UNIT

1 MONEY MATTERS
Objective:

3. Listen again to the first person. Complete the information in

Topic Talk the gaps. (Audio track)

1. In which of the photos (A-C) are people spending, earning,
or saving money? Check the correct space ( X ).
I’m quite good with 1 ________________. I get a six pounds a
2
___________ pocket money. I do a part-time 3 ________,
too.
I save about fifty pounds a 4 __________ and put it in my bank
account. I don’t use my 5 _________ a lot. I enjoy 6 ________ .

4. Listen and repeat the numbers.

A C unidades decenas
a. six
b. sixteen
c. thirty
d. thirteen
e. fifty
f. fifteen

5. Complete the description by filling in the gaps with the

words from the Word Bank.
B
I’m quite careful 1 with money. I 2 _______ $20 3 __________
money a week from my parents. I also have a part-time
spending, earning, or saving ?
4
_________ on the weekends where I 5 __________ $60 a
week. Since I am very good with my money, I can
Photo A ( ) ( ) ( ) 6
____________ about $30 a month that I always put it in my 7
_________________________________________________
_________ account. I usually 8 _______ money on
Photo B ( ) ( ) ( ) cosmetics, but I don’t spend a lot of money 9 _____ clothes. I
_________________________________________________ enjoy shopping 10 _____ shopping centers because there is a
lot of choice.
Photo C ( ) ( ) ( )
_________________________________________________
Word Bank
at with earn pocket save job get bank on spend
2. Listen to four people (1-4). Match them with their “money
personality”.
6. Work in Pairs. Use the information in Exercise 5 to talk
about how you manage your money.
worries a lot is good
about money at making spends a lot saves a lot Example 1:
money
A: I’m very good with money. I can save 30 dollars a
month, and I always put it in my bank account.
B: I enjoy shopping at shopping centers.
1. _________________________________
2. _________________________________ Example 2:
3. _________________________________ A: I’m not very good with money. I spend a lot on
4. _________________________________ clothes.
B: I often spend a lot on cosmetics.
LESSON 1 Saving Money 4. Use the above Skills Builder strategies as you read To Save
Dollars is to Earn Dollars! again. Then answer with:
T (true), or F (false). Example: Jean is not very frugal. ____
T
1. You can be frugal and also look cool. _____
2. Jean says these are great, money-saving tips! _____
3. A way to save is to look for sales with discounts of more
than 50% off the regular prices. _____
4. Brad advises Jean not to see any films or DVDs. _____
To Save Dollars is to Earn Dollars!

Brad: Let me pay for your lunch, Jean.

Jean: You always have a bit of extra money, but we earn the
same monthly salary! What is your secret, Brad?
Warm Up Brad: I’m frugal: I don’t spend money on unnecessary things.
Jean: So, you save your money for important things…
Brad: Right! I see that you are wearing designer jeans. You
1. In pairs, decide which three tips are the best to save money. don’t need to buy expensive jeans with a brand name if
Do you have any other money-saving ideas to share with the you want to save money! I can get you a pair of
class? comforttable jeans, or a pair of sunglasses that are
half-price!
Jean: Really?
1. If someone gives you a gift of money, save it in the bank.
Brad: Yeah. You didn’t have to fork out money for that white,
2. Check out prices in different places before you purchase.
cotton blouse or that pair of silver earrings. To look cool,
3. Try to sell old things you don’t need to your neighbors.
you don’t have to pay much money for a new top, or for
4. Shop in places like “La Bahía” in Guayaquil, or online.
fantasy costume jewelry. People think it’s real metal.
5. Look for bargains at small shops and used clothing stores.
Jean: I need a bit of information and advice about these
6. Buy things days after the holidays like Christmas and
things!
Valentine’s Day.
Brad: Look at this vintage, leather, Hard-Rock-Cafe jacket.
It’s valuable, but it only cost me $10.
2. Quickly read the To Save Dollars is to Earn Dollars! Jean: How do you find so many cheap things? I need a bit of
Which two tips in Warm Up, Exercise 1 are mentioned in the paper to write on to take some notes.
Reading dialogue? # ____ # _____ Brad: I always look for bargains at used clothing stores and in
small shops away from the crowd. And at special fairs, I
check out things like: a bottle of perfume or after-shave
3. Read the dialogue again. Match the words in blue with the lotion, a packet of peanuts, or a box of chocolates.
these definitions: Jean: These are great, money-saving tips!
Brad: Don’t buy a packet of sweets as a present; make a
cake. Don’t buy a bouquet of roses; go to your garden
mean
Example: - stingy, not generous, not nice = _______ to get the flowers. Don’t buy a can of lemonade, make
some lemonade or orange juice in the kitchen. Look for
a. careful with money ___________ sales with discounts of more than 50% (fifty percent) off
the regular prices. You can find things at very low prices
b. to pay out much money _________ ________ in places like “La Bahía” in Guayaquil, or online.
c. old, but valuable ___________ Jean: What else do you advise me to do? Tell me more!
d. a T-shirt or a blouse ______ Brad: Don’t go to a film premier at the cinema. Have a bit of
fun at home with your friends. Wait to see them on TV,
e. low-priced items _____________ Netflix, or on DVD. I can give you some of my DVDs!
f. a big group of people ___________ Jean: Thanks, Brad. You are very generous!
g. to find out about __________ ______ Brad: I thought my father was mean and nasty when he
bought me an old, used car, but we saved lots of money!
h. a group of flowers ______________
It’s in good condition. It’s better than my uncle’s new car!
i. the first night of a film _______ ________________ Jean: Speaking of your car, Brad, I have a class in 15 minutes
at the university. Can you take me there?
Brad: Sure. Let’s go!
Jean: Good! With a bit of luck, I’m going to get to class on
Skills Builder: Reading for Specific Information: time!
5. Word Builder Fill in the blanks with these partial quantities,
• Read to get the general idea of the text. called Partitives: a bit of *, a bottle of, a pair of, a box of,
• Read True/False statements. First guess if they’re a bouquet of, a packet of, a can of
T or F using the pictures to help you.
1. a _bit of__ advice/money/information/paper/fun/luck/water
• Find the important words and expressions. Ex. frugal 2. a ____________ jeans/sunglasses/earrings/socks/trousers
• Locate the places in the text that give the answers to the 3. a _______________ perfume/after-shave/lemonade/juice
questions. Read them carefully to check your guesses. 4. a _______________ sweets/peanuts/biscuits/crisps
• When you are not sure, guess the possible right answer. 5. a. ______________ shoes/chocolates/matches/markers
6. a _______________ cola/lemonade/beans
7. a ____________________ flowers/roses

NOTE:* a bit of is used with all uncountable nouns. See a list of partitives onli-
ne: https://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/nouns-uncountable-partitive-list.htm
Speaking
6. In Exercise 5, look at the Partitive words and the word
examples that follow them. Replace some in the exercise
below with the correct Partitive. The Partitives in red in the
dialogue, To Save Dollars is to Earn Dollars! can help you.
Writing
10. Imagine that you want to sell something here.
Write an advertisement (ad.) for it using a few descriptive
adjectives in the correct order (opinion, size/age, color,
material, make/type), followed by the item (a noun).

I got some advice from a friend about how to save money. He

told me he can get some sunglasses for me for half-price,
so I’ll have some extra money to get some perfume for my
mother for her birthday. Maybe I’ll have enough money to get
food to eat and drink, too, like some sweets, some peanuts,
and some cola. With some luck, I can buy my mother some
flowers!

7. In pairs: Read these two ads. Select one advert.

Is it a good value? Tell what you think. Why/Why not?

T-shirt It’s a medium, cotton, Hard-Rock-Cafe T-shirt, $1 used,

but in good condition. Text me: Whats App +59399887766554

After-Shave Lotion:
(similar to cologne)
-nearly-full, Old Spice After-Sha-
ve
-starting at $3 11. Bring an item to class. Try to sell it.
Text offers to: +59391122334455

8. To describe an item in English, a list of adjectives go in this order: (They are followed by the noun they describe.)

Opinion Size or Age Color Material Make or Type

interesting small blue cotton Calvin Klein
boring medium red polyester Old Navy
easy large orange wool Nike
difficult extra-large (XL) yellow leather Casio
expensive big green denim Toyota
cheap new/old black metal men’s / women’s
nice young/old brown silver football / soccer
nasty 3-year-old grey/gray gold casual / formal
generous nearly-new purple plastic running
mean size-39 silver wood role-playing (game)
9. Think of an item to describe. Write that noun at the end on the right, under the X. Then choose an adjective from each column
above, and write each descriptor in the correct order.

Example: X
-an expensive, extra-large, black, leather, Harley-Davidson, jacket
1. -a _________________ _________________ _______________ __________ _________________ ______________
2. -a _________________ _________________ _______________ __________ _________________ ______________
3. -a _________________ _________________ _______________ __________ _________________ ______________
LESSON 2 My favorite shop 5. In the first review, find six examples of the present perfect.

Warm Up
6. Use the cues to make sentences in the Present Perfect.
1. Look at the shop in this photo. It probably sells which of the
following things? Circle. a. Geo/find/all the DVDs/at Platform 9 ¾
Ex. Geo has found all the
costumes DVDs comics food DVDs at Platform 9 ¾.
computers magazines masks games b. Janice/buy/some great presents there.
c. Janice/see/famous people/a couple of times/in the
shop.
2. Read the Platform 9 ¾ and the Magical Barrier reviews to d. Geo/not buy/a book with JK Rolling´s signature.
see if you would you like to visit the shops. Why, or why not?
e. Janice/be/to the shop/many times.
f. Janice/spend a lot of money there.

7. Look at the Sentence Builder, and complete the sentences

below with the correct form of the Present Perfect with ever or
never.

Sentence Builder: ever/never

Have you ever visited Platform 9 ¾?
I have never left without a bargain.
Ex.
a. My dad has never bought (buy) clothes in a second-hand
shop.
b. ________________ (you/sell) anything?
c. I _________ (visit) an open-air market.
d. ____________________(you and your friends/spend) all
day in a shopping mall?
e. My parents ________________ (give) me expensive
presents.
f. __________________(you/be) to a designer shop?

8. Look at the Sentence Builder below. Which word, already or

yet, is used in:
a) affirmative sentences?
b) questions/negative sentences?.
Sentence Builder already / yet
They have already ordered it.
Have you been to Platform 9 ¾ yet?
3. Read the reviews again. Which of the reviewers, Geo, or I haven´t been there yet.
Janice:

a. is into reading books? 9. Work in Pairs. Use the cues to make dialogues with
already or yet.
__________________________
b. has a family who likes fantasy? Ex. A: visit Platform 9 ¾
__________________________ B: found a job
c. has met someone famous in the shop? A: Have you visited Platform 9 ¾
yet?
__________________________
B: No, I haven’t. But I have already
found a job.
Present Perfect (2)
4. Read the present perfect sentences from the text. Underline 1. A: buy a Valentine’s Day
the correct words in the rule below. present.
B: save some money to buy it.
Good examples:
a. I have always found great presents here.
2. A: do your homework.
b. I have bought ……
B: read some grammar books.
c. I have seen famous people in here a couple of times.
Rule: Correct it by underlining. 3. A: buy a cellphone.
B: choose one.
We use the present perfect when…
-we know /
4. A: go to see Civil War.
-we do not know or care about / exactly
B: plan to go on Saturday.
when the past action happened.
10. Listen to two dialogs. Correct the mistakes in the 11. Work in pairs. Use the cues to make dialogues
following sentences.
1. Jake has seen Hugh Grant. ____________________ A starts: B answers:
1. become a parent 1. got a lot of niblings
____________________________________________
2. volunteer work toward 2. teach the Bible in my
2. Colin has been to the Alps._____________________ an important cause community
____________________________________________ 3. serve your country 3. be part of the Red Cross
4. find a dream job 4. find a career
3. Sara has climbed Ben Nevis. ___________________
4. ___________________________________________
B starts: A answers:
5. Amy has seen Brad Pitt and George Clooney on the 1. buy used clothes 1. buy used books
“telly”. _______________________________________ 2. be physical fit 2. be healthy
3. start my own business 3. sell catalogs clothes
_____________________________________________ 4. teach adults 4. teach children

