Vidyamandir Classes

Solutions to Workbook-4 [Chemistry] | The Solid State

Daily Tutorial Sheet Level - 0

1. In a solid, the constituent particles are very closely packed. Hence the forces of attraction among these
particles are very strong. Moreover, the constituent particles in solids have fixed positions and only
oscillate about their mean positions. Hence, they are rigid.
2. As the solid has same value of refractive index along all directions, this means that it is isotropic and
hence amorphous. Being an amorphous solid, it would not show a clean cleavage when cut with a knife.
Instead, it would break into pieces with irregular surfaces.
3. The constituent particles of a solid have fixed positions and are not free to move about, i.e. they possess
rigidity. That is why they have a definite volume. 4. Number of atoms in the close packing = 0.5 mol
= 0.5 × 6.022×1023 = 3.011×1023
Number of octahedral voids = Number of atoms in the packing = 3.011×1023
Number of tetrahedral voids = 2 × Number of atoms in the packing = 2×3.011×1023 = 6.022×1023
Total number of voids = 3.011  10 23 + 6.022×1023 = 9.033 ×1023.
5. Suppose the atoms of N in the ccp = n, Number of tetrahedral voids = 2 n
2n
As 1/3rd of the tetrahedral voids are occupied by atoms M, therefore, number of atoms M =
3
2n
Ratio of M : N = : n = 2 : 3 Hence, the formula is M2N3 .
3
ZM   a3  NA
6. Density,  = or Z = … (i)
a3  NA M

Here, M (molar mass of the element) = 2.7×10–2 kg m–3

a (edge length) = 405 pm = 405 × 10–12 = 4.05 × 10–10 m,  (density)  2.7  10 3 kg m 3

N A (Avogadro's number) = 6.022 × 1023mol –1 ,

Substituting these values in expression (i), we get :
(2.7×103kg m –3 ).(4.05×10 –10 m)3 (6.022×1023mol –1 )
Z=  3.99  4
2.7×10 –2kg mol –1
As number of particles is 4, hence lattice is fcc.
7. When a solid is heated, vacancy defect is produced in the crystal. This is because, some atoms or ions
leave the lattice site completely, i.e., some lattice sites become vacant. As a result of this defect, the
density of the substance decreases because some atoms/ions leave the crystal completely.
8. Two or more cations of lower valency are replaced by a cation of higher valency to maintain electrical
neutrality. Hence, some cation vacancies are created. For example, if in the ionic solid, Na+Cl–, impurity
of Sr2+ is added (as SrCl2), two Na+ lattice sites will become vacant and one of these will be occupied by
Sr2+ ion and the other will remain vacant.

Solution | Workbook - 4 198 The Solid State

Vidyamandir Classes

9. Taking the example of NaCl, when its crystals are heated in presence of sodium vapour, some chloride
ions leave their lattice sites to combine with sodium to form NaCl. For this reaction to occur, Na atoms
lose electrons to form Na+ ions. The electrons thus released diffuse into the crystal to occupy the anion
vacancies created by Cl– ions. The crystal now has excess of sodium. The sites occupied by unpaired
electrons are called F-centres. They impart yellow colour to the crystal because they absorb energy from
the visible light and get excited.
10. Ferromagnetic substances make better permanent magnets. This is because the metal ions of a
ferromagnetic substance are grouped into small regions called ‘domains’. Each domain acts as a tiny
magnet. These domains are randomly oriented. When the substance is placed in a magnetic field, all the
domains get oriented in the direction of magnetic field and a strong magnetic field is produced. This
ordering of domains persists even when the external magnetic field is removed. Hence, the ferromagnetic
substance becomes a permanent magnet.
11. Glass is an amorphous solid in which the constituent particles (SiO4 tetrahedra) have only a short range
order and there is no long range order. In quartz, the constituent particles (SiO4 tetrahedra) have short
range as well as long range order. On melting quartz and then cooling it rapidly, it is converted into
glass.
12. Ionic = (NH4)3PO4 and LiBr; Metallic = Brass, Rb ; Molecular = P4O10, I2 , P4 ; Network (covalent)
= Graphite, SiC, Si ; Amorphous = Plastics.
13. (a) Higher the melting point, greater are the forces holding the constituent particles together and
hence greater is the stability.
(b) The intermolecular forces in water and ethyl alcohol are mainly the hydrogen bonding. Higher
melting point of water than alcohol shows that hydrogen bonding in ethyl alcohol molecules is
not as strong as in water molecules. Diethyl ether is a polar molecule. The intermolecular
forces present in them are dipole-dipole attraction. (London dispersion forces).
14. As atoms Y are present at the 8 corners of the cube, therefore, number of atoms of Y in the unit cell
= 1/8 × 8 = 1
As atoms X are present at the body centure, therefore, number of atoms of X in the unit cell = 1
Ratio of atoms X : Y = 1 : 1. Hence, the formula of the compound is XY
MZ 93g mol –1×2
15. a3 = = = 3.61×107 = 36.1×106
  N 0  10 30 8.55g cm –3× 6.02 ×1023 mol –1×10 –30

 a = (36.1)1/3 × 102 pm = 3.304 ×102 pm = 330.4 pm

1 1
[x = (36.1)1/3, log x = log 36.1 = 1.5575 = 0.519 or x = antilog 0.519 = 3.304]
3 3
3
For body - centred cubic, r = a  0.433a  0.433  330.4 pm  143.1 pm.
4
16. The formula Ni0.98O shows that
Ni : O = 0.98 : 1 = 98 : 100
Then, if there are 100 , O2– atoms , then Ni atoms = 98
Charge on 100 O2– ions = 100 × (–2) = –200
Suppose Ni atoms as Ni2+ = x
Then Ni atoms as Ni3+ = 98 – x
Total charge of Ni2+ & Ni3+ = (+2) x + (+3) (98 – x) = 2x + 294 – 3x = 294 – x
NiO.98 O is neutral,
294 – x = 200 of x = 294 – 200 = 94
Magnitude of charge = | –200 | = 200

Solution | workbook-4 199 The Solid State

 Vidyamandir Classes

94
% of Ni as Ni2+ =  100  95.92% and % of Ni as Ni3+ = 100 – 95.92 = 4.08 %
98
ZM
17.  For fcc lattice of copper, Z = 4 Atomic mass of copper, M=63.5 g mol-1
a3  N0

