THERE WAS – THERE WERE / TAG QUESTION

(Phase 1, unit 1, day 1)

There was and there were are the past of the verb to be and means: hubo o había
(There was and there were son el pasado del verbo to be y significan: hubo o había)

Mary: Was there a lake with an island in the middle of the park?
Jack: There was a lake, but I didn't see anything else
Mary: What park did you go to? That you didn't see anything

Mary: Were there three oranges in your bag or in Simon´s bag?

Jack: In my bag there was only one orange and I don't see more
Mary: I can't believe that… those oranges were to make the juice

Mary: Weren't there a bunch of people in the concert?

Jack: No, on the contrary… this concert was a total failure
Mary: I think this singer has no fans in this country

Mary: Were there dogs on the street? I need to know

Jack: Yes, there was a dog… but watch out, it looks dangerous
Mary: That's because I don't like this neighborhood

Mary: My house is a mess… I have to fix it

Jack: Why do you say that… What happened to your house?
Mary: Is because there were many people yesterday in my house

Mary: How was the wedding… Was something beautiful or not?

Jack: There weren't any flowers in the ceremony… I didn't like it
Mary: But she told me that the honeymoon will be spectacular

Mary: Did you prepare the fruit salad as I asked or not?

Jack: didn't you know? There weren't any fruit to do it
Mary: Yes, there were a lot of fruit in the kitchen yesterday

Mary: Wasn't there someone who could indicate to you the address?
Jack: If there had been someone… I wouldn't have missed
Mary: There was a person… I’m pretty sure about that
Por favor traduce en interpreta las siguientes historias

The big dream of Jack

-One-day Jack thought… I need fulfill my dream and leave my country and walk the whole world
-That was his great dream for as long as he could remember and his curiosity was getting bigger
-Mother´s Jack knew long before that her beloved son, wanted to leave her and his land
-She in the bottom of her heart knew that far, there was something awaited her son
-She thought maybe in this land there wasn´t nothing good to my son…
-But at the same time… A deep pain dripped Jack´s heart
-As he knew it was possible, that he would never see his mother again
-And if he wasn´t here… Maybe this would be the end for her mother
-But mother´s Jack just wanted her son to live her dream…
-So she made the decision to sell some jewelry and some land…
-To give Jack the money… So that he could begin his journey
-But Jack finally didn´t make his journey…
-As he knew that nowhere in this world he could find a treasure so big. As his mother´s love
-He always there was had the better of his life with him… And that was his mother

There was an old stranger

-In a very distant land there was an old man, who had a great secret
-Everyone in the city said that this old man was immortal and he was around 500-year-old
-He was a man surrounded by a lot of mystery and he hardly ever showed his face to anyone
-And even in the village there were people who blamed this old man, for all what happened there
-But one fine day, this old man disappeared from town forever
-And there wasn´t trace of his presence anymore…
-But then another strange thing happened…
-When the farmer´s son, who lived next to the old man´s chosa…
-Woke up at midnight and told his parents… That the old man has appeared in his dreams
-And told him… That he had to go. But, before that… Left to the boy the power of immortality
-And there was nothing to do… The boy couldn´t ever die
 USED TO – GET USED TO

-When we were used to, we are getting used to or we get used doing something (Cuando estabamos
acostumbrados, nos estamos acostumbrando o nos acostumbramos a hacer algo)

CUANDO ACOSTUMBRÁBAMOS HACER ALGO EN EL PASADO

-Cuando la frase es afirmativa usamos Used to que quiere decir que “Acostumbrábamos hacer algo”
-Cuando la frase es negativa o pregunta utilizamos did y el use to no lleva “d” y el verbo queda en su
forma básica

Affirmative structure: pronombre + used to + verbo simple + complemento

Negative structure: pronombre + did + not + use to + verbo simple + complemento
Question structure: Did + pronombre + use to + verbo simple + complement + ?

Mary: She always used to sweep the street in the morning

David: Yes, she has been used for 10 years

John: I used to go to the U.K. every summer when I was young

Lucy: Me too I used to go to N.Y. every spring

Lucy: I used to live and work in Madrid 10 years ago

David: Where did you live before that?

David: My father used to be vegetarian but my mother not

Mary: I used to be vegetarian but the doctor forbade me

Mary: Did you use to play the piano… Before you move this city?
John: How did you know that?

John: I used to swim in the mornings every day

David: I tried, but never got used to doing that

Lucy: I used to drink coffee at night with my father

John: Instead I used to have coffee in the morning

David: Did you use to run in the afternoon last year?

