4.

DETERMINANTS

Single Correct Answer Type

| |
1. k 1 5 n
If ∆ k = k 2 n+1 2 n+1 , then ∑ ∆k is equal to
2

3 2 k =1
k 3n 3 n+1
a) 2
n
b) 2
n
c) 1
n
d) 0
∑k ∑ k2 2
∑ k2
k=1 k=1 k=1

| |
2. 2 −1
x
The solutions of the equation 2 5 x =0 ,are
−1 2 x
a) 3, −1 b) −3 , 1 c) 3, 1 d) −3 ,−1

| |
3. 441 442 443
The value of 445 446 447 is
449 450 451
a) 441 × 446 × 4510 b) 0 c) −1 d) 1

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4. 1 α α2
If f ( α )= α α 2 1 ,then f ( √
3
3) is equal to
2
α 1 a
a) 1 b) −4 c) 4 d) 2

| |
5. a p 1
If a , b , c are respectively the pth, q th, r th terms of an AP, then b q 1 is equal to
c r 1
a) 1 b) −1 c) 0 d) pqr

[ ]
6. −1 −2 3
The minors of−4 and 9 and the cofactors of−4 and 9 in matrix −4 −5 −6 are respectively
−7 8 9
a) 42 , 3 ,−42 ,3 b) −42,−3 , 42 ,−3 c) 42 , 3 ,−42 ,−3 d) 42 , 3 , 42 , 3

7. If α , β , γ are the cube roots of unity, then the value of the

| |
eα e2 α (e 3 α −1)
β 2β
determinant e e (e 3 β −1) is equal to
γ 2γ 3γ
e e (e −1)
a) −2 b) −1 c) 0 d) 1

| |
8. 3−x −6 3
A root of the equation −6 3−x 3 =0 , is
3 3 −6−x
a) 6 b) 3 c) 0 d) None of these

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9. log 3 512 log 4 3 log 2 3 log 8 3
The value of × is
log 3 8 log 4 9 log 3 4 log 3 4
a) 7 b) 10 c) 13 d) 17

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10. a2 a 1
The value of the determinant cos (nx ) cos ( n+1 ) x cos ( n+2 ) x is independent of
sin(nx ) sin ( n+ 1 ) x sin ( n+2 ) x
a) n b) a c) x d) None of these

| |
11. x +1 2 x +1 3 x+1
If x ≠ 0 , 2x 4 x+ 3 6 x+ 3 =0, then x +1 is equal to
4 x+ 4 6 x +4 8 x + 4
a) x b) 0 c) 2 x d) 3 x

| |
12. −1 1 1
The value of the determinant 1 −1 1 is equal to
1 1 −1
a) −4 b) 0 c) 1 d) 4

13. If x , y , z are different from zero and

| |
a b− y c−z
a b c
∆ a−x b c−z =0 , then the value of the expression + + is
x y z
a−x b− y c
a) 0 b) −1 c) 1 d) 2

| |
14. p b c
p q r
If a ≠ p , b ≠ q , c ≠ r and a q c =0 , then the value of + + is
p−a q−b r−c
a b r
a) 0 b) 1 c) −1 d) 2

| |
15. a a+b a+2 b
The value of ∆= a+2 b a a+b is equal to
a+ b a+2 b a
a) 2 b) 2 c) 2 d) 2
9 a (a+b) 9 b (a+b) a ( a+b) b ( a+b)
16. π
The value of θ lying between θ=0and and satisfying
2

| |
1+sin 2 θ cos 2 θ 4 sin 4 θ
the equation sin2 θ 1+cos θ
2
4 sin 4 θ is
2 2
sin θ cos θ 1+ 4 sin 4 θ
a) 7 π b) 5 π c) 11π d) π
24 24 2 24

| |
17. a1 a 2 a3
2 2 2
If a + b +c =1 ( i=1 ,2 , 3 )∧ai a j +b i b j +c i c j=0 (i ≠ j∧i , j=1 , 2 ,3 ) , then the value of b 1 b 2 b3 is
i i i
c 1 c2 c 3
a) 0 b) 1 c) 1 d) 2
2

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18. α β γ
If α , β , γ are the cube roots of 8, then β γ α =¿
γ α β
a) 0 b) 1 c) 8 d) 2

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19. 1+ a 1 1
−1 −1 −1
If 1+b 1+2 b 1 =0 , where a ≠ 0 , b ≠ 0 , c ≠ 0 , thena + b +c is
1+ c 1+ c 1+ 3 c
a) 4 b) −3 c) −2 d) −1

| |
20. 0 x−a x−b
A root of the equation x +a 0 x−c =0 , is
x +b x +c 0
a) a b) b c) 0 d) 1

| || || |
21. x 2 3 1 x 4 0 5 x
If 2 3 x = x 4 1 = 5 x 0 =0 , then the value of x values ( x ∈ R ) :
3 x 2 4 1 x x 0 5
a) 0 b) 5 c) −5 d) None of these

| |
22. bc b c ' + b' c b' c'
' ' ' '
ca c a + c a c a is equal to
' ' ' '
ab a b + a b a b
a) (ab−a ' b ' )(bc−b ' c ')(ca−c ' a ')

b) (ab +a ' b ')(bc +b ' c ')(ca +c ' a ')

c) ' ' '

(a b −a ' b)(b c −b ' c)(c a −c ' a)
d) ' ' '
(a b + a ' b)(b c +b ' c )(c a + c ' a)
23. If a square matrix A is such that A AT =I = AT A then |A|is equal to

a) 0 b) ± 1 c) ± 2 d) None of these

| | | |
24. 1 1 1 1 bc a
If ∆ 1= a b c , ∆2= 1 ca b , then
2 2 2
a b c 1 ab c
a) ∆ + ∆ =0 b) ∆ + 2 ∆ =0 c) ∆ =∆ d) ∆ =2 ∆
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2

| |
25. y+z x y
2
If z + x z x =k ( x+ y+ z ) ( x−z ) , then k is equal to
x+ y y z
a) 2 xy z b) 1 c) xy z d) 2 2 2
x y z
26. A is a square matrix of order 4 and I is a unit matrix, then it is true that

a) d et(2 A )=2 d et( A) b) det( 2 A )=16 det( A)

c) det(− A )=−¿det( A) d) det( A+ I )=det ( A ) + I

27. If the matrix M r is given by

M r=
[ r−1r r−1
r ]
,=1 ,2 , 3 ,. … ,then the value of det ( M 1 ) +det ( M 2 ) +¿ . … ¿+det(M 2008 )is

a) 2007 b) 2008 c) d)
( 2008 )2 ( 2007 )2
28. l , m, nare the pth, q th and r th terms of an GP and all

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log l p 1
Positive, then log m q 1 equals
log n r 1
a) 3 b) 2 c) 1 d) zero

[ ]
29. 5 10 3
The matrix −2 −4 6 is a singular matrix, if b is equal to
−1 −2 b
a) −3 b) 3 c) 0 d) For any value of b

30. Consider the system of equations

a 1 x +b1 y +c 1 z=0
a 1 x +b2 y +c 2 z=0
a 3 x +b3 y +c 3 z =0

| |
a1 b 1 c 1
If a2 b 2 c 2 =0 , then the system has
a3 b 3 c 3
a) More than two solutions

b) One trivial and one non-trivial solutions

c) No solution

d) Only trivial solution (0 , 0 , 0)

| |
31. xn x n +2 x n+3
If y n y =( y−z ) ( z −x )( x− y )
n+2 n+3
y
n n+2 n+3
z z z

( 1x + 1y + 1z ) ,then n is equal to
a) 2 b) −2 c) −1 d) 1

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32. a b aα +b
The determinant b c bα +c is equal to zero for all values of α , if
aα +b bα + c 0
a) a , b , c are in AP b) a , b , c are in GP c) a , b , c are in HP d) None of these

33. The system of equations

kx + y + z=1
x +ky + z=k
2
x + y +kz=k
have no solution, if k equals
a) 0 b) 1 c) −1 d) −2

| |
34. a a+b a+b +c
∆= 3 a 4 a+ 3b 5 a+4 b+3 c , where a=i ,b=ω ,c =ω2 , then ∆ is equal to
6 a 9 a+6 b 11 a+9 b+6 c
a) i b) 2 c) ω d) −i
−ω

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35. a+b b+ c c+ a ab c
If b+c c +a a+ b =k b c a , then k is equal to
c+ a a+b b+c c ab
a) 4 b) 3 c) 2 d) 1

| |
36. α −β 0
0 α β =0, then
β 0 α
a) α is one of the cube roots of unity b) α is one of the cube roots of unity
β
c) β is one of the cube roots of unity d) αβ is one of the cube roots of unity

| |
37. 1 /a 1 bc
∆= 1 /b 1 ca =¿
1/c 1 ab
a) 0 b) abc 1 c) d) None of these
abc
38. Using the factor theorem it is found that a+ b , b+c and c +a are three factors of the determinant

| |
−2 a a+ b a+ c
b+a −2 b b+ c
c+ a c+ b −2 c
The other factor in the value of the determinant is
a) 4 b) 2 c) a+ b+c d) None of these

| |
39. 1 α α2
The arbitrary constant on which the value of the determinant cos ( p−d)a cos pa cos ( p−d ) a does
sin ( p−d ) a sin pa sin ( p−d ) a
not depend, is
a) α b) p c) d d) a

40. If ω is imaginary root of unity, then the value of

| |
a b ω 2 aω
2
bω c b ω is
2
c ω aω c
a) 3 3 3 b) 2 2 c) 0 d) 3 3 3
a + b +c a b−b c a + b +c −3 abc

| | | |
41. 7 x 2 x 2 7
∆ =
If 1 −5 x+ 1 3 and 2 x +1 3 −5 , then the value of x for which ∆ 1+ ∆2=0 , is
∆ =
4 x 7 x 7 4
a) 2 b) 0 c) Any real number d) None of these

| |
42. x b b
If ∆ 1= a x b and ∆ 2=
a a x
x b
a x | |
are the given determinants, then

a) ∆ =3 ∆ 2 b) d ∆ =3 ∆ c) d ∆ =2 ∆ d) ∆ =3 ∆3 / 2
1 ( 2) ( )
dx 1 2 ( )
dx 1 2 1 2

| |
43. cos 2 θ cos θ sinθ −sinθ
If f ( θ )= cos θ sinθ 2
sin θ cosθ .Then, for all θ
sin θ −cos θ 0

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 a) f ( θ )=0 b) f ( θ )=1 c) f ( θ )=−1 d) None of these

| |
44. C 1 0
If C=2 cos θ , then the value of the determinant ∆= 1 C 1 is
6 1 C
a) sin 4 θ b) 2sin 2 θ
2
c) 2
d) None of these
4 cos θ ¿ ¿
sin θ sinθ

| |
45. sin x cos x tan x
f (x)
If f ( x )= x 3 x
2
x , then lim 2 , is
n→ 0 x
2x 1 1
a) 3 b) −1 c) 0 d) 1

46. Let [ x ¿ represent the greatest integer less than or equal to x , then the value of the determinant

| |
[e] [π ] [ π 2−6 ]
[π ] [ π 2−6 ] [e] is
[ π −6 ]
2
[e] [π ]
a) −8 b) 8 c) 10 d) None of these

47.
If A=
35
[ 2 0]
and B=
1 17 ,
[ 0−10]
then | AB| is equal to

a) 80 b) 100 c) −110 d) 92

| | | |
48. 1 2 3 7 20 29
'
If ∆= 2 5 7 and ∆ = 2 5 7 , then
3 9 13 3 9 13
a) ' b) ∆ ' = 3 c) ' d) '
∆ =3 ∆ ∆ =∆ ∆ =2 ∆
∆

| |
49. 2 xy x 2 y2
2 2
x y 2 xy is equal to
2 2
y 2 xy x
a) 2 b) 3 c) 2 3 d) 3 2
( x3 + y3 ) ( x2 + y2 ) −( x + y )
2
−( x + y )
3

50. In a ∆ ABC , a , b , c are sides and A , B ,C are angles opposite to them, then the value of the determinant

| |
2
a b sin A c sin A
b sin A 1 cos A , is
c sin A cos A 1
a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 3

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51. b2 c 2 bc b +c
2 2
c a ca c+ a is equal to
2 2
a b ab a+ b
a) 1 (ab+bc +ca) b) ab+ bc+ ca c) 0 d) a+ b+c
abc

| |
52. 1+ a 1 1
−1 −1 −1
If a + b +c =0 such that 1 1+b 1 =λ then value of λ is
1 1 1+c
a) 0 b) abc c) −abc d) None of these

53. If a , b , c , are in A.P., then the value of

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x +1 x +2 x+ a
x +2 x +3 x+ b , is
x +3 x+ 4 x +c
a) 3 b) −3 c) 0 d) None of these

| |
54. a−b b−c c−a
x− y y−z z−x is equal to
p−q p−r r− p
a) a ( x + y + z ) +b ( p+q+ r ) +c b) 0

c) abc + xy z+ ppr d) None of the above

| |
55. a−b+c – a−b+ c 1
a+b+2 c – a+ b+2 c 2 is
3c3c 3
a) 6 ab b) ab c) 12 ab d) 2 ab

| |
56. 0 1 −2
In the determinant −1 0 3 , the value of cofactor to its minor of the element −3 is
2 −3 0
a) −1 b) 0 c) 1 d) 2

57. If ω is a cube root of unity, then for polynomial is

| |
x +1 ω ω2
2
ω x +ω 1
2
ω 1 x +ω
a) 1 b) ω c) 2 d) 0
ω

| |
58. x +a b c
If a x +b c =0 , then x equals
a b x+ c
a) a+ b+c b) −(a+b+ c) c) 0 , a+ b+c d) 0 ,−(a +b+c )

59. If a , b , c are the sides of a ∆ ABC and A , B ,C are respectively the angles opposite to them, then

| a2
b sin A
b sin A
1
c sin A cos ( B−C )
a) sin A−sin B sin C
c sin A
cos ( B−C ) equals
1
b) abc
| c) 1 d) 0

| |
60. 2r−1 3 r−1 4 r−1 n
If D r = x y z , then the value of ∑ D r is equal to
n n n r=1
2 −1 (3 −1)/2 (4 −1)/3
a) 1 b) −1 c) 0 d) None of these

61. If A , B and C are the angles of a triangle and

| |
1 1 1
1+sin A 1+sin B sin C =0
2 2 2
sin A+ sin A sin B+sin B sin C+ sin C
then the triangle must be

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 a) Equilateral b) Isosceles c) Any triangle d) Right angled

[ ]
62. 1 sin θ 1
Let A= −sin θ 1 sinθ , where 0 ≤ θ<2 π . Then, which of the following is not correct?
−1 −sin θ 1
a) Det ( A )=0 b) Det ( A)∈(−∞ , 0) c) Det ( A ) ∈[2 , 4 ] d) Det ( A ) ∈¿

| |
63. 1 5 π
log e e 5 √ 5 is equal to
log 10 10 5 e
a) b) e c) 1 d) 0
√π
64. If a 2+ b2 +c 2=−2and

| |
2
( 1+b 2 ) x ( 1+ c 2) x
1+ a x
f ( x )= (1+ a2) x ( 1+b 2 x ) ( 1+ c 2) x , then f (x) is a polynomial of degree
(1+ a2) x ( 1+b 2 ) x ( 1+ c 2 x )
a) 2 b) 3 c) 0 d) 1

65. If c <1 and the system of equations x + y−1=0 ,2 x− y −c=0∧−bx +3 by−c =¿0 is consistent, then the
possible real values of b are
a)
(3
b ∈ −3 ,
4 ) b) −3 c) −3
b∈ ( 4 , 4)
d) None of these
b∈ ( 4 ,3)
| |
66. 1 1 1
−x 2 −x 2 2
The value of ( 2 +2 ) ( 3 +3 ) ( 5 +5−x )
x x x
is
2 2 2
( 2 x −2−x ) ( 3 x −3−x ) ( 5 x −5−x )
a) 0 b) x c) −x d) 1
30 30
67. If A is an invertible matrix, then det ( A−1) is equal to

a) det b( A) 1 b) c) 1 d) None of these

det (A )

| |
68. 1+ a 1 1
If a ≠ 0 , b ≠ 0 , c ≠ 0 , then 1 1+b 1 is equal to
1 1 1+c
a) abc
(
b) abc 1+ 1 + 1 + 1
a b c ) c) 0 d) 1+ 1 + 1 + 1
a b c

| |
69. a −1 0
If f ( x )= ax a −1 ,then f ( 2 x ) −f (x ) is equal to
2
a x ax a
a) ax b) ax (2 a+ 3 x ) c) ax (2+3 x ) d) None of these

| |
70. −12 0 λ
If 0 2−1 =−360 ,then the value of λ is
21 15
a) −1 b) −2 c) −3 d) 4

71. If ω is a complex cube root of unity, then

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1 ω ω2
2
ω ω 1 is equal to
2
ω 1 ω
a) −1 b) 1 c) 0 d) ω

| |
72. 10
C4 10
C5 11
Cm
The value of
11
C6 11
C7 12
Cm +2 =0 ,when m is equal to
12 12 13
C8 C9 Cm +4
a) 6 b) 5 c) 4 d) 1

| |
73. 1 1 0
If 2 0 3 =29 , then x is
5 −6 x
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

| |
74. sin2 x cos2 x 1
cos x sin x 1 =¿
2 2

−10 12 2
a) 0

b) 2 2
12 cos x−10 sin x
c) 2 2
12 sin x−10 cos x−2
d) 10 sin 2 x

75. If A and B are square matrices of order 3 such that | A|=−1 ,|B|=3 then∨3 AB∨¿ is equal to

a) −9 b) −81 c) −27 d) 81

76. If a , b , c are non-zero real numbers, then the system of equations

( α +a ) x +α y + α z=0
α x + ( α +b ) y + α z=0
α x + α y+ ( α + c ) z=0
has a non-trivial solution, if
a) −1 −1 −1 −1
α =−(a + b +c )
b) −1
α =a+b+ c
c) α +a+ b+c=1

d) None of these

| |
77. a b aα −b
The determinant b c bα−c vanishes, if
2 1 0
a) a , b , c are in AP b) α = 1 c) a , b , c are in GP d) Both (b) or ( c)
2

| |
78. x 3 7
If −9 is a root of the equation 2 x 2 =0, then the other two roots are
7 6 x

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 a) 2, 7 b) −2 , 7 c) 2 ,−7 d) −2 ,−7

| |
79. a−x c b
If ab+ bc+ ca=0 and c b−x a =0 , then one of the value of x is
b a c−x

[ ]
1/ 2
a) 1/ 2 b) 3 ( a2 +b 2+ c 2)
( a 2+ b2 +c 2 ) 2

[ ]
c) 1 ( a2 +b 2+ c2 )
1/ 2
d) None of these
2

| |
80. x−1 1 1
The roots of the equation 1 x−1 1 =0 , are
1 1 x−1
a) 1 , 2 b) −1 , 2 c) 1 ,−2 d) −1 ,−2

| |
81. 1 2 3
3 3 3
1 2 3 is equal to
5 5 5
1 2 3
a) 1 ! 213 b) 1 ! 3! 5 ! c) 6 ! d) 9 !

82.
If A= [ α2 α2 ] and | A 3|=125 ,then the value of α is

a) ± 1 b) ± 2 c) ± 3 d) ± 5

| |
83. x 4 y+z
The value of y 4 z + x , is
z 4 x+ y
a) 4 b) x + y + z c) xyz d) 0

| |
84. −1 cos C cos B
If A , B ,C be the angles of a triangle, then cos C −1 cos A is equal to
cos B cos A −1
a) 1 b) 0 c) cos A cos B cos C d) cos A+ cos B cos C

| |
85. a2+ x ab ac
2
One factor of ab b + x cb is
2
ca cb c + x
a) 2
x
b) 2 2 2
(a + x )(b + x )(c + x)
c) 1
x
d) None of these

| |
86. x+1 x +2 x +3
If x +2 x +3 x+ 4 =0 then a , b , c are in
x +a x +b x +c
a) AP b) HP c) GP d) None of these

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 | | | |
87. 100 100
If A= =
x 1 0 and 0 1 0 ,then
I
xx1 001
3 2
A −4 A +3 A+ I is equal to
a) 3 I b) I c) −I d) −2 I

| |
88. 1 x y
Determinant 2 sin x +2 x sin y +3 y is equal to
3 cos x +3 x cos y +3 y
a) sin( x− y) b) cos (x− y ) c) cos (x + y) d) xy ¿

| |
89. a2 + x ab ac
2
If a , b , c are the positive integers, then the determinant ∆= ab b + x bc is divisible by
2
ac bc c + x
a) 3 b) 2 c) 2 2 2 d) None of these
x x (a + b +c )

| |
90. bc ca ab
If a , b , c are non-zero real numbers, then ca ab bc vanishes, when
ab bc ca
1 1 1 1 1 1
a) + + =0 b) − − =0 c) 1 + 1 − 1 =0 d) 1 − 1 − 1 =0
a b c a b c b c a b c a

| |
91. 1 2 ( x−1 ) 3 ( x −1 )( x−2 )
If f ( x )= x−1 ( x−1 )( x−2 ) ( x−1 ) ( x−2 )( x−3 )
x x ( x−1 ) x ( x−1 ) ( x−2 )
Then, the value of f ( 49 ) is
a) 49 x b) −49 x c) 0 d) 1

| |
92. 1+ ax 1+ bx 1+ cx
2 3
if 1+ a1 x 1+ b1 x 1+ c 1 x = A 0 + A 1 x + A 2 x + A 3 x , then A0 is equal to
1+ a2 x 1+ b2 x 1+ c 2 x
a) abc b) 0 c) 1 d) None of these

93. If A , B ,C are the angles of a triangle, then the value of

| |
−1 cos C cos B
Δ= cos C −1 cos A is
cos B cos A −1
a) cos A cos B cos C b) sin A sin Bsin C c) 0 d) None of these

94. The value of the determinant

| |
1 cos ( β−α ) cos ( γ−α )
cos ( α −β ) 1 cos ( γ−β ) is
cos ( α −γ ) cos ( β−γ ) 1
a) 4 cos α cos β cos γ b) 2 cos α cos β cos γ c) 4 sin α sin β sin γ d) None of these

| |
95. x 37
If one root of determinant 2 x 2 =0 ,is−9 , then the other two roots are
76 x
a) 2,7 b) 2,−7 c) −2 , 7 d) −2 ,−7

P a g e | 11
96. If 0 ≤ [ x ] <2 ,−1 ≤ [ y ] <1 and 1 ≤ [ z ] <3 ,[∙] denotes the greatest integer function, then the maximum value of
the determinant

| |
[ x ] +1 [ y ] [z ]
∆= [ x ] [ y ] +1 [ z ] , is
[ x] [ y ] [ z ] +1
a) 2 b) 6 c) 4 d) None of these

| |
97. 1 1 1
If D= 1 1+ x 1 for x ≠ 0 , y ≠ 0 , then D is
1 1 1+ y
a) Divisible by neither x nor y b) Divisible by both x and y

c) Divisible by x but not y d) Divisible by y but not x

| |
98. 1 x (x +1)
If f ( x )= 2x x (x −1) x ( x +1) then f (11)equals
( ) ( )
3 x ( x −1) x x−1 (x−2) x x−1 (x +1)
a) 0 b) 11 c) −11 d) 1

| |
99. 1 4 20
The roots of the equation 1 −2 5 =0
2
1 2x 5 x
a) −1 ,−2 b) −1 , 2 c) 1 ,−2 d) 1, 2

100. One root of the equation

| |
3 x−8 3 3
3 3 x−8 3 =¿
3 3 3 x−8
a) 8/3 b) 2/3 c) 1/3 d) 16/3

| |
101. αx xx
x β x x =f ( x )−xf '( x)
If then f ( x ) is equal to
xxγx
x x xδ
a) ( x−α ) (x−β )( x−γ )(x−δ)

b) (x +α )(x + β )(x+ γ )( x +δ)

c) 2(x−α )(x−β )( x−γ )(x −δ)

d) None of these

| |
102. 1 a b
In ∆ ABC if 1 c a =0 ,then
1 b c
2 2 2
sin A +sin B+sin C is equal¿ ¿
a) 4 b) 9 c) d) 1
3 √3
9 4

| |
103. b+c a+b a
The value of determinant c+ a b+ c b is equal to
a+b c +a c

P a g e | 12
 a) 3 3 3 b) 2 abc (a+ b+c ) c) 0 d) None of these
a + b +c −3 abc

| |
104. 1 ωn ω2 n
If n=3 k∧1 ω ,ω 2 are the cube roots of unity, then ∆= ω2 n 1 n
ω has the value
n 2n
ω ω 1
a) 0 b) ω c) 2 d) 1
ω

| || |[ ]
105. x 3 6 2 x 7 4 5 x
If 3 6 x = x 7 2 = 5 x 4 =0 ,then x is equal to
6 x 3 7 2 x x 4 5
a) 9 b) −9 c) 0 d) −1

