GRATING

INSTALLATION & REMOVAL

TRAINING
JIGCC PROJECT PACKAGE 1 & 2
SAIPEM TRAINING CENTER

mercoledì 26 ottobre 2022

 Grating Installation & Removal
1. Terms & Definition
2. Objectives
3. Purpose
4. General Construction requirements
5. Safety work instruction
6. Floor Grating Removal Procedure
7. Walk & work safely
8. Responsibilities
9. Prior Requirements
10. Permit Requirements
11. Hole-Covers & Hole-watch
12. TBT
13. Checklist
 Terms and Definitions
Flooring: assembly of elements making up the floor of
a walkway or a working platform and being in direct
contact with footwear.

Walkway: level surface used for moving from one

point to another.

Working platform: level surface used for the

operation, maintenance, inspection, repair, sampling
and other phases of work in connection with the
machinery.

Slip resistant surface: flooring surface designed for

improving the grip of footwear.
 Definition of
PERMANENT GRATING
Permanent grating is cast steel or alloy non slip flooring installed
on columns & vessels as platforms or as flooring in structures
such as compressor and generator second levels.
 OBJECTIVES of this Session
• Identify the steps to be taken when Installing & removing
floor grating.
• CONTROL of OPENING in FLOORS, WALLS, ROOFS, STAIRWAYS
& HANDRAILS in the FINISHED STRUCTURE & ALL GRATING
INSTALLATION & REMOVAL Procedure
 REASONS for TRAINING
• Fall from height is the leading cause of DEATH and
SEVERE INJURY in the construction industry.
• UNCONTROLLED Grating Removal is 1 of the leading
causes of fall from height in the construction
industry.
 PURPOSE of the procedure
 To ensure that temporary and or permanent flooring,
walkways and handrail protection is in good
condition on, and remains in good condition at the
SITE or TEMPORARY SITE for the duration of it’s use.
 To ensure all openings in floors, roofs, stairways,
handrails and the removal of grating are fall
protected.
 PURPOSE Continued
 To ensure that Grating Removal is performed in a
safe and acceptable manner in accordance with the
procedure.
 To ensure that personnel carrying out the work
around opening in Floors, Walls, Roofs, Stairways &
Handrails in the finished structure and where grating
is Installed & removed are assured of workplace
safety.
 General construction requirements

Dimensioning and selection of components (including fixings, connections,

supports and foundations) to ensure sufficient rigidity and stability

Resistance of all parts to environmental effects (such as climate, chemical

agents, corrosive gases)e.g. by the use of a corrosion resistant material or
with the aid of a suitable protective coating

Use of compatible materials e.g. to minimize galvanic or differential

thermal expansion

Dimension of walkways and working platforms shall be according to

available anthropometric data

Designed end constructed to prevent the hazards due to falling objects

Walkways and working platform shall be designed and built in such a way
that the walking surface have durable slip resistant properties
 General construction requirements
Headroom over walkways and working platforms shall be
2100mm

Exceptions 1; due to a risk assessment and restrictions due

to the machinery or environment….. No less than
1900mm; only if occasionally used or only for a short
distance.

Clear width min. 600mm but preferably 800mm. If usually

crossing of several persons simultaneously, increased to
1000mm.

Exception 2; due to a risk assessment and restrictions due to

the machinery or environment….. No less than 500mm; only
if occasionally used or only for a short distance
Warning signs to indicate these exceptions should be
considered!
Gratings should provide;

a natural slip resistant walking surface

a high percent of open area allowing
snow, water and oil to drain off easily thus
maintaining the slip resistant
surface.

Gratings also allow excellent passage of

heat and light and contribute to
walkway cleanliness.

Consider the following specifications:

Maximum load capacity
Connections
Overlap
Accumulation:

The design must drained away all liquids

and/or substances (e.g. snow).
Trip and slip:

To avoid trip hazards, the greatest

difference between the tops of
neighbouring flooring surfaces shall not
exceed 4 mm in height.
Slip resistance material
Falling objects:
Openings max. 35mm diameter Above a
place where people are
working, openings max. 20mm diameter
No openings due to a risk assessment
(e.g. more risk for slipping)
Joints: toe plate is necessary if the
distance between flooring and element
exceeds 30mm.
 Hazards and risk
Falling through flooring hazard:
Gratings are detachable elements
removable, e.g. where required
for maintenance or replacement:

Any hazardous movement of

these elements shall be
prevented e.g. by fasteners

It shall be possible to inspect

fixings in order to detect any
corrosion or any hazardous
loosening or change of position of
clamps
Safety Work Instruction
 There must be a written
procedure which describes
how to perform a removal of
floor gratings in a safe manner
e.g.:
 removal permit / authorization
 install barricades
IMMEDIATELY after any
removal of grating
 fall protection
 no use of cell phone
 ribbon off hazardous area
 adequate lighting to illuminate the opening
 warn signs
 inform other personnel in the area
 PPE
 no opening shall stay open beyond the end of
a shift
 no opening shall ever be
left unguarded… post a
watch if necessary, etc.
Floor Grating Removal Procedure
Example!
PURPOSE

This procedure is designed minimize fall and trip hazards

associated with the removal of floor gratings when
performing maintenance or service tasks.

