IndustrialIT for Utility Communications

CommunicateIT Teleprotection NSD550

 NSD550 meets all requirements for blocking,
permissive and direct tripping.

Overview
The NSD550 teleprotection equipment is used for
transmission of protection commands in high-
volt-age grids of electricity utilities. Especially tele-
protection links over power line carriers (PLC)
provide a reliable and economic means for various
tasks of command transmission.

Using digital signal processing technologies, the

NSD550 meets the stringent requirements for
command transmission over PLC links even under
adverse channel conditions. Algorithms optimized
for PLC channels ensure dependable and secure
operation and short transmission times.

NSD550 meets all requirements for blocking,

permissive and direct tripping.

Depending on the application requirements,

NSD550 can transmit up to four commands with Relay interface type G4AI of NSD550 uses state-of-the-art DSP technology.
two different modes of operation, i. e. either 2 per- Module design and the selected components ensure excellent protection
missive + 2 direct trip, or 3 permissive + 1 direct against electromagnetic interference.
trip commands. Four commands permit, for examp-
le, the protection of dual-circuit lines and direct
tripping for reactor or breaker failure protection.
ETL500 rack layout:

NSD 550 requires no extra bandwidth because it ■ 7 reserved slots for plugging in the modules

uses the pilot of the PLC as a guard signal and the – AF interface type O4LE for telephony and teleoperation

speech band as command channel. – Relay interface type G4AI for teleprotection commands

– FSK modem type G4AK for low-speed data (SCADA)

Configuration, supervision, and adapting to the

field requirements of both the local and remote Power Supply TX Filter RF-
Hybrid
equipment is done by means of the MMI500 user B5LA (48 VDC) E5LA P3LB
interface which operates under the MS-Windows® B5LC (110/230 VAC) B5LB P3DA
platform (version 95/98 or NT4).
1 11 22 28 34 45 54 65 71 78
More than 2000 command and alarm events can
O4LE / G4AI / G4AK

O4LE / G4AI / G4AK

O4LE / G4AI / G4AK

O4LE / G4AI / G4AK

O4LE / G4AI / G4AK

RF-Converter P4LQ

be recorded and stored with time stamp in a non-

DC–DC Converter

volatile memory.
RX Filter P4LR
O4LE / G4AI

O4LE / G4AI

When the ETL 500 equipment is integrated in a

B4LE

network management system, each NSD 550 can be

accessed via a unique device number.

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Design and Assembly
The type NSD550 teleprotection equipment is
used exclusively together with type ETL 500 PLC
equipment. It is always assigned to the first channel
in case of a dual-channel PLC. The NSD550 signals
are processed completely digitally by a DSP (Digital
Signal Processor) on the RF-converter type P4LQ
of the basic ETL 500 equipment.
The NSD550 comprises at least one type G4AI
relay interface module for command transmission;
as contact multipliers or to exploit all possible
NSD550 functions, 1 or 2 additional interface
modules can be directly plugged into reserved slots
of the PLC equipment. All local and remote equip-
ment features and parameters are selected and
programmed by means of the MMI500 user inter-
face.
Applications and Features
The NSD550 is designed for transferring com-
mands in blocking, permissive tripping and direct
transfer tripping schemes. Its four commands are
grouped into non-coded signals for blocking or
permissive tripping schemes, while coded signals
having priority over non-coded signals are used for
direct transfer tripping.
Important dual-circuit lines (132 kV to 400 kV) are
often equipped with duplicated line protection
and breaker failure protection on each circuit. Two
ETL500 links, each with a four-command NSD550,
are then arranged in a redundant teleprotection
scheme (operating mode “2+2”).
Important single-circuit lines (400 kV to 800 kV) are
always equipped with duplicated main protection,
breaker failure protection, and perhaps a generator
shutdown / load shedding facility. Two ETL500
links, each with a four-command NSD550, are then
arranged in a fully duplicated teleprotection scheme
(operating mode “2+2”).
An NSD550 with its four commands can also be
used for phase-segregated protection of a three-
phase line (operating mode “3+1”). The non-coded

Redundant protection of a dual-circuit line Duplicated protection for a single-circuit line

Line 1 A Phase
B Phase

ETL500 ETL500

MP1 Line 1 A MP1 A

CF1 CF1
MP2 Line 2 B MP2 B

BFP Line 1 C BFP C

BFP Line 2 D NSD550 GSD/LS D NSD550

ETL500 ETL500

MP1 Line 2 A CF2 A CF2

MP2 Line 1 B B

C C
D NSD 550 D NSD550

MP1: 1st main protection Line 2 MP1: 1st main protection B Phase
MP2: 2nd main protection B Phase MP2: 2nd main protection
BFP: breaker failure protection BFP: breaker failure protection GSD: generator shot down
+ overvoltage protection + overvoltage protection LS: load shedding
+ compensator protection CF: coupling filter + compensator protection CF: coupling filter

