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You will need to listen to the cassette/ CD fo r so me exercises.
If you don' t ha ve the eassette /CD, yo u ean read the tapeseripts on p82-87.
UNIT I UNIT 3 UNIT S

Avoiding repetition Adverbs Emphasis

1 Using aux iliary and modal verbs 5 1 Adverb collocations 17 1 Struetures which add em phasis 30
2 Reduced infinitives 6 2 Adverbs with two forms 18 2 Negative inversion 30
3 Syno nyms or near syno nyms 6 3 just 19 3 The use of -ever for em phasis 31
4 Ways of addi ng emphasis 31
Listening Listening
4 Ho rne from horne? 7 4 Anita Roddick on th e working Listening
environm ent 19 5 Martine and Iaap 32
Pronunciation
5 Losing a syllable 7 Pronunciation Pronunciation
5 M ult i-syllable hom ograp hs 20 6 Sentence stress 32
Vocabulary
6 Im m igratio n and poli tics 8 Vocabulary Vocabulary
6 Describing tr en ds 20 7 Problem s, pr oblem s v.. 33
Prepositions 8 Word puzzle 34
7 Verb + preposi tion 9 Prepositions 9 Adjectives and nouns 35
8 Ameriean versus British English 10 7 Adjective + preposition 22 10 No uns from adject ives + pr epositio n
Idioms 35
UNIT 2 8 Idiomatic colloeations 22 Synonyms
Tense review 11 Verbs to describe differen t sounds 35
1 General review 11 UNIT 4
2 Correctin g mistakes 11 Phrasal verbs
3 Text completion 12 Discourse markers 12 Relationship s 36
1 Choosing the eorreet diseourse
Listening marker 23 Endquotes
4 A book I enjoyed 13 Endquotes o n love 36
Tags and replies
Pronunciation 2 Formi ng the correet tag 2S UNIT 6
5 Apoern 13
Pronunciation Passives
Vocabulary 3 Int onatio n in question tags 2S 1 Reporting with passive verbs 37
6 Adjectives to describe peop le 14 2 Passive revision 37
7 Adject ives with positive and negative Listening
3 seem and appear 38
meanings 14 4 Would you like to be fam ou s? 26
8 Common spelling errors 1S Listening
Vocabulary
4 Can it be tru e? 39
Synoynrns 5 Farne and the medi a 27
9 Verbs with a sim ilar m eani ng 6 Antonym s 28 Pronunciation
to speak 15 7 Synonyms and antonym s: fo rmal 5 Reading th e news 40
and info rm al 29
Phrasal verbs Vocabulary
10 The gra m mar of phra sal verbs 16 Phrasal verbs 6 Nouns for med with a verb and
8 Phrasal verbs with a partide and preposition 40
preposition 29 7 Nouns with a special me ani ng in the
plur al 41
Phrasal verbs UNIT 9 Par ticiples
8 Phrasal verb s and nouns formed 4 Forming the correct participle 70
fro m them 41 Verb patterns 5 Signs an d labels 70
I Using the co rreet fo rm 55 6 Par ticiple d auses introdueed
Idio ms 2 Correcting mi stakes 56 by while, when, after, by, on and
9 Pairs of nouns, adverbs, and 3 Verbs + ing or towith a cha nge since 71
verbs 42 in meaning 56
4 Verbs of the senses 57 Listening
7 Simon Winehester: how I becam e a
UNIT 1 Listen ing jo urnalist 72
Moda l auxiliary verbs 5 Henry VIII 57
1 Expressing probability 43
Pronunciation
Pronunciation 8 Word srress 72
2 Expressing poss ibility 44 6 Iokes based on ho mophones
3 Expressing obligation 44 VocabuIary
and homonyms 58
4 Set expresslons with modals 45 9 Adjeetive o rder 73
Vocabulary 10 Geographical features 73
Listening 7 Revision: verbs and nouns 58
5 A father's adviee on m arr iage 46 8 H istor ieal perio ds 59 Synonyms
Pronunciation 11 shine an d wo rds with a simi lar
Prepositi on s m eani ng 74
6 St ress and intonation of modal
9 Preposit ions in passive sente nees 60
verbs 47 Prepositions
Idioms 12 Prepositio ns in set phrases 74
Vocabulary 10 Comparisons with as .. . as 60
7 Revision: word puzzle 47
11 Comparisons with like 60
8 Compo und adjeetives 48 UNIT 12

Prepositions UNIT 10 Linking devices

9 Prepositio ns in q uestio ns 48 1 Revision of linkers 75
Intensifying adverbs 2 Using co ntrast linkers 76
En dquotes 48 1 Intensifying adverbs and adjectives
61 General revision
UNlT 8 2 Intensifying adverbs and verbs 62 3 Co rree ting rnisrakes 77

Real and u n real tense usage Adverbs Listening

3 The pos ition of ad verbs 63 4 Esta te agents ' euphe m isrns 78
I Forrning the eo rr eet tense 49
2 If only ... 1I wish .. . fo r non -fact 50 Listening Pronunciation
3 would or had ? 50 4 Sports - love thern o r loat he them ? 5 Sentence stress 78
4 Mixed conditionals 50
64
Vocabulary
Listening Vocabulary 6 Pairs of synonyms 79
5 The pietures in my ho use 51 7 Revision ; word puzzle 79
5 Revision : words to do with the
Pronunciation body 64
6 Verbs of rnovernent 65 PhrasaJ verbs
6 Co nditio nal sentences 52 8 Co nnect io ns between literal and
7 Extreme adiectives 66
Vocabulary m etaphorical m eanings 80
7 Revision: metaphors an d idio ms 52 Pronunciation
8 Making the most of extreme Idioms
8 Metaphors and idio ms to with th e 9 Idio ms with the word time 81
body 53 adjecrives 66
Phrasal verbs Endquotes
Synonym s Endqu otes on time 81
9 break a nd verbs wit h a sirnilar 9 Part icles and meanings 67
m eaning 54
UNIT 11
Phrasal verbs Tapescripts 82
lO Phrasal verbs and t heir Latin -base d Relat ive clauses
syno nyms 54 1 Defining and no n-defining relative Key 88
d auses 68 Phonetic symbols 96
2 Correcting mis takes 69
3 Spoken versus wri tte n style 69
 Avoiding repetition
Synonyms or near synonyms
Verb + preposition

-Our land is your land!

Avoiding repetition
1 Usingauxiliaryand modal verbs
. . . Grammar Reieren« 1.1 Student's Book p147
Com plete th e conversatio n with auxiliary
verbs or modal verbs. Som eti m es you will
need to add not.

Ed Bi , l'm Ed. You must be the new teacher. Sue Yes, it (10) . bu t the traffic through
Sue Yes, 1 (1) _8t1t. . My name's Sue. Lisbo n seem ed to be moving very slowly.
Ed Wekome to Lisbon. Ed I'm sure it ( 11) • Yesterdaywas
Su e Th an ks. Have you been living here lang? a public holiday, you see.
Ed I certainly (2) . Six year s no w. Sue Ah, th at explains it. What I saw of the city
Sue Oh, good. You m ight be able to explai n from the taxi looks great. I'm looking forward to
a few things. exploring it.
Ed Weil, I (3) if I can, You arrived Ed I bet you ( 12) . Can you spea k
yesterday, then? Po rtu guese!
Sue I (4) _ _-r-r- _ _ • b ut my sui tcases Sue No.
(5) . T he airline seems to have lost Ed Shame. It would help if you (13) ~

them. Sue I speak Spanish, so I was hoping I'd be able to pick

Ed Oh, n o! Have they explained what happened? it u p quite quickly ju st by living here.
Sue They (6) , eventually. I had to ask Ed I'm sure you ( 14 ) _=_~_

an official from another airline to help, but he Sue 1 rnight try and join a language d ass, though.
(7) ,which was a bit m ean . The Ed 1 (15) ifI were you. I never got my
woman I fi nally got to speak to said I should have gra mmar sorted out in th e beginning and now I
checked in early eno ugh. I thought I really wish I (16) ~_=~~ .
(8) ! I suspect they just pu t my Whc n are you going to move into your flat!
luggage on the wrong pla ne. Sue I already ( 17) , bu t the previo us
Ed I su ppose th ey (9) . You'll soo n tenant left a lot of stuff that needs throwing out.
find out, th ough. Anyway, I hope th e rest of your Ed I'I1 help you wit h lt, if you like.
joumey went OK? Sue ( 18) you? T hat would be really kind.
Ed No pro blem.

Unit 1 • Our land is your land! 5

2 Reduced infinitives 3 Synonyms or near synonyms
~ Grammar Refeeence1.2 Swdent's Book p147 Com plete th e sentences with th e synonyms, or nea r
Com plete th e sen tences with the verbs in the box. Use synonyms, in italics. (Some tim es you h ave to ch ange
a redu ced infinitive (where ap propriate). the form.)
expect forget hope not be able frle nd acquaintance ally companion
not mean offer persuade used to
I don't socialize with th em - they're more
1 A He's upser. rousho uld n't have offended hirn. -,~quai".tant~$_ th an friends, really.
B I know I shouldn't have. I .didl11llLtal1 to . 2 I met a co uple of Fren ch girls while I was hitch-
hiking round Europe. T hey made great travelling
2 At first he refused to hel p her, but eventual1y she
_ __ _ hirn _
3 I've m ade a lot of enemies in th is job, so I need all
3 A Why didn't Pete give you a lift to th e station?
the I can get.
B He , but I told hirn I'd
rathe r walk. love adore fancy have a crush on
4 A Are yo u taking a holiday th is sum mer? 4 She's head over heels in love. She absolutel y
B r , but things might end up _____ him!
getting very busy. 5 Wh en I was at primary sch ool I my
5 Th ere aren't as many refugees leavin g the cou ntry Englis h tea cher.
no w as th ere _ 6 I1's obvious th at you Caro l. Wh y
6 I'm no t surp rised he was ang ry, but be was much don't you ask her out?
angrier than I hirn _
talk chat gossip have a word with
7 A Why didn 't you invite Iames to YOUf party?
7 I love to with my friends.lt's fun to
B I . lt completely slipped talk about other people.
my m ind when I saw him last week.
8 A What are you two talking about!
8 Liverpool t ried really hard to score an equalizer in B We're ju st about what was on TV
the last few m inutes of the ma tch, but un for tunately last night .
they _ 9 lohn wants to you .l th ink h e wants
to di scuss you r trip to Poland.

hate abhor despise loathe

JO I the smell of fish - it makes m e
feel siek.
11 The managing di rector said he _
ra cism in the workplace.
12 She him because he's neve r worked
and has always lived off other people.

laugh chuckle giggle snigger

13 I wish you wouldn't keep in that
unpleasant way when I make suggestio ns.
14 The !ittle girl hysterically when her
Dad tickled her.
15 She to herself quietly as she read th e
magazine .