Mary: No, that was in the mornings
CUANDO NOS ESTAMOS ACOSTUMBRANDO A HACER ALGO…

-Se utiliza el verbo To be -Se utiliza el Used to -El verbo va con gerundio ing
-Para indicar el proceso de estarse acostumbrando a algo se utilizan: becoming y getting

Affirmative structure: pronombre + To be + becoming used to + verbo ing + complemento

Negative structure: pronombre + To be + Not + getting used to + verbo ing + complemento
Question structure: To be + pronombre + getting used to + verbo ing + complemento + ?

Mary: You´ll get used to eat your lunch at 3 o´clock

Lucy: Yes, lunch time is different in my country

John: I never get used to the bad weather in London

David: What is it you don´t like about London weather?

Lucy: He hasn´t got used to wearing that glasses

Mary: Aren´t those glasses to big?

David: It took me ages to get used to having lunch at 12 pm

John: It shouldn´t take that long to get used to

Mary: I got used to riding a bike yesterday… But that was difficult
Lucy: Where did you learn to riding bike?

John: She was getting used to play alone since 2 years ago
David: Why doesn´t she has friends?

Lucy: I´m still getting used to working from home

Mary: Why didn´t you get used to it yet?

David: I´m becoming used to driving a car, instead a motorcycle

John: You will no longer ride a motorcycle?

CUANDO YA NOS HEMOS ACOSTUMBRADO A HACER ALGO…

-Se debe utilizar el verbo To be -Se utiliza el used to para indicar que ya nos hemos acostumbrado
a algo
-El verbo va con gerundio ing

Affirmative structure: pronombre + To be + used to + verbo ing + complemento

Negative structure: pronombre + To be + Not + used to + verbo ing + complemento
Question structure: To be + pronombre + used to + verbo ing + complemento + ?
Mary: Don´t worry… I’m used to taking the stairs
David: Yes, climbing stairs is good for your health

John: I´m used to getting up early every day of my life

David: Definitely that´s a good habit

Lucy: I´m used to having eggs and milk for breakfast

Mary: Do you eat something else for breakfast?

David: Are you used to driving on the right?

Lucy: Yes, in my country everyone does

Mary: I´m used to eating really spicy food in my country

David: At what age did you get used to it?

John: They are used to study and work at night

David: Do they like to study at night?

Lucy: You´re used to eating five times a day

Mary: Is it a good habit or not?

David: I´m not used to take a nap at lunchtime

Lucy: Why not? It´s something delicious
 SHOULD - MIGHT
(Phase 1, unit 2, day 1)

SHOULD: Sirve para describir sugerencias

MIGHT: a. Sirve para describir posibilidad, autorización o permiso de manera formal
b. Might es el pasado y futuro del verbo May y significa: pudo o podría
c. May puede significar: puede, puede que o quizá, pero siempre con una leve duda

Mac: I might have won the lottery, but I didn´t buy the ticket
Steve: You should have bought the ticket like you do every week
Mac: Yes, you should have lent me the money because I didn´t have it

Jane: Following the recommendation of the doctor, you only may eat vegetables
Tylor: When did you hear that he should become a vegetarian?
Jane: Shouldn´t you pay more attention to the people around you?

Ariel: I have been watching the sky for a while and I think it may rain later
Van: They should find an umbrella because indeed it is possible to rain
Ariel: Don´t worry it´s time to go home and we´ll be fine

Mac: Might I visit you in your office tomorrow afternoon?

Steve: Yes you might, but you have to go alone
Mac: What do you think could be the best time to visit you there?

MEETING MY NEW NEIGHBOR

Mark: Hi, I haven´t seen you before… are you my new neighbor?
Jane: Yes, I actually moved here yesterday… What´s your name?
Mark: Nice to meet you, my name is Mark… And your name is?
Jane: I´m Jane… And how long have you been living here?
Mark: I´ve been living here since I was born and I love our neighbors
Jane: By the way, I´m going to have a barbecue. Do you want to come?
Mark: Of course I´ll be there… What do I have to bring?
Jane: Don´t worry… All is on my account and your presence is enough
Mark: Can I bring my wife and children?
Jane: Oooh I thought you were single… bye, it was nice to meet you

MORE CONVERSATIONS
Ryan: Like your teacher, she may know where you can find this information
Lisa: You should ask her for an answer… Maybe she can help you
Ryan: May I be bothering my teacher with that kind of questions?