106. the system of simultaneous equations

kx +2 y−z=1
( k −1 ) y−2 z=2
( k + 2 ) z=3
Have a unique solution if k equals
a) −2 b) −1 c) 0 d) 1

| |
107. λ +1 α β
If α , β are non-real numbers satisfying x 3−1=0 , then the value of α λ+β 1 is equal to
β 1 λ+ α
a) 0 b) 3 c) 3 d) 3
λ λ +1 λ −1

| |
108. a b− y c−z
a b c
If x , y , z are different from zero and Δ= a−x b c−z =0, then the value of expression + + is
x y z
a−x b− y c
a) 0 b) −1 c) 1 d) 2

109. The value of the determinant

| |
1 cos ⁡(α −β) cosα
cos ⁡(α −β) 1 cosβ is
cos α cosβ 1
a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 2 d) 2 2
α −β α +β
110. If A , b , C are the angles of a triangle, then the determinant

| |
sin 2 A sin C sin B
∆= sinC sin 2 B sin A is equal to
sin B sin A sin 2C
a) 1 b) −1 c) sin A+sin B+sin C d) None of these

| |
111. a−b−c 2a 2a
2b b−c−a 2b is equal to
2c 2c c−a−b
a) 0 b) a+ b+c c) d)
( a+ b+c )2 ( a+ b+c )3
112. A and B are two non-zero square matrices such that AB=O . Then,

a) Both A and B are singular

b) Either of them is singular

P a g e | 13
 c) Neither matrix is singular

d) None of these

113. The system of linear equations

x + y + z=2
2 x+ y−z=3
3 x+ 2 y + kz=4
Has a unique solution, is
a) k ≠ 0 b) −1<k < 1 c) −2< k< 2 d) k =0

114. If a 1 , a2. … ….. , a n. , … … .are in GP and a i> 0 for each i , then the determinant

| |
log an log a n+2 log a n+4
∆= log an +6 log a n+8 log a n+10 is equal to
log an+12 log an+ 14 log a n+16
a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) n

| |
115. 11 12 13
The value of 12 13 14 , is
13 14 15
a) 1 b) 0 c) −1 d) 67

| |
116. cos C tan A 0
The determinant sin B 0 −tan A has the value, where A , B ,C are angles of a triangle
0 sin B cos C
a) 0 b) 1 c) sin A sin B d) cos A cos B cos C

117. If 0<θ <π and the system of equations

( sin θ ) x+ y + z=0
x + ( cos θ ) y + z=0
( sin θ ) x+ ( cos θ ) y + z=0
Has a non-trivial solution, then θ=¿
a) π b) π c) π d) π
6 4 3 2
118. −1 √ 3
Let ω= +i , then the value of the determinant
2 2

| |
1 1 1
2 2
1 −1−ω ω , is
2 4
1 ω ω
a) 3 ω b) 3 ω (ω−1) c) 2 d) 3 ω (1−ω)
3ω

| |
119. (x +1) (x 2 +2) ( x 2+ x)
6 5 4 3 2 2 2 2
Let a x +b x +c x + d x +e x + fx+ g= (x + x) (x +1) ( x +2) .Then,
2 2
( x +2) (x + x) (x+ 1)
a) f =3 , g=−5 b) f =−3 , g=−5 c) f =−3 , g=−9 d) None of these

| |
120. 1 a b
2 2 2
In a Δ ABC ,if 1 c a =0 , thensin A +sin B+ sin C is equal to
1 b c

P a g e | 14
 a) 9 b) 4 c) 1 d)
3 √3
4 9

| |
121. 11 1 1
12 3 4
The value of the determinant is equal to
1 3 6 10
1 4 10 20
a) 0 b) −1 c) 1 d) 10

| |
122. f ( x ) +f (−x) 0 x4
If ∆ ( x )= 3 f ( x )−f (−x) cos x (where f (x) is a real valued function of x ¿ , then the
4
x 2x f ( x ) f (−x )
2
value of ∫ x ∆ (x)
4

−2
a) Depends upon the function f (x) b) is 4

c) is −4 d) is zero

| |
123. cos ⁡(x−a) cos ⁡(x +a) cos x
The value of sin (x+ a) sin ⁡( x−a) sin x is equal
cos a tan x cos a cot x cosec 2 x
a) 1 b) sin a cos a c) 0 d) sin x cos x

124. The roots of the equation

| |
2 2 2 2 2
3x x + x cos θ+ cos θ x + x sin θ+ sin θ
2 2 2 sin 2 θ
x + x cos θ+cos θ 3 cos θ 1+
2 =0
2 2 sin 2θ 2
x + x sin θ+sin θ 1+ 3 sin θ
2
a) sin θ , cos θ b) 2 2 c) 2 d) 2
sin θ , cos θ sin θ , cos θ sin θ , cos θ
125. If A is a square matrix of order n such that its elements are polynomial in x and its r -rows become
identical for x=k , then
a) r
is a factor of ¿ A∨¿
( x−k )
b)
( x−k )r−1 is a factor of ¿ A∨¿
c)
( x−k )r+ 1 is a factor ¿ A∨¿
d)
( x−k )r is a factor of A

| |
126. x 2 + x 3 x−1 −x +3
If 2 x+ 1 2+ x 2 x 3−3
2
x−3 x +4 3x
2 7
¿ a 0+ a1 x + a2 x + ¿. …+ a7 x , ¿
The value of a 0is
a) 25 b) 24 c) 23 d) 21

P a g e | 15
 | |
127. A
a cot λ
2
B
If b cot μ =0 where , a , b , c A , B∧C are elements of a ∆ ABC with usual meaning. Then, the value
2
C
c cot γ
2
of a ( μ−γ )+ b ( γ −λ )+ c (λ−μ) is
a) 0 b) abc c) ab+ bc+ ca d) 2 abc

| |
128. bc ca ab
The value of the determinant p q r , where a , b , c are the pth ,q th and r th terms of a H.P., is
1 1 1
a) p+q +r b) (a+ b+c ) c) 1 d) None of these

| |
129. x+ 2 x +3 x +a
If a , b . c are in AP, then the value of x +4 x+5 x +b is
x+6 x +7 x +c
a) x−(a+b +c) b) 2 c) a+ b+c d) 0
9 x + a+b+ c
130. For the values of A , B ,C∧P , Q , R the value of

| |
cos ( A−P) cos (A−Q) cos( A−R)
cos ( B−P) cos(B−Q) cos (B−R) is
cos(C−P) cos (C−Q) cos (C−R)
a) 0 b) cos A cos B cos C c) sin A sin Bsin C d) cos P cos Q cos R

| |
131. x
n
sin x cos x
n
nπ nπ d
If ∆ ( x )= n ! sin cos , then the value of n
[ ∆ ( x ) ] at x=0 is
2 2 dx
2 3
a a a
a) −1 b) 0 c) 1 d) Dependent of a

| |
132. 1 log x y log x z
For positive numbers x , y ∧z ,the numerical value of the determinant log y x 1 log y z is
log z x log z y 1
a) 0 b) 1 c) log xy z d) None of these
e

| |
133. 15 ! 16 ! 17 !
The value of the determinant 16 ! 17 ! 18 ! is equal to
17 ! 18 ! 19 !
a) 15 !+16 ! b) 2 ( 15! ) ( 16! ) (17 !) c) 15 !+16 !+ 17 ! d) 16 !+17 !

| |
134. 345x
456 y ,
If Δ= then Δ equals
567 z
xyz0
a)
( y−2 z +3 x )2
b)
( x−2 y + z )2

P a g e | 16
 c)
( x + y + z )2
d) 2 2 2
x + y + z −xy − yz−zx
135. If the system of equations 2 x+3 y +5=0 , x+ ky +5=0 , kx−12 y−14=0 be consistent, then value of k is

a) −2 , 12 b) −1 , 1 c) −6 , 17 d) 6 ,− 12
5 5 5 5

| |
136. b +c2 2
ab ac
2 2 2 2 2
If ab c +a bc =k a b c , then k is equal to
2 2
ca cb a +b
a) 3 b) 2 c) 4 d) None of these

137. The repeated factor of the determinant

| |
y+z x y
z+x z x , is
x+ y y z
a) z−x b) x− y c) y−z d) None of these

| |
138. 4+ x 2 −6 −2
2
The determinant −6 9+ x 3 is not divisible by
2
−2 3 1+ x
a) x b) 3 c) 2 d) 5
x 14+ x x

| |
139. 0 x 2−a x 3−b
If a , b , c are different, then the value of x satisfying x2 +a 0
2
x + c =0 is
4
x + a x−c 0
a) a b) b c) c d) 0

| |
140. b 2+ c 2 a2 a2
Determinant b 2 2
c +a
2
b
2
is equal to
2 2 2 2
c c a +b
a) abc b) 4 abc c) 2 2 2 d) 2 2 2
4a b c a b c

| |
141. p b c
If a ≠ p , b ≠ q , c ≠ r and p+ a q +b 2 c =0 , then
a b r
p q r
+ + is equal to
p−a q−b r−c
a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 3

| |
142. a+b+2 c a b
c 2 a+ b+c b is equal to
c a a+2 b+ c
a) b) 2
( a+ b+c )2 ( a+ b+c )2
c) d)
( a+ b+c )3 2 ( a+b +c )
3

143. If [ ] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to the real number under consideration and

P a g e | 17
 | |
[ x ]+ 1 [ y] [z ]
−1 ≤ x <0 ; 0 ≤ y <1 ;1 ≤ z< 2 , then the value of the determinant [ x] [ y ] + 1 [z ] is
[ x] [ y ] [ z ] +1
a) [ x] b) [ y] c) [ z] d) None of these

144. The values of x for which the given matrix

[ ]
−x x 2
2 x − x will be non-singular, are
x −2 − x
a) −2 ≤ x ≤ 2 b) For all x other then 2 and −2

c) x ≥ 2 d) x ≤−2

145. If all the elements in a square matrix A of order 3 are equal to 1 or −1 , then | A| , is

a) An odd number b) An even number c) An imaginary number d) A real number

146. Let a , b , c be such that (b+ c)≠ 0 and

| |
a a +1 a−1
−b b +1 b−1
c c−1 c+1

| |
1
a+1 b+1 c−1
+ a−1 b−1 c +1 =0
(−1 ) a (−1 ) b (−1 )n c
n+2 n+1

Then the value of n is

a) Zero b) Any even integer c) Any odd integer d) Any integer

| |
147. 1/ a a 2 bc
Determinant 1/b b 2 ca is equal to
2
1/c c ab
a) abc b) 1 c) ab+ bc+ ca d) 0
abc

| |
148. x −6 −1
One root of the equation 2 −3 x x−3 =0 is
−3 2 x x +2
a) 0 b) 1 c) −1 d) 3

| |
149. a2 b2 c2
2 2 2
The value of ( a+1 ) ( b+1 ) ( c +1 ) is
2 2 2
( a−1 ) ( b−1 ) ( c−1 )

| | | | | |
a
2 2
b
2
c a
2 2
b
2
c a
2 2
b c
2 d) None of these
a) 4 b) 3 c) 2
a b c a b c a b c
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
150. The value of the determinant

P a g e | 18
 | |
3 3 3 3 3 3
1−a1 b 1 1−a1 b2 1−a 1 b 3
1−a1 b 1 1−a1 b2 1−a 1 b 3
3 3 3 3 3 3
1−a2 b 1 1−a2 b2 1−a 2 b 3
∆= , is
1−a2 b 1 1−a2 b2 1−a 2 b 3
1−a33 b 31 1−a33 b32 1−a 33 b 33
1−a3 b1 1−a3 b2 1−a 3 b 3
a) 0

b) Dependent only on a , a , a
1 2 3

c) Dependent only on b , b , b
1 2 3

d) Dependent on a , a , a b , b , b
1 2 3 1 2 3

151.
If A= [ 3 5]
1 2 , thenthe value of the determinant | A 2009−5 A2008|
is

a) −6 b) −5 c) −4 d) 4

| |
152. x−3 2 x 2−18 3 x 3−81
If f ( x )= x−5 2 x 2−50 4 x 3−500 ,then
1 2 3
f ( 1 ) . f ( 3 ) + f ( 3 ) . f ( 5 )+ f ( 5 ) . f (1) is equal to
a) f (1) b) f (3) c) f ( 1 ) + f (3) d) f ( 1 ) + f (5)

| |
153. x a b+c
The value of the determinant x b c+ a =0 , if
x c a+b
a) x=a b) x=b c) x=c d) x has any value

154. If the system of equations x +ky−z =0 , 3 x−ky−z=0∧x−3 y + z=0 has non-zero solution then k is
equal to
a) −1 b) 0 c) 1 d) 2

| |
155. x x 2 1+ x3
2 3
If y y 1+ y =0and x , y , z are all distinct, then xyz is equal to
2 3
z z 1+ z
a) −1 b) 1 c) 0 d) 3

156. Let [ x] represent the greatest integer less than or equal to x , then the value of the determinant

| |
[e ] [π] [ π 2−6 ]
[π ] [π 2−6] [e] is
2
[π −6] [e ] [π ]
a) −8 b) 8 c) 10 d) None of these

| |
157. a b ax +b
The determinant ∆= b c bx +c is equal to zero, if
ax+ b bx+ c 0
a) a , b , c , are in A.P.

P a g e | 19
 b) a , b , c , are in G.P.

c) a , b , c , are in H.P.

d) α is a root of 2
a x +bx +c=0
158. Consider the following statements :

| | | |
1 a bc 1 a a2
1. The determinants 1 b ca and 1 b b2 are not identically equal.
1 c ab 1 c c
2

| |
a b c
2. For a> 0 , b>0 , c >0 the value of the determinant b c a is always positive.
c a b

| || |
x1 y1 1 a1 b1 1
3.If x 2 y 2 1 = a2 b2 1 , then the two triangles with vertices ( x 1 , y 1 ) , ( x 2 , y 2 ) ,(x 3 , y 3 ) and
x3 y 3 1 a3 b3 1
( a 1 , b 1) , ( a 2 , b 2) ,( b3 , b3 ) must be congruent. Which of the statement given above is/are correct?
a) Only (1) b) Only (2) c) Only (3) d) None of these

159. The arbitrary constant on which the value of the

|
1 a a2
Determinant cos ( p−d ) a cos pa cos ( p−d ) a
sin ( p−d ) a sin pa sin ( p−d ) a
Does not depend, is
|
a) α b) p c) d d) a

| |
160. a+ x a−x a−x
If a−x a+ x a−x =0 ,then x is equal to
a−x a−x a+ x
a) 0 , 2 a b) a , 2 a c) 0 , 3 a d) None of these

161. If the equations 2 x+3 y +1=0 , 3 x + y−2=0 and ax +2 y−b=0 are consistent, then

a) a−b=2 b) a+ b+1=0 c) a+ b=3 d) a−b−8=0

| |
162. 1 cos x 1−cos x π /2
If ∆ ( x )= 1+sin x cos x 1+ sin x−cos x , then ∫ ∆ ( x ) dx is equal to
sin x sin x 1 0

a) 1 b) 1 c) 0 d) −1
4 2 2
163. If the system of equations
x +a y +a z=0
b x + y +b z=0
c x+ c y + z=0
a b c
Where a , b and c are non-zero non-unity, has a non-trivial solution, then the value of + +
1−a 1−b 1−c
is
a) 0 b) 1 c) −1 d) abc
2 2 2
a +b + c
164. The system of equations 3 x−2 y + z=0 , λx−14 y +15 z=0 , x +2 y−3 z=0 has a solution other than

P a g e | 20
 x= y =z=0 then λ is equal to

a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 5

| |
165. 2r−1 2.3r −1 4.5r −1 n
D
Let r = α β γ . Then, the value of ∑ D r is
n n n r=1
2 −1 3 −1 5 −1
a) α β γ b) n n n c) 2 α + 3 β + 4 γ d) None of these
2 α + 2 β +4 γ
166.
In the interval [ −π π
]
, , the number of real solutions of
4 4

| |
sin x cos x cos x
the equations cos x sin x cos x =0is
cos x cos x sin x
a) 0 b) 2 c) 1 d) 3

167. If A , B and C are the angles of a triangle and

| |
1 1 1
1+sin A 1+sin B 1+ sin C =0 then the triangle ABC is
2 2 2
sin A+ sin A sin B+sin B sin C+ sin C
a) Isosceles b) Equilateral c) Right angled isosceles d) None of these

| | | |
168. a b c q −b y
If A= x y z and B= − p a −x , then
p q r r −c z
a) A=2 B b) A=B c) A=−B d) None of these

| |
169. a 2b 4c
If a=1+2+4 +…to n terms, b=1+3+9+ …to n terms and c=1+5+ 25+… to n terms, then 2 2 2
n n n
2 3 5
equals
a) n b) c) 0 d)
( 30 ) ( 10 )n n n
2 +3 +5
n

170. If c=2 cos θ ,then the value of the determinant

| |
c10
∆= 1c 1 is
61c
a) sin 4 θ b) 2sin 2 θ
2
c) 2
d) None of these
4 cos θ ¿ ¿
sin θ sin θ

| |
171. 1 2 3 2 2 2

The value of ∆= 2 2 32 42 , is
2 2 2
3 4 5
a) 8 b) −8 c) 400 d) 1

| |
172. x a b
The factors of a x b are
a b x
a) x−a , x−b , and x +a+b

b) x +a , x+ b and x +a+b

P a g e | 21
 c) x +a , x+ b and x−a−b

d) x−a , x−b and x−a−b

173. Coefficient of x in

| |
x ( 1+sin x )2 cos x
f ( x )= 1 log ( 1+ x ) 2 , is
2 2
x ( 1+ x ) 0
a) 0

b) 1

c) −2

d) Cannot be determined

| |
174. a 2b 2c
If a ≠ b , b , c satisfy 3 b c =0 , then abc=¿
4 a b
a) a+ b+c b) 0 c) 3 d) ab+ bc
b
175. Which one of the following is correct?
If A non-singular matrix, then
a) −1 b) det −1 1 c) det ( −1 ) d) None of these
det ( A ) =det ( A) ( A )= A =1
det (A )

| |
176. a b 0
If 0 a b =0 , then
b 0 a
a) a is one of the cube roots of unity b) b is one of the cube roots of unity

(b)
c) a is one of the cube roots of unity
(b)
d) a is one of the cube roots of −1

| || |
177. b+c c +a a+ b a b c
If a+b b+ c c+ a =k c a b , then the value of k , is
c+ a a+b b+c d c a
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

| |
178. a1 1
If the value of the determinant 1 b 1 is positive, then
11c
a) abc >1 b) abc >−8 c) abc ←8 d) abc >−2

179. The value of the determinant

| |
cos α −sin α 1
sin α cos α 1 is
cos ( α + β ) −sin ( α + β ) 1
a) Independent of α b) Independent of β

c) Independent of α and β d) None of these

180. If B is a non-singular matrix and A is a square matrix such that B−1 AB exists, then det ( B−1 AB) is equal
to

P a g e | 22
 a) −1 b) −1 c) det ⁡( B) d) det ⁡( A)
det ⁡( A ) det ⁡( B )

[ ]
181. 0 1 −2
If matrix −1 0 3 is singular, then λ is equal to
λ −3 0
a) −2 b) −1 c) 1 d) 2

182. If x , y , z are in AP, then the value of the det A is, where

| |
456 x
A= 5 6 7 y
678 z
x yz0
a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) None of these

| |
183. 1 n n n

If ∆ r= 2 r n +n ∧∑ ∆r =56 , thenn equals

2 2
n + n+1
2 2 r=1
2r −1 n n + n+1
a) 4 b) 6 c) 7 d) 8

| |
184. 1 a a2−bc
2
1 b b −ac is equal to
2
1 c c −ab
a) 0 b) 3 3 3
a + b +c −3 abc
c) 3 abc d)
( a+ b+c )3
185.
If the matrix M r is given by M r= [ r−1r r−1
r ]
r =1, 2 , 3... , then the value of det

( M 1 ) +det ( M 2 )+ ...+ det ⁡(M 2008 ¿ )¿ is

a) 2007 b) 2008 c) d)
( 2008 )2 ( 2007 )2

| |
186. 1 ω ω2
If ω is the cube root of unity, then ω ω 2 1 is equal to
2
ω 1 ω
a) 1 b) 0 c) ω d) 2
ω
187. If 1 , ω , ω2are the cube roots of unity, then

| |
1 ωn ω2 n
∆= ω n ω 2 n 1 is equal to
2n n
ω 1 ω
a) 0 b) 1 c) ω d) 2
ω
188. The value of the following determinant is

| |
1 1 1
∆= a b c
3 3 3
a b c
a) (a−b)(b−c )(c−a)(a+b+ c) b) abc ( a+b ) ( b+c ) (c +a)

c) ( a−b )( b−c ) (c −a) d) None of the above

P a g e | 23
 | |
189. b +c a a
The value of b c + a b , is
c c a+ b
a) 6 abc b) a+ b+c c) 4 abc d) abc

| | |
190. log 5 729 log 3 5 log 3 5 log 27 5
The value of is equal to
log 5 27 log 9 25 log 5 9 log 5 9
a) 1 b) 6 c) log 9 d) log 5. log 81
5 3 5

| |
191. a−x c b
If a+ b+c=0, then the solution of the equation c b−x a =0 is
b a c−x
a) 0 b) ± 3 (a2+ b2 +c 2 )
2
c)
0,±
√ 3 2 2 2
2
(a +b + c ) d)
0 , ± √ (a2 +b 2+ c 2)

| |
192. 1+ a 1 1
1 1 1
If a , b and c are all different from zero and ∆= 1 1+b 1 =0 , then the value of + + is
a b c
1 1 1+c
a) abc b) 1 c) −a−b−c d) −1
abc
193. If (ω ≠ 1) is a cubic root of unity, then

| 1
1−i
1+ i+ ω2
−1
−i −1+ω−i −1
a) zero
ω2
2
ω −1
| b) 1 c) i d) ω

| |
194. N n 1 5
The value of ∑ U n if U n = n 2 N +1 2 N +1 , is
2

n =1 3 2
n 3N 3N
a) 0 b) 1 c) −1 d) None of these

195. The integer represented by the determinant

[ ]
215 342 511
6 7 8 is exactly divisible by
36 49 54
a) 146 b) 21 c) 20 d) 335

196. If A is a 3 ×3 non-singular matrix, then det ( A−1 adj A ) is equal to

a) det A b) 1 c) d)
( det A )2 ( det A )−1

| |
197. 1 sin θ 1
Let A= −sinθ 1 sin θ ,where 0 ≤ θ ≤2 π , then the range of o¿ A∨¿ is
−1 −sinθ 1
a) (2, 4) b) [2, 4] c) [2, 4) d) All of these

198. In a third order determinant, each element of the first column consists of sum of two terms, each element
of the second column consists of sum of three terms and each element of the third column consists of sum
of four terms. Then, it can be decomposed into n determinant, where n has the value

