PANALANGIN BAGO MAG-ARAL

Mag-aaral 1: Panginoon, Ikaw ang bukal ng liwanag at

karunungan. Tanglawan mo ng Iyong liwanag ang aming isipan
upang maunawaan namin ang aming mga aralin.

Mag-aaral 2: Bigyan Mo kami ng talas ng isip upang malaman

namin ang dapat naming tandaan. Pagkalooban Mo kami ng
tiyaga at sipag upang patuloy kaming magsikap sa aming pag-
aaral.

Mag-aaral 3: Pag-alabin Mo ang aming pagnanais na makamit ang

karunungang kinakailangan namin sa buhay na ito. Amen
Nationalism and Indigenization
Movement in the Social Sciences
(Part I)
Q2, Week 9
 Nationalism and Indigenization
Movement in the Social Sciences
(Part I)
Q2, Week 9

Indigenization Movement in the Social Sciences

Indigenization (pagsasakatutubo) is an academic and socio-cultural

movement in the former colonies in the third world which seeks to
rediscover, relearn, and re-apply the traditional and indigenous
cultural forms and systems that are authentic marks.

Indigenization is a collective process of reflection and reexamination,

contributing to the rediscovery of the Filipino indigenous cultural
identity.
 Nationalism and Indigenization
Movement in the Social Sciences
(Part I)
Q2, Week 9

Growth of Filipino Nationalism

Spanish colonization took place at a time when the socio-political

development of communities in Luzon and Visayas was in its initial
stages. The lack of a strong and solid socio-political foundation
rendered the communities in Luzon and Visayas vulnerable to the
colonial invasion.
 Nationalism and Indigenization
Movement in the Social Sciences
(Part I)
Q2, Week 9

GOMBURZA
The Cavity Mutiny of 1872 and the ensuring
execution of GOMBURZA were critical periods in the
country's historical development. These events marked
the emergence of Filipino national sentiment and
consciousness against Spanish colonial abuse. As a
historical awakening, it led to the crystallization of
Filipino national identity and consciousness.
PHOTO SOURCE: MALACANANG.GOV.PH
HTTP://MALACANANG.GOV.PH/7695-THE-
MARTYRDOM-OF-THE-GOMBURZA/
 Nationalism and Indigenization
Movement in the Social Sciences
(Part I)
Q2, Week 9

ILUSTRADOS IN MADRID, C.1890

The Propaganda movement articulated the Filipino anti-colonial

movement. Filipino Ilustrados internalized the liberal and progressive
ideas from Europe and these found expression in various propaganda
materials such as novels, newspapers, and pamphlets, among others.
 Nationalism and Indigenization
Movement in the Social Sciences
(Part I)
Q2, Week 9

The propagandist, through their works, sought to expose

the inequalities in the Philippine society and the abuses of
the Spaniards, in the hope of bringing about social and
political reform in the country.
 Nationalism and Indigenization
Movement in the Social Sciences
(Part I)
Q2, Week 9

Filipino revolutionaries such as Andres Bonifacio

and Apolinario Mabini recognized the need for
armed struggle to attain independence. This
struggle is undertaken in defense of legitimate
rights, and oppose and eventually topple a
repressive and abusive government.
 Nationalism and Indigenization
Movement in the Social Sciences
(Part I)
Q2, Week 9

Filipino Nationalist

Isabelo de los Reyes Claro M. Recto Jose W. Diokno Lorenzo Tanada

(1864-1938) (1890-1960) (1922-1987) (1898-1992)
 Nationalism and Indigenization
Movement in the Social Sciences
(Part I)
Q2, Week 9

Isabelo de los Reyes (1864-1938)

Politician, journalist, folklorist, and labor activist

Aka "Don Belong"

He sought to expose the oppression experienced by
the Filipinos during the Spanish colonial rule
through his progressive writing.
He strongly denounced friar ownership of vast
Isabelo de los Reyes tracts of land which deprived Filipino farmers of
(1864-1938) the lands to till and resources to develop.
 Nationalism and Indigenization
Movement in the Social Sciences
(Part I)
Q2, Week 9

He is also a strong advocate of Philippine Independence from Spain.

As a journalist, he criticized how imperialism relegated the

Philippines to a condition of chronic poverty and
underemployment.

As an activist, he was jailed for instigating labor strikes against

American companies that violated workers' rights and welfare.
 Nationalism and Indigenization
Movement in the Social Sciences
(Part I)
Q2, Week 9

He was also credited with the formation of the first labor union in
the Philippines-the Union Obrera Demokratiko (UOD).

He made significant contributions to the development and

promotion of Ilocano folklore, culture, and heritage.

He also co-founded the Philippines Independence Church, a

religious organization that advocated for social justice and national
liberation.
 Nationalism and Indigenization
Movement in the Social Sciences
(Part I)
Q2, Week 9

Claro M. Recto (1890-1960)

Nationalist legislator and activist

He was an advocate of an independent foreign policy.

He challenged the accusation of American imperialists that
Filipino nationalists were being ultranationalists
tendencies.
He also authored the Rizal Law(Republic Act. 1425)
which required Philippine schools to study Jose Rizal's life Claro M. Recto
(1890-1960)
and works. Rizal's novels, in particular, served as effective
eye-openers that stirred the nationalist and revolutionary
zeal of the Filipino during the Spanish colonial regime.
 Nationalism and Indigenization
Movement in the Social Sciences
(Part I)
Q2, Week 9

Sen. Jose W. Diokno (1922-1987)

Nationalist lawyer, legislator, and activist

As a social activist, Jose Diokno aka "Ka Pepe" believed that denying an individual
his or her human rights is tantamount to removing his/her dignity as a person.
Diokno's brand of nationalism encompassed the multi-dimensional facets of
national affairs. As a firm believer in democracy, he fought against the Marcos
dictatorship and the supremacy of military authority over civilians.
 Nationalism and Indigenization
Movement in the Social Sciences
(Part I)
Q2, Week 9

Lorenzo Tanada (1898-1992)

Nationalist lawyer and activist

He believed that nationalism serves as a precondition not

only for independence but also for economic development.
He also called on his fellow Filipinos to adopt nationalism
and use it as a force for national development, and not
merely a slogan, tagline, or label.
Lorenzo Tanada He was a staunch critic of political and bureaucratic
(1898-1992) corruption in the government arguing they should possess
the values of integrity, accountability, and uprightness.
References:

Photo Source: Malacanang.gov.ph http://malacanang.gov.ph/7695-the-martyrdom-of-the-

gomburza/
Ilustrados in Madrid, c.1890
Abueva, J. et al. Eds. 1998. The Philippines into the 21st Century: Future Scenarios for
Governance, Democracy, and Development, 1998-2025. Quezon City, Philippines: UP Press.
Jison, J. R., Ponsaran, J. N. 2018. Disciples and Ideas in the Social Sciences (For Senior High
School). Quezon City, Philippines: C & E Publishing, Inc.