Bryan: I might go to the pub if you decided to accompany me

Rachel: You might not be with me to avoid problems
Bryan: Shouldn´t you tell me that… have you ever caused me trouble?

Paul: I´ve been sick lately… You should help me a little

Ryan: May I have time to help you? It depends how busy I am
Dilan: If you have to think a lot about it… surely the answer is no

Maria: They love classical music; they may want to go to the concert
Steve: You should advise them to go to the concert
Maria: Ok I might do it if you give them the money for the tickets

Tylor: You tried it, but you may not have been constant
Carl: Why do you say that? You don´t know my commitment
Tylor: You shouldn´t be so lazy if you want achieve things

Peter: If it still hurts you in a while, you may go to the doctor

Brat: Might I go to the doctor without money or insurance?
Peter: That´s the problem? I can lend you some money I you want

Ryan: They might buy that house but they haven´t decided yet
Sack: Isn´t it a bad deal? They shouldn´t buy it
Ryan: This isn´t your business… Just they must decide

Louis: May we go to visit our grandmother? She has been alone lately
Paul: Yes, in fact this is a good opportunity to have a family reunion
Louis: Shouldn´t you invite the rest of the family? That´ll be good

Ryan: As the sales have been improving… Might I hire new staff?
Barth: Yes, you should hire more people, now it is very necessary
Ryan: Ok, if sales keep going up… I will

Dilan: May I stay here in your house for a couple of days?

Candy: Didn´t you think of asking your father first?
Dilan: You shouldn´t reject me… I thought you were and unconditional friend
 HAVE TO – DON´T HAVE TO / MUST – MUSTN´T
(Phase 1, unit 2, day 2)

HAVE TO or DON´T HAVE TO: Pertenecen al presente continuo y significan “Tener que o No tener que”

Steve: If you travel to England… Do I have to get pounds to pay for what I buy?
Jack: Yes indeed, the national currency of England is the pound and you have to pay with it
Steve: But, I don´t always have to pay in pounds, I can also pay by credit card

Robin: You mustn´t give too much importance to this problem… Just relax
Gloria: Don´t you know? I don´t have much time to deal with all of this
Gloria: Have you been dealing with a lot of things lately… Tell me how is that?

Erick: Has your company been going through problems? I know you don´t have money
Mac: Mustn´t you restructure the company and reduce its production costs?
Erick: Really… Do you know the solution to the problem? You have to tell me

Ryan: Do they have to travel to visit their uncle to receive the inheritance?
Steve: Yes If they want to take their share of the inheritance, they must go there
Ryan: But they must not go there without the advice of a lawyer

Mila: Had I been there? No, I have never been there

Rex: You don´t have to remember have been there… Then you were a baby
Mila: Ok, one day you have to tell me this whole story since the beginning

Brat: Mustn´t you notify the office that you´re sick and cannot go?
Bryan: No, they have to solve anything… whether I go or not go
Brat: Do I have to remind you that you can get fired for this kind of things?

Steve: We have been having problems with our neighbor´s dog again
Jack: Yes, we must find a definitive solution soon… You know
Steve: Haven´t we tried to find a solution several times?

ASKING FOR A FLIGHT TICKET

Customer: Good morning… I want to travel some days to Europe… What can you offer me?
Customer service: Yes sir… What´s your budget, how many days and any special destination?

Customer: Yes… I want to travel with my wife for a week, my budget is approximately US 5.000
Customer service: Ok I have a 6 day, 5-night special tour of France, Italy and Greece

Customer: I want accommodation in good hotels and good food

Customer service: Yes sir… We guarantee accommodation in 4-star hotels and special food

Customer: A question… Does this include medical insurance and insurance for loss or theft?
Customer service: Yes and also includes a personal assistant for travel and one-night club outings

Customer: Okay… that sounds great… how much does it cost?

Customer service: This fantastic vacations for you and your wife just cost 5.300 dollars

MORE CONVERSATIONS

Carl: Do you want a long and healthy life? You don´t have to eat junk food
Jane: Yes you must eat healthy… Haven´t you thought about your future?
Carl: Do I have to remind you it all the time?

Nicole: If I have to marry you for your money… I will do it

Rick: But if it weren´t an obligation… Who would you want to marry?
Nicole: Mustn´t you marry a woman for love? Instead of out of interest

Mark: We must get to know people better before letting them into our lives
John: Have you had bad experiences with people you recently met?
Mark: Don´t you notice that this world is getting more and more dangerous?

