Human

Body
UNIT STUDY
 With contributions by jenna Labbe
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 Human Body
TABLE OF CONTENTS
one day sample Lesson 3 The Skeletal System
Teacher’s Guide..................................................... 4
Pre-Reader............................................................. 12
Early Reader .......................................................... 15
Early Elementary.................................................... 21
Upper Elementary................................................. 27
Middle School....................................................... 33
High School.......................................................... 39

Appendix
Cutouts.................................................................... 47

Cursive 53
Human
Body
UNIT STUDY
Human Body
TA B L E O F C O N T E N T S
Note to the Teacher

Lesson 1 Our Amazing Bodies ....................................... 19

Lesson 2 Skin + Cells ....................................................... 24
Lesson 3 The Skeletal System ......................................... 31
Lesson 4 Joints + Muscles ................................................ 37
Lesson 5 The Nervous System 1 ...................................... 44
Lesson 6 The Nervous System 2 ..................................... 50
Lesson 7 Cardiovascular System 1 ................................. 56
Lesson 8 Cardiovascular System 2 ................................. 61
Lesson 9 The Respiratory System .................................. 67
Lesson 10 Your Amazing Mouth .......................................73
Lesson 11 The Digestive System 1 ..................................... 79
Lesson 12 The Digestive System 2 ................................... 85
Lesson 13 The Urinary System ......................................... 90
Lesson 14 Visualizing Vision ............................................ 95
Lesson 15 The Inner Ear .................................................. 101
Lesson 16 The Endocrine System ..................................... 106
Lesson 17 The Lymphatic System ..................................... 112
Lesson 18 Understanding Disease .................................. 117
Lesson 19 Staying Fit ....................................................... 122
Lesson 20 Nutritious Nutrition ......................................... 127

Appendix .......................................................................... 133

Vocabulary
Body System Cards

G AT H E R ‘ R O U N D H O M E S C H O O L ® HUMAN BODY 3
Introduction
Imagine that you are getting ready to build a house. You plan out all the rooms, taking a lot of time to get all the
details right, and then you build the walls with slime or gelatin. Do you think your house would be very strong? It
would probably look funny and fall apart very quickly! Our bodies are made of many parts, and each one has a
specific purpose. Just like a house, our bodies need a hard frame, which is our skeletal system: bones!

skull
mandible
Cervical vertebrae
C l av i c l e
Scapula
Humerus
Sternum
Rib
Ulna
Radius
Thoracic Vertebrae
Lu m b a r Ver te b rae
Ilium
Sacrum
Ischium
Femur
P at e l l a
Tibia
Fibula

What are Bones?

Bones are the hard structures that make up our skeletons—we have 206 of them inside of our bodies. However,
we are actually born with 300 bones; some of these eventually fuse together by the time we become adults.
Bones are actually organs that are made up of bone tissue, which is a type of connective tissue we learned about
with our skin. Bones are made mostly of collagen (which is a protein that gives bones a soft shell) and calcium
phosphate (which gives our bones their strength and also hardens the collagen). This combination allows our
skeletal system to be flexible yet strong enough to tolerate the stress of holding up our bodies.

LESSON 3 6 H u m a n Body
Bones come in many different shapes and sizes. The biggest one is called the femur and is found in your leg
between the hip and knee. This large bone is what carries your body weight, so it has to be very strong. One of
the smallest bones is called the pisiform, which is found in your wrist. It is about the size of a pea!

Why do we have Bones?

Bones help us have shape, but did you know that there are more purposes for them? They support the body and
provide a hard frame for protecting, stabilizing, and preventing injury to the most important organs. Picture a
child who is learning how to walk and think about how many times they tumble in the process. If it wasn’t for
bones, one little fall could cause serious injury. The ribcage protects the lungs and heart, organs we need for
breathing and staying alive. The spine surrounds the spinal cord, which is a delicate part of the body important
for all bodily functions. Bones also allow us to move. Muscles are attached to bones through tendons. There are
also lesser-known functions of bones such as the storing of calcium and phosphate, which allows these minerals to
be there when the body needs them. Blood cells are also created in the marrow spaces found in the middle of long
bones. It’s pretty neat to think of all the ways that our bones help us every single day!