11. Use the cues to write true sentences about your life. Use the present perfect and already or yet.

pass my driving test be abroad read Otelo choose a future working place see …(a new film, etc.)
have a girlfriend/boyfriend watch the news today finish my English project drive a car

LESSON 3 Language Review 5. I haven’t forgotten my first love. (already / yet)

1. Complete the sentences using the present perfect.
Ex: Marlon has played video games seven times! (play)
1. __________________ the handbag that she bought in
Guayaquil. (she / lose)
2. Someone ____________ my English book. (steal)
3. Ms. Párraga is a little worried, because she
__________________ any money. (not / save)
4. Daniel _____________ much money because, he a frugal
person. (not / spend)
5. ________________ an Ecuadorian feature-length film?
(we / see)
2. Choose the correct adverb in parenthesis. Rewrite the sen-
tences and put it in the correct place.
1. Have you bought a bouquet of roses to your wife? (ever /
never)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
2. Has she found money in a taxi? (ever / never)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
3. Negative: My family has won the lottery.(ever/never)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
4. Carlos and Bryan have found a new job in the shopping
center. (already / yet)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
6. Have they finished their new project? (already / yet)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
3. Complete the dialogue between Mauricio and Mary. Use the
word in parenthesis.
Mauricio: Hi, Mary! Long time no see!
Mary: I have ____________in Quito for 3 years.
(be) I have ___________ finished my
career there. (already / yet)
Mauricio: Wow! I haven’t finished my career
_________ (already / yet)
I have _________ so hard in a bookshop
(work) because, my family hasn’t had
enough money to help me. Have you
_______ worked in a bookshop to earn
money? (never / ever).
Mary: I have ____________ it, (never / ever / do)
but, I have saved money by buying in
Charity shops and looking for good prices
online, because my family _______(have)
spent a lot of money on my career.
Mauricio: OK, Mary, I have to buy some fruit,
poultry and vegetables. Do you want to
come along with me?
Mary: Sure!
4. Put the following words in order to make sentences.
1.
lost / I / my / have / wallet / money. / fork out / to / have / I / and
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
2.
she / shop / woman’s / a / in / bought / has / small blouse / a
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
 UNIT
2 GREAT STORIES
Objective: Tell stories, read and listen to them; write a personal email; grammar: Simple past, Past
Continuous and Present Perfect.

Topic Talk
1. Look at the photographs
(a-c). Which of them seems
more fascinating? Why?

C B

2. While you listen to an audio selection, match each of the Categories:

three descriptions (1-3) with the photos (A-C). a/an adventure story, detective story, etc..
More stories: a science-fiction story, cowboy…,
• Photo A = description ____ . fantasy…, horror…, crime…, folk…, ghost…,
• Photo B = description ____ . short…, love story; an historical book/film.
• Photo C = description ____ .
a comedy, documentary, romance, classic,
comedy, fairy tale, bestseller, thriller.
3. Listen again to the second description about Avatar.
Complete the information in the chart.

Opinions:
One of my favorite 1 videos / books / films interesting, boring, imaginative, exciting, funny,
/ is Avatar by James Camron. Avatar is an brilliant, depressing , beautiful, romantic, sad,
2
_________________________ story, scary, violent.
and it’s really 3 ____________________ .
It takes place on a planet called Pandora.
Pandora’s got some 4 ________________
plants and animals, and some 5 ________
people. The film is about a soldier who cannot
walk, but he controls an Avatar who meets the
_______________ Zöe.

4. Group Work: Use the chart to talk about your favorite book
or movie.
LESSON 1 Ghost Stories
Warm Up
1. Look at the pictures about ghosts. Do you believe in
ghosts? Have you ever seen or heard about ghosts?
Everyone has seen this little boy ghost many times. Once,
he came into my brother’s room and got into bed with him!
My brother thought that it was our nephew. Another time at
Christmas, my sister saw him peeking around the furniture in
the house, and also peeking at us inside of our house from
outside!?’’

2. Read the ghost stories and answer the questions.

Grammar, Simple Past and the
Past Continuous
4. Read the stories again and read only the underlined verbs.

5. In this chart, write six regular verbs and six irregular verbs
that you find underlined in the Peek-a-Boo Boy Ghost story.

Regular Irregular
Ex. live Ex. make
1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.
6. 6.

3. After reading the stories, answer these questions.

6. Complete the table with sentences with words in blue from
1. Where do the two stories take place? the texts.
Frankenghost: _____________________________
Affirmative Negative
Peek-a-Boo Boy Ghost: ______________________
2. Were the ghosts frightening people? ____________ When Frankenghost ____ He wasn’t ____________
living in a haunted house... .
3. Which one was peeking at people? _____________
4. Who was invisible? __________________________ Questions Short Answers
Was he ___________ Yes, he _______.
Frankenghost frightening by noises?
When Frankenghost was living in a haunted house, he was _______ the boy ghost No, he _______.
scaring people when they were visiting. Was he making scaring us?
frightening noises? Yes, he was. He wasn’t sleeping, but just
stayed awake day and night so that he wouldn’t miss a chance
to terrify visitors! He wasn’t walking or even running: he was 7. Match the events according the tenses.
floating near the ceiling. He was invisible. If he was wearing
1. Simple Past 2. Past Continuous
his skeleton costume for Halloween, you could see that his
heart was beating underneath. While he was feasting on bats
and spiders for breakfast, he was thinking of things to do! a. All kind of strange things happened in this home _____
b. While we were living there…_____
Peek-a-Boo Boy Ghost c. As I was leaving…____
Peter said, “All kinds of strange things happened at my d. I went outside on the porch of their house. _____
parent’s house. While we were living there, everyone had
experienced something unusual. I have experienced things
too, but I will tell you this story. 8. Circle Past Continuous or Simple Past to make each
I was living somewhere else at the time, but one night on my statement true.
way to work I thought I would stop by and see my parents. As
a. We use the Past Continuous / Simple Past to talk about an
I was leaving, I went outside on the porch of their house. My
action in progress at a particular time in the past.
little nephew and my dad were saying goodbye to me. Then
b. The Past Continuous / Simple Past is used to talk about
they went back inside and shut the door.
completed actions in the past.
I was going to my car, and, as I backed my car up, I looked
c. Use the Past Continuous / Simple Past to talk about an
into my rearview mirror and saw a little boy peeking from
action in progress interrupted by another action.
around the corner of the house. I stopped, knowing my
nephew was in the house, but I blew my horn and dad stepped
Circle the set of words that make each statement true.
out. I asked if Shawn was still inside the house. He said that
he was. Was the boy ghost scaring us? No, he wasn’t. He
d. Be (was, were) / did is the Auxiliar Verb for the Past
was just peeking out at all of us from around the corner of the
Continuous.
house.
e. We add -ing / -ed to the roots of Regular Verbs in the Past
Continuous
Practice Grammar

Sentences with Present Continuous + Simple Present Practice

While I was watching TV, my friend texted me. Telling Anecdotes

A continuous action in the Present Continuous tense 11. Listen to a conversation between some friends about what
+ an action that occurred at a specific point in time in they did on their holiday. Answer the questions.
the past
a.Who didn’t go on vacation? __________________
b.Who got very wet? _____________
c.Who did a favor stranger for a stranger?_________
7. Complete the sentences. Put the verbs in parentheses into
the Simple Past or the Past Continuous.
12. Work in Pairs. Look at the pictures and describe the situa-
1. While I (drive), I (have) an accident. tions using the Simple Past and Past Continuous.
Ex. While I was driving, I had an accident.
2. Kate (have) dinner when her friend (call).
____________________________________________
3. The thieves (hide) in the kitchen as the police (come) in.
____________________________________________
4. Sam (plan) a party when his mom (phone) him.
____________________________________________
5. While we (clean) the house, we (break) some glasses.
____________________________________________
6. Alan (look) out of the window when he (see) a UFO!
____________________________________________

Sentences with Simple Present + Present Continuous

Someone interrupted me while I was speaking.

An action that occurred at a specific point in time in the

past + a continuous action in the Present Continuous

8. Work in Pairs. Give your partner some situations that

happened and ask him or her to complete them using Past
Continuous.

Ex. The doorbell rang… when I was taking a shower.

1. I missed the bus… ___________________________.
2. The policeman arrived… ______________________.
3. My parents became angry…___________________.
4. The lights went off just as _____________________.
5. My books got lost ___________________________.
6. When I phoned my friends…___________________.

9. Write a story (80 words) starting with:

It all happened five years ago …..