6 Un it 1 . Dur land lsyour land!

Listening Pronunciation
4 Horne from horne? 5 Loslnga syllable
UD Part I. Listen to Zolt än (from Hungar y) talking I UD
ab out di fferen t aspects of living and wo rking in Britain .
Syllableswhichere apparent in the soeütng of a
Which asp ects has he found probl em atic ! word can sometimes be lost when they are spoken.
Ihey often centein the unstressed /;)/. Ilsten to the
1 Being accepted as some one wh o does his job weil.
examples.
2 Rules and regulations.
3 Being treated as a foreigner. Iit)(rature • •• comfo<table . . . medtcine ••
4 Understanding the cultural background of Britain .

2 Match th e phrases thai Zolta n " ses with thc definitions.

2 UD Listen to t he following sentences. Cross out the
one syllable in each which can be lost whe n the
1 from the ward go a loyal to myorigins sen tence is spo ken. T he n listen again and repeat.
2 thepaperwerk side b reaching the same level I I read a really interesting novel recently.
ofthings quickly 2 I can't tell the difference berween those identical twins.
J cater for c the bureaucratic aspects of üfe 3 She borrowed seven books from th e librar y.
4 faithful ro my roots d provtde a service for 4 In h is will, my gra ndfather Ieft me everythi ng.
5 Perhap s you'd like to go for a run before d in ner?
5 estehing up fast e from thevery beginning
6 I eat at least two portions of vegetables a day.
UD Part 2. Listen to Rosemary talking abou t her 7 We need a n ew pol icy on literacy in schools.
expe riences of living in Ame rica, ltaly, and Britain . 8 My secretary h an dles all incom ing calls.
9 I da occasio nally forget people's birthdays .
3 Are th e sen tences tr ue or false? Correct th e false ones. 10 I don't need de tai ls, just a general idea of the pla n.

I D Rosemary left Ame rica t hirty-four years aga.

3 UD Put the words with mis sing syllables from
2 D She met her husband in Italy, exercis es l and 2 int o the correct gro up, according to
3 D She didn't find it easy whe n she arrived in the st ress patt ern. Then listen, check, and repeat.
Britain be cause she always says what she thinks.
4 D She says she's learned to ada pt to th e situation A e
and th at she's m uch ha ppier no w, B e.
4 UD Listen again . Which n ationalities is she
refer rin g to whe n she uses th e words or phrases below? c ••• littIatur~~ _
Wr ite A for Am erican, B for British, and I for Italian.
o brawls 0 slapstic k h umour
o belligerent 0 speak th eir rnind
o caustic hurnour 0 verbal about t he ir emotio ns D •••• _
o banter 0 vul gar hurnour
o repressed 0 yob society
With some words the syllable ls normally lost in
5 Find a word, exp ressio n, or part of an expression in standerd speech. With others it depends on t he
exercise 4 which mean s: speaker, I he pronunciationgivenin the dictionary
1 unfriendly and aggressive shows t his:
2 not showing good taste literatute I' h t r~t JJ( r)/
3 fr iend ly remarks and jokes comfortable /' kAmftJbl/ [standard]
4 critica l in a very sarcastic way medicine /'medsnl or "medrsm/ (optional)
5 noisy and vio lent fights (None of these syllables are lost in spoken
American English)
6 based on simple, physical actio ns
7 say exacd y what they think
In wh ich o f the words in exercise 2 are the syllables
8 rude, aggressive young man normal1y lost in British English?
9 havin g unexp ressed emotions

Unit1 • O Uf land is your land! 7

Vocabulary
6 Immigration and politics
1 Complete thc text with thc wo rds in th e b ox. 2 Find wo rd s in the text th at m ean :
people looking for a more co m fortab le life in anothe r
asylu m proced ure border perso nnel
count ry
borders de terrence
h eadl ines im m igration 2 people seeking official perm ission to stay in another
imprison me n t policing cou ntry in order to avoid persecution in th eir own co unt ry
the displaced im m igration policies 3 people who've lost all their pro pert y and belongings
4 people who are paid by ot hers to help th em to travel
secretly aod illegally to anoth er cou nt ry
5 people fleein g war or persecution

Tackling the causes of asylum

by Ruud Lubbers
The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

Worried Euro pean Union leaders hav e every reason

to place illegal (l) at th e top of th e
age nda. Their inab ility to manage the co mplex mix
of eco nom ic migrants and asylum see kers convergtng
on their (2) is causing t hem major
politica l headaches and mak ing daily
(3) across Europe.
It is irrational for govern ments to spend millions of
eu ros on reinforcin g bord er s, and var ious meth ods of
(4) , without simultaneo usly Investtng
in so lu tions at th e source of the pro b lem . It makes a
lot more sense to help (5) and the
d ispossessed at horne, or close to horne. Otherwise,
d es perate people will co nti nue to take des perate
mea su res. includ ing resorting to hu man smugg lers .
Much needs to be done in t he EU ltself tnclud tng
Better (7) of EU border s is ftne.
th e development of common asyJum and
pro vided that refugees still hav e access to a fair
(6) . Many of those reachi ng Eurcpe's
(8) . Highly trained (9) _
bo rd ers are genuine refugees. But man y more are not.
will help ens u re that nobody is se nt back to face
Strict and wo rkable policies are need ed to sort t he
pe rsecution. (10) , tort ur e or dea t h.
econo mic migrants from th e refugee s.

8 Unit 1 • Gur land isyour land!

 Prepositions
7 Verb + preposition
3 Complete th e sen ten ces with th e nouns in the box to Co mplete th e sentences with th e correct prepositions.
make co mmo n collocations. (The first ten are from Unit 1 of the Stu de nt's Book.)
I T he state-funded health service accou nts j OL
di plomacy elections end orse ment fervo ur
h eadache identity measures m lX abo ut 9% of public spend ing.
p olicies stability statement sup po rt 2 In times of difficult y he always t urns _
his par ents.
I find it very difficult to m ake up my m ind abo ut the
3 His conviction for dange rous d riving counted
euro. It's such a comp lex of politicai
_ _ _ __ _ hirn when he was looking to ren ew
and econo mic argu ments.
his mo tor insurance.
2 Only the United Natio ns can bring peace and long-
4 A new surve y shows that th ere is an alarming
ter m to the region.
nu mber ofbabies b orn girls u nder
3 Th e Scots and Welsh have a stro ng sense of national sixteen .
-, and hate it when they are mistakenly
5 A How did he react your
referred to as 'Bnglisb';
suggestion?
4 Opi nion poUs show overwhelming public
B He didn't like it.
______ for the government's actions, so
6 My bos s insists travelli ng first class
they're un likely to change policy now.
when he goes on business trips.
5 It's always a danger when a leader stirs th e peo ple up
7 The money th ey've saved over the years amounts
in to a pat rio tic _
_ a small fort u ne.
6 The Prime Minister's statement didn't m eet with
8 After qu alifying an accou ntant, he
the approval ofhis ow n party, bu t it received the
seeured a weIl-paid job with an oil company.
personal of the US President.
9 She takes herself very seriously. She hates bei ng
7 T he wave of strikes h as caused th e governme nt a
laughed _
serious political _
10 The reporter questioned the minister _
8 Virtu ally all the attempts to persu ade teenagers not
t he govem ment's im m igration pol icy.
to take drugs have proved unrealistic. We need some
11 You shouldn't in ter fere bu siness that
workable to tackle th e p roblem .
doesn't concern you.
9 The government reso rted to desperate
l2 Th e ma nag ing director is hinting th e
______ to avert an econom ic crisis.
possibility o f a big pay rise, bu t he won't make a
10 Th e minister mad e an emotional public
firm commitment un til the sales figures are in.
______ in an atte mpt to end media
13 The govern me nt claims it has been successful in the
speculation about her fam ily life.
fight agai nst crime, but says we should guard
11 After twelve years of totalitarian rule, th e president
_ _ _ _ _ complacency.
u nexpectedly called mult i-par ty _
14 The USA declared war Germanyon
12 Th e border d ispure can only be resolved by
6 April 1917.
d iscussion an d n egotiation, no t by gu nboat
15 She was seeth ing anger at th e crue l
way the refugees were tre ated.

Unit 1 • Gurland is your land! 9

 8 American versus British English

Prepositions end adverbs are sometimes used

differently in American and British English.

Write th e words in italics in Brit ish English.

A What time is it?
B Ten 01 nine.
.1(.11-.10_"il1t. •
2 He should be arriving in Londo n at about a quarter
after three.

3 W'hat are you doi ng on the weekend ?

4 1'11 be awayMonday through Thursday.

10 A Pizza Margher ita, please.
B ls that to eat in o r take out?
5 l'd feel mu ch happier if he'd just write me an d let me
know how h e is.
11 Th e house has a long d rive in front of it and a small
yard in the back.
6 Los Angeles was different than what I expec red.
12 My sister works at a tmvel ogency.

13 A Ca n you direct me to th e police stationi

B Su re. Go straight and it's oppos ite the tow n hall.
You can' t miss it.

