WHOLE BRAIN LEARNING SYSTEM

OUTCOME-BASED EDUCATION

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2 GRADE

(QUANTITATIVE) 12

LEARNING QUARTER 3

MODULE WEEK 4

WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module SHS - English 12 PR 2 0

 MODULE IN
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2
(Quantitative Research)

QUARTER 3
WEEK 4
Designing a Research Useful in Daily
Life and Writing a Research Title
Development Team
Writer: Teresa A. Cudal Marjorie D. Nolasco
Rei Karlo Ramos Allan Alonzo
Mark Bulong
Editors: Maybellinda Albano Richard Hapa
Jhansen Rey M. Obispo
Reviewer: Adelyn C. Domingo
Illustrator: Wynnelord Rainier E. Tibay
Layout Artist: Wynnelord Rainier E. Tibay
Management Team: Vilma D. Eda Arnel S. Bandiola
Lourdes B. Arucan Juanito V. Labao
Adelyn C. Domingo

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 What I Need to Know

This module provides an understanding of research as an essential tool for acquiring

the necessary knowledge. It is the most reliable way you can begin to understand the
complexity of numerous issues, convey the contents and/or intentions of your study and
provides vital and relevant information discussed throughout the research paper.
As you complete the given lesson and different activities provided in this module, you are
expected to design a research that is useful in daily life and to write a research title.

Content Standard:

The learner demonstrates understanding on the range of research topics in the area of
inquiry, the value of research in the area of interest and the specificity and feasibility of the
problem posed.

Performance Standard:

The learner should be able to clearly formulate the statement of research problem.

Most Essential Learning Competencies:

1. Designs a research used in daily life (CS_RS12-If-j-6).

2. Writes a research title (CS_RS12-If-j-7).

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 What I Know

Pre-Test
Directions: Write the word TRUE if the statement is correct; otherwise, write FALSE. Write
your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Exploration of different issues and methodologies have an admirable outcome for many
aspects of our lives that are far more valuable than what we imagine.
2. Approaching problems from the interdisciplinary point of view and sharing knowledge
gathered in different areas has remained a big challenge to all students.
3. Organization, big or small, will approve or implement any program or action even without a
well-done research backed up by valid and reliable findings.
4. Dedicating our lives to research leads to the acquisition of knowledge and skills.
5. Without research, advancements that have improved some lives and saved others may not
have come to pass.

Lesson
Research Used in Daily Life
1

What’s In

Activity 1. Find it Out

Directions: Identify the five (5) words that are associated with the word research. You look
into the word hunt puzzle to gain clues. Encircle the words in the puzzle. Write your answer in
a separate sheet of paper.

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 R B V K P F A I L N Q L A S
I E J G U F A R I O R U T M
L C A A N A L Y S I S U A N
E S I D E C L A E T D U D E
I N V E S T I G A T I O N O
N I C E R S U G O O D I R E
W E S T U D Y C S R L U C K

What’s New

Directions: From the different topics below, select three (3) that are of importance to you and
align them to your field of specialization. Explain its use in our daily life using 1-3 sentences.
Use a separate sheet for your answer.
Topics:
1. Poverty alleviation 6. Unemployment
2. Homelessness 7. Gender equality
3. Population aging 8. Childcare
4. All forms of violence 9. Traffic situation
5. Environmental protection 10.Health care

What Is It

Research generally speaks about methods and procedures that describe the
increasing natural events, intricate hypothesis, liquids in test tubes, continuous
investigations/experiments to explicate and analyze phenomena. These exploration and
methodologies have an admirable outcome for many aspects of our lives that are far more
valuable than what we imagine.