P a g e | 24
 a) 1 b) 9 c) 16 d) 24

199. If a 1 , a2. ….. , a n , … .. ,are in GP, then the determinant

| |
log a n log an+1 log a n+2
∆= log an+ 3 log a n+4 log a n+5 is equal to
log an+6 log a n+7 log a n+8
a) 2 b) 4 c) 0 d) 1

| |
200. 1 ω −ω /2
2

If ω be a complex cube root of unity, then 1 1 1 is equal to

1 −1 0
a) 0 b) 1 c) ω d) 2
ω

| |
201. log e log e 2 log e3
2 3 4
log e log e log e is equal to
3 4 5
log e log e log e
a) 0 b) 1 c) 4 log e d) 5 log e

| |
202. √13+ √3 2 √5 √5
The value of the determinant, √15+ √ 26 5 √10 is
3+ √ 65 √15 5
a) 5( 6−5) b) 5 3( 6−5) c) d) 2( 7− 5)
√ √ √ √ 5(√ 6−√3) √ √ √

| | | |
203. 10 4 3 4 x +5 3
If ∆ 1= 17 7 4 , ∆2= 7 x +12 4 such that ∆ 1+ ∆2=0 , is
4 −5 7 −5 x−1 7
a) x=5 b) x=0 c) x has no real value d) None of these

| |
204. 1+ x 1 y 1 1+ x 1 y 2 1+ x 1 y 3
Let ∆= 1+ x 2 y 1 1+ x 2 y 2 1+ x 2 y 3 , then value of ∆ is
1+ x 3 y 1 1+ x 3 y 2 1+ x 3 y 3
a) x x x + y y y b) x1 x2 x3 y1 y2 y3
1 2 3 1 2 3

c) x x y y + x y y y + x x y y d) 0
2 3 2 3 3 1 3 1 1 2 1 2

| |
205. a a+ d a+ 2 d
If a
2
( a+d ) ( a+2 d )2 =0 , then
2

2 a+ 3 d 2 ( a+d ) 2 a+ d
a) d=0 b) a+ d=0 c) d=0 or a+ d=0 d) None of these

| |
206. b 2−ab b−c bc−ac
Determinant ab−a2 a−b b2−ab is equal to
2
bc−ac c−a ab−a
a) abc (a+b+ c) b) 2 2 2 c) 0 d) None of these
3a b c
207. If the system of equations
bx +ay =c ,cx + az=b , cy +bz=a
has a unique solution, then
a) abc=1 b) abc=−2 c) abc=0 d) None of these

P a g e | 25
 | |
208. x +1 ω ω2
2
If ω is a cube root of unity, then ω x +ω 1 , is equal to
2
ω 1 x +ω
a) 3 b) 3 c) 3 2 d) 3
x +1 x +ω x +ω x
209. If A and B are two matrices such that A+ B and AB are both defined, then

a) A and B are two matrices not necessarily of same order

b) A and B are square matrices of same order

c) Number of columns of A=¿ Number of rows of B

d) None of these

| |
210. x 1+sin x cos x
The coefficient of x in f ( x ) = 1 log (1+ x ) 2 , −1< x ≤1, is
2 2
x 1+ x 0
a) 1 b) −2 c) −1 d) 0

| |
211. a a2−bc 1
The value of b b2−ca 1 , is
2
c c −ab 1
a) 1 b) −1 c) 0 d) −abc

| |
212. 1 ω3 ω 5
The value of the determinant ω 3 1 ω 4 , where ω is an imaginary cube root of unity, is
5 4
ω ω 1
a) b) 3 c) −3 d) None of these
( 1−ω )2
213. Let a , b , c ,be positive and not all equal, the value of the

| |
abc
Determinant b c a is
cab
a) Positive b) Negative c) Zero d) None of these

| |
214. −12 0 λ
If 0 2 −1 =−360 , then the value of λ , is
2 1 15
a) −1 b) −2 c) −3 d) 4

| |
215. a a 2 1+a3
If b b 2 1+b3 0 and vectors ( 1 , a , a2 ) ,(1 , b , b2 )and (1 , c , c 2 )are non-coplanar, then the productabc
2 3
c c 1+c
equals
a) 2 b) −1 c) 1 d) 0

216. ω is an imaginary cube root of unity and

P a g e | 26
 | |
x +ω 2 ω 1
2
ω ω 1+ x =0 , then one of the value of x is
2
1 x+ ω ω
a) 1 b) 0 c) −1 d) 2

217. if x , y , z are in A.P., then the value of the det ( A) is, where

[ ]
456 x
A= 5 6 7 y
678 z
x y z0
a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) None of these

| |
218. 2 2
( eiα + e−iα ) ( e iα−e−iα ) 4
2 2
If α , β , γ ∈ R , then the determinant ∆= ( e iβ + e−iβ ) ( e iβ −e−iβ ) 4 is
2 2
( eiγ + e−iγ ) ( e iγ−e−iγ ) 4
a) Independent of α , β∧γ b) Dependent of α , β∧γ

c) Independent of α , β only d) Independent of α , β only

219. If a> 0 , b>0 , c >0 are respectively the pth ,q th , r th terms of a GP, then the value of the determinant

| |
log a p 1
log b q 1 , is
log c r 1
a) 1 b) 0 c) −1 d) None of these

220. The sum of the products of the elements of any row of a determinant A with the cofactors of the
corresponding elements is equal to
a) 1 b) 0 c) d) 1
| A| | A|
2
221. If a , b , c , d ,e and f are in GP, then the value of

| |
a2 d 2 x
2 2
b e y
2 2
c f z
a) Depends on x and y b) Depends on x and z

c) Depends on y and z d) independents on x , y and z

| |
222. 1 log x y log x z
The value of log y x 1 log y z is equal to
log z x log z y 1
a) 0 b) 1 c) xyz d) log xyz

| |
223. 1 1 1
The value of the determinant 1 1−x 1 is equal to
1 1 1+ y
a) 3−x+ y b) ( 1−x ) (1+ y ) c) xy d) −xy

P a g e | 27
 | |
224. x y z
If −x y z =kxyz , then k is equal to
x −y z
a) 1 b) 3 c) 4 d) 2

| |
225. 2 x+ 1 4 8
If x=−5 is a root of 2 2 x 2 =0, then the other roots are
7 6 2x
a) 3, 3, 5 b) 1, 3, 5 c) 1, 7 d) 2, 7

226. Let a , b , c be positive real numbers. The following system of equations in x , y and z
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
x y z x y z x y z
2
+ 2 − 2 =1, 2 − 2 + 2 =1 ,− 2 + 2 + 2 =1 has
a b c a b c a b c
a) No solution

b) Unique solution

c) Infinitely many solutions

d) Finitely many solutions

| |
227. 1+sin 2 θ sin2 θ sin 2 θ
cos θ =0 ,then sin 4θ equals to
2 2 2
cos θ 1+cos θ
4 sin 4 θ 4 sin 4 θ 1+ 4 sin 4 θ
a) 1/2 b) 1 c) −1/2 d) −1

| |
228. a a 2 a3 +1
If a , b , c are unequal what is the condition that the value of the determinant, Δ ≡ b b 2 b3 +1 is 0?
2 3
c c c +1
a) 1+abc=0 b) a+ b+c +1=0

c) ( a−b )( b−c ) ( c−a )=0 d) None of these

229. If α + β+ γ =π , then the value of the determinant

| |
e2 i α e−i γ e−i β
−iγ 2i β −i α
e e e , is
−iβ −i α 2iγ
e e e
a) 4 b) −4 c) 0 d) None of these

230. a b m
If x y =e , x y =e , ∆ 1=
c d n
|mn bd|, ∆ =|ac mn|
2 and ∆ 3= |ac db| , then the values of x and y are respectively

a) ∆1 and ∆2 b) ∆2 and ∆3
∆3 ∆3 ∆1 ∆1
c) log ¿ ) and log ∆ 2
( ) ∆3
d)
e
∆1 /∆ 3
and e ∆ / ∆
2 3

231. If a ≠ b ≠ c , then the value of x satisfying the equation

| |
2
0 x −a a−b
x +a 0 x−c =0 is
x +b x−c 0

P a g e | 28
 a) a b) b c) c d) 0

| |
232. 10 ! 11! 12!
The value of the determinant 11! 12 ! 13! is
12 ! 13 ! 14 !
a) 2(10 ! 11!) b) 2(10 ! 13 !) c) 2(10 ! 11! 12 !) d) 2(11! 12 ! 13! )

| |
233. sin x cos x cos x
π π
The number of distinct real root of cos x sin x cos x =0 in the interval – ≤ x ≤ is
4 4
cos x cos x sin x
a) 0 b) 2 c) 1 d) 3

| |
234. 2 2
( ax +a− x ) ( a x −a−x ) 1
2 2
The value of determinant ( bx +b−x ) ( b x −b−x ) 1 is
2 2
( c x +c −x ) ( c x −c− x ) 1
a) 0 b) 2 abc c) 2 2 2 d) None of these
a b c

[ ]
235. λ 1 0
The matrix 0 2 3 is non- singular
0 0 λ
a) For all real values of λ b) Only when λ=± 1 c) Only when λ ≠ 0 d) Only when λ=0
√2

| || |
236. a2 b2 c2 2 2 2
2 2 2
a b c
If ( a+1 ) ( b+1 ) ( c +1 ) =k a b c ,
2 2 2
( a−1 ) ( b−1 ) ( c−1 ) 111
Then the value of k is
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

| |
237. f (x) g(x) h(x)
If f ( x ) , g ( x )∧h(x) are three polynomials of degree 2 and Δ ( x ) = f ' ( x ) g ' ( x ) h' ( x) , then Δ (x) is
f ' ' ( x ) g ' ' ( x ) h' ' (x)
polynomial of degree
a) 2 b) 3 c) At most 2 d) At most 3

| |
238. x+ y y + z z+ x
The value of x y z is equal ¿
x− y y−z z −x
a) 2 b) 3 c) d) 0
2 ( x+ y+ z ) 2 ( x+ y+ z ) ( x + y + z )3

| |
239. 1+ a 1+ ax 1+a x 2
If f ( x )= 1+b 1+bx 1+ bx 2 ,where a , b , c are non-zero constants, then value of f (10)is
2
1+c 1+cx 1+cx
a) 10 ( b−a ) (c−a) b) 100 ( b−a ) ( c−b ) (a−c )

c) 100 abc d) 0

| |
240. x −14 x
3 2
−x 3 x + λ
4 3 2
The value of λ , if a x + b x +c x +50 x +d= 4 x+1 3 x x−4 , is
−3 4 0

P a g e | 29
 a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 3

| |
241. x 2+ x x+ 1 x−2
2
If 2 x + 3 x−1 3x 3 x−3 = Ax−12 , then the value of A is
2
x +2 x +3 2 x−1 2 x−1
a) 12 b) 23 c) −12 d) 24

| |
242. x +α β γ
The value of x obtained from the equation γ x+β α =0 will be
α β x +γ
a) 0 and – (α + β+ γ ) b) 0 and (α + β+ γ )

c) 1 and (α−β−γ ) d) 0 and 2 2 2

(α + β + γ )

| |
243. 1+ax 1+bx 1+ cx
2 3
1+ a1 x 1+ b1 x 1+ c 1 x = A 0+ A 1 x + A2 x + A 3 x , then A1 is equal to
1+ a2 x 1+ b2 x 1+ c 2 x
a) abc b) 0 c) 1 d) None of these

244. From the matrix equation AB= AC we can conclude B=C provided that

a) A is singular b) A is non-singular c) A is symmetric d) A is square

245. If a ≠ b , then the system of equation

ax +by +bz =0
bx +ay +bz =0
bx +by +az =0
Will have a non-trivial solution, is
a) a+ b=0 b) a+ 2b=0 c) 2 a+b=0 d) a+ 4 b=0

246. If ω is an imaginary cube root of unity, then the value of

| |
a b ω 2 aω
2
bω c b ω , is
2
c ω aω c
a) 3 3 3 b) 2 2 c) 0 d) 3 3 3
a + b +c a b−b c a + b +c −3 abc

| |
247. a+b a+2 b a+ 3 b
The value of determinant a+2 b a+3 b a+ 4 b is
a+4 b a+5 b a+ 6 b
a) 2 2 2 b) 3 ab c) 3 a+5 b d) 0
a + b +c −3 abc

| |
248. y+z x x
The value of the determinant y z+x y is equal to
z z x+ y
a) 6 xyz b) xyz c) 4 xyz d) xy + yz + zx

| |
249. x b b
If ∆ 1= ax b and ∆ 2=
a a x
x b
a x | |
, then

a) ∆ =3 ∆ 2 b) d ∆ =3 ∆ c) d ∆ =3 ∆2 d) ∆ =3 ∆ 3/ 2
1 ( 2) ( )
dx 1 2 ( 1)
dx 2 1 ( 2)

P a g e | 30
250. For positive numbers x , y , z (other than unity) the numerical value of the determinant

| |
1 log x y log x z
log y x 3 log y z , is
log z x log z y 5
a) 0 b) log x log y log z c) 1 d) 8

| |
251. 1990 1991 1992
The value of 1991 1992 1993 is
1992 1993 1994
a) 1992 b) 1993 c) 1994 d) 0

| |
252. a+ x
a−x a−x
If a−x a+ x a−x =0 , then x is equal to
a−x a−x a+ x
a) 0 , 2 a b) a , 2 a c) 0 , 3 a d) None of these

| |
253. b c b α +c
The determinant ∆= c d c α +d is equal to zero, if
3
b α + c c α +d a α −c α
a) b , c , d are in A.P.

b) b , c , d are in G.P.

c) b , c , d are in H.P.

d) α is a root of 3 2
a x +b x −cx−d=0

| | | |
254. a1 b 1 c 1 b 2 c 3−b3 c 2 c 2 a3−c 3 a2 a2 b3−c 3 b 2
If a2 b 2 c 2 =5 , then the value of b 3 c1−b1 c3 c 3 a1−c 1 a3 a3 b1−a1 b 3 is
a3 b 3 c 3 b1 c2−b2 c 1 c 1 a2−c 2 a1 a1 b2−a2 b 1
a) 5 b) 25 c) 125 d) 0

| |
255. a2 + x 2 ab ac
2 2
The determinant ∆= ab b +x bc is divisible by
2 2
ac bc c +x
a) 5 b) 4 c) 4 d) 4
x x x +1 x −1

| |
256. a−1 n 6 n
4 n−2 , then ∑ ∆a is equal to
2 2
If ∆ a= ( a−1 ) 2 n
( a−1 )3 3 n3 3 n2−3 n a =1

a) 0 b) 1
{
c) n ( n+ 1 )
2 }{ a ( a+1 )
2 } d) None of these

257. Let the determinant of a 3 ×3 matrix A be 6, then B is a matrix defined by B=5 A2 . Then, determinant of
B is
a) 180 b) 100 c) 80 d) None of These

| |
258. x 1+sin x cos x
The coefficient of x in f ( x )= 1 log ⁡( 1+ x ) 2 ,−1< x ≤ 1 ,is
2 2
x 1+ x 0

P a g e | 31
 a) 1 b) −2 c) −1 d) 0

| |
259. 1 1 1
The value of bc ca ab is
b +c c + a a+ b
a) 1 b) 0 c) ( a−b )( b−c ) (c −a) d) (a+ b)(b+ c)(c +a)

| |
260. x +1 2 x + 3 x
3 4 2 5
3 x +4 x
A factor of ∆ ( x )= 2 5 7 is
3 14 19
a) x b) c) d) None of these
( x−1 )2 ( x +1 )2

| |
261. b2 +c 2 a2+ λ a 2+ λ
4 3 2
If p λ + q λ + q λ + sλ+t= b2 + λ c 2 +a 2 b 2+ λ is an identity in λ , where p , q , r , s , t are constants, then
2 2 2 2
c + λ c + λ a +b
the value of t is
a) 1 b) 2 c) 0 d) None of these

| |
262. 10 ! 11! 12!
The value of the determinant 11! 12 ! 13! is
12 ! 13 ! 14 !
a) 2(10 ! 11!) b) 2(10 ! 13 !) c) 2(10 ! 11! 12 !) d) 2(11! 12 ! 13 !)

263.
[ ]
i i ∞
ab
If Ai= i i and if |a|<1 ,|b|< 1,then ∑ det ⁡(A i )is equal to
ba i=1
2 2 2 2 2 2
a) a b b) a2−b2 c) a b d) a b
− + −
( 1−a ) ( 1−b )2
2
( 1−a )2(1−b2 ) ( 1−a ) ( 1−b )2
2
( 1+ a ) ( 1+ b )2
2

[ ]
264. 1 2 x
If 4 −1 7 is a singular matrix, then x is equal to
2 4 −6
a) 0 b) 1 c) −3 d) 3

| |
265. x p q
The value of p x q is
p q x
a) x ( x −p ) (x−q) b) ( x− p ) ( x−q ) (x+ p +q)

c) ( p−q ) ( x−q ) (x− p) d) pq ( x− p ) (x−q)

| |
266. 1 4 20
The roots of the equation 1 −2 5 =0 are
2
1 2x 5 x
a) −1 ,−2 b) −1 , 2 c) 1 ,−2 d) 1, 2

| |
267. 6 i−3 i 1
If 4 3 i−1 = x +iy , then
40 3 i
a) x=3 , y=1 b) x=1 , y=3 c) x=0 , y=3 d) x=0 , y=0

268. The determinant

P a g e | 32
 | |
cos ( α + β ) −sin ( α+ β ) cos 2 β
∆= sin α cos α sin β is independent of
−sin α sin α cos β
a) α b) β c) α and β d) Neither α nor β

| |
269. x +1 x +2 x+ a
x +2 x +3 x+ b =0 ,then a , b , c are
x +3 x+ 4 x +c
a) In GP b) In HP c) Equal d) In AP

| |
270. 1+ a 1 1
1 1 1
If 1+ + + =0 , then ∆= 1 1+b 1 is equal to
a c c
1 1 1+c
a) 0 b) abc c) −abc d) None of these

271. If a ≠ b ≠ c , the value of x which satisfies the equation

| |
0 x−a x−b
x +a 0 x−c =0 , is
x +b x +c 0
a) x=0 b) x=a c) x=b d) x=c

| |
272. n(n+ 1)
r 1 n
2
If D r =
2 r−1 4 n
2 ,then the value of ∑ D r is
r=0
r−1 n
2 5 2 −1
a) 0 b) 1 c) n ( n+1 ) (2 n+1) d) None of these
6

| |
273. 1 α α 2

If f ( α )= α α 2 1 , then f ( √
3
3) is equal to
2
α 1 α
a) 1 b) −4 c) 4 d) 2

| |
274. 2 a1 b1 a1 b2 +a 2 b1 a1 b3 +a 3 b 1
The value of the determinant ∆= a1 b2 +a2 b1 2 a2b2 a2 b3 +a 3 b 2 is
a1 b 3 +a3 b1 a3 b2 +a 2 b3 2 a3 b 3
a) 1 b) 2 a a a b b b c) 0 d) a a a b b b
1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3

[ ]
275. 3 2 4
If A= 1 2 1 and Aij are the cofactors of a ij, then
3 2 6
a 11 A 11 +a12 A +a13 A 13is equal to
a) 8 b) 6 c) 4 d) 0

| |
276. x−a x−b x−c
The equation x−b x−c x −a =0 , where a , b , c are different, is satisfied by
x −c x−a x −b
a) x=0 b) x=a c) x= 1 (a+b +c) d) a=a+ b+c
3

P a g e | 33
 | |
277. x p q
p x q =¿
q q x
a) (x + p)(x+ q)(x− p−q)

b) (x− p)(x−q )(x+ p+ q)

c) (x− p)(x−q )(x−p−q )

d) (x + p)(x+ q)(x+ p+ q)

| |
278. 1 1 1
If f ( x )= 2x (x−1) x , then f (50) is equal to
3 x ( x −1) (x−1)(x−2) x (x−1)
a) 0 b) 1 c) 100 d) −100

P a g e | 34
 4.DETERMINANTS

: ANSWER KEY :

1) b 2) a 3) b 4) b 141) c 142) d 143) c 144) b

5) c 6) b 7) c 8) c 145) b 146) c 147) d 148) b
9) b 10) a 11) b 12) d 149) a 150) d 151) a 152) b
13) d 14) d 15) b 16) a 153) d 154) c 155) a 156) a
17) c 18) a 19) b 20) c 157) b 158) d 159) b 160) c
21) c 22) c 23) b 24) a 161) a 162) d 163) c 164) d
25) b 26) b 27) c 28) d 165) d 166) c 167) a 168) c
29) d 30) a 31) c 32) b 169) c 170) d 171) b 172) a
33) d 34) a 35) c 36) a 173) c 174) c 175) b 176) d
37) a 38) a 39) b 40) c 177) b 178) b 179) a 180) d
41) d 42) b 43) b 44) d 181) d 182) a 183) c 184) a
45) d 46) a 47) b 48) c 185) c 186) b 187) a 188) a
49) d 50) a 51) c 52) b 189) c 190) d 191) c 192) d
53) c 54) b 55) c 56) a 193) a 194) a 195) c 196) a
57) d 58) d 59) d 60) c 197) d 198) d 199) c 200) a
61) b 62) c 63) d 64) a 201) a 202) b 203) a 204) d
65) c 66) a 67) b 68) b 205) c 206) c 207) c 208) d
69) b 70) c 71) c 72) b 209) b 210) b 211) c 212) b
73) b 74) a 75) b 76) a 213) b 214) c 215) b 216) b
77) d 78) a 79) a 80) b 217) a 218) a 219) b 220) c
81) c 82) c 83) b 84) b 221) d 222) a 223) d 224) c
85) a 86) a 87) b 88) a 225) b 226) b 227) c 228) a
89) d 90) a 91) c 92) b 229) b 230) d 231) d 232) c
93) c 94) d 95) a 96) c 233) c 234) a 235) c 236) d
97) b 98) a 99) b 100) b 237) c 238) d 239) d 240) c
101) a 102) b 103) a 104) a 241) d 242) a 243) b 244) b
105) b 106) b 107) b 108) d 245) b 246) c 247) d 248) c
109) a 110) d 111) d 112) b 249) b 250) d 251) d 252) c
113) a 114) a 115) b 116) a 253) b 254) b 255) b 256) a
117) d 118) d 119) d 120) a 257) d 258) b 259) c 260) b
121) c 122) d 123) c 124) a 261) d 262) c 263) b 264) c
125) a 126) d 127) a 128) d 265) b 266) b 267) d 268) a
129) d 130) a 131) b 132) a 269) d 270) a 271) a 272) a
133) b 134) b 135) c 136) c 273) b 274) c 275) a 276) c
137) a 138) d 139) d 140) c 277) b 278) a

P a g e | 35
 4.DETERMINANTS

: HINTS AND SOLUTIONS :

2 (a) 6 (b)

| | |−28 39|=−42
x 2 −1
Minor of (−4 ¿=
Given 2 5 x =0
−1 2 x
Minor of 9= |−4
−1 −2
−5|
=−3

| |
x 2 −1
(−4 )= (−1 ) .|−2 3|=42
⇒ 2 5 x =0 [R 3 → R3−R 2] 2+1
Cofactor of
−3 −3 0 8 9

9=(−1 ) .|
−4 −5|
⇒−1 (−6+15 ) −x [ −3 x+ 6 ] =0 −1 −2
3+3
2
and cofactor of =−3
⇒ x −2 x−3=0
⇒ x=3 ,−1
7 (c)
3 (b) Given, α , β and γ are the cube roots of unity, then

| || |
441 442 443 441 11 assume
445 446 447 = 445 11 α =1 , β=ωandγ =ω2 .

| |
449 450 451 449 11 e α e 2 α (e3 α −1)
C 2 → C2−C 1 ∴ e β e 2 β (e3 β−1)
C 3 → C3 −C2 γ
e e
2γ 3γ
(e −1)
=0 [∵ two columns are identical]

| || |
e α e2 α e 3 α e α e2 α −1
4 (b) ¿ e β e2 β e 3 β + e β e2 β −1

| |
γ 2γ 3γ γ 2γ
1α α2 e e e e e −1

| || |
Given, f ( α )= α a2 1
2
1 eα e2 α 1 e α e2 α
α 1α ¿ e α e β e γ 1 e β e2 β − 1 e β e2 β
¿ 1 ( α 3−1 )−α ( α 2−α 2 ) +α 2(α −α 4 ) γ
1 e e
2γ γ
1 e e
2γ

| |
3 3 6
¿ α −1−0+α −α 1 e α e 2α
⇒f ¿ ¿ 1 e β e 2 β [e α e β e γ −1¿=0
¿ 6−10=−4 γ 2γ
1 e e
2
5 (c) (∵ e α e β e γ =e 1+ ω+ω =e 0=1 ¿
Let the first term and common difference of an AP
are A and D respectively. 8 (c)
∴ a= A + ( p−1 ) D , b= A+ ( q−1 ) D , Applying C 1 → C1 +C 2+C 3 , we obtain

| |
and c= A + ( r−1 ) D 1 −6 3

| || |
−x 1 3−x 3 =0
a p 1 A + ( p−1 ) D p 1
1 3 −6−x
Now, b q 1 = A+ ( q−1 ) D q 1

| |
c r 1 A+ ( r −1 ) D r 1 1 −6 3
⇒−x 0 9−x 0 =0
Applying C 1 → C1−D C 2+ DC 3 0 9 −9−x

| || |
A p 1 1 p 1
¿ A
A
q 1 = A 1 q 1 =0 ¿ two columns are
r 1 1 r 1
[ Applying R2 → R2 −R1 ,
R3 → R 3−R1 ]
identical) ⇒−x ( 9−x ) (−9−x ) =0 ⇒ x=0 , 9 ,−9