ENDQUOTE

~ It isnot easyto see how the rnoreextreme forrns

of nationalism can long survive when men bave seen
the Earth in itstrueperspective as a single small
globe against the stars.'
Artoor C. Clarke
7 The regular goalkeeper hasn't been playing very well (Science-fiction write ]
recently so he isn't on th f' team th is week.

8 I can't understand what yo u're saying. Iust calm

dow n and start over from th e begi n ning.

9 H is parent s couldn't d ecide what 10 call him, but

eventually he was namedJor h ls grandfather,

10 Unit 1 • Dur land is your land!

 Tense review - Cornrnon spelling errors
Verbs with a similar meaning to speak
The grammar of phrasal verbs
Never lo,t for word,!

Tense review
The famous fi lm director, Alfred Hitchcock, tetephoned the protific
... G~mma r Rdel'ftlCe l.S-10Student's Book pl48
Belgian crime novellst. Georges Simencn. At the time. Simenon
General review (7) already (complete) nearly
Com plete the anecdotes with an appropriate 400 novels. Hitchcock knew that he (8) (write)
tense of the verbs in brackets.
his books at incredible speed. scmettmes in as little es ten days.
Si mencn's wife took the ealL T m sorry; she seid, 'but Georges
Oneevening in thewinter of 1902. the Irish (9) (write) and I can't disturb him .'
wrtter. George Bernard Shaw. (I) _ 'Ihat's OK; replied Hiteheeck. 'l et hirn fi nish his book.
{talk] 10 thebeaunful American dancer. tsadora I (10) (hang on):
Duneart. Duncan. who (2) (know)
for her streng beliefin eugenlcs. suggested that
An interesting thing happened to me when Iwas touring the
she andShaw (J) (have] a child
USArecently. 1(1 1) just (read)
together. "Think of ül' shesafd, 'wüh your brains
a spy novel, where the hero (1 2) (hidel a letter
and my body. what a wonder It(4) _
in a particular statue in Washington. Since Iwas in that city at
(be}' Shaw (5) {think] for a moment
the time, on a whlm I decided to see i1 the statue reeuv contamed
and replied. "res. but what if it (6) _
the small ntche the author (13) (deseribe).
(have)my body and your brains?' To my great surprise lt did- end a letter was inslde. After a
moment's hesttatlon I putled out the fetter and opened tt. As I
(14) (read) lt, I burst out laughing. An unidentified
reader (15) (write), 'Good book, wesn't it?'

2 Correcting rnistakes
Find and correet the seven mistakes in tense usage, Th ere are
five in th e first paragrap h an d two in th e second.
Harrycame lnto the roomend sat down, exhausted He had a terrible dayat
the office and had ooly just arrived home. Mary had come round later and
she almest certainly wantedto go out. Harry wasnt su-e hecould face that.
At least be had his holidayto look forward to. By this time rert week he'd
sit 00 a surH:lrenched beach and sip cocktails ;
2 lohnexpected to geta decent nsebecause he worked er the publishing
company for many years. He knew he sold more books every year thanany
of his fellow sales representatives. Hed been selling bocks all his Me and
had known exactly whatapproachto adopt withevery bookshop he vtsited.

Unit 2 . Never lost for words! 11

 3 Text completion
Co mplete the text with an appropriare rense of the verbs in brackets.

Fouryears' senr a Iett er to the poltce via his so licitors, listing

numerous safery deposit boxes in banks in England.
Inside th e boxes we re doze ns of hu gely valu able titl es,
jailfor theft including the rhree by Newton and Galileo from
Cambridge.
of rare books Why]acques then (12)
ro Brirain, nobody knows. Three weeks larer he
(fly) back

(13) (find) guilty of theft and

I\. F EW YE A RS AGO, rwo copies of I saac Newton's ( 14) (now serve) four years in prison.
.n Principia and a work by Galileo, worth more The total value of the books he (15) _
than 1:300.000. (1) (discover) to be (steal) is aro und [l .1 million, and m any
m issing from the shelves of the Rare Bocks (16) (still not recover). j acques
Deparrment of Cambridge University. Police ( 17) (not say) how he pulled off
inrerviewed staff but 00 dues (2) _ perhaps the most system atic plundering of Britain's
(find) nor arrests (3) (m ake). great libraries ever carried out by an individual. Police
Three years lare r, jolyon Hudson, an anti quarian are worried th ar he m ay (18) (have )
book dealer, (4) (examine) a rare inside help.
philosophy book in his office. There was a shadow on Over the past few months, libraries in Britain
the front cover where once a label might ( 19) (im prove) their security systems.
(5) (be), and the title page In many there are now closed-circuit TV cameras, and
(6) (rip out). Hudson was convinced passes must (20) (show). The ge nteel
that the book (7) (steal). His world of letters has had a realiry check.
investigations revealed that the book's last owner was
a man called William jacques, an accountant working I
PHILOSOPHLE
for Shell UK Hudson relephonedjacques and asked f'ol ATUR. ALI S
him if he (8) (stop by) the office to PRIN CIPI A
resolve ehe issue. When they met, jacques told him he MATHE~!ATICA

(9) (acquire) the book from

Portobello Market and assured Hudson that he
I-.z:.=&rTu
.....,,-..- .... -
. ... .... ..... ...~-

IMPR IMAT UR.

(10) (co-o perare) wit h any furure "' I " " "'I- " ' ~ " ""
~.-

police enquiries. .. . _ D' _ t

However, sh ortly afterwards, j acques
"""' ""'=~""'~""'uq- "" ,
(11) (flee) to Cuba. From there he

12 Unit 2 • Never lost fcr words!

Listening Pronunciation
4 Abook I enjoyed 5 Apoern
UD Listen to Jer ry Four lin es of the following poem are given in phone tic
talking ab ou t a book he sc ript. Wr ite the mi ssing lines.
enjoyed readi ng , th e novel
How to be good by
Nick Hornby.
After the lunch ...
1 \r\Ihich sentence best summarizes
th e story in t he boo ki WendyCope
I H's about a rieh m an who loses his wealth but
discovers t he positive aspects ofbeing poor. On Waterloo bridge, w here we said our goodb yes
2 It shows the transfor mation o f a ma n's attitude 115;;1 weöa kcndijnz bn n ucz ta mal arzJ
to life, from very negative to th e opposite ext reme. (1) _
3 It desc ri bes how an average fami ly disc overs how
to be happy by helping other peop le. I wi pe them away w ith a bleck w oolly glove
/ond tra t not ta nautrs arv Io.lcn In J,wl
2 Oll Listen again. Which of th e adjec tives in th e box
(2) _
describe th e man before he saw t he faith healer, and
which describe hirn afterwards? Weite Bor A.
On Waterloo bridge I am tryi ng to think:
bitte r .!- can ng _ critical _ This ie nothing. You 're high on the charm and the drink.
cyni cal _ funny _ obsessed
But the jukebox ins ide me is playing a song
soc ially aware _ u nfunny _ unhappy
lö;;It sez SAßlOU) drfrant/. /and wen W;;IZ rt rDlJl?
(3) _
3 Choose the co rrect answer. Tben loo k at the tap escript
o n p82 an d find th e exac t words th at Ier ry uses.
On Waterloo bridge with the wind in my hair
I Ho w old are the man's child ren?
I am temp ted to sktp. You're afool. I don't care.
quiteyoung I teenage _
IÖ;;I hed dAZ ItS best, bat Ö;;I ha :t IZ ÖJ bnsJ
2 Ho w would th e man 's wife like the ir life to bei (4) _

happy in some way I witbout any cares _ l admit it before I' m halfway across .

3 What wo uld the m an's attitude to faith healers

no rmally bei 2 Read th e p oem and answer th e questions .
he would usethem with caution I he would reject I She says it's th e weather that's makin g her cry. Wh at
them as totally stupid _ do you th ink the real reason is!
2 Why are some words in iralics?
3 What do es "I he head does its best, but the heart is
4 How does the speaker fee! ab ou t recogni zing that his the boss' m ean ?
own characte r is similar to th c man 's!
3 Read the poem aloud, noticing the rh ythm. How m any
hefeelsguilty about it I he's happy to recognize this main stresses are th ere in each lin e: th ree, fou r; or fivei

4 IDJ Listen to th e poem, payin g particular atten tion

5 How ob vious is the book's philosophical m essage!
it's the main foeus of the book I it lies beneath tbe
surfaee
to th e rhythm an d stress.
5 Mark th e main str esses in each line, th en pr actise
_
read ing th e poem aga in .

Unit 2 . Never lost for words! 13

 Vocabulary
6 Adjectives to describe people 7 Adjectives with posit ive and negative meanings
FOTeach example ch oose th e two adjectives t hat can be These eigh t pair s of adjeetives have sim ilar me anings,
used to co m plete the senten ce. but one adj ective in eaeh p air h as po sitive associati ons,
t he other negative. Wri te th em in the correct eolum n.
witty patronizing encouraging Use your dictionary to help you .