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Possible Research Topic Related to Daily Life
According to Maker, C. J., & Schiever, S. W. (2010), differentiated content involving
real life topics should address authentic issues, controversies, problems, or provocative
questions inspired by student interests, experiences, questions, and concerns. “Problems
should not be viewed as negative situations to be faced; rather they should be viewed as
catalysts for creative production, challenges to curious and intelligent individuals.”
Age-old problems on poverty alleviation, unemployment, homelessness, gender
equality, population aging, child care, development of the youth, all forms of violence, online
or cybercrimes, the traffic situation, preservation and protection of the environment, livelihood
projects, entrepreneurial ventures, health care, social security, and a lot more have been
investigated from several angles. But seemingly, authorities have come up with the mere
“band aid” solutions, like the government’s Pantawid Pamilya program, for example. To
alleviate the growing menace Metro Manila’s traffic has caused on the people’s sanity, the
economy, the industry, and the like, experiments and more experiments are done each day in
search for the best solutions to these problems. The VAW (Violence Against Women) desk is
a product of extensive research. And so is the final stamp of approval on the senior citizens’
increase in SSS pension. ((Prieto, Naval, & Carey 2017, p. 27)
Approaching problems from the interdisciplinary point of view and sharing knowledge
gathered in different areas has remained a big challenge to researchers. The most innovative
research is the kind that operates on the areas between different disciplines. This gives rise
to a new interactive model whereby practical research raises new theoretical questions which
give rise to further research. (Prieto, et al 2017, p. 27)
Suffice it to say that one of the keys to a better life, health, well-being, individual,
national and global prosperity and well-being is research. No organization, big or small, will
approve or implement any program or action without a well-done research backed up by valid
and reliable findings. ((Prieto, et al 2017, p.28)
For example, where clinical trials are concerned, research is a legal requirement for
pharmaceutical companies to obtain marketing authorization (i.e., permission to sell new
drugs, until they have proved to the relevant authorities that the drug is safe and effective).
Moreover, carefully organized research enables researchers to consider external factors
which might influence research results. For example, before concluding that green tea is good
for x, y, or z, it is important to ensure that the tea drinkers studied do not have something else
(i.e., other than drinking tea) in common such as being more physically active than non-tea
drinkers or being vegetarians, which might equally affect findings. (Prieto, et al 2017, p. 28)

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Deciding on a Research Topic
Prior to making a final decision on your research topic, it is a need to think about on the
following questions as you have done in your qualitative research study:
1. What areas not covered in classroom discussions I would like to explore and to learn
more on my specific track?
2. If I will push through this research study, will it be beneficial to me as a senior high
school graduate, to the community where I belong, to my country and the world?
It cannot be overemphasized that your research project will be worth all the planning,
execution of plans, resources in time, manpower and budget if it will reflect or concretize your
knowledge and skills, as well as attitudes, as a successful senior high school graduate in your
specific track, and if it will contribute to the well-being or progress of the beneficiaries of you
study: (Prieto, et al 2017, p. 28)
o ABM- Accounting, Business Management
o STEM- Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics
o HUMSS- Humanities and the Social Sciences
o Sports
o Technical/ Vocational
o Information and Communication Technology
o Arts and Design
o Technology/ Livelihood/ Entrepreneurship

What’s More

Essay
Directions: Read, analyze, and explain the statement. You will be graded using the rubric
below. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
According to Coryn (2007), research is a “truth-seeking activity which contributes
knowledge, aimed at describing or explaining the world, conducted and governed by those
with high level of proficiency or expertise” (p. 124).

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Rubric for Assessing Essay
CRITERIA 4 3 2 1
Knowledge Demonstrate Demonstrate Demonstrate Demonstrate
Understands substantial adequate limited little scientific
scientific facts, scientific scientific scientific knowledge
procedures, knowledge knowledge knowledge Ideas are
concepts, Ideas are Ideas are Ideas are supported with
principals, supported with supported with supported with weak or no
theories, and strong strong relevant brief supporting
methods. supporting details supporting details
details Appropriate details Little to no use
Precise and use of scientific Some use of of scientific
advance use of terminology scientific terminology
scientific terminology
terminology
Comprehension Able to Able to answer Able to answer unable to
accurately the question, the question answer the
answer the using and using question, with
question, using appropriate some scientific little or no use of
precise scientific terminology scientific
scientific terminology terminology
terminology
Content Shows full Shows good Understand Does not seem
understanding understanding the topic to understand
of the topic of the topic the topic very
well

What I Have Learned

Directions: Answer each question in a clear and organized paragraph. Each paragraph
should include a clear and precise explanation (1–3 sentences) that directly addresses the
question. Use separate sheet for your answer.
1. What is the most important thing you learned today?
2. What questions remain unanswered in your mind about the lesson in this module?
3. How do you think will you use what you learned this time in your everyday life?