PROCEDURE
(Good Practice)
No floor grating is to be removed from without first
contacting the Safety Department and obtaining a
completed Grating Removal Permit / Authorization

Prior to grating removal and the start of work, the Safety

Department will review the procedures and protective
measures required by the permit.
 For grating removal, ALL the
following requirements shall apply
Never remove or leave a piece of grating out without first
installing a rigid barricade, guardrail or equivalent, which
will entirely encompass the opening, or properly cover the
opening.
A. If covers are utilized, they must:
 Be constructed as to adequately support without
failure, at least twice the weight of any person(s)
and /or equipment that it may use in maintenance
or servicing.
 Be cleated, or secured by means of wire tie
downs, clips or other equivalent fastening method.
 Have some means of warning by identifying the
hazard on the cover, such as “Floor Opening” or
“Danger: Hole” stenciled, painted or otherwise
prominently inscribed.
For grating removal, ALL the
following requirements shall apply
I. Never remove or leave a piece of grating out without first
installing a rigid barricade, guardrail or equivalent, which will
entirely encompass the opening, or properly cover the
opening.

B. If rigid barricading or guardrail is used, it shall:

 Be constructed of wood (2”x4”/38x89mm), angle iron or
material of comparable strength, or a combined system of
components capable of achieving the same, e.g. wire rope
and stanchions
 Have a complete top rail (no voids)
 Have a top rail height of not less than 39” (0.9m) and not
more than 42” (1.1m) above the grate floor
 Have a complete mid rail installed at a point midway
between the top edge of the top rail and the grate floor
 Be secured, self supporting and capable of
withstanding all expected loads.
 Have a toe board, with exception to the designated
access point to the removed grate(s) openings
For grating removal, ALL the
following requirements shall apply
Upon removal of grating
Ensure the remaining grates bordering the removed
grate(s) opening are protected from movement or
slippage. The existing grating can be secured by
wiring down, installing clips or other means capable
of being secured.
Set grating in an area as to not cause a tripping
hazard or interfere with other contractors or work
activities
Stack grating away from the opening or no higher
than the top of the toe board as to eliminate any
chance of it being knocked into or across the
opening.
Stacks shall be organized and uniform and not
present a safety hazard
For grating removal, ALL the
following requirements shall apply
Additional measures
When working in the area of removed grating, ensure
adequate lighting is provided to illuminate the opening
Warn and inform other personnel in the area
of the removed grating
When re-installing gratings, ensure that it is correctly
positioned and fastened.
Take additional precautions as necessary to
prevent injury.
Leather work gloves are required when handling grating
All grating must be reinstalled at the completion of the work
task or at the end of the shift. No opening shall remain beyond
the end of a shift, unless a new permit is obtained.
No opening shall ever be left unguarded…post a watch if
necessary.
NOTE: Any requirement for deviation or change to the above
procedure shall be submitted in writing to the safety department
for review and approval prior.
Main risks
Falling in an open hole during the
removal of gratings

No correctly re-positioned and fastened

gratings are traps, falling down

Lack of maintenance of grating floors,

falling down when walking on it.

Accidents caused by slip, trips, falls, …

due to uneven floors
Walk and Work Safely
As slip, trip and fall hazards can present themselves anywhere and at
anytime, always practice the following safe behaviours on stairs,
grating, ….etc :
 Slow down and take small careful steps if the surface is rough,
cluttered, slippery or at an angle.
 Take extra care when stepping from rough to slippery surfaces:
 Coming indoors with wet shoes.
 Carry objects close to your body and below chest level so you can
see over or around what you are carrying.
 Always hold the handrail on stairs (i.e., never carry objects
requiring two hands on stairs).
 Wear shoes and boots with good traction (especially on icy or wet
surfaces).
 When carrying things up or down the stairs make sure to have one
hand on the rail.
 In general use the right handrail when you descend or climb.
 Don’t carrying objects with both hands when using stairs.
 Do not carry bulky objects that block your vision.
 Be very cautious on stairs if you are wearing bifocal glasses.
 Apply the so-called “tennis – racket grip” at all times when
possible
 No use of cell phones when walking
 Grating Removal (Procedure)

Ultimate - Responsibility
Line Management/Supervision

The Construction Manager will ensure that

Saipem and subcontractor management and
supervision are, aligned with and
“Accountable” for, the grating removal and
permit to work procedure being in place.
 Prior to the application/issuing of permits
• At least 24 hours before removing any section of
Grating or flooring the subcontractor field supervisor
must apply to JIGCCP for a Grating Removal Permit.