Sam's always ma king remarks at my asser tive I aggressive self-assured I arrogant

expense. sh rewd I cunning smar01Y I eharm ing
st ubborn I resolute tact less I fran k
bewildered prejudiced distraaed trusting I na ive un principled I ope n -mi nded

2 After the accident Bob was too to

m ake a statement to th c p olice. Positive Negative

earnest haughty overbearing

3 She's a difficu lt woman to work for - _
and u npredictable.

courteous supportive considerate

4 It was very of you to let th at lorry
pull out.

supportive loveable considerate

5 My boss was really when I first sta rted
the job - always ready to help out or giveadvice.
2 Read the sente nces and de cid e if th e speaker s are
overbearing snobbish prejudiced de scribing people in a positive or negative way. The n
6 Vicky has a very view of working- co mp lete th e sente nee s using ad jeet ives from exercise 1.
dass people as lazy and ignorant.
Dean gets very whe n he's d runk,
always trying to piek fight s with peop le.
timid reserved earnest
2 Iane ha s no sens e o f righ t and wrong. Sh e's
7 I know he doesn't say rauch , but he isn't unfrien d ly.
He's just a bit _ co mpletely _
3 Dave can be ver y some t imes , but he
manages to give his true opinion witho ut be ing
hurtful.
4 Sara was ver y to ta ke Ben at hi s
word . It's ob vious t hat the ruan's a born liar.
5 Kate is a very judge of character, She
knew irnrn ediately that h e wasn't being hone st.
6 He's so ! He never ehanges his mind,
even if he knows he's wrong!
7 Ioe never believes for a m om en t that he mig ht be
wrang - he's unbearably _
8 Everybody likes Colin when they first m eet h im -
he's just so utterly _

14 Unit 2 • Never lost for words!

 Synonyms
8 Corn mon spellingerrors 9 Verbs with a similar meani ng to speak
Co rrect the spelling mistake in each sen tence.
Th ere's a sho rtage of cheap to urist
accomodation in Oxford. _aceoIllModatio"
2 He was tragicly killed in a
motor cyde accide n t.

3 He was insolent to rne on

th ree sepe rate occasio ns.

4 He was found gu ilty of reciev ing

stolen goods.

5 He tra nsfered f.l,O OQ,QOOinto an

offshore aeeou nt to avoid payin g tax.

6 T he govern me nt h as already 'Oh not The dog's earet the Thesdurus!

abolished rnaintain ance grants
for un iversit y stude nts.
1 Use your di ctionary to help you. \Nh ich of th e verbs in
7 The aircraft d issapp eared from th c th e box describe th e way people speak when th ey:
radar screen shortly after take-off
I are angry?
8 The fluctuation s in t he stock ma rket 2 are sad or in pain?
had an adverse affect on th c valu e 3 don't want to be beard!
ofthe euro. 4 are havin g d ifficul ty speaking?

9 Th e p rin ciple of the college bellow growl mutter screech sigh

expressed h er disappo intmen t at sna p stam me r wh in e wh isper yelp
the poo r exam results.

10 I th ink people who are rushing to 2 IID Ch oose the verb that best describ es the way
seil property before pr lces fall are each sentence is spoken.
panickin g un necesarily.
'M u m, it's no t fair! I haven't had an ice-cream for
ages!' he whined/ whispered.
2 ' I'm afraid it's an too late,' sbe muttered I sighed.
3 'Stop talking an d sit down !' h e bellowed / growled.
4 ' I hate yo u! I never wan t to see yo u again!' she
stammered I screeched.
5 'Ger out of here and don't come back!' he growled /
sighed.
Anyone
whocan only 6 'Can you meet m e after wor k?' she sighed /
think of one way to whispered.
spe il a word obviously 7 'Could yo u p- po ssibly h- help me!' he stammered I
lecks imagination. growled.
MARK TWAI N 8 "I bis is abso lutely ridiculous. I've never seen such a
farce,' shc muttered / snapped un der her b reat h.
9 'Owl You're standi ng on my foot! ' he bellowed I
yeiped.
10 ' Ius t let m e fin ish, will yo u" she snapped /
stammered.

Unit 2 • Never lost for words! lS

 Phrasal verbs
10 The grammar of phrasal verbs
. . . Gl'llmmlr Ret'e mKI 1.4 Student's 800k pl41
You can find out wh ether a phrasal verb is
tran sitive or int ran sitive. separable or
inseparable by looking in a leam er's
di ctionary. Look at th ese dictionary
ent ries:
t ak e 'off t (of an aircraft, etc.) 10 leave th e
ground and begin 10 fly: The plane took off
a n hour late.
In tr ansitive. T here is 0 0 sb (so mebody)
or sth (something).
t ak e sth ...... ' off 1 10re movesth, especially
a piece of clothi ng Irom yourfsb's body:
to tahe off you r cool l hal l skirt I glasses
sth in dicates th at it's transitive, and the
posit ion of st h between t he verb and
partide indicates th at it's separable.
(This dictiona ry also shows this with
the - symbol between the object end
th e particle.}
't a ke t o s b/sth [no passive) to start
likin g sb/sth: J took to my new boss
im mediately. 0 He hasn ~ taken to h is
new school.
sb/sth indicates that it's transitive. and
th e position of sb /sth efter the verb an d
partide indicates that it's inseparable.
,give 'in (ta s b/st h) 1 to admit t hat you
ha ve been de feate d by sb/s t h: The rebels
were forced to gi ve in .
give in used by itself is intransitive.
The sb /sth in brackets indicates that as
a three-part phrasal verb it's transitive
and inse parable .
16 Unit 2 . Never lost for words!
2 Here are nine dictiona ry ent ries. Read the sentences below and
decide if th e phrasal verb s are used correctly. Cerreet any mi stakes.
,b re a k 'in to e nter a build ing by force: Burglars had broken
in whi le we toere away.
,b re a k 'int a s t h 1 to ente r a buildin g by force: to ope n a car,
etc. by force: We had Dur car broken into las t week.
,come 'dow n with s t h (no pas sive} to get a n illness t ha t
is not very se rious: 1 think Tm coming dow n with {lu.
,d ra w up ' if a veh icle d r aws up, it a rrives and stops: The cab
drew up outside the hause.
,d ra w sth ....... 'u p to make or write sth that need s careful
t hough t or pl a nning: to dra w up a contrad / list
,get be 'h ind (w it h st hl 10 Iail 10 make enough progr ess or
to prod uce s t h a t the r ight t ime: I'm getting beh ind with my
work. 0 He got behind with the payments for h is car .
send s brsth ....... 'u p (Br E. informal) to ma ke peop le laugh
at sblsth by copying the mJit in a funny wa y: a 1V prog ram me
that sends up poli ticians
,t a ke 'afte r sb [no pa ssive] 1 (not used in t he progressive
tenses) 10 look er be have Iike an olde r mem ber ofyour fa mily,
e specially your mether or Iather: Your daughter doesn ~ take
after you at o ll.
,t a ke sb · " ' in 1 to al lcw sb to stay in your horn e: to take in
Iodgere (I He was horneless, so we took hi m in. 2 [oft en pa ssive]
to ma ke sb believe sth that is not t rue !sYNI DEC EIVt:: She took
rne in comple tely unth: her story . 0 Don ~ be taken in by his
cha rm-s-hee ruthlees.
I Thieves b roke in and stole ts,OOO.
2 Burglars broke in the ho use while th ey were on holiday.
3 Tb e bus drew at th e traffi c lights up.
4 T he co mm ittee will draw u p a list of objections.
5 He got caught in th e rain and came with a cold down .
6 He's n ot very nice to bis teechers. He's always sending u p them.
7 She got a loan when she furnished the Ilat, but she's gett ing
behind wit h th e rep ayments.
8 I've got so m uch work. I'm really getting behi nd it with.
9 She reaDy takes he r father after.
10 She took some stu dents in to earn extra money.
t 1 I was taken by his apparent honesty in .
EHDQUOTE
' There's no money in poetry, but t hen there's no poetry in money, either. '
Robe" Graves (Poet)
 Adverb collocations • Adverbs withtwo forms
jast» Describingtrends
Adjective + preposition
Big business
- . ~ - - ,, - - -~ . _.~ -- _. - ... _. ._- I

Adverbs
1 Adverbcollocations
~ Gra.mmar Reference 1.4Student's Book p150
1 Ma tch th e adverbs with th e adjec tives and verbs.

Adverbs Adjectives Adverbs Verbs

I'
1 bitterly a unlikely 6 accurately f hope
1 h;ghly b clear 7 distinctly g predict
l perfectly c disappolnted 8 eagerly h remember
4 sorely d impossible 9 fully await
5 virtually e tempted 10 sincerely understand

2 Co mplete th c two m emos with thc adverb co llocatic ns from exercise 1.

mteqrated ~c:E) oteqrateo ~c:E)

optcet ooucer
memo svstems memo systems

Ta: M ike Walters To: j ulie Go ug h

From: Julie Go ugh From : Mi ke Wal ters
Date : 17 September Dat e: 18 Septem ber
Su bject: Letter from lmsyst Ine. SubJect: Letter from Imsyst lnc.

Tbanks for forwarding the letter frorn lmsyst Inc. It's very Thank s for you r memo of 17th Septemb er. Like you,
unfornma re (hat they can'r deliver rhe imaging machines I' m (7 ) thar Imsyst have
on time . I (1) i ullyu/'l der!:talld_ rhat it's difficulr ro missed rhe d ead line. To be fair ro Imsyst, I know they
gua ra ntee del ivery da res in rhe current economic clim are can't a lways (B) rhe
bu r I (2 ) their say ing that it conseq ue nces of eco nomic developments when th ey
wouldn'r be at all d ifficult [0 meet rhe dead line we ser. plan th eir deliveries.
In fac t I have a wrirten record o f ir. Be th at as it may, I met Geoff Lee at lmsyst, en d it
What sh ou ld we d a now? It w ill be was (9) fro m wh at he
(3) for us to meet Dur custorner's solid that they can and will guarantee de1ivery by january.
deadline if we don 't get rhose rnachines before the New I'm goi ng to draw u p a ne w contract, rhis ti me with a
Year. I (4 ) rhat Imsyst can deliver stiff penalty clau se for late delivery, even th ou gh th is
by Ja nu ary end I (5) rhe ourcome would appear to be (10) ~ _
of you r meering with Geoff Lee. If lmsyst can't gua ranree Best wis hes
new del iver y da res, I' m (6) to cancel
rhe co nrracr and find an orher supplier for th e rnachin es.
Mike
Rega rd s
:r",.li ~

Unit 3 • Big busmess 17

 3 Each adverb in A collocates with o ne 2 Adverbs with two forms
gTaup of adjectives in B. Match them ~ ... Grllmmar Reference 15 Student's BookplSO
correctly.
Choose th e correct adverbs.