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 What I Can Do

CLAIM-EVIDENCE-REASONING TIC TAC TOE ASSESSMENT BOARD:

ARTICLE 1: Why Research is Important
Research means to carefully analyze the problems or to do a detailed study of the
specific problems, by making use of special scientific methods. Research can be done on
any topic, be it medical, non-medical, IT, or anything else. To do research, first, you need
to have a topic or the problem on which you can do research. The topic must have relevant
questions to answer. For research, certain steps must follow like first observation, then
background research then preparing of hypothesis, eventually conducting a simple
experiment.
The main purpose of the research is to get deep into the topic so that something
helpful can churn out, which can be beneficial for everybody and used in a particular sector
like technology, education, or humanity. When planning a research project, a good place to
start is with the big picture view, what are overall goals and objectives, and how will this
research be used to help you achieve them. Knowing how the end results will be used –
and ensuring that this purpose actually supports your overall goals and objectives – will play
a big role in shaping the research itself, but not answering these questions up front can
result in a research project that does not meet your needs. Goals should be realistic and
the quality which you maintain while doing research should always be high so that the
information that you get can be used in certain policies and any future project implications.
Working on a research project will obviously be a challenging and rewarding experience,
provided you put the best of your expertise and skill into it. It is an opportunity that helps
you to pursue an in-depth or deep original study about any topic which interests you. Its aim
is to provide the best of solution to some of the world’s problems and to enhance our
knowledge.
“Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else
has thought.” – Albert Szent-Gyorgyi. Research is what propels humanity forward, it is
fueled by curiosity, we get curious, ask questions, and immerse ourselves in discovering
everything there is to know. Learning is thriving, without curiosity and research, progress
would slow to a halt, and our lives as we know them would be completely different. In simple
words, have you ever thought about how would be the world have been without any

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development of technology or anything? Well, the life people enjoy now or the things that
we do in minutes which earlier looked impossible are all because of the research. New
technology for example, always changes our life very much and takes it to a new level. It is
like the new way of thinking or doing the normal things differently, better, and much faster
with less hassle and at a much affordable rate. Research anyway is not limited to any one
sector but has been done for almost every sector, some of them are technology, healthcare,
defense, precautionary steps against natural calamities and many more. So, research plays
a very important role in our day-to-day life, research is the best and reliable way to
understand and act on the complexities of various issues that we as humans are facing.
“…Aside from the pure pursuit of knowledge for its own sake, research is linked to problem-
solving,” John Armstrong, a respected global higher education, and research professional
write for The Conversation.
Research is important for humankind because of the various factors: 1. Helps in
understanding society; 2. Helps in knowing the culture; 3. For more awareness; 4. For
making the right choices for a career; 5. Knowing the truth; 6. Update about the technology;
7. Differences between good and bad as earlier said, the role of research is important in all
fields, in a similar manner, the importance of research in education is very vital as well. This
is because of various reasons like: 1. It is a systematic analysis; 2. Leads to great
observations; 3. Results in predictions, theories, and many principles; 4. Improving
practices; 5. Develops new understanding related to the learning, teaching, etc.; 6. Helps in
initiating action; 7. Helps in decision making; 8. Brings consistency in the work; and 9.
Motivates others. So, these are some of the benefits that research provides in the field of
education. Knowledge generated by research is the basis of sustainable development,
which requires that knowledge be placed at the service of development, be converted into
applications, and be shared to ensure widespread benefits, Therefore, research is to
improve competences, teaching and learning process because it influences the content and
the process of their thinking, changing attitudes and perceptions and
making educational decision making more intelligent.
Every kind of research, every kind of method has been always useful and gives a
positive result. In case, you find something fishy during the research work, it is advisable
to consult someone superior to you, or some expert. Research is useful in all fields and is
used by all the departments, whether public or private. The research work is done by all
age groups, whether the students or the teachers and even humankind to understand the
society, its rules, and other policies.
Source: https://content.wisestep.com/research-important-students-humans-education/

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 Q1 Why are goals essential
to research projects?
Q4
Explain the role of research
in the advancement of
technology and in education
Q7
How advancement of
technology and education
does affect our daily life?
Q2 What is the
significance of research
to humankind?
Q5
What are the goals of
conducting a research?
Q8
What is an implication of
a research study?
Q3 What can research
contribute to the society and
education?
Q6
Elaborate the connection of
research in Education and
Society
Q9
How do you implement research
goals?