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 Multi-command transmission without bandwidth requirement.
commands A, B, and C then mean “permission to
trip phase A, B, or C”; in the event of a 2-phase or
3-phase fault, the coded command D means “per-
mission to trip all three phases”.
In its minimum configuration with one type G4AI
interface module, the NSD550 can convey up to
four commands in operating mode “2+2” or “3+1”.
The relay interface provides four opto-coupler inputs
and four solid-state outputs plus two heavy-duty
(electromechanical) relay outputs with change-
over contacts. The inputs / outputs on the interface
module are programmable; if a command requires
two output contacts, for example, both outputs can
be assigned to one interface or even to different
interfaces. More inputs / outputs are easily achieved
by inserting additional relay interfaces.
TDM-BUS (ETL500 BACK PLANE)
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An “unblocking” command used in directional com-
parison or in permissive tripping schemes with over-
reaching first zone can be allocated to one or more
outputs on the relay interface module. Note that
“unblocking” commands are not transmitted from the
remote end, but automatically produced by certain
types of line faults.
Each G4AI input can be set for:
■ Command A, B, C, or D
■ Start criterion from protection relay
Each G4AI output can be set for:
■ Command A, B, C, or D
■ Complete loss of incoming signals
(“unblocking”)
■ Rx guard signal (present)
■ Tx command A, B, C, or D acknowledge
■ G4AI interface alarm
■ NSD alarms: system, link, or hardware
■ ETL alarms: system or warning
Relay interface type G4AI provides four inputs, four fast solid state
outputs, and two heavy-duty relay contacts. All inputs / outputs
are galvanically isolated and potential-free.
Light Emitting Diodes on the front panel show the status of the
board (Alarm, Ready, Warning) and the state of each input / output
(active, quiescent).
The module is communicating via the TDM (Time Division Multiplex)
bus, which is integrated in the back plane, with the RF-converter
type P4LQ.
The command interfaces to the protection relays
are potential-free and isolated from ground and all
other circuits. The command and alarm signals are
connected to isolating terminals (4 mm2) by cables
type V9MM which plug into the rear of the relay
interfaces.
By means of the MMI500 interface, the user can
program how the command outputs respond to a
channel failure, i. e. to SNR alarm or Rx level alarm:
■ alarm does not influence output
■ alarm sets output to quiescent state
■ alarm sets coded output to quiescent state,
non-coded outputs are set to command state
■ alarm “freezes” output in state existing
before alarm condition occurred
Cyclic and manual loop tests allow in-service testing
of the teleprotection channel.
Integrated trip counters and an event recorder which
stores more than 2000 command start/ stop and
alarm events with 1 ms resolution support investiga-
tions in case of faults or abnormal conditions in
the high-voltage network. The event recorder can
be synchronized to an external time signal (e. g.
GPS = Global Positioning System) receiver for accu-
rate time stamping. The display of events is possible
in text and graphical views on the MMI500.
Operating principle
The NSD550 uses the pilot signal of the ETL550
as a guard signal. It is continuously evaluated on the
receiver side. In case of insufficient signal quality
(signal-to-noise ratio or signal level) the NSD550
initiates an alarm.
For special purpose, e. g. transit relaying of NSD550
signals in a repeater station, a separate guard signal
for the teleprotection may be programmed. It is
then located on top of the chosen speech frequency
band (2.0, 2.2, or 2.4 kHz).
In the command state, the NSD550 cuts the guard
signal (pilot and own guard) and transmits the com-
mand signal within the ETL500 speech frequency
band. The command signal can be boosted to the
maximum available transmitter power. Speech
and selected data signals on both PLC channels are
interrupted during the short time of command trans-
mission.
A start criterion from the protection relay may be
used to prepare the channel for transmission of pro-
tection signals by switching off speech in advance.
As soon as the receiver recognizes the missing
guard signal and simultaneously detects a valid com-
mand signal, the corresponding output is operated.
Simultaneous reception or simultaneous loss of a
command signal and the guard signal leads to an
alarm.
If the duration of a command transmission exceeds
10 seconds, an alarm will be given at the transmit
end and the guard signal as well as speech and
superimposed data channels are switched on again.
Eight preset frequencies corresponding to the
various commands or command combinations are
provided in the PLC speech frequency band. A non-
coded command signal is represented by a single
frequency for obtaining the best practical signal-to-
noise ratio and short command transmission time in
the PLC channel. When coded signal transmission is
used, the command signal is switched between two
discrete frequencies to give added security against
speech and interference.
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 NSD550 TECHNICAL DATA.
System Data

Commands for operating mode “2+2” A, B, A+B (non-coded) 2

(“2 non-coded + 2 coded”) C, D, C+D (coded) 2
C+B, D+A (coded) i. e. 4 altogether