9 (b)
P a g e | 36
 | |
a b− y c−z

| ||
log 3 512 log 4 3 log 2 3
×
log 3 8 log 4 9 log 3 4 |
log 8 3
log 3 4
a−x b
a−x b− y
c−z =0
c

| |
¿¿ a b− y c−z
⇒
log 3 log 4 log 3 − xlog 4 y 0 =0
¿ (
log 512 log 9 log 3 log 8
log 3
× − ×
log 4 log 4 log 3
× ×)( × ×0
log 2 log 3 log 8 log 3 − y z )
(Using R2 → R2 −R 1and R3 → R 3−R2 ¿
( )( )
9 2 3 2 2
log 2 log 3 log 2 log 2 log 2
¿ × × × − ⇒ a ( yz )+ x ( bz− yz + cy− yz )=0
log 3 log 22 log 22 log 2 log 23
⇒ ayz+ bzx +cyx=2 xyz
¿ (
9×2 3
2 2 3)( )
2 15 4
− × 2− = × =10
2 3
a b c
⇒ + + =2
x y z
10 (a) 14 (d)

| |
a2 a 1 We have,

| |
Le t∆= cos (nx ) cos ( n+1 ) x cos ( n+2 ) x p b c
sin(nx ) sin ( n+1 ) x sin ( n+2 ) x a q c =0
Since, cos (nx )+ cos ( n+2 ) x=2 cos ( n+1 ) x cos x a b r

| |
and sin(nx)+sin ( n+ 2 ) x=2 sin ( n+1 ) x cos x p b c
Applying C 1 → C1−2 cos x ∙C 2 +C3 ⇒ a− p q−b 0 =0

| |
0 b−q r−c
a 2−2 a cos x+ 1 a 1
∴ ∆= 0
0
cos ( n+1 ) x cos ( n+2 ) x
sin ( n+ 1 ) x sin ( n+2 ) x
[ Applying R3 → R 3−R2
¿ R2 → R2−R 1 ]
| |
p )x] b
¿ ( a 2−2 a cos x +1 ) [cos ( n+ 1 ) x sin ( n+2 ) x−cos ( n+2 ) x sin ( n+1 c
p−a q−b r−c
¿ ( a 2−2 a cos x +1 ) sin x ⇒ =0
−1 1 0
∴ ∆ is independent of n. 0 −1 1
11 (b) p b c
⇒ + + =0

| |
x +1 2 x +1 3 x+ 1 p−a q−b r−c
Given 2x 4 x+ 3 6 x+ 3 =0
4 x+ 4 6 x +4 8 x + 4
⇒
p
+
q
p−a q−b
−1 + ( r
r −c )(
−1 =0 )
| |
0 x 2x p q r
⇒ + + =2
⇒2 2x 4 x+3 6 x +3 =0 p−a q−b r−c
2 x+ 2 3 x +2 4 x+ 2
15 (b)
[Using (R1 →2 R1−R 3) ¿ We have,

| | | |
0 x 0 a a+b a+2 b
⇒2 2x 4 x+3 −2 x−3 =0 ∆= a+2 b a a+b
2 x+ 2 3 x +2 −2 x−2 a+ b a+2 b a

| |
[Using (C 3 → C3 −2C 2)¿ 3 a+3 b a+b a+2 b
⇒−4 x [ 2 x +2 x−( 2 x+ 3 ) ( x +1 ) ]=0
2 ⇒ ∆= 3 a+3 b a a+b
3 a+3 b a+2 b a
⇒−4 x [ 2 x + 2 x−( 2 x +5 x+3 ) ]=0
2 2

ApplyingC 1 → C 1+C 2 +C3

⇒ 4 x ( 3 x+ 3 )=0

| |
⇒ x +1=0¿ given¿ 1 a+b a+2 b
⇒ ∆=3 ( a +b ) 1 a a+b
13 (d) 1 a+2 b a

| |
1 a+ b a+2 b
⇒ ∆=3 ( a +b ) 0 −b −b
0 b −2 b
P a g e | 37
 | |
Applying R 2 → R2−R1 0 β γ
R3 → R3−R 1 ¿ 0 γ α =0 [ ∵ α + β +γ =0]
⇒ ∆=3 ( a +b ) ( 3 b ) =9 b (a+b)
2 2 0 α β

16 (a) 19 (b)
Applying C 1 → C1 +C 2 ,we get Take a , b , c common from R1 , R 2 , R3 respectively,

| |
| |
2 cos2 θ 4 sin 4 θ 1 1 1
+1
2
⇒ 2 1+cos θ 4 sin 4 θ =0 a a a
2 1 1 1
1 cos θ 1+4 sin 4 θ ∴ ∆=abc +1 +2
b b b

⇒0
|2 cos 2 θ
1
2
4 sin 4 θ
0
1 cos θ 1+ 4 sin 4 θ
=0
| 1
c
+1

Applying R1 → R1 + R2 + R3
1
c
+1
1
c
+3

| |
[ R2 → R2 −R 1 ¿
1 1 1
⇒¿
1 1 1
⇒ sin 4 θ=
−1
2
=−sin
π
6 (
1 1 1 1+
∆=abc 3+ + +
a b c
b
1
) 2+
b
1
b
1
1+ 1+ 3+
⇒ 4 θ=nπ + (−1 )n
−π
6 ( ) c
Now, applying C 3 → C3 −C2 and C 2 → C2−C 1 and
c c

π 7π
∴ The value of θ between 0 and will be on expanding, we get
2 24
and
11π
24
[ 1 1 1
∆=2 abc 3+ + + =0
a b c ]
∵ a ≠ 0 , b≠ 0 , c ≠ 0
17 (c) ∴ a−1 +b−1 +c−1=−3
2 2 2
We have, a i + bi +c i =1
20 (c)
and a i a j +b i b j +c i c j=0 for (i=1 , 2 ,3 ¿
On expanding the given determinant, we obtain

| || | |
2
a1 a2 a3 a1 b1 c 1 a 1 b 1 c 1 3
2 x +2 x ( ac−ab−bc )=0 ⇒ x=0
∴ b1 b2 b3 = a2 b2 c 2 a 2 b 2 c 2
c1 c2 c3 a3 b 3 c 3 a 3 b3 c 3 23 (b)

| |
a21 +b21 +c 21
¿ a2 a1+ b2 b1 +c 2 c1
a3 a1+ b3 b1 +c 3 c 1
Given, A is a square matrix and A AT =I = AT A
a1 a2 +b 1 b 2+ c 1 c 2 a1 a3 +b1 b3 +c 1 c 3
⇒| A A T|=|I|=¿ AT A∨¿
2 2
a 2+ b2 +c 22
a1 a3 +b1 b3 +c 1 c 3
⇒| A||A T|=I =| A T|∨ A∨¿
a3 a2 +b 3 b 2+ c 3 c 2 a23 +b 23+ c23
[∵|A T|=¿ A∨¿
2
⇒| A| =¿ 1

| |
1 0 0 ⇒| A|=± 1
¿ 0 1 0 =1
0 0 1 25 (b)
We have,
18 (a)

| |
y+z x y
We have, 2
2
z+x z x =k ( x+ y+ z ) ( x−z )
α =2 , β=2 ω∧γ =2 ω ⇒ α + β+ γ =0 x+ y y z
Now,

| |
2 1 1

| |
α β γ
LHS¿ ( x + y + z ) z+ x z x (R1 → R1 + R 2+ R 3)
β γ α
x+ y y z
γ α β

| |
1 1 1

| |
α + β +γ β γ ¿( x+ y+z) x z x
¿ α + β +γ γ α ApplyingC 1 → C 1+C 2 +C3
x y z
α + β +γ α β

P a g e | 38
 | |
¿ ( x + y + z ) {1 ( z 2−xy ) −1 ( x z−x 2 ) +1 ( xy−x z ) } xn x n +2 x n+3
2 2
¿ ( x + y + z ) (x + z −2 x z ) Given, y n y
n+2
y
n+3

n n+2 n+3
2 2
⇒ ( x + y + z ) ( x −z ) =k ( x+ y+ z )( x−z ) (given) z z z
⇒ k=1

26 (b)
¿ ( y−z ) ( z−x ) (x− y ) ( 1x + 1y + 1z )
4
The degree of determinant
det ( 2 A )=2 det ( A )=16 det ⁡(A ) ¿ n+ ( n+ 2 ) + ( n+3 ) =3 n+5
27 (c) and the degree of RHS=2
∵ det ( M r )=r 2− ( r−1 )2=2 r −1 ∴ 3 n+5=2 ⇒ n=−1
∴ det ( M 1 ) +det (M 2 )+ ¿ ¿…+det ⁡( M 2008 ) 32 (b)

| |
¿ 1+3+5+¿ ….+4015 a b aα +b
2008 Since , b c bα +c =0
¿ [2+ ( 2008−1 ) 2 ¿
2 aα +b bα + c 0
2
¿ 2008 ( 2008 )= ( 2008 ) Applying R3 → R 3−( α R1 + R2)

| |
a b aα +b
28 (d)
⇒b c bα +c =0
Let A and R be the first term and common ratio 2
0 0 −a α −2bα −c
respectively.
∴ l=A R p−1 ⇒−( a α 2 +2 bα + c ) ( ac+ b2 )=0
2
⇒ log l=log A + ( p−1 ) log R ⇒ b =ac
m= A R
q−1 Hence, a , b , and c are in GP.
⇒ log m=log A + ( q−1 ) log R 33 (d)
and n=A Rr−1 The system of equations
⇒log n=log A + ( r −1 ) log R k x + y + z=1
Now, x +k y + z=k

| || |
2
log l p 1 log A+ ( p−1 ) log R p 1 x + y +k z=k
log m q 1 = log A + ( q−1 ) log R q 1 Is inconsistent, if

| |
log n r 1 log A+ ( r−1 ) log R r 1 k 1 1
∆= 1 k 1 =0 and one of the ∆ 1 , ∆ 2 ∆3 is non-
On multiplying R1 , R 2and R3 by( q−r ) , ( r− p )and
1 1 k
( p−q ) and adding R1 + R2 + R3 ,we get
zero, where
¿ ( q−r +r − p+ p−q ) . log A +{(q−r )(p−1)

| | | | | |
1 1 1 k 1 1 k 1 1
+ ( r − p ) ( q−1 )+ ( p−q ) (r−1)}log ⁡R
∆ 1= k k 1 , ∆ 2= 1 k 1 , ∆3 = 1 k k
=0 2 2 2
k 1 k 1 k k 1 1 k
29 (d) 2
We have, ∆=( k + 2 )( k−1 ) , ∆1=− ( k +1 ) ( k−1 )
2

Since, the given matrix is singular. 2 2 2

∆ 2=−k ( k −1 ) , ∆3=( k +1 ) ( k−1 )

[ ]
5 10 3 Clearly, for k =−2 , we have
∴ −2 −4 6 =0
∆=0∧∆ 1 , ∆ 2 , ∆ 3 are non-zero. Therefore, k =−2
−1 −2 b
⇒ 5 (−4 b+12 ) −10 (−2b +6 ) +3 ( 4−4 )=0 34 (a)
⇒−20 b+60+ 20 b−60=0 We have,

| |
⇒ 0 ( b )=0 a a+b a+b +c
∴ Thegiven matrix is singular for any value of b ∆= 3 a 4 a+ 3b 5 a+4 b+3 c
6 a 9 a+6 b 11 a+9 b+6 c
31 (c)
Applying R2 → R2 −3 R 1 , R3 → R3 −2 R 2

P a g e | 39
 | |
a a a+ b+c 1
¿ {sin A sin B cos C−sin A sin B cos C }
¿ 0 a 2 a+b cos A
0 a a+b ¿0
2 2
¿ a [a +ab−2 a −ab ] 39 (b)
3
¿−a =i ¿ given) Applying C 3 → C3 −C1 ,we get

| |
35 (c) 1 α α 2 −1

| |
a+b b+ c c+ a ∆= cos( p−d)a cos pa 0
LHS= b+c c +a a+ b sin ( p−d ) a sin pa 0
c+ a a+b b+c ¿ ( α 2−1 ) {−cos pa sin ( p−d ) a +sin pa cos ( p−d ) a }
The determinant can be written sum of
¿ ( α 2−1 ) sin {−( p−d ) a+ pa}
2 ×2 ×2=8 determinants of which 6 are reduces
to zero because of their two rows are identical. ⇒ ∆=( α 2−1 ) sin da

| |
Which is independent of p.
abc
2
∴ LHS= b c a 40 (c)
c ab

| |
a b ω 2 aω
2
36 (a) Let ∆= bω c bω

| |
2
α −β 0 c ω aω c
3 3
0 α β =0 ⇒ α −β =0 Applying C 3 → C3 −ω C 1

| |
β q x
a b ω2 0
( αβ ) =1⇒ αβ is one of the cube roots of unity.
3
⇒ = bω c 0
2
c ω aω 0
37 (a) ¿0
Applying R3 → R 3−α R1 −R 2 , we get 42 (b)

| | | |
b c aα+b x b b
∆= c d c α +d We have, ∆ 1= a
3 2 2
x b =x −3 abx +a b + a b
3 2
0 0 a α + b α + c α +d a a x

| |
3 2 2
⇒ ∆=(a α +b α + c α +d )(bd−c ) d x b
∆ =3 ( x −ab )∧∆2=
2 2
⇒ =x −ab
∴ ∆=0 dx 1 a x
⇒ either b , c , d are in G.P. or α is a root of d
∴ ( ∆1 ) =3 ( x 2−ab ) =3 ∆2
3 3
a x +b x + cx +d=0 dx

38 (a) 43 (b)

| |
We have, cos 2 θ cos θ sinθ −sinθ

| |
cos C tan A 0 Given f ( θ )= cos θ sinθ 2
sin θ cos θ
sin B 0 −tan A sin θ −cos θ 0
0 sin B cos C 2
¿ cos θ ¿ ¿

| |
cos C cos A sin A 0 −sin θ ¿ ¿
1
¿ sin B cos A 0 −sin A 4 2 2 4
2
cos A ¿ cos θ+2 sin θ cos θ+sin θ
0 sin B cos C 4 2 2 2
¿ cos θ+sin θ cos θ+sin θ

[ Applying R1 → R1 cos A
R 2 → R 2 cos A ] 2
¿ cos θ ¿ ¿
∴ For all , θ , f ( θ )=1

| |
cos C sin A 0
1 44 (d)
¿ sin B 0 −sin A
cos A Given that C=2 cos θ
0 sin B cos C

P a g e | 40
 | | | |
C 1 0 7 20 29
1 C 1 =C ( C −1 )−1(C−6)
2
and ∆= ∆= 2 5 7
6 1 C 3 9 13
∆=2 cos θ ¿ ¿ ¿ ⇒ ∆=∆ '
3
⇒ ∆=8 cos θ−4 cos θ+ 6
49 (d)

| |
45 (d) 2 xy x 2 y2
We have, 2 xy =2 xy ( x y −4 x y ) −x ( x −2 x y ) + y
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 3
x y

| |
sin x cos x tan x y
2
2 xy x
2

f ( x )= x 3 x
2
x 3 3 6 3 3 3 3 6
¿−6 x y −x +2 x y +2 x y − y
2x 1 1 6 6 3 3
¿−( x + y +2 x y )

| |
sin x 3 2
¿−( x + y )
3
cos x tan x
f (x) x
⇒ = 2 2 2
x x x x 50 (a)
2 1 1 We have,

| | ( )
sin x 1 1 1
cos x tan x ∆=abc 1+ + +
f (x) x a b c
⇒ 2 =
x x x 1 1 1 1
∴ ∆=0 ⇒ + + =−1
2 1 1 a b c

f (x) 1 1 0
| |
⇒ lim 2 = 0 0 1 =−1 ( 1−2 ) =1
51 (c)

| |
x →0 x b2 c 2 bc b +c
2 1 1
2 2
c a ca c+ a
46 (a) 2 2
a b ab a+ b

| |
[e] [π ] [ π 2−6 ] On multiplying R1 , R 2 , R3 by a , b , c respectively
[π ] [ π 2−6 ] [e] and divide the whole by abc

| |
[ π −6 ]
2
[e] [π ] ab 2 c 2 abc a ( b+ c )
1

| |
2 3 3 ¿ bc 2 a2 bca b ( c +a )
abc 2 2
¿3 3 2 a b c abc c ( a+b )
3 2 3 On taking common abc from C 1andC 2, we get

| |
¿ 2 ( 9−4 )−3 ( 9−6 ) +3 ( 6−9 )
( abc ) (abc ) bc 1 ab+ac
¿ 10−9−9=−8 ¿ ca 1 bc+ ab
abc
ab 1 ca+ bc
47 (b)
Now, C 1 → C1 +C 3
[ ][ ] [ ]
AB= 3 5 1 17 = 31

| |
2 0 0−10 2 34 ab+ bc+ ca 1 ab+ ac
¿ abc ca+ bc+ ab 1 bc +ab
[ ]
⇒| AB|= 3 1 =100
2 34
ab+ bc+ ca 1 ca+bc

| |
1 1 ab+ac
48 (c) ¿ ( abc ) (ab+bc +ca) 1 1 bc+ ab
Given that, 1 1 ca +bc

| |
1 2 3 ¿ 0 ¿ two columns are identical]
∆= 2 5 7
3 9 13 52 (b)

| |
Applying R1 → R1 +2 R3 1+ a 1 1
We have, 1 1+b 1 =λ
1 1 1+c

P a g e | 41
 Applying C 2 → C2−C 1∧C 3 → C 3−C1 We have,

| | | |
1+ a −a −a x +1 ω ω2
⇒ 1 b 0 =λ ∆= ω x +ω 2 1
1 0 c ω
2
1 x +ω

| |
On expanding w.r.t. R3 , we get
x+1+ ω+ω 2 x+ ω+ ω2 +1 x +1+ω+ ω2
ab+ bc+ ca+abc =λ ...(i) ⇒ Δ= 2
ω x+ ω 1
Given a−1+ b−1 +c −1 =0 2
ω 1 x +ω
1 1 1
+ + =0 [Applying R1 → R1 + R2 + R3 ]
a b c

| |
⇒ ab+bc +ca=0 1 1 1
⇒ ∆=( x +1+ω +ω ) ω x +ω 2 2
From Eq. (i), λ=abc 1
2
ω 1 x +ω
53 (c)

| |
1 0 0
We have,
⇒ ∆=x ω x+ ω −ω
2

| |
1−ω
x +1 x +2 x+ a 2 2 2
x +2 x +3 x+ b ω 1−ω x + ω−ω
x +3 x+ 4 x +c ⇒ ∆=x [ ( x +ω 2−ω ) ( x +ω−ω 2 )−(1−ω)(1−ω2 )]

| |
x +1 x +2 x+ a ∴ ∆=0 ⇒ x=0
1
¿ 2 x+ 4 2 x+6 2 x+ 2b [Applying R2 →2 R2
2 59 (d)
x +2 x+4 x +c
Applying C 2 → C2−C 1 and C 3 → C3 −C1 to the
]
given determinant and expanding it along first

| |
x +1 x+ 2 x + a now, we get
1
¿ 0 0 0 [Applying R2−(R1 + R3 )]
2 ⇒ (sin B−sin A)(sin C−sin A)
x +2 x +4 x+ c
¿0 × | 1 1
1+ sin B+ sin A 1+sin C+ sin A
=0 |
54 (b) ⇒ ( sin B−sin A )( sin C−sin A )( sin C−sin B )=0

| || |
a−b b−c c−a 0 b−c c−a ⇒ sin B=sin A∨sin C=sin A∨sin C=sin B
x− y y−z z−x = 0 y−z z−x =0 ⇒ A=B∨B=C∨C= A
p−q p−r r− p 0 q−r r − p ⇒ ∆ ABC is isosceles
(C ¿ ¿ 1→ C1 +C 2+ C3 )¿
60 (c)

| |
55 (c) 2r−1 3 r−1 4 r−1

| |
a−b+c – a−b+ c 1 We have, D r = x y z
n n n
a+b+2 c – a+ b+2 c 2 2 −1 (3 −1)/2 (4 −1)/3

| |
3c3c 3 n n n

∑ 2r−1 ∑ 3 r−1 ∑ 4 r−1

| |
2a−2 a 0 n
⇒ ∑ D r=
r=1 r=1 r=1
a+b+2 c – a+ b+2 c 2
x y z
3c3c 3 r=1
n n n
2 −1 (3 −1)/2 (4 −1)/3
[using R 1 → R1 + R2−R3 ¿

| |
¿ 2 a (−3 a+3 b+ 6 c−6 c ) +2 a(3 a+3 b+6 c−6 c) n 2 n−1 (3n−1)/2 (4 n−1)/3
¿ 12 ab ⇒ ∑ D r= x y z
r=1 n n n
2 −1 (3 −1)/2 (4 −1)/3
56 (a) n
Ratio of cofactor to its minor of the element −3 , ∑ D r=0 ¿ ¿ two rows are same)
which is in the 3 rd row and 2 nd column r=1

3+ 2
¿ (−1 ) =−1 61 (b)
We have,
57 (d)

P a g e | 42
 | | | |
1 1 1 0 0 x −1
1+sin A 1+sin B 1+ sin C =0 ¿0 1−x x −1 =1[0−( x−1 ) ( 1−x ) ]
1 ( 1+b ) x 1+ c x
2 2 2 2 2
sin A+ sin A sin B+sin B sin C+ sin C

| |
1 1 1 ¿ ( x−1 )
2

⇒ sin A sin B sin C =0 ⇒ f ( x ) is a polynomial of degree 2

2 2 2
sin A +sin A sin B+sin B sin C +sin C
Applying R 2 → R 2−R1 65 (c)
Since system of equations is consistent.

| |
1 1 1

| |
⇒ sin A sin B sinC =0 1 −1
1
2 2 2 ∴ 2 −1 −c =0
sin A sin B sin C
−b 3 b −c
Applying R 3 → R3−R2
⇒ c+bc−6 b+b+ 2 c+3 bc=0
⇒ ( sin A−sin B )( sin B−sin C ) ( sin C−sin A )=0 ⇒ 3 c + 4 bc−5 b=0
⇒ sin A=sin B∨, sin B=sin C∨, sin C=sin A 5
⇒ ∆ ABC is isosceles ⇒ c=
3+ 4 b
5b
62 (c) But c <1 ⇒ <1
3+4 b
We have,
b−3

| |
1 sin θ 1 ⇒ <0
2 3+ 4 b
det ( A )= −sin θ 1 sin θ =2(1+sin θ)