4  63.5 g mol 1
   8.97 g cm 3
(3.61  10 8 cm)3  (6.022  1023 mol 1 )
which is in close agreement with the measured value.
18. The ratio less than 2 : 1 in Cu2O shows that some cuprous (Cu+) ions have been replaced by cupric
(Cu2+) ions. To maintain electrical neutrality, every two Cu+ ion thereby creating a hole. As conduction
will be due to presence of these positive holes, hence it is a p- type semiconductor.
19. Suppose the number of oxide ions (O2–) in the packing = n.
 Number of octahedral voids = n.
As 2/3rd of the octahedral voids are occupied by ferric ions, therefore, number of ferric ions present
2 2n
n 
3 3
2n
 Ratio of Fe3+ : O2– = :n = 2 : 3
3
Hence, the formula of ferric oxide is Fe 2O3.
20. (i) Ge is Group 14 element and In is Group 13 element. Hence, an electron deficit hole is created
and therefore, it is p-type,
(ii) B is Group 13 element and Si is Group 14 element. there will be a free electron. Hence, it is n-
type.
21. For FCC, a = 2 2r  2 1.414  0.144 nm  0.407 nm
22. (i) The energy gap between the valence band and conduction band in an insulator is very large
whereas in a conductor, the energy gap is very small or there is overlapping between valence
band and conduction band.
(ii) In a conductor, there is very small energy gap or there is overlapping between valence band and
conduction band but in a semiconductor there is always a small energy gap between them.

23. (i) ccp = fcc. For fcc, a = 2 2 r  2  4.414 125 pm  354pm

(ii) Volume of one unit cell = (354 × 10–10cm)3 = 4.44 × 10–23cm3
1
Unit cells in 1 cm3 =  2.25 10 22.
4.44  10 23
24. Doping of NaCl with 10–3 mol % SrCl2, means that 100 moles of NaCl are doped with 10–3 mol of SrCl2.

10 3
1 mole of NaCl is doped with SrCl2  mole = 10–5 mole
100
As each Sr2+ ion introduces one cation vacancy, therefore, concentration of cation vacancies = 10–5
mol/mol of NaCl = 10–5 × 6.02 × 1023 mol–1 = 6.02 × 1018 mol–1
25. (a) The number of atoms of Carbon per unit cell is 8 in diamond.
(b) The C—C bond is very strong in diamond (due to small size of Carbon) unlike the Zn—S bond in
ZnS.
(c) Though from the same background i.e. with the same structure the property can be different,
thus, with a little effort, we can do same things differently and bring about major changes.

Solution | Workbook - 4 200 The Solid State

Vidyamandir Classes

Daily Tutorial Sheet 1 to 5 Level – 1 | JEE Main

1.(C) Quartz (SiO2) is a covalent crystal.

2.(B) Graphite is an example of covalent solid.
3.(B) Glass is a supercooled liquid, which forms a non-crystalline solid. The common lime-soda glass used for
bottles and jars is a supercooled mixture of sodium and calcium silicates.
4.(C) Iodine is molecular solid because weak van der Waals’ forces is found between its molecules.
5.(C) The phenomenon by which a certain crystalline compound exists in two or more different crystalline
forms, is called polymorphism e.g., CaCO3 occurs in two polymorphic forms, i.e., calcite (rhombohedral)
and aragonite (orthorhombic).
6.(B) Amorphous solids have no orderly arrangement of particles and they are isotropic. It means that their
physical properties have same values in different directions.
7.(D) The truncated octahedron is the 14-faced Archimedean
solid, with 14 total faces : 6 squares and 8 regular
hexagons.
The truncated octahedron is formed by removing
the six right square pyramids one from each point
of regular octahedron as:
8.(C) In fcc  contribution of each atom present at the corner  1 / 8
Contribution of each atom at the face centre = 1 / 2
 1  1
Hence, total number of atoms in fcc   8     6    1  3  4
 8   2 
  
9.(D) The unit cell with dimensions a  b  c,       90 is tetragonal.
10.(C) Crystal system Axial distances Axial angles
Tetragonal a  bc       90

Hexagonal a  bc     90,   120 

Rhombohedral a=b=c       90 
Monoclinic a b  c     90,   90 
11.(C) Number of atoms in unit cell of Na are 2 (bcc). Number of atoms in unit cell of Mg (fcc) are 4.
12.(D) In triclinic lattice, the eight lattice points are located, one each at the corners of triclinic lattice. Also
a  b  c and      .
There is no planes and no axes. Thus, triclinic lattice has no rotation of symmetry.
13.(D) In fcc atoms are present at faces and corners.
Number of atoms in fcc = atoms at corners + atoms at faces of unit cell = (Number of corners ×
contribution by one atom)
 1  1
= 8     6   1  3  4
 8   2 
 
14.(C) The axial angles in triclinic crystal system are different and none is perpendicular to any of the others
i.e.,       90 .
15.(D) 7 types of crystals are possible while they form 14 types of crystal lattices.
Mz
16.(D) Density, d 
N0a 3
where, M = molar mass = 18 g mol–1
N 0  Avogadro’s number = 6.022 ×1023

Solution | workbook-4 201 The Solid State

 Vidyamandir Classes

Volume  a 3  132  10 24 cm 3

18  z
 0.92 
23
6.02  10  132  10 24
 z4

17.(A)

AE  7.2Å  AB  BC  CD  DE
 r   r   r   r   2(r   r )
x M M x x M

18.(D) The arrangement ABC ABC ABC ………….. packing of identical spheres forms cubic close packing.
19.(C) Coordination number of Al in AlCl3 in (solid) crystalline state is 6.
r
20.(C) When coordination number is eight, the radius ration lies between 0.732 to 1.000.
r
21.(A) Since, HI is a covalent molecule and crystallizes in face centred cubic (fcc) structure, HI molecules are
present at the lattice points of the crystal.
22.(A) ZnS has zinc blende type structure (i.e., ccp structure). The S2 ions are present at the corners of the
cube and at the centre of each face. Zinc ions occupy half of the tetrahedral sites. Each zinc ion is
surrounded by four sulphide ions which are placed towards the corners of regular tetrahedron. Similarly,
disposed towards the corner of regular tetrahedron. Similarly, S2 ion is surrounded by four Zn2+ ions.
1
23.(D) A occupies corners, thus number of A atoms per unit cell = 8   1
8
1
B occupies face centres, thus number of B atoms per unit cell = 6   3
2
24.(D) S2– ions in zinc blende occupies fcc lattice points
 The empirical formula of the compound is AB3.
25.(B) There is increase in 0.30Å unit length. This is due to two atoms at the corners.
0.30Å
Thus, r  1.33Å   1.48Å
Rb 2
1
26.(A) Since A atoms are present at the corners of the cube, Number of A atoms per unit cell = 8  1
8
Number of B atoms per unit cell = 1 ( Present at the body centre of the cube)
Hence, the formula of the compound = AB
27.(B) Since atom X is present at corner and one corner is shared by eight unit cells, Number of X atoms per
1
unit cell =  8  1 .
8
Atom Y is present at body centered position and used by only one unit cell. So, number of Y atoms per
unit cell = 1.
Atom Z is present at the centre of each face, so shared by two unit cells, thus, numbers of Z atoms per
1
unit cell =  6  3.
2
Hence, the formula of compound = XYZ3
28.(D) For BCC structure
4   3a
3  4.29 o
r  1.86 A
4
29.(C) 40g  N A atoms  4g  0.1 N A atoms

