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List of Important Articles in Indian Constitution - Tips to Remember Indian Articles

Articles of the Indian Constitution must be known to the UPSC Exam aspirants. There are 448 articles in the Indian Constitution (originally 395
articles were there). Each set of articles covers important parts of the Constitution including, Legislatures, Executive, Schedules, Parts of Indian
Constitution, Constitutional Bodies, Statutory Bodies, Fundamental Rights, and more.

This article will provide you with the list of those articles in Indian Constitution that are important for the Indian Polity (GS-II) syllabus of the IAS
Exam (https://byjus.com/ias-exam/).

The topic, ‘Articles in Indian Constitution’ is important for Prelims and UPSC Mains GS II (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/upsc-mains-gs-
paper-2-structure/) preparation. Read similar important topics for CSE preparation below:

Important Amendments to the Indian Constitution (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/amendments-in-indian-constitution-for-upsc/)

Preamble of Indian Constitution (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/preamble/)

Schedules of Indian Constitution (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/schedules-indian-constitution/)

Union, State & Concurrent Lists of Indian Constitution (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/7th-schedule-indian-constitution/)

Table of Contents:

Articles in Indian Constitution related to Parts of the Indian Constitution

Schedules of the Indian Constitution and related Important Indian Articles

List of other Important Articles of the Indian Constitution

How to remember important articles in the Indian Constitution for UPSC

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How many articles are there in the Indian Constitution?

There are 448 articles in 25 parts, 12 schedules, 5 appendices with more than 100 amendments in the Indian Constitution. Not every article of the
Indian Constitution is a must to know for UPSC Exams (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/upsc-exam/). Hence, all those articles in the Indian
Constitution that are important from the IAS exam perspective are given below:

There are 25 parts of the Indian Constitution. They are mentioned in the table below:

Parts of the Indian Constitution Subject Mentioned in the Part Articles in Indian Constitution

Part I Union & Its Territory Article 1-4

Part II Citizenship Article 5-11

Part III Fundamental Rights (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/fundamental-rights/) Article 12-35

Part IV Directive Principles Article 36-51

Part IV A Fundamental Duties (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/fundamental-duties/) Article 51A

Part V The Union Article 52-151

Part VI The States Article 152-237

Part VII Note: 7th Amendment Act, 1956 repealed Part 7 –

Part VIII The Union Territories Article 239-242

Part IX The Panchayats Article 243-243O

Part IX A The Municipalities Article 243P-243ZG

Part IX B Co-operative Societies Article 243ZH-243ZT

Part X Scheduled and Tribal Areas Article 244-244A

Part XI Relation between Union & States Article 245-263

Part XII Finance, Property, Contracts and Suits Article 264-300A

Part XIII Trade, Commerce and Intercourse within the territory of India Article 301-307

Part XIV Services under the Union and States Article 308-323

Part XIV A Tribunals Article 323A-323B

Part XV Elections Article 324-329A

Part XVI Special Provisions relating to certain classes Article 330-342

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Part XVIII Emergency Provisions Article 352-360

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Part XIX Miscellaneous Article 361-367
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Part XX Amendment of the Constitution Article 368

Part XXI Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions Article 369-392

Part XXII Short title, Commencement, Authoritative Text in Article 393-395

Hindi and Repeals

The description of the Indian articles entailing the Parts of the Indian Constitution is given below:

Article 1 – Name and territory of the union.

Article 2 – Admission and establishment of the new state.

Article 3 – Formation of new states and alteration of areas, boundaries, and name of existing states.

Article 5 – Citizenship (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/citizenship/) at the commencement of the constitution.

Article 6 – Rights of citizenship of a certain person who has migrated to India from Pakistan.

Article 10 – Continuance of rights of citizenship.

Article 11 – Parliament to regulate the right of citizenship by law.

Article 12 – Definition of the state.

Article 13 – Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of the fundamental rights.

Initially, the Constitution of India provided 7 basic fundamental rights, now there are only 6. The Right to property U/A 31 was removed from the list
of fundamental rights by 44th amendment act 1978 (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/44th-amendment-act/). A legal right U/A 300–A was made
and included in Part XII of the constitution.

Article 14 – Equality before the law.

Article 15 – Prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth.

Article 16 – Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment.

Article 17 – Abolition of the untouchability.

Article 18 – Abolition of titles.

Article 19 – Guarantees to all the citizens the six rights and they are:
a – Freedom of speech and expression.

b – Freedom to assemble peaceably and without arms.

c – Freedom to form associations or unions.

d – Freedom to move freely throughout the territory of India.

e – Freedom to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India.

f – Omitted

g – Freedom to practice any profession, or to carry on any occupation, trade or business.