_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
LESSON 2 Novels
Warm Up
1. Look at the pictures (a-d) from the Count of Monte Cristo.
Try to predict the order of the events.
A B
C D
Reading
2. Quickly read Part I of the novel, and check your deductions
from Exercise 1.
3. Read the story. Answer these questions.
1. Why did the king’s soldiers arrest Dantes?
Because he took a secret letter from Napoleon to the
King’s enemies. (Also, because Danglars was jealous
of him.)
2. Where did the judge send Edmond Dantes?
________________________________________________
3. Where did they force him to stay?
________________________________________________
4. Who was Faria and What did he teach to Edmond?
________________________________________________
5. Where did Faria tell Edmond find the treasure?
________________________________________________
6. Who did the guards throw in the bag?
________________________________________________
7. How did Edmond escape from the island?
________________________________________________
The Count of Monte Cristo, Part I
The year was 1814, and Napoleon -the ex-emperor of
France - was in exile on the island of Elba in the
Mediterranean Sea. Louis XVIII was now King. Young Edmond
Dantes, a sailor on a French ship, passed by the Island of
Elba, and agreed to take a secret letter from Napoleon to his
political supporters, a group of Bonapartist sympathizers in
Paris, France who were enemies of the King! When Edmond
returned to the port city of Marseilles where he was born, he
proposed marriage to his beautiful girlfriend, Mercedes and
they were soon to marry. Danglars, a Royalist judge, was also
in love with Mercedes, so he was jealous of Edmond who was
now very popular and successful.
When he found out about the secret letter that Edmond
brought from Napoleon to the enemies of the King who wanted
to overthrow him, he decided to use this as an excuse to stop
Edmond from marrying Mercedes. On the day of Edmond’s
wedding to his love, the king’s soldiers came to his house and
arrested him to put him in the prison of Chateau d’If. Edmond
saw that terrible castle from the boat, and knew that nobody
ever leaves there alive!
He passed days, weeks and months in that small underground
cell. Edmond was afraid of going mad there. One evening he
heard a noise. Suddenly, an old man appeared and climbed
out of a tunnel through a hole in the floor. He was a wise priest
who immediately introduced himself. He and Edmond became
very good friends in the dark cell, and Faira taught the sailor
much about languages and sciences. Edmond took care of
Faria when he became very ill, and he saved his life. Faria
later told Edmond about an incredible treasure to be found on
the small island of Monte Cristo.
A few years later, when Faria died, and remembering that
‘Only dead people leave this prison!’ Edmond got into the bag
in which the guards had put Faria’s dead body, thus
exchanging it with his own! Previously, he had taken Faria’s
body back to the prison cell and put it in his bed. Now inside
the bag, Edmond waited silently and patiently for the guards
to take him away. Finally, two guards carried Edmond outside.
They tied a heavy stone around his feet so the body in the bag
would sink to the sea floor! He could hear big waves around
the prison. He felt cold, but fortunately Edmond - the
sailor - was not afraid of the sea. As expected, the guards
picked up the bag and threw it out into the air from the castle
walls to the sea. Edmond fell far. He then hit the water and
sank down into the sea. The stone pulled him down, but
fortunately Edmond took a knife with him to cut open the bag.
He then cut off the stone and came to the surface. Surviving
this terrible experience, and after so many years in prison, he
was free at last!
4. What typical stories do you know in Ecuador? Which one is
your favorite?
Listening
5. Part 2 of the Story. Listen, then answer True (T) or False
(F).
1. Edmond saw a small ship coming toward him. ____
2. He asked them to take him back to the prison. ____
3. He took the map to look for the treasure in Monte Cristo. ___
4. Edmond took some gold bars that he found in a house. ___
5. With the gold, he bought a boat when he got to port. ___
6. He got all of the treasure upon returning to Monte Cristo.___
Vocabulary
6. Match each Two-Part Verb (a-g) with its meaning of (1-5).
a. come back ___ e. go straight ___
b. go back ___ f. go away ___
c. sail back ___ g. pick up ___
d. get to ___
Meaning:
1. go directly 4. arrive at
2. collect someone 5. leave
3. return (x3)
7. Change these sentences so that they apply to your life:
1. My brother always picks me up from the university at 6:00.
Ex. My father sometimes picks me up from work at 12:00.
2. I often get to the university at nine o’clock.
_________________________________________________
3. When I get home from the university, I go straight to bed.
_________________________________________________
4. In March, I go back to the university after vacations.
_________________________________________________
5. I don’t like it when my cousin goes away from home.
_________________________________________________
6. I went back to my last job this week.
_________________________________________________
LESSON 3 All About Love
Grammar
Warm Up.
1. A Typical Romance. Put these phrases in the usual order
of events:
go out together be in a romance meet
fall in love ask a person out get along well
go on a date get engaged
2. Read the text. How did Daniel and Marie meet? How did
they get engaged?
Reading
Love is All Around
A man fell in love with a girl he just met on a flight from Guaya-
quil to Santiago, Chile, and the airline helped him find her.
Marie, in seat 3B, and Daniel, in 3C, got along fabulously, but
Daniel was timid and he didn’t ask Marie for her cell phone
number. Later, he contacted the airline with a message for
Marie, “Please get in touch with me!”
8. Work in Groups. Choose two of the topics to test your
memory of the story by looking at Part 1 again. Then close
your books and write notes.
Faria -wise priest who taught Edmond
Faria -became ill.
• information about the characters
• what happened (the events in the story)
• information about the places/objects
9. In the Same Groups. One student begins with a fact from
Part 1 and the next person has to continue the story. People
take turns until a person can’t think of what comes next in the
story.
A. Faria died.
B. Edmond put Faria’s dead body in his bed.
C. Edmond got in the bag.
D. He waited there for the guards to take with away.
E. Two guards carried Edmond outside.
Marie called him and agreed to go on a date. They told us
about their romantic encounter.
Daniel said, “I’ve never met a woman like Marie. I fell in love
with her at first sight.”
Marie said, “I’ve fallen in love a few times but not like this. This
is a fairytale romance.”
A spokeswoman for the airline said, “We have had all types of
situations: people have lost their valuables, men have asked
for our flight attendants’ cell phone numbers, and even a few
flight attendants have asked for passenger information. There
have been some awkward requests but not like this one.”
Daniel and Marie have just got married and are now on their
honeymoon in The Caribbean
3. Read the following statements (1-4) from the text and match
them with what these two forms of the past tense tell us (a-b).
1. Marie has fallen in love a few times. ____
2. Daniel fell in love with her at first sight. ___
3. Daniel didn’t ask Marie for her cell phone number.___
4. Men have asked for our flight attendants’ cell phone
numbers. ___
a. It happened at a specific time in the past. (e.g. during
the flight to Santiago, Chile)
b. It happened sometime in the past before now. (We don’t
know – or it is not important to know– exactly when.
a: _____ b: _____
4. Match the statements (1-2) with the drawings (a-b). 6. Complete the sentences with the verbs in present perfect or
the simple past.
Which activity (1-2) happened recently, having visible
consequences on into the present? ___ 1. A: 1 Have you ever been (you/ever be) married?
B: No, I 2 __________________ (not be) married, but
Which happened at a specific time in the past? ____
I 3 _______ (be) engaged a few times.
I 4 _________ (meet) my girlfriend in 2016, when
1. They have fallen in love. I 5 _________ (go) body surfing in Canoa, Manabí.
2. They fell in love in 1963.
2. A: How 1 __________ (your parents /meet)?
B: On a bus. My dad 2 ________ (help) my mom to
5. Write the letter of the responses (a-d) after the right carry her backpack.
questions (1-4) A: Are they happy?
B: Oh, yes, I 3 _____________________ (never/see)
a better couple.
7. Work in Pairs. Use the Word Bank below to start conversa-
1. Why are you so sad? ___ a. I’ve fallen in love. tions about past experiences. Then ask two questions for more
2. Why did you get engaged? ___ b. I can’t find love details.
3. Is Robert Downey Jr. popular c. Yes, he had a lot of Ex.
with women? ___ followers. A: Have you traveled abroad?
B: Yes, I have.
4. Was Martin Luther King, Jr. d. Yes, he has had a lot
A: Oh, really? Where did you go?
popular with his followers? ___ of girlfriends. B: I went to Cuba.

Have you ever…?

be abroad? travel far by bus? wash cars for money?
read an entire novel in English? break your nose?
earned a lot of money?

LESSON 4 Skills, Writing Workshop

2. Imagine you are John. Respond to these questions: Where
were you? / Who were you with? / What were you doing at the
time? / Then what happened? / Why was it a serious situation?
/ So, what did you do? / What finally happened? / How did you
feel?

1. Look at the pictures and read John’s email. Who is Mark? 3. Examine the email. Join the parts of the email (1-3) with:

a. his son b. his cousin c. his brother a. his experience ___

Subject: The weekend b. the introduction ___
To: Mark marksurf@play.internet.com c. the ending ___

From: John johnnycamp@32.com

4. Mark the letter (a-e) next to the words and phrases in the
email words that mean the same as:
Hi Mark,
1 How are things? I’m OK here – ‘same old, same old’ at a. Please, write. b. I’m fine. c. Give my love
school – but this last weekend I had a real adventure! d. How are you? e. Hello.
2 On Saturday, I was at my pal Tom’s ranch. We were having
a great time riding our ATVs* when suddenly Tom shouted,
“A bee has stung me!” I didn’t think it was very serious at first, 5. Find key words in blue that:
until Tom’s hand got red and swollen and he couldn’t breathe!
I phoned Sam’s mom right away. Then, I took him back to the a. describe the order of the events. (There are 4.)
ranch house on his ATV. It was only a seven-minute ride, but it Ex. At first
felt like it took hours. Fortunately, the ambulance arrived
b. describe how things happen (There are 3.)
quickly and they took him to the hospital. Finally, Sam was
all right. After that, Sam’s parents gave me one of their ATV * ______________________________________________
bikes as a reward, which made my day! c. give opinions (1) ________________________________
3 Love to Auntie Sue, Uncle Dave and grandma.
Write soon.
John * All-Terrain Vehicles
6. Look at the words in italics in the next story. Complete the 7. Write an email to a close friend about a difficult situation.
sentences by correctly choosing only one of the three
possibilities that make sense. 1. Think of a scary or difficult experience. Use the
following ideas, or create your own:
I was sunbathing at the park when I 1 / immediately /suddenly
/ quickly heard ambulance sirens. 2 After that / At first / In the an earthquake an accident
end, I thought it was a car accident, but then I saw smoke a medical emergency a robbery a street fight
downtown. I 3 suddenly / immediately / luckily called my mom
2. Write some notes to answer the questions in
on my cell phone, because her office is nearby, but she didn’t Exercise 2 about your own experience.
answer. 4 At first / In the end / After that, I rang my brother,
3. Use your notes and write the email.
but he knew nothing about it. So, I decided to walk 5 suddenly
/ quickly / later to the downtown area. I was going over the 4. Check your email for the following things:
• unclear parts of the email
bridge when my mom called me. She was all right. She 6 after
• mistakes in grammar tenses and vocabulary
that / first / immediately came over and picked me up in the • organization
car. She told me about the fire. It was in her office building, but
7
in the end / luckily / suddenly no one was hurt.

LESSON 5 Skills, Speaking workshop

4. Listen to Rachel’s reactions again and repeat them. Notice

the intonation.

5. Use the Word Bank to tell which of the oral linkers in bold
we use to: A. Hesitate? B. link two events? C. go back to your
story?
bee sting
Classify them in the chart.

1. Listen to Rachel and Jack’s conversation.

A. Hesitate B. Link Two Events C. Go Back to your story
What are they talking about?

Anyway…
2. Listen to and repeat the intonation of some reactions. (Also
see examples below in dialogue below in bold.

3. Listen to the following dialogue and fill in the blanks.

Rachael: Hi, John. How ________ the weekend?

John: OK…I had a real adventure!
Rachel: Really? What happened? 1 Err… Well, Anyway, Umm… You know,
John: Uhm…Well, I was at my pal Tom’s ranch. We _____ But then, And so, then… Uhm..
having a great time riding our ATVs.
Rachel: Uh-huh.
John: Anyway, _________ Tom shouted, “A bee has stung
me!”
Rachel: Oh, no! Too bad!
Jack: Err…well…You know, I _________ think it was 6. In Pairs. Tell a partner about a scary experience following
serious at first, until Tom’s hand ______ red and #2 and #7 of Writing Workshop, and taking notes before you
swollen and he couldn’t ________________! speak. When you listen, use reactions like those above.
Rachel: Oh, no! __________ did you ________?!?
John: I phoned Sam’s mom right away. _______ I took him
back to the ranch house on his __________ . It was
only a seven-minute _________, but it felt like it took 7. Tell the class about your scary experience.
______________ !
Rachel: You’re kidding!
John: Fortunately, the ambulance arrived ____________
and they took him to the ____________ . Finally,
Sam was all right. After that, Sam’s parents gave me
_________ ATV bikes as a reward.
Rachel: Awesome!
John: Yeah, that made my ________ !
The man in the picture
is Ali. Ali is form Saudi
Arabia, but he is living in
the United States. Ali will
stay in the United States
for one year. During the
year, Ali wants to do two
things. First, he wants to
learn English. Second, he
wants to quit smoking.
Ali has smoked for nine
years. He smokes a pack
of cigarettes every day.
Ali says, “I tried to quit
smoking in Saudi Arabia,
but it was impossible. My
What happens when people quit smoking? What
brothers smoke. My friends smoke. At parties and
happens when smokers don’t have nicotine? Peo-
at meetings, almost all the men smoke. Here in the
ple who quit smoking are often depressed and ner-
United States not as many people smoke. I think
vous for weeks. Some people want to eat sweets,
that in the United States I can stop smoking. It will
so they gain weight.
be easier to quit here”
Doctors sometimes give special chewing gum to
Many smokers are like Ali. They want to quit smo-
people who want to quit smoking. The chewing
king. They know that smoking is bad for their heal-
gum has a little nicotine in it. When smokers need
th. They know that it can cause cancer and heart
nicotine, they don’t smoke cigarettes. They chew
disease. But it is difficult for them to stop smoking;
the gum instead. Each day the smokers try to chew
it is difficult because cigarettes have a drug in
the gum less often. With the gum, people can quit
them. The drug is nicotine. People who smoke a lot
smoking and then gradually give up nicotine.
need nicotine.
It is very difficult to stop smoking. Many people
The first few times a person smokes, the smoker
who quit smoking will smoke again. At a party or
usually feels terrible. The nicotine makes the
maybe at work they will decide to smoke “just one”
person sick. In a few days, the smoker’s body gets
cigarette. Then they will smoke another cigarette,
used to the nicotine, and the smoker feels fine.
and another. Soon they are smokers again. Maybe
Later, the smoker needs nicotine to feel fine. Wi-
there is only one easy way to quit smoking: never
thout it, the smoker feels terrible. The smoker is
start.
addicted to nicotine.
LESSON 6 Culture Choice 2
Vocabulary
1. Complete the sentences. Find the right words.
1. Ali doesn’t want to smoke. He wants to _______ smoking.
a. try
b. study
c. quit
2. Smoking can ______ cancer and heart disease.
a. cause
b. help
c. separate
3. When a person smokes for the first time, the nicotine makes
the smoker sick. In a few days the smoker feels fine. The
smoker’s body ________ the nicotine.
a. gets tired of
b. gets used to
c. gets angry at
4. People who smoke a lot need nicotine. They are ________
nicotine.
a. addicted
b. afraid of
c. worried about
Discussion
4. Think about these questions. Discuss your answers with
your classmates.
1. Do you smoke? Do many men in Ecuador smoke?
Do many women here smoke?
2. In the United States, cigarette companies advertise
in magazines and newspapers, but not on TV or on
the radio. Where do cigarette companies advertise in
Ecuador?
3. In the United States, every pack of cigarettes and
every cigarette ad has a warning. The warning says:
“Cigarettes are dangerous. They are bad for your
health.” Do you think the warning stops people from
smoking? What stops people from smoking?
4. Many people think that smoking is a bad habit. There
are other bad habits. Some people, for example,
drink too much coffee. Some people watch too much
TV. Do you have any bad habits?
2. Understanding Time Relationships
Find the best way to complete each sentence. Write the letter
of your answer on the line.
1. _____ When people a. they are often depressed
smoke for the first time, and nervous.
2. _____ When people b. they become addicted to
smoke for a long time, nicotine.
3. _____ When smokers stop c. they usually gain weight.
smoking,
4. _____ When people eat a d. the nicotine usually makes
lot of sweets them sick.
3. Reviewing the story
Do you remember the story? Complete each sentence. Then
read the story again. Were you right?
It is difficult to quit smoking because smokers are
1
___________ to nicotine. Nicotine is a 2 _________ that is in
cigarettes. People who quit (3) ___________ are often depres-
sed and nervous. Some people
4
__________ weight because they eat sweets instead of
smoking.
People who want to quit smoking sometimes chew a special
5
_______. The gum has a 6 _________ nicotine in it. When
smokers need nicotine, they
7
_________ the gum.
Writing
1. Write about Ali.
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
2. Write about nicotine.
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
 UNIT
3 WE’RE RELATED
Objective: Talk and read about relatives, generations, as well as the styles that each one prefers, and
listen to passages about them; express agreement or disagreement; write one’s opinion; more using
the Present Perfect tense.

