Chapter-17

Static Electricity
Static Electricity
What is static electricity?
The result of an imbalance between negative and positive charges in an
object.
The displaced electrons tend to remain stationary after being moved
from one insulating material to another.
For example,
-A charge ballon sticking to a wall
-Charged comb picking up small pieces of paper.
Positive charge and negative charge
Electric charge is a fundamental property of some elementary particles
that make up all matter. There are two types of electric charges
-Positive charge
(occur when an object has more protons than electrons)
-Negative charge
(occur when an object has more electrons than protons)
-Two positive charges will repel with other
-Two negative charges will repel with other
-A positive charge and a negative charge attract each other.
Friction
Friction is a force that oppose relative motion between surface in
contact.

-whenever two objects rub against each other, they causes friction.
Charging
Charging is the process of gaining or losing electrons

Charging by friction

The charging process that usually involves the rubbing together of two
objects of dissimilar materials in order to transfer electrons from one
object to the other.
Conductor and Insulator
- A conductor allow current to flow easily through it.
Eg, copper, alminium, gold and silver.

- Insulator don’t allow curret to flow through it.

Eg, glass, plastic, rubber and wood.
Electric Fields
An electric field is the physical field that surrounds electrically charged
particles.

Representing an electric field

The electric field has both magnitude and direction, it is a vector like
all vectors, The electric field can be represented by and arrow that has
length proportional to it magnitude.