Solution | Workbook - 4 202 The Solid State

Vidyamandir Classes

2 atoms form 1 unit cell in bcc crystal

0.1  N A
 0.1  N A atoms = unit cells.
2
30.(B) The 8 : 8 type of packing is present in cesium chloride (CsCl). In this structure each Cs+ ion is
surrounded by 8 Cl  ions and each Cl  ions is also surrounded by 8 Cs+ ions.
31.(B) Sodium chloride (NaCl) has face centered cubic structure. It contains 4 Na+ and 4 Cl  in the unit cell.
Each Na+ is surrounded by 6Cl  ions and vice-versa.
32.(A) The unit cell of body centered cube has one atom at each of the eight corners and one atom at the centre
of the body. Thus, the atom at centre remains in contact with 8 corner atoms. Hence, the coordination
number of fcc is 8.
33.(A) The coordination number is 6 : 6 in Na  : Cl  .
34.(D) Zinc blende (ZnS) has ccp arrangement of S2  and Zn2  in alternative tetrahedral sites. The coordination
number of Zn 2   4 and S2   4 in ZnS .
35.(B) In ZnS structure, sulphide ions occupy all (fcc) lattice points while Zn2+ ions are present in alternate
tetrahedral sites.

Fluorite, CaF2 has ccp arrangement of Ca 2 and F O occupies all its tetrahedral voids.

Therefore, there is one Zn2+ ions for every S2 ions.

36.(C) In anti-fluorite structure, the anions are oxide ions. The oxide ions form a face centered cubic array and
the metal ion (cation) fill all of the tetrahedral voids. e.g., Na 2O .
37.(B) In the close packing of ‘n’ atoms, the number of tetrahedral voids are ‘2n’. Hence, their number per atoms
is 2.
38.(C) Given, A solid has two elements = X and Z
Z are in ccp arrangement and X occupy all tetrahedral sites.
Let the number of atoms of Z in ccp arrangement = 100
 Number of atoms of Z in ccp arrangement = 100
 Number of atoms of X = 200 ( They occupy all tetrahedral sites)
 Ratio of X : Z = 200 : 100 = 2 : 1  The formula of compound is X2Z.
4 4 3
1 r 3 r 
39.(A) 3  3 
3 3 6
a (2r)
1 1
40.(C) Number of Cu atoms at corners = 8   1 , Number of Ag atoms at edge centres = 12  3
8 4
Number of Au atoms at body centre = 1 × 1 = 1  Formula is Cu4Ag3Au.
41.(C) Copper crystallises in fcc lattice.
If, r = radius and a = edge length
a 361
then r   pm = 127.633 pm  128 pm
2 2 2 2
42.(D) End centered unit cells does not exist in cubic crystal system.
R 2
43.(D) Bravais lattices are of 14 types. 44.(C) Packing fraction   0.907
2 3R 2
45.(D) (A) It is a metal deficiency defect. If A+ is missing, charge is balanced by A 2  – Thus correct.
(B) One cation (A  ) and one anion (B ) are missing -a case or Schottky defect-thus correct.
(C) It represents metal excess defect. (Frenkel). A+ (of smaller size) lies in interstitial position-thus
correct.

Solution | workbook-4 203 The Solid State

 Vidyamandir Classes

(D) A larger anion B is in interstitial position. No such crystal exists in which larger anion B  is in
interest site-thus incorrect.
ZM 4  21.76
46.(A) d   0.6708 g cm 2
a 3N A 6.8  10 8  4.4  10 8  7.2  10 8  6.023  10 23
47.(A) Given, r /r  0.55 ; r /r  0.74
Na  Cl  K Cl
rKCl
?
rNaCl
r
Na   0.55
r
Cl 
r
Na   1  0.55  1
r
Cl 
r  r
Na  Cl 
 1.55
r
Cl
r
K  0.74
r 
Cl
r
K  1  0.74  1
r
Cl 
r  r
K Cl   1.74
r
Cl
r  r 1.74
Eq. (ii) divide by Eq. (i) K Cl
  1.1226 .
r  r 1.55
Na  Cl 
48.(D) There are four body diagonals. Atoms on the body diagonals are not shared by any other unit cell.
1
Contribution by atoms on corners = 8   1 and Contribution by atoms on body diagonal = 2 × 4 = 8
8
Hence, total number of atoms = 9
49.(B) Given,
Molar mass, M = 50g/mol
NA = 6.02 × 1023
Z = 2 (for bcc crystal)
Edge length a = 300 pm = 3  10 8 cm
Z M 2  50
d =  6.15  6.2
3 3
NA  a

6.02  1023  3  10 8 
ZM
50.(A) Density () 
a 3  N0
Z  27
2.7 
10 3
(405  10 )  6.023  1023
2.7  (405)3  10 30  6.023  1023
Z   4 = no. of atoms per unit cell.
27
For face centred cubic unit cell, number of atoms are 4.

