ARPLAN Reviewer
function, cities act as producers &
 ARCHITECTURE – the art or practice of
designing & constructing buildings
 3 Fs – Function, Form, Firmness
 URBAN DESIGN – the design of
functionality of spaces between
buildings & structures
 URBAN PLANNING – the design &
organization of urban space &
infrastructure
URBAN DESIGN:
 Human settlements > Villages > Cities
 CITY – a group of people and a number
of permanent structures within a
limited geographical area, organized as
to facilitate the interchange of goods
and services with the outside world
 RA 7160- minimum income 20million ;
10,000 hectares, population of 150,000
 LARGEST POPULATION (REGIONS):
CALABARZON (12.61m), NCR (11.86m),
CENTRAL LUZON (10.14m) ; overall
covers 1/3rd of the PH population
 LARGEST POPULATION (PROVINCES):
CAVITE (3.09M), BULACAN (2.92M),
PANGASINAN (2.78M)
 LESS THAN 100,000: SIQUIJOR,
CAMIGUIN, BATANES
 Population grew by 1.90 percent
annually
 HIGHLY URBANIZED CITY – 50 million
income, 200,000 population
 QUEZON CITY (2.76M), MANILA
(1.65M), CALOOCAN CITY (1.49M),
DAVAO CITY (1.45M)
 COMPONENT CITY – population and
income is below those of highly
urbanized city. Ex. Antipolo
 URBAN AREA – all cities and
municipalities at least 1000
people/sqkm
FUNCTIONS OF A CITY:
 ECONOMIC – a basic , continuing
marketplaces
 DEFENSE & PROTECTION – historic
urban function of the city, cities were
once built to withstand sieges from
migrating tribes, or frequent raids from
enemies
 WORSHIP & GOVERNMENT – the prime
function of the city throughout history,
cities were built around tempes,
shrines, and pyramids Ex. Medieval
cathedral was the center of the city
 TRANSPORTATION – greatly influences
the location of cities since they are
dependent on geography, enables
people to live in much larger more
spread out cities.
 EDUCATION & CULTURE – cities as
educator due to the diversity of
people, ideas, jobs; cities as a reflection
of cultural pride like ancient theaters,
religious festivals, etc
 HOUSING – the largest & simplest
function of a city; housing functions of
the inner city have shifted to outlying
areas
SHAPE OF A CITY:
 URBAN FORM – the spatial pattern of
human activities at a certain point in
time
 Spatial arrangement of cities due to 1)
PHYSICAL LAYOUT and design of a city
2) SPATIAL IMPRINT of an URBAN
TRANSPORT system 3) Adjacent
PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURES
FACTORS INFLUENCING A CITY FORM
 GEOGRAPHY
 IMPACT OF NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
 SOCIAL, POLITICAL & ECONOMIC
FORCES
 TRADE PRACTICES
 PERIOD OF DEVELOPMENT observer can mentally enter “inside of”;
recognizable as having some common
identifying character; dominance
 RECTILINEAR – usually with 2 corridors, depends upon the individual and the
usually found in small cities; composed given district
of straight streets crossing at right  NODES – points, strategic spots by
angles Ex. Chandigarh which an observer can enter; directly
 RADIOCENTRIC – a large circle with related to the concept of paths and
radial corridors of intense development districts; intensive foci
emanating outward from the center Ex.
Moscow Kremlin and the Red Square
 LINEAR – usually the result of natural
topography which restricts growth; may
be a transportation spine Ex. Mumbai
 RING – a city built around a large open
space
 BRANCH – linear span with connecting
arms
 CONSTELLATION – a series of nearly
equal sized cities in close proximity
 STAR – a radiocentric form with open
spaces between the outreaching
corridors of development
 SHEET – a vast area with little or no
articulation
 ARTICULATED SHEET – a sheet accented
by one or more central clusters and
several subclusters
 IMAGES OF THE CITY – by Kevin Lynch ;
physical elements that create the
image of the city
 PATHS – channels along which the
observer moves; predominant element
for many person’s image; easily
identifiable, has continuity and
directional quality, aligned with a
larger system
 EDGES – linear elements not used or
considered as paths; can be disruptive
to city form; visually prominent,
continuous, impenetrable to cross
movement
 DISTRICTS – medium to large sections of
a city, conceived of as 2-dimensional;