Topic Talk /s/ /z/ /ɪ z/

Vocabulary, Families
1. Look at the photo to answer the questions.

Listening
Family descriptions.
3. Listen to the following videos, and answer the questions
according the information in them.

1.- How many generations do you see in the photo above? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bj01pRLjjNI
2.- How often do you get together with your extended family?
How often do you get together with your nuclear family?
3.- Using the words below, to try to tell the names of the
types of relatives pointing to them in the photo.
Ex. They are cousins.

Relatives:
aunts / uncles, cousins, nephews / nieces,
grandparents, parents, mother-in-laws
/ father-in-laws, step mothers / step fathers,
half-brothers / half-sisters?
* Possibly
1. Joe and Linda Brower are Robert’s __________
2. Scarlet is 35, so she is the oldest ___________
Pronunciation, Plural Endings
3. Sarah is the only child. True False
Pronunciation Practice Exercises for Final “s” 4. Sarah hates cooking cakes with her mother and
Voiceless sounds Voiced sound These sounds grandmother. True False
take /s/ take /z/ take /ɪ z/
5. Harriet is _____________ and she has _______
These sounds are
These sounds are voiced: children.
voiceless: /b/ /d/ /g/ /j/ /l/ /m/ /n/ /s/ /ks/ /z/ /ʤ/ 6. Mary and Phil Smith have two ____________ .
/f/ /h/ /k/ /p/ /t/ /ng/ /r/ /v/ /w/
+ all vowel sounds Listening
Examples Examples Examples Speaking Exchange with a Partner,
laughs / læfs/ rubs / rʌbz kisses / ‘kIsiz
talks / tƆks/ sings / sɪngz boxes / ‘bαksɪz 4. Talk about families.
Student A: Comparing the
Pronunciation, Plural Endings people in the two photos, ask
your partner which ones look
2. Say the following words out loud and then put them in the happier, and why.
correct columns according to the sound of the plural or third
person “s”: Student B: Share your thoughts
with your partner. Then tell your
– boys – damages – graduates – lessons – minutes teacher your conclusions about
– products – hates – lives – paints – closes – faces the two families. Next, describe
– hours – loves – things – girls. for your partner your family, and
each member.
LESSON 1 Generational Differences
Reading
1. Read the following blog and then complete the comprehen-
sion activities.
Modern Technology: Advantages
and Disadvantages
Posted by: Karehka Ramey in Techucation November 6, 2012
8 Ex. Easy Access to Information It has become very
easy to get access to relevant information at any time,
anywhere. This has been possible because of modern
technologies like broadband internet. Lots of data is
being published and indexed online, sites like Wikipedia
and YouTube have great original content which can be
used in research or entertainment. With smart gadgets
like the iPad, iPhone, and Galaxy Tablet, users can
easily have access to information because these smart
gadgets use the internet, and this simplifies the way we
get information.
___________________________________ Modern
transportation technology makes it very easy to travel
long distances. Transportation technology has evolved
with years. In the past, it used to be slow and
expensive to move long distances. Nowadays, one can
cover a 10 miles distance within a few minutes or hours
using electric trains or airplanes.
________________________________ Modern
technology has simplified our lives. If you compare
the type of housing we used to have in 1900 and the
architecture of houses today, the difference is very big.
New architectural technology has improved the types of
housed we build nowadays. People with money can
afford town floating housed and glass homes. Most of
the items in our house are now automated; for example,
doors use fingerprints which guarantee security; and
remote webcams monitor what goes on at your home.
_____________________________________ Modern
technology has played a big role in changing the
Entertainment Industry. Home entertainment has
improved with the invention of video games and
advance music and visual systems like smart
televisions which can connect live to the internet so that
a user can share what they’re watching with friends.
Easy access and storage of music, services like iTunes
allow users to purchase and download music on their
iPods at a small cost.
____________________________________ Modern
technology has made it simple to discover our old
friends and also discover new people to network with.
This is a benefit to both individuals and businesses.
Many businesses have embraced the social networking
technology to interact with their customers. Users of
social networks can share information with friends, live
chat with them and interact in all sorts of ways.
Disadvantages Of Modern Technology:
____________________________________ Social
isolation is on the increase, people are spending more
time playing video games, learning how to use new
modern technologies, using social networks and they
neglect their real life. Technology has replaced our old
way of interacting. If a user can easily interact with
100 friends online, they will feel no need to going out
to make real friends which at a later stage leads to
loneliness.
_________________________________ Modern
technology has replaced many humans; robots are
doing the jobs which used to be done by humans. Many
packing firms have employed robots to increase pro-
duction and efficiency, which is bad news to employees
because they get replaced by a robot.
Last updated on 11th-04-2013
Adapted from
http://www.useoftechnology.com/modern-technology-advantages-disadvantages/
Reading Comprehension
Activities
A. What is the main idea of the author?
1. To explain how technology affects people’s lives.
2. To express pros and cons of modern technology.
3. To give advice on the use of technology.
B. Find the header of each paragraph. (There are two extra
options.) Writing: Sentence Builders
1. Increased Loneliness
Contrast Linkers/ Connectors
2. Improved Housing and Lifestyle
3. Efficiency and Productivity
To contrast ideas, we use some linkers such as:
4. Social Networking
5. Job Loss
6. The Convenience of Traveling but although/even though
7. Improved Communication
However, Nevertheless,
8. Easy Access to Information
9. Improved Entertainment
However is more formal than but. But cannot be used at the
Word Builder beginning of a sentence in formal writing, instead use:
However followed by a comma.
Compounds
A compound noun is a noun that is made up of two or more I had the tickets for the concert. I couldn’t go.x
words. There are three forms for compound nouns:
I had the tickets for the concert, but I couldn’t go.
1. open (or spaced) has a space between the two I had the tickets for the concert. However, I couldn’t go
words, eg. tennis shoe
2. hyphenated –has a hyphen between words e.g.
six-pack
NOTE: although / even though can be used interchangeably.
3. closed (or solid) – has no space or hyphen between
the words, e.g. bedroom
It was raining. I went swimming.

Stress is important in compound nouns. They tend to have Although it was raining, I went swimming.
more stress on the first word. For instance, in the compound
noun “golf ball”, the first word is stressed more since it is I went swimming although it was raining.
considered as a single noun, so it has a single main stress:
on the first word. Nevertheless, as adjectives and nouns are
always stressed, in “pink ball”, both words are equally I liked the red dress. I bought the black one.
stressed. It helps us to differentiate if somebody says “a
GREEN HOUSE” (a house which is painted green), or “a
GREENhouse” (a building made of glass for growing plants Even though I liked the red dress, I bought the black one.
inside). I bought the black dress even though I liked the red one.

https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/nouns-compound.htm

Compound Nouns
Time For Practice
Noun + Adverb/Adjective Verb + Noun + Verb
Noun + Noun Noun
Sentence transformation: Combine the following ideas using a
homepage broadband breakfast network Contrast Linker/Connector.
video upload / download washing fingerprint
game machine 1. Lots of data is being published and indexed online. Users
airplane cellphone, swim- video need to discern the junk from the high-quality information.
smartphone, ming pool conference-ing ______________________________________________
mobile device / /
mobile phone 2. Technology is very helpful. Humans get replaced by it at
work.
blackboard
_______________________________________________
Time For Practice
3. Modern and expensive technology simplifies our lives. Just
Complete the following Closed Compound Nouns. rich people can afford it.
on___________ off____________ _______________________________________________
smart_________ air____________
lap___________ home__________
up___________ finger__________
web__________ farm___________

print line phone page top load

site cams land planes
LESSON 2 Crossing Generations
Grammar
Warm Up
1. What do you know about your parents’ and grandparents’
childhood and youth?
And their:
• home?
• job?
• Hobbies?
• free time?
Ex.
My grandparents lived in the country. They were very poor
and had thirteen children. My parents...
2. Read the profiles and answer the questions.
1. What is the relationship between Stalin and Kathy?
2. What do Stalin and Kathy like about each other?
3. Is it easy for you to communicate with your parents and
grandparents? Why, or why not?
4. Listen to the following speech about Secrets to Communica-
ting Across Generations.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=khD5Vkyrhdo
Will you put this good counsel into practice?
Present Perfect
5. Read the sentences below. Underline the correct words in
the Rule below. Find five more example sentences of present
perfect in the text.
Good Examples:
1. She has taught me how to use the internet.
2. She has grown up surrounded by luxury and freedom.
Rule
We use the present perfect tense to talk about
situations that started in the past and
continue to now. / are no longer true.
Stalin (born 1935)
I was born in 1935. My mother had me at home. At that
time it was common to give birth at home. My mother
had seven children. My father died when I was 5 years
old. My older brother left home and went to the World
War II. I have always worked hard. I just attended the
elementary school until second grade. However, I learnt
to read. I have read a lot about History and Politics. I
enjoy communicating with friends and relatives through
internet.
My granddaughter, Kathy, was born in 1993. She is a
lovely and happy girl. She loves technology. She has
taught me how to use the internet. She has grown up
surrounded by luxury and freedom. We have always
been very close.
Kathy
My grandpa has had an interesting life. He has lived
amazing facts in history. He experienced the World War
II, the arriving to the moon, the evolution of
communication, the internet era. He’s in touch with his
friends and relatives who are abroad through the web.
His life has changed tremendously.
He’s never been into music, sports or fashionable stuff.
He’s interested into news and technology. He has always
told me amazing stories about his life. I have always
shared my secrets with him.
Warm Up
Present Perfect vs. Simple Past
6. Read the following sentences. Match them with the best
meaning. Circle a. or b...
1. He has always told me amazing stories about his life.
a. He told me amazing stories when I was a child.
b. He told me amazing stories when I was a child and
continues to tell me them.
2. He has never been into music, sports or fashionable stuff.
a. He was not into music, sports or fashionable stuff
when he was young, but he is now.
b. He was not into music, sports or fashionable stuff
when he was young and he isn’t now.
7. Complete the sentences below about the Reading on the
previous page. Use present perfect and always or never.
1. Stalin has always been interested in History. (be)
2. Stalin _____________________ hard. (work)
3. Kathy ______________________ technology. (love)
4. Stalin __________________ into music. (be)
5. They _________________a close relationship. (have)
6. Kathy ______________________ into poverty. (be)
8. Look at the Sentence Builder, and complete the rules below
with for and since.
SENTENCE BUILDER
for /since
They have worked at home since 2014.
They have worked at home for two years.
9. Pair Work. Make dialogues in present perfect. Use the cues
for or since.
Ex.
1. You live in Portoviejo / I was born
A: How long have you lived in Portoviejo?
B: I have lived in Portoviejo since I was born.
2. You have a laptop / last month
3. Your sister studies abroad / 2014
4. Your grandparents live in Quito / eight years
5. Your parents have a car / five months
10. Pair work. Use the prompts to respond to the sentences.
1. I love your house!
(Oh, I have it / for years)
A: I love your house!
B: Oh, I’ve had it for years
2. Is he your boyfriend?
(No, I / have anything with him / never)
3. Oh, you have a vegetable garden!
(Yes, I / have it /for many years
4. How was your Statistics exam?
(Excellent, I / be a mathematician / always)
5. Do you like broccoli?
(No, I / hate it / always)