Dilan: Following your idea… Do they have to drive all day to get there?
Lucia: No, you don´t have to drive all day, it only takes 7 hours
Dilan: It´s the same, if you have to drive 7 hours you lose all day

Loren: Do you want to get a good job? You have to become an expert
Felix: Do you really want to be an expert? You must have good connections?
Loren: Ok, the connections are fine, but if you have no talent… There is nothing

Brat: You must have a good breakfast to have energy to work and study
Bryan: Yes, but besides that you have to sleep well and play sports
Brat: But be careful, you must not exceed your own capacity playing sports

Ryan: You must not give my sister confidence… I tell you

Steve: Why don´t you want me to be near to her… Are you jealous?
Ryan: No, she makes practical jokes and you don't want to be her victim
 WHOSE – POSSESSIVES´S
(Phase 1, unit 3, day 1)

Whose: help us to ask who owns or is the responsible for something

Whose: nos ayuda a preguntar por el dueño o responsable de algo

Mary: I found something in the park… Whose is this?

Jack: This is mine… Where did you find it?
Mary: Then that´s yours… it was abandoned in the park?

Mary: I need to take note… Whose pencil is this?

Jack: It is her pencil, but be careful…
Jack: She is very jealous with her personal things

Mary: Tell me now… Whose black shoes were those?

Jack: Please, calm down… they were your sister´s shoes
Mary: Are you sure that´s the true… i´ll ask to her

Mary: Whose car do you drive, that Ferrari was yours?

Jack: Yes, this car is mine and I also have a Mercedes
Mary: Do you want to give me a ride?

Mary: Whose fault is it? Who lost the money?

Jack: Whose fault is it going to be?
Jack: Of course everything is your wife´s responsibility

Mary: If this business doesn’t work… Whose fault would it be?

Rick: That´ll be your blame… You know that
Mary: That´s why you´re the new CEO and solely responsibly

Mary: Whose house is this? I had never been here

Rick: This house is theirs… You don´t remember my friends?
Mary: Yes, now I remember who they are

Mary: This isn´t mine… Whose computer is this?

Rick: That´s theirs… You always forget everything
Mary: What are you talking about… Who are they?

Por favor traduce e interpreta la siguiente historia

The husband surprised his wife

-María was in her house enjoying a delicious dinner with her husband
-And suddenly her husband dropped a handkerchief
-And immediately María ask her husband… Whose handkerchief is this?
-And her husband couldn´t hide his surprise… and told his wife that he didn´t know who owned it
-He said… I found it in the office bathroom and I saved it to ask tomorrow… Whose it is?
-The wife keeping silence for a moment, ask her husband again… Whose is this?
-Suddenly, the husband takes out of his pocket another handkerchief…
-It just like the one his wife found and it had written…
-I just wanted to know how jealous you were for me... If you still love me
-And then the wife, still a little surprise for the situation tells her husband…
-You know that I have always loved you and I love you forever
-And then the husband… taken out flowers to his bag tells to his wife…
-Me too… I´ll love you forever like was my promise and guess; Whose is my heart?

Mary: Whose bag is this in the table?

Rick: That´s yours… Don´t you remember you bought it last month

Mary: I need to know… Whose picture is this?

Rick: It belongs to your grandfather and you when you were a child

Mary: I don´t know the owner of this cell phone and I want to ask you
Mary: Whose cell phone is this? And I can tell it is so expensive
Rick: Oh my god… you discovered your gift

Mary: Is this yours or not?

Rick: No, that´s no mine… Whose device is this?

Mary: This is a beautiful place…. Whose lands are these?

Rick: I don´t know… I assumed it belonged to your family

Mary: Whose this number in my desk?

Rick: It was your niece who left it there
 OBJECTS PRONOUNS VS SUBJECT PRONOUNS
(Phase 1, unit 2, day 2)

Mary: My brother is a college student, he will graduate next year

Rick: Where is he studying? Which career is his?
Mary: You don´t know? I thought you knew him well

Mary: Will we be at the airport tonight?