Now,
−1 −sin θ 1 ⇒b∈
−3
4
,3 ( )
0 ≤ sin θ ≤ 1 for all θ ∈¿
2
66 (a)
⇒ 2 ≤ 2+ 2sin θ ≤ 4 for all θ ∈¿
2
Applying R2 → R2 −R 3 ,we get

| |
⇒ Det ( A )∈[2 , 4] 1 1 1
4 4 4
63 (d) 2 2 2
( 2 x −2−x ) ( 3 x −3−x ) ( 5 x −5−x )

| |
1 5 π

| |
Let ∆= log e e 5 √5 1 1 1
log 10 10 5 e ¿4 1 1 1
2 2 2
( 2 x −2− x ) ( 3 x −3− x ) ( 5 x −5− x )

| || |
1 5 π 1 1 π
⇒ ∆= 1 5 √ 5 =5 1 1 √ 5 ¿ ¿ 4 ×0=0[ ∴ two rows areidentical ]
1 5 e 1 1 e
67 (b)
¿ 0 ¿ two columns are identical) We have,
−1
64 (a) A A =I
Applying C 1 → C1 +C 2+C 3 ,we get ⇒ det ( A A−1 ) =det (I )

| |
1+ a x+ x + x b + x +c x ( 1+ b ) x ( 1+c ) x
2 2 2 2 2 ⇒ det ( A ) det ( A−1 )=¿1 ¿
f ( x )= x+ a2 x +1+b 2 x + x +c 2 x ( 1+ b2 x ) ( 1+c 2 ) x
x+ a2 x + x +b 2 x +1+c 2 x ( 1+ b2 ) x ( 1+c 2 x )
[
∵ det ( A B )=det ( A ) det ( B )
¿ , det ( I )=1 ]
| |
1
⇒ det ( A ) =
−1
1 ( 1+b ) x ( 1+c ) x
2 2
det (A )
¿ 1 1+b2 x ( 1+c 2 ) x
1 ( 1+b2 ) x 1+c 2 x 68 (b)
We have,

| |
2 2 2
[ ∵ a + b +c +2=0 ] 1+ax 1+bx 1+ cx
Applying R1 → R1 −R 3 , R2 → R 2−R3 1+ a1 x 1+ b1 x 1+ c 1 x
1+ a2 x 1+ b2 x 1+ c 2 x

P a g e | 43
 | | | |
1+ax ( b−a ) x ( c−a ) x 10
C4 + 10 C 5 10
C5 11
Cm
¿ 1+ a1 x ( b1−a1 ) x ( c 1−a 1) x 11 11
C6 + C 7 11
C7 12
Cm +2 =0
1+ a2 x ( b2−a2 ) x ( c 2−a 2) x 12 12
C8 + C9 12
C9 13
C m +4

| |
ApplyingC 2 → C 2−C1 ∧C3 →C 3−C 1 11 10 11
C5 C5 Cm

| |
1+ ax b−a c−a ⇒ 12
C7 11
C7 12
Cm +2 =0
2
¿ x 1+ a1 x b1−a1 c 1−a1 13 12 13
C9 C9 C m +4
1+ a2 x b2−a2 c 2−a2
It means either two rows or two columns are
[
¿ x 2 ( 1+ ax ) {( b1−a1 ) ( c 2−a 2 )−( b 2−a 2) ( c1−a1 ) }−( 1+a1 x identical.
) {( b−a ) ( c 2−a2 )−( c−a ) ( b 2−a2 ) }+ ( 1+a2 x ) {( b−a ) ( c 1−a 1 )−
2
¿ x ( λ x + μ ) , where λ and μ are constants ∴ 11 C 5=11 C m , 12 C7= 12 Cm +2 , 13 C9 =13 C m+4
2 3
¿ μ x +λx ⇒ m=5
Hence, A0 =A 1=0
73 (b)

| |
69 (b) 1 1 0

| |
a −1 0 Given, 2 0 3 =29
f ( x )= ax a −1 5 −6 x
2
a x ax a ⇒ 1 ( 0+18 )−1 (2 x−15 )=29
Applying R3 → R 3−x R2 ⇒ 2 x=4 ⇒ x=2

| |
a −1 0 74 (a)
2
f ( x )= ax a −1 =( a+ x ) (a + ax) Applying C 1 → C1 +C 2 , we get
0 0 a+ x
⇒ f ( x ) =a ( a+ x )
2

∴ f ( 2 x ) =a ( a+2 x )2
⇒ f ( 2 x )−f ( x )=ax (2 a+3 x )
|sin2 x cos2 x 1 1 cos 2 x 1
cos x sin x 1 = 1 sin x 1 =0
2

−10 12
2

2 2
2

12 2
|| |
75 (b)
70 (c) Since, | A|=−1 ,|B|=3

| |
−12 0 λ ∴|AB|=| A||B|=−3
0 2−1 =-360
Now, |3 AB|=( 3 )3 (−3 )=−81
21 15
⇒−12 ( 30+1 )−4 λ=−360 77 (d)
−12 Applying C 3 → C3 −αC 1 +C2 to the given
⇒−372+360=4 λ ⇒ λ= =−3
4 determinant, we get

| |
71 (c)
a b 0
2
b c 0 =( 1−2 α ) (ac−b )

| || |
1 ω ω2 1+ω+ ω2 ω ω2 2 1 −2 α + 1
Let A= ω ω2 1 = 1+ω+ ω2 ω2 1
2 2
So, if the determinant is zero, we must have
ω 1 ω 1+ω+ ω 1 ω ( 1−2 α ) ( ac−b 2) =0
[C 1 → C1 +C 2+C 3 ⇒ 1−2 α=0

|0 ω ω2

o 1 ω
|
¿ 0 ω 2 1 =0 [ ∵ 1+ω+ ω2=0]
or ( ac −b2 )=0
1
⇒ α= ∨ac=b
2
2

Which means a , b , c are in GP.

72 (b)
Applying C 1 → C1 +C 2 ,we get 78 (a)

P a g e | 44
 | |
2
x 3 7 ⇒ ( x +1 ) ( x−2 ) =0
We have, 2 x 2 =0 ⇒ x=−1 , 2
7 6 x

| |
81 (c)
1 1 1

| | | |
⇒ ( x +9 ) 2 x 2 =0(R1 → R1 + R2 + R3 ) 1 2 3 1 2 3
7 6 x Let A= 3 3
1 2 3
3
=1.2 .3 2 2
1 2 3
2

5 5 5 4 4 4
1 2 3 1 2 3
⇒ ( x +9 ) {1 ( x −12 ) −1 ( 2 x−14 ) +1 ( 12−7 x ) }=0
2

| || |
1 1 1 1 0 0
⇒ ( x +9 ) ( x 2−9 x +14 )=0
¿ 6 1 4 9 =6 1 3 5
⇒ ( x +9 )( x−2 ) ( x−7 )=0 1 16 81 1 15 65
∴ The other two roots are 2 and 7.
[C 2 → C2−C 1 ,C 3 → C 3−C 2 ¿

| |
79 (a) 1 0 0

| |
a−x c b ¿ 6.3 .5 1 1 1 =90 [ 1 (13−5 ) ] =720=6 !
Let A ≡ c b−x a =0 1 5 13
b a c−x
82 (c)
Applying C 1 → C1 +C 2+C 3
∵|A 3|=¿ A∨¿ 3=125 ¿

| |
a+b+ c−x c b
¿ a+b+ c−x b−x
a+b+ c−x a
a
c−x
⇒
[ ]
α 2
2 α
=5
2

| |
⇒ α −4=5⇒ α =± 3
1 c b
¿(a+b+ c−x) 1 b−x a 84 (b)
1 a c−x Given, angles of a triangle are A , B∧C . We know
[
⇒ ( a+b+ c−x ) 1 {( b−x ) ( c−x )−a }−c ( c−x−a ) +b ( a−b+
2
thatx )A+ ]
=0B+C=π , therefore
A+ B=π −C
⇒ ( a+b+ c−x ) [ bc−bx−cx + x −a −c + xc+ ac+ ab−b +bx ]=0
2 2 2 2

⇒ cos ( A + B )=cos ( π −C )=−cos C

⇒ ( a+b+ c−x ) [ x −( a +b +c ) +ab +bc +ca ]=0
2 2 2 2
⇒ cos A cos B−sin A sin B=−cos C
∵ ab+bc +ca=0 (given) ⇒ cos A cos B +cos C=sin A sin B …(i)

| |
1/ 2
⇒ either x=a +b+c ∨x=( a 2+b 2+ c 2 ) −1 cos C cos B
Let ∆= cos C −1 cos A
80 (b)
cos B cos A −1
We have,
¿−¿

| |
x−1 1 1 2
1 x−1 1 =0 ¿−sin A +cos C ¿¿ ¿ [from Eq.(i)]
2
1 1 x−1 ¿−sin A +sin A ¿ ¿ ¿

| |
2
x +1 1 1 ¿−sin A +sin A sin ⁡(B+C )
2 2
⇒ x +1 x−1 1 =0 ¿−sin A +sin A=0 ¿
x +1 1 x−1
85 (a)
[ ApplyingC 1 → C 1+C 2 +C3 ] We have,

| | | |
1 1 1 a2 + x ab ac
⇒ ( x +1 ) 1 x−1 1 =0 3
∆= ab b + x bc
1 1 x−1 2
ac bc c + x

| |
1 1 1

| |
⇒ ( x +1 ) 0 x−2 0 =0 a3 +ax a2 b a2 c
1 2 3 2
0 0 x−2 ⇒ ∆= ab b +bx b c
abc 2 2 3
c +cx
[ ]
Applying R2 → R2 −R1 , ac bc
R3 → R 3−R1

P a g e | 45
 | | | |
a2 + x a2 a2 a2 + x a2 a2
⇒ ∆= b2 2
b +x b
2
∆= b 2 2
b +x b
2

2 2 2 2 2 2
c c c +x c c c +x

| |
1 1 1 Applying R1 → R1 + R2 + R3

| |
⇒ ∆=( a +b +c + x ) b2 b2 + x
2 2 2 2
b 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 2 2
c c c +x ¿(a +b + c + x ) b b + x
2 2
b
2

2 2 2
[Applying R1 → R1 + R2 + R3 ] c c c +x
⇒ ∆=( a2 +b2 +c 2 + x ) {( b 2 x +c 2 x + x 2 )−( b2 x ) +(−c 2 x) } Applying C 2 → C2−C 1 ,C 3 → C 3−C 1
⇒ ∆=x 2 ( a2 +b 2+ c 2+ x )
| |
1 1 0
2 2 2
2
⇒ x is a factor ∆ ¿(a +b + c + x ) b 2 x 0
2
c 0 x
86 (a)
¿ x ( x −b2 ) ( a2 +b2 +c 2 + x)

| |
x+1 x +2 x +3
Hence, option (d) is correct.
Given that, x +2 x +3 x+ 4 =0
x +a x +b x +c 90 (a)

| | | |
−1 −1 x +3 bc ca ab
⇒ −1 −1
a−b b−c
x+ 4 =0
x +c
(
C 1 → C 1−C2
C 2 → C 2−C3 ) Given, ca ab bc =0
ab bc ca

| |
3 3 3 2 2 2
0 0 −1 ⇒ ( ab ) + ( bc ) + ( ca ) −3 a b c =0
⇒ −1 −1 x+ 4 =0(R 1 → R1−R2 ) ⇒ ( ab+bc +ca ) ¿
a−b b−c x +c 2 2
−b c a−c a b ¿=0
⇒ (−1 ) (−b+ c+ a−b )=0 ⇒ ab+bc +ca=0
⇒ 2 b−a−c=0 1 1 1
⇒ + + =0
⇒ a+c=2 b a b c
∴ a , b , c in AP.
91 (c)
87 (b) Given,

| | | |
100 1 2 ( x−1 ) 3 ( x −1 )( x−2 )
Given, A= x 1 0 ⇒ A=1 f ( x )= x−1 ( x−1 )( x−2 ) ( x−1 ) ( x−2 )( x−3 )
xx1
x x ( x−1 ) x ( x−1 ) ( x−2 )
3 2 3 2
∴ A −4 A +3 A + I =( 1 ) −4 ( 1 ) +3 ( 1 )+ I =I

| |
1 2 3
88 (a) ¿ ( x−1 ) ( x−1 ) ( x−2) x−1 x−2 x−3

| |
x x x
1 x y
Let ∆= 2 sin x +2 x sin y +3 y Applying C 1 → C1−C 2 ,C 2 → C 2−C3

| |
3 cos x +3 x cos y+3 y −1 −1 3
2

| |(
1 x y ¿ ( x−1 ) ( x−2) 1 1 x−3
¿ 0 sin x sin y
0 cos x cos y
R2 → R 2−2 R 1 ,
R3 → R 3−3 R 1 ) 2
0 0
¿ ( x−1 ) ( x−2 ) x (−1+1 )=¿ 0
x

¿ sin x cos y−cos x sin y=sin (x− y ) ⇒ f ( x ) =0

∴ f ( 49 )=0
89 (d)

| |
a3+ ax a2 b a2 c 92 (b)

| |
1 2 3 2
We have, ∆= ab b + bx b c 1+ax 1+bx 1+ cx
abc 2
c a
2 2
c b c + xc Given that, 1+ a1 x 1+ b1 x 1+ c 1 x
Taking a , b , c common in columns Ist, IInd and 1+ a2 x 1+ b2 x 1+ c 2 x
IIIrd, we get,

P a g e | 46
 | |
2 3
¿ A0 + A 1 x + A 2 x + A3 x 1 sin ( A+C ) sin ( A+ B )
2
On putting x=0 on both sides, we get ¿ a sin ( A+C ) 1 cos ( B−C )

| |
1 1 1 sin ( A +B ) cos ( B−C ) 1

| | |
1 1 1 =A 0 sin A cos A 0 sin A cos A 0
1 1 1 2
¿ a cos C sin C 0 cos C sin C
2
0 =a × 0=0
⇒ A 0=0 cos B sin B 0 cos B sin B 0

94 (d) 97 (b)

| |
We have, 1 1 1

| | |
cos α sin α 0 cos α sin α 0 Given, D= 1 1+ x 1
cos β sin β 0 cos β sin β 0 1 1 1+ y
cos γ sin γ 0 cos γ sin γ 0 Applying C 2 → C2−C andC 3 → C3 −C1

| | | |
1 cos ( β−α ) cos ( γ−α ) 100
¿ cos ( α −β ) 1 cos ( γ−β ) ¿ 1 x 0 =xy
cos ( α −γ ) cos ( β−γ ) 1 10 y

| |
1 cos ( β−α ) cos ( γ −α ) Hence, D is divisible by both x and y .
∴ cos ( α + β ) 1 cos ( γ −β ) =0 98 (a)
cos ( α−γ ) cos ( β−γ ) 1 Taking x common from R2and x ( x −1 )common
from R3,we get
95 (a)

| | | |
x 37 1 x (x+1)
2
Given, 2 x 2 =0 f ( x )=x (x−1) 2 ( x−1) (x+1)
76 x 3 ( x−2) (x+1)
⇒ x ( x 2−12 )−3 ( 2 x−14 )+ 7 (12−7 x )=0
| |
1 x 1
2
3
⇒ x −67 x +126=0 ⇒ f ( x ) =x ( x−1 ) (x +1) 2 x−1 1
3 x−2 1
⇒ ( x +9 ) ( x 2−9 x +14 )=0

| |[
1 x 1
⇒ ( x +9 )( x−2 ) ( x−7 )=0
⇒ x=−9 ,2 , 7
Hence, the other two roots are 2, 7
2 2 R → R2−R 1
¿ x ( x −1 ) 1 −1 0 2
2 −2 0 R3 → R3 −R 1
]
⇒ f ( x ) =x 2 ( x 2−1 ) (−2+2 )=0
96 (c) ⇒ f ( x ) =0for all x
From the sine rule, we have
∴ f ( 11) =0
sin A sin B sin C
⇒ = = =k ( say ) ,
a b c 99 (b)
⇒ sin A=ak , sin B=bk ∧sin C=ck Applying R2 → R2 −R 1 , R3 → R 3−R1 ,we get
a2

|
∴ b sin A
b sin A
1
c sin A cos ( B−C )
c sin A
cos ( B−C )
1
| |
1
0 −6
4 20
−15 =0
2
0 2 x−4 5 x −20
|
| |
⇒ 1 [−6 ( 5 x −20 ) + 15 ( 2 x−4 ) ] =0
2
a2 abk ack
¿ abk 1 cos ( B−C ) 2
⇒ x −x−2=0
ack cos ( B−C ) 1 ⇒ ( x−2 )( x +1 )=0

| |
1 sin B sin C ⇒ x=−1 , 2
2
¿ a sin B 1 cos ( B−C )
100 (b)
sin C cos ( B−C ) 1
We have,

P a g e | 47
 | | | |
3 x−8 3 3 1 a b
3 3 x−8 3 =0 Given 1 c a =0
3 3 3 x−8 1 b c

| |
2
3 x−2 3 3 ⇒ c −ab−a ( c−a )+ b ( b−c )=0
⇒ 3 x−2 3 x−8 3 =0 2 2 2
⇒ a + b +c −ab−bc−ca=0
3 x−2 3 3 x −8 1 2 2 2
⇒ [(a−b) + ( b−c ) + ( c−a ) ]=0⇒ a=b=c
ApplyingC 1 → C 1+C 2 +C3 2

| |
1 3 3 So,∆ ABC is equilateral triangle.
⇒ ( 3 x−2 ) 1 3 x−8 3 =0 ∴ ∠ A=60 ° , ∠ B=60 ° ,∠ C=60 °
1 3 3 x−8 2 2 2 2 2 2
sin A +sin B+sin C=sin 60 °+sin 60 ° +sin 60 °

| | ( ) ( )( )
2 2 2
1 3 3
¿
√ 3 + √3 + √3
⇒ ( 3 x−2 ) 0 3 x−11 0 =0 2 2 2
0 0 3 x −11 3 9
¿3× =
Applying R 2 → R 2−R1 , 4 4
R 3 → R3−R 1
2 104 (a)
⇒ ( 3 x−2 ) ( 3 x−11) =0

| |
1 ωn ω2 n
⇒ x=2 /3 , 11/3
Given that, ∆= ω2 n 1 ω
n

n 2n
101 (a) ω ω 1
We have, Applying C 1 → C1 +C 2+C 3

| | | |
αx xx
1+ω n +ω2 n ωn ω2 n
x βxx
xxγx ¿ 1+ω n +ω2 n 1 ω
n

n 2n 2n
x x xδ 1+ω +ω ω 1

| | | |
α x−α x−α x−α 0 ω n ω2 n
n
x −(x−β ) 0 0 ¿0 1 ω
¿
x 0 −(x−γ ) 0 0 ω
2n
1
x 0 0 −( x−δ) ¿If n multiple of 3, then 1+ω n+ ω2 n=0)

| || |
−( x−β ) 0 0 x−α x−α ¿x−α
0
¿α 0 −( x−γ ) 0 −x 0 −( x−γ ) 0
105 (b)
0 0 −( x−δ ) 0 0 −( x−δ )

| | || |[ ]
x 3 6 2 x 7 4 5 x

| ||
x−α x−α x−α x−α x−α x−α
3 6 x = x 7 2 = 5 x 4 =0
+ x −( x−β ) 0 0 −x −( x−β ) 0 60 x 3 7 2 x x 4 5
0 0 −( x−δ ) 0 −( x−γ ) 0

| || |
x + 9 x +9 x+ 9 9+ x x +9 9+ x
¿−α ( x−β ) ( x−γ ) ( x −δ )−(x−α )(x−γ )(x−δ) ⇒ 3 6 x = x 7 2
−x ( x −α )( x−β ) ( x−δ )−x ( x−α )(x −β)(x−γ ) 6 x 3 7 2 x

[ ]
¿−α ( x−β ) ( x−γ ) ( x −δ )+ x ( x− β)(x−γ )(x−δ ) 9+ x 9+ x 9+ x
−x ( x −β )( x−γ ) ( x−δ )−x (x−α )(x−γ )( x −δ) ¿ 5 x 4 =0
−x ( x −α )( x−β ) ( x−δ )−x ( x−α )(x −β)(x−γ ) x 4 5

| | | |
¿ ( x−β ) ( x−γ )( x−δ ) ( x−α )−x [ ( x−α )( x−β ) ( x−γ ) + ( x−β ) ( x−γ )(1x−δ0) + ( x−γ
0 ) ( x−δ ) ( x −α
1 )+(x−α
0 )(x−β)(x−δ
0
'
¿ f ( x )−x f ( x ) , where, ⇒ ( x +9 ) 3 3 x−3 =(9+ x) x 7−x 2−x
f ( x )=(x−α )(x−β)(x−γ )( x−δ) 6 x−6 −3 7 −5 x−7

| |
1 0 0
102 (b) ¿(9+ x) 5 x−5 −1
x 4−x 5−x
¿0

P a g e | 48
 | |
⇒ x +9=0 ⇒ x=−9 2 ka cos A kc kb
⇒ ∆= kc 2 kb cos B ka [Using:
106 (b)
kb ka 2 kc cos C
The given system of equations will have a unique
Sine rule]
solution, if

| | | |
2 a cos A c b
k 2 −1 3
⇒ ∆=k c 2b cos B a
0 k −1 −2 ≠ 0⇒ k ( k −1 )( k + 2 ) ≠ 0 ⇒ k ≠ 0 , 1 ,−2
b a 2 c cos C
0 0 k +2

|
a cos A+ a cos A a cos B+b cos A c cos A+ a c
3
108 (d) ⇒ ∆=k a cos B+ b cos A b cos B+ b cos B b cos C +c c

| |
a b− y c−z c cos A+ a cos C b cos C+ c cos B c cos C+ c c

| | |
a−x b c−z =0 cos A a 0 a cos A 0
a−x b− y c 3
⇒ ∆=k cos B b 0 b cos B 0
Applying R2 → R2 −R 1∧R3 → R 3−R2 cos C c 0 c cos C 0

| |
3
a b− y c−z ⇒ ∆=k × 0 ×0=0
⇒ −x y 0 =0
0 −y z 111 (d)
Applying R1 → R1 + R2 + R3 and taking common (
⇒ a ( y z ) + x ( b z − y z +cy − y z ) =0
⇒ ay z +b z x + cyx=2 xy z a+ b+c ¿from R1 ,we get

| |
a b c 1 1 1
⇒ + + =2 ¿(a+b+ c) 2 b b−c−a 0
x y z
2c 0 c−a−b
109 (a) Applying C 2 → C2−C 1 and C 3 → C3 −C1,

| |
Given,
1 0 0

| |
1 cos ⁡(α −β) cos α ¿(a+b+ c) 2 b −b−c−a −2 b
cos ⁡(α −β) 1 cos β is symmetric 2c 0 −a−b−c
cos α cos β 1 ¿ ( c +b+ c ) [ (−b−c−a ) (−a−b−c ) ]
determinant. 3
¿ ( a+ b+c )
∴ Its value is
1+2 cos ( α −β ) cos α cos β 112 (b)
2 2 2
−cos α−cos β−cos ( α −β) We know that
2 2
¿ 1−cos α −cos β−cos ⁡(α−β ) | AB|=| A|∨B∨¿
¿ ⇒ AB=0
2 2
¿ 1−co s α−cos β−cos ⁡(α −β ) ⇒| AB|=0
⇒| A||B|=0
[ cos ( α− β ) −cos ( α + β )−cos ( α− β ) ]
2 2 ⇒ either| A|=0 or, |B|=0
¿ 1−cos α −cos β+ cos ( α −β ) cos( α + β )
2 2 2 2 2 2
¿ 1−cos α −cos β+ cos α cos β−sin α sin β 113 (a)
2 2
¿ 1−cos α −cos β ¿ ¿ ¿ The given system of equations will have a unique
¿¿ solution, if

| |
2 2 2 2
¿ sin α sin β−sin α sin β=0 1 1 1
2 1 −1 ≠ 0 ⇒ k ≠ 0
110 (d) 3 2 k
We have,

| |
2 sin A cos A sin C sin B 114 (a)
∆= sin C 2 sin B cos B sin A ∴ a1 , a2. , ... , an.are in GP.
sin B sin A 2sin C cos C ⇒ an , an +2 , an+ 4 , … are also in GP.
2
Now, ( a n+2 ) =an . an+ 4

P a g e | 49
 ⇒ 2 log ( a n+2 ) =log an + log an+ 4 2 2
⇒ 2 a +2 b +2 c −2 ab−2 bc−2 ca=0
2