Solution | Workbook - 4 204 The Solid State

Vidyamandir Classes

51.(A) Relation between radius ratio and coordination number

rc
Coordination number
ra
0.155  0.225 3
0.225  0.414 4
0.414  0.732 6
0.732  1 8
8
52.(B) Edge length, a  3.04 Å = 3.04  10 cm
8 3
3
Volume of bcc (cubic) cell = a = (3.04 10 ) = 2.81  10 23 cm 3
VNd 4.2  8.6  8.3  10 24  6.023  1023  3.3
53.(C) Z  = = 3.84  4
m 155
54.(C) When equal number of cations and anions are missing from their position in a crystal lattice so that
electrical neutrality is maintained, the defect is called Schottky defect. Due to missing of ions, the overall
density of the crystal decreases. Moreover, defect leads to randomness, thus entropy also increases.
1 1
55.(C) P  8   1 ; Q  1  1 ; R  12   3 ; formula  PQR 3
8 4
56.(A) When an ion (generally cation due to is small size) is missing from its normal position and occupy an
interstitial site between the lattice points, the lattice defect obtained is known as Frenkel defect.
57.(B) When equal number of cations or anions are missing from their lattice sites (to maintain electrical
neutriality), then the defect is called Schottky defect. The defect is observed in highly ionic compounds
which have cation and anions of similar size e.g., NaCl KCl etc.
58.(C) Metals are good conductors of electricity due to the presence of free electrons. Electrical conductivity of
semiconductors increases with increase in temperature.
1 7 1
59.(C) A  7  ; B  6
3
8 8 2
Formula  A 7/8B3 or A 7B24
60.(B) Schottky defects – This defect is due to vacancy at a cation site accompanied by vacancy at an anion site
so that the electrical neutrality of the system is maintained. Due to this defect, density decreases.
61.(D) Schottky defect arises when equal number of cation and anions are missing from their sites. This defect
is generally found in ionic compounds like NaCl, KCl, CsCl, etc.
62.(D) Flame colours are due to metal excess defect. What happens that in some ionic crystals, there becomes
an excess of metal atom, which by loosing e , change into ions. These electrons can absorb energy and
go into excited states from ground state. Thus, the absorption of certain wavelength of light takes place
and crystal becomes coloured according to complementary colour. The spaces occupied by extra e are
called F-centres.
63.(B) Doping of silicon with boron leads to p-type semiconductor
64.(C) Due to Frenkel defect, density of a crystal remains unchanged.
65.(D) Frenkel defect is formed by displacement of ion from its lattice site to interstitial state.
66.(B) On adding a pentavalent impurity with germanium, we get n-type of semiconductors because excess of
electrons is responsible for conduction.
67.(D) Diamond has the highest value of energy gap as it is a insulator.
68.(D) Si and Ge are used for making transistors.
69.(B) Nearest neighbours are present at a distance a/2 while next nearest neighbours are present at a distance
a
of
2

Solution | workbook-4 205 The Solid State

 Vidyamandir Classes

70.(C) The lines joining the centres of the anions form an equilateral triangle with angle = 60°
b rX
Thus,  sin 60   0.866
a rX  rM
 rX  0.866 rX  0.866 rM
0.134rX  0.866 rM
rM 0.134
   0.155
rX 0.866
71.(A) Each atom touches four atoms in the layer above it, four in the layer below it and none in its own layer.
72.(B) The arrangement ABC ABC ABC ………….. packing of identical spheres forms cubic close packing.
73.(A) In ccp arrangement for every atom there is one octahedral void and two tetrahedral voids.
74.(B) Radius ratio CN
r
0.414   0.732 6
r
r
0.732   1.00 8
r
Hence use the radius ratio of 0.732 corresponding to the said change over from CN of 6 to CN of 8.
o
Hence cation size is 0.732  1.8  1.3176 A .
75.(D) For BCC, 3a  4r
3  351
r   152 pm
4

Daily Tutorial Sheet 6 to 10 Level – 2 | JEE Advanced Pattern

76.(C) Fraction is expressed in terms of

n  E 
 exp     1.52  10 10
N  RT 
50
Given, E  112.01  103 J mol 1 
100
R  8.313 J mol 1 K 1
T  298K
77.(A) I and III have been doped with pentavalent impurity (P and As). There in one surplus electron that results
in the formation of n-type semiconductor and thus conducting. In II and IV, doping has been done using
trivalent B and Al.
78.(A) In solid state, metal ions of ferromagnetic substances are grouped together into small regions called
domains. Each domain acts as a tiny magnet. In an unmagnetised ferromagnetic substance, domains are
randomly oriented and their magnetic moments are cancelled. In a magnetic field, all the domains are
oriented in the direction of the magnetic field producing a strong magnetic effect and magnetism persists
permanently even after magnetic field is removed.

Thus, both Statement I and II are correct and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I.
79.(B) The formula M0.98O shows that
M : O = 0.98 : 1 = 98 : 100
Then, if there are 100, O2– atoms, then M atoms = 98
Charge on 100 O2– ions = 100 × (–2) = –200

Solution | Workbook - 4 206 The Solid State

Vidyamandir Classes

Suppose M atoms as M2+ = x

Then Ni atoms as M3+ = 98 – x
Total charge of M2+ & M3+ = (+2) x + (+3) (98 – x) = 2x + 294 – 3x = 294 – x
MO.98 O is neutral,
294 – x = 200 of x = 294 – 200 = 94
Magnitude of charge = |– 200 | = 200
94
% of M as M2+ =  100  95.92% and % of M as M3+ = 100 – 95.92 = 4.08 %
98
80. (C) Anti-ferromagnetic substances (as MnO) have following domain arrangements.

These domains are oppositely and cancel out each other magnetic moment and making it zero (even in
the absence of magnetic field).
81.(B) Semiconductors have small energy gap between conduction band and valence band.
On increasing temperature, electron from valence band can jump to
conduction band and thus, electrical conductivity is increased. Thus, both
Statement I and II are correct but Statement II is not the correct explanation
of Statement I.
zM
82.(B) Thus, density can be determined using d 
a 3N0
3.996  40
d(with Vaccance defect)   1.5448 g / cm 3
(0.556  10 7 )3  (6.02  1023 )
83.(B) Nearest neighbours are present at a distance “a” while next nearest neighbours are present at a distance
of a 2 .

84.(D) Volume of a lattice a 3  (4  10 8 )3 cm 3

Molar volume  (4  10 8 )  6.023  1023  38.5 ml
r 1.012
85.(A)   0.513 86.(A) In a 3D H.C.P. , CN. Of atoms = 12
r 1.973
87.(A) Difference in internuclear distance between Nal and Lil
= 0.317 – 0.310 = 0.007 nm
and between NaCl and LiCl
= 0279 – 0249
= (0.030 nm > 0.007 nm)
Thus, iodide-iodide contact of Lil and Nal makes closer approach impossible.
Thus, Statement I and II are correct and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I.
88.(ABC) (a)

Paramagnetic due to four unpaired electron (n) and magnetic moment  n(n  2)BM

n = 0, Magnetic moment = 0
Thus, (a) is correct.
(b) Paramagnetic substance can be magnetized permanently, field in
the same direction hence, weakly attracted thus, (b) is correct
(c) Ferromagnetic substance can be magnetized
permanently, thus, given statement is incorrect.

