Anatomy Guidelines (Faisal Baloch)

Chapter Wise guidelines.

Important chapters and important topics.

Past papers questions are included in guidelines.

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Chapter Wise guidelines. Written By Faisal Baloch BSN 3rd Year Medicare College
Multan.

(introduction + Cell and tissue :)

Anatomical position imp, body planes imp, abominanal regions and qudrants imp

Structure of cell membrane

Enlist single membrane

bound organelles
Enlist double membrane bounded organelles

Cel cycle. It's phases

Mitosis imp with diagram

Classify tissue imp

Epithelial tissue, it's types and their structure, shape and in which body constituents they comprises. Very
very imp

Connective tissue.
Cells found in connective tissue
Their types (loose , adipose, reticulur , dense)
Cartilage
Types of cartilage (hyaline, fibro , elastic)

Muscle tissue
Types ( skeletal, smooth, cardiac) very very important

Axial skeleton with their bone

Appendicular skeleton with their bones.

Bones of pelvic and shoulder griddle

Cavities of body , content and their boundaries (cranial,thoracic, abdominal, pelvic cavity) very very very very
very very important

(Cardiovascular system:)

Capillaries, veins and arteries me difference

Anastomosis vs end-artries

Organ associated with heart .

Structure of heart/layers.

Blood flow though heart.

Blood supply of heart .

With venous return.

Cardiac cycle. With sounds. For MCQs only ye physio kaa question hyy

Pulmonary vs systemic circulation vs fetal circulation .

Major blood vessels with their branches.

Circle of Willis.

Aorta, usk types, unk branches, very very very important,. Paired and unpaired arteries of abdominal and
thoracic aorta,
Branches of external carotid artery,
Isk disorders imp han,

Tetralogy of fallout, aneurysm, varicose vein Pahly he exams Maii achuky han, myocardial infarction bhi imp
hyy,.

(Musculoskeletal system:)

Bone , it's structure and types very imp

Bone cells (osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes)are imp for MCQs

Compact bone vs spongy bone

Bone in skull
Bones in face
Bones of axial skeleton
Bones of appendicular skeleton

Characteristics of typical vertebrae with it's bones

Joints . Types of joints(Fibrous, cartilaginous and synovial joint)

Characteristics of synovial joint and it's types with example.

Brief description about shoulder , elbow, wrist , hip joints with ligaments present in them .

Basic structure of muscle.

Muscle of face imp
Muscle of neck imp
Muscle of abdominal wall
Muscle of back
Muscle of thorax
Muscle of upper limbs imp
Muscle of lower limbs imp
Muscle of pelvic floor.

(Blood and Endocrine:)

Ye physiology k specific chapter han Lakn in Maii Anatomy k mcq aty han.
Aor kuch topics han jin Maii seqs ban sakty han
Blood Maii RBCs and it's formation steps, white blood cells, clotting factors,

Endocrine Maii pituitary gland, it's Types, structure, pituitary portal system, Thyroid gland structure and
blood supply, parathyroid gland structure and blood supply and it's relation with Thyroid gland,

Isk ilawa adrenal gland k 3 zones Un Maii Mcq askta haa.

Cells of pancreas Maii askta haa Mcq

(Respiratory system:)

Septal walls of nose and nasal cavity with . Enlist Sinus of nose.

Pharynx:
It's structure
Association with other organs
Parts of pharynx
Blood supply ,

Larynx:
Structure
Association with other organs
Layers
Enlist cartilage present in larynx with their
Blood supply,

Trachea:
Structure
Association with other organs
Layers
Blood supply, nerve supply

Lungs :
Gross structure
Pleural cavity and pleura
Blood supply, nerve supply

Bronchi:
Structure
Layers
Right bronchus vs left bronchus
Organ association
Blood supply

Structure of alveoli

Inspiration
Expiration
Internal respiration
External respiration
Ye sab just for mcqs

Normal breathing muscle very imp

Accessory respiratory muscle imp

(Urinary System:)

Gross Structure of kidney imp for both mcqs and seqs

Microscopic structure of kidney.Structure of nephron with diagram and labeling. Imp

Organ associated with kidney.

Structure of ureter and urinary bladder. Their layers with cells type .

Organ associated with male and female urinary bladder. Their blood and nerve supply

Urethra in relationship with male and female, it's structure

(Digestive syetem:)

Name of Organs and accessory organs of alimentary canal : iss Maii app ne organs k name yaad karny han
just,

Basic structure of alimentary canal( from adventitia to before mouth) : iss Maii adventitia k 3 lines han wo
parhen ge, isk ilawa peritoneum ko seq k liay briefly parh len isk layers tak , baqii mcqs k liay read karain
sara
Muscle layer, isko sara read karlen isk muscle kaa name aor peristalsis Maii mcqs askta ha, Mucosa aor
sub mucosa ko bhi sraa read karlen,
Mucosa k layers mcqs yaa seqs Maii askty han. mucous membrane kaa separately short question bhi askta
ha, isk secretions mcqs Maii aty han

Nerve supply ko ziada karny ke zroorat ni, parasympathetic supply Maii vagus nerve supply karta haa ye
mcq askta haa isk ilawa isk end k 2 points parhen