Article 20 – Protection in respect of conviction for offences.

Article 21 – Protection of life and personal liberty.

Article 22 – Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases.

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Article 23 – Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour.

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Article 24 – Prohibition of employment of children (Under the age of 14) in factories and mines.
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Article 25 – Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion.

Article 26 – Freedom to manage religious affairs.

Article 27 – Freedom as to pay taxes for promotion of any particular religion.

Article 28 – Freedom from attending religious instruction.

Cultural and Educational Rights: Article 29 and Article 30

Article 29 – Protection of interest of minorities.

Article 30 – Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions.

Right to Constitutional Remedies: Article 32

Article 32 – Remedies for enforcement of Fundamental Rights.

Article 36 – Definition

Article 37– Application of DPSP (Read about Directive Principles of States Policy (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/directive-principles-of-
state-policy/) in the linked article)

Article 39A – Equal justice and free legal aid

Article 40 – Organization of a village panchayat

Article 41 – Right to work, to education, and to public assistance in certain cases

Article 43 – Living Wages, etc. for workers.

Article 43A – Participation of workers in the management of industries.

Article 44 – Uniform civil code (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/need-for-a-uniform-civil-code-in-a-secular-india/). ( applicable in Goa

only)

Article 45 – Provision for free and compulsory education for children.

Article 46 – Promotion of educational and economic interest of scheduled castes (SC), scheduled tribes (ST), and OBC.

Article 47– Duty of the state to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to improve public health.

Article 48 – Organization of agriculture and animal husbandry.

Article 49 – Protection of monuments and places and objects of natural importance.

Article 50 – Separation of judiciary from the executive.

Article 51 – Promotion of international peace and security.

There are 11 fundamental duties. 42nd amendment act 1976 (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/42nd-amendment-act/) added 10 fundamental
duties. 86th amendment act 2002 added one more to the list.

Article 52 – The President of India (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/president/)

Article 53 – Executive Power of the union

Article 54 – Election of President

Article 61 – Procedure for Impeachment of the President

Article 63 – The Vice–president of India

Article 64 – The Vice–President to be ex–officio chairman the council of States

Article 66 – Election of Vice–president

Article 72 – Pardoning powers of President

Article 74 – Council of ministers to aid and advise President

Article 76 – Attorney–General for India

Article 79 – Constitution of Parliament

Article 80 – Composition of Rajya Sabha

 Article 81 – Composition of Lok Sabha
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Trial

Article 93 – The speakers and Deputy speakers of the house of the people

Article 105 – Powers, Privileges, etc. of the House of Parliament

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Article 109 – Special procedure in respects of money bills
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Article 110 – Definition of “Money Bills”

Article 112 – Annual Financial Budget

Article 114 –Appropriation Bills

Article 123 – Powers of the President to promulgate Ordinances during recess of parliament

Article 124 – Establishment of Supreme Court

Article 125 – Salaries of Judges

Article 126 – Appointment of acting Chief justice

Article 127 – Appointment of ad–hoc judges

Article 128 –Attendance of retired judge at sitting of the Supreme Court

Article 129 – Supreme Court to be a court of Record

Article 130 – Seat of the Supreme Court

Article 136 – Special leaves for an appeal to the Supreme Court

Article 137 – Review of judgment or orders by the Supreme Court

Article 141 – Decision of the Supreme Court of India (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/supreme-court-of-india/) binding on all the courts

Article 148 – Comptroller and Auditor– General of India (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/the-comptroller-and-auditor-general-of-india/)

Article 149 – Duties and Powers of CAG

Article 153 – Governors of State

Article 154 – Executive Powers of Governor

Article 161 – Pardoning powers of the Governor

Article 165 – Advocate–General of the State

Article 213 – Power of Governor to promulgate ordinances

Article 214 – High Courts for states

Article 215 – High Courts to be a court of record

Article 226 – Power of High Courts to issue certain writs

Article 233 – Appointment of District judges

Article 235 – Control over Subordinate Courts

Read about High Courts in India and Types of Writs in the linked articles below:

High Courts in India (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/high-court/) Types of Writs (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/types-of-writs-in-india/)

Article 243A – Gram Sabha

Article 243B – Constitution of Panchayats (Read about Panchayati Raj (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/panchayati-raj/) in the linked
article.)
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Article 266 – Consolidated Fund and Public Accounts Fund

Article 267 – Contingency Fund of India

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Article 280 – Finance Commission
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Article 300 A – Right to property

Read about Types of Funds in India and the Finance Commission of India in the linked articles below:

Types of Funds in India (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/types- Finance Commission of India (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/finance-

of-funds-in-india/) commission-of-india/)

Article 301 – Freedom to trade, commerce, and intercourse

Article 302 – Power of Parliament to impose restrictions on trade, commerce, and intercourse.