Solution | workbook-4 207 The Solid State

 Vidyamandir Classes

(d) Substances like MnO Showing anti-

ferromagnetism have domain structure similar
to ferromagnetic substances, but their domain
are oppositely oriented and cancel out each
magnetic moment.
1
89.(B) Number of Na atoms present at each corner = 8   1 , Number of O atoms present at the centre of
8
1
edges = 12  3
4
Number of W atoms present at the centre of cube = 1
Formula of the compound = NaWO3.
90.(A) The schottky defect, cations and anions are missing from the lattice in their stoichiometric ratio, hence
electrical neutrality is maintained.
4  64
91.(B) Theoretical density D   5.82g cm 3 (  Dexp. ) .
N A  a3

Hence the ionic solid have the Schottky defect.

92.(A) Rock salt (NaCl) is fcc types structure,
z=4
M  64g mol 3 ,a  418 pm
Mz 64  4
Theoretical density (d)    5.82 g cm 3
N 0a 3 6.02  1023  (418  10 10 cm)3
Experimental density  4.92 g cm 3
Thus, experimental density << theoretical density.
Thus, there is vacancy in the crystal.
Mass
Density 
Volume
Due to decrease in density molar mass should decrease. This indicates Schottky defect.
Let, Schottky defect be x %
 4x 
Then, z 4  
 100 
d(experimental) = 4.92
 x 
64 1  4
 100 

6.02  1023  (418  10 10 )3
 x   x  3.38
 1   4  3.38  1    0.845
 100   100  4
x
  0.155
100
x 15.5% defect
1  15
93.(D) No. of X atoms Left  4    2  
8  4
 
No. of Y atoms Left  4  (1 1)  3
No. of Z atom Left  8  (1  2)  6
The simplest formula of crystal is X 5 Y4 Z 8

Solution | Workbook - 4 208 The Solid State

Vidyamandir Classes

94.(D) Frenkel’s defect is due to shift of an ion from the normal lattice site (Creating a vacancy) and occupy
interstitial spaces.
2
95.(C) Distance between two layers  (2R ) (See illustration 10)
3
2 2 13
Hence k (2R )  13 R  k 
3 3 2
For maximum no. of layers, the answer is 7.

96.(D) d8 implies Ni2+ and d7 implies Ni3+

Hence 96% ions of Ni2+ and 4% ions of Ni3+ are present
Let x be no. of O2  present in crystal
 96  2  4  3  200x  0 [crystal is neutral]
 x 1.02
So, the formula of crystal  NiO1.02 or Ni 0.98O
r 3
97.(BC)  1  0.225
r 2
Hence it is the limiting case where FCC of cation is not distorted.
So, no of cation surrounding the particular cation = 12. But at the same time 8 anions (present in
tetrahedral voids) touch the particular cation.
98.(ACD) (A) P1 represents on the close packed layer having triangular voids only.
(B) P2 contains location of octahedral voids (edge centres of the unit cell)
(C) P3 contains three octahedral void locations (one at body centre and two at edge centre). Also,
plane P3 contains the body diagonals hence it contains four tetrahedral void location (tetrahedral
voids lie at body diagonal)
99.(C)

1 1 1 1 
No. of A atoms  4 No. of B atoms   2 1 No. of C atoms    4   1  1  2
8 2 2 4 
 
The simplest formula is : AB2C4
100.(ACD) In spinel O 2  froms FCC unit cell where Mg2+ is present in tetrahedral voids and Al3+ is present in
two octahedral voids. So 50% octahedral voids are occupied and 1/8th i.e. 12.5% tetrahedral voids
are occupied.
1
101.(B) No. of A atoms   8 1
8

Solution | workbook-4 209 The Solid State

 Vidyamandir Classes

1  1  
No. of B atoms    2     12   4 
2  4  
   
 [Refer objective Worksheet-7]
1  
No.of C atoms    4   (1  4)  6 
2 
  
The formula of given solids is AB4C6
102.(A) Case I : If tetrad axis passes through the face centres were B lies, then :
1 
No. of B atoms  4    2   3
2 
 
The formula of compounds left is AB3C6
Case II : If tetrad passes through the face centres where C lies, then
1 
No. of C atoms left  6    2   5
2 
 
The formula of compound left is AB4C5
103.(A) There are 8 effective tetrahedral voids out of which 4 are occupied (one at each body diagonal) and 4
effective octahedral voids such that one is not filled (body centre). So, 7 out of 12 are filled i.e. 58%
104.(A) Si has FCC structure and Si atoms are present in alternate tetrahedral voids. So the total number of
atoms = 8
(no. of atoms)  (mass of one atom)
density 
volume of unit cell
8  (28.08  1.66  10 27 ) kg
density   2330kgm 3
(5.43  10 10 )3 m 3
rc 1.22
105.(B)   0.976  Hence Ga lines in Body centred or Cubic void where
ra 1.25
3a  2(rc  ra )  a  2.852
r
106.(B) Zn 2   0.44
rS2 
With a radius ratio of 0.44, one might expect the Zinc (II) ions to occupy octahedral voids : however, the
r
value of 0.44 is only slightly larger than hole  0.414 for an octahedral hole. There is also some
r
covalent character in the Zn 2  S2  interaction, which tends to shorten the inter atomic distance.
Experimentally, one find that the Zinc (II) ions occupy tetrahedral holes.
3a
 r 2   r 2   a  5.635Å
4 Zn s

107.(B) Let volume of unit cell = V

4 
Volume occupied by atoms = 0.68 V ; n  r 3   0.68V
3 
 
Also, 2r  2.86 Å  r 1.43 Å
n  (mass in amu)  1.66  10 27 kg 0.68  m  1.66  10 27
density   870   m  93 amu
V 4
 (1.43)3  10 3
3
27
(no.of Sn atoms)  (118.7  1.66  10 )  (no. of Cu atoms)  [63.54  1.66  10 27 ]
108.(B) 7717 
(3.903  10 10 )3
276.4  n Sn (118.7)  n Cu (63.54)  4.35 = 1.86 nSn + nCu  n Cu  n Sn  0.188
n Sn
Hence, atomic fraction   0.05
n Sn  nCu