Rick: Why, Is there something for us at the airport?
Mary: Yes, our sister arrives tonight since Barcelona whit her husband

Mary: After you meet they at the airport. Can you take them to the hotel?
Rick: And why me? If this is your responsibility and you know that
Mary: You don´t remember? You owe me a favor and it´s time for you to pay me back

Mary: I have a problem with the question 5, please could you help me?
Rick: Of course… Please, tell me what kind of problem do you have?
Mary: It´s just that I have no idea what this questions means

Por favor traduce en interpreta la siguiente historia

You can´t run away from your destiny

-Long time ago in a distant town called San Potier… There was an earl and he wasn´t a happy man
-He always thought he didn´t deserve his life… He only had a dead heart and an empty soul
-Until one-night death hear his whisper and thought that his soul could serve him for something
-But death thought that if he was going to take the life of the earl, he should at least tell him
-But, when the earl learned that the next night death would come to collect his soul…
-Took his best horse and rode all night… and at the next day he continued traveling…
-As far as he could of his town until the next night… But his surprise never could be greater
-When he came to an old hostel and death was standing there…
-And suddenly it looked at him in surprise and death told him…
-What a coincidence… In this moment I was going to look for you to collect your soul…
-But now you´re here… standing in front of me. FIN

Mary: My friends and I are going to a movie. Would you like to join us?
Rick: I´m sorry… I already have a commitment and I can lose it
Mary: When are you available to go to the movies? Let me know

Mary: Should I give this book to him next weekend? Is he his owner?
Rick: Don´t ask me that question, I don´t know whose book it is
Mary: Ok, then I´ll keep the book for now

Mary: I like them because they are always telling funny stories
Rick: Are they always so happy? Or they just pretend to be
Mary: They are definitely the happiest people I’ve ever met

Mary: Weren´t the people in the restaurant angry? Or it just seemed to me

Rick: Yes, people wanted to talk to the manager about the bad service
Mary: What a pity… Wasn´t it an excellent restaurant before?

Mary: I don´t like that dog… It bit me last week on my leg

Rick: Did you have to visit the doctor?
Mary: Yes, I went to the hospital… but luckily it wasn´t serious

Mary: I tried to talk to them this morning, but no one answered the phone
Rick: Didn´t you know if someone was in the house at this time?
Mary: What was that important thing you had to say?

Mary: Call this number if you have any problems… It is my office number
Rick: What time could I call you?
Mary: You can call me whenever you want… If you want

Mary: If you see them… Can you ask them about the status of the project?
Rick: Do you think it´s important for us to know it?
Mary: Don´t you think is important… If the future of our company depends of it?

Mary: When she told him about the importance of the situation he could understand
Rick: Why didn´t he know about this whole situation?
Mary: Has he ever shown interest in this problem? I don’t think so

Mary: Be careful he lied to us before and he may do it again

Rick: Yes, he didn´t work but despite that, he wanted receive payment
Mary: Didn´t I tell you? I don´t want to see this person anymore, in my whole life
 PHRASAL VERBS
(Phase 1, unit 4, day 1)

Phrasal verbs are two or more words that together act as a completely new word, with a meaning
separate from the original words. For example: Pick up signifíca grab o lift

ask [someone] out: ask someone to go out on a date or go out casually

She asked me out, but I don´t know if I should yes

back [x] up: support or defend someone

When the class was making fun of me, only the teacher backed me up

beat [somebody] up: hit a person

An angry guy has beaten up our neighbor for an unknown reason

Blow out: blow something to put it out

She made a wish before to blow out the candles on her cake

Blow up: burst or explode

The pressure cooker blew up suddenly and has destroy my kitchen

break down: stop working, especially when referring to machines

The ice cream machine at McDonalds is always breaking down

break up: when a couple separates

Her parents broke up when she was just five years old

bring it on! challenge or provoke someone

If you think you can beat me, come on bring it on!

bring up: raise people or animals

This child was brought up in a farm in Texas a century ago

bump into [somebody]: meet someone suddenly

Guess who I bumped into when I was touring through Spain

bump into [something]: chocarse con algo

Due I was chatting on my cell phone I bumped into a car on my way to work

butt in: interrupt

Please stop butting in! It´s my turn to talk

call around: contact multiple people

Roy called around to find a nearby mechanic

calm down: relax after an energetic or irritated state

I need a few minutes to calm down after that match

call [x] off: cancel

We called the party off. / We called off the party

care about [somebody or something]: worry about someone or something

He doesn´t care about recycling o set a good environment

carry on: go ahead, go on, continue

The child carried on without his father despite the hazardous path

carry out: llevar a cabo

The cop has been carrying out an investigation into the accident in the factory

catch up: ponerse al día o también: alcanzar o pillar algo o alguien más adelante
-I missed the conference so I need to catch up whit this
-You can go ahead, I will catch up with you later

cheat on [somebody]: cheat or be unfaithful

I would never cheat on you my darling... where did you get that?