• Before issuing any permit the JIGCCP area supervisor and the HSE
representative, “AS A MINIMUM” must visit the location to review the
necessity of removing the grating.

• All locations where grating is to be removed must be surrounded by a hard

barricade located no closer than 1m and no further than 2m from the edge
of the opening.
 “REMEMBER”

1. Removal of grating shall only be performed after

completion of the entire permit procedure and
hard barricades being in place.

2. Representatives of both JIGCCP Construction

Supervision and the HSE department must sign
BOTH the grating removal permit and the permit to
work inside a barricaded area.

3. “100% fall protection required” signs must be placed

on all sides of the barricade no more than 5m
apart.
PERMIT REQUIREMENTS
1. The permit must detail the nature of the work to be
carried out, including the method to be employed
and list the tools/equipment to be used.
2. The permit must detail any special precautions
which are required to be taken for working inside the
barricaded area. (e.g. 100% Tie-Off, signage)
3. The permit must list all workers involved in the work
together with the name of the supervisor In-Charge
of work.
4. The permit must be approved/signed off by;

• JIGCCP - LINE MANGEMENT/SUPERVISOR

 “REMEMBER”

A copy of:

The Grating Removal Certificate AND The Permit “To Work” Inside
a Barricaded Area.

Shall be available at the work location

AT ALL TIMES
Grating/Handrail Removal & Open
Hole certificate
This Certificate shall be used in conjunction
with the Permit to Work (both Cold and Hot)
for any activity which consists in doing any
modification or removal of grating and/or
handrail, or the opening of any kind of hole;
this Certificate should be submitted with the
Permit to Work together with supporting
documentation such as sketches, drawings
and method statements and duly authorized
before to commence the work with the
relative cold or hot work permit
28
 HOLE - COVERS & HOLE - WATCH
1. All openings in floors will be covered with temporary covers
unless work is in progress.
2. All temporary hole covers shall be clearly marked on the face
cover;
“HOLE - COVER – DO NOT REMOVE”
3. All temporary hole covers must be capable of withstanding at
least 300Kg/660Lbs. As a minimum ¾” plywood should be used.
4. No floor covering shall be left uncovered whilst unattended.
5. Floor covers shall be replaced at the end of each shift, during
breaks or any other absence of the workforce.
6. In the event a hole cover cannot be replaced during breaks or any
other absence of the workforce a hole-watchman must be in
place during the entire period of work stoppage or breaks.
 TBT
The requirements of the permits as well as all precautions must be addressed at
all TBT meetings prior to commencing the daily work routine.

• 100% Fall-Protection shall be in place within the barricaded

work area prior to the removal of the grating, during the time
the grating is not in place and up until the grating is replaced.

• It is a minimal requirement as well as a part of this A00- ZA-E-

9902007_CBA_00 procedure, that a full body harness and double lanyard be worn
and hooked in life line by all workers within the barricaded area at all times.

• UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES IS ANYONE PERMITTED INTO, OR WORK INSIDE

THIS AREA WITHOUT THIS PPE.
Wearing Entire Area
Appropriate Signage
Safety Harness Barricaded
 Entire Area Barricaded
Entire Area
Permit & Signage in Place
Barricaded

Entire Area Clear of Debris

Hole-Watch Present During Breaks
& Lunchtime – and/or When work is stopped
Open grating area, not in compliance.
Holes left unattended with inadequate cover
Debris left lying around open grating areas
Potential trip HAZARD that could lead to a FATALITY
The main cause of severe injury – disability – and fatality
Is caused by equipment and other parts of structures
the individual hits on his way down.
Once inside the barricaded area full body harness
and
100% Tie-Off is required by EVERYONE

No one
Is
Excluded
INCLUDING
Supervision
&
Management
YOU HAVE COMPLETED THE TRAINING
SESSION
IN CASE OF DOUBT ASK YOUR SUPERVISOR
OR
SEEK HELP FROM HSE PERSONNEL AT SITE WEARING
GREEN HELMET

IF YOU HAVE ANY ???????????????? PLEASE ASK