Sympathetic supply Maii bhi btana haa kah plexus supply karta haa aor isk end points karain

Mouth, isk 5 positions karny han

And neechy jo parts k definitions han wo mcqs Maii aty han

Tongue kaa Paragrah mcqs k liay, usk blood supply and nerve supply seqs k liay karlen

Teeth usko read karna haa mcq askta ha and structure of a tooth usk 3 parts name, blood supply nerve
karny han

Salivary glands aor usk 3 types important Han and it's structure blood supplies,
composition poora karain imp haa, secretion bhi dkeh len,

Phyranx complete,

Esophagus structure of esophagus, blood supply ye karna ha ziada imp ni haa just concept le len read
karain

Stomach imp ha, organs associated,

structure of stomach imp haa saraa karna walls of stomach Mai muscle layer and mucosa very important,
yaha pe ek term haa rugae uska mcq laazmi ana haa

Small intestine, 3 parts, and structure of small intestine important ha, yaha pe ek term hy mesentary wo
boht important ha, isk baad mucosa ko read karnaa haa uss Maii mcqs seqs aty han specially villi micro villi
goblet cells achy se parhen

, blood supply maii arteries and veins k name dekhen

Large intestine, it's four parts very important , structure ko just read karlen apko idea honaa Chaiay isk
structure Maii kiaa ha, blood supply Maii artery and veins name

Pancrease, endocrine, exocrine, cells of Pancrease, blood supply

Liver, organs associated, imp

portal fissure very important ,
blood supply,
Structure Maii usk lobes han aor ducts Han wo achy se read karny han
Aor scheme of blood flow through liver wo laazmi dekhn side pe ek flowchart saa bana hogaa

Billiary tract,
bile duct,
structure,
gall bladder,
structure blood supply,

(Nervous Syetem guidelines:)

First page ko just mcqs and concept build karny k liay read karlen,. Yaha pe jo choty choty lines k definitions
han inhe read karlen mcq askty han.

Define Neuron and draw structure of neuron important Han

Axon and structure of Axon, dendrites inka apko pata honaa Chaiay.

Action potential synapse neurotransmitter leave karain ye physiology haa mcq may be ajain seqs ni aynge,

Nerve isk 3 types and structure very important

Receptor leave karain physiology ha

Nerves ko mcqs k liay parhen

Neuroglia ko achy se parhen usk definition parts k names and har part k functions wese ye physiology kaa
question haa but Anatomy maii laazmi ataa hota haa

Agay chor den

Meninges and usk 3 matter important han

Ventricles of brain important han

Define CsF, it's formation, flow and composition important

Brain k blood supply important

Cerebrum iss mai mcq ata hota haa ye poora Paragrah read karain

Cerebral tract karen

Functions chor de,

Motor and Sensory areas parhen, laazmi aor ye bhi kah in Maii konsy Cranial nerves aty han

Baqii jo parts of brain han, ink just structures thora read karain and mcq k liay ink function physiology Maii
aty han,

Medula Oblongata Maii mcq ataa haa kah respiratory center aor cardiovascular center ha

What is spinal cord, it's white and Grey matter very important question

Baqi just mcq k liay agay parhen otherwise chor den

Upper and lower motor neuron important haa mcqs k liay

Sensory nerve Impulses pain pathway dekhen

Baqii agay chor den sraa physiology ha

PNS Maii ayn

Name spinal Nerves, why all spinal Nerves are mixed

Enlist Name of plexus very important

Draw and explain brachial and cervical plexus

Cranial nerves very important, aor ye bhi dekhen kah ye sensory han Yaa motor,

Baqi sara agay chor den physiology ha

(Lymphatics guidelines:)

Name organs of lymphatic system

Functions of lymphatic system ye skip karden chor de ye physiology kaa question haa just mcq k liay read
karain

Define lymph very important

Lymph capillaries large lymph vessels ye seqs k liay ziada important ni mcqs k liay read karlen

Thoracic and right lymphatic duct important

Yaha pe mcqs aty han aor seqs bhi
Lymph nodes k definition very important,
Structure mcqs k liay boht important ha

Functions leave karain

Spleen, organs associated and structure very very important,

Functions leave karain

Thymus organs associated and structure important

Functions skip karain,

MALT mcqs k liay imp,

Agay sara leave karain, agay SEQs ni ataay

And ek very important question jo Apk book Maii ni ha

Write down lymhaptic circulation pathway, iske Maii apko flowchart send kardon gaa

(Skin guidelines:)

Jo structure Maii first paragraph haa iss Maii mcqs aty han,

Isk baad skin k 2 layers yani epidermis and dermis

Epidermis very important for MCQs and SEQs

SEQ iss traah ataa haa kah write a note on epidermis,

Name cells found in epidermis (ye book Maii ni Maii apko bhejta hon)

Isk ilawa 5 strata layers of epidermis (ye bhi book Maii ni miai apko bhejta hon)

Agay sara mcqs k liay very important ye patahragh iss Maii mcqs annual Maii har sal aty han