A Kate Are you still at it? You're working too (1) hard / ha rdly,
deeply deliberately infinitely you kn ow.
pefectty sorety supremely Peter Yes, I know.
virtually wildly
Kate (2 ) Sure/ Sure/yyau don't need to work on a Fri day evening?
Pe ter SOTey. Kate. I've got a lot to da . My boss has been putting
8 a lot of pressure on me (3) lately / late.
embar rassed Kate That's wha t I hate (4) most/ mostlyabout you e job - you're
ßuply distressed always b eingin g wo rk horn e.
asha med Peter I know. I can't help it.
Kate You've (5) hard / hardly spent any ti me wit h the children
con fide nt recently,
2 happy Pe ter Th at's not fair.
indifferent
Kate It is. Last Sat urday yo ur boss called you on your mobile
(6) rigllt / rightly in th e m iddle of Iessica's school concert.
im possible You completely m issed her performan ce. It never used to
3 identicaI be like this. You used to get everything done at the o ffice
indestructible an d never came ho rne (7) late / lately.
Pe ter Yes, but I've been promoted now and I'm (8) direct / directiy
safe responsible for the success of th is pr oject .
4 right Kate H ow long is this going to take yo u, then!
dear Peter I should (9) easy/ easily be finishe d by ten o'clock.
Kat e 'Ien o'dock! O h fo r goodness' sake!
optimis tic
Pe ter Take it ( 10) easy/ easily, Kate. Look, you've ( 11) right/ rightly
5 inaccura te pointed out that it didn't use to be like th is an d I p romise
ambitious th ings will ch an ge for th e be tter. I just ne ed to get through
this busy p eriod.
missed Kate ( 12) Sure, sure. / Surely, sure1y. Where've I heard that before?
6 needed
tempted

misleading
7 obstruc tive
rude

better
8 super ior
preferable

18 Unit 3 • Big business

3 just
~ GrammarReferenc! 1 6 Student's Book p150
4 Anita Roddick on t he working environment
Add JUS! to these sentences.
Italian's as diffic ult as Span ish .
Üaliatl-.:sj~st auitfiGultar: SpanisL
2 Leave me alone, will you!
3 What's that noise! Oh , it's O K. It's t he cat.
2 UD Listen again. Are t hese sen tences tr ue or false?
4 That pictu re looks right on th at wall.
5 It's starting to rain, Have you got an umb rella?
6 It's as quick to cyde in Lon don as it is to d rive.
7 We've got enoug h time to get to the airpo rt.
8 I've seen a terri ble accide nt .
9 He wasn't badl y hurt. It was a small cu t.
3 Look at th e tapescri pt o n p83 and find wo rd s or
10 I' m going to th e shcps. Is there anything you want?
11 Stop ta lking an d eat up!
12 It's as easy to wash th is jumper by hand.
4 00
'Either ttusis Me wrong chart or-fet'sJUS! hope
this isMe wrang mart.'
2 For each sentence in exercise 1 deci de if jusr m ean s
anly. exactiy, equally, right now, a shart time bejore;
or is used pu rely fo r emphasis. For exam ple, 1 equally
3 UD Listen and practise repeating the sentences
wit h the correct stress and inton ati on .
Listening
UD Listen to an interview with Anita Roddick.
What is her m ain criticism of most workplaces?
1 The re isn't enoug h h umo ur in them.
2 People spen d far too much time in t hem.
3 T he aesthe tic element is ofte n igno red.
Correct the false ones.
l 0 Ani ta Roddick's office is surp risingly sma lI.
2 0 Ma net's pa intin g Ledejeunersur l'herbe is hung
on the walls of the main bu ilding.
3 0 Visitors wo uld get the Im pression that her
company is very unusual.
4 0 She has no objections to people taking pict ures
of her headquarters.
5 0 The in terviewer asked one of the wo rkers for his
opinion of a wor k of art.
6 0 An ita Rod d ick doesn't thin k th at works of art
should always be taken seriously.
phrases wit h these m ean in gs.
1 exp ress simply an d c1early
2 words wi th a very gene ral m ean ing
3 arrived at t he building by car
4 be haviou r that doesn 't show respect
5 art tha t copies another style in
order to b e am using
6 clever hum our
7 a red uct ion
8 improved by adding somethi ng
Liste n to part of th e ext ract aga in .
An ita Roddick often repeats a phrase at the
beginning of successive clau ses:
It has to be obout laughter, it has to be about
cheekiness and parody and wit.
Why does she da this, da you thinki Can you hear
m ore examples of this rep etition ? Find them in th e
tapescript on pS3 and underl ine th em .
Unitl • Big business 19
 Pronunciation Vocabulary
5 Multi-syllable homographs 6 Describingtrends
I UD Look at the ho mographs in the sentences Writ e the phrases in the box und er the correc t graph
below. How does th e pronunciation of th e two fo rm s Iines a to f
d iffer? Listen, check, arid repeat.
1 T he euimate for the building work arrived today. fluctuate pick up
I estimate that the job will take about th ree weeks. level off rise steadily
peak shoot up
2 Th ere were 300 delegates at the conference.
No wo nder he's stressed . He never delegates work.
3 They live together b ut lead very separate Jives.
If you work at h ome, you must separate work from
family life.
4 She needs to moderate her language.
There was a moderate increase in prices last year.
5 Would you care to eloborate on that point! a rlse b c
_.- --stUl dily - -
Th ey m ade elabora te plans for his 40th b irthday.
6 She ofte n compliments hirn on his dr ess sense.
Wonde rful food! Give my compliments to t he che f.
7 They sh redde d tbousands of incriminat ing -~ r
documents befor e the FBI officers arrived.
The film documents th e rise and fall of com mu nism
~
in th e form er Soviet Unio n.
d _ f _
8 I only get the Sunday papers for the supplements. ,- - - - -
She supplements h er income by doing part-tim e
bar work. 2 Now write th ese ph rases u nd er the eorreet graph lin es
g to k.
2 UD Look at these words end ing in -c re. Practise
saying the sentences with the co rrect pronunciation .
bottom out plummet
Th en listen, check, and repeat.
deceese gradually remein stable
That's an approximate nu mber. fall slightly
The to tal cost will approximate t im.
2 It's a d ifficult soun d to articulate.
She's a very articulate speaker.
3 We m ust deliberateon th is issue.
The He was deliberate.
4 What are you trying to intima tet
It was an intimate morn ent .
5 She wo rks on altem ate days.
Rain can alternate with sunsh ine very quickly here. g h I

6 He's a b usiness associate.

I associate fast food with th e USA.
7 Wh at are the map co-ordinates?

~
Wh o co-ordinates the fam ine reliefi ".

8 He's an Oxford graduate.

She's about to graduate from Yale. .1f
T he stress pattern remains the same in all the k _
homograp h pai rs, except o ne. Whi ch one?

20 Unit 3 • Big business

3 UD Look at the graph below an d complete 4 Look at the graph. Describe the way the number of students
the text with words from the box. (Use the att ending da nce co urses changed over the year.
co rrect form of th e verbs.)

SM ART RO OM SALES O xfo rd Sch oo l of Da nc e

10
[' -
9
r-, ~ 'V 11 1\
8

7 1\
F M A M
II A S O N D

2 Ibo "lu"be ut.md .ntu tte"_di"g1la"-~UQurs:ede "-II _

-.Stiglttlyj"_Ja" ual1'-a "(Ube_"c..~
,,~ _

JFMAMJ JASOND

downturn drop
mcrease level off
peak pick up
shoot up stable
steadi ly substantial

Smartcom's sales rose ( I) in

Ianu ary and February and then (2) _
dramatically in March. They (3) _
at 9,000 un its at the beginning of Apr il and th en I
decreased grad ually before (4) _
around the 8,000 mark duri ng May an d Iune.
Iuly saw a (5) decrease but
sales (6) a little in August. They
(7) again in September bu t
rem ained (8) throughout October.
There was anot her (9) in November
but in the run-up to Chr istmas sales were healthy,
with a steady (10 )
by the end of the year.
to 6,000 units
--
'Yaursa/es figures drop off dramaticallyduring
tne wimermanths:

Unit 3 . Big business 21

 Prepositions Idioms
7 Adjective + preposition 8 Idiomatic collocations
Match th e phrases in A and B and th en write sen tences 1 Co m plete th e idiomatic colloc at io ns with th e words in
by join ing thern with a preposi tion in th e box . the box. Use yo ur di ctionary to help you.
A cause ceiling in terest order
1 [!) My grandad ts very dependent playiog fie1d pro blems risk robbery
2 0 The fi lm ts based ta pe visit
3 0 It may be old and rusty. but l'm very attached
4 0 Bill is emotionally detached calculated lost
5 0 McDonalds has becorne synonymous da ylight red
6 0 The employees kept quiet flying tall
7 D Yau car rt tell her anything. Shes impervious glass teething
8 D The working hoursinmyjob are mcompatible
level vested
9 0 His disruptive behaviour at school lsindicative
10 0 The company lsntliable
2 Use the collocations fro m exercise I to com plete the
11 0 The teeeher is very concemed
sente nces.
12 0 Mare is totally obsessed
I Our ins urance premium s have doubled overnight -
B it's !
a my car. 2 Sma ll busine sses com plain abo ut regu lations an d
b family lffe.
want less _
c thefalse accounting in thecornpany.
d my sons lack of progress. 3 It's a in vesting in th e
e fastfood. stock market, as you can lose as m uch as you gain .
f any damagecaused tovehicles parked ontbe premises. 4 We h ad a few with
g my parents.
h his parents. He hardly ever speaks to them. ou r new com pute r system, but it's all fine now.
j footbell. He thinks of nothingelse. 5 Women seeking p romotio n to th e high est posit ions
j a novel by jane Austen. co m plain of a _
k a deeper psychologkat problern
6 I can't really co m ment on the p roposal as I h ave a
I crttlclsm.
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in th e out com e. I
stan d to m ake a lot of money if it's accepted .
about ab out for from of 00
00 10 10 wit h with with 7 Increasing our profits by 50% wi thin a year is rather
a , but we'Il try.
8 We don't want spe cial treatment - ju st a
1 l1ygralldadj~tpe, !I_dtllt Oll my-pattllts:..... _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ for all com panies.
2 9 Trying to get Tim to tid y his room is a _
3 _ _ _ _ _ . He'll never do it.
4 10 I'm m akin g a to th e
5 New York office. 1'11 be ba ck in Paris tomorrow.
6
7 ENDQUOTE

8 ~An economist isan expert who will know tomorrow

9 why t he t hings he predieted yesterday didn't
10 happen t oday.'
laurence J. Peter (Educator and writer)
11
12

22 Unit 3 • Big business

 Discourse markers s Tags and replies
Antonyms
Phrasal verbs with a partic!e and preposition
Celebrity

Discourse markers
. . . Gnmmar Reference 4.1 Student's aook pm

1 Choosing the correct discourse marker

I Co mplete th e conversation with the most approp riate adverb.