1. We use ___________ with a period of time, for
example: half an hour, three years, a few days
2. We use ____________ with the time when the
action started, for example: last month, June 20th, I
met you, I left school.
11. Pair Work. Use the cues to make true sentences about
yourself in present perfect. Use the corresponding time
expressions in the box.
Ex. I’ve been married for six years.
live in Portoviejo / be interested in /
have a car / study at the university

Remember these expressions:

already, ever, never, all my life,

so far, till now, up to now

LESSON 3 Teenager’s Conflicts

Warm Up
1. Look at the boy and read his thoughts. Comment with a friend about this situation.

“When are you

“You never make your going to do your
“Don’t waste your bed, and your bedroom homework? Stop
time with that girl. is always a mess!” chatting with your
Her family will friends!”
never accept you”

“I work every “You eat

single day to whatever you
give you what want, but you
you need, and never go
I only request shopping”
good grades”
2. Work in Pairs. Answer the following questions. Share your 5. Look at the photos. Guess the answers to the questions.
ideas and experiences.

1. What is normal for parents and teenagers to do or say? A B

2. Do you talk to your parents? Who do you have a better
relationship with, Mom or Dad? Why?

3. Where do you like to talk to your parents when you

have important things to tell them?

4. Is it bad to be angry? Why?

5. What things do you usually agree or disagree about

with your parents? C D

3. Which of the things below are useful or not useful when you
are having a discussion or argument with your parents? 1. Where are the people?
2. What is the relationship between them?
a. speak loudly or shout 3. What is the girl doing while the woman talks?
b. give reasons for your opinions or suggestions 4. Are they having an argument?
5. hat are the woman and the girl arguing about?
c. find a quiet place
6. What positive suggestions can you make?
d. speak quietly
e. interrupt people Word Builder
f. be patient
g. think before talking COLLOCATIONS
h. give people time to speak
A collocation is two or more words that often go together.
i. leave the room
These combinations just sound “right” to native English
j. make positive suggestions or offer to do things speakers, who use them all the time. On the other hand, other
k. get angry combinations may be unnatural and just sound “wrong”.

Listening And Speaking natural English... unnatural English...

the fast train the quick train
4. Visit this link and watch the video. Take notes to answer the
fast food quick food
questions below.
a quick shower a fast shower
www.hrmvideo.com/catalog/solving-conflicts-with-parents-tea- a quick meal a fast meal
chers--peers
“Tell me who you go with and I’ll tell you who you are.”

For more information and practices about it, you can visit
www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/collocations.htm

6. Complete each of the following sentences using the correct

collocation.
1. My son’s teacher says he doesn’t _______ attention
in classes.

a. give
b. pay
c. have

2. I _________ a bad cold and had to stay in bed.

a. met
a. What is a conflict? b. suffered
c. caught
b. What should you avoid when someone is
arguing with you? 3. How much time do you _____ doing revision?
c. “Pretending that everything is OK can help a. spend
us to solve our problems.” Do you agree or b. give
disagree with this statement? Why? c. do
d. What things should you do to deal with a 4. I’m afraid Lucas is not here. Can I _____ a message?
person who is arguing?
a. take
b. make
c. do

SOME COMMON COLLOCATIONS:
At home
My younger sister makes too much noise.
John spends too long time watching TV.
My daughter always leaves her bed in a
mess.
I want to go out with friends this Saturday.
I can’t get bad marks at school.
I forgot to do my homework.
LESSON 4 Language Review
1. For further practice, check the next link and fill the blanks
about the woman.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Hwwj9QG-SM
Complete:
In my family there are five people, they are _____________,
Mother, ________________ , ________________ and
I. My ____________ is younger, he is 27 years old and I
____________________ 31.
My _______________ is older, she’s 33 years old. She’s two
years older than me. Most of family lives in ______________
and I live in Greece, my ______________ lives in Singapore,
but all of us grew up in ___________________. In my family,
I also have one ______________, unfortunately, my other
________________ passed away.
Also, in my extensive family I have six ________________,
one ______________, six ___________________ and one
________________.
Because I live far away, I usually see my family about twice
a year for special occasions like Christmas, a birthday or a
somebody’s weeding.
2. Adjectives and Prepositions. Complete the sentences
with the correct prepositions.
in – on – at – about – with – from
1. Mum was angry ______ Matthew for getting another bad
mark.
2. This town is very different _____ the place where I live.
3. Are you nervous _________ your driving test?
4. He was much surprised ____ the news he heard.
5. I´m quite good ____ maths.
6. We´re interested ________ the flat on the top floor.
7. My husband is keen ______ science fiction movies.
GIVING OPINIONS
1. I agree with you about that.
2. I disagree with that.
3. I’m sorry, I don’t agree with you.
4. What do you think?
5. Personally, I think that color is better than the
other one.
6. Do you think it is OK?
7. No, I don´t think so.
8. I really think it is a bit unfair.
9. You are right.
10. In my opinion, 12:30 p.m. is too late.
3.- Present perfect and past simple. Complete the dialogue
with the correct tenses.
1. I _____________ my bedroom yesterday. (paint)
2. He ____________ Louis’s new apartment so far.
(not see)
3. Mum __________ already ________ the balcony.
(sweep)
4. They __________ those houses last year. (build)
5. When ______ you ___________ to this area? (move)
6. How long _________ you ____________ here? (live)
7. _________ you __________ the rent yet? (pay)
8. Mary´s grandma _____ never _____ a dishwasher
(have)
4. For or since? Circle the correct alternative.
1. Film stars have lived in Hollywood for / since it became the
movie capital of America.
2. Humans don´t live / haven’t lived in caves for thousands
of years.
3. Architects have supported environmentally friendly housing
for / since the last 20 years.
4. We have had the option of solar heating since / for
the 1980s.
5. Town planners haven’t been keen on high-rise flats for /
since more than 20 years.
6. Properties in this area are / have been expensive since they
filmed Notting Hill here.
5. Opinions. Complete the sentences with the expressions
below. There is one extra expression.
in my opinion – anyway – what do you think –
personally – I agree with you – I think
1. __________, people should not drive their cars so much.
2. __________________, I share the opinion of Mr. Smith.
3. My idea about the TV shows is that they should be more
educational for the children. ______________________ about
that?
4. _____________________________ they are doing it well; I
don´t find nothing wrong with them.
 UNIT
4 MUSIC
Objective: Listen to, talk and read about music; write to a magazine; learn more grammar about may,
have to / not have to, must / must not and can / can’t

Topic Talk
Styles
Vocabulary
1. Match the style music with the correct description.

1. Blues a) music by known composers that has become part of the folk tradition of
a country or region.
2. Country and Western b) music of general appeal to teenagers
c) a popular style of music expressing deep emotion that was created by
3. Heavy Metal African-Americans
d) a style of music that evolved from southern African-American secular
4. Hip- hop songs
e) Hip hop music, also referred to as rap or rap music, is a style of popular
5. Jazz
music which
f) music originating in New Orleans around the beginning of the 20th
6. Pop
century
7. Punk g) a style and genre of largely string-accompanied American popular music
of the Southeast and cowboys
8. Reggae h) genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960’s and early 1970s,
largely in the U.K. and the U.S..
9. Rock i) popular music, originally from Jamaica, that combines native styles with
elements of rock and soul10. Soul
10. Soul j) a type of gentle melodic, popular music originating in the U.S. in the late
1980s
11. Techno k) Rock music is a genre of popular music that originated as “rock and roll”
in the U.S. in the 1950s.
12. Folk l) is a form of electronic dance music
m) is a rock music genre that developed between 1974 and 1976 in the
13. New Age U.K, the U.S., and Australia

Instruments
2. Match the words with the pictures.

violin, bagpipes, guitar, cello, drums,

keyboard, trumpet, clarinet
3. Complete the sentences with a music style.
1. I’m really into / I´m not really into ______________
2. I just love listening to _____________
3. I can’t stand __________
4. I’m crazy about / I’m not crazy about ___________
Pronunciation
4. Listen the words and underlined the main stress.
Grammar
7. Fill In The Blank With Must Or Mustn’t
• She Is Ill, So She _______ See The Doctor.
• You ______ Throw Trash On The Street
• It Is Raining. You _____ Take Your Umbrella
• This Is A Secret. You ______ Tell Anybody
• You _______ Make Noisy In The Hospital.

violin, bagpipes, cello, drums,

Pronunciation
keyboard, guitar, trumpet, clarinet
7. Read the descriptions and choose the correct job.

Speaking BUS - DRIVER HAIRDRESSER

5. Work in Pairs. Talk about your interests in music using the TEACHER
vocabulary.

Listening
• You have to like talking to people.
6. Listen the conversation and circle the right answer.
• You have to stand up for a long time.
1. What kinds of music does this radio station play?
• You must work inside.
a) Rhythm and Blues
b) Heavy Hetal • You have be good with your hands.
c) Latin • You have to sweep the floor.

2. What is the disk jockey’s first name?

a) Harold
b) Harvey
c) Harry
• You have to be supportive.
3. Listeners can win ___________ by saying the name of
the song. • You have to speak to many people.
a) music CDs • You mustn´t be late for work.
b) concert tickets
• You have to be well prepared.
c) money

4. The man’s phone number is ___________.

a) 693-3019
b) 693-1390
c) 693-1319 • You must have good eyesight.
5. To win, listeners must know the name of the song and • You have to sit down.
________ it was recorded. • You don´t have to speak.
a) where • You have to use your hands and feet.
b) when
• You have to pick up people up at the stop.
c) how many times.
LESSON 1 My band Your songs are perhaps one of the most valuable assets that
you’ll ever own. A song can go on to live and generate money
long after your career is over, and even long after your time on
Warm Up the face of this earth, too. Compose songs with reliable people
you trust, discuss song writing splits with co-writers and produ-
1. Look at the pictures (a-c). Does anyone look familiar? Do cers before leaving each writing session if possible, and never
you recognize them? enter into an agreement that you do not understand with a
Do you know about how the groups began? Match the groups music placement company or publisher.
with the photos. Remember that marketing starts long before your first song is
ever written
1 ____ 2 ____ So, don’t wait until your songs are written and recorded to
think about “the marketing” and “how you’re going to get them
out there to the world.” Think about marketing from the start.
Have a strong vision, pay attention to the world around you,
and strive to connect with the most important people in the
world: your fans! With persistence and luck you can succeed.