Similarly, 2 log ( a n+8 ) =log an +6 +log an +10 ⇒ ( a2 +b2−2 ab ) + ( b 2+ c 2−2 bc ) + ( c 2+ a2−2 ca )=0

| |
2 2 2
log an log a n+2 loga n+4 ⇒ ( a−b ) + ( b−c ) + ( c−a ) =0
Now, ∆= log an +6 log a n+8 log a n+10 Here, sum of squares of three numbers can be
log an+12 log an+ 14 log a n+16 zero, if and only, if a=b=c .
⇒ ∆ ABC is an equilateral triangle.
Applying C 2 → 2C 2−C 1−C 3
⇒ ∠ A=∠ B=∠C=60 °

|log a n 2 log an +2−log a n−log a n+4 log an +4

log an+6 ¿ ¿
∴−log
2 log an +14
2
sin Aa +sin
2
n+12 −log
B+sin
2
a n+16C=sin
2 2 2
60 ¿°+sin 60 °+ sin 60 °
¿ log a n+16
|
(
3 3 3 9
¿ + + =
4 4 4 4 )
| |
log an 0 log an+ 4
= log an +6 0 loga n+10 =0 122 (d)

| |
log an+12 0 loga n+16 f (−x ) + f (x) 0 x4
∆ (−x ) = 3 f (−x )−f (x) cos x
116 (a) x 4
−2 x f (−x ) f (x )
We have,

| | | |
3 f ( x ) + f (−x ) 0 x4
x ( 1+ sin x ) cos x
3 f ( x )−f (−x ) cos x =−∆ (x)
Coefficient of x ∈ 1 log ( 1+ x ) 2 4
x −2 x f ( x ) f (−x)
x2 ( 1+ x )2 0
So, ∆ (x) is an odd function.
¿ coefficient of x in

| |
4
⇒ x ∆ (x) is an odd function

(1+ x− 3!x + …)
3 3 2
x 2
x 1− +…
⇒ ∫ x ∆ ( x ) dx=0
4
2!
−2
¿ 2
x x
3
1 x− + … 2
2 3 123 (c)

| |
2 2
x 1+2 x + x 0 cos ⁡(x−a) cos ⁡(x +a) cos x

| |
x 1 1 sin (x+ a) sin ⁡(x−a) sin x
x
¿ Coefficient of in 1 x 2 cos a tan x cos a cot x cosec 2 x
2
x 1 0 ¿
¿ Coefficient of x in

| |
[ x ( 0−2 )−( 0−2 x 2 ) + ( 1−x3 ) ]=−2 2 cos x cos a cos ⁡( x+ a) cos x
2 sin x cos a sin ⁡(x−a) sin x
¿
( )
119 (d) tan 2 x +1
On putting x=0 in the given equation, we get cos a cos a cot x cosec 2 x
tan x

| |
1 2 0

| |
g= 0 1 2 =9 cos ⁡x cos ⁡(x + a) cos x
2 0 1 ¿ 2 cos a sin x sin ⁡(x−a) sin x =0
On differentiating given equation and then put
cosec 2 x cos a cot x cosec 2 x
x=0 , we get [∵ two columns are identical]
f =−5 125 (a)
120 (a) Since (x−k) will be common from each row

| |
1 a b which vanish by putting x=k . Therefore, ( x−k )r
In ∆ ABC , given 1 c a =0 will be a factor of ¿ A∨¿
1 b c
126 (d)
⇒1 ( c 2−ab )−a ( c−a )+ b ( b−c )=0 Putting x=0 in the given determinant equation
2 2 2
⇒ a + b +c −ab−bc−ca=0 we get

P a g e | 50
 | |
0 −1 3 Applying C 2 → C2−C 1 ,we get

| |
a 0= 1 2 −3 x+ 2 1 x +a
−3 4 0 ∆= x + 4 1 x +b
¿ 1 ( 0−9 ) +3 ( 4+ 6 ) x+6 1 x +c
¿ 30−9=21 Applying R2 → R2 −R 1∧R3 → R 3−R1

| |
127 (a)
x+2 1 x+ a

| |
⇒ ∆= 2 0 b−a
A 4 0 c−a
a cot λ
2
¿−1(2 c−2 a−4 b +4 a)
B
Given, b cot μ =0 ⇒ ∆=2(2b−c−a) …(i)
2
C Since, a , b , c are in AP.
c cot γ a+ c
2 ∴ b=

| |
2
s(s−a) ∴ ∆=2(a+ c−c−a)
a λ
∆ ¿ 0 [from Eq. (i)]
s(s−b)
⇒b μ =0 130 (a)
∆

| |
s(s−c ) cos ( A−P) cos (A−Q) cos( A−R)
c γ
∆ cos ( B−P) cos(B−Q) cos (B−R)
cos(C−P) cos (C−Q) cos (C−R)
[ A s (s−a) s(s−a)
]
|
∵ cot = = cos A cos P+sin A sin P cos A cos Q+sin A sin Q cos
2 √ (s−a)(s−b)(s−c ) ∆
¿ cos B cos P+sin B sin P cos B cos Q+sin B sin Q cos

| |
a s−a λ cos C cos P+sin C sin P cos C cos Q+sin C sin Q cos
1 ∆
⇒ b s−b μ =0 wherer =
r s The determinants can be rewritten as 8
c s−c γ
determinants and the value of each of these 8
Applying C 2 → C2 +C 1 determinants is zero.

| | | |
a s λ cos A cos A cos A
1
⇒ b s μ =0 ie , cos P cos Q cos R cos B cos B cos B =0
r
c s γ cos C cos C cos C

| |
a 1 λ Similarly, other determinants can be shown zero.
∆
⇒ 2 b 1 μ =0
r c 1 γ 131 (b)

| |
n
Applying R1 → R1 −R 2 , R2 → R2−R 3 x
sin x cos x

| |
a−b 0 λ−μ nπ nπ
∆ We have, ∆ ( x )= n ! sin cos
⇒ 0 μ−γ =0 2 2
2 b−c
r c 1 γ a a
2
a
3

| |
∆ n
d n d
n
d
n
⇒ 2 [ ( b−c ) ( λ−μ )−( μ−γ )( a−b ) ] =0 x sin x cos x
r d xn d xn d xn
dn
⇒ b ( λ−μ )−c ( λ−μ )−a ( μ−γ )+ b ( μ−γ )=0 [ ∆ ( x ) ]=
⇒−a ( μ−γ )+ b ( λ−μ + μ−γ ) −c ( λ−μ ) =0 d xn n! sin
nπ
2 ( ) cos ( )
nπ
2
⇒−a ( μ−γ )+ b ( λ−γ )−c ( λ−μ )=0 a a
2
a
3

⇒ a ( μ−γ ) +b ( γ −λ ) +c ( λ−μ )=0 ( ∵ Differentiationof R2∧R 3 are zero)

129 (d)

| |
x+ 2 x+3 x +a
Let ∆= x + 4 x+5 x +b
x+6 x +7 x +c

P a g e | 51
 | |
134 (b)
n ! sin x+
nπ
2 ( ) (
cos x +
nπ
2 ) We have,

| |
11 1 1
n! sin
nπ
2 ( ) cos
nπ
2( ) 12 3 4
1 3 6 10
2 3
a a a 1 4 10 20

| ( ) (
|
)
| |[
nπ nπ 111 1

]
n! sin 0+ cos 0+ Applying R2 → R 2−R1 ,
2 2 ¿ 012 3
⇒ [ ∆ ( x ) ]x=0=
n 025 9 R3 → R3−R 1 , R4 → R4 −R1
n! sin ( )
nπ
2
cos
nπ
( )
2
0 3 9 19

| |
a a
2
a
3 1 2 3

| |
¿2 5 9
n ! sin
nπ
( ) cos
nπ
( ) 3 9 19

| |[
2 2 1 2 3
¿
n ! sin
nπ
2 ( ) cos
nπ
( )
2
¿0 1 3
0 3 10
Applying R2 → R2 −2 R 1 ,
R3 → R 3−3 R1 ]
2 3
a a a ¿ ( 10−9 )=1
¿ 0( ∵ R1∧R 2 are identic al)
135 (c)
132 (a) The homogenous linear system of equations is

| |
consistent ie , possesses trivial solution, if
1 log x y log x z

| |
Let,∆= log y x 1 log y z 2 3 5
Δ≡ 1 k 5 ≠0
log z x log z y 1
k −12 −14
¿ 1 ( 1−log z y log y z ) −log x y ( log y x−log y z log z x ) + log x z ¿ 2
⇒ 2 (−14 k+ 60 )−3 (−14−5 k )+5 (−12−k )≠ 0
¿¿ 2
⇒ 5 k +13 k −102 ≠0
¿ ( 1−1 ) −( 1−log x y log y x ) + ( log x z log z x−1 )=0
⇒ ( 5 k −17 ) (k +6)≠ 0
(Since,log x y log y x=1 ¿ 17
⇒ k ≠−6 ,
¿ 0−( 1−1 ) + ( 1−1 )=0 5
133 (b) 136 (c)
Given determinant is We have,

| | | |
15 ! 16 ! 17 ! b 2+ c 2 ab ac
∆= 16 ! 17 ! 18 ! 2 2
ab c +a bc
17 ! 18 ! 19 ! 2 2
ca cb a +b
Applying C 2 → C2−C 1 ,C 3 → C 3−C 2

| |
a ( b +c )
2 2 2 2

| |
ab a c
15 ! 15 ×15 ! 16 ×16 ! 1
¿ b(c +a )
2 2 2 2
∆= 16 ! 16 ×16 ! 17 ×17 ! abc ab b c
17 ! 17 ×17 ! 18 ×18 ! c2 a c2 b c ( a 2 + b2 )

| |
1 15 16 × 16 [Applying R1 → R1 ( a ) , R2 ↔ R2 ( b ) , R3 ↔ R3 ( c)]

| |
= (15!)(16!)(17!) 1 16 17 × 17
b2 +c 2 a2 a2
1 17 18 × 18 1 2 2 2 2
¿ abc b c +a b
Applying R1 → R1 −R 2 , R2 → R 2−R3 abc 2 2 2 2
c c a +b

| | | |
0 −1 −33
= (15!)(16!)(17!) 0 −1 −35 0 −2 c 2 −2 b2
1 17 18 × 18 ¿ b 2 c 2 +a2 b
2
Applying
2 2 2 2
=2 × ( 15 ! ) ( 16 ! ) (17 !) c c a +b

P a g e | 52
 ¿−2 [ −c ( b a −0 ) + b ( 0−a c ) ]
2 2 2
¿4 a b c 2 2 2 2 2 2

∴ k a2 b2 c 2=4 a2 b2 c 2 ⇒ k=4 ¿−2 [− 2 a2 b 2 c 2 ]=4 a 2 b 2 c 2

137 (a) 141 (c)

| |
We have,
p b c

| |
y+z x y We have, p+ a q +b 2 c =0
z+x z x a b r
x+ y y z

| || |
p b c p b c

| |
2 ( x+ y + z ) x+ y + z x+ y + z ⇒ p b c + a q c =0
Applying
¿ z+ x z x a b r a b r
R 1 → R 1+ R 2+ R 3
x+ y y z

| |
p b c

| |
2 1 1 ⇒ 0+ a q c =0
¿ ( x + y + z ) z+ x z x a b r
x+ y y z
⇒ p ( qr −bc )−b ( ar −ac )−c ( ab−aq )=0

| |
0 1 1 ⇒− pqr + pbc+ + acq=0
¯
¿( x+ y+z) 0 z x Applying C 1 → C1 −C2−C 3 On simplifying, we get
x −z y z p q r
+ + =2
Hence, the repeating factor is (z−x ) p−a q−b r−c

138 (d) 142 (d)

| | | |
2
4+ x −6 −2 a+b+2 c a b
−6 9+ x
2
3 Let ∆= c 2a +b+c b
−2 3 1+ x
2 c a a+2 b+ c
Applying C 1 → C1 +C 2+C 3
¿ ( 4+ x 2 ) [ ( 1+ x 2 )( 9+ x 2 )−9]

| |
2(a+b+ c) a b
+6 [−6 ( 1+ x ) + 6 ]−2 [−18+ 2(9+ x )]
2 2
¿ 2(a+b+ c) 2a+ b+c b
¿ ( 4+ x 2 ) ( 10 x2 + x 4 ) −36 x 2−4 x2 2(a+b+ c) a a+2 b+ c
2 4 4 6 2

| |
¿ 40 x +4 x +10 x + x −40 x
1 a b
¿ x 4 ( x 2+ 14 ) ¿ 2 ( a+b +c ) 1 2 a+b +c b
Which is not divisible by x 5 . 1 a a+ 2b +c

| |
139 (d) 0 −(a+ b+c ) 0
Since, for x=0 , the determinant reduces to the =2(a+b+ c) 0 (a+ b+c ) −(a+ b+c )
determinant of a skew-symmetric matrix of odd 1 a a+ 2b+ c
order which is always zero. Hence, x=0 is the
solution of the given equation. ( R1 → R 1−R2
R2 → R 2−R3 )
| |
140 (c) 0 −1 0
3

| |
¿ 2 ( a+b +c ) 0 1 −1
b 2+ c 2 a2 a2 1 a a+2 b+ c
2 2 2 2
b c +a b 3
2 2 2 2 ¿ 2 ( a+b +c )
c c a +b

| |
0 c2 b2 143 (c)
¿−2 b2 c2 + a2 b
2
[R 1 → R1−( R 2+ R 3) ] Since, −1 ≤ x <0
c
2
c
2 2
a +b
2 ∴ [ x ] =−1
Also, 0 ≤ y <1⇒ [ y ] =0

| |(
0 c2 b2
¿−2 b2 a2 0
2
c 0 a
2
R 2 → R 2−R1
R3 → R 3−R1 ) and 1 ≤ z <2 ⇒ [ z ] =1
∴ Given determinant becomes

P a g e | 53
 | |
| |
0 0 1 1
a2 bc

| |
−1 1 1 =1=[ z] a
−1 0 2 1 a3 abc
1 1
Given that, b2 ca = 3
1 b abc
b abc
144 (b) 1 1 c 3 abc
2
For singular matrix, c ab
c

[ ]
−x x 2

| |
2 x − x =0 1 a3 1
abc 3
x −2 − x ¿ 1 b 1
abc 3
Applying C 2 → C2 +C 1 , C 3 → C3 +C 1 1 c 1

| |
−x 0 2−x ¿0
⇒ 2 2+ x 2−x =0 ¿ columns C 1 and C 3 are same)
x x−2 0
148 (b)

| |
−x 0 1

| |
⇒ (2−x ) 2 2+ x 1 =0 x −6 −1
Given that, 2 −3 x x−3 =0
x x−2 0
−3 2 x x +2
Applying R2 → R2 −R 1

| |
x −6 −1

| |
−x 0 1 ⇒ 5 −5 x −5 =0 (R2 → R 2−R3)
⇒ ( 2−x ) 2+ x 2+ x 0 =0 −3 2 x x +2
x x−2 0

| |
x −6 −1

| |
−x 0 1 ⇒ 5 1 −x −1 =0
⇒(2−x ¿ ( 2+ x ) 1 1 0 =0 −3 2 x x +2
x x−2 0
⇒ x (−x 2−2 x+2 x )−1 (−6 x−12+2 x )−3 ( 6−x )=0
⇒ ( 2−x )( 2+ x ) ( x−2−x )=0 3
⇒ x=2 ,−2 ⇒−x + 7 x−6=0
3
∴ Given ¿ non−singular for all x other than 2∧−2 ⇒ x −7 x +6=0
. ⇒ ( x−1 )( x−2 ) ( x+ 3 )=0
⇒ x=1 , 2 ,−3
146 (c) ∴ Option (b) is correct.

| | | |
1
a a +1 a−1 a+1 b+1 c−1
n
−b b +1 b−1 + (−1 ) a−1 b−1 c +1 149 (a)

| |
c c−1 c+1 a −b c a2 b2 c2

| | | |
2 2 2
a a+ 1 a−1 a+1 a−1 a ( a+1 ) ( b+1 ) ( c +1 )
n
¿ −b b+ 1 b−1 + (−1 ) b+1 b−1 −b 2 2
( a−1 ) ( b−1 ) ( c−1 )
2

c c−1 c+1 c−1 c+1 c

Applying R2 → R2 −R 3

| | | | | |
a a+1 a−1 a+ 1 a a−1
n+1 a2 b2 c2
¿= −b b+1 b−1 + (−1 ) b+ 1 −b b−1
¿ 4a 4b 4c
c c−1 c +1 c−1 c c+1
( a−1 ) ( b−1 ) ( c−1 )2
2 2

C 2 ↔ C3

| n+2

|
a a+1 a−1
¿(1+ (−1 ) ) −b b +1 b−1
c c−1 c+ 1
¿4 a
|a2 b2
b
c2
c
( a−1 ) ( b−1 ) ( c−1 )2
2 2 |
This is equal to zero only, if n+2 is odd ie , n is an Applying R3 → R 3−(R 1−2 R 2)

| |
odd integer. a
2
b
2 2
c
¿4 a b c
147 (d)
1 1 1

151 (a)

P a g e | 54
 | || |
x x2 1 x x2 x3
Given, A=
12
[ 3 5] ⇒ y
z
2
y 1+ y
2
z 1 z
y
z
2

2
z
3
y =0
3

⇒| A|=5−6=−1

| | | |
x x2 1 1 x x2
∴|A 2009 −5 A 2008|=| A2008|∨ A−5 I ∨¿ ⇒ y 2 2
y 1 + xyz 1 y y =0
¿ (−1 )
2008
|[ ] [ ]|
12 − 5 0
35 05
z
2
z 1 1 z z
2

| |
1 x x2
| |
¿ −4 2 =−6
30
⇒ ( 1+ xyz ) 1 y
1 z
2
y =0
z
2

152 (b) ⇒ 1+ xyz =0

| |
−2 −16 −78 ⇒ xyz =−1
f ( 1 ) = −4 −48 −496 =2928
1 2 3 156 (a)

| | | |
0 0 0 [e ] [π] [ π 2−6 ]
f ( 3 )= −2 −32 −392 =0 [π ] [π 2−6] [e]
2
1 2 3 [π −6] [e ] [π ]

| | | |
2 32 294 2 3 3
and f ( 5 )= 0 0 0 =0 ¿3 3 2
1 2 3 3 2 3
∴ f ( 1 ) . f ( 3 ) +f ( 3 ) . f ( 5 ) + f (5 ) . f (1) ¿ 2 ( 9−4 )−3 ( 9−6 ) +3(6−9)
¿ f ( 1 ) .0+0+ f ( 1 ) .0=0=f ( 3 ) or f (5) ¿ 10−9−9
¿−8
153 (d)

| |
1 a b+c 157 (b)
∆=( x +a+ b+c ) 1 b c+ a [C 1 → C1 +C 2+ C3 ] We have,

| |
1 c a+ b a b a x+ b

| |
1 1 b+c ∆= b c b x+ c
¿ ( x +a+b +c ) (a+ b+c ) 1 1 c+ b a x +b b x +c 0

| |
1 1 a+b a b a x+ b
¿ 0 [C 2 → C2 +C 3 ] ⇒ ∆= b c b x +c ,
0 0 −( a x +2 b x +c )
2
Hence , x may have any value.

154 (c)
[ Applying R3 → R 3−x
R 1−R2 ]
| |
1 k −1
2 2
It has a non-zero solution, if 3 −k −1 =0 ⇒ ∆=(b −ac)(a c +2 b x +c )
1 −3 1 ∴ ∆=0
2 2
⇒ 1 (−k −3 )−k ( 3+ 1 )−1 (−9+k )=0 ⇒ b =ac or, a x +2 b x+ c=0
⇒−6 k + 6=0 ⇒ a ,b , c are in G.P. or, x is a root of the equation
2
⇒ k=1 a x +2 b x+ c=0

155 (a) 158 (d)

| |
x x 2 1+ x3 All statements are false.
2 3
Given, y y 1+ y =0 159 (b)
2 3
z z 1+ z Applying C 3 → C3 −C1 ,we get

P a g e | 55
 | |
π/2 π/2
1 α α 2−1 −1
∴ ∫ ∆ x dx= ∫ sin 2 x dx
∆= cos ( p−d ) a cos pa 0 0 2 0

[ ]
sin ( p−d ) a sin pa 0 1 −cos 2 x
π /2
−1
¿− =
¿ ( α −1 ) {sin pa cos ( p−d ) a−cos pa sin ( p−d ) a }
2 2 2 0 2
¿ ( α 2−1 ) sin ⁡{−( p−d ) a+ pa } 163 (c)
⇒ ∆=( α 2−1 ) sin da For the non-trivial solution, we must have

| |
Which is independent of p. 1 a a
b 1 b =0
160 (c)
c c 1

| |
a+ x a−x a−x

| |
1−a 0 a
Given, a−x a+ x a−x =0
a−x a−x a+ x
⇒ b−1 1−b b =0
0 c−1 1
Applying C 1 → C1−C 2 ;
C2 →C 2−C 3 [ ]
Applying C 1 → C1 +C 2+C 3 and taking common
⇒ ( 1−a ) [ ( 1−b )−b ( c−1 ) ] + a ( b−1 )( c−1 )=0
(3 a−x)from C 1 ,we get
1 b a

| |
1 a−x a−x ⇒ + + =0
c−1 b−1 a−1
( 3 a−x ) 1 a+ x a−x =0
1 a−x a+ x ⇒ ( 1
c−1
+1 +
b
)
+
b−1 a−1
a
=1

| |
1 a−x a−x
⇒ ( 3 a−x ) 0 2 x
0 0
R → R 2−R1
0 =0 2
2x R3 → R3 −R1 [ ] ⇒
c
+
c−1 b−1 a−1
a
b

b
+
a

c
=1

⇒ ( 3 a−x ) ( 4 x 2 )=0 ⇒ + + =−1

1−a 1−b 1−c
⇒ x=3 a ,0
164 (d)
161 (a) Given system equations are
Since, the given equations are consistent. 3 x−2 y + z=0

| |
2 3 1 λx−14 y+ 15 z=0∧x +2 y−3 z=0
∴ 3 1 −2 =0 The system of equations has infinitely many (non-
a 2 −b trivial solutions, if ∆=0 .

| |
⇒ 2 (−b+ 4 )−3 (−3 b+2 a )+1 ( 6−a )=0 3 −2 1
⇒−2 b+8+ 9 b−6 a+6−a=0 ⇒ ∆= λ −14 15 =0
⇒ 7 b−7 a=−14 1 2 −3
⇒ a−b=2 ⇒ 3 ( 42−30 )− λ ( 6−2 )+ 1 (−30+14 )=0
⇒ 36−4 λ−16=0
162 (d)
⇒ λ=5

| |
1 cos x 1−cos x
Given, ∆ ( x )= 1+sin x cos x 1+ sin x−cos x 166 (c)

| |
sin x sin x 1 sin x
cos x cos x
Applying C 3 → C3 +C 2−C 1 Since, cos x sin x cos x =0

| |
1 cos x 0 cos x cos x sin x
¿ 1+sin x cos x 0 ⇒ sin x ¿ ¿
sin x sin x 1 +cos x ¿ ¿
¿ cos x−cos x (1+sin x) ⇒ sin x ¿ ¿
¿−cos x sin x ⇒¿
1 ⇒¿
¿− sin 2 x +¿
2
⇒ ¿0
⇒¿

P a g e | 56
 ⇒ Either¿ 3
¿ 8 cos θ−4 cos θ+6
or sin x +2 cos x ¿=0 ¿
⇒Either tan x=1∨tan x=−2 171 (b)
π We have,

| |
⇒Either x= ∨tan x=−2
4 12 22 3 2

As x ∈
−π π
4 4 [ ]
, , tan x ∈ [ −1 , 1 ]
∆= 2 2 32 42
2
3 4 5
2 2

| |
π 1 3 5
Hence, real solution is only x=
4 ⇒ ∆= 4 5 7
9 7 9
167 (a)
ApplyingC 2 → C 2−C1 ∧C3 →C 3−C 2
Applying R1 → R1 + R3 −2 R 2 , we get

| | | |
1 3 2
0 0 0 x+ z −zy
⇒ ∆= 4 5 2 ApplyingC 3 →C 3−C 2
∆= 4 5 6 y
9 7 2
567 z

| |
xyz 0 1 3 1

| |
⇒ ∆=2 4 5 1
4 5 6
¿−( x+ z −2 y ) 5 6 7 [ Expanding along R 1 ] 9 7 1

| |
x y z 1 3 1

| |
⇒ ∆=2 3 2 0
0 −1 6
¿−( x+ z −2 y ) 0 −1 7 8 4 0
x−2 y + z y −z z Applying R 2 → R 2−R1 , R 3 → R3−R1