Claire Did you hear that Sam Davies had failed his exams?
He's a bright boy - ( 1) he didn't d a 1 apparently! presumably ! surely
mu ch revision . That's what his mum said, anyway.
(2) • he'Il get a chance to take them 2 Funnily enough ! Ideally ! Luckily
again in September.
Anna Ob, good. (3) , he'Il pass next time. 3 Ciearty / Hap'Juliy / ld, aliy
(4) • when does yO UT son finish 4 lncidentally ! Seriously though ! Strictiy speaking
university?
Claire (5) , I'm no t sure when term ends. 5 Actually ! Apparently ! Frankly
(6) ,around the end of Iune. 6 Obviously ! Presumably ! Surely
What's he going to da in the long vacation! Still
planning [0 hit ch-hike round Euro pei
Claire (7) , no! I wasn'r at al1 keen on that idea.
7 Funnity enough / Luckify ! Thankfully
(8) .he was going to go with a friend, 8 Admitfedly I Basically ! Understandably
but (9) I would have been worried sick. 9 quite honestly ! seriously though, ! surely;
Anne ( 10) _ 10 Naturally! Presumably ! Surely
Cla ire So ( 11) , he's gOI th ree months of 11 basically ! ideally! obviously
holiday with nothi ng plan ned!
Anna But (12) he'Il bave so me reading to 12 hopefully ! sureIy ! understandably
do for next term , won't hei
Cla ire Yes, but I doubt he'Il do it.

Unit 4 • Celebrity 2J
 2 Seme famous people let their holiday hornes when
they're not using them. Read this letter from a woman
who's stayin g in a celeb rity's house.
Choose the cor rect discourse markers. Sometimes
there is more than one correct answer.

I
,
I I~
-
Dlfrli~ D",,~ ,

(j~s frc'" ""t "," b"lKtif id Mwtiq... . r", ""~ tHe "",st """",.u..., ""lid")'
Jw.-e. (1) M~ yOIi4, / AJ.1't'ti~e~1.y, / ~.s..s IIJJv1-t- , it wDH.1d be difjiuUt I'\.tJt
to, WDU.U~'t u, .rtll}i~ UtMic.kJ ~u.Je? D"vi~, yDK rutUy ~ visit it yDKrselj
"'" of thue '.ys. (:l) 5<> ...'" Sf"'.I<. / Af'<'.". .1..1. /
5 -ec.l.l. y,u 'es...,e
" ~lid"y "eiftu ,nuJ" "" tiri~ tiwu, j'DilW to IifU tMse ' Mrity b"lLt i~ t he wintu.
(3) 10.'" k.s-e, / As z ..."s soY"".I. / AAy""'Y' thr. pl.!te is . bsolutely
jor"edu.J, "U I'H4'!rbLe Ii( ~ white linett... f m. Jit~ i.,. m.y beJroom. (or (If) ~ -t-o
...hiN< <X c.... / sh<>...u. z soy. / ~ Y"'~ ' Mitk:t bd"" ",!) beside tHe
OrnA ltW1t,, 1 po~, ~oki~ (5) HoltVi!lI'er' , / of c.o...rSlt, / AJo k:1MA-t"
out t4 StA.

I .id,,'t eeptet tHe ""..,e t, be so s"""U - thue ere ,.uy si.< bd"","",. M 5 -e-<1..1. /
r 1f1eO.1\ , / ~er o.ll , wilh "U MUkJ ec-wiver "..w
dtiLJren, YO K'd think.. he'd rtad
m4re sp"c.e, WD"u."~t yOK? (7) 5-t"ill , / M.1't'ti~e~.ly, / 1JD hMA~ he preftrs

C.tJmil18 we O ~ hir own! (I) All i l\ o.ll, ~ho""'lh, / ay ~he lAJO.y , / of c.o...rSlt,
it i still vuy Ul~ rt"bLe ",s We Mve siJc puple t o lsok: 'fjtu- w , i~lKdil18 t he , Mu.jftM.r
ofM i<kJ jcep, so wi re,3'i'!3 'ff '" ut.ri ",UUJ thr. isl.!'" t ," Y. (q) As Z MlS
.so.yi"'J, / 5-t"i..LL , / M ,leos~ we will if the (.(Jok. I'H4'!l1Ii(j U to j'et SDMt. M<lre
~MP~1\e. "'~ Ul~r i.tt. time fir thG pu.m lwtdt.
01<, (fO) by ...10.< """Y' / ,f y"'' ' OS/< ...... / . f -eer ""ve y,u .1..1 . ""-r' .b,ut
ud Ahx? TerribLL, is":t it? (11) c.......
-eo -ehiN< <X , .... / As .". <X
f ....... / >k> k,.J,-e I 1'1", sp"lki'!3 to kis ex-wife ,.uy test: weeJ<. I w''''er if shr.
""'ws . ~ .b,ut it. D' write .... teU ...... • U thr. I.!test,3,ssip.
(U) 10.'" kos.... O,,,y"""Y ' / 5<> ...'" Sf"'oI<. I MUSt,3' . ... '""se ur to, k
.b,ut thr. Iwtth. 5ye fo r ,",1'1.

MKGk ~ye,
T.m
,
•

24 Unit 4 • Celebrity
Tags and replies Pronunciation
. . . GrammarReft rtnce 41 Studmt's aook plSl J Intonation in question tags
2 Forming the eorreettag IID Do th e qu estions in the conversation in the
IDI Write the co rrect auxiliary 10 fo rm questi on s, p revious exercise rise or fall? Write R or F in th e boxes.
question tags. reinforcemen t tags, same way tags or Then listen and check.
reply questions.
10 7 0
2 0 8 0
30 9 0
40 10 0
5 0 11 0
6 0 12 0

2 IDI Listen an d decide if th e inton ation is co rrect in

the follo wing questions . Rep eat the co rrect ones and
practise saying th e othe rs with the eorreet int on at ion.
1 [l] Lovely da r, isn't it?
2 0 You're a clever girl, aren't you?
3 0 Drive carefully, dear, won't you?
4 0 I'm late, aren' t I? Sorry.
5 D You haven't seen my pen anywhere, have you!
Edith I've had a lovely even ing, de ar. You look ti red .
6 0 Let's ca11 it a day, shaUwe!
You enjoyed it. ( 1) .didÜ you!
Hugh 'res, it's jus t been a la ng dar . But the play was
7 0 Give me a hand with this, will youi

ma rvello us, (2) it? And it had 8 0 You haven' t got ch ange for a fiver, have you?

such a sur prising endi ng, (3) it? 9 0 You couldn't len d m e ten pound s till tomorrow,
Edith Mm. And I thoug ht Robert McFari and was very eould you!
good. He's a great 3 Cl 01, he (4) _ 10 0 You look tired. 'rou've had eno ugh, baven't you!
Hugh Yes, but h e's aged so much . He's ab out to reri re 1I 0 Kirk Douglas never wen an Oscar, d id he?
soon , (5) he? 12 0 You're angry with m e, are n't you! 1 can tell.
Ed it h Yes, he is. He's certainly go t a lot of gter hair
now, (6) he? I've heard he's been
ha ving a few problem s recently,
Hugh He's been having problerns, (7) _
he? I d idn't know.
Edit h Yes. He ha s a drink p roblem .
Hugh (8) hei
Edith Yes. Didn't you see his hand shaking?
Hugh (9) it? Goodness! I did n't not ice.
You don 't m iss anyth ing, (10) you?
Edith By th e way, would you like anothe r drlnk!
Hugh Be careful, dear, (11) you! You're
y",,:<:E lliJGRy
d rivin g, rem embe r? wvt« MG,IVU:"rr
Edith OK. Let's go ho me, (1 2) we? -(01/: I CJ4)/ nu.
Hugh Good Id ea.

Unit 4 • Celebrity 25
 Listening 2 Match the expressions th at Andy uses with the
definit ions.
4 Would you like to befamous?
IID Andy was asked if he would like to be famous [TI an end in itself
and what be rhought th e ad van tages and disadvantages
would be. He was also asked if he'd ever fant asized
2 0 bump int o some one
abo ut being famo us for anythi ng in particular. 3 0 hanker after
Listen to An dy talking an d answer th e q uestio ns. 4 0 it takes all sor ts to m ake a world
5 0 lost in my own thoughts
6 0 rub sho ulders with
7 0 the m ind boggles
8 0 what on earth

a want someth ing very much

b socialize with (fam ous peopl e)
c thinking hard about somethi ng, so un aware
of my surro un dings
d I can hardly ima gine or accept an idea
e meet someone un expectedl y
f so meth ing th at is considered importan t in its
own righ t
g whatever (used for emphasis)
h people are all different from one anothe r

3 Im Co mplete th ese extracts with the expr essions

And y used (from exercise 2). T hen listen and check.