2. What do you think about the tips in the article? Do you have
a band, and if not, would you like to be part of one?
3 ____

have to / have not to, can / can’t

a) AC/DC
3. Read the next sentences (1-4) and match the words in bold
b) Bruno Mars
with (a-d)what they mean.
c) Guns and Roses
a) I have to play with my own style
b) I can start marketing my songs before writing them
c) I don’t have to give boring performances
d) I can’t record my songs with bad technology
2. Read the text and choose among the options about how to
start a band. 1. ____ means it’s necessary.
a) Record your songs like a pro 2. ____ means it’s not possible.
b) Sell you music in every mall 3. ____ it’s not necessary.
c) Perform like no one else 4. ____ it’s possible.
d) Treat your music as the treasure they are
4. Complete the sentence with the correct form of: have to,
e) Be original
have not to, can, can’t
f) Sell you music out before creating it.

When you start a band, you ________ have some good musi-
Reading cians. You also _________ chose different styles to perform.

With so many blog posts and books about “how to succeed in You _________ give outstanding performances where ever-
the music business,” it’s easy to get confused about what and yone gets crazy . A good band __________ plays well. You
what not to do. So let’s take it back to the essentials: __________ make your own music, you can record all your
Have amazing songs that convey your unique sound and style.
songs if you want to. Music sounds best when it’s made with
Nothing will be more important to the success and longevity of
your career than having well-crafted, original songs that stand passion, but you ___________ play it with your heart.
out from the rest of the pack. No matter if you’re self-writing or
co-writing songs with other professionals, your career might be
short-lived or nonexistent if you sound exactly like everyone 5. Works in Pairs. Use the words in the table describe the life
else in the flooded marketplace. of musicians.
Deliver unforgettable, standout live performances
Consider hiring a professional sound and light man, having
dancers joining you up on stage, using interesting instruments, • create music
projecting a film on a screen, or engaging with your fans by • go to a conservatory
allowing them to text in requests real-time while you’re per-
• wear torn jeans
forming. And don’t forget about throwing those amazing after
parties, too. Whatever you do, just be amazing! • sing in reality shows
Strive to create quality recordings • get a good manager
Whether you record your music yourself or you outsource the
services of a professional producer and engineer, always aim
to produce the highest quality tracks you possibly can. Don’t
accept that sharp note on that vocal scream in the last chorus,
that cheesy drum or keyboard sound that is an important part
of the track, or that slightly out-of-tune guitar that’s noticeable
on the solo.
Treat your songs like the valuable pieces of property that they
are
LESSON 2 Festivals
Warm Up
1. In Pairs. Talk about our Ecuador culture by answering the
questions.
What music festivals are there in Ecuador? Have you ever
been to one? Would you like to go to one? What bands would
you like to see live?
Reading
2. Read the article. Which of the festivals…
a. is in the capital city?
b. is not near river?
c. has a big dance tent?
d. has fewer foreigners?
e. is usually very hot?
f. is quite similar to a British festival?
QuitoFest
QuitoFest is an international festival of independent
musicians and bands in Quito, Ecuador. It is a free event
consisting of several days of outdoor concerts where
various musical genres are interpreted: Rock, Hip Hop,
Ska, Heavy Metal, Hardcore, Punk, and Reggae. It is also
a festival that is free of alcohol and drugs.
QuitoFest began in 2003, since our Ecuadorian Capital
did not have its own festival, so the Municipality, jointly
with the Ministry of Education and Culture, launched the
first QuitoFest in Carolina Park in the northern part of
the City. It was created with the idea of providing a wider
repertoire of musical entertainment during the Quito
Festival. Since 2005, the QuitoFest had been held in
Itchimbia, now a park, but since 2013, it has been held in
the new Bicentennial Park located in Quito’s “Old Airport”
grounds.
Quito’s youth have responded massively to QuitoFest,
and every year it gains more popularity on a national
and international level. It offers its attendants bands from
Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Brazil, Venezuela, Mexico,
United States, Panama, France, Ecuador, and other
countries.
3. Look at the Sentence Builder. How do we say these senten-
ces in Spanish in Ecuador?
Sentence Builder, Verbs + Adjectives
1. The variety of music there is great.
2. It looks fantastic.
3. It never feels commercial.
Language Choice
4. Work in Pairs. Ask and answer the questions.
1. What new CDs do you think sound good?
2. What kind of music at parties sounds good to you?
3. When you listen music at home, how do you feel?
4. What singers look great to you?
Vocabulary
5. Look at the Word Builder. When do you do these things?
Ex. I turn the volume down when I hear Punk Rock.
Word Builder, Multi-Part Verbs in bold:
1. I turn the volume down when I hear a song I don’t like.
2. When I listen to Ballads, I turn the volume up.
3. I turn on the radio when I’m studying.
4. I turn off my cell phone music when I’m at school.
Grammar
Fill in the blank with must or mustn’t.
1. She is ill, so she ________ see the doctor.
2. You ____________ throw trash on the street.
3. It is raining. You _________ take your umbrella
4. This is a secret. You _____________ tell anybody.
5. You ______________ make noisy in the hospital.
Reading
Read the descriptions and choose the correct job.
• You have to like talking to people.
• You have to stand up for a long
time. bus driver
• You must work inside. hairdresser
• You have to be good with your
hands. teacher
• You have to sweep the floor.
A:
__________________________
• You must have good eyesight.
• You have to sit down.
• You don’t have to speak.
• You have to use your hands and feet.
• You have to pick up people up at the
stop.
A: __________________________
• You have to be supportive.
• You have to speak to many people.
• You mustn’t be late for work.
• You have to be well-prepared.
A: __________________________
LESSON 3 Speaking Workshop 3
3. Look at the photo and the ad from the Apollo Coliseum in
Vocabulary (for Phone Conversation in Exercise 2) Bogotá. Next, listen to the audio and complete the gaps

1. Read the vocabulary and definitions. (Ad)

Apollo Solidarity Concert: 1 11 June at
2
_________ p.m..
book I´ll ring them up (call) and book two Tickets: from 3 $ _________ to $ 50.
tickets for tomorrow. Tickets available from:
Website: www. apolloshows.com.co.
box office Ring (call) the box office and buy a http://www.gobiernobogota.gov.co/prensa/93-no-
ticket. ticias/970-medidas-de-seguridad-para-concier-
to-de-one-direction
express The express boat takes fifteen minutes. Box Office: Tel. 4________________ (twenty-four
hours a day & 5 _________________ days a week)
stop There is a subway (tube) stop opposite Transport: bus, call taxis (companies in the area)
the arena. and express taxis 6 $_______ return from Bogotá.
Restaurant and cafes: 7 _______________ food,
ticket I haven’t got a ticket for the concert. the Bandeja Paisa, arepas, Buñuelos, plantain
chips and empanadas. Drinks: sodas and some
transport Please tell me about the transport.
8
__________ juices.

underground It is fastest to travel on the under-

ground.

Listening
2. Follow the dialogue in this phone conversation

(Phone rings…)

A: Good morning. The Apollo Coliseum. Can I help you?

B: Oh…yes. I´d like information about the Solidarity
concert, please. It‘s in June, right?
A: The Solidarity concert? Yes. That’s right. It´s on
Saturday the eleventh of June at seven p.m.
B: I see. And how much are the tickets?
A: Tickets for the Solidarity concert: standing area:
twenty dollars; lower bleachers: thirty dollars; higher Pronunciation
bleachers: fifty dollars. 4. Unstressed Function Words
B: Thanks. And how can I buy the tickets?
A: Well. You can book on our website: 1. Underline the unstressed words:
www. apolloshows.com.co or you can get tickets by
1. It´s on Saturday the eleventh of June at 7 p.m...
phone, too from our box office. The phone number is
57-3332378966. You can phone twenty-four hours a 2. And how can I buy the tickets?
day, seven days a week. 3. And how can I get to the coliseum?
B: Yes. And how can I get to the coliseum? 4. Well, there are buses twenty-four hours a day.
A: Well, there are buses twenty-four hours a day. Or you 5. There are a lot of cafes and restaurant at the
can call up taxi. There are a few companies in the
coliseum.
area. There are express cab services that cost more.
B: How much are the express cabs?
A: Tickets from Bogotá are twenty dollars return. 5. Listen again and repeat the sentences above.
B: Of. Thanks. One more question. What about food and
drinks at the Apollo coliseum? 6. Listen to a conversation about a concert. Which short
A: Well. There are a lot of cafes and restaurants at the answers (a/b) do you hear?
coliseum. For example you can get Colombian food:
the Bandeja Paisa, arepas, Buñuelos, plantain chips
and empanadas. Drinks: sodas and some tropical A: Hey look. There’s a Metallica concert next month at
juices. the Apollo Coliseum. I’m really into Metallica.
B: Ok. Thanks a lot. B: Mmm, I’m not. I´m not a Heavy Metal person.
A: Not at all. A: I am. I love Heavy Metal. Hey, there is a Mana’s
concert, too. I really like Mana.
B: Me, too. But I don’t like their latest record.
A: I do. I think it’s great. But I don’t like their last track.
B: Me neither.
Talk Builder, Agreeing and Disagreeing Opinions
A: In my opinion, reading a book is better than watching
Agreeing Disagreeing television.
1 I’m into Metallica. a. Me, too. b. I´m not. B: I agree with that, a book can develop your imagination.
A: I’ve got a bicycle in my home: I think it’s a safe way of
2 I really like Mana. a. Me, too. b. I don’t.
transportation.
3 I’m not a heavy metal a. Me, neither. b. I am.
person. B: Yes, I agree with you. Besides, I really think more people
should ride bikes.
4 I don’t like Mana´s latest a. Me, neither. b. I do.
CD. A: I don’t think watching a soccer game on television does
any good.
B: Me, neither, I think people should practice sports instead
7. Write replies to these statements with your opinions. Use of watching them.
expressions from Talk Builder. In 7 and 8, add your own ones.
A: I sincerely believe that English is easier than Spanish.
B: I disagree with you. Spanish has more grammatical rules
1. A: I’m not into jazz. 5. A: I really hate folk music.
and therefore is more difficult.
B: B:

2. A:. I really like heavy 6. A: I don’t think Ricky

metal. Martin is very good. Skills Builder 2.
B: B: 12. Practice saying the expressions. Read the Norms for
Discussion.

3. A. I like loud music. 7. A:

B. Speaking, Class Discussion
B:
Norms for Discussion
4. A: I´m really into rap. 8. A:
B: • Choose a secretary to make notes of the group
B: decisions.
• Always try to speak in English.
• Don’t interrupt other people. Wait till they finish
speaking.
8. Work in Pairs. Say things about music, and agree or • Respect other people’s ideas and ask them what
disagree with them. they think and feel.

Ex.
A: I hate Heavy Metal. 13. Work in groups. One person says something and the
others agree or disagree. Give reasons.
B: Not me. I like it.
Ex.
A: I’m really into loud music. It can make you move
9. Have a discussion about music.
and lose weight.
B: I totally disagree with you. Loud music stresses
me out a lot!
Speaking
Skills Builder 1.
14. Tell if you agree or disagree. Tell your opinion to the class.
10. Write notes about these things:
Ex.
a. your favorite types of music/why you like them I agree because soft music can inspire you.
b. your favorite singer/why you like him/her I don’t think loud music can do you any good!
 UNIT
5 MY HEALTH
Objective: Talk and read about health issues, and listen to passages about them; write an article
about a specific topic; grammar predicting with may, and going to.

Topic Talk B
1. Look at the photos of Marie and Joseph made from the
age-progression software. In which photos do they look older:
B or C ?
Why do you think they look older?

A B C

A C

2. Click on the link to watch this video:Tips to Starting a Heal-

thy Lifestyle! (1-7). Classify them as:
very healthy, quite healthy, or very unhealthy.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0aNNYEUARAk

have a headache, a cold,

a cough, a sore throat, a fever

have the flu, stomachaches,

earaches, toothaches, diarrhoea,
hayfever

very healthy quite healthy very unhealthy

feel sick, tired, depressed, dizzy,

faint, weak, depressed, faint, sick/
ill, tired, weak

3. Complete the next chart with personal information. Use the

information of the network.