[ ]
Applying C 1 → C1 +C 3 ⇒ ∆=2 ×−4=−8
−2 C 2∧C 2 → C2−C 3 172 (a)
¿−( x+ z −2 y )
2
|−1
−1 7|
6
=( x−2 y+ z )
2 We have,

| |
x a b
a x b
169 (c) a b x
We have, a=1+2+4 +8+.. . upton terms

| |[
x a b
( )
Applying R2 → R2 −R1
]
n
2 −1 n ¿ a−x x−a 0
¿1 =2 −1 R3 → R 3−R1
2−1 a−x b−a x−b

| |
n
3 −1 x a b
b=1+3+9+.. . upto n terms=
2 ¿ ( x−a ) −1 1 0
n
5 −1 a−x b−a x −b
and c=1+5+ 25+¿… upto n terms=

| |
4
x+ a+b a b

| || |
a 2b 4 c 2n−1 3n−1 5n−1 ¿ ( x−α ) 0 1 0
∴ 2 2 2 =2 1 1 1 0 b−a x−b
n n n n n n
2 3 5 2 3 5
[ Applying
]
| |
2 3 5 n n n C1 →C 1+ C2 +C 3
¿2 1 1 1 [R 1 → R1 + R2 ] ¿(x −a)(x +a+b)(x −b) [Expanding along C 1]
n n n
2 3 5
¿ 2 ×0=0 ¿ two rows are identical] 173 (c)
We have,

| |
170 (d) [ x ] +1 [ y ] [z ]

| |
c10 ∆= [ x ] [ y ] +1 [ z ]
Let ∆= 1c 1 =c ( c −1 )−1(c−6)
2
[ x] [ y ] [ z ] +1
61c

P a g e | 57
 | |[ | || |
1 0 −1 a −b −c a b c
⇒ ∆= 0 1 −1
[ x ] [ y ] [ z ] +1
Applying R1 → R1 −R 3
R 2 → R 2−R3 ] ⇒ c −a −b =k c a b
b −c −a b c a

| || |
⇒ ∆= [ z ] +1+ [ y ] + [ x ] =[ x ] + [ y ] + [ z ] +1 a b c a b c
Since maximum values of [ x ] ,[ y ] and [ z] are 1, 0 ⇒ 2 c a b =k c a b
and 2 respectively b c a b c a
∴ Maximum value of ∆=2+1+0+1=4 ∴ k=2

174 (c) 178 (b)

| |
We have, a1 1

| |
a 2b 2c Let ∆= 1 b 1 =abc−( a+ b+c ) +2
3 b c =0 11 c
4 a b ∵ ∆> 0⇒ abc+ 2>a+b +c

| |
1 /3
a−6 0 0 ⇒ a bc+2>3 ( abc )

[ ]
⇒ 3 b c =0 Applying R 1 → R 1−2 R 2 a+b+ c
∵ AM > GM ⇒ > ( abc )1 /3
4 a b 0
⇒ ( a−6 ) ( b2−ac ) =0 ⇒b 2=ac ⇒ b3=abc 3
⇒ x +2>3 x , where x=( abc )
1 /3

3 2
⇒ x −3 x +2>0 ⇒ ( x−1 ) ( x +2)>0
176 (d)

| |
1 /3
a b 0 ⇒ x +2>0 ⇒ x >−2 ⇒ ( abc ) >−2
We have, ∆ ≡ 0 a b =0 ⇒ abc>−8
b 0 a
179 (a)
⇒ ∆ ≡a ( a2−0 ) −b ( 0−b 2) =a3 + b3 Applying R3 → R 3−R1 ( cos β )+ R 2 (sin β)

()
| |
3
3 3 a cos α −sin α 1
⇒ a +b =0⇒ =−1
b sin α cos α 1
∴
a
b()is one of the cube roots of −1.
0 0 1+sin β−cos β
¿ ( 1+sin β−cos β ) ¿
¿ 1+sin β−cos β , which is independent of α
177 (b)
We have, 180 (d)

| || |
b+c c +a a+ b a b c Given, A=B−1 AB
a+b b+ c c+ a =k c a b ⇒ BA=AB
c+ a a+b b+c b c a
∴ det ( B−1 AB )=det ( B−1 BA ) =det ⁡( A)
Applying C 1 ← C1 +(C2 +C 3) on LHS, we have

| || |
2 ( a+b+ c ) c +a a+ b 181 (d)
a b c
⇒ 2 ( a+b+ c ) b+ c c+ a =k c a b Given, matrix is singular.

| |
2 ( a+b+ c ) a+b b +c b c a 0 1−2
Therefore, −1 0 3 =0

| || |
a +b+ c c+ a a+b a b c λ−3 0
⇒ 2 a +b+ c b+c c +a =k c a b
⇒+ 1 ( 0−6 )+ λ ( 3 )=0
a +b+ c a+c b+ c b c a
⇒−6+3 λ=0
Applying C 2 → C2−C 1 ,C 3 → C 3−C 1 on LHS, we ⇒ λ=2
have

| || |
a +b+ c −b −c a b c 182 (a)
⇒ 2 a +b+ c −a −b =k c a b We have,
a +b+ c −c −a b c a
Applying C 1 → C1 +C 2+C 3 on LHS, we have

P a g e | 58
 | |
456x 2008
¿ [2+ ( 2008−1 ) 2]
2
| A|= 5 6 7 y
678 z ¿ 2008 ( 2008 )= ( 2008 )
2

x yz0

| |
186 (b)
4 5 6 x

| |
1 ω ω2
⇒| A|= 12 14 2 y [Applying R2 →2 R2]
10
2
6 7 8 z ω ω 1
x y z 0 2
ω 1 ω

| |
456x Applying C 1 → C1 +C 2+C 3

| |
⇒| A|= 0 0 0 0 [Applying R2 → R2 −(R1 + R3 )] 1+ω +ω 2 ω ω2
678z
x y z0 ¿ 1+ω +ω 2 ω2 1 ( ∵ 1+ ω+ ω2=0)
2
1+ω +ω 1 ω
⇒| A|=0 [ ∵ 2 y=x + z ]
183 (c)
Putting r =1, 2 , 3 , … ,n and using the formula
( n+1 ) n
|
0 ω ω2
¿ 0 ω2 1
0 1 ω
|
∑ 1=n∧∑ r= 2 ¿0

∑ (2 r −1 )=1+3+5+...=n2 187 (a)

| | | |
n n n n 1 ωn ω2 n
∴ ∑ ∆ r=¿ n(n+1) n 2+ n+ 1 n2 +n =56 ¿
n 2n
Given, ∆= ω ω 1
2n n
r=1
n
2
n
2 2
n +n+ 1 ω 1 ω
Applying C 1 → C1−C 3 ,C 2 → C 2−C3 ¿ 1 ( ω3 n −1 )−ω n ( ω2 n−ω2 n ) +ω 2 n(ωn −ω4 n)

| |
0 0 n ¿ 1 ( 1−1 )−0+ ω2 n ( ω n−ω n ) [ ∵ ω 3−1]
0 1
2
n +n ¿0
2
−n−1 −n−1 n +n+1
188 (a)

| || |
⇒ n ( n+ 1 )=56
2
1 1 1 1 0 0
⇒ n + n−56=0 Given, ∆= a b c = a a−b a−c
⇒ ( n+ 8 ) ( n−7 )=0 3
a b c
3 3 3 3 3
a a −b a −c
3 3

⇒ n=7(n≠−8) [C2 →C 1−C 2 , C 3 → C1−C 3 ]

| |
184 (a) 1 0 0

| || |
¿ ( a−b )(a−c) a 1 1
1 a a2−bc 0 a−b ( a−b ) (a+b +c) 3 2 2 2 2
a a + ab+b a +ac +c
1 b b2−ac = 0 b−c (b−c)(a+ b+c )
2 2
1 c c 2−ab 1 c c 2−ab ¿ ( a−b )( a−c ) (c +ac−ab−b )
¿ ( a−b )( b−c ) ( c−a ) (a+b +c)
( R1 → R 1−R2
R2 → R 2−R3 ) 189 (c)

| |
0 1 a+ b+c We have,

| |
¿ ( a−b )( b−c ) 0 1 a+ b+c =0 ¿ are identical) b +c a a
2
1 c c −ab ∆= b c+ a b
c c a +b

| |
185 (c)
2 ( b +c ) 2 ( c +a ) 2 ( a+b )
∵ det ( M r )=r 2−( r −1 )2=2 r−1 ⇒ ∆= b c +a b
∴ det ( M 1 ) +det ( M 2 ) +...+det ⁡(M 2008 ) c c a+b
¿ 1+3+5+...+ 4015 Applying R 1 → R 1
+2 R 2+ R 3

P a g e | 59
 | | | |
b +c c +a a+ b 1 0 0
⇒ ∆=2 b c +a b ⇒ ( a+b+ c−x ) c b−x−c a−c =0
c c a+ b b a−b c−x−b

| |
b +c c +a a+ b ⇒ ( a+b+ c−x ) [ 1 ( b− x−c )( c−x−b )−( a−c )( a−b ) ] =0
⇒ ∆=2 −c 0 −a ⇒ ( a+b+ c−x ) [ bc− xb−b −xc + x + bx−c + cx +bc−( a −
2 2 2 2

−b −a 0
⇒ ( a+b+ c−x ) [ x −a −b −c + ab+bc +ca ]=0
2 2 2 2
Applying R 2 → R 2−R1 , 2 2 2 2
R 3 → R3−R 1 ⇒ x=a+b+ c∨x =a +b + c + ab+bc +ca
2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2
⇒ ∆=2 { ( b+c ) ( 0−a )− ( c+ a ) ( 0−ab ) + ( a+ b ) ( ac−0 ) }
2 ⇒ x=0∨x =a + b +c + (a + b +c )
2

√
2
⇒ ∆=2 {−a ( b+ c )+ ab ( c +a )+ ac (a+b) } 3 2 2 2
2 2 2 2 ⇒ x=0∨x=± (a + b +c )
⇒ ∆=2(−a b−a c+ a bc+ a b+a c +abc ) 2
⇒ ∆=4 abc
192 (d)
190 (d) We have,

| || | ( )
log 5 729 log 3 5 log 3 3 log 3 5
6 1 1 1
= ∆=abc 1+ + + =abc ×0
log 5 27 log 9 25 log 5 3 log 3 5 2
3 a b c
2

| |
6 log 5 3 log 3 5 193 (a)
¿ 2 Applying R1 → R1 + R3 ,we get
3 log 5 3 log 3 5

| |
2 1−i ω2 +ω ω 2−1
¿ 6 log5 3 log 3 5−3 log 5 3 log 3 5 1−i −1
2
ω −1 =0
¿ 6−3=3 −i −1+ω−i −1

And | =
||
log 3 5 log 27 5 log 3 5 log 3 5
log 5 9 log 5 9 log 5 32 log 5 3 2
3

| ¿, so R1and R2become identical]

194 (a)

| | | |
1
¿
log 3 5
3
log 5 N ∑n 1 5

2 log 5 3
3
2 log 5 3
∑ U n= ∑ n2 2 N +1 2 N +1
n =1
∑ n3 3N
2
3N

| |
2
¿ 2 log 5 3 log 3 5− log 5 3 log 3 5
3 N (N +1)
1 5
2 4 2
¿ 2− =
3 3 N ( N + 1 ) (2 N + 1)
¿ 2 N +1 2 N +1
Now, 6

| | | ( )
2
log 5 729 log 3 5 log 3 5 log 27 5 4 N ( N +1 )
=3. =4 3 N2 3N
log 5 27 log 9 25 log 5 9 log 5 9 3 2

| |
Take option(d),
6 1 5
log 3 5. log 5 81=log 3 81=log 3 3 =4
4 N ( N +1)
¿ 4 N +2 2 N +1 2 N +1
12 2
3 N ( N +1) 3 N 3N
191 (c)

| |
a−x c b Applying C 3 → C3 +C 2

| |
Given, c b−x a =0 6 1 6
N ( N +1)
b a c−x ¿ 4 N +2 2 N +1 4 N +2
12 2
Applying R1 → R1 + R2 + R3 3 N ( N +1) 3 N 3 N (N + 1)

| |
1 1 1 ¿ 0 ¿two columns are identical)
⇒ ( a+b+ c−x ) c b−x a =0
b a c−x 195 (c)

P a g e | 60
 [ ]
215 342 511

| | | |
6 7 8 1 ω −ω /2 1 ω ω
2 2

36 49 54 −1
1 1 1 = 1 1 −2
2
¿ 215 ( 378−392 )−342 ( 324−288 ) +511 ( 294−252 ) 1 −1 0 1 −1 0

| |
¿−3010−12312+21462=6140 1+ω+ ω ω ω
2 2

Which is exactly divisible by 20 1

¿− 0 1 −2
2
0 −1 0
196 (a)
(C ¿ ¿ 1→ C1 +C 2+ C3 )¿
det ( A −1 adj A )=det ( A−1 ) det ⁡(adj A)

| |
2
¿¿ 0 ω ω
1
¿− 0 1 −2 ( ∵ 1+ ω+ ω2=0)
197 (d) 2
0 −1 0

| |
1 sin θ 1 ¿0
A= −sinθ 1 sin θ
−1 −sinθ 1 201 (a)

| || |
¿1¿ log e log e 2 log e3 log e 2 log e 3 log e
2 3 4
¿2¿ log e log e log e = 2 log e 3 log e 4 log e
3 4 5
Since, the maximum and minimum value of sin2 θ log e log e log e 3 log e 4 log e 5 log e

| || |
is 1 and 0. 12 3 11 1
∴|A|∈[2, 4] ¿ 2 3 4 = 21 1
3 4 5 31 1
198 (d)
(Using C 2 → C2−C 1 ,C 3 → C 3−C 2 ¿
Since, the first column consists of sum of two
terms, second column consists of sum of three ¿ 0 ¿two columns are identical]
terms and third column consists of sum four
202 (b)

| |
terms.
∴ n=2 ×3 × 4=24 √13+ √3 2 √5 √5
√15+ √ 26 5 √10
199 (c) 3+ √ 65 √15 5
Given ,a 1 , a2 , a3 , … ∈GP

| || |
⇒ log a1 , log a2 , … ∈ AP √13 2 √5 √5 √ 3 2 √ 5 √5
⇒ log an , log an+1 , log an +2 ,… ∈AP ¿ √ 16 5 √10 + √ 15 5 √10
log an +log an +2 √ 65 √15 5 3 √ 15 5
⇒ log an+1= …(i)
2

| |
log an +3+ log an +5 1 2 3
Similarly, log a n+4 =¿ ¿ …
2 ¿ √ 13 . √ 5 . √ 5 √ 2 √5 √2
(ii) √5 √3 √5

| |
log a n+6 + log an+ 8
and log a n+7= …(ii) 1 2 3
2 + √ 3. √ 5 . √ 5 √ 5 √5 √2

| |
log a n log an+1 log a n+2 √3 √3 √5
Given, ∆= log an+ 3 log a n+4 log a n+5

| |
log an+6 log a n+7 log a n+8 −1 2 1
C 1+C 3 ¿ 0+5 √ 3 0 √5 √ 2 =5 √ 3(√ 6−5)
Applying C 2 → C2−
2 0 √3 √5

| |
log a n 0 log an +2
204 (d)
∆= log an+ 3 0 log an +5 =0
We can write ∆=∆1+ y 1 ∆2 , where
log an+6 0 log an +8

200 (a)
P a g e | 61
 | | | |
1 1+ x 1 y 2 1+ x 1 y 3 x 1+sin x cos x
∆ 1= 1 1+ x 2 y 2 1+ x 2 y 3 Given , f ( x )= 1 log (1+ x ) 2
2 2
1 1+ x 3 y 2 1+ x 3 y3 x 1+ x 0

| |
¿ x {−2 ( 1+ x ) }−¿
2
x 1 1+ x 1 y 2 1+ x 1 y 3
∆ =
and 2 x 2 1+ x 2 y 2 1+ x 2 y 3
3 2 2 2 2
¿−2 x−2 x +2 x +2 x sin x +cos x {1+ x −x log (1+ x)}
x 3 1+ x 3 y 2 1+ x 3 y 3 ∴ Coefficient of x∈ f ( x )=−2.
In ∆ 1, use C 2 → C2−C 1∧C 3 → C 3−C1 so that,
211 (c)

| |
1 x1 y 2 x 1 y 3 Clearly, the degree of the given determinant is 3.
∆ 1= 1 x2 y 2 x 2 y3 =0 ¿ are proportional) So, there cannot be more that 3 linear factors.
1 x 3 y 2 x 3 y3 Thus, the other factor is a numerical constant. Let
In ∆ 2, C 2 → C2− y 2 C 1 and C 3 → C3 − y 3 C 1 to get it be λ . Then,

| | | |
x1 1 1 −2 a a+ b a+ c
b+a −2 b b+ c =λ (a+b)(b+c )(c +a)
∆ 2= x 2 1 1 =0 ¿ are identical)
c+ a c+ b −2 c
x3 1 1
Putting a=0 , b=1 and c=1 on both sides, we get

| |
∴ ∆=0 0 1 1
206 (c) 1 −2 2 =λ × 1× 2× 1⇒ 2 λ⇒ λ=4

| |
2
1 2 −2
b −ab b−c bc−ac
Let ∆= ab−a2 a−b b2 −ab 212 (b)
2
bc −ac c−a ab−a We have,

| | | |
b b−c c 1 ω2 ω 5
¿ ( b−a )(b−a) a a−b b ω
3
1 ω
4

c c−a a 5
ω ω
4
1

| | | |
b b c 1 1 ω2
2
¿ ( a−b ) a a b (C 2 → C2 +C 3) ¿ 1 1 ω
c c a 2
ω ω 1
¿ 0 ¿ two columns are same)
¿ 2−( ω2−ω ) =2−(−1 )=3
208 (d)

| |
213 (b)
x +1 ω ω2
2 Applying C 1 → C1 +C 2+C 3 and taking common (
ω x +ω 1
2 a+ b+c ¿from C 1, we get
ω 1 x +ω

| |
1bc

| |
x +1+ω+ ω2 ω ω2 (a+ b+c ) 1 c a
¿ x +1+ω+ ω2 x +ω 2 1 C 1 → C1 +C 2+C 3 ¿ 1a b
2
x +1+ω+ ω 1 x +ω Applying R2 → R2 −R 1and R3 → R 3−R1, we get

| |
ω2
| |
1 ω 1 b c
¿ x 1 x +ω2 1 ¿ (a+ b+c ) 0 c−b a−c
1 1 x+ ω 0 a−b b−c
2
¿ x ¿ ( x +ω ¿ }+ω2 {1−( x+ ω2 ) }¿ ¿ ( a+ b+c ) {−( c−b ) −( a−b )( a−c ) }
2 2 2
¿ x¿ ¿−( a+b +c ) {a +b + c −ab−bc−ca }
3 3
¿ x ( ∵ ω =1) =
−1
( a+ b+c ) {2 a2 +2 b2 +2 c 2−2 ab−2bc −2 ac }
210 (b) 2

P a g e | 62
 1 2 2 2 214 (c)
¿− ( a+b+ c ) { a−b ) + ( b−c ) + ( c−a ) }
2 In a ∆ ABC , we have
Which is always negative. a b c
= =
sin A sin B sin C
⇒ b sin A=a sin B c sin A=a sin C

| |
2
a b sin A c sin A
∴ b sin A 1 cos A
c sin A cos A 1

| |
2
a a sin B a sin C
¿ a sin B 1 cos A
a sinC cos A 1

| |
1 sin B sin C
2
¿ a sin B 1 cos A ¿ ¿ R 1∧C 1 both ¿
sin C cos A 1
¿ a 2 {( 1−cos 2 A ) −sin B ( sin B−cos A sin C )+ sinC (sin B co
2 2 2 2
¿ a {sin A−sin B+ 2sin B sin C cos A−sin C }
¿ a 2 {sin ( A+ B ) sin( A−B)−sin2 C+2 cos A sin B sin C }
¿ a [ sin C { sin ( A−B )−sinC } +2 cos A sin B sin C ]
2

¿ a [ sin C { sin( A−B)−sin ( A+ B) } +2 cos A sin B sin C ]

2

¿ a [ sin C ×−2 cos A sin B+2 cos A sin B sin C ] =0

2

215 (b)

| | | || |
a a 2 1+a3 a a 2 1 a a2 a 3
2 3 2 2 3
b b 1+b = b b 1 + b b b =0
2 3 2 2 3
c c 1+c c c 1 c c c

| | | |
a a2 1 a a2 1
⇒ b b2 1 + abc b b 2 1 =0
2 2
c c 1 c c 1

| |
a a2 1
⇒ ( 1+ abc ) b b 2 1 =0
2
c c 1

[| |]
2
a a 1
∴ b b2 1 ≠ 0
c c2 1
⇒ 1+ abc=0
⇒ abc=−1

216 (b)

| |
x +ω 2 ω 1
2
ω ω 1+ x =0
2
1 x+ ω ω
Applying C 1 → C1 +C 2+C 3

P a g e | 63
 | | | |
x ω 1 ( p−1 ) log R p 1
1+ x =0 ( ∴ 1+ω +ω =0 )
2 2
x ω ¿ ( q−1 ) log R q 1
2
x x +ω ω ( r−1 ) log R r 1

| |
⇒ x=0is one of the values of x which satisfy the p−1 p 1
above determinant equation. ¿ log R= q−1 q 1 [Applying
r −1 r 1
217 (a)
We have, C 1 → C1− ( log A ) C 3]

[ ] | |
456x 0 p 1
¿ log R 0 q 1 =0 [Applying C 1 → C1−C 2 +C3 ]
| A|= 5 6 7 y 0 r 1
678 z
x yz0
220 (c)

[ ]
0 0 0 x−2 y+ z We know that the sum of the products of the
Applying R 1 → R 1
⇒| A|= 5 6 7 y
elements of a row with the cofactors of the
678 z −2 R 2+ R3
corresponding elements is always equal to the
xyz 0
value of the determinant .ie ,| A|.