Bones of our Body

Now that we know a little bit about bones, let’s learn some of the ones in
our bodies. Each bone has its own special name that helps us identify it.
Your head has a bone called the skull, or cranium, which is made from eight
cranial bones. The cranium makes a bony helmet that helps protect your
brain from potential injury when you fall or get hit. You also have facial bones
that create the shape of your face, including eyes, nose, and mouth. The
mandible is the movable part of your jaw that helps you chew and talk. Go
ahead and feel along your chin; that is your mandible!

The very bottom of the skull is where the vertebral column, or spine, begins. It may look like a strong
rod, but it is actually a flexible, curved structure that runs from the skull to the pelvis, or hip area,
of the body. It is divided into four different sections. The cervical spine is the neck area of the spine
and has seven vertebrae or bones. If you touch the back of your neck, you can feel something like
knobs underneath your skin. Those are the bones of the vertebrae and they span all the way down
your back. The thoracic spine is the area from the base of the neck to the bottom of the ribs. This
section has 12 vertebrae. Below the thoracic spine is the lumbar spine, which is five vertebrae in the
lower back. At the very base of the spine is the sacrum, which is an area of five fused, or combined,
vertebrae. This is the part that connects to the hips.

Did you Know?

Need an easy way to remember the number of vertebrae in the spine? Think of possible
mealtimes: 7:00 a.m., 12:00 p.m., and 5:00 p.m. This can help you remember how many
vertebrae are in each section. There are 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, and 5 lumbar vertebrae!
Sp i n e
LESSON 3 7 H u m a n Body
The pelvis includes the sacrum and the hip bones, which are the large, flared
bones that you feel when you put your hands on your hips. There are actually
two hip bones called os coxae. The leg begins with the large femur bone, which
runs from the hip to the knee. At the knee you can feel the patella, which is the Knee
bone that moves when you bend your knee. This is because it is only connected
to muscle. The patella protects your knee in the front while allowing you to
kneel without hurting the knee joint. Go ahead and bend you rleg while feeling F o ot
your patella. See how it moves up and down? Below the knee are two bones
called the tibia and fibula—these connect to the ankle and foot bones. There
are many small bones that make up the ankle and foot, but the biggest one is
called the calcaneus, which is the bone in the heel of the foot.

You also have bones in your chest area that together make up the thoracic
cage. When you look at the picture, you can see that it looks like a cage with
bars, keeping something in! This is where the lungs and heart are housed
and protected. There are 12 pairs of ribs that attach to the spine in the back
and circle out toward the front of the body. The top seven pairs attach to the
sternum, a hard bone in the center of the chest. It is also called the breastbone
and looks similar to a dagger. Go ahead and gently tap in the middle part of
your chest; do you feel the sternum? The eighth, ninth, and tenth ribs attach
to the costal cartilage above them. Finally, the last two pairs of ribs are known
Rib as floating ribs because they don’t attach to the front of the sternum. Instead,
Cage these ribs attach to the vertebrae in the back and then are capped with
coastal cartilage on the other end.

What is cartilage?
Cartilage is a type of connective tissue that is found in many places in your body. It connects bones together and
can be found in the joints or hinges of the body as well as in the ears, nose, and throat. Gently tug on your ears or
poke at your nose. That soft and flexible “bone feeling” thing is cartilage!

The final bones in the body are the ones found in the shoulders and arms. The
shoulder may seem fairly simple, but it is actually a very complex area of the body.
The first bone in the shoulder is the clavicle, or collarbone. You can easily feel it
right below your neck running across the front of your body. When you shrug your
shoulders, you can feel the clavicle move, as well. In the back directly opposite the
clavicle are two scapulae, or shoulder blades, which are flat, triangular bones.
You can make these bones stick out of your back when you move your arms in
different ways. The humerus, or upper arm bone, connects from the shoulder to
the elbow. Below the humerus are two bones that make up the lower arm—the
ulna andradius. These two bones spin around each other as you move your hand
to point up or down. Go ahead and hold your lower arm with one hand, and then
rotate that arm slowly. Do you feel the bones spinning? At the end of the arm
are many tiny bones that make up the wrist and hand that allow them to move in
many different ways. Shoulder

LESSON 3 8 H u m a n Body
 Extension activity
What we learned today are just a few of the 206 bones in your body! Research
the names of the bones in your hands and feet. Do they have any specific
purposes or special features that are unique to those parts of your body?

How do bones grow?

