MABINI COLLEGES, INC.

High School Department

Flora A. Ibana Campus
Kapitan Isko St, Daet, Camarines Norte

Lesson Plan in Mathematics

Grade: 8 Olive & Ebony Quarter: 3rd Quarter

Week: ________________

I. OBJECTIVES TEACHER’S ACTIVITY STUDENT’S ACTIVITY

A. Content Standards The learners will demonstrates key
concepts of linear inequalities in two
variables, systems of linear inequalities in
two variables and linear functions.

B. Performance Standards The learners will is able to formulate and

solve accurately real-life problems
involving linear inequalities in two
variables, systems of linear inequalities in
two variables, and linear functions.

C. Learning Objectives:
Competencies/Objectives  Illustrates a relation and a function;
Write the LC code for  Verify if a given relation is a
each function.
II. CONTENT Relation and Function
III. LEARNING
RESOURCES
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide
pages
2. Learner’s Math Matters , Rex Education
Materials pages Author: Dante S. Salazar
Mar Joseph Q. Fernandez
Talento T. Castro
(p. 135-152)
3. Textbook pages (p. 135-152)
4. Additional
Materials from
Learning
Resources (LR)
portal
5. Iba pang White board, marker, TV and Laptop
kagamitang
Panturo
IV. Procedures
A. Reviewing A. Daily routine
previous lesson or Prayer
presenting the new B. Checking of attendance
lesson C. Motivation

Classify Me!
Class, stay on your seats because we will
have our activity which is entitled
“Classify Me”. Each of you will pick a
piece of paper and each paper has a name
of an object written on it. You will group
the following objects in such a way that
they have common property/characteristics
then write on the right corner of the board
the object and its group in the form (object,
common name). For example, (pen, school
supplies). I will give marker to the two
groups and during the activity, the first
member will do the task then s/he will give
the chalk to the next member. The group
who will finish first the activity will be the
winner. Each member of the group who
wins will earn star sticker.

Is the instruction clear, class?

Then let’s start.
Yes ma’am

(The students will do the activity.)

(notebook, school supplies);

(liquid eraser, school supplies);

(paper, school supplies); (ballpen,
school supplies); (pencil, school
supplies); (iPod, gadgets);
(cellphone, gadgets); (laptop,
Well done, class! gadgets);
Since the group 1 has the shorter time, they (tablet, gadgets);
will be the winner! (digital camera, gadgets);
Clap your hands for their group and for
yourselves because all of you participate.

How many objects can be found in each

column?

Yes, Student1!
Ma’am!
Correct, Student1!

How did you classify the objects? There are 5 objects in each column.

Yes, Student 2!
Ma’am!
Very good, Student2!
We classify the objects based on
 Based on the coordinates you have their characteristics.
formulated, is there a repetition of the
first coordinates?
Ma’am!
Yes, Student3!

What about the second coordinates?

There is no repetition on the first
Correct, Student3! coordinates.

There is a repetition on the first

coordinates.
B. Establishing a Let’s have activity1 entitled
purpose for the “Representing a Relation”.
lesson In this activity, you will describe the
mapping diagram by writing the set of
ordered pairs. The first two coordinates are
done for you. I will just call four
volunteers to do the activity while the
others should try to answer it on their own.
Very good, class!

Set of ordered pairs:

(orchid, flower),
(mahogany, tree),
(rose, flower), (apricot, tree)

It seems that you are already familiar with

ordered pairs.
C. Presenting Our lesson for today is about relation and
examples/instances function.
of the new lesson
Let’s first define what a relation is.
Relation is any set of ordered pairs(x,y).
When you group two or more points in a
set, it is referred to as a relation. When you
want to show that a set of points is a
relation you list the points in braces.

For example, if I want to show that the

points (-3,1) ; (0, 2) ; (3, 3) ; & (6, 4) are a
relation, it would be written
like this:
{(-3,1) ; (0, 2) ; (3, 3) ; (6, 4)}

The set of all first coordinates is called

domain of the relation while the second
coordinates is called range of the relation.

List the domain and the range of the

relation {(-3,1) ; (0, 2) ; (3, 3) ; (6, 4)}
Domain: { -3, 0, 3, 6}
Range: {1, 2, 3, 4}

2. List the domain and the range of the

relation
{(-3,3) ; (0, 2) ; (3, 3) ; (6, 4) ; ( 7, 7)}

Domain: {-3, 0, 3, 6, 7}
Range: {3, 2, 4, 7}

Notice! Even though the number 3 is

listed twice in the relation, you only note
the number once when you list the
domain or range!

Understand?

Aside from ordered pairs, a relation may

be represented in four ways:
1. Table Yes ma’am
x -2 -1 0 1 2
Y -4 -2 0 2 4

2. Mapping diagram

-2 -4
-1 -2
0 0
1 2
2 4

3. Graph

4. Rule or equation.
Notice that the value of y is twice the value
of x. In other words, this can be described
by the equation y = 2x, where x is an
integer from -2 to 2.

Function is the relation in which each

element of the domain corresponds to
exactly one element of the range.

Note: every function is a relation, but not

all relations are function.