Usk baad what is dermis name cells in dermis ye uss Maii Likhy hoay han

Usk baad neechy structure of dermis important for MCQ seqs

Sensory receptors in skin wala table very important hamary time annual Anatomy and physiology dono Maii
mcq aya thaa
Sweet glands Maii ecrine sweet glands and apocrine sweet glands kaa difference imp ha

Hair Maii mcq aty han

Arrector pilli, sebum, hair papilla ink definition very important

Nails ko superficial read karain just,

Functions of skin leave karain

Wound healing Maii primary wound healing process very important

Secondary bhi parhen but primary pe ziada focus

Agay saraa leave karain

(Reproductive system:)

Structure, cells , glands , parts blood supply, nerve supply, venous drainage ye is Chaptrr k imp contents
han
Topics maii neechy batata hon

Organs of eternal genitalia (labia majora , labia minora, clitoris, vestibule perineum ) and internal genitalia

Structure ,shape , cells type , blood supply, imp , layers , venous drainage, parts of following structures:
Vagina
Uterus
Uterine tubes
Ovaries

Supporting structure/ligaments of uterus. Very important

Reproductive cycle physiology question hyy just read karain, skip naa karain

Structure, cells , blood supply of breast ,

following structures ko read karlen in Maii mcqs zroor aty Han :

Scrotum (layers)
Testes
Spermatic cord
Seminal vesicles
Urethra
Penis
Prostate glands
Composition of semen, by which glands it formed !

(Special Senses:)

Structure of outer ear(pinna and external acoustic meatus)

Middle ear structure, it's walls , content of middle ear ( Auditory ossicles imp topic) very important
Especially walls and content

Structure of inner ear , it's content (vestibule, semicircular canals, cochlea)

In oper btay gye 3no parts Maii mcqs aty han aor Middle ear k walls and contents Maii seqs bhi askta ha

Bony labyrinth vs membranous labyrinth.

Structure of eye. It's layers .

Sclera and cornea
Choroid
Ciliary body
Iris
Pupil
Lens
Retina
Optic chiasma
Optic tracts

Blood supply to eye with venous drainage.

Intraocular and extraocular muscles of eye

Accessory organs of eye( eyebrows, eyelids , lacrimal apparatus,

Lacrimal ducts and pathway imp

Visual reflex pathway, with diagram

Important questions Chapter Wise

Anatomy and organization

Body planes,
Body cavities unk contents and boundaries

Abdominal quadrants

Abdominal regions

I'm sure in Maii question yaa phr zroor ayyga.

Physiological chemistry
Only mcq read karlen

Cell and tissue

Plasma membrane

Organelle physiology k question Han mcqs Maii askty han

Mitosis meiosis

Epithelium and types very very important

Nervous system

Cell body

Axon and structure important

Nerve and types

Neuroglia

Meninges and it's matters

Ventricles of brain and CsF composition flow very important

Blood supply of brain

Cerebral tracts

Pain pathway

Spinal Nerves why they are mixed

Cranial nerves important

Brachial plexus

Special senses

Structure and parts of eyes and blood supply

Lacrimal apparatus

Parts of ear

Middle ear boundaries and contents very important

Visual reflex pathway , light reflex, accommodation reflex

Respiratory system

Organs of respiratory system

Nose nasal cavities ki structures
Larynx structure with its cartilages.
Structure of mucus membrane
Lungs most important.. question.
Whole description of both lungs...
Trachea k blood supply
Structure+cartilages of layrnx
And associated structures of organs

Urinary system

Structure of kidney

Associated organs

Nephron structure very important

Blood supply of kidney

Layers of urethra, bladder, ureter

Difference between male and female pelvic (with associated organs)

CVS

Arteries, vein, capillaries,

Arterioles, venules,
Anastmosis and end arteries for MCQs imp

Flow of blood inside heart

Conducting syetem of Heart

Circle of Willis

Branches of aorta, Branches of arch of aorta, Branches of ascending and descending aorta

Branches of abdominal and thoracic aorta

Branches of external carotid artery

Blood supply and circulation of organs

Fetal, portal, systemic and pulmomary circulation

Digestive system

Name organs and accessory organs of alimentary canal

Write a note on basic structure of alimentary canal
Give nerve supply of tongue
What are Salivary glands. Name Salivary glands. Composition of saliva
Structure of stomach, organs associated
Define Rugae. Name gastric glands and their secretion
Name 3 parts of small intestine
Define mesentery, give structure of small intestine
Give parts of large intestine
Give structure and blood supply of large intestine
Name cells of pancreatic islands and their hormones
Organs associated with liver
Portal fissure very important
Structure of liver
Blood flow of liver
Fate of bilirubin
Biliary tract

Reproductive system

Enlist External and internal genital contents.

Structure of uterus and it's support . Very imp

Menstrual cycle

Structure of ovaries and reproductive cycle.

Structure of testes and it's layers.

Semen forming glands with it's composition.

Anatomy Annual Paper 2022

Anatomy Annual Paper 2023
Anatomy supply paper 2023

25 December 2023 * 1 point

Wednesday
7:26 pm.

Best wishes for your paper students.Keep remembering me in your prayers. JazakAllah.

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