ARMY 2040: WORLD-CLASS. MULTI-MISSION READY. CROSS-DOMAIN CAPABLE.

HEADQUARTERS
DEPARTMENT OF MILITARY SCIENCE AND TACTICS
RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY ROTC UNIT
1305th Community Defense Center, NCRRCDG, RESCOM, PA
Boni Avenue, Mandaluyong City

HYGIENE AND SANITATION

Cadets’ Handouts

AY 2023-2024

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

 ARMY 2040: WORLD-CLASS. MULTI-MISSION READY. CROSS-DOMAIN CAPABLE.

SCOPE

● Hygiene and Patrols

● Sanitation ● Health maintenance & sanitary
● Diseases Acquired practice.
● Control Measures ● Types and treatment of
● Waste Disposal communicable diseases.
● Rules in Construction of all Types ● Measures to protect and improve
of Latrine health responsibility for military
● Care of feet during the Marches sanitation.

HYGIENE
The science/discipline focused on the preservation and enhancement of health.

IMPORTANCE OF PERSONAL HYGIENE

● It protects individual or group against diseases
● It promotes sound and positive total health
● It improves of even best one’s morale

PERSONAL HYGIENE
Measure taken by individual to preserve his own health
● Cleanliness (hair, skin, hands, and clothing)
● Daily bathing
● Foot care
● Oral and dental hygiene
● Mindful food and drink practices
● Regular exercise
● Relaxation and cultivating a healthy mindset
● Proper exercise
● Relaxation and Recreation
● Cultivation of healthy mind
● -Preserve and established a healthy mental attitude and

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

 ARMY 2040: WORLD-CLASS. MULTI-MISSION READY. CROSS-DOMAIN CAPABLE.

emotional reaction
● Exercise - to condition body and to wear out that unnecessary
fat’s calories
● Healthy Minds - react naturally and facing reality

HEALTH
The state of well-being encompassing physical, mental, and social aspects.

SANITATION
The scientific practice of employing measures to prevent diseases and promote individual health.
FIELD SANITATION
Efforts to prevent diseases by eliminating or controlling factors contributing to disease
transmission.

FACTORS
● Water
● Food supplies
● Wastes
● Insects
● Housing etc. . .

WATER
Essential for life, used for bathing, cooking, washing, and chemical treatment to eliminate
impurities.
No man can last more than 4 or 5 days without drinking water
Different sources include surface water, rainwater, underground water, and public water supplies.
Impurities of water can be treated by
● Use of Chloride - powerful germicide
● 8-10 drops of Iodine per one (1) gallon of water
● Boiling for at least 30 minutes

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

 ARMY 2040: WORLD-CLASS. MULTI-MISSION READY. CROSS-DOMAIN CAPABLE.

SOURCE OF WATER
● Surface Water
- almost dirty contaminated except those running and stream and spring in
which there are residents
● Rain Water
- as directly collected from roof Underground water
- wells, springs
● Public Water supplies
- government supply or private corporation

ACQUIRED DISEASES
● Respiratory Diseases
- Transmitted from man to man through oral and nasal discharge of infected
individual ( TB, Cough and Cold)
● Intestinal Diseases
- Transmitted by food and water that has become contaminated with feces and
urine of an affected person
● Insect bite diseases
- Transmitted to man through insect bites ( Malaria, Dengue, Typhoid fever)
● VD or STD
- Sexually transmitted diseases
● Other acquired diseases
- Dermatophytosis or athlete foot

FIVE FACTORS IN THE TRANSMISSION OF INTESTINAL DISEASES

● Food
● Fingers
● Flies
● Fluid
● Feces

CONTROL MEASURES

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

 ARMY 2040: WORLD-CLASS. MULTI-MISSION READY. CROSS-DOMAIN CAPABLE.

● Refrain from close physical contact with identified carriers of

diseases.
● Ensure proper ventilation in living quarters.
● Purify water sources.
● Exercise caution in selecting and preparing food.
● Maintain cleanliness and sanitation in mess areas.
● Implement proper waste disposal procedures.
● Emphasize personal hygiene practices.

WASTE DISPOSAL IN THE FIELD

WASTE
A general term covering all types of refuse resulting from the living activities of human or animals

SYSTEM
● Straddle Trench Latrine
Used:
- Short bivouac and FTX
- Approx 4 X 6 trenches per 10 square meters
● Deep Pit Latrine
Used:
- Longer period of time in build up areas
● Bore Hole or Cat Pit Latrine
Used:
- March and patrol
- Covered immediately with dirt after used
● Pail Latrine
Used:
- Ground is to hard for digging
- Water table is too high
● Urine Soaked Pit

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

 ARMY 2040: WORLD-CLASS. MULTI-MISSION READY. CROSS-DOMAIN CAPABLE.