During childhood, the long bones—such as the femur, humerus, and even the fingers—grow. This bone growth
is what causes your whole body to get taller. But how exactly do they grow? At either end of these long bones is
something called an epiphyseal plate, which is the growth zone of the bone. Cells in this area are stacked on top of
each other in tall columns. These cells will divide, or split, quickly and push the epiphyseal plate away, causing the
bone to grow longer! When you reach your teenage years, these cells divide less often, and the epiphyseal plate
becomes thinner until it is replaced by hard bone tissue that stops growing altogether.

How do bones Repair Themselves?

Despite how strong bones are, they can be fractured or broken during accidents and traumatic events. In youth
most breaks are the result of twists or smashes to the bone from sports injuries, automobile accidents, and falls.
In old age bones get weaker and fractures occur more easily, most often from falls. Have you ever wondered how
bones repair themselves when they have been injured? There are four steps to bone repair:

When a bone breaks, the blood vessels in the bone and surrounding tissues will tear, as well. This
causes a hematoma, or a large area of blood that pools in one spot, to form at the fracture site.

Within a few days, a soft callus, or hard skin, forms around the break. This acts like a splint to the
broken pieces. New blood vessels form where the old ones were torn.

Osteoblasts, or cells that form bone, work hard to begin laying new bone within the soft callus until it
eventually becomes hard. This usually happens about three-to-four weeks after the injury.

Over time, the area completely fills in with bone and is fully repaired. It takes about two to three
months for a firm bone to form.

9
LESSON 3 H u m a n Body
ASSIGNMENT
Students, it’s time to work in your notebooks! Open your notebooks to today’s lesson and complete the
assignments.

Sources
Marieb, Elaine Nicpon. Human Anatomy and Physiology. San Fransico: Benjamin Cummings, 2001.
“Your Bones.” Nemours Kids Health. Nemours Children’s Health, Accessed September 29, 2023. https://kidshealth.org/en/kids/bones.html.
Whedon, G. Donald and Robert Proulx Heaney. “bone.” Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., September 1, 2023. https://www.britannica.com/science/bone-anatomy.
Newman, Tim. “Bones: All you need to know.” Medical News Today. Healthline Media, February 9, 2023. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320444.

Optional Spelling Words from this Lesson

Early Reader Early Elementary Upper Elementary Middle School
Bone Patella Cartilage Vertebrae

LESSON 3 • D AY AT A G L A N C E • T H E S K E L E TA L S Y S T E M

Hands-on adaptations:
Draw or create bones to add to your human body poster today. You can use construction paper, paint, or any other media. In order to add
muscles tomorrow, only add bones to one side of your body poster. The other side will be left open for the muscles.

Science N O TE B O O K I N G
Today students will color or sketch, work on Upper ELEMENTARY

WHAT’S
vocabulary, and take notes to summarize what they Assignment: Sketch how bones heal, define cartilage, take
learned or what stood out to them. Students can work notes while you listen, and use your notes to write two sentences
G?
HAPPENIN
on the page while they listen or complete it together showing what you learned.
afterward. MIDDLE School
Assignment: Sketch something from the lesson, answer why
we need bones, take notes while you listen, and use your notes
to write a paragraph showing what you learned.
Early reader
Assignment: Color the bones, dictate one interesting thing from the High School
lesson, and then copy it below.
Assignment: Sketch something from the lesson, answer why we
Early ELEMENTARY need bones, take notes while you listen, and use your notes to
Assignment: Color the bones, dictate one interesting thing from the write a journal entry of what you learned.
lesson, and then copy it below.

LESSON 3 10 H u m a n Body
 LESSON 3 • D AY AT A G L A N C E • T H E S K E L E TA L S Y S T E M

Social Studies S y m b o l i s m LA + BIBLE Co p y wo r k + Sp e L l i n g

Today we will discuss the symbolism of the Students will review spelling words and copywork

WHAT ’S human skull and what different symbols

mean. This is a great time to help anxious WHAT ’S verse. Older students can look up the verses in their