Types of Function

1.One-to-one
function
 -2 -4
-1 -2
0 0
1 2
2 4

2.One-to-many
not function

-2 -4
-1 0
0 -2
2 2
4

3.Many-to-one
function

-2 -4
-1
0 -2
1
2 4

Any Question or classification? None ma’am

D. Discussing new Okay let’s have an activity?
concepts and Activity 2
practicing new Which of given tables express a function.
skills #1
Anyone?
Yes?
1. Ma’am!
X 1 1 1 1 1 1
y 2 3 4 5 6 7
2. Not a function
X 2 3 4 5 6 7
y 1 1 1 1 1 1
3. Function
x 10 20 30 40 50 60
y 24 46 27 18 17 38
Function
Okay very good!
Function express as rule/equation
A function is a rule, expressed as a
formula/equation, such that any allowable
value of one variable (independent
variable) corresponds to a unique value of
a second variable (dependent variable).

You have seen that not every set of ordered

 pair defines a function. Similarly, not all
equations with the variables x and y define
a function. If an equation is solved for y
and more than one value of y can be
obtained for a particular value of x, then
the equation does not defined y as a
function of x.

Example:
2
x + y−5=0
2
x + y=5
2
y=− x +5
This a function, you can see that for
each value of x there is only one value of
y. For example, if x=1 then y=−12 +5
y=6
the equation defines y as a function of x

Another example
2 2
2 x + y =7
2 2
y =−2 x + 7
y=± √ −2 x2 +7
This is not a function, as you can see
there is ± symbol shows that for all
values of x, there are two values of y.
For example, IF x=1 then y=± √ −2 x2 +7
y=± √ −2(1)2+ 7
y=± √ −2+7
y=± √ 5
y=+ √ 5
y=− √ 5
Understand?

Yes ma’am
E. Discussing new Activity 3.
concepts and 1. y + x 2=8 Function
practicing new 2. x 2+ y 2=17 Not a function
skills #2
Function expressed by graph
Every graph illustrate a set of ordered
pairs. But not every graph in the x-y plane
represent function. The vertical line test is
the simplest way of determining whether
or not a graph represent a function.

Vertical line test means a graph represents

a function if and only if no vertical line
intersect the graph at more than one point.

Example:
 How about this?
Is this a function?

Function

Function or Not a function

Very good!
F. Developing Complete the following questions and
mastery (Leads to check your answers on the next slide.
Formative
Assessment 3) Identify the domain and range of the
following relations:
1. {(-4,-1) ; (-2, 2) ; (3, 1) ; (4, 2)} Domain: {0, 1, 7}
Range: {-6, 2, -4, 4}
determine the equation expressed y as a
function of x. x= {1,2,3} X=1 x=2 x=3
2. y = 3x + 7 Y=10 y=13 y=16

Graph the following relations and use

the vertical line test to see if the relation
is a function. Connect the pairs in the
order given.
3. {(0,6) ; (3, 3) ; (0, 0)}

G. Finding practical Without noticing we are already using

applications of the concept of relation in real-life situation
concepts and skills like in computing your salary based on the
in daily living number of hours you work, in computing
the amount of your bill depending on the
number of things you buy in the grocery
store, or in computing the amount of your
allowance daily or weekly. From those
data we can make ordered pairs and
describe the relationship between their
 quantities like the more things you buy the
higher the bill or the longer time you work
the higher your salary.

Who wants to have another example for

the application of relation to our daily
living?

Yes, Student2!

When we are buying something in

Very good, student2! the store/grocery.

H. Making Again, what is a relation? Ma’am!

generalizations
and abstractions Yes, Student1! Relation is any set of ordered pairs.
about the lesson
Correct!
The domain of the ordered pair (3,
Given the ordered pair (3, 5) which is the 5) is 3 while the range is 5.
domain and which is the range?

Correct! Ma’am!
Aside from ordered pairs, a relation may
be represented in four ways, what are those
ways?
A relation may be represented in
Yes, Student2! four ways; (1) table, (2) mapping
diagram, (3) graph, and (4) rule.

That’s right! Ma’am!

Who can define a function? A function is a special type of

relation. It is a relation in which
Yes, Student3! every element in the domain is
mapped to exactly one element in
the range. Furthermore, a set of
ordered pairs is a function if no two
ordered pairs have equal
abscissas/x.

Ma’am!
Correct!

If there is a table of values, how can we If there is no repetition in the values

say that it is a function? of x and there is an exactly one
value of y.
Yes, student4!
Ma’am!

Very good!
How can we say that a graph is a function? Using the Vertical Line Test, it
 states that if every vertical line
Yes, Student5! intersects the graph no more than
once, the graph represents a
function.

Very good! Ma’am!

If a relation is represented by an equation,

how can we say that it is a function? A rule or an equation is a function if
Yes, student5! it can be written in the form y=f(x).

Correct!
Very good, class!
It seems that you already understand our
lesson today.
I. Evaluating Get one whole sheet of paper and answer
learning the following. This will serve as your quiz.
Test 1

J. Additional Assignment:
Activities for For your assignment, copy these equations
application or and write your answer in a one whole sheet
remediation of paper.

Determine whether each rule below

represents a function or not.

Prepared by:

Kristine D. Bu~
na
Student Teacher
Checked by:

Dolores Garcia
Cooperating Teacher