VOCABULARY UNIT 2

NOUN VERB ADJECTIVE ADVERB

success succeed in + V_ing (un)successful (un)successfully

example set an example

medal
medallist

upbringing bring up

finance financial

athlete athletic athletically

challenge challenge challenging = difficult

= hard = tough

leader lead to leading

reaction react to reactive

reactor

delight delight somebody delighted delightedly

delightful delightfully

admiration admire admirable

passion passionate (about) passionately

warning warn (about)

application (form) apply for

applicant

call in sick

responsibility respond (to) (ir)responsible for (ir)responsibly

take on
take over

meet deadlines

go freelance

communication communicate with communicative

reliability rely on reliable reliably

GRAMMAR
PRESENT PERFECT + PAST SIMPLE
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành Thì quá khứ đơn

- Diễn tả hành động gần đây đã diễn ra tại - Diễn tả hành động đã kết thúc tại thời
thời điểm không xác định trong quá khứ. điểm xác định trong quá khứ.

Eg: I have bought a new computer Eg: I bought the computer two years ago

(We don’t know when he bought it => (Two year ago => thời điểm đã được xác
không xác định được thời điểm) định)

- Diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra trong quá - Diễn tả hành động đã kết thúc trong quá
khứ và tiếp tục kéo dài đến hiện tại. khứ.

Dấu hiệu: ever, never, just, already, yet, so Dấu hiệu: yesterday, last night/ week/
far, since, for, recently,… month/ year, ago, then, when, in 2019,….

I. Bài tập luyện tập

Exercise 1: Choose the correct answer
1. I _______ a new dress yesterday.
A. buy B. bought C. have bought
2. They _____ their homework yet
A. have finished B. haven’t finished C. finished
3. I ________ TV last night.
A. didn’t watch B. haven’t watched C. hasn’t watched
4. She ____ married in 2018
A. have got B. has got C. got
5. He ______ to school last week. He was ill
A. hasn’t gone B. went C. didn’t go
6. We ____ the children’s toys yesterday.
A. found B. find C. have found
7. Helen has already ____ lunch.
A. have B. has C. had
8. I didn’t ______ breakfast yesterday.
A. have B. had C. has
9. Ben has just _____ a vase
A. break B. broke C. broken
Exercise 2: Put the verbs in bracket into the past simple or the present perfect
1. I ___________ (not/play) tennis since I was at school but I _____ (be) very good at it back then.
2. A: ______ you ________ (choose) a dress for the party yet?
B: Yes, I _________ (buy) one yesterday.
3. I think our teacher _____________ (forget) about the test! He ______________ (not/ say) anything
about it in the last season!
4. A: __________________ (you/ sell) your house yet?
B: Yes, some people ____________ (see) it last month and _______________ (buy) it.
5. They _______________ (lose) their cat. It ___________________ (run) away last week.
6. __________ Helen ever __________ (try) sushi?
7. __________ you __________ (go) to the wedding last night?
8. I __________ never __________ (be) to Paris
9. This year I ________________ (travel) to Athens 3 times so far.
10. Paul and Judith __________________ (be) married since 1998.
11. __________ you __________ (finish) your homework yet?
12. Last night aunt Betty __________ (come) by. She __________ (tell) us that this summer they are
going to Hawaii.
13. I __________ (visit) many different countries so far. Last summer I __________ (go) to Italy and 3
years ago I __________ (be) in Spain. I __________ (not/ visit) Germany yet.
14. When __________ you __________ (come) to Greece?
15. I __________ (come) in 2007.
16. __________ you __________ (watch) the film E.T. yesterday?
17. They __________ already __________ (leave) the train station
18. How long __________ you __________ (know) Jonathan?
19. I __________ (meet) him in 2009, so I __________ (know) him for 3 years
20. What __________ (happen) to Lucy last night?
21. __________ you __________ (read) “Harry Potter” when you were on holidays?
Exercise 3: Fill in the gaps with “yet, ago, ever, last night, for or since”
1. My father went to Italy five days ____________.
2. He has known her ___________ 2001.
3. Have you _________ seen an elephant?
4. She hasn’t finished her work ________.
5. He has lived in Madrid _______ ten years.
6. We went to bed at 11 o’clock ________.
Exercise 4: Circle the correct item
1. Has Jack gone to school then/ yet?
2. Tonia has sent twenty invitations yesterday/ so far.
3. Tina took a test already/ three days ago.
4. I sent you an email two days already/ ago but you haven’t replied.
5. Helen has already/ yet had her breakfast.
Exercise 5: Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the present perfect
I (1) _____________ (be) a ski instructor for many years now. I (2) _______ (take up) the sport when I
(3) _________ (be) at school. I still remember the first time I (4) ______ (try) to ski. I (5) _________
(slip) on the ice and (6) ________ (break) my ankle. Thankfully, I (7) _______ (not/ have) a serious
accident since then. Last year, I (8) ______ (try) ice-skating for the very first time. I (9) ________ (slip)
on the ice rink a couple of times since then but I (10) ________ (not/ break) anything. Two years ago, I
(11) _______ (take) snowboarding lessons. I (12) _______ (not/ like) it because I (13) ____ (find) it a
little dangerous. I (14) ________ (not/ play) ice - hockey yet. There’s a game tomorrow. I can’t wait to
go!
Exercise 6: Put in the verbs in the correct form
1. We __________________ to the restaurant last night. (go)
2. I __________________ a lot of money last month. (earn)
3. Jenny __________________ yet. (not/ arrive)
4. The people __________________ the latest decisions of their authorities. (not/ like)
5. The kids __________________ their grandparents last Sunday. (visit)
6. __________________ you __________________ the birds in the garden yesterday? (feed)
7. We __________________ this man near our house this morning. (see)
8. We __________________ that problem many weeks ago. (discuss)
9. I __________________ a letter just a few ninutes ago. (receive)
10. They __________________ in London since 1980. (live)
11. Linda is working in this department. She __________________ (work) here for two years.
12. Up to present, John __________________ good work in the class. (do)
13. __________________ their book on my desk last night? (they/ put)
14. He __________________ English at this school for six weeks up to now. (study)
15. Nobody lives in those houses. They __________________ empty for many years. (be)