PENING?
own Bible, and younger students are given the
PENING?
HAP
students conquer their fear of the skull image.
Even though the skull may symbolize evil to HAP
verse to copy.
some, it does not mean evil. It performs an
important job, keeping the brain safe.
Early reader Early reader + Early Elementary
Verse: Then God said, “Let us make man in our image, after our
Assignment: Draw a line to match the picture to the word it likeness.”—Genesis 1:26a
symbolizes. Spelling: image (Early Reader) and likeness (Early Elementary)
ANSWERS: heart (love), clock (time), lion (courage), owl (wisdom)
Upper Elementary
Early + Upper ELEMENTARY Verse: Then God said, “Let us make man in our image, after our
ANSWERS: heart (love), clock (time), lion (courage), owl (wisdom) likeness. And let them have dominion over the fish of the sea and over
the birds of the heavens and over the livestock and over all the earth
Middle School and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth.”—Genesis 1:26
Assignment: Research and record Christian symbolism for peace, Spelling: livestock
hope, Jesus, and the Holy Spirit.
Middle + High School
High School Verse: Then God said, “Let us make man in our image, after our
Assignment: Research different Christian symbolism and write an likeness. And let them have dominion over the fish of the sea and
essay about what you learned. over the birds of the heavens and over the livestock and over all the
earth and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth.” So God
Science L ab e l t h e B o n e s created man in his own image, in the image of God he created him;
male and female he created them.—Genesis 1:26–27
Today students will label a human skeleton Spelling: dominion (Middle School)

WHAT ’S with some of the bones that they learned in the

lesson. Early Readers will paste labels from the
Reflection: What do you think it means that man has dominion over

PENING?
all the animals of the earth, sky, and waters? (High School)
HAP
appendix, and older levels will write the labels
on the image. Middle and High School will do
this independently, while the younger levels LANGUAGE ARTS W r i t i n g P r o j e c t
may need assistance to find the right bones. The teaching on this page can be read to

WHAT ’S all students at the same time, although the

assignment will be slightly different for each
Early reader + Early Elementary
Assignment: Paste (Early Reader) or write (Early Elementary) labels:
PENING?
HAP
level. Students will begin their writing project
for this unit: writing poetry. Younger students
skull, ribs, femur, humerus, patella, vertebrae, mandible. will attempt to write a poem of a certain length
to begin thinking about how to write poetry. Older students will
Upper Elementary write a lyric poem, which is the same type of poem as they read in
Assignment: Write labels: skull, mandible, vertebrae, ribs, femur, lesson one. Students can choose rhyme or not, depending on their
tibia, fibula, humerus, ulna, and radius. preference. Have them write their poem on a separate sheet of paper
so it can be edited, re-arranged, or adjusted before writing the final
Middle School copy on their student page.
Assignment: Write labels: skull, mandible, vertebrae, ribs, clavicle, Early reader
sacrum, os coxae, femur, tibia, fibula, humerus, ulna, and radius. Assignment: Write a poem of two to four lines.

High School Early Elementary

Assignment: Label and research the following bones: skull, mandible, Assignment: Write a poem of at least four lines.
vertebrae, ribs, clavicle, sternum, sacrum, os coxae, femur, tibia, Upper Elementary
fibula, humerus, ulna, radius, calcaneus, metatarsals, metacarpals, Assignment: Write a poem of at least four to eight lines.
and phalanges.
MIDDLE + High SCHOOL
ASSIGNMENT: Write a lyric poem.

LESSON 3 11 H u m a n Body
Human
Body
UNIT STUDY

Name:
 SUBJECT FOCUS
Art 3 Coloring

Instructions: Color the picture of the bones in your body below!

P r e-Reade r LESSON 3 13 H u m an Body

 SUBJECT FOCUS
science 3 bones

Instructions: Adult humans have how many bones? (Pause for an answer.) They have 206—wow! That’s a lot of
bones! Cut out the bones in the appendix and paste them where they belong to make a skeleton below.

skull
mandible

humerus ribs

vertebrae

femur

patella

P r e-Reade r LESSON 3 14 H u m an Body

Human
Body
UNIT STUDY

Name:
 SUBJECT FOCUS
SCIENCE 3 Notebooking

Instructions: As you listen to today’s lesson, color the bones. Dictate

one interesting fact or new thing that you learned from this lesson and
copy your interesting fact on the lines below. COLOR THE BONES

Copy Me

one thing i learned

E a r l y Reade r LESSON 3 16 H u m an Body

 SUBJECT FOCUS
Social studies 3 Symbolism

Instructions: Throughout history people have used the image of a human skull as a picture of death or evil. A
human skull is actually just a bone with the important job of protecting your brain. There is nothing evil about
that! There are many pictures that are used as symbols for something other than their purpose. This is called
symbolism. An image of a peace sign is a symbol for peace, and a door is a symbol of opportunity. Symbolism is
also often used in poetry when an object or animal is used to represent something else. Let’s look at the images
below and try to match the picture to the word it symbolizes.

love

time

courage

wisdom

E a r l y Reade r LESSON 3 17 H u m an Body

 SUBJECT FOCUS
LANGUAGE ARTS + Bible 3 COPY W OR K + S P EL L IN G

Instructions: Do you remember your Bible verse for the week?