Solution | Workbook - 4 210 The Solid State

Vidyamandir Classes

109.(A) Look at corner atom of FCC unit cell. A corner atom can support 8 unit cell. In each cube, at a distance
3
of a from corner atoms, there is a tetrahedral void, it implies each atom is surrounded by eight
4
tetrahedral voids. At the centre of edge there is an octahedral void. Each corner can support six edges
and hence it is surrounded by six octahedral voids.
110.(C) The next nearest neighbours to Cs+ are Cs+ of neighbour unit cell which are 6 in number.
0.015
111.(C) The volume available 
7.5  10 3
0.015
(no. of unit cells)  [400  10 12 ]3   no. of unit cells  3.125 10 22
7.5  103

abc 2
112.(B) Ratio  
 3  3 3
6 a2   c
 4 
 
c 2 2
Note :  for an ideal HPC (see illustration 10)
a 3

Na
113.(D) No. of atoms  Na  No. of unit cells  [ 4 atoms in each unit cell]
4
Na 6.023  1023
Volume of 1 mole lattice   (400  10 12 )3 m 3  9.64 mL
 volume of unit cell 
4 4
114.(B) A tetrahedral void in FCC is formed by 3 face centre atoms and one corner atom. In total, 8 such
tetrahedrons are possible (Refer section – 8).
(No.of formula units)  [Molecular weight of compound]  1.67  10 27 kg
115.(D) density 
Volume of unit cell
24
2[2  24  16]  1.67  10 gm
d  4  62  1.67 g / cc  414.16g / cc
8 3
(10 cm)
Note: Frenkel defects do not change the density of the crystal
r 1.69
116.(AC) Cs   0.867
r 1.95
Br 
Hence Cs+ lies in the “body centre or cubic void” where co-ordination no. of Cs+ is 8.
CsBr has BCC type structure with Br  forming simple cubic lattice and Cs in the void. Let edge
2
length of the unit cell = a. We have, 3a  2 r   r   a 
Cs Br 3
 
(1.69  1.95)  4.2 Å

117.(AD)

Hence A and D

Solution | workbook-4 211 The Solid State

 Vidyamandir Classes

a
118.(C) 3 and 4 are touching each other where centre to centre distance
2
1 and 2 are not touching each other.
a
1 and 3 touching each other where centre to centre distance
2
a
2 and 4 touching each other where centre to centre distance
2
Note: Every face centre atom touches every other face centre atom provided it is not the opposite face
centre atom in a FCC unit cell.
119.(B) Na+ lies in the octahedral void formed by Cl  (Na+ touches all six Cl  )

 r   r 
120.(B) For a given radius of anion (R), we have    
R  
 oct  R td
 Hence, the size of octahedral void is larger than that of tetrahedral void.
121.(D) For n-type, impurity added to silicon should have more than 4 valence electrons.
122.(D) Mg is a metal, so electrical conductor due to presence of freely moving e .
123.(A) Correct order is, Metal >> Insulator due to energy gap between valence band and conduction band.
124.(CD) Antiferromagnetic substances, unpaired electrons present in but actually they process zero net
magnetic moment because alignment of dipoles are compensatory.
125.(AC) Amorphous solids are called super cooled liquid and pseudo solids because arrangement of particles
are irregular.

Daily Tutorial Sheet 11 Numerical Value Type for JEE Main

126.(5) AB has rock salt structure A : B  1 : 1 i.e. FCC structure (Z = 4) and formula weight of AB is 6.023Y
1
g having closest distance (between A B)  Y 3 nm. Therefore, edge length of unit cell
2 r A
r
B   2 Y
1/3
 10 9
m

4  6.023Y  10 3
Density of AB   5Kg m 3 .
3
6.023  10 23
 2Y 1/3
 10 9

127.(216.5) Let ' Z ' be the number lattice points per unit cell.
o
 Density of the metal whose M  75g mol 1 and a  5 A is given by

Solution | Workbook - 4 212 The Solid State

Vidyamandir Classes

ZM Z  75
d  ; 2
3 3
NA a  
6  1023 5  108 
On solving, Z  2
 The metal has BCC unit cell in which
4r  3a
1.732  5  100
r pm  216.5
4
4
128.(62) Volume of one atom of Ar  r 3
3
1.65
Also, number of atoms in 1.65g or one ml   6.023  1023
40
4 1.65
 Total volume of all atoms of Ar in solid state  r 3   6.023  1023
3 40
4 22 3 1.65

3

7

 1.54  10 8  
40
 6.023  10 23  0.380 cm 3

Volume of solid argon  1 cm 3

1  0.380 
 % empty space    100  62%.
1
129.(269) Since NaCl has fcc structure, therefore, KF has also fcc structure and thus, its rank is 4. Again, in a
face centred cubic lattice the distance between the cation and anion is equal to the sum of their radii,
which is equal to half of the edge length of the unit cell. That is,
a
r  r  ….(i)
2
The edge length is calculated by the formula
ZM
a3  ….(ii)
  Av.No.
We know:
Z  4, M  58g mol 1

  2.48g cm 3, Av. No.  6.023  10 23 mol 1

On substituting the known data in equation (ii), we get,
4  58
a3 
2.48  6.023  10 23
 155.318  1024
a  5.375  108 cm  5.375  1010 m
  537.5  10 12 m  537.5 pm
On putting the value of a in equation (i), we get,
a 537.5
r  r    268.7  269pm.
2 2
130.(12) The given planes will form an fcc lattice where coordination number of a lattice point  12 .
131.(6) Next nearest neighbours of Cs  in CsCl structure are at a distance of edge length.
 Number of next nearest neighbours of Cs  6.
2a 2 o
132.(2.87) Closest distance    4.07  2.87 A 133.(0.73)
2 2
2  Edge length 4  144
134.(407.3) rcrystal  for fcc unit cell.  Edge length   407.3 pm.
4 2

Solution | workbook-4 213 The Solid State

 Vidyamandir Classes

1
135.(8) Effective number of carbon atoms present at corners  8 1
8
1
Effective number of carbon atoms present at face centers  6  3
2
1
Effective number of carbon atoms present in tetrahedral holes  8   4.
2
 Total number of effective carbon atoms present in a unit cell of diamond is 8.
r 100
136.(682.84)   0.414
r 241.2
r  must be in octahedral voids. Therefore, it is NaCl type crystal.

 
a  2 r   r   2 341.42  682.84 pm.
 