CLAIM-EVIDENCE-REASONING TIC TAC TOE ASSESSMENT ANSWER SHEET:

NAME________________________ GRADE ____________ SUBJECT ____________
DIRECTIONS: You are required to answer the center question no. 5. After answering,
select 2 more to form a straight row or column like in a tic tac toe game (e.g., horizontal for
Questions 4, 5 and 6; vertical for Questions 2, 5 and 8; or diagonal left for Questions 1, 5 and
9 or diagonal right for Questions 3, 5 and 7). Whatever straight line you choose, you will
be answering only 3 questions. Write the number of the questions you are answering. Then
proceed to complete the CLAIM-EVIDENCE-REASONING for each question. For evidence,
you must refer to the article. Use separate sheet for your answer
QUESTION NO. 5: What are the goals of conducting a research?
CLAIM: My answer to the question is
EVIDENCE: The statement in the article that support my answer is…
REASONING: The evidence I chose supports my answer because…
QUESTION NO. ___:
CLAIM: My answer to the question is
EVIDENCE: The statement in the article that support my answer is…
REASONING: The evidence I chose supports my answer because…
QUESTION NO. ___:
CLAIM: My answer to the question is
EVIDENCE: The statement in the article that support my answer is…
REASONING: The evidence I chose supports my answer because…

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 Lesson
Writing the Research Title
2
The title of your study is an essential part of a research paper because it is the
introduction of your work. Thus, a title must be impressive and must catch readers’ attention.

This module will serve as your guide how to write a research title that explicitly describes the
contents of your study and entice people to read further.

What’s In

Directions: Identify a research topic and determine the steps that you will undertake to
complete the given task. Explain your answer. Write your answer on a separate sheet of
paper.
Research topic

Steps Explain the value or importance of the

identified steps

What’s New

Directions: Your task is to write a research title. To contextualize your research title, state
and describe the research. Take off from what you have gathered in your review of literature.
The main body of your research topic should contain the following:

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 • The purpose of the study.
• The central idea that you want to describe, understand, or discover.
• The method by which you plan to collect and analyze.
• The unit of analysis (major entity that you are analyzing in your study).

What is it

A research title or a research project is a product of real-world observations, dilemmas,

wide reading, selective viewing (television programs, films, documentaries videos, etc.),
meaningful interactions with significant others and deep reflection.
The title of research is the research problem or inquiry in capsule form. Great care
must be taken in the formulation of research title. It must clearly reflect the topic of investigation.
It must be original, clear, concise, and specific. (Prieto, et al 2017, p. 29)
As you decide on your research topic, make it a point that it goes with your research
questions. Broad topics lead to nothing so they must be narrowed down to specific ones.

Broad Topics (Broad topics should always be narrowed down.)

The following are examples of broad topics:
• Blended Learning in English Classes
• Presidential Election Results
• Agri-business
• Social Networking
• Vegetarianism
Specific Topics (Specific topics are researchable.)
The following are examples of specific research topics:
• A Correlation Study on the Use of Blended Learning in Freshman English Classes and
Student Achievement
• The Impact of Agribusiness on the Philippine Economy
• Campaign Events and Materials and their Impact on the Presidential Election Results
• The Cause-Effect Relationships of Social Networking and Online Selling
• Effects of Vegetarianism on Physical Health