Read it together with your parent, and then trace it below.

Then God said,

“Let us make man
in our image, after
our likeness."
—Genesis 1:26a
Spelling
Today we are going to practice writing our spelling word: image. Fill in the missing letters in your spelling word
below.

im ge ima e
mage i age
E a r l y Reade r LESSON 3 18 H u m an Body
 SUBJECT FOCUS
LANGUAGE ARTS 3 W RITING PROJECT

Instructions: Can you make your own poem? It can rhyme, but it doesn't have to. Try to make it two or four lines.
If you want to, dictate it to your parent and have them write it for you. When you are done, draw a picture to go
along with your poem and think of a title.

By:

E a r l y Reade r LESSON 3 19 H u m an Body

 SUBJECT FOCUS
Science 3 Label the Bones

Instructions:
We learned that our adult bodies have 206 bones. That's a lot of bones! Today we’re going to label some of the
bones in your body. Find the label cutouts n the appendix and paste where they belong on the image below. Use
the picture in the Teacher’s Guide if you need help!

E a r l y Reade r LESSON 3 20 H u m an Body

 Human
Body UNIT STUDY

Name:
 SUBJECT FOCUS
SCIENCE 3 N o t e boo k i n g

Instructions: As you listen to today’s lesson, color the bones and write one
interesting fact or new thing that you learned from the lesson.
Color The Bones

one thing i learned

E a r l y El emen t a r y LESSON 3 22 H u m an Body

 SUBJECT FOCUS
Social studies 3 Symbolism

Instructions: Throughout history people have used the image of a human skull as a picture of death or evil. A
human skull is actually just a bone with the important job of protecting your brain. There is nothing evil about
that! There are many pictures that are used as symbols for something other than their purpose. This is called
symbolism. An image of a peace sign is a symbol for peace, and a door is a symbol of opportunity. Symbolism is
also often used in poetry when an object or animal is used to show characteristics or for a different purpose. Let’s
look at the images below and use the word bank to write what each picture symbolizes.

Word Bank
love courage time wisdom

E a r l y El emen t a r y LESSON 3 23 H u m an Body

 SUBJECT FOCUS
LANGUAGE ARTS + Bible 3 C O P Y W O R K + S PEL L IN G

Instructions: Do you remember your Bible verse for the week? Read it together with your parent, and then write
it on the lines below.

Then God said, “Let us make man in

our image, after our likeness.”
—Genesis 1:26a

Instructions: Today we are going to practice writing our spelling word: likeness. Fill in the missing letters in your
spelling word below.

l keness like ess

li eness lik ness
ikeness liken ss
E a r l y El emen t a r y LESSON 3 24 H u m an Body
 SUBJECT FOCUS
LANGUAGE ARTS 3 WRIT I NG PR O J ECT

Instructions: During this unit, we will be focusing on poetry. For your writing project you will have the
opportunity to try writing your own poems. This week we looked at a poem in Lesson 1. Turn back and reread it to
refresh your memory on the sound of the poem. Before you begin you need to decide what you want your poem
to be about. Choose a topic that has a lot of meaning to you so you are more likely to put a lot of feeling into
your words. Maybe it could be about a beloved pet or a family member. Some poems rhyme and others do not,
so decide how you want your poem to sound.

your turn! Try to write your own poem of at least four lines. If you want to, write it on a separate sheet of paper
so you can edit it before writing your final version below. This is your first poem in this unit, so try your best and
have fun!

Title

E a r l y El emen t a r y LESSON 3 25 H u m an Body

 SUBJECT FOCUS
Science 3 L ab e l t h e B o n e s

Instructions: We learned that our adult bodies have 206 bones. What a lot of bones! Today we’re going to label
some of the bones in your body. Use the word bank to label the bones below; look in the teacher's guide if you
need help!