Health sleep more / do more exercise /

watch less TV/ spend less time
I’ve been to the hospital 1 twice /
on the Internet/ spend less time
three times.
texting on my mobile phone / eat
2
I’ve had / never had / an illness
more fruit /vegetables, eat less
or an accident.
junk food / stop smoking, get
I occasionally 3 ______________.
outdoors more
I sometimes 4 ______________ .
I really need to 5 _______________.
I need to 6 ______________
4. In groups, use this network to talk about your health.

1. Match the phrases with the pictures.

a. Oh my god!!! I’ve gained a kilo on c. More cake? Of course!

vacations.

b. I’ve run kilometers!!! Give me a beer !!! d. These cupcakes look delicious, but I’m on a
diet!!!

2. Read the text and order the statements.

Women’s Health /Men’s Health

Men are assailed by the diseases that can affect

anyone—heart disease, stroke, diabetes, cancer,
depression. But they also have unique issues such
as prostate cancer and benign prostate
enlargement.

We tend to think of breast cancer and osteoporosis

as women’s health diseases, but they also
occurinmen. Heart disease in a serious concern to
both men and women, but risk factors and
approaches to prevention are different. Women
may also have specific concerns about aging,
caregiving, emotional health issues, and skin care

So don’t be an average man — get on board with

protecting your health today
Women have many unique health concerns —
menstrual cycles, pregnancy, birthcontrol,
menopause — and that’s just the beginning. A
number of healt hissues affect only women and
others are more common in women. What’s more,
men and women may have the same condition, but
different symptoms. Many diseases affect women
differently and may even require distinct treatment.

Many of the major health risk sthat men face can

The average man pays less attention to his health
than the average woman. Compared to women, men
are more likely to
be prevented with a healthy lifestyle: regular
exercise, a healthy diet, not smoking, stress
reduction, and alcohol consumption in the
moderate range (no more than two drinks a day) if
a tall. Regular checkups and screening tests can
spot disease early, when it is easiest to treat.

• Drinkalcoholandusetobacco
• Makeriskychoices
• Notseeadoctorforregularcheckups
3. Read the text again and write W if it is about Women and M
if it is about Men

4. Read the words, and match them with their definition.

1. a procedure for critical evaluation; a means of determining the presence,

a. assailed ___ quality, or truth of something; a trial: a test of one’s eyesight; subjecting a
hypothesis to a test; a test of an athlete’s endurance.

b. screening tests__ 2. to become troubled or beset by something, E.g. questions or doubts.

3. a medical examination, especially one taken at regular intervals to verify a

c. treatment ___ normal state of health or discover a disease in its early stages

4. the use of an agent, procedure, or regimen, such as a drug, surgery, or

d. risky choices__ exercise, in an attempt to cure or mitigate a disease, condition, or injury.

e. checkups ___ 5. alternatives faced which involve risk or danger

LESSON 1 Will may, and be going to

We use will, may
1. Read the following sentences, use will, may or be going to and be going to
for predictions. for predictions.
Will is used to make
general predictions
about facts that are
always true or events
that always happ

• We don’t have a lot of money, so we ______________ go on

holiday next year.
• _________________ you be able to find a good job when
you leave school?
• He ______ help you with your homework if you ask him.
• It _________________ snow later. I’m not sure.
• Who do you think __________ win the next world cup?
• If you don’t revise, you ____________ pass the exam.
• _________________ Metallica play at the concert?
• If I buy a camera, I ____________ be able to take some
photos when I go on holiday.
3. What do you think will happen next?
a. He will get a hug from his mother.
Grammar Alive: Predicting b. He will run outside and play ball.
c. His stomach will hurt.
2. Read the following paragraph, then match it with the best d. His feet will hurt.
prediction.
Paul and Melina always have a date on Friday. Paul
Tim is in middle school for his first year. picks up Melina at 7:00 p.m., and they go to at 7:30 p.m.
movie. This Friday, Paul has to work overtime and is
He is learning that he is growing and needs running late. When he gets out of the shower, it is already
more food to fill him up. Tim had five candy 7:00 p.m..
bars and a Monster for breakfast, three
4. What will probably happen next?
bags of chips for lunch, and two big pieces
of cake for dessert. He skipped dinner last a. Paul calls Melina and tells her he will be a little late.
night. He also drank a chocolate shake for b. Paul decides to call off the date and stays home.
c. Melina is angry that Paul is late and cancels the date.
lunch. d. Paul reads his e-mail and then leaves to pick up Melina.
LESSON 2 Health in the Future
Eg. People will learn at home without a teacher because
they will not go to school.
Writing, Health in the Future
……………………………………………………………..............
TIP:
When we write an article about a specific topic expressing our ……………………………………………………………..............
opinion about it, we can divide it into three paragraphs.
- In the first paragraph, we write our opinion. ……………………………………………………………..............
- In the second paragraph, we write our predictions.
We can talk about health, education, transport, housing, ……………………………………………………………..............
the environment, and lifestyles. We can also mention
reasons and effects to justify our views. ……………………………………………………………..............
- In the third paragraph, we repeat our opinion, using
different words. We start this paragraph with the phrase In ……………………………………………………………..............
conclusion.
We use the future simple to make our predictions. We can list ……………………………………………………………..............
our predictions with: also, what is more, finally. We express
our opinion with: I think, I believe, In my opinion, etc. ……………………………………………………………..............

……………………………………………………………..............
1. Match the sentences in the left to those in the right. Then
form sentences using so or because.
……………………………………………………………..............

…………………………………………………………..................
Education

2. Use the beginning and ending given and the paragraph plan
1. People will learn at a. They will become to complete the article about health.
home without a teacher. unfriendly.

2. Students won’t b. They will not go to Plan

have any friends. school. Paragraph 1:

- There will be a lot of changes in the way people take care of

their health in the next years. I believe that these changes will
affect the development of our lives.

The Environment Paragraph 2:

- Write predictions with reasons and effects on health in the

1. The air will be future.
a. There will be a lot of
very polluted. factories and cars. Paragraph 3:

2. There will not be b. People will suffer - In conclusion, I believe that life will be very difficult in the
enough water. because of it. future. However, people carefully will protect their health and
these predictions will never come true.

Transportation

1. The public transport will a. There will be a lot of

use unipersonal electric traffic accidents.
cars.

2. People won’t be b. There won’t be

prepared enough to enough space to park.
drive fast cars.
LESSON 3 Comparing Cultures: Healthy Food

Healthy Food Staples from Around the World Reading

1. a. Read the text without stopping. Pay attention to content
words.
b. Complete the chart with information from the Reading.

Name of food Chili peppers

Country of
origin:
What is it?

How is it
served?

Let’s face it, American foods are loaded with fillers, binders, c. Answer these questions.
trans fats, preservatives, flavor enhancers, excessive amounts
of sodium and sugar, and numerous additives. We tend to eat 1. Why are chili peppers healthy?
on the run, eat too much and fry everything from Twinkies to 2. Why does the Indian diet contain ghee?
turkeys. 3. Why was the pineapple called “anana”?
4. Why are red and purple grapes especially recognized?
Luckily, we can learn a lot from the culinary styles of other
countries. Plus, the world’s healthiest foods are familiar, readily
available, affordable and delicious. 2. Let’s Compare Cultures!
Group Work:
If you are looking to update your own diet, incorporate these In small groups talk about some famous or healthy dishes in
four dishes from around the world into your weekly diet. your country. Use the points below as a guide.
1. Mexico: Mexican food is spicy, bold and full of variety. Chili 1. Can you translate the name into English?
peppers, the backbone of Mexican cooking, contain capsai- 2. What is it?
cin–a spicy compound that has been found to fight cancer,
3. How do you prepare it?
prevent sinusitis, protect the heart, relieve congestion and
4. Does it have medicinal qualities?
reduce inflammation. Fresh chili peppers, red or green, are a
rich source of vitamins, antioxidants and minerals including
vitamin C, vitamin A, iron, potassium and copper. Plus, the chili
pepper helps burn fat!

2. India: The Indian diet contains ghee, a clarified butter

renowned for its medicinal and rejuvenative qualities. Ghee
is a great alternative to cooking oil; it works in all kinds of re-
cipes, adds an incomparable richness to any dish and resists
smoking at higher temperatures. In India, ghee is understood
to provide nourishment and to increase the body’s capacity
to nourish. It keeps the digestive tract lubricated and reduces
bloating while aiding in the elimination of toxins from the body.

3. The Caribbean: When the pineapple was first discovered

in the Caribbean, it was called “anana” or “excellent fruit”
because of its juiciness and vibrant tropical flavor. Since then,
we have learned that pineapples have anti- inflammatory and
digestive benefits.
Pineapples also offer antioxidants, immune support and pro-
tection against macular degeneration. Serve your pineapples
slices
plain, or throw a few slices on the grill with a sprinkling of
brown sugar for a unique summer dessert.

4. France: The French are well –aware of the benefits of gra-

pes, and those benefits are not just limited to the wine industry. 5. It’s Your Turn!
Red and purple grapes are especially recognized for reducing
the instance of cholesterol that causes heart disease, fighting Write a paragraph about a healthy Ecuadorian dish.
off some of the signs of aging and, according to research,
reducing the possibilities of cancers. In France as well as
Greece, grapes may be served as a dessert.
 UNIT
6 THE WONDER OF NATURE
Objective: Read and talk about Nature, and listen to passages about it; write an e-mail formally; sug-
gestions things, grammar: all, most, many, some, and no/none, conditionals, time clauses.

Topic Talk
1. Look at the photos (A.C). What other endangered animals
do you know about in Ecuador and in the world? Mention
them.

A. Amazonian manatee

B. Javan rhino
C. Mountain gorilla

2. Work in Pairs. Listen to the interview. Fill in the facts in the

spaces below: Places to Visit:
parks, green spaces, gardens, rivers, lakes, nature
reserves, tropical forests, beaches, etc.
The Planet, Nature in One Large City
There are lots of _____________ .
Our local park is ___________ larger than Central Park in
New York City.
About _____ per cent of the city is water or green spaces. Wildlife to See:
There are _____ million private _____________ .
fish, birds, reptiles, mammals, insects, fauna
There are over ____________ bird species.
Animals
There are more _______ than people: _______________
Galápagos sea turtles, sea lions, sharks, jellyfish,
.
parakeets, Blue-Footed Boobies, frigate birds,
There are ______ days with dangerous ______ pollution.
guacamayas, bats, monkeys, alligators, rogue birds
(pícaros), mosquitoes, bees, , Anacondas, deer,
foxes, hippos, rats, scorpions, spiders , toads, tapirs,
ants, etc.
Ecological Aspects of Ecuador:
We have a lot of tropical forests and
_________________.
You can see interesting varieties of: ____,
_____________, and _______________.
My favorite animals are ______________ Environmental Issues:
________________________________ . habitat loss, air/water pollution, hunting, noise,
My least favorite animals are ________. climate change, traffic, over-fishing, littering,
Ecuador’s climate is definitely / probably etc.
changing. The biggest environmental issues are
_____________________ and ______________
_______.
3. Work in groups. Use the word lists to talk about the
environment in Ecuador.
LESSON 1 Grammar Spot

An Endangered Environment
a. Many wildlife habitats will be destroyed (i ) if they don’t use it more rationally.
b. If we dump all sorts of chemicals into rivers, ( ) we won’t be able to swim in them in the future.
c. If we don’t stop cutting down so many trees, ( ) the hole in the ozone layer will get bigger.
d. Soon the Earth’s resources will be exhausted ( ) see levels will rise too much.
e. If everybody continues to use aerosols and CFCs, ( ) then he will have to change his habits.
f. If the sun radiation can’t escape into space, ( ) Earth’s temperature will increase steadily.
g. If the global temperature rises, ( ) we will endanger our oxygen supply.
h. We’ll threaten our own existence ( ) if we don’t cut down on waste rapidly.
i. People will run out of drinking water one day (a) if man keeps polluting the environment.
j. If he wants to help the planet, ( ) if the human population continues to grow.

