A Detailed Lesson Plan in Mathematics

I. Objectives
Upon the completion of this lesson, at least 90% of the student should be able to:
a. Identify the angle of inclination in the given slope.
b. Adapt the procedures in finding the slope and the inclination of it.
c. Draw and locate a point on the graph showing the angle of inclination of the
given slope.

II. Subject Matter

Topic: Slope of the Line
References:
 Felix M. PanopioPh.D, Simplified Analytic Geometry, pp. 63-66
 Julieta G. Bernabe, Advanced Algebra, pp. 38-40
 Retrieved from: http://www.math-only-math.com/slope-of-a-straight-line.html
 Retrieved from: http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/489891/given-
slope-of-the-line-find-inclination
 Retrieved from: http://www.mathwords.com/a/angle_inclination.html
Materials: Graphing board, Graph paper, Ruler
Values/Skills to Develop:
 Critical Thinking, Analytical Thinking, Determination, Patience, Obedience,
Active Participation and Perseverance

III. Procedure

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

A. Routinary Activities

1. Greetings! Good Morning Ma’am!

Good Morning Class – (All student will rise)

2. Prayer
Lead the Prayer - One student will lead the prayer –
(One student will be called) (Other students will follow)

3. Classroom Management

Look around the classroom, observe the

cleanliness and put the scattered papers All students will follow –
under your
chairs then throw it on the garbage can and
arrange your chairs properly –

4. Checking of Attendance

Who are absents in the 1st row, 2nd row, 3rd (One student in a row will stand up
row, …,nth row – to tell whether the row is perfect
(The chairs are arranged in two columns attendance or someone is absent)
and alphabetically arranged by row)
 B. Drill/Unlocking of Difficulty

Who can draw a Cartesian Coordinate y

Plane on the board?
(One student will be called)
x
Make a point on the plane and give the
coordinate of it.
(4 or 5 students will be called)

C. Review

What was our last topic that we had Ma’am the topic that we had
discussed? discussed last meeting is all about
(two students will be selected) identifying the coordinate of the
given points on a plane.

Alright. How can we determine the Ma’am determining the coordinate

coordinate of a point? of a point on a plane was very easy,
(Two or three students will be called) because by simply looking at the
value of the x-axis and y-axis that
corresponds to point in the given
quadrant, you can identify and
determine the coordinate of a point.

Lesson Proper
 Motivation

(The students will make an observation

about the pictures. The students will
share their insights about the pictures
given.)
Vertical line left-right(goes up) horizontal line left-right (goes down)

Look at this pictures, what did you observe? Student 1: Ma’am, I observed that four
What can you say about the pictures? pictures have different directions and
(5 or more students will be called to share their every picture has a slope.
observations) Student 2: I agree to him/her Ma’am,
because as we can see, figure 1 shows a
vertical line.
Student 3: I think figure 2 is a
direction from left going to the right.
Student 4: Picture 3 creates a
horizontal line Ma’am.
Student 5: As we can see in picture 4,
line goes down from left to right.
(Other students will seconded)

Very good class! Students are glad because their

Now that you had differentiated the 4 pictures judgments rely on the teacher’s
and you conclude that it shows different viewpoint. The students got a hint that
lines/directions. Indeed, you determined that the lesson for the day is the slope of the
those pictures are the slope directions. line.

 Presentation
 The slope of the line is the
tangent of the angle of
- What is the slope of the line?
inclination (m = tan ᶿ).

 When the slope is a positive

number, the line goes up to the
- How can you determine whether the right, but if the slope is a
slope of a line can be positive, negative, negative number the line goes
zero or undefined? down to the right. The slope of
any horizontal line is always
zero but when the line is exactly
vertical, it does not have a
defined slope.
 The angle of inclination of a
- What is the angle of inclination of the line is the smallest positive
given below? angle from the positive axis to
the line. If ᶿ is between 0 to
y
90°, the tangent is positive and
the line inclines to the right
while if ᶿ is greater than 90°,
45° the tangent is negative and the
x line inclines to the left.