Article 312 – All– India–Service

Article 315 – Public service commissions for the union and for the states (Know all about PSC Exams (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/public-
service-commission/) in the linked article.)

Article 320 – Functions of Public Service Commission

Article 323A – Administrative Tribunals

Article 324 – Superintendence, direction and control of Elections to be vested in an Election Commission (https://byjus.com/free-ias-
prep/election-commission-of-india/)

Article 325 – No person to be ineligible for inclusion in or to claim to be included in a special, electoral roll on grounds of religion, race, caste,
or sex

Article 326 – Elections to the house of the people and to the legislative assemblies of states to be on the basis of adult suffrage

Article 338 – National Commission for the SC & ST

Article 340 – Appointment of a commission to investigate the conditions of backward classes

Article 343 – Official languages of the Union

Article 345 – Official languages or languages of a state

Article 348 – Languages to be used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts

Article 351 – Directive for development of the Hindi languages

Article 352 – Proclamation of emergency (National Emergency)

Article 356 – State Emergency (President’s Rule)

Article 360 – Financial Emergency (Read more about Article 356 (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/article-356/) in the linked article.

Article 361 – Protection of President and Governors

Article 368 – Powers of Parliaments to amend the constitution

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Article 370 – Temporary Provision for the erstwhile State of J&K (diluted on August 5 & 6, 2019).
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Article 371 A – Special provision with respect to the State of Nagaland
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Article 371 J – Special Status for Hyderabad–Karnataka region

Article 393 – Short title – This Constitution may be called the Constitution of India

Also, refer to | Topic-Wise GS 2 Questions from UPSC Mains (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/topic-wise-gs-2-questions-upsc-mains/)

Schedules of the Indian Constitution and Important Articles

There are 12 Schedules in the Indian Constitution. These, along with the Indian articles of the Constitution are mentioned below:

Schedules of Indian Constitution Indian Constitution Articles

First Schedule Article 1 and Article 4

Second Schedule Articles:

59

65

75

97

125

148

158

164

186

221

Third Schedule Articles:

75

84

99

124

146

173

188

219

Fourth Schedule Article 4 and Article 80

Fifth Schedule Article 244

Sixth Schedule Article 244 and Article 275

Seventh Schedule Article 246

Eighth Schedule Article 344 and Article 351

Ninth Schedule Article 31-B

Tenth Schedule Article 102 and Article 191

Eleventh Schedule Article 243-G

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Aspirants can read more about the 12 Schedules of the Indian Constitution (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/schedules-indian-constitution/) from
the linked article.
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List of other Important Articles in the Indian Constitution
Knowing these Indian Constitution articles will help aspirants score well in Polity section. However, not all of them are important for prelims and
UPSC Mains (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/upsc-mains/) examination. The important articles in the Indian Constitution for civil services
examination are given in the table below:

Important Articles of the Indian Constitution Importance of Indian Articles

Article 12-35 Fundamental Rights

Article 36-50 Directive Principles of State Policy

Article 51A Fundamental Duties

Article 80 Number of Seats in Rajya Sabha

Article 243-243 (o) Panchayati Raj Institutions

Article 343 Hindi as Official Language

Article 356 Imposition of President’s Rule

Article 370 Special Status of Jammu & Kashmir

Article 395 Repeals Indian Independence Act and Government of India Act 1919

The Constitution of India is created by a constituent assembly and adopted by its people with a declaration in the preamble to the constitution
(https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/preamble/); hence it divulges constitutional supremacy and not parliamentary supremacy and
Parliament cannot override the constitution.

How to remember important articles in the Indian Constitution for UPSC

Memorizing all 448 articles of the Indian Constitution and reproducing them in the civil services exam (https://byjus.com/civil-services-exam/) is
not an easy task. It is difficult to learn everything. Below are a few tips to remember the important articles of the Indian Constitution:

Articles Related to Emergency Provisions

Article 356: Provisions in case of failure of constitutional

Article 352: Proclamation of Emergency.
machinery in States
Add the magic
number ‘4’
Article 356: Provisions in case of failure of constitutional
Article 360: Financial Emergency
machinery in States
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Article today
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Article 112: Annual financial statement for Union Article 202: Annual financial statement for State

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Article 113: Procedure in Parliament with respect to
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Article 203: Procedure in Legislature with respect to estimates
estimates

