5 Department of Education-Region III

TARLAC CITY SCHOOLS DIVISION

Juan Luna St., Sto. Cristo, Tarlac City 2300
Email address: tarlac.city@deped.gov.ph/ Tel. No. (045) 470 - 8180

MATHEMATICS
Quarter 2: Week 7
Learning Activity Sheet
 MATHEMATICS 5
Name: ___________________________________ Date: _______
Section: __________________________________ Quarter 2 – Week 7(W9b,c)

PROPORTION
Background Information:

When two ratios are equivalent, they represent a proportion. But how can we say
that the two ratios are equivalent? What are the steps that we consider in finding out if the
two given ratios are proportion?

To find out, let us study the following examples below.

Example 1: Terms involving proportion

means

2 :4 = 8 : 16

extremes

In each proportion the outer terms (first and last) are called the extremes and the
inner terms (second and third) are called the means.

Proportion can be written in two ways, in fraction form or colon forms.

2 = 4 or 2:3 = 4:6 Both are read as “two is to three

3 6 as four is to six”.

Example 2: We have to ways to find whether the two ratios are proportion, these are:

A. Fraction form - We can say that the two ratios are proportion if their cross
product were equal

2 4 3 x 4 = 12
and
3 6 2 x 6 = 12

The product of two ratios are the same which is 12, therefore they are equal.

B. Colon form - we can say that the two ratios are proportion if the product of the
means and extremes are equal.

5 : 10 = 15 : 30 means 10 x 15 = 150
x Extremes 5 x 30 = 150

The product of two ratios are also the same which is 150, therefore they are
equal.
Example 3: Find the missing term in a proportion

a. Tob. find the

missing term in a
proportion by
colon form,
multiply the
means (10 X 15)
then the product
of the means
(150) will be
divided to the
given extreme
(5) which is
equal to 30.

Therefore, the missing term is equal to 30.

b. To find the missing

5 term in a proportion
𝑁
and by fraction form,
6 12
multiply the
complete pair
5 x 12 = 60 (5 x 12) then the
60 ÷ 6 = 10 product (150) will
be divided to the
given number in
the other pair (6).
The result is 10
Therefore, the missing term is equal to 10.

Direct Proportion is a proportion in which the increase (or decrease) in one of two
quantities results in an increase (or decrease) in the other quantity.

Example 4: Determine if the following situations represent a direct proportion.

a. The table below shows the daily allowance of Ana.

No. of days Allowance

1 20
2 40
3 60
4 80
5 100
Notice that the day’s increases allowance per day is also increases.
1 day 2 days or 2 days = 4 days
20
= 40 40 80
 The ratio of the number of days and the corresponding allowances are equal and
proportion. Hence the situation represents a direct proportion.

b. 8 sewers can make 100 facemasks in 3 days, 6 sewers will also do the same
jobs in 5 days.
The situation DOES NOT
represent a direct
proportion because the
Sewer Days
decrease in the first
8 3 8 sewers 6 sewers column (sewer) caused the
3 days = 5 days second column (days) to
6 5 increase. Moreover, if we
analyze the problem, if less
people will do the same
job, more time is needed to
do it.

Learning Competencies with code

 Finds the missing term in a pair of equivalent ratios. (M5NS-Iii-126)
 Defines and describes a proportion. (M5NS-Iii-127)
 Recognizes when two quantities are in direct proportion. (M5NS-Iii-128)

Activity No. 1: Multiple Choice: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. When two ratios are equivalent, they represent a ____________.

a. Extremes c. Proportion
b. Means d. Ratio

2. _____________ is a proportion in which the increase (or decrease) in one of two

quantities results in an increase (or decrease) in the other quantity.
a. Direct Proportion c. Indirect Proportion
b. Extremes d. Proportion

3. In Fraction form we can say that the two ratios are proportion if their _________ are
equal.
a. cross product b. difference c. quotient d. Sum How can we

4. write “15 is to 20 as 6 is 4” in colon form?

a. 15:20 = 4:6 c. 20:15 = 4:6
b. 15:20 = 6:4 d. 20:15 = 6:4

5. Which of the following is an example of proportion?

a. 2:10 = 3:15 c. 12:18 = 15: 36
b. 7:9 = 8:20 d. 20:30 = 35: 50
Activity No. 2: Complete the table below. Write the following proportion into Fraction form
and Colon form. Choose your answer on the box

5:10 = 6:12 4:2 = 8:4 9:30 = 18:60

7:35 = 21:105 3:6 = 10:20 5:11 = 20:105

5 = 6 3 = 10 4 = 8
10 12 6 20 2 4

9 = 18 7 = 21 7 = 20
30 60 35 105 35 105

Given Fractional Form Colon Form

1. “5 is to 10 as 6 is
12”
2. “3 is to 6 as 10 is to
20”
3. “4 is to 2 as 8 is 4”

4. “9 is to 30 as 18 is
to 60”
5. “7 is to 35 as 21 is
to 105”

Activity No. 3: Put check (/) if the situation shows direct proportion and cross (x) if does
not show direct proportion. Write your answer on the space provided before the number.

____1. Joan bought 10 pens for ₱ 70.00. Jane bought 20 pens for ₱140.00.
____2. 12 men can paint a house in 16 days. 5 men can paint a house in 18 days.
____3. Mike spend 80 load for 5 days. Ronnie spend 160 load in 10 days.
____4. Maine can make 5 basket in one day, and she can make 15 basket in 3 days.
____5. My mother can bake 4 cakes in one day, while my sister Ella kay bake 4 cakes in
2 days.
Activity 4
Summative Test. Fill in the box with the correct symbol. Write (=) when the two ratios
form proportion and write (≠) if the two ratios did not form proportion. Write your Solution
on the space provided for.

1. 5 : 3 9:7 2. 8 : 12 24 : 36

3. 3. 5 : 25 15 : 75 4. 5 10
8 16

5. 4 16
8 32

Activity 5: Find the missing term in the given proportion. Write your solution and answer
on the space provided for.
1. 9 : 40 = n :80 2. 5: 35 = 7 : n
 2. 8 = n 4. n = 30
12 9 15 45

5. 15 = 27
30 n

Reflection:

1. Put a check mark (/) on the blank which corresponds to how well you learned the lesson.

Always Sometimes Never

In this lesson…
I can distinguish if the given ratios are proportion ___ ___ ___
I can solve for the missing term in a proportion. ___ ___ ___
I can say if the given proportion is direct proportion or not. ___ ___ ___
I can follow the activities solve by myself. ___ ___ ___

2. How do we use proportions in everyday life?

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

References:

Angeline P. Lumbre, et.al., 21st Century Mathematics Textbook for Grade 5, Quezon City:
Vibal Group, Inc., 2016, 166 – 174

Michelle S. Sonza, et.al., Math World 5, C & E Publishing, Inc., 2015, 319 – 327
 Writers
Teacher III Teacher III
ANALYN V. BAGALAY / MARIVIC T. PEREZ
Prepared by:
Activity 1 Activity 3
1.c 1. /
2. a 2. x
3. a 3. /
4. b 4. /
5. a 5. x
Activity 2
Fraction Form Colon Form
1. 5 = 6 5:10 = 6:12
10 12
2. 3 = 10 3:6 = 10:20
6 20
3. 4 = 8 4:2 = 8:4
2 4
4. 9 = 18 9:30 = 18:60
30 60
5. 7 = 21 7:35 = 21:105
35 105
Answers’ Key