1. Do you know our planet is in danger? What are you doing to

save our planet? What will happen if we do not

2. take care of our natural resources? Discuss with the class.

3. Read the ideas in An Endangered Environment.

4. Match both parts of the sentences to complete the ideas.

Work with your partner.
Do you agree with the ideas in the article? Why, or why not?

Future Conditional
5. Looking at the example in the Reading, complete the
rule about the use of future conditional by choosing the
right word in bold.

First, the conditional form is used to talk about

things which might happen in the present /
future / past. Of course, we can / can’t
know what will happen in the future, but this
describes definite / possible things, which

6. The conditional always has two clauses: one is the cause

and the other is the effect (the consequence/result). Look at
the two clauses in the examples and then complete the
grammar structure

If we recycle more, we will help our planet.

Cause Effect/Result

We will save thousands of trees if we don’t waste so much paper.

Effect/Result Cause

Future Conditional Grammar Rule:

In the ______________________ tense, the effect clause is the _____________ of the __________.
Practice
1. Complete the following sentences using the correct form of
verbs for future conditional.

4. Write a consequence chain. The starting and final senten-

ce are given to you. Work on a separate piece of paper. Be
creative and use a picture to illustrate your ideas. Use at least
5 ideas.

a. If drivers _____________ (share) their cars to go to work,

there will not be (not/be) so much terrible car exhaust. 1. If I want to help the planet, __________________________
b. If the Government ____________ (fines) those who pollute _________________________________________________
the atmosphere, some factories _____________ (stop)
polluting with so much waste. 2. ___________________________________ , I will save the
c. We ______________________ (contribute) to our planet’s
planet.
recovery if we only ___________ (use) the water we need.
d. If the sea _____________ (gets) warmer, the ice at the
North and South Poles __________________ (melt).
e. There _________________ (be) flooding around the world if
sea levels ________ (rise)

2. Complete the sentences using the right verb from the list.

protect help kill

find not be break
do do not not find
destroy destroy see

3. Write an appropriate ending for the following sentences:

a. If we keep polluting our planet, ______________________

_________________________________________________
b. If we use recycled paper and glass, __________________
_________________________________________________
c. Children will be aware of the importance of recycling, ____
_________________________________________________
d. If you have a shower instead of a bath, _______________
_________________________________________________
e. If the environmental issues are taught at school, ________
_________________________________________________
LESSON 2 Some North American Mammals
Warm Up
1. Which one of these two animals do you think is the most
dangerous in North America? Which ones are the most com-
mon?
Bison
The bison, which is often called the buffalo, has a big head
and curved horns. Bison live in herds, or groups of ani-
mals, in the western United States and Canada. An adult
bison can weigh up to 2000 pounds and a large bison can
eat as much as 60 pounds of grass a day!

Moose
A moose is a member of the deer family. In the spring the
male moose grows a set of antlers on its head which he
loses in the following winter. Moose can grow to be 7 feet
tall and 1500 pounds. Moose are herbivores, which mean
that they eat plants.

Vocabulary
4. In the Reading, look at the words in blue and match them
with the meaning in the box.

a) the young of certain animals, as the bear, lion, or

tiger. ___________
b) a barrier to obstruct the flow of water, especially one
2. Read the article and check your guesses from Exercise 1. of earth, masonry, etc., built across a stream or river.
_________
c) a relatively long, narrow band of a different color,
3. Read the article again and answer the questions. appearance, weave, material, or nature from the rest
of a surface or thing. ___________
1. What does “hibernate” mean? d) a number of animals kept, feeding, or traveling toge
2. Why do bears hibernate? ther; drove; flock ____________________
3. Which animal looks like it’s wearing a mask? e) skillful or adroit in the use of the hands or body.
4. What do moose eat? ____________________
5. What does “herd” mean?
6. Which animal builds dams?

5. Work In Pairs. Ask and answer questions about animals in

Reading, Animals of North America South America.

Bear Vocabulary
There are eight different kinds of bears in the world. Black
6. Use the strategies in the Skill Builder and guess the mea-
bears and brown bears live in many areas of North nings of the words and expressions (1-8)
America and polar bears live in parts of Canada and
Alaska. Many kinds of bears hibernate, or sleep in the 1. Creepy Crawlies
winter. This helps them save energy. In the winter the baby a) deadly animals
bears, or cubs, are born. b) poisonous animals
c) insects/spiders/snakes
Raccoon
2. cute
The raccoon is a small mammal that looks like it’s wearing a) friendly
a mask. It has a striped tail. Raccoons are omnivorous, b) pretty
which means that they can eat many different things. They c) lazy
have very dexterous paws which they can use to open
3. hind legs
containers to get at the food inside.
a) large legs
b) front legs
Beaver c) back legs
The beaver is a large rodent with a flat tail that it uses for
swimming and for balancing. The beaver is famous for its 4. venom
a) bite
ability to build dams in rivers and streams. b) teeth
c) poison
 5. laid-back
SENTENCE BUILDER
a) dangerous
1. At number seven is the hippo. It looks laid-back.
b) relaxed
c) beautiful 2. It is four o’clock and it is snowing outside.
3. It is fun to play football.
6. bedding
a) under a bed
b) sheets and blankets
c) room to sleep in 8. Write sentences with it using the cues.
1. raining / very windy
7. tiny
a) very big It is raining and it is very windy.
b) very small 2. funny / play the guitar
c) very dangerous 3. 8th April / 2016
4. easy / learn French
8. long-sleeved
5. sunny / at 6 o’clock
a) covering the head
b) covering arms
c) covering legs 9. Choose one of the options (a-c) below. Write notes about it.

a) domestic animals in Ecuador

7. Look at the Sentence Builder. What does It refer to in 1?
b) dangerous animals in Ecuador
Does it refer to anything in 2 or 3?
c) endangered animals in Ecuador

LESSON 3
But bees are not useful only for people. Many birds and small
Writing mammals eat plants that need bee pollination. If these animals
die of hunger, their predators, the next animal in the food chain
will die, too.

Although there are other pollinating insects - like butterflies

and wasps - none of these species is a true pollinating
machine like bees.

Unfortunately, most bees are in danger at the moment.

Modern farming has changed their habitat and many flowers
have disappeared, so bees do not have enough pollen to eat.
Some bees are also killed by diseases.

Act 3. Read the sentences (1-5) from the text. Match them
with the diagrams (a-e)

Act 1. Look at the photos. What do you know about bees? 1.- All species are important. (d)
2.- Most bees are in danger. (__)
3.- Many Birds eat berries and seeds. (__)
Act 2. Read the text. What have you learned about bees?
What other animals are useful to our planet? Why? 4.- Some medicines come from plans. (__)
5.- None of the Species is a true Pollinating machine.
No bees, no pollination, no plants, no animas
Reading, Bees
Bees are one of the most important species on our planet. It is
certainly true that all species are important but none of them
can even compare to bees. Who wants a world without honey,
flowers and chocolate? Bees first appear on earth about 150
million years ago and now there are 20,000 bee species
around the world. They pollinate about 250,000 species
around the world. They pollinate about 250,000 species of
plants. Many of these plants, like apples and cotton, are very
important to world agriculture. In addition, some important
medicine comes from plants.

Rules:
We use all, most, some, no and none of the with plural
countable and uncountable nouns.
We use many with plural nouns only.
Act. 4 Read the rules above. Circle each of the nouns below
that do not go with <<many>>.
animals / honey / bees / water / apples /
chocolate / people / danger / insects
LESSON 4 Writing Workshop
1. Read the brochure about a nature school. What three
questions would you ask to get more information about the
courses?
Green Tree Nature School
Wild Foods: collect, and cook plants and wild mushrooms,
catch fish and animals.
Survival: Make shelters and fires, collect water, cook wild
food.
Wood Crafts: Cut down trees and make things from wood.
Wildlife Watching: Identify different species of plants,
trees, animals and birds.
Three-Day Course (June to September) for $500 (Food
included). Bring a tent.
Act 2. Read the letter. Which of your questions from Exercise
1 does Henry ask?
Dear Sirs,
I am writing to ask for more information regarding your
Wild Foods course.
First, is it more complicated than the other courses?
Should one have any previous experience? I do not know a lot
about the countryside since I am from the City of Guayaquil.
Secondly, do I need to bring any special clothing? Also, how
many students are there per group?
There are some other considerations. Are snacks included
in the cost of the course? What kind of foods will we be
searching for? I am allergic to Poison Ivy and bee stings. Is
cooking equipment included in the course?
When I arrive in Bahía de Caráquez from Guayaquil, who will
be there to meet me?
I am looking forward to hearing from you!
Yours truly,
Henry Norton.
Act 5. Complete the sentences with the correct animals.
elephants / birds / sharks/ bears /kangaroos
Ex.
1. Some elephants live in India.
2. Most ___________ are dangerous for swimmers.
3. Many________ migrate to warmer places in winter.
4. No __________________ live in tropical climates.
5. All ____________________ can jump.
Act 6. Look at the results of a class survey. Make sentences
with all, most, many, some, or none of the.
Act 3. Match following expressions with those in bold in the
formal email that have similar meanings.
I look forward to hearing from you.
I am writing for infomation about your couse
Dear Sir / Madam
1. All the best, Yours truly,
2. Write soon. _________________________________
3. Hi there! ______________
4. I want to know about the course. _____________ ___
___________________________________________
Act 4. Match the words in in bold with the meanings.
Aditionally, / the rest of / more difficult than / I have some
# ______ ________ ______________ _________
1. There are some other considerations.
2. Also, how many students are there…?
3. How many students other than me are there per
group?
4. Is it more complicated than the other courses?
Act 5. Work in Pairs. Write a letter asking for information
about the course at the Green Tree Nature School. Give your
letter to your partner. Then, he or she asks you the question
you wrote in your letter.
___________________
___________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________
__________________________
LESSON 5 Writing Workshop
1. Listen to the dialogue. With Skill Builder strategies identify
the style as formal or informal. What is the relationship
between the two people?
5. Match the suggestions (1-6) in the Talk Builder with the
short questions (a-f) Then check your answers by listening to
the dialogue again.
Ex. #2. Why don’t we carry on walking…?

6. Work in Pairs. Make suggestions and reply with questions.

1. do something this weekend (why)

Ex.
A: Why don’t we do something this weekend?
B: What do you want to do?
2. go for a walk (where?)
3. go tomorrow morning (what time?)
4. meet up somewhere (where?)
5. go for a coffee before the walk (why?)
6. meet some friends afterwards (who?)
2. Listen again. Then answer the questions.
1. Why can’t she a call for help on her mobile phone?
7. In Pairs: Plan to do something with your partner this
2. What do they decide to make?
weekend.
3. What food will they probably eat?
4. Do they need to start a fire with two sticks?
5. What wild plants can they see that they can eat?
1. Write some notes about these things.
6. Why does the man say he’s an expert? • who to meet
• where to go
• what to do
3. Pronunciation. Repeat these words without pronouncing
the silent letters in blue. • when/how to get there
• when to return home
answer asthma battery comfortable
2. Practice saying suggestions.
dangerous different environment every
Let’s go to the beach this weekend
favorite fire interesting poisonous
sure tired Wednesday 3. In Pairs. Make suggestions and reject them.
A: What about going to eat out?
B: Where? I don’t like food in town. Let’s go to the
4. Listen and complete the suggestions (1-6) in the Talk movies.
Builder with the words below. A: What movie? We can see the new one with Brad
Pitt.
B: Okay. Let’s meet at…
can should Let’s why is

Talk Builder: Suggestions and short questions

7. Share with the class what you decided to do.
Suggestions Short Questions
1. I think we should
phone someone a) What?
2. We ______ carry on walking b) How?
and stop later. c) Who?
3. ___________ make a shelter. d) Where?
4. What _______ that over there? e) Why?
5. We __________ collect wild f) When?
food, too.
6. ________ don’t we start a fire?