Article 114: Appropriation Bills Article 204: Appropriation Bills

Article 115: Supplementary, additional or excess grants Article 205: Supplementary, additional or excess grants

Article 116: Votes on account, votes of credit and Article 206: Votes on account, votes of credit and exceptional
exceptional grants grants

Add the magic

number 90
 Kickstart
Article your provisions
117: Special IAS Preparation today Bills
as to financial Article 207: Special provisions as to financial Bills (https://ad-
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Article 118: Rules of procedure Article 208: Rules of procedure

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Article 119: Regulation by law of procedure in Article 209: Regulation by law of procedure in the Legislature of
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Parliament in relation to financial business the State in relation to financial business

Article 120: Language to be used in Parliament. Article 210: Language to be used in Legislature

Article 121: Restriction on discussion in Parliament Article 211: Restriction on discussion in the Legislature

Article 122: Courts not to inquire into proceedings of

Article 212: Courts not to inquire into proceedings of Legislature
Parliament

Article 123: Power of President to promulgate

Article 213: Power of Governor to promulgate Ordinances
Ordinances

Article 124: Establishment and constitution of Supreme

Article 214: High Courts for States
Court
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Article 72: Power of President to grant pardons, etc., and to Article 161: Power of Governor to grant pardons, etc., and to
suspend, remit or commute sentences in certain cases suspend, remit or commute sentences in certain cases
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Article 74: Council of Ministers to aid and advice President. Article 163: Council of Ministers to aid and advise Governor

Article 75: Other provisions as to Ministers Article: 164: Other provisions as to Ministers

Article 76: Attorney General for India Article 165: Advocate General for the State

Article 77: Conduct of business of the Government of India Article 166: Conduct of business of the Government of a State

Article 78: Duties of Prime Minister (https://byjus.com/free-ias- Article 167: Duties of Chief Minister (https://byjus.com/free-
prep/prime-minister-and-council-of-ministers/) as respects ias-prep/chief-minister-and-council-of-ministers/) as
the furnishing of information to the President, etc. respects the furnishing of information to Governor, etc.

Article 79: Constitution of Parliament Article 168: Constitution of Legislatures in States

Add the Article 174: Sessions of the State Legislature, prorogation and
Article 85: Sessions of Parliament, prorogation and dissolution
magic dissolution
number
‘89’ Article 175: Right of Governor (https://byjus.com/free-ias-
Article 86: Right of President to address and send messages to
prep/governor/) to address and send messages to the House
Houses
or Houses

Article 88: Rights of Ministers and Attorney-General

Article 177: Rights of Ministers and Advocate-General as
(https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/attorney-general-of-india-
respects the Houses
article-76/) as respects Houses

Article 102: Disqualifications for membership Article 192: Disqualifications for membership

Article 105: Powers, privileges, etc., of the Houses of Parliament Article 194: Powers, privileges, etc., of the Houses of Legislatures
and of the members and committees thereof and of the members and committees thereof

Article 100: Voting in Houses, the power of Houses to act Article 189: Voting in Houses, the power of Houses to act
notwithstanding vacancies and quorum notwithstanding vacancies and quorum

Article 111: Assent to Bills (President) Article 200: Assent to Bills (Governor)

Article 110: Definition of Money Bills (https://byjus.com/free-ias-

Article 199: Definition of “Money Bills” in State Legislature
prep/money-bill/)

Remember significant articles in Indian Constitution through Mnemonics-

This is an age-old trick used to memorize a lot of content. Make a string of words or a sentence using key letters from the articles. This way you will
be able to recall them faster and with minimum effort. Make your own mnemonics in order to be able to memorize vast quantities of data. For e.g. :

U Can Fix Deposit From United States Using Pre Mature Special Rate.

U – Union

C – Citizenship

F – Fundamental rights

D – Directive Principles

F – Fundamental Duties

U – Union

S – States

U – Union Territories

P – Panchayat
 M – Municipality
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S – Scheduled

R– Relation between Union and State

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Polly Has Certified ManneQuins
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P– Prohibition

H-Habeas Corpus

C– Certiorari

Man– Mandamus

Qu– Quo Warranto

If we look at the previous year’s UPSC question papers, we can come across at least one question related to the Constitution of India. Hence,
knowing the importance of the Constitution of India in the IAS exam is essential. This article will mention the must-know articles of our Indian
Constitution.

Conclusion

Indian Constitution Articles are a very important part of the Indian Polity. Indian Polity is an important subject in UPSC Mains GS 2. Various questions
are targeted at this topic and many others in GS-II and also in Prelims. Candidates can get the UPSC Mains GS 2 Strategy and Syllabus
(https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/upsc-mains-gs-paper-2-structure/) for the trend analysis of other subjects too.