Ihave to say thatfor me (1) _

Wh ich two reason s doe s Andy give for not wanting when Ihaveto thinkabout(1) _
to be famous!
couldpossess people to want to hevethat fate in Iife, to be
He would end up feeling desper ate to get famous,endit certainly mekes me realizethat
on television. (J) _
2 He would hate it when people he didn't know
talked to hirn in the street.
3 He would n't Iike people to recognize h irn. ... I'm the kind of person, if I'mshopping, walking inthe street.
4 He would wa rry about not getting enough and I'mnot even that keen when I(4) _
media atte ntio n. Iknow, because Ido like to walkareund and be. a Iittle bit lost
2 Wh ich two exam ples doe s he give of a more inmy own world really, (5) , ...
gratifying kind of fame!
1 Being remernbered for doing something
socially valuable. Ithink that a lot of people who (6) _
2 Being immediately recogniz ed for a significant fame really don't cere whet they might befamous for- they
m edi cal discovery. just want to befamous. Farne is (7) _
3 Writing some wonderfull y novel ar ticles for They want to bethe centre of attention, they crave adulatlon
a newspaper. they want to (8) pop stars and
film stars.
4 Bein g a guest o n cultu ral TV progr ammes.

26 Uni!4 • Celebrity
Vocabulary
5 Farne and the media
Com plete the text with th e words in the box .

brutality cont radictions delve gossip idol s loathe

obsessed photo op portu nity privileged published revere soap opera

Celebrity may be trivial, but we, the pubüc. w ant it to stay When r rtnces s
Diana died in a car crash. such was the outrage at the press for apparently
hounding th e woman to her death that It seemed for a briefperiod th at
paparazzi photographs would DO Ionger be (1) _
But the media quiddy regained its insatiable need to
(2) into the private üves ofthe rieh end famaus. Now,
magazines like Heat and Hellol thrive on paparazzi shots. and everything
from a footballer's mental crists to Diana's son's drug problems is treated
as another celebrity (3) by both the t abloid and broadsheet
press . (Inddentally, if she achieved little else, Diana showed that the only
viable future for the monarchy is celebrity. The alternative ts a rather dull
_ __ _ _ that nobody wants to watch.)
Our relationship with celebrity is clearly not without Its problems
and (5) • We seem to have developed a bulimic appetite for fame.
consuming endless spin, rurnour and (6) before spewing it all back
out in disgu st at the celebrity 's (7) and pampered lifestyle . We build
them up but love to knack them down.
We are (8) with celebrity. but like a confu sed stalker, we are not sure whet her
to (9) or ridicule the farnous, whether tc adore or (10) them. As the author
Daniel Boorstin once put it: the celebrity's 'relauon to morality and even realiry is highly ambiguous'.
Tha t's why it help s that th e media stands between us and our (11) on the other side of th e
glass. It mean s we can blame th e press for its (12) , its sensationalism and its Intrusiveness.
and we can buy the press for t he same reasons .

2 Match th e words from the text wit h the definit ions.

I 0 trivial a impossible to satisfy

2 0 to hound b hab it of enteri ng into people's private Iives
3 0 papa ra zzi c to pursue som eone constan tly
4 0 insatiable d so meo ne who's obsessed with som eone else
5 0 topamper (often a famous person) and follows th em aro und
6 0 a stalker e to treat with excessive kin dn ess and comfort
7 0 to rid icule f photographers who take pictures of th e rich and famou s
8 0 intrusiven ess g to make someone look foolish
h of littl e im portance

Unit 4 • Celebrity 27
 6 Antonyms 2 Complete the lett er with adject ives fro m exercise I.

The seme ward can have different

meanings, and therefore different KIN LO CH H OTEL
antonyms. The opposite of apoordiet ISLE OF SKYE
ts a bafanceddiet; t he op posite of poor
quality is high quality.
OUrMuM,
Write th e opposite of the followin g ~s-r ....0 ItA- tj0ll I:I\Oul »e: IVe. +;Mlltj arrivt-d Ir\. ~lfe. . 'The. boa-t-
ad;ectives. Choose (rom the words in the box. crossil\'] 1-0 ..f-ke. iSltll'ld AlaS 0 1( a++e..r all, .H\OluJ~ .r~l. Sl.a

bu mpy wtlS a bi.r m tlM Stldllj .f"~l. sl::lj wtlS Vl.rlj" dlllJ
excessive tlltd (2) . I .r~Ollqk.f" -H1tn wtlS t'joiltt'j -tc be. tl
extre me s.ror"'M tl.r OM po;It.r. llt . /-lu. ud i.f" waS vulj" plusalt.f" Olt .f"kl.
guilty
boa.r, W i.r~ jllS.f" a ('3 ) bree.ae. .
mod est/humble
Tke, ~o.f-tJ St..1t.f" a du.p -tc pic.l:: «s up a.r -f-hl. karbollr, wkic.k
overcast
plain , .rkOllqk.r waS a bi.r t.Y:et...ssivt. lllt.r/l Wt. St...r 0++ up a lt iltcruiQIlj"
successful ClO roaJ -tc -H1e. ko-f-l1. lkl. cowl:trtjsiJl. is vUlj"
(6) , as lj"OllIJ 1.Y:pu..r ir1. 'Dc.o.f-laItJ, aM .r~l.re. tlrl.

rich food plailltood. a ma z iltq vil.ws ~ e.vulj k/ll-f-op. te's So re.la Y:iltq ke.re. - 1 -l-kir1.1::
IIJ becowe. a ve.rlj" (b) pe.~O It i+ ' live..d SofV.t..wkul. lil::e.
rieh colour
-l-kis. Mtj he.dic li+e. ilt f:d i....bllrqk a lrutdlj SUI\l.S a (1) _

2 vain atte mpt lIl.l.rIlorlj.

vain person /Ne.'ve: alrUldtj 5ample..d .rKt.. bt.s.f" 0+ Sec..H isk ClliSiltl. - ra-f-hu
3 calm sea
(8) +ooJ, tj0ll miqk.r Stllj", bll.r vutj +re..s\t iltqr'e..die.....-l-s
tlltJ qe.....e.ro llS ~e.lpiltqs . 1 1\1. s·hll Olt .f-he. die..r aM 1'lI l::u p COM.f"iltq
1

calm perso n
1
.f"ke. c.aloril.s bu-f- i.r' ll be. a ('f) tl.r.rl.l\I.p.f-, 1 1\1. se-e.
4 stiff breeze TOl\lorT'ow we.'rt. 0++ -tc -l-ke. Talisl::l.r wkisktj dis -rlllerlj. Mil::e..
stiff punishment pt"OfU.ise.s ~e. ' 11 o....llj COItSllme. a <10'l a l\l.owl-r wk/le.
we.'re. .fhe.re., bll.r I .fitiltl:: I'd be.H "u drive.,jllS.r i.... case.
5 moderate amou nt
m od erate po litics
Al\tjwatj I\Ws.r qo ",ow. Ilrr pkOltl. lj"0lI wke..... /.Ilt,.. ql..r .ro l....vereees .
Muck tcve.,
6 d istant relation Ca.f-hu iltl.
distant memory

7 f1at countryside
tlat road

8 dear sky
d ear conscience

28 Unit4 · Celebrity
7 Synonyms and antonyms:formal and Phrasal verbs
info rmal
8 Phrasal verbs with a partic1e and preposition
Weite formal versions of th ese sentences Com plete th e sente nces wit h the correct tense of a verb from A
usin g the words in brackets. Somet imes th e plu s a particle and p repositio n from B. Use each verb once and
for m o f th e words will need to be ch anged. each part icle and prepo sition pair three times.
I recognl zed th e type of tree but I couldn't
A B
th ink of its name. (jamiliar / identifyl
come end face infor
Jhejyputttu .wadamil.iar..but..UQ!lldtll- r",1 keep out of
80
idep!titY.it. look p", pull upto
2 I don't believe th is government can sort "n stand talk up with
out th e econo m ic p roblems.
(faith / ability / salve) l Oh, dear. We ~vt. ru~Klot coffee. I'll get some more fro m the
corn er shop.
2 A Are you going to Mick's par ty tonighti
3 They tried to sail aro und the wo rld B No, I don't it. I've got a bit of
but were un su ccessful. a head ache .
(attempt I end / failure)
3 Alan is off we rk today so l'm _
him at the m eeting.
4 Now that you're a fath er rou have to _
4 T hey don't allow people to smoke h ere.
your responsibilit ies.
(smoking / permitted)
5 I won't th is behavio ur any
la nger. If you do tha t again, I'll send you to you r roo m!
6 I was going to resign fro m my job, but my boss _
Now weite informal ver sion s of the se me it.
sentences using th e word s in brackets. 7 I invested some money in the stock m arket , but I
Sometimes the form of th e words will need
_ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ less th an I started with .
to be changed,
8 Th e finance m inister a lot of
S She's constantly finding fault with hirn.
criticism after he raised interest rates by 2%, but he defended
(always / criticize)
h irnself vigorously.
9 I do n't really team sp orts, but
I playa lot of tenn is and I go running twi ce a week.
6 I hope he recovers before too long.
(hopefully / get better Isoon) 10 Due to cuts in th e defence budget, th e arm y will
_ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ th e occup ied territories.
11 Don't walk so fast! I can' t you.
12 Many peopl e Nelson Mand ela
7 It's fortu nate th at my sa n isn't obliged to
attend school on Sat urdays. as astatesman with real personal integrity.
(Luckily I have to I go 10)

ENDQUOTf

8 It's clear th at he insulted her deliberately. 'The nicething about being a celebrity isthat when you bore pecple.
(obviously / rude / on purpose) they think it'sthelrfault.'
Henry Kissinger (former US Secretary of State)

Unit 4 • Celebrity 29
 Adding emphasis • Negative inversion- -ever for emphasis
Verbs to describe different sounds
Phrasal verbs - relationships
. ,
Love" . . . . I

Adding emphasis 2 Negative inversion

.... Gnmrmr ReftnnU S.l Student's 800k plSl
1 Structures which add emphasis Rewrite the sentences, making them more emphatic.
. . . Grammilr Refer"Ce 5.15tudmt's BocHl plS1 Start each new sentence with a word or phrase from
Rewrite each sentence, emphasizing the words in italics. the box.
Start with either \Vhat .. . o r Ir .. .. (Sometimes both
are possible.I In no way Linle Never before Never again
No sooner than Nothing Not until
I sent her a bun ch of f1owers.
Not only but also Nowbere Rarely
Wbatl didJ'tlu,nd litt-a ~u"elLot1fowen: t.
2 1 sent her a bunch of flowers. I won't ever allow myselfto be deceived in such
ItWa$lll.JMt s'''th.u btUlel\...Qt1!QWt(l:._ a manner again.
Ne,VK '9.ill will~.IIOW-,"y"alttQ. bt dtuivtd i" Sll~

•tlt.""tl....
2 One rarely finds a person of such integrity
as Michael.