Exercise 7: Choose either the past tense or the present perfect form in the following sentences
1. Mr. Johnson left/ has left last week for a business trip.
2. Sam lost/ has lost his car keys and can’t get home.
3. The choir sang/ has sung that song a hundred times.
4. The garage had/ has had my car for a week now, and it still isn’t fixed.
5. I complained/ have complained about that problem a dozen times.
6. Last winter,my grandmother fell/ has fallen and broke her hip.
7. Since the train strike began, I drove/ have driven to work every day.
8. I drove/ have driven my wife’s car to work this morning.
9. I’m hungry. I didn’t eat/ haven’t eaten anything today.
10. Grandma visited/ has vistied us last weekend.
11. Look! Tomek broke/ has broken his arm.
12. Sorry, Sir. I forgot/ have forgotten my homework
13. Mrs Ziarko worked/ has worked at this school for 5 years.
14. Uncle Tim was/ has been in hospital since Friday.
15. Did you/ Have you ever read a book in English?
 NGỮ PHÁP CHUYỂN THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH SANG QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN
1. Thì hiện tại hoàn thành và 3 cấu trúc quá khứ đơn tương ứng
Form: (1) S + have/has + not + V3 + for + time
➔ (2) It is + time + since + S + (last) + V-ed
➔ (3) S + last + V-ed + time + ago
➔ (4) The last time + S + V-ed + was + time + ago
Ex: I met one of my friend, Nhi, 2 years ago, but after that I haven’t met she until now.
→ (1) I haven’t seen Nhi for 2 years
→ (2) It is 2 years since I (last) saw Nhi
→ (3) I last saw Nhi 2 years ago (Cách dùng tự nhiên)
→ (4) The last time I saw Nhi was 2 years ago.
2. Cấu trúc for và ago
Form: S + started/began + doing sth + time + ago
 S + have/has + V3 + for + time
Ex: I started learning English 4 years ago.
➔ I have learnt English for 4 years.

3. Cấu trúc câu hỏi khi nào (When) và bao lâu (How long)
Form: When did + S + V?
 How long + have/has + S + V3?
Ex: How long have you learnt English?
➔ When did you start learning English?
4. Cấu trúc The first time và never… before
Form: This is the first time + S + have/has + V3
 S + have/has + never + V3 + before.
Ex: This is the first time I have been to Japan.
=>I have never been to Japan before.
Viết lại câu từ quá khứ đơn sang hiện tại hoàn thành không làm thay đổi nghĩa.
1/ The last time I cooked was 3 years ago. ➔ _____________________________________
2/ When did you bought that bag? ➔ ___________________________________________
3/ I last saw him 2 days ago. ➔ ________________________________________________
4/ I started writing blog 2 months ago ➔ _________________________________________
5/ She began living in Danang when she was a child. ➔ _____________________________
6/ It is 5 years since I last visit my grandparents. ➔ ________________________________
7/ When did you start loving him? ➔ ___________________________________________
8/ The last time I went to bar was 6 years ago. ➔ __________________________________
9/ It’s years since she wrote to me. ➔ ___________________________________________
10/ I last took a bath 2 days ago. ➔ _____________________________________________

Bài tập chuyển đổi thì hiện tại hoàn thành sang quá khứ đơn
1/ How long have you been here? ➔ _________________________________
2/ This is the first time I have seen such a beautiful girl.
➔ ____________________________________________________________
3/ I haven’t gone to school for 4 months because of covid-19.
➔ ____________________________________________________________
➔ ____________________________________________________________
➔ ____________________________________________________________
4/ I have never visited Halong Bay before.
➔ ____________________________________________________________
5/ I haven’t cheated in exam for years.
➔ ____________________________________________________________
➔ ____________________________________________________________
➔ ____________________________________________________________
6/ I have married for 10 years. ➔ ____________________________________
7/ How long have she lived in Danang? ➔ ____________________________
8/ He hasn’t smoked for 2 years.
➔ ____________________________________________________________
➔ ____________________________________________________________
➔ ____________________________________________________________
9/ I have learnt French for 3 years. ➔ ________________________________
MUST - HAVE TO – MUSTN’T – DON’T HAVE TO

Bài 1: Choose the correct answer to complete the sentence.

1: I ................... go to the hospital. I want to meet my old friend for the last time.
A. Have to B. Has to C. Must D. Must to
2: I ................... go to the hospital. I have a meeting with my doctor.
A. Have to B. Has to C. Must D. Must to
3: She ................... get up ealy on Monday. She want to do a lot of thing on this day.
A. Have to B. Has to C. Must D. Must to
4: She ................. get up early on Monday. She will have an important meeting on this day.
A. Have to B. Has to C. Must D. Must to
5: I haven’t phoned my mom for a month. I ................... phone her right after I’ve finished my job.
A. Have to B. Has to C. Must D. Must to
Bài 2: Complete the sentences using have to OR don't have to + the words in the box
ask do drive get up go make make pay show
1. I'm not working tomorrow so I don't have to get up early.
2. Steve didn't know how to use the computer so I had to show him.
3. Excuse me a moment – I ______________ a phone call. I won't be long.
4. I'm not busy. I have few things to do but I ______________ them now.
5. I couldn't find the street I wanted. I ______________ somebody for directions.
6. The car park is free. You ______________ to park your car there.
7. A man was injured in the accident but he ______________ to hospital because it wasn't serious.
8. Sue has a senior position in the company. She ______________ Important decisions.
9. When Patrick starts his new job next month, he ______________ 50 miles to work every day.
Bài 3: In some of these sentences must is wrong or unnatural. Correct the sentences where
necessary.
1. It's later than I thought. I must go. Ok
2. I must work every day from 8.30 to 5.30. I have to work
3. You must come and see us again soon. ..............
4. Tom can't meet us tomorrow. He must work. ..............
5. I must work late yesterday evening. ..............
6. I must get up early tomorrow. I have lots to do. ...............
7. Julia wears glasses. She must wear glasses since she was very young. ..............
Bài 4: Complete the sentences with mustn't or don't/ doesn't have to
1. I don't want anyone to know about our plan. You mustn't tell anyone.
2. Richard doesn't have to wear a suit to work but he usually does.
3. I can stay in bed tomorrow morning because I ______________ go to work.
4. Whatever you do, you ______________ touch that switch. It's very dangerous.
5. There's a lift in the building so we ______________ climb the stairs.
6. You ______________ forget what I told you.It's very important.
7. Sue ______________ get up early, but she usually does.
8. Don't make so much noise. We ______________ wake the children.
9. I ______________ eat too much. I'm supposed to be on a diet.
10. You ______________ be good player to enjoy a game of tennis.
Bài 5: Choose the best option in the bracket to complete the sentences.
1. Yesterday I (must/ mustn't/ had to) finish my English project.
2. He will (must/ have to/ has to) wait in line like everyone else.
3. We (must be/ mustn't / have to) on time for work.
4. We (have to not/ must/ mustn't) forget to take the chicken out of the freezer.
5. If you are under 15, you (have/ must/ mustn't) to get your parents' permission.
6. Your child may (have to/ had to/ must) try on a few different sizes.
7. The doctor (must/ mustn't/ have to) get here as soon as he can.
8. Do you (have to/ must/ mustn't) work next weekend?
9. Bicyclists (mustn't/ must/ has to) remember to signal when they turn.
10. Susan, you (mustn't/ must/ have to) leave your clothes all over the floor like this.
Bài 6: Fill in the blanks with affirmative or negative forms of "must or have to/ has to".
1. You really__________stop driving so fast or you'll have an accident!
2. I can give you my bike, so you__________buy a new one.
3. They__________be in a hurry, because they have got more than enough time.
4. I really__________remember to post that letter before five o'clock.
5. Tomorrow is Sunday. You__________get up very early.
6. This room is a mess. I really__________find time to clean it!
7. You__________wear a tie if you want to go to that restaurant. It's one of their rules!
8. I am broke. I__________borrow some money to buy a car.
9. You__________stop smoking. It is very harmful.
10. Mr. Dickson is travelling abroad this summer, so he__________get his passport soon.
11. All the students__________obey the school rules.