UPSC Questions related to Important Articles of Indian Constitution

Q1 Through which amendment act, Delhi was designated as National Capital Territory (NCT)?

1. 69th Constitutional Amendment Act

2. 63rd Constitutional Amendment Act

3. 86th Constitutional Amendment Act

4. 52nd Constitutional Amendment Act

Answer: 69th Constitutional Amendment Act

Q2 Which of the following can be amended by a special majority of the parliament and ratification by half of the states?

1. Citizenship

2. Altering Boundary of the State

3. Election of President

4. Elections

Answer: Election of President (IAS aspirants looking for more information on types of amendments (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/types-of-
amendment/) in the constitution may check the linked article.)
The elements of Fundamental Duties are explained in which article?

Q3 The elements of Fundamental Duties are explained in which article?

1. Article 19

2. Article 21

3. Article 51A

4. Article 48

Answer: 51A (Check details on Fundamental Duties for UPSC (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/fundamental-duties/) in the linked article.)

Q4 What is Article 15?

Article 15 is an important article of the Indian Constitution stating the prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or
place of birth. It is one of the articles mentioning the citizens’ fundamental right to quality.

Q5 How many articles are there in the Indian Constitution?

There are 448 articles in the Indian Constitution (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/constitution-of-india-an-overview/). Originally, the Indian
Constitution had 395 articles.

Q6 How to remember articles in Indian Constitution?

Aspirants should note down and keep on revising the following set of Constitution of India’s Important Articles:
1. Fundamental Rights – Article 12-35
 2. Directive Principles of State Policy – Article 36-51
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3. Fundamental
Unlock Duties
Your 3-days Free Trial – Article 51A

4. Scheduled & Tribal Areas – Article 244-244A

5. Elections – Article 324-329 A

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6. Constitutional Amendment – Article 368
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Also, aspirants should be updated with the Indian constitutional articles which are in the news as topics mentioned in the UPSC Syllabus
(https://byjus.com/ias/upsc-syllabus/) of Mains GS 2 are asked in the exam based on both theory and current affairs.

List of Important Articles in Indian Constitution

Download PDF Here

Conclusion:

Once an aspirant makes note of the list of articles in the Indian Constitution, he/she can practice previous years questions from the links below:

Constitution Questions for UPSC Mains (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/constitution-questions-upsc-mains-gs-2/)

Governance Questions for UPSC Mains (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/governance-questions-upsc-mains-gs-2/)

UPSC Prelims Topic-Wise Question Papers (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/topic-wise-upsc-prelims-questions-pdf/)

Polity Questions for UPSC Mains (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/polity-questions-upsc-mains-gs-2/)

UPSC Preparation related articles are linked below:

UPSC Polity Optional Syllabus (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/ias-political- UPSC Polity Books (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/political-

science-and-international-relations-syllabus/) science-optional-books-for-upsc/)

UPSC Previous Year Question Papers (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/upsc- IAS Question & Answers (https://byjus.com/ias-questions/)
question-paper/)

UPSC Prelims (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/upsc-prelims/) IAS Salary (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/ias-salary/)

Current Affairs (https://byjus.com/current-affairs/) NCERT Notes PDF (https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/upsc-

exam-online-preparation/ncert-notes/)

Multiple Choice Question

Consider the following statements related to articles in Indian Constitution

1. As per Article 30, all minorities, whether based on religion or language, shall have the right to establish and administer educational
institutions of their choice. The State shall not, in granting aid to educational institutions, discriminate against any educational institution on
the ground that it is under the management of a minority, whether based on religion or language.

2. Article 1 in the Constitution states that India, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of States. The territory of India shall consist of: The territories of the
states, The Union territories and Any territory that may be acquired in future.

3. Article 40 of the Constitution which enshrines one of the Directive Principles of State Policy lays down that the State shall take steps to
organise village panchayats and endow them with such powers and authority as may be necessary to enable them to function as units of
self-government.

4. As per Article 350A, it shall be the endeavour of every State and of every local authority within the State to provide adequate facilities for
instruction in the mother-tongue at the primary stage of education to children belonging to linguistic minority groups; and the President may
issue such directions to any State as he considers necessary or proper for securing the provision of such facilities.

Choose the correct answer from the below given options

A) Only statements 1 and 3 are false.

B) Only statement 1 is true.

C) None of the above statements are true.

D) All the above statements are true.

Answer: D

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Kala Raju
December 26, 2019 at 6:07 pm
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These are perfect articles for crack UPSC

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