137.(12) 138.(25.93%)
ZM 4  58.5
139.(1.79)     1.79g / cc
N AV  a 3 6.023  1023  (6  10 8 )3
140.(6) It is evident from figure that B occupies octahedral voids and thus coordination number is six.

Daily Tutorial Sheet 1 to 2 JEE Main (Archive)

a 3 4.3  1.732
1.(A) Distance between Cs and Br     3.723Å
2 2
2.(A) In 3D HCP CN = 12 for identical spheres.
3.(A) Ideally A = 4, B = 4; after removing all the face center atoms along a line A = 3 B = 4
 formula is A 3B4

4.(D) Number of unit cell in bcc is 2 and in fcc is 4. 5.(D) because graphite having layord structure.
6.(A) Mass of one unit cell  V  d (V is volume, d is density)  a 3  d
n  at. wt.
Also, density
a 3  av. no.
a 3  n  at. wt. n  at. wt.
 Mass of one unit cell  
3 av. no.
a  av. no.
4  58.5
 (n = 4 for cubic shape)
6.02  1023
1
 38.87  10 23 g   2.57  10 21
No. of unit cell in 1g 
38.87  10 23
7.(B) These defects are created when one +ve and one –ve ion are missing from their respective positions.
V  N0  d 4.2  8.6  8.3  10 24  6.023  1023  3.3
8.(C) Z   3.84  4
M 155
Thus, composition of substance  AB3 .
1
9.(A) Effective number of corner atom (A)  8  1 X
8
1
Effective number of face centred atom (B)  6  3  Y
2
4  4  16 3
10.(D) V  n   r 3   4   r 3   r 11.(D) For bcc lattice, co-ordination number is 8.
3  3  3
   
12.(A) Number of atoms of Y = 4

Solution | Workbook - 4 214 The Solid State

Vidyamandir Classes

2
Number of atoms of X  8
3
Formula of compound will be X 4 Y3
13.(A) For fcc unit cell
4r  2a
2  361
r  127pm
4
14.(B) Packing fraction of cubic close packing and body centred packing are 0.74 and 0.68 respectively.

15.(D) For fcc arrangement 2(r   r  )  edge length

2(110  r  )  508

So, r   144 pm
1
16.(C) Effective number of A atoms  8 1
8
1 5
Effective number of B atoms   5 (One is missing) 
2 2
Therefore formula is A1B5/2  A 2B5

3  351
17.(D) For BCC, 3a  4r  r   152 pm
4
18.(B) The formula M0.98O shows that
M : O = 0.98 : 1 = 98 : 100
Then, if there are 100, O2– atoms, then M atoms = 98
Charge on 100 O2– ions = 100 × (–2) = –200
Suppose M atoms as M2+ = x
Then H atoms as M3+ = 98 – x
Total charge of M2+ & M3+ = (+2) x + (+3) (98 – x) = 2x + 294 – 3x = 294 – x
MO.98O is neutral,
294 – x = 200  x = 294 – 200 = 94
Magnitude of charge = | –200 | = 200
94
% of M as M2+ =  100  95.92% and % of M as M3+ = 100 – 95.92 = 4.08 %
98
19.(B) Other form molecules crystals.
20.(A) In FCC distance of closest approach between two atoms  2r
In FCC, atoms are in close contact along face diagonal of FCC unit cell.
2a  a 
 4r  2a  2r   
2  2
 
1
21.(C) A   8 1
8
(Corner)

22.(C) 2(r r )  3a
Cs Cl 
1
B  6 3
2
(Face centre) ∴ AB3

Solution | workbook-4 215 The Solid State

 Vidyamandir Classes

4.29  3
23.(A) 4r  3a r   1.86Å 24.(B) CrO2 is metallic and ferromagnetic.
4
25.(B) For fcc,
Then b  4r  2a
4r a
a   2 2r  r 
2 2 2
Therefore, distance of closest approach
a a
 2r  2  
2 2 2

26.(A) In Frenkel defect the cation will displace from its lattice point to an interstitial sites.
27.(C) Quartz is used as a piezoelectric material. It conducts electricity when subjected to mechanical stress.
ZM
28.(B) d for fcc Z  4
N A  a3
4  63.55 422
d 23 3 8 3
 d gcm 3
6.023  10  x  (10 ) x3
29.(D) A 2 B3 is in HCP lattice
If lattice formed by B then number of tetrahedral voids per B atom = 2
2 1
Fraction of TVs filled  
6 3
If lattice formed by A then number of tetrahedral voids per A atom = 2
3
Fraction of TVs filled 
4
kg 4M 3
30.(A) 9  103
m3

6  10 23 mole1
2 2   10 30 m 3

9  6  16 2  10 4
M  305.4  10 4  0.03054 kg mol 1
4
31.(A) For Triclinic a  b  c [cell parameters]       90 [angles]
32.(D) For bcc lattice 3a  4r
Let the radius of sphere which fits at the edge centre in R.
r  2R  r  a
4r
 2r
a  2r 3 a  3 a  2 2a  3 a
R   ,  0.0679
2 2 4 22
2
33.(C) Let number of B atoms = N
N
Number of atoms of A 
2
Number of oxygen atoms = 2N
A:B:O
N
: N : 2N
2
1
:1: 2
2
1:2 : 4
AB2O4 is the formula

Solution | Workbook - 4 216 The Solid State

Vidyamandir Classes

1
34.(B) cos  
3
3a
The distance of corner atom tetrahedral void along body diagonal =
4
3a 1 a
Component along any side =  
4 3 4
 a a a
a    
 4 4  2

35.(D) Simple cubic = 1
B. C. C. = 2
F.C.C. = 4 ratio  1:2:4
 4   4 
 zeff  rA3    z eff  rB3 
 3   3 
 A  B
36.(C) P.F. 
a3

 
2 rA  rB  3a

 2  rA  2rA   3a

 2 3rA  a

4 4 4

 P.F. 
1
3
rA3 
3
 8rA3  

9 
3  
3
8  3 3rA 83 3 2 3


P.F   100  90%
2 3
37.(C) Interstitial compound are almost inert. 38.(B) AgBr shows both Frenkel and Schottky defects.
39.(A) ZnS, SiC are covalent solids and hence they have high melting point.
Hg being a metal conduct electricity in liquid state.
CCl 4 is non-polar having low melting point and is non-conductor in both liquid and solid state.