check [x] out: verify a person or thing (can sometimes be flirtatious when used in reference to a person)
I’ll check the contract out. / I’ll check out the contract

cheer [x] up: make someone happy, especially if they were previously sad
Speak with you always cheers me up on a rainy day

clean up: be extremely successful in an endeavor, such as business, sports, or gambling

Our hockey team cleaned up at the tournament and went home undefeated

clean up: stop questionable behavior, such as consuming drugs or alcohol

Her boss said she had to either clean up or find a new job

clean [x] up: clean a general area

John cleaned the living room up. / John cleaned up the living room

close down: close permanently

The restaurant had to close down after the inspection

come across: encounter or discover something

Last week I came across a wonderful place to make work out

come around: change an opinion or see a new point of view

I never liked seafood, but came around after trying fried calamari

come between: disturb a relationship

After more than fifty years of marriage, nothing could come between them

come down on: attack or punish harshly

Ever since last month’s accident, police have been coming down on drunk driving

come down to: (reducirse a...) o (bajar a...)

-In the end, it all comes down to how we react to our problems
-Are they coming down to my house this morning

come down with: become sick

After sitting in the rain for hours, Chandra came down with a nasty cold

come in: entrar o pasar

At noon, I saw her coming in Mario´s house with her siblings

come out of: happen as a consequence of another event

We missed a day of school, so at least some good came out of our boring class trip

come over: venirse o pasarse

Would they like to come over for lunch the day after tomorrow?

come up: become the topic of discussion or receive attention

Everyone talked about how much they enjoyed the movie, but the run time never came up in the
conversation

come up: approach or come near

While walking outside the fence, a cow came up right next to me and licked my face

come up: happen or occur, as with an event or situation

Don’t worry about a problem until after it comes up

come up with: think of an idea, especially as the first person to do so, or to produce a solution
Sahar comes up with her best story ideas at night, so she writes them down before she forgets them

count on: rely or depend on

If I’m ever making a mistake, I can count on my friends to warn me

cut down on: reduce the consumption of...

I think you should cut down on garlic... your breath stinks

dive into: occupy oneself with something; to pore over quickly or reach into quickly
I’ll dive into that new TV show later tonight

doze off: quedarse dormido

I was really sleepy, then I was dozed off on the sofa

dress up: wear nice clothes / disfrazarse

-Abed dressed up for the award ceremony
-Halloween is coming... what are you going to dress up as?

drop in: pass by somewhere but without determining an exact time

-I´m really busy right now... can you drop in a bit later?

drop [someone or something] off: left somebody or something

-A bit later could you drop me off at the bus station?

drop out: dejar algo a medias o abandonado

-My university course was so boring! I dropped out it in the first semester
eat out: salir a comer afuera
-He is used to eating out just a couple of days per month

eat up: finish the meal

-As you know... if you don´t eat up your soup there´ll be no dessert

end up: eventually reach some conclusion or get something unexpected

-After thinking for a day, he ended up taking the job
-We ended up walking home because there weren´t taxis

fall apart: break into pieces

My new dress completely fell apart after just two washes

fall apart: suffer from mental or emotional distress

-He endured all kinds of harassment at work without flinching, but completely fell apart when his cat got
sick

fill [x] up: fill something completely

-Bruce filled his wine glass up to the brim. / Bruce filled up his wine glass to the brim

find out: discover or learn

-We’ll have to wait until the next TV episode to find out who the killer is

get [x] across: communicate or explain something clearly

The professor spoke for hours, but didn’t get anything across to the students

get ahead: succeed or progress

You’ll never get ahead at this company unless you follow the rules

get around: travel from place to place

It’s impossible to get around this city without a car

get around to [x]: do something eventually

I’ll get around to fixing the table after the playoffs

get away with: escape punishment or some other unpleasantness

Shirley thought she got away with cheating until the teacher asked her to stay after class

get along with: be friendly with

My dog gets along with everyone as long as they’re not a cat

get at: reach

There’s an itch on my back that I can’t get at

get at: attempt to prove or explain

What these graphs are getting at is that we’ll be bankrupt by next week

get away: escape or depart from

Lucio liked to go to the lake every weekend, just to get away from the city

get away with: escape punishment for a crime or misdeed

The boss’s nephew gets away with much more than any of the other employees

get [x] back: have something returned

Rodger got his pencil back from Greta. / Rodger got back his pencil from Greta

get back at: have revenge on someone

Laila promised herself that she would get back at whomever started the rumor

get by: survive or manage at the bare minimum

When Sheila lost her job, the family had to get by with only their savings

get down: enjoy oneself without inhibitions, especially with music or dancing
Vicente may be overly formal at work, but he sure knows how to get down to hip-hop