Commands for operating mode “3+1” A, B, C (non-coded) 3

(“3 non-coded + 1 coded”) D (coded) 1

Command duration without alarm < 10 s

back-to-guard state (with alarm) > 10 s

Priority rules
Injected commands Transmitted commands Transmission mode
Op. mode “2+2” Op. mode “3+1” Op. mode “2+2” Op. mode “3+1”

A A A non-coded non-coded
B B B non-coded non-coded
A+B A+B D non-coded coded
C C C coded non-coded
D D D coded coded
C+D C+D D coded coded
A+C C D coded coded
A+D A+D D coded coded
B+C B+C D coded coded
B+D D D coded coded
A+B+C B+C D coded coded
A+B+D A+D D coded coded
A+C+D C+D D coded coded
B+C+D C+D D coded coded
A+B+C+D C+D D coded coded

Transmission time T0
Nominal transmission times Relay interface contact type:
including PLC equipment solid state heavy-duty
delay and operating times
of the relay interface non-coded tripping signals T01: 10 ms 18 ms
T02: 14 ms 22 ms
T03: 20 ms 28 ms
coded tripping signals T01: 16 ms 24 ms
T02: 26 ms 34 ms
T03: 46 ms 54 ms

Security and dependability 2 steps dependable secure

Security non-coded tripping signals T01: Puc < 10-4 Puc < 10-6
(Puc according to IEC 60834-1 T02: Puc < 10-6 Puc < 10-10
with 200 ms noise bursts / 1 s pause) T03: Puc < 10-9 Puc < 10-15
coded tripping signals T01: Puc < 10-8 Puc < 10-12
T02: Puc < 10-12 Puc < 10-20
T03: Puc < 10-18 Puc < 10-30

Dependability non-coded tripping signals T01: 6 dB 9 dB

(required SNR in 4 kHz T02: 3 dB 6 dB
bandwidth for Pmc < 1 % in 1.3 T0) T03: 0 dB 3 dB
coded tripping signals T01: 6 dB 9 dB
T02: 3 dB 6 dB
T03: 0 dB 3 dB

Transmitter
Level guard signal: ETL pilot –6 dBm0
or separate guard signal –6 dBm0
nominal tripping signal 0 dBm0
test signal 0 dBm0

Spurious signal suppression 0.3 ... 4 kHz > 80 dB

> 4 kHz > 80 dB

Signal boosting continuously adjustable 0 to 10 dB

depending on the channel load
in the PLC equipment

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Receiver
Level guard signal –6 dBm0
nominal tripping signal 0 dBm0
test signal 0 dBm0

Dynamic range 30 dB
minimum level – 15 dBm0
maximum level +15 dBm0

Guard signal frequencies

ETL pilot programmable 2160 Hz ... 3840 Hz
in steps of 60 Hz
standard setting 3840 Hz

Separate NSD550 guard depending on speech bandwidth 2240 Hz / 2440 Hz / 2640 Hz

guard channel bandwidth 480 Hz

Command prolongation continuously variable 0 ... 3 s (resolution 1 ms)

(trip extension) default non-coded signals 0 ms
default coded signals 100 ms

Alarms
Alarm relay pick-up delay setting range 1.0 to 15 s
default 10 s

Alarm relay reset delay setting range 1.0 to 15 s

default 1s

Ambient conditions
Climatic conditions complies with IEC 60721-3-3, class 3K5
Mechanical conditions complies with IEC 60721-3-3, class 3M1

Conformity
EMC Directive 89 / 336 / EEC
Low-Voltage Directive 73 / 23 / EEC
Product standard IEC 60834-1 “Teleprotection Equipment of Power Systems – Performance and Testing – Part 1:
Command Systems”

Relay Interface Type G4AI

Signal inputs
No. of inputs 4 (galvanically isolated by opto-couplers)
Method of tripping contact and battery or contact only (internal aux. supply voltage, programmable)
Nominal battery voltage (24, 48, 60, 110, 125, 220, 250) VDC
Contact burden 2 ... 10 mA

Signal outputs (solid state)

No. of outputs 4 (galvanically isolated)
Normally Open contact solid-state relay, bounce-free
Tripping voltage 5 ... 250 VDC
Tripping current ≤ 2 A;
ON / OFF ratio ≤ 1/3 up to 5 min. / 15 min. max.
Continuous command ≤1A

Signal outputs (relay)

No. of outputs 2 (galvanically isolated)
Normally Open contact mono stable, electromechanical relay,
or Normally Closed contact programmable with jumpers
Tripping voltage 5 ... 250 VDC
Rated current ≤ 5 A carry (up to 45 °C)

EMC
Meets the EMC requirements for Emission EN 50081-2 (EN 55022 class A)
Immunity EN 50082-2

Electrical safety
Meets the safety requirements for IEC 60950 / EN 60950

Modifications or deviations which are due to technical progress are reserved.

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 The right to modifications or deviations due to technical progress is reserved.

ABB Switzerland Ltd

© ABB Switzerland Ltd, March 2003.
2000 03.03 Printed in Switzerland

Utility Automation Systems

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