[ ][
0000
⇒| A|= 5 6 7 y
678 z
∵ x , y , z are∈ A . P .
∴ x−2 y + z=0 ] 221 (d)
∵ a , b , c , d , e and f are in GP.
xyz0 ∴ a=a , b=ar , c=a r 2 , d=a r 3 , e=a r 4and f =a r 5

| || |
⇒| A|=0 a2 d 2 x a2 a2 r 6 x
218 (a) ∴ b2 e2 2 2
y =a r a r
2 8
y

| |
2 2 2 4 2 10
−iα 2 −iα 2
c f z a r a r z
( e + e ) ( e −e ) 4
iα iα

| |
2 2 1 1 x
Given, ∆= ( e iβ + e−iβ ) ( e iβ −e−iβ ) 4 4 6
2 2
¿ a r r2 r2 y =0
( eiγ + e−iγ ) ( e iγ−e−iγ ) 4 4
r r
4
z
Applying C 1 → C1−C 2 Thus, the given determinant is independent of

| |
2 x , y and z .
4 ( e −e )
iα −iα
4
−iβ 2
¿ 4 ( e −e )
iβ
4 222 (a)

| |
−iγ 2
4 ( e iγ −e ) 4 1 log x y log x z
¿ 0 ¿ two columns are same) log y x 1 log y z
Hence, it is independent ofα , β∧γ . log z x log z y 1
¿1¿
219 (b)
+ log x z (log z y log y x−log z x )
Let A be the first term and R be the common ratio
of the GP. Then,
¿¿
p−1 + log x z ¿ ¿
a= A R ⇒ log a=log A + ( p−1 ) log R
q−1 ¿ ( 1−1 ) −0+0=0
b= A R ⇒ log b=log A+ ( q−1 ) log R
r−1
c= A R ⇒ log c=log A+ ( r −1 ) log R 223 (d)

| || |[
Now, 1 1 1 1 0 0
C →C 2−C 1
]
| |
log a p 1 1 1−x 1 = 1 −x 0 2
logb q 1 1 1 1+ y 1 0 y C3 →C 3−C 1
log c r 1 ¿−xy

224 (c)

P a g e | 64
 | || |
x y z x y z −1
⇒ sin 4 θ=
=
−x y z −x y z [R 3 → R3 + R2 ] 2
x −y z 0 0 2z
228 (a)
¿ 2 z ( xy + xy )=4 xyz

| |
On comparing with kxyz , we get k =4 a a2 a3 +1
Given determinant, ∆ ≡ b b2 b3 +1 =0
225 (b) 2 3
c c c +1
Applying R1 → R1 + R2 + R3 and taking common On splitting the determinant into two
(2 x+ 10) from R1 ,we get determinants, we get

| | | || |
1 1 1 1 a a2 1 a a2
( 2 x+10 ) 2 2 x 2 =0 ∆ ≡ abc 1 b b 2 + 1 b b 2 =0
7 6 2x 2
1 c c 1 c c
2

| |
1 0 0
⇒ ( 1+ abc ) [ 1 ( b c −c b ) −a ( c −b ) +a ( c−b ) ]=0
2 2 2 2 2
⇒ ( 2 x +10 ) 2 2 x−2 0 =0
7 −1 2 x −7 ⇒ ( 1+ abc ) [ ( a−b ) ( b−c ) ( c−a ) ] =0
Since a , b , c are different, the second factor
¿andC 2 → C2−C 1 ¿
cannot be zero.
⇒ ( 2 x +10 ) ( 2 x−2 )( 2 x−7 ) =0
Hence, 1+abc=0
7
⇒ x=−5 ,1 ,
2 229 (b)
7 We have,
Hence , other roots are 1 and or 1 and 3.5

| |
2 a a2−bc 1
2
226 (b) b b −ca 1
2
x
2
y
2
z
2 c c −ab 1
Let 2 =X , 2 =Y and 2 =Z

| || |
a b c a a 2 1 a −bc 1
Then the given system of equations becomes ¿ b b 2 1 + b −ca 1
X +Y −Z =1 , X −Y + Z=1 ,−X +Y + Z=1 c c 1 c −ab 1
2

[ ] | | | |
1 1 −1
a a2 1 a2 −abc a Applying R1 → R1 (a)
The coefficient matrix is A= 1 −1 1 1
¿ b b2 1 + 2
b −abc b R2 → R2 ( b ) , R3 → R3 (c)
−1 1 1 2 abc 2
c c 1 c −abc c ¿ the IInd determinant
Clearly, ¿ A∨≠ 0. So, the given system of

| || |
equations has a unique solution a a 2 1 a2 1 a
¿ b b 2 1 − b2 1 b
227 (c) 2 2
c c 1 c 1 c
Applying R1 → R1 + R2 ,we get

| | | || |
2 2 1 a a 2 1 a a2 1
¿ b b 2 1 − b b2 1 =0
cos θ =0
2 2 2
cos θ 1+cos θ 2 2
4 sin 4 θ 4 sin 4 θ 1+4 sin 4 θ c c 1 c c 1
Applying C 1 → C1−2 C 3 , C 2 → C2−2C 3 230 (d)

| |
0 0 1 Given that, x a y b=e m , x c y d=en
2 2 2

|mn bd|, ∆ =|ac mn|, ∆ =|ac db|

−cos θ 1−cos θ cos θ =0
−2−4 sin 4 θ −2−4 sin 4 θ 1+ 4 sin 4 θ and ∆ 1= 2 3

⇒¿ ⇒ a log x +b log y=m

⇒¿ ⇒ c log x +d log y=n
2 2
−2 cos θ−4 cos θ sin 4 θ ¿=0 ¿ By Cramer’s rule
⇒ 2+ 4 sin 4 θ=0 ∆1 ∆2
log x=¿ ∧log y= ¿
∆3 ∆3

P a g e | 65
 | || |
∆ 1/ ∆ 3 ∆2 /∆3
⇒ x=e ∧ y =e 4 ( a −a )
x −x 2
1 1 ( a −a )
x −x 2
1
−x 2 −x 2
231 (d) ¿ 4 ( b −b ) x
1 =4 1 ( b −b )
x
1 =0 ¿
2 2
Clearly, x=0 satifies the given equation 4 ( c x −c− x ) 1 1 ( c x −c−x ) 1
232 (c) two columns are identical)

| |
10 ! 11! 12! 235 (c)
Let ∆= 11! 12 ! 13! Given matrix is non-singular, then
12 ! 13 ! 14 !

| |
λ 10

| | 0 23 ≠0
1 11 11× 12
¿ 10 ! 11! 12! 1 12 12× 13 00 λ
1 13 13× 14 ⇒ λ (2 λ−0)≠ 0
Applying R2 → R2 −R 1∧R3 → R 3−R1 ⇒λ≠0

| |
1 11 11×12
¿ 10 ! 11! 12! 0 1 24 236 (d)

| |
0 2 50 a2 b2 c2
2 2 2
¿ ( 10 ! 11! 12! ) (50−48) Let ∆= ( a+1 ) ( b+1 ) ( c +1 )
2 2 2
¿ 2 ∙(10 ! 11! 12!) ( a−1 ) ( b−1 ) ( c−1 )
Applying R2 → R2 −R 3
233 (c)

|
sin x cos x cos x
We have, cos x sin x cos x =0
cos x cos x sin x | |
¿ 4a
a2 b2
4b
c2
4c
( a−1 ) ( b−1 ) ( c−1 )2
2 2 |
| |
Applying C 1 → C1 +C 2+C 3 a2 b2 c2

| |
sin x +2 cos x cos x cos x ¿4 a b c
⇒ sin x +2 cos x sin x cos x =0 ( a−1 ) ( b−1 ) ( c−1 )2
2 2

sin x +2 cos x cos x sin x Applying R3 → R 3−(R ¿ ¿1−2 R 2)¿

| | | |
1 cos x cos x ab c
2 2 2
⇒ ( 2 cos x +sin x ) 1 sin x cos x =0 =4 a b c
1 cos x sin x 1 11
Applying R2 → R2 −R 1 , R3 → R 3−R1 ∴ k=4

| |
1 cos x cos x
⇒ ( 2 cos x +sin x ) 0 sin x – cos x 0 =0237 (c)
2
0 0 sin x – cos x Let f ( x )=a0 x + a1 x +a 2
2
2
⇒ ( 2 cos x +sin x ) ( sin x – cos x ) =0 and g ( x )=b2 x + b1 x +b 2
2
∴ tan x=−2 , 1 But tan x ≠−2 ,because it does not Also, h ( x )=c 0 x + c1 x+ c 2

[ ]
| |
−π π f (x) g(x) h (x )
lie in the interval .
4, 4 Then, Δ ( x ) = 2 a0 x+ a1 2 b0 x +b1 2c 0 x+ c 1
∴ tan x=1 2 a0 2b 0 2 c0
π

| || |
So, x= f ( x ) g ( x ) h ( x ) f ( x ) g ( x ) h ( x)
4
¿ x 2 a0 2 b 0 2 c 0 + a1 b1 c1
234 (a) 2 a0 2 b 0 2 c 0 2 a0 2 b0 2 c0

| | | |
2 2
( ax +a− x ) ( a x −a−x ) 1 f (x ) g (x ) h ( x )
2 2
( bx +b−x ) ( b x −b−x ) 1 ¿ 0+2 a1 b1 c1
2 2
( c x +c −x ) ( c x −c− x ) 1 a0 b0 c0

Applying C 1 → C1−C 2 ¿ 2[ ( b 1 c 0−b0 c 1) f ( x ) −( a1 c 0−a 0 c1 ) g ( x )+ ( a1 b0−a0 b1 ) h ( x

P a g e | 66
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Hence, degree of Δ (x) ≤ 2 x 2+ x x+ 1 x−2
We have, 2 x 2+ 3 x−1 3x 3 x−3 = Ax−12
238 (d) 2
Applying C 1 → C1 +C 2+C 3 , we get x +2 x +3 2 x−1 2 x−1

| |
On putting x=1 on both sides, we get
2(x + y + z ) y + z z+ x

| |
x+ y+ z y z 2 2 −1
0 y−z z−x 4 3 0 = A−12
6 1 1

| |
2 y −z z + x
¿(x + y + z ) 1 Applying C 1 → C1−C 2
y z

| |
0 y −z z−x 0 2 −1
⇒ 1 3 0 = A−12
Applying R2 →2 R2−R 1
5 1 1

| |
2 y+ z z + x
¿(x + y + z ) 0 y −z z−x ⇒−2 ( 1 )+ (−1 ) (−14 )= A−12
0 y −z z−x ⇒ A=24
¿ 0 [ ∴ two rows are identical] 242 (a)

| |
239 (d) x +α β γ
x+β α =0

| |
We have, γ
1+ a 1+ ax 1+a x 2 α β x +γ
Given, f ( x )= 1+b 1+bx 1+ bx 2
2
Applying C 1 → C1 +C 2+C 3
1+b 1+cx 1+cx

| |
x + α + β +γ β γ

| |
1+a a( x−1) ax (x−1) ⇒ x + α + β +γ x+β α =0
⇒ f ( x ) = 1+b b( x−1) bx (x−1) x + α + β +γ β x +γ

| |
1+b c (x−1) cx ( x −1) 1 β γ

| |
1+a a a ⇒ ( x +α + β+ γ ) 1 x+ β α =0
¿ ( x−1 ) x (x−1) 1+b b b =0 1 β x+ γ
1+c c c Applying R2 → R2 −R 1∧R3 → R 3−R1

| |
(∴ two columns are same ¿
1 β γ
240 (c)
⇒ ( x +α + β+ γ ) 0 x α−γ =0
We have, 0 0 x

| |
3 2
x −14 x −x 3 x + λ ⇒ ( x +α + β+ γ ) ( x 2−0 )=0
4 3 2
a x + b x +c x +50 x +d= 4 x+1 3 x x−4 ⇒ x=0∨x=−(α + β+ γ )
−3 4 0
243 (b)
On differentiating with respect to x , we get
We have,

| || | ||
2 3 2
3 x −28 x −1 3 x −14 x 1 /a
−x 1 3 xbc+ λ
3 2
4 a x + 3 b x +2 cx +50= 4 x +1 3 x x−4 + 4∆= 1 /b3 1 ca 1
−3 4 0 −3 1/c4 1 ab 0

| |
Now, put x=0 , we get
1 a abc Applying R → R ( a ) ,

| || |
0 −1 3 0 0 λ 1
⇒ ∆= 1 b abc 1 1
abc
50= 1 0 −4 + 4 3 1 1 c abc R2 → R2 ( b )∧R 3 → R3 (c )
−3 4 0 −3 4 0

| |
1 a 1
⇒ 50=25 λ abc
⇒ ∆= 1 b 1 [Taking abc common from
⇒ λ=2 abc
1 c 1
241 (d) C 3]
abc
⇒ ∆= × 0=0
abc

244 (b)
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1+ a1 b1+ a21 b21 1+ a1 b2 +a21 b22 1+a1 b3 +a 21 b 23
−1
We have, ¿ A∨≠ 0. Therefore, A exists ∆= 1+ a2 b1+ a22 b21 1+ a2 b2 +a 22 b22 1+a2 b3 +a 22 b 23
Now, AB= AC
−1 −1 1+ a3 b1+ a23 b21 1+ a3 b2 +a32 b 22 1+a2 b3 +a 23 b 23
⇒ A ( AB )= A ( AC )

| | |
⇒ ( A−1 A ) B=( A−1 A ) C ⇒ B=C 1 a 1 a21 1 b1 b21
⇒ ∆= 1 a 2 a22 1 b2 b22
246 (c)
1 a3 a23 1 b3 b23
Applying C 3 → C3 −ω C 1 , we get
⇒ ∆=(a1 −a2 )(a2−a3 )(a3−a1 )( b1−b 2)(b2−b 3)(b 3−b 1)

| || |
a b ω 2 aω a
2
bω 0
2
bω c b ω = bω c 0 =0 254 (b)

| |
2 2
c ω aω c c ω aω 0 a1 b1 c1
Let A ≡ a2 b2 c 2 =5 ...(i)
247 (d)
a3 b3 c 3

| |
a+b a+2 b a+ 3 b

| |
a+2 b a+3 b a+ 4 b b2 c 3−b 3 c 2 c2 a3 −c 3 a2 c 2 b 3−c 3 b 2
a+4 b a+5 b a+ 6 b ∴ b3 c 1−b 1 c 3 c3 a 1−c 1 a 3 a 3 b 1−a1 b3

| |(
a+b a+2 b a+3 b b1 c 2−b 2 c 1 c 1 a 2−c 2 a 1 a 1 b 2−a2 b1
¿ b
2b
b
2b
b
R2 → R 2−R1
2b R3 → R 3−R2
) |adj A|=( 5 )3−1 [from Eq. (i)]
n−1
¿ 52=25 ( ∵|adj A|=| A| )
¿ 0 ¿ and R3 are proportional)
255 (b)
248 (c) Let a ≠ 0. Then,

| |
Applying R1 → R1 −( R2 + R3 ), we get
a3 +a x 2 ab ac

| |
0 −2 z −2 y 1 2 2 2
∆= a b b +x b c [Applying
y z+ x y a 2 2 2
a c bc c +x
z z x+ y
C 1 → a C1 ]
¿ 2 z ( xy + y 2− yz )−2 y ( yz−z 2−xz )

| |
a ( a + b +c + x )
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2 ab ac
¿ 2 xyz+ 2 y z−2 y z −2 y z+2 y z +2 xyz 1
⇒ ∆= b ( a + b +c + x ) b + x
2 2 2 2 2 2
bc
¿ 4 xyz a
c ( a +b + c + x )
2 2 2 2
bc c + x2
2

249 (b)
[Applying C 1 → C1 +b C 2+ c C 3]
We have,

| || || | | |
a ab ac
1 0 0 x b b x b b 1 2 2 2 2
d
( ) a x b +0 1 0+a x b
∆ = ⇒ ∆= ( a +b + c + x ) b b + x
2 2
bc
dx 1 a 2 2
a a x a a x 0 0 1 c bc c +x

| || || | | |
d x b x b x b a 0 0
⇒ (∆ )= + +
dx 1 a x a x a x
=3 ∆2 1 2 2 2 2
⇒ ∆= ( a +b + c + x ) b x 2 0 ,
a 2
c 0 x
251 (d)
[Applying C 2 → C2−b C1 ,C 3 →C 3−c C1 ]
Applying C 2 → C2−C 1 ,C 3 → C 3−C 2, we get
⇒ ∆=( a2 +b2 +c 2 + x 2 ) x 4

| |
1990 1 1
1991 1 1 =0 Clearly, ∆ is divisible by x 4
1992 1 1 If a=0 , then also it can be easily seen that ∆ is
divisible by x 4
253 (b)
We have, 256 (a)
We have,

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 | |
a−1 2 6 ¿ ( a−b )( b−c ) (c−a)
2 2
∆ a= ( a−1 ) 2 n 4 n−2
260 (b)
( a−1 ) 3 n 2 n2−3 n
3 3

| |
Since,
' 2
n ∆ ( 1 ) =0∧∆ (1 )=0 so , ( x −1 ) is a factor of ∆( x)
∑ (a−1) n 6
a =1
n n
261 (d)
∴ ∑ ∆ a ∑ ( a−1 ) 2
2n
2
4 n−2 On putting λ=0, we get

| |
a=1 a=1
n b 2+ c 2 a2 a2
∑ ( a−1 )3
2 2 2
3n
2
3 n −3 n
2
t= b 2 2
c +a
2 2
b =4 a b c
2 2 2 2
a=1
c c a +b

| |
n ( n−1 ) Clearly, it depends on a , b , c .
n 6
2
n 262 (c)
n ( n−1 ) ( 2 n−1 )

| |
⇒ ∑ ∆ a= 2n 2
4 n−2 10 ! 11! 12!
a =1 6
Let ∆=¿ 11! 12 ! 13!

( )
2
n ( n−1 ) 12 ! 13 ! 14 !
3 n3 3 n2−3 n
2

| |
1 11 11× 12

| |
n 6 n 6 ¿ ( 10 ! ) ( 11! ) (12 !) 1 12 12 ×13
n (n−1)
⇒ ∑ ∆ a= 4 n−2 2n
2
4 n−2 =0 1 13 13× 14
12

| |
a =1 2 3 2
3 n −3 n 3 n 3 n −3 n 1 11 11×12
¿ ( 10 ! ) ( 11! ) ( 12! ) 0 1 24 =2 ( 10! ) ( 11! ) (12 !)
257 (d) 0 2 50
2
B=5 A
2 263 (b)
⇒ det ( B )=det ( 5 A )=5 [ det ( A ) ]
2 3

2
¿ 125 ( 6 ) =4500 ¿ ∵ det ( A 1 )= a b =a2−b 2 |b a|
| |
2 2
258 (b) a b 4 4
det ( A 2 )= 2 = a −b

| |
2
x 1+sin x cos x b a
Given, f ( x )= 1 log ⁡( 1+ x ) 2 ∞
2 2 ∴ ∑ det ( A i )=det ( A1 ) + det ( A2 ) +...
x 1+ x 0 i=1

¿ x {−2 ( 1+ x ) }−( 1+sin x ) (−2 x )

2 2 4 4
2 2
¿ a −b +a −b +¿ …
2 2 2 2
2 2
+cos x {1+ x −x log ( 1+ x ) } a b a −b
¿ − =
1−a 1−b ( 1−a2 ) (1−b2 )
2 2
3 2 2
¿−2 x−2 x +2 x +2 x sin x
2 2
+cos x {1+ x −x log (1+ x )} 264 (c)
∴ Coefficient of x∈ f ( x )=−2 Since, A is a singular matrix
∴| A |=0
259 (c)

| | [ ]
1 2 x
1 1 1
⇒ 4 −1 7 =0
∆= bc ca ab
2 4 −6
b +c c+ a a +b
⇒ 1(6−28)−2 (−24−14)+ x [16 +2]=0

| |[
1 0 0
¿ bc c (a−b) a(b−c) C 2 → C2−C 1
b +c (a−b) (b−c)
C 3 → C3−C2 ] ⇒ −22+76+18 x=0⇒ x=−3

265 (b)

| | | || |
1 0 0 x p q x+ p+ q p q
¿ ( a−b )(b−c) bc c a p x q = x + p+q x q
b+ c 1 1 p q x x + p+q q x

P a g e | 69
 | |
1 pq 269 (d)

| |
¿(x + p+ q) 1 x q x +1
x +2 x+ a
1q x Given x +2 x +3 x+ b =0

| |
1 p q x +3 x+ 4 x +c
¿(x + p+ q) 0 x− p 0 Applying R1 →+ R 1+ R 3−2 R2 ,we get

| |
0 q− p x−q 0 0 a+ c−2 b
¿(x + p+ q)
[ xq−p
0
x−q
−p
] x +2
x +3
x +3
x+ 4
x +b =0
x+c
¿ ( x− p ) ( x−q ) (x+ p+ q) ⇒ ( a+c−2 b ) [ x +6 x+ 8−( x +6 x +9 ) ]=0
2 2

266 (b) ⇒ ( a+c−2 b )(−1 )=0

| |
⇒ 2 b=a+ c
1 4 20
⇒ a ,b , care in AP
We have, 1 −2 5 =0
2
1 2x 5 x 270 (a)

| |
0 6 15 We have,

( )
| |
⇒ 0 −2−2 x 5(1−x 2 ) =0 R1 → R 1−R2 1+ a 1 1
2 ¿ R 2 → R2−R3 1 1+b 1
1 2x 5x
1 1 1+c

| |
| |
0 1 1
⇒ 3 ∙ 2∙ 5 0 −(1+ x ) 1−x 2 =0 1 1 1
1+
1 x x
2

(Taking common, 3 from R1 , 2 from C 2 , 5 from ¿ abc

1
a a
1+
1
a
1 ( 1a ) ,
Applying R1 → R 1

R → R ( ), R → R ( )
b b b 1 1
C 3) 1 1 1 2 2 3 3
b c

| |
1+
0 1 1 c c c

| |
⇒ ( 1+ x ) 0 −1 1−x =0
2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 x x 1+ + + 1+ + + 1+ + +
a b c a b c a b c
⇒ ( 1+ x ) ( 2−x )=0 1 1 1
⇒ x +1=0∨x−2=0 ⇒ x=−1 , 2 ¿ abc 1+
b b b
1 1 1
267 (d) 1+
c c c

| |
6 i 11
x +iy = −3 i 4−1−1 =0 Applying R 1 → R 1+ R 2+ R 3

| |
20 ii 1 1 1
⇒ x=0 , y =0 1 1 1
268 (a) (
1 1 1
¿ abc 1+ + +
a b c
b
1
1+
1
b b
1
)
We have, 1+
c c c

| |
| |[
cos ( α + β ) −sin ( α+ β ) cos 2 β
∆= sin α cos α sin β 1 0 0
1
]
−sin α sin α cos β
(
1 1 1
¿ abc 1+ + + b ) 1 0 Applying C 2 → C2−C 1

| |
0 0 cos 2 β+ 1 a b c C 3 → C 3−C1
1
⇒ ∆= sin α cos α sin β 0 1
c
−cos α sin α cos β

[ Applying R1 → R1 + R2
sin β + R3 cos β ] (
1 1 1
¿ abc 1+ + +
a b c )
⇒ ∆=( cos 2 β +1 ) ( sin2 α + cos2 α )=cos 2 β +1 , 271 (a)
Which is independent of α On putting x=0 , we observe that the determinant

P a g e | 70
 | |
becomes zero. x−a x−b x−c

| |
0 – a−b x−b x−c x −a =0
∴ ∆= a 0−c x −c x−a x −b

| |
bc 0
3 x− ( a+b+ c ) x−b x−c
¿ a ( bc )−b ( ac )=0 ⇒ 3 x− ( a+b+ c ) x−c x−a =0
Hence, x=0 is a root of the given equation 3 x− ( a+b+ c ) x−a x−b
272 (a) [Applying C 1 → C1 +C 2+C 3

| | | |
n(n+1) 1 x−b x−c
n ∑r 1
2 ⇒ {3 x− ( a+b+ c ) } 1 x−c x−a =0
∑ D r= 2 ∑ r −∑ 1 4 n2 1 x−a x−b

| |
r=0

∑ 2r−1 5
n
2 −1 1 x−b x−c
⇒ {3 x− ( a+b+ c ) } 0 b−c c−a =0

| |
n(n+ 1) n (n+1) 0 b−a c−b
1
2 2
¿ 2 2 =0 ⇒ {3 x− ( a+b+ c ) } ( a2 +b2 +c 2−ab−bc−ca ) =0
n 4 n
1 3 2 2
n
2 −1 5
n
2 −1 ⇒ x= ( a+b+ c ) [ ∵ a +b + c −ab−bc−ca ≠ 0 ]
3
[∵ two columns are identical]
277 (b)
273 (b) Applying C 1 → C1 +C 2+C 3 , we obtain

| | | |
1 α α2 x p q
Given, f ( α )= α α 2 1 p x q
2
α 1 α q q x
¿ 1 ( α 3−1 )−α ( α 2−α 2 ) +α 2(α −α 4 )
| |
x + p+q p q
3 3 6 ¿ x + p+q x q
¿ α −1−0+α −α
c+ p+ q q x
⇒f ¿

| |
1 p q
274 (c) ¿ ( x + p +q ) 1 x q
We have, 1 q x

| | | |
2 a1 b1 a1 b2 +a 2 b1 a1 b3 +a 3 b 1 1 p q
∆= a1 b2 +a2 b1 2 a2b2 a2 b3 +a 3 b 2 ¿ ( x + p +q ) 0 x− p 0
a1 b 3 +a3 b1 a3 b2 +a 2 b3 2 a3 b 3 0 q− p x−q
This can be written as
[ Applying R2 → R2 −R1 ,
]
| | |
a1 b 1 0 b1 a1 0 R3 → R 3−R1
a2 b 2 0 b2 a2 0 =0 ¿(x + p+ q)(x− p)(x−q) [Expanding along C 1
a3 b 3 0 b3 a 3 0 ]

275 (a) 278 (a)

| |
a 11 A 11 +a12 A 12+ a13 A 13 1 1 1
Let f ( x )=
| | | | | |
2x (x−1) x
¿ 3 2 1 −2 1 1 + 4 1 2
26 36 32 3 x (x −1) (x−1)(x−2) x (x−1)

| |
=3 ( 12−2 ) −2 ( 6−3 ) + 4(2−6) 1 1 1
¿ 30−6−16=8 ¿(x −1) 2 x x−1 x
3 x x−2 x
276 (c)
Applying C 1 → C1−C 3∧C 2 → C 2−C3
We have,

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0 0 1 ¿ ( x−1 ) [ −2 x +2 x ] =0
¿(x −1) x −1 x ∴ f ( x )=0
2 x −2 x ⇒ f ( 50 )=0

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