get [x] down: depress or discourage someone

Rachel always gets everyone down with her stories from the hospital

get [x] down: record or write something down

The President spoke quickly at the press conference, and reporters were struggling to get all of his
comments down

get down to: begin or start

Once everyone arrives, we’ll get down to picking teams

get in on: join an activity

After Bitcoin started going up, everyone wanted to get in on cryptocurrency

get into: discuss something thoroughly

I don’t want to get into our finances now; we’ll talk after our guests leave

get [x] out of: receive a benefit from something

Babysitting the children was a nightmare, but at least Janelle got some money out of it

get over: recover or overcome

Drinking a lot of water helps in getting over an illness

get through: complete or endure an unpleasant task

Alessandra can’t get through a morning without coffee

get to: annoy or bother someone

People who don’t clean up after their dogs really get to me

get together: have a social event

The volleyball team is getting together for dinner after practice

get up: wake up, raise or stand up

They get up early every day to earn a living

give [x] away: donate something or give something for free

Mindy gave her prized doll collection away. / Mindy gave away her prized doll collection

give up: accept defeat, quit, or surrender

Carin felt like giving up every time she saw the scoreboard.

give [x] up: stop consuming or doing something, often a habit

Minh gave chocolate up for his diet. / Minh gave up chocolate for his diet.

go against: contradict, oppose, or fight against

A group of students went against the school dress code yesterday and wore ripped jeans

go ahead: proceed or move forward

Because of the snow, we can’t go ahead with the festival

go along with: agree with or pretend to agree with

Even though Cedric hated weight lifting, he went along with it because his coach suggested it

go for: try or attempt to achieve something

Carlos trains so hard because he is going for an Olympic gold medal

go on: continue doing something (see keep [x] up)

The boys will go on digging until they hit a water pipe

go over: review or look at again

Marie went over the study guide one last time before the test

hand in: submit (especially an assignment)

The teacher wants us to hand in our essays through email.

hold [x] back: prevent someone from doing something

I wanted to become an architect, but my bad grades held me back.

keep [x] up: continue doing something (see go on)

Keep this pace up and you’ll set a new record!

leave [x] out: omit or disregard

Orna left the graph out of the presentation. / Orna left out the graph from the presentation.

let [x] down: disappoint

Kamal let Marco down when he arrived late. / Kamal let down Marco when he arrived late.

let go of: release or free

Don’t let go of the rope until I’m safe

let [x] in: allow to enter

Close the door or you’ll let the flies in!

let [x] know: tell someone something

Let me know as soon as Leslie texts back

look after: take care of someone or something

Thank you for looking after me when I was sick

look up to: [x]: admire or idolize someone

I looked up to this YouTuber until I read about their scandal
mix up: confuse something with something else
It’s easy to mix up Chris Pine and Chris Pratt.

pull [x] up: retrieve or bring something nearer

Eugene pulled the document up on her computer. / Eugene pulled up the document on her computer

pick up: collect or lift something

Please just pick up the box from the floor and take it to the kitchen

put [x] on: wear or add something to your person or an object

I always put my backpack on before leaving the house. / I always put on my backpack before leaving the
house

put up with: tolerate or condone

Somehow Paz could put up with Janice’s cynical attitude

run out of: use all of or drain the supply of something

Isabella ran out of toilet paper at the worst possible time

see to: make sure something is done

I’ll see to watering the plants while you’re gone

set [x] up: arrange or organize

Since no one invited me to join their study group, I set one up myself

show off: deliberately display abilities or accomplishments in order to impress people

Panya didn’t need to shoot so many three-pointers; she was just showing off

shut [x] off: turn off, especially a machine

Don’t forget to shut the water off after your shower. / Don’t forget to shut off the water after your
shower.

take after: resemble, especially with parents and their children

Li takes after his father when it comes to politics.

take [x] out: move something outside

Please take the garbage out before dinner. / Please take out the garbage before dinner

think [x] over: consider something

When his parents suggested selling his Pokemon cards, Yosef thought it over.

throw [x] away: dispose of something

Could you throw that old burrito away? / Could you throw away that old burrito?

turn [x] down: reject or say “no”

My crush turned me down after I asked them out.