3 His surliness annoys me more than anything.

4 He little suspected that she was seeing another man.

3 He should avoid antagonizing her.

5 I've never been spoken to like thatl

4 His uncompromising anitude surprised me.

6 She was rude and she was mean.

5 His heavy drinking worries me.

7 As soon as he ended the relationship he starred

6 She feit dreadful abo ut leaving herhusband.
another one.

7 She divorced hirn.

8 You won't fi nd a kinder man anywhere!

8 His bad manners really annoy me.

9 He didn't realize the error of his ways until she
th reatened to leave him.
9 He proposed to her last week.

10 Her reaction could in 00 way be described as

10 Sam and Jo went to Hawaii on their honeymoon. sympathetic.

lO Unit 5 • Love is . . . ?
3 The use of -evedor emphasis
whatever, whoever,however, etc .
mean it doesdt matter what I who /
how, et c.
Whatever you sar, nobody wiff
believe you now.
::: tt dcesn'tmatter what you say, .~
C o m plete the sente nces w itb whatever,
whoever, whichever, whenever, wherever,
er however.
Teenagers are rema rkable when it
comes to m oney; much
you give them, it's neve r enoug h.
2 T here are th ree cakes left. Take
o ne yo u wa nt.
3 yo u're in Athe ns, yo u
must look me up.
4 Someone's taken m y di ct ionary.
it was, could they
pl ease give it back to m e.
S The library was closed, so r had to
rely on books I h ad
at home.
6 possible we have
tr ied to Testa re the ha use to its
or iginal state.
7 He's always ringing up from Paris
Cf NewYork Cf to say
how m uc h he Joves me.
S m an y times I'm to ld
so meone's name, I ca n never
remember it.
9 I hope that you vote fo r
in the next election, you at least know
why you are vo ting for th em.
10 T his pa rt of the machi ne gets very
hot, so
r a u da, don'r
tou ch it.
4 Ways of adding emphasis
.... Grammar Rtference S.1- 4 Student's Book plS2
IDI Co mplete the seco nd versio n of the co nversat io ns usin g
sc me of the ways of adding emphasis sh own in the G rammar
Reference.
1
A Ben's very happy in his new jo b.
B He works fo r So ny, doesn't he!
A No, he us ed to wo r k for So ny. H e works for H itachi now.
He reaHy likes it th ere.
B I'm interest ed in why he left Sony. I thought he reaHy liked
his job there.
A He liked the pay, but the hours were very lo ng.
A Ben's very ha pp y in his n ew job.
B 11'$ SQI'lU e-.W.1ll'.ksJor..lsiLt...ttt
A No, he used to wo rk fo r Sony. _
He really Iikes it there.
B _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . 1thought
he rea Hyliked h is job there.
A _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ , but the ho urs we re very la ng .
2
C You don't love me any more!
D I love you, hone stly.
C No, you don't. I really ha te the way yo u just deny everyth ing!
D But I do that because you make such outrageous accusations!
C Yo u d o n't love m e a ny more!
D , honestly.
C No, yo u don't. !
D
3
E Did you see the accident?
F Yes. The black car d idn't sto p at th e lights.
E Are yo u absolutely certain! I thought the driver of the white
car wa s to blame.
F No, th e black car definitely caused the accident.
I was surprised he didn't sto p . The lights wer e d early red.
--'
E Did yo u see the accident!
F Yes. _
E Are yo u absolutely certain ? _
F
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . The lights we re d ea rly red.
Unit S • Love is... ? 31
 Listening
5 Martine and Jaap
UD Listen again to M artine and Iaap's 2 UD Listen again . 00 these statements
story (fro m Student's Book p48). refer to Martine or Iaap ! Write M or J.
Vocabulary note a 0 was a teacher
to throw the day to tu rn the day into pots b 0 taught po ttery skills
(he kiln th e aVe" in whi ch pots are bake d c 0 my pott ery im proved
d 0 throws th e pieces
Answer th e questions. e 0 hand paints th e pottery
What was Iaap doing in Proven ce
twe nty-two years ago? 3 Wha t da Martine en d Iaap use these
adjectives to desc ribe? You can look
at th e tapescri pt on p84 to check.
2 What does Iaap Iike about Mont Vent oux?
irresistible

3 Why do es Martine like to wake up to the 2 wonderful

sight of th e mountain ?
3 en tranc ing

4 Where and when did Iaap fall in love with

Martine? 4 exhausted

5 poor
5 Why does Martine th ink that Iaap learned
to become a potter so quickly ? 6 creative

Pronunciation
6 Sentence stress
1 Oll Match a question o r statement in A with a response in B, acco rd ing to t he stress patt ern (th e stressed wo rds are
in itaUes). Then listen, ch eck , and repeat.

A 8
1 [!] I hear Ian e's ju st b ough t a secon d-han d Volvo Bstate . a She's go t a brand-new Volvo estate.
2 [!] Wh at kin d o f car has Iane got ? b She's got a brand-newVolvo estate.
3 0 I like Iane's brand- n ew Volvo saloon . c She's got a b rand -new Volvo estate.

4 0 Wh at na tion ality is she! d I thought she was German.

5 0 loh n said she was German. e I thought she was German.
6 0 Frank said Heid i wa s Swiss. f I thought sh e was German.

7 0 I hear you married Anne's sister last week. g I'm goi ng to marry Anne's sister!
8 0 I hea r you' re going to marry An ne. h I'm going to mar ry Anne's sister!
9 0 I' ve just proposed to An n e's sister, I' m going to m arry Ann e's sister!

10 0 Wha t kin d of novel s do you like! J I like reading romantic novels.

11 0 Why do you read such ru bbish i k I like reading romantic novels.
12 0 What do yo u like readin g! I I like read ing romantic novels.
13 0 He never speaks a wo rd of truth. m I co uld tell he was lying.
14 0 What did you th ink of what he said! n I could tellhe was Iying.
15 0 What d id you th ink o f what th cy said! o I could tell he was lri ng.

32 Unit 5 • Love is . .. ?
Vocabulary
7 Problems, problems .. .
1 Match the headings, lett ers fro m read ers, and th e repli es. 2 Co m plete the texts in exercise I with th e adjectives in
the box.
Heading Letter Reply
com mi tted crus hed fait hful fond
I fan ey m y friend D D indign an t in fatuated passionate unattractive
Shou ld I reveal he's a cheat? D D
He never rakes me o ut D D

Letters
m My sisrer's husband is cheating on her,
a nd he 's weil aware t hat I know all about it.
I'rn amazed th at he can pass the t ime of d ay
with me as if everyth ing is fine. He' s never
actually men tioned his affa ir, no t even
indireetl y. I feelt'm in a real dltemme.
I' m quite d ose t o my siste r and feel very
(1 ) on her behalf.
Naturally, my instinct is t o tell her, bu t I'm Replies_ _ .....
I
an xiou s not [0 ca use her ehe grief [h a t wo uld
follo w if she leamt th e t rut h. a Th is man obviously has a hold on you , b ut you can

m" ';;~~" b~'~~-;~';~'~" ~'~~'~i~h" ~;'b~;ri~~-d" " '-
fc r nearl y rhree years. I still love hirn (0 bits,
and he s hows quite a lot of affeerle n for me
whe n we' re alon e. The problern is, he d o esn 't
wa nt to take me an ywhere. He go es o ut
dubbing wit h his m ates a t the weekend,
but he hardly ever go es out wirh me. lt's not
as if I' m (2 ) , so what
is it? 15 he ashamed of me for some rea son,
o r is he just hoping to meet so meo ne better?
[I]-~;~~-b~~-~';~~~~" iri~~d'~" :i~h-~~'~'~f" " '--" '-
my male co lleag ues for a lo ng time, but just
recently, and quite unexpectedly, I've become
(3 ) with him. He's
(4) o f me, but there's
never been a ny indication rhar he fan eies me .
I' m agon izing over w hat to d o. I often fee ion
rhe verge of expressing my feelings to hirn , but
I fea r it migh t m ean the end of a re a lly good
friendship, We're both u nattached, b y th e way.
hard ly call som eone who never ta kes you ou t you r boyfriendl
He's obviously undennining your confidence in yo urself, an d
he sho uldn 't feel he can get away with it. Tell him you wa nt him
to show he's really (5) to the relat io nship
a nd pay so me attention to your needs. And if you don't get
resulrs, I thin k yo u shoul d move on to pastu res new.
m '-;'~~;'~~" ~~~" ~'~-;~;d" ;~'~ 'b~'~f'h~~~';~~-~'~~i~~~~~'d" ~~~'-" '-" " '-
what happens then . You never know , he may weil be waiting
for a n overtu re fro rn yo u before mak ing a move. You cou ld then
be co mplet ely open a bout your (6) ==-
feelings . However, if he doesn 't reciprocate, try hard not to feel
(7 ) . Yo u'lIj ust have to la ugh it off.
m --~~'ri~'~'~~': -~hi~:'~~d" I- f:~i" f~;'~~':~" ~~~" ~'~~~'k~'~:':h'~~'-" '-
goes on behind closed doors, t hou gh, a nd your sisrer may weil
just be turