Josielyn L.

Taro
CpE 701

01 Laboratory Exercise 1
Computer Organization Basics

Computer is defined as a device for processing, storing, and displaying information, in

which it has the two types of buses; system bus and I/O bus. The system bus, also called the
memory bus, makes a connection between the CPU and the main memory of the computer that
resides on the motherboard. The system bus and I/O buses are connected through a bridge that
is implemented in the chipset of the processor. In modern computer designs, the control unit is
typically an internal part of the CPU with its overall role and operation unchanged since its
introduction.
a. The main memory is the part of the computer that holds data and instructions for
processing.
b. I/O moves data between the computer and its external environment.
c. The internal bus component in the diagram holds the control unit.
d. ALU performs the computer’s data processing functions.
e. Control unit is utilized to facilitate the transmission of data within the central
processing unit.

2. An article of TurboFuture talks about some of the fundamental functions of a computer. It

includes data input, data processing, information output, and data and information storage.
Every computer is designed with data input as a first function, an activity which is accomplished
via input devices. Data entry is done manually, automatically or both. Manual input is done via
add-on peripherals like the keyboard, mouse and stylus. Input can also be accomplished via
vocal dictation applications and body gestures peripherals like Kinect and biometric devices.
Elsewhere, data input is also done using secondary storage media and networking interfaces.
Data processing is the core function of a computer. Processing involves manipulation of raw
data into before converting it into meaningful information. Usually, data is in raw form, and will
thus undergo processing before dissemination for user consumption. When raw data has been
manipulated by the microprocessor, the outcome is meant to be disseminated for useful
purposes. The output is thus referred to as information and is beneficial to the computer user.
Processed data or information can be, viewed as alphanumeric, images and video via display
hardware, listened to as audio files by use of a speaker, printed as hard copy output onto paper,
printed as 3D models. The fourth and equally very important function of a computer is data and
information storage. After sleepless nights of video and animation creation and editing, the user
wants to have the finished product stored for future dissemination and additional editing.
(Amuno, 2021)

3. Some of the examples of compilers that is compatible with windows operating system are
Visual C++, Green Hills Optimizing Ada Compilers, and PTC ObjectAda. The Visual C++
compiler is the best-supported, most widely used compiler on Windows and, critically, is the
compiler with the best support for Windows' wide range of debugging and diagnostic tools
(Staff, 2018). Green Hills Optimizing Ada Compilers were the first 32-bit embedded compilers
to successfully pass the ACATS validation tests, and are conformance certified by the ACAA.
Green Hills industrial strength Ada compiler family offers powerful new Ada language features
that deliver maximum efficiency and reliability (Retrieved from
https://www.ghs.com/products/ada_optimizing_compilers.html). PTC ObjectAda for Windows,
flagship of the PTC ObjectAda product family, is one of the most popular Ada environments of
all time, providing a large array of specialized tools to meet the expectations of serious
engineers of large-scale projects and the most demanding mission-critical applications
(Retrieved from https://www.ptc.com/en/products/developer-tools/objectada)