Word Bank
skull ribs femur humerus

patella vertebrae mandible

E a r l y El emen t a r y LESSON 3 26 H u m an Body

 Human
BodyUNIT STUDY

Name:
 SUBJECT FOCUS
SCIENCE 3 N o t e boo k i n g

Instructions: While you are listening to the lesson, label what you can remember, look up and define the
vocabulary word in your own words, and jot down a few interesting notes. When you are done, use your notes to
write two sentences below to show what stood out to you.

label what you

remember
Define it
cartilage: ______________________
_________________________________
_________________________________

NOTES

__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
Upp e r El emen t a r y LESSON 3 28 H u m an Body
 SUBJECT FOCUS
Social studies 3 Symbolism

Instructions: Throughout history people have used the image of a human skull as a picture of death or evil. A
human skull is actually just a bone with the important job of protecting your brain. There is nothing evil about
that! There are many pictures that are used as symbols for something other than their purpose. This is called
symbolism. An image of a peace sign is a symbol for peace, and a door is a symbol of opportunity. Symbolism is
also often used in poetry when an object or animal is used to show characteristics or different purpose. Read the
words below, and for each word, draw a picture to illustrate what could represent that word.

Time

Courage

Love

Wisdom

Upp e r El emen t a r y LESSON 3 29 H u m an Body

 SUBJECT FOCUS
LANGUAGE ARTS + Bible 3 C O P Y W O R K + S PEL L IN G

Instructions: Do you remember your Bible verse for the week? Read it carefully, thinking about what it means,
and then copy it onto the lines below. Remember to watch the spelling of each word!

Then God said, “Let us make man in our image, after our
likeness. And let them have dominion over the fish of the sea
and over the birds of the heavens and over the livestock and
over all the earth and over every creeping thing that creeps on
the earth.” —Genesis 1:26

Spelling
Unscramble the letters in your spelling word for the week and write them on the lines below three times. Can you
remember your spelling word? If you can’t, look back at Lesson 1.

tlekvscio

Upp e r El emen t a r y LESSON 3 30 H u m an Body

 SUBJECT FOCUS
LANGUAGE ARTS 3 WRIT I NG PR O J ECT

Instructions: During this unit we will be focusing on poetry. For your writing project, you will have the
opportunity to try writing your own poems. This week we looked at a poem in Lesson 1. Turn back and reread it to
refresh your memory on the sound of the poem. Today you will try writing your own poem! Before you begin you
need to decide what you want your poem to be about. Choose a topic that has a lot of meaning to you so you
are more likely to put a lot of feeling into your words. Maybe it could be about a beloved pet or a family member.
Some poems rhyme and others do not, so decide how you want your poem to sound.

your turn Try to write your own poem of at least four-to-eight lines. If you do try a rhyming poem, don’t force the
rhyming. Try to make it sound natural. Write your poem on a separate sheet of paper so you can edit it before
writing your final version below. This is your first poem in this unit, so try your best and have fun!

_________________

____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________

Upp e r El emen t a r y LESSON 3 31 H u m an Body

 SUBJECT FOCUS
Science 3 L ab e l t h e B o n e s

Instructions: We learned that our adult bodies have 206 bones. Today we’re going to label some of the bones in
your body. Use the word bank to label the diagram.

Word Bank:
skull mandible vertebrae
ribs femur tibia fibula
humerus ulna radius
patella
Upp e r El emen t a r y LESSON 3 32 H u m an Body
Human
Body
UNIT STUDY

Name:
 SUBJECT FOCUS
SCIENCE 3 Notebooking

time
Instructions: While you listen to the lesson, take notes and draw or sketch how bones heal. Then use your notes
to write a paragraph about what you learned on the lines below.

SKETCH it WHY DO WE NEED BONES?

NOTES:

Mid dl e S ch ool LESSON 3 34 H u m an Body

 SUBJECT FOCUS
Social studies 3 Symbolism

time
Instructions: Throughout history people have used the image of a human skull as a symbol of death or evil. A
human skull is, of course, just a bone with the important job of protecting your brain. There is nothing evil about
that! Skulls have also been used in paintings or art to depict symbolism. Look up Christian symbolism for the
following words and sketch or write what you discover.

Peace Hope

Jesus Holy Spirit

Mid dl e S ch ool LESSON 3 35 H u m an Body

 SUBJECT FOCUS
LANGUAGE ARTS + Bible 3 COPY W OR K + S P EL L IN G

time
Instructions: Let’s keep working on our Bible passage this week. Look up Genesis 1:26–27 in your Bible and copy
it on the lines below.