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Techniques in Narrowing Down a Topic into a Research Question
As seen in Book 1 (Qualitative Research), Neuman (2007) suggests the following
techniques in narrowing down broad topics:
1. Examine the literature. Published articles are an excellent source of ideas for research
questions. They are usually at an appropriate level of specificity and suggest research
questions that focus on the following:
a. Replicate a previous research project exactly or with slight variations.
b. Explore unexpected findings discovered in previous research.
c. Follow suggestions an author gives for future research at the end of an article.
d. Follow suggestions an author gives for future research at the end of an article.
e. Challenge findings or attempt to refute a relationship.
f. Specify the intervening process and consider linking relations.
2. Talk over ideas with others.
a. Ask people who are knowledgeable about the topic for questions about it that they
have thought of.
b. Seek out those who hold opinions that differ from yours on the topic and discuss
possible research questions with them.
3. Apply to a specific context.
a. Focus the topic on a specific historical period of time.
b. Narrow the topic to a specific society or geographic unit.
c. Consider which subgroups or categories of people/units are involved and whether
there are differences among them.
4. Define the aim or desired outcome of the study.
a. Will the research question be for an exploratory, explanatory, or descriptive study?
b. Will the study involve applied or basic research?

Choosing a Topic for a Research Study

Layder (2013) stresses that in choosing a research topic, it is important to select a
topic that interests and motivates you. It should be “doable” with the resources at your disposal
and within the required time frame. Needless to say, the research topic should be focused and
well-defined.
Deciding on a topic also entails being clear about which ones to avoid, especially if you
have little experience as a researcher. Although topics close to your own personal experiences
may be appropriate for small-scale projects, you must not allow personal views, ideas,
opinions ad prejudices cloud your thinking. Research projects must be as objective as possible,
that is, freed from your personal biases or preferences as a researcher.

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 Lastly, you should avoid research topics that involve your making moral judgements
about certain kinds of behavior. (Prieto, et al 2017, p. 31)

The following parameters can be used to help you formulate a suitable research paper
title:
1. The purpose of the research.
2. The narrative tone of the paper.
3. The methods used.

Create a Working Title

Typically, the final title you submit is created after the research is complete so that the
title accurately captures what was done. The working title should be developed early in the
research process because it can help anchor the focus of the study in much the same way the
research problem does. The working title can help you reorient yourself back to the main
purpose of the study if you feel yourself drifting off on a tangent while writing. Source:
(Organizing Academic Research Papers: Choosing a Title, 2020)

The Final Title

Effective titles in academic research papers several characteristics:
• Indicate accurately the subject and scope of the study.
• Avoid using abbreviations.
• Use words that create a positive impression and stimulate reader interest.
• Use current nomenclature from the field of study.
• Identify key variables, both dependent and independent.
• May reveal how the paper will be organized.
• Suggest a relationship between variables which supports the major hypothesis.
• Is limited to 10 to 15 substantive words.
• Do not include "study of," "analysis of" or similar constructions.
• Titles are usually in the form of a phrase but can also be in the form of a question.
• Use correct grammar and capitalization with all first words and last words capitalized,
including the first word of a subtitle. All nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, and
adverbs that appear between the first and last words of the title are also capitalized.
• In academic papers, rarely is a title followed by an exclamation mark. However, a title
or subtitle can be in the form of a question.
Source: (Organizing Academic Research Papers: Choosing a Title, 2020)

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The Subtitle
Subtitles are quite common in social science research papers. Examples of why you may
include a subtitle:
1. Explains or provides additional context, e.g., "Linguistic Ethnography and the Study of
Welfare Institutions as a Flow of Social Practices: The Case of Residential Child Care
Institutions as Paradoxical Institutions."
2. Adds substance to a literary, provocative, or imaginative title, e.g., "Listen to What I
Say, Not How I Vote: Congressional Support for the President in Washington and at
Home."
3. Qualifies the geographic scope of the research, e.g., "The Geopolitics of the Eastern
Border of the European Union: The Case of Romania-Moldova-Ukraine."
4. Qualifies the temporal scope of the research, e.g., "A Comparison of the Progressive
Era and the Depression Years: Societal Influences on Predictions of the Future of the
Library, 1895-1940."
5. Focuses on investigating the ideas, theories, or work of a particular individual, e.g., "A
Deliberative Conception of Politics: How Francesco Saverio Merlino Related Anarchy
and Democracy.
Source: (Organizing Academic Research Papers: Choosing a Title, 2020)

What’s More

The following are broad topics:

1. The Millennials’ Absorption in Their Virtual Worlds
2. The Long Healthy Life of Filipino Centennials
3. A Comparison of Time Spent on Facebook by Adults and Adolescence
4. Online Selling
5. Teleseryes: Mirrors of Positive and Negative Filipino Values?