Used:
- Prevent accumulation of liquid waste
- Water from shower
- Sinks
- Field kitchen

CARE OF FEET DURING MARCHES AND PATROL

● Bring at least five (5) pairs of issued socks with you
● Keep socks clean and dry
● Change wet or damp socks as soon as possible
● Wash your feet daily
● Avoid tight socks and boots
● Wear the shoes to keep boots dry, beware of wet socks from sweating
● Sweating - avoid unsanitary condition

GENERAL RULES IN CONSTRUCTION OF ALL TYPES OF LATRINE

● It should be all least 100 yards away from the unit mess from nearest water
services to ensure free from contamination
● A screen should be place around the latrine
● Installed a hand wash device
● It should be kept clean & polished 4 times a day
● Always treat it with chemical disinfectant spray inside to prevent multiplication
of vermin

HYGIENE & SANITATION

● Personal hygiene & sanitation is every soldier's responsibility. a command is
the mirror-image of its commander, the state of the health of men & the condition
they work in, reflect the leadership, discipline & supervision in the unit.
● It is important to practice hygiene & sanitation not only to serve as an
example, but also to impart others the need for clean & healthful living to support
our primary objective that is the accomplishment of the mission.
● Rules of hygiene & sanitation are simple & easy to follow but some carelessly

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

 ARMY 2040: WORLD-CLASS. MULTI-MISSION READY. CROSS-DOMAIN CAPABLE.

disregard them. it is for this reason that everybody should sometimes go out of their
way to remind & see to it that rules of good hygiene & sanitation are followed.

BASIC HEALTH GUIDELINES

1. Always keep your body clean. take a bath once everyday. as minimum, bathe
your feet, hands & private parts. If possible, change your underwear & socks after
bathing. When water is scarce, you may bathe twice a week. If water availability is
the worst, scrub your body regularly with clean wet cloth.
2. Change your underclothing daily if possible,if not, at least twice a week.
inspect them for lice, fleas or other bugs that may keep you itchy.
3. Change clothing, shoes or socks immediately after they get wet to avoid
getting colds, athletes foot & other illnesses.
4. Brush your teeth at least twice a day, preferably after waking up & before
going to bed. brush your teeth on the inside & outside, away from the gums &
towards the cutting surface of the teeth.
5. Always wash your hands with soap & water after doing fatigue duty, after
engaging strenuous exercise, before eating & after coming out of the comfort room.
6. Use only your own eating & drinking utensils if possible. you may contact
disease from infected mess gear of personal articles of others. for the same reason,
avoid borrowing & lending your own pipes, towels, shoes, etc.
7. When mosquitos & other flying insects are present in your area, be sure to use
your mosquito net. Tuck it well around your bedding & ensure that there are no holes
before sleeping. take your anti-malaria tablets regularly, many soldiers became fatal
casualties due to their indifference to these tiny but effective anti-malaria tablets.
8. Never drink water from any untreated source until it has been declared safe
for drinking by your medical officer. When purification tablets (such as halazone) are
available, use them to treat your drinking water. If there are none, you may consider
boiling your water for at least fifteen minutes to kill the harmful bacterias that may
be present.
9. Relieve yourself in an area which is designated as the head area for your unit.
10. Exercise your muscle & joints regularly, inactivity may do equal damage to
your health as extreme exertion or fatigue.
11. Avoid venereal diseases. do not associate with infected women who may be

HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.

 ARMY 2040: WORLD-CLASS. MULTI-MISSION READY. CROSS-DOMAIN CAPABLE.

carriers of these diseases. If you think you have caught any of these sexually
transmitted diseases, report it to your medical officer at once. any venereal diseases
can be cured much easier & quickly on its early stage. untreated vd may result in
death or permanent damage to your body.

CAMP SANITATION
- refers to the rules of cleanliness and sanitation which soldiers should follow to
keep & maintain camps.
1. When putting-up camps & bivouacs, build them around a sanitary pla. Make
provision for sanitation requirements, such as the location of the galley, the head &
the billeting areas of the men.
2. Control your water supply. Purify drinking water in a manner approved by the
medical officer. When the water source is a stream or a river, mark separate water
points for washing, cooking & human consumption. washing & bathing points must
always be downstream from points used for human consumption. Of course in this
case of tactical camps, these watering points must be well

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HONOR. PATRIOTISM. DUTY.