Genesis 1:26–27

SPELLING
Unscramble the letters in your spelling word for the week and write it on the lines below three times. Can you
remember your spelling word? If you can’t, look back at Lesson 1.

idominno
Optional EXTENSION Activity
For an additional challenge on a separate piece of
paper, how many three or more letter words can you
make out of the letters in your spelling word?

Mid dl e S ch ool LESSON 3 36 H u m an Body

 SUBJECT FOCUS
LANGUAGE ARTS 3 W RITING PROJECT

time
Instructions: During this unit we will be focusing on poetry. For your writing project, you will have the opportunity
to try writing your own poems. This week we looked at a lyric poem in Lesson 1. Turn back and reread it to refresh
your memory on the sound of the poem. Lyric poems are short poems that almost seem musical as you read
them. They express the poet’s emotions about a person, an object, an event, or an idea. Today you will try writing
your own poem! Before you begin you need to decide what you want your poem to be about. Choose a topic that
has a lot of meaning to you so you are more likely to put a lot of feeling into your words. Some lyric poems rhyme
while others do not, so decide how you want your poem to sound. If you do try a rhyming poem, don’t force the
rhyming. Try to make it natural.

your turn Write your own lyric poem on a separate sheet of paper so you can edit it before writing your final
version below. This is your first poem in this unit, so try your best and have fun!

_________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________

Note
If you are struggling, some other examples of lyric poems are “I cannot live with You”1 by Emily Dickinson or “The
Tyger”2 by William Blake. Sometimes reading more poems gives you a better idea of how to write one.

Mid dl e S ch ool LESSON 3 37 H u m an Body

 SUBJECT FOCUS
Science 3 Label the Bones

time
Instructions: We learned that our adult bodies have 206 bones. Today we’re going to label some of the bones
in your body. Use the poster in the teacher's guide to label the following bones (or as many bones as you can):
skull, mandible, vertebrae, ribs, clavicle, sacrum, os coxae, femur, tibia, fibula, humerus, ulna, and radius.

Mid dl e S ch ool LESSON 3 38 H u m an Body

Human
Body
UNIT STUDY

Name:
 SUBJECT FOCUS
SCIENCE 3 N o t e boo k i n g

time
Instructions: While you listen to the lesson, sketch something, write about why we need bones, and take notes
from what you hear. Then use your notes to write a journal entry in a separate notebook or binder.

SKETCH it WHY DO WE NEED BONES?

NOTES
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
H ig h Sch ool LESSON 3 40 H u m an Body
 SUBJECT FOCUS
Social studies 3 Symbolism

time

Instructions: Throughout history people have used the image of a human skull as a symbol of death or evil.
A human skull is of course just a bone with the important job of protecting your brain. There is nothing evil
about that! Skulls have also been used in paintings or art to depict symbolism. Research Christian symbolism
throughout history. Write about what you discover.

H ig h Sch ool LESSON 3 41 H u m an Body

 SUBJECT FOCUS
LANGUAGE ARTS + Bible 3 C O P Y W O R K + S PEL L IN G

time
Instructions: Let’s keep working on our Bible passage this week. Look up Genesis 1:26–27 in your Bible and copy
it on the lines below.

Genesis 1:26–27

PERSONAL REFLECTION
What do you think it means that man has dominion over all the animals of the earth, sky, and waters?

H ig h Sch ool LESSON 3 42 H u m an Body

 SUBJECT FOCUS
LANGUAGE ARTS 3 WRIT I NG PR O J ECT

time
Instructions: During this unit we will be focusing on poetry. For your writing project, you will have the opportunity
to try writing your own poems. This week we looked at a lyric poem in Lesson 1. Turn back and reread it to refresh
your memory on the sound of the poem. Lyric poems are short poems that almost seem musical as you read
them. They express the poet’s emotions about a person, an object, an event, or an idea. Today you will try writing
your own poem! Before you begin you need to decide what you want your poem to be about. Choose a topic that
has a lot of meaning to you so you are more likely to put a lot of feeling into your words. Some lyric poems rhyme
while others do not, so decide how you want your poem to sound. If you do try a rhyming poem, don’t force the
rhyming. Try to make it natural.

your turn Write your own lyric poem on a separate sheet of paper so you can edit it before writing your final
version below. This is your first poem in this unit, so try your best and have fun!