Directions: Choose three (3) topics and narrow them down into specific titles. Use separate
sheet for your answer.
a. Broad Topic____________________________________________________
Specific Title____________________________________________________

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 b. Broad Topic____________________________________________________
Specific Title____________________________________________________

c. Broad Topic____________________________________________________
Specific Title____________________________________________________

What I Have Learned

Directions: Answer what is asked and explain. Use separate sheet for your answer
The Superintendent wants to know if high school students should take physical
education and health classes in their junior and senior years. Is this a researchable question
as stated? Why or why not? If not, how might you modify it to become one?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________.

What I Can Do

Getting Started: Deciding on a Research Topic

Directions: Determine what is asked in a clear and organized paragraph. Each paragraph
should include a clear and precise explanation that directly addresses the task. Use
separate sheet for your answer.
1. Identify a topic of interest
2. Focus the topic of interest
• My study is about________________________________________________
• In the study, I would like to investigate _______________________________
3. Draft a working title
• My study‘s tentative title is: _______________________________________
4. Evaluate the research topic
• Is the topic researchable? ________________________________________
• Are the data you need available and accessible? ______________________
• Can the topic sustain your interest? _________________________________
• Who will be the target participants of your research_____________________

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 Assessment

Post Test
Directions: Read and analyze each item or situation carefully. Choose the letter of the
correct answer. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Why is it important to consult handbooks, yearbooks, encyclopedias, or reviews in
identifying a research topic?
a. They are primary sources. b. They are readily available.
c. They provide an overview of the issues related to a topic.

d. They avoid reporting statistical data so one can interpret the results more readily.

2. Of the following, which is the most excellent source for research topics?
a. Theory b. Personal experience
c. Replication of prior research d. All of the above

3. One student identified his research topic as "Presidential Election Results." He then
recognized that his topic was too broad. Which of the following have led to that
conclusion?
a. There was far too much written on the topic to understand it all.
b. It was difficult to organize the material he was collecting in an effective manner.
c. The potential problems he began thinking about would be next to impossible to
study.
d. All of the above.
4. Which of the following is considered as broad topic?
a. Body, Health and Lifestyle Issues
b. Friendship and Its impact on a Person’s well being
c. The Impact of Agribusiness on the Philippine Economy
d. Peer-Pressure Dilemmas Faced by Preteens in After School Hours
5. Which of the following is considered as a specific topic?
a. Vegetarianism c. Blended learning in Research classes
b. Agriculture Business d. Effects of Vegetarianism on Physical Health

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 Answer Key

5. TRUE
4. TRUE 5. D
3. FALSE 4. A
2. FALSE 3. A
1. TRUE 2. D
What I Know 1. C
Lesson 1 Assessment

References

BOOKS:

Ma. Lourdes, M and Diana J, (2016) Applied Research: An Introduction to Quantitative

Research Methods and Report Writing. Quezon City, Philippines: Phoenix Publishing
House Inc.

Nelia G.P., Victoria C.N., and Teresita G.C. (2017) Practical Research: Quantitative Quezon
City, Metro Manila: Lorimar Publishing, Inc.

Maker, C. J., & Schiever, S. W. (2010). Curriculum development and teaching strategies for
gifted learners (3rd ed.). Austin, TX: Pro-Ed

ELECTRONIC SOURCES:

Study International (2016, November 10) What is the importance of research in everyday life?
https://www.studyinternational.com/news/importance-of-research-everyday-life/

Cleveland University, Kansas City (2016, April 16) The Importance of Research to Students
https://www.cleveland.edu/blog-post/~post/the-importance-of-research-to-students-
20160418/

Study International (2016, November 25) How does research impact your everyday life?
https://www.studyinternational.com/news/how-does-research-impact-your-everyday-
life/

Organizing Academic Research Papers: Choosing a Title. (2020, September 10)

https://library.sacredheart.edu/c.php?g=29803&p=185911

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 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education-Schools Division of Laoag City

Curriculum Implementation Division (CID)

Brgy. 23 San Matias, Laoag City 2900

Contact Number: (077)771-3678

Email Address: laoagcity@deped.gov.ph