- How to find angle of inclination?  Since,

m = tan ᶿ
therefore,
ᶿ = tan−1 (m)

- How to calculate the slope of a line?  Let ∆y = Y 2−Y 1 called the

y RISE and X 2 −X 1be called the
RUN. When the slope of a line
Rise is defined as the RISE per unit
x of RUN,

Run rise Y 2−Y 1

that is m = tan ᶿ = =
run X 2− X 1

where, X 1 ≠ X 2.

 Discussion

Slope Direction
The slope of a line can be vertical, The student will graph the positive
horizontal, left to right (goes up) or left to slope looks like,
right (goes down).
 y
- Show the graph of the positive slope on
the board.
x

- What is your idea on what kind of graph

does undefined slope has? Ma’am I think undefined slope is a
vertical line and looks like this,
y

Let’s try this:

Find the slope m and the angle of
inclination of the line through the points Given two points: (-2, 1) and (2, -3)
(-2, 1) and (2, -3). Slope: -1
Solution: Angle of inclination:
Let (-2, 1) be¿) and (2, -3) be¿). m = tan ᶿ
Y 2−Y 1 therefore,
Applying the formula m = , ᶿ = tan−1 (m)
X 2− X 1
ᶿ = tan−1 (-1)
(−3−1) ᶿ = 45°
=
(2−(−2 ))
−4
= -1
4
Given the points and the slope. Sketch the graph
and find the inclination of it.
Guided Practice:
A. Give the corresponding slope and the
possible direction, given the following
angle of inclination:
1. 240° Solution:
1. 240°
Since, ᶿ = tan−1 (m)
and, m = tan ᶿ
by substitution,
m = tan (240°)
2. 180° m = √ 3 → upward
2. 180°
Since, ᶿ = tan−1 (m)
and, m = tan ᶿ
by substitution,
m = tan (180°)
 3. 270° m = 0 → horizontal
3. 270°
Since, ᶿ = tan−1 (m)
and, m = tan ᶿ
by substitution,
m = tan (270°)
m = undefined
B. Find the slope of the line that passes
Solution:
through the points:
1. (1, 2) and (3, 4)
1. (1, 2) and (3, 4)
Let (1, 2) be¿) and (3, 4)be¿).
Y 2−Y 1
Applying the formula m = ,
X 2− X 1
4−2 2
→ =
3−1 2
m=1

 Closure/Generalization

o What have you learned to
discussion?
(Two or three students will
called)
o Any clarifications regarding to
topic? Any reactions? Or
additional information?
our The students will share what they had
learned in the discussion about the
be topic of the day.
our None Ma’am, the discussion was really
any clear for us Ma’am.

 Application
How can you apply the slope in the given
scenario?
Problem:
Mr. Vargas wants to buy fruits in the Ma’am Mr. Vargas chose to turn left
market. The distance from their house to the because he knows that he will arrive to
market when he turn right was 4 km then the market easier but when he turns
he will turn left with the distance of 8 km to right the road was much farther than
reached the market but he use to turn left the other.
from their house so that he will arrived at Since the formula of the slope was
the market earlier. What is the slope of the rise
slope =
road why Mr. Vargas chose to turn left? run
Any idea? given that when Mr. Vargas turn right
the road has a distance run of 4 km and
(The students who think much deeper than 8 km rise to reached the market.
the others will be called first, to get the idea Using the formula of the slope,
of the others.)
rise 8
slope = → slope =
run 4
therefore,
slope = 2
IV. Evaluation
Get a graph paper, and then solve what is asked.
Sketch the graph.
1. Find the slope given the points (3, -
The students will do the assessment
2) and (9, 2).
given by the teacher that assesses what
2. Find the slope m and the angle of
it intense to assess in a short period of
inclination of the line through the
time. —
points (-8, -4) and (5, 9).
3. The inclination of a line is 120°.
What is its slope?
4. Find the slope of the line through the
points (0, -4) and (-3, 1).
5. A line runs through two points: (2, 3)
and (6, 8), find the slope using two
points.

V. Assignment
On a graph paper, sketch the graph and give the slope of the line whose inclination
is,
a. 45°
b. 0°
c. 60°
d. 150°
Reference: Simplified Analytic Geometry, Felix M. Panopio Ph.D., page 67