Note
If you are struggling, some other examples of lyric poems are “I cannot live with You”3 by Emily Dickinson or “The
Tyger”4 by William Blake. Sometimes reading more poems gives you a better idea of how to write one.

_________________________

___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
H ig h Sch ool LESSON 3 43 H u m an Body
 SUBJECT FOCUS
Science 3 L ab e l t h e B o n e s

time

Instructions: We learned that our adult bodies have 206 bones. Today we’re going to label some of the bones
in your body. Research or look at a skeleton image to label the following bones: skull, mandible, vertebrae, ribs,
clavicle, sternum, sacrum, os coxae, femur, tibia, fibula, calcaneus, humerus, ulna, and radius. We didn’t talk
about them in the lesson, but research and label the metatarsals, metacarpals, and phalanges.

H ig h Sch ool LESSON 3 44 H u m an Body

Human Body
A P P E N D I X
cutouts for tg, Lesson 3
Instructions: Welcome to your vocabulary pages! There are a lot of words in this unit that your students might
not have heard before, so you can use this as an extra resource to help them practice! The lesson number for
each vocabulary word is on the left side of the word box. You can use them to make a word wall or poster, stick
them onto magnets for the fridge, or paste them into a lapbook. You can even make a photocopy and use them
for a game of memory.

3 COLLAGEN a protein that gives bones a soft shell

a type of connective tissue that connects bones

3 CARTILAGE together; can be found in joints or the hinges of our
body and is also found in your ears, nose, and throat

3 HEMATOMA a large area of blood that pools in one spot

CUTOUTS F O R PR , PA G E 2

CUTOUTS F O R ER , PA G E 5—L AB EL THE B ONES

skull ribs femur humerus
patella vertebrae mandible
endnotes
1 Dickinson, Emily. “I cannot live with You.” Poets.org. Academy of American Poets, accessed November 14, 2023. https://poets.org/poem/i-cannot-live-you-640.
2 Blake, William. “The Tyger.” Poetry Foundation. Poetry Foundation, accessed 11/14/2023. https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/43687/the-tyger.
3 Dickinson, Emily. “I cannot live with You.” Poets.org. Academy of American Poets, accessed November 14, 2023. https://poets.org/poem/i-cannot-live-you-640.
4 Blake, William. “The Tyger.” Poetry Foundation. Poetry Foundation, accessed 11/14/2023. https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/43687/the-tyger

IMAGE CREDITS:
shout out for our Custom art by Amber Shuey,
R amona Macdonald, Bonnie Hunt, and Timothy Baskill.
WOW!

Bones sketches: ID 136833545 © QualitDesign | dreamstime.com

Skeleton diagram: ID 58712682 © Elenabsl | dreamstime.com
Shoulder joint sketch: ID 92507742 © Seamartini | dreamstime.com
Human
Body
UNIT STUDY

Cursive
 Table of Contents
Spelling Week 1 ....................................... 6 .Spelling Week 5 ........................................ 26
Scripture Tracing ..................................... 7 Scripture Tracing ........................................ 27
Scripture Copywork ............................... 8 Scripture Copywork .................................. 28
Scripture Dictation ................................ 9 Scripture Dictation ................................... 29
Poetry .......................................................... 10 Poetry ............................................................. 30
Spelling Week 2 ...................................... 11 All About Mom ......................................... 31
Scripture Tracing ..................................... 12 All About Dad ........................................... 32
Scripture Copywork ............................... 13 Alphabet Practice ....................................... 33
Scripture Dictation ................................ 14 Alphabet Practice ....................................... 34
Poetry .......................................................... 15 Alphabet Practice ....................................... 35
Spelling Week 3 ...................................... 16 Alphabet Practice ....................................... 36
Scripture Tracing .................................... 17 Image Source Credits ............................. 37
Scripture Copywork ............................... 18
Scripture Dictation ................................ 19
Poetry .......................................................... 20
Spelling Week 4 ...................................... 21
Scripture Tracing .................................... 22
Scripture Copywork .............................. 23
Scripture Dictation ................................ 24
Poetry .......................................................... 25
 Week 1 Spelling
livestock
livestock
livestock
livestock

55
 Scripture Tracing
Then God said, “Let us make
man in our image, after our
likeness. And let them have
dominion over . . . all the earth”
—Genesis 1:26a
Image Source credits DREAMSTIME.COM
ID 119158738 © Sybirko | (buffalo)
ID 150936854 © Tawatchai Khid-arn (family)