[To be] off: go away or leave a place

I am off! See you next Monday... have a nice weekend my dude

top off: fill something to the top; to complete something in a special or spectacular way
May I top off your beverage?

wait on: serve, especially at a restaurant

Billie eagerly waited on the new table of customers, hoping for a big tip.

Went ahead: in spite of something it continues ahead

The regional director was late, so the sales team went ahead without her

ZERO AND FIRST CONDITIONAL

(Phase 1, unit 4, day 2)

CONDICIONES DEL CONDICIONAL CERO (0):

1. Es usado solo para hechos reales y científicos y solo podemos usar los condicionales: IF y WHEN
2. Tanto la condición (primera frase) como el resultado (segunda frase) deben estar en tiempo presente
3. Solo podemos usar las estructuras afirmativa y negativa (No se utiliza para preguntas)

Affirmative structure: If + sujeto + verbo (presente) + complemento + , + sujeto + complemento en presente

Negative structure: If + sujeto + don´t/doesn´t + verbo (presente) + complemento + , + sujeto + complemento en
presente

Mari: If you pay your sweater in advance, you receive a special accessory like a gift
Ruby: What are you talking about… Does not include this accessory by default?
Mari: No, but If you´re agree, we can give you a special discount for your purchase

Max: If she travels to that country in October, she can meet her uncle and niece
Brayan: I could be traveling with her, but in October I can´t, it be better in September
Brayan: Although If I adjust my calendar, I can travel with her in October

Mom: If you don´t take the time to clean your room, you can´t go out to play soccer
Carol: Hadn´t I fixed my room yesterday? You saw it
Mom: If I don´t watch you all the time, you don´t do anything… It´s not true?

Kevin: If my daughter watches a horror movie, she probably feels nervous when go to bed
Ryan: My son too… If he gets a scare, he gets nervous all day around
Kevin: Do you let your kid watch horror movies or something?

Mari: If the engine is broken, we could have to walk about ten miles
Dilan: Will I walk such a big distance if the motor doesn´t work
Mari: No, if we can´t go by car, I carry you on my back

John: If the night is very cold, the street dogs suffer cold
Harry: Why are you thinking in animals you don´t know at all?
John: Because if they can feel like us, surely they need attention and care

RENTING A CAR

Customer: Hi good morning, can I rent a car here?

Customer service: Yes, if you´re looking for good price and service, you can rent your car here

Customer service: For how many people… If you are more than 4 people, you need a van

Customer: There are four of us… And how much does it cost for 2 days?
Customer service: Ok, if you´re agree with a utility car, this would cost 200 dollars with the insurance include

Customer: Do you have something cheaper or without insurance

Customer service: Yes, without insurance it would cost 160 dollars, but you have to make a deposit of 1.000 dollars

Customer service: Here is the contract… and pass me please your passport, driver´s license and the money

Customer: Ok thank you… If I need your help with something, should I call you?
Customer service: Yes, if you have any problem, you could contact us 24 hours a day

CONDICIONES DEL CONDICIONAL 1 (First conditional):

1. La condición es en tiempo presente (primera frase) pero el resultado (segunda frase) es tiempo en futuro simple
(Will)
2. También se puede incluir el uso de los verbos modales (Can, should, must, could…)

Mari: If she comes early to home today, we will go out to the movies
Steve: What time does she usually gets home?
Steve: I have an idea… If my husband comes early too, we could go out and hang out all together

Rick: If you don´t study hard, you won´t learn what you need for your life
Paul: And If you don´t quite to give advices, I will stop listening you
Rick: And If you don´t change your attitude, you´ll have a lot of problems in the future
Carol: If they start to save money today, in a couple of years they could go on vacations
Martha: Yes, I´ve been telling them the same thing, but they don´t hear
Carol: But if you say that in bad manner, they won´t pay attention never

Ruby: If the weather gets cold, we could wear sweaters

Bob: Are you suggesting to carry sweaters to the beach?
Ruby: If you don´t agree, you could suffer the consequences and be cold

Ruby: If he doesn´t know how to cook well, dinner could be a complete disaster
Steve: What are you saying… he is a professional chef
Ruby: Ok, I am trusting you… but If this goes wrong, it will be your fault

Rick: If we undertake this project, it could be the beginning of better times for us
Charles: Have we enough time to undertake this great project?
Rick: If you stop watching series and play video games, we will have enough time

Steve: If you don´t take the dog out, the dog would poop here in the house
Jack: Don´t worry the dog is polite and never will do it in the house
Steve: If the dog poops here, you will be punished all weekend