Daily Tutorial Sheet 1 to 2 JEE Advanced (Archive)

1.(1.86Å) In bcc arrangement of atoms: 4r  3a , atoms on body diagonal remain in contact.

3a 3  4.29
 r   1.86 Å
4 4
3a
2.(A) Body diagonal  3a  2r  2r r r 
Cs  Br  Cs Br  2
 Θ
Distance between Cs and Br is
Body diagonal 3a 3  43
   3.724
2 2 2
3.(26%) The given arrangement: ABABAB ……… represents hexagonal close-packed unit cell in which there are
six atoms per unit cell.
Also volume of unit cell 24 2r 3 .
Volume occupied by atoms
 Packing fraction 
Volume of unit cell

Solution | workbook-4 217 The Solid State

 Vidyamandir Classes

4 1
 6 r 3   0.74
3 24 2r 3
 Percent empty space = 100(1 – 0.74) = 26%

4.(7.3g/cm3) In bcc unit cell, 4r  3a

3a 3
 r(Cr )    287 pm  124.3 pm
4 4
NM
Density of solid 
N A .a 3
N = Number of atoms per unit cell, M = Molar mass
a3 = Volume of cubic unit cell, NA = Avogadro’s number
3
2  52g  1 
    7.3g / cm 3
6.023  10 23  2.87  10 8 cm 
N
5(1.26) Density 
a3
3 3
d1 N1  a 2  4  3 
       1.26
d2  
N 2  a1  2  3.5 

6.(A) The number of nearest neighbours is 12.

7.

(A) Face (B) face diagonal plane (C) diagonal plane

8.(D) AB has NaCl-type structure (fcc systems)
 Number of A atoms
1 1
8  (corner)  (per corner share) + 6 (faces)  (per face centre share)
8 2
 1  3  4 / unit cell
Number of B atoms
1
= 12 (corner)  (per edge centre share) + 1 (body centre)
4
i.e., O h void = 1 + 3 = 4/unit cell
Number of A atoms removed (face-centred atom of one axis)
1
= 2 (faces)  (per face centre share) = 1/unit cell
2
Number of A atoms left = 4 – 1 = 3/unit cell.
Formula  A 3B4

1
9.(C) A atoms :  6  3 (centre of each face)
2
1
B atoms :  8  1 (corners)
8
Formula : A 3B

Solution | Workbook - 4 218 The Solid State

Vidyamandir Classes

10.(1.125 per cm2)

Fig 1 Fig 2

2-D square packing 2-D hexagonal close packing

Maximum no. of spheres of 10mm diameter in The maximum number of spheres
2-D square packing of 10mm diameter 2-D hexagonal
1 1 close packing
= (9  1)  (12  )  (4  )
2 4 1
 (14  1)  (8  )  18
 9  6  1  16 2

According to figure 2 :
Total length covered by spheres = 5 + 4(RS) = 5 + 4 (10 sin 60).
Area of square having spherical marbles in it

 (40  40)  1600 mm 2  16cm 2

18
Number of spheres per cm2   1.125
16
11. (i) In rock salt like crystal AB, there are four AB units per unit cell. Therefore, density (D) is
4  6.023y
d
6.023  10 23  8y  10 27
[ a  2y1/3 nm  2y1/3  10 9 m]

 5  103 g / m 3  5kg / m 3
(ii) Since observed density is greater than expected, theoretical density, there must be some excess
metal occupying interstitial spaces. This type of defect is know as metal excess defect.
12.(B) ZnS has zinc blende structure.
ZM
13.(217pm) 
N A a3

N A a 3 2  6  1023  (5  10 8 cm)3
 Z    2(bcc)
M 75
 In bcc,4r  3a
3 3
 r  a   5  10 10 m
4 4
 2.17  10 10 m  217 pm
14.(117pm) In a cubic crystal system, there are two types of voids known as octahedral and tetrahedral voids. If
r1 is the radius of void and r2 is radius of atom creating these voids then
r  r 
 1  0.414 and  1  0.225
r  r 
 2 octa  2  tetra
The above radius ratio values indicate that octahedral void has larger radius, hence for maximum
diameter of atom to be present in interstitial space :
r1 = 0.414 r2

Solution | workbook-4 219 The Solid State

 Vidyamandir Classes

Also in fcc, 4r2  2a

 Diameter required (2r1) = (2r2) × 0.414
a 400  0.414
  0.414   117pm
2 2
15. A – p, s ; B – p, q ; C – q ; D – q, r
Factual
16.(B) There are six atoms per unit cell.
2
17.(A) Area of the hexagon = 6r 2 3 , height of the hexagon = 4r , volume = 24 2r 3
3
18.(D) Since, the packing efficiency is 74%, the empty space is 26%
19.(BC) Schottky defect is usually favoured by a very small difference in the sizes of cation and anion. The
crystal which exhibit Schottky defect shows lower density.
r 2
20.(D) 2L  4r  
L 4
2
2 r 2  1  
Packing efficiency =  2x     78.5% .
L2 2 2  4
 
 1 1  1
21.(B) X  CCP   8    6   4 ; M  4   1  2
 
8 2  4 
 
M2 X 4  empirical formula MX2
22.(A) Using radius ratio for octahedral void (FCC)
r
 0.414  r   0.414  250  104
r
23.(A) Let the formula be MgxAlyO4
By inspection (or by solving 2x  3y  4  2 ) : x = 1, y = 2  MgAl 2O4

 For every 4 O2 ions there are 2 Al 3 ions and 1Mg 2  ion.
and for every 4 O2 ions there are 4 octahedral voids and 8 tetrahedral voids.
2 1 1
 m  and n 
4 2 8
24.(ACD) The co-ordination number in bcc is 8. 25.(BCD) CCP has a packing efficiency of 74%.
The nearest neighbours in the top most layer is 9.
The number of tetrahedral and octahedral voids are 2 and 1 respectively per atom.
The edge length is 2 2 times the radius of atom ( 2a  4r)
z  M0
26.(2) a  400pm ; d  8 g cm 3 ; w  256 g ; d
a3  N A
3

M0 
d  a3  NA


8  400  10 10   6.023  10 23
 77.09 g/mol
z 4
256
Number of atoms   6.023  1023  N  10 24  2  1024  N  1024
77.09
N2
M X
27.(3.00) CCP OHV (octahedral void)
4 4
X  4  3  3  1  3 (Anion)
M  4  3 1  1  1 (Cation)

Solution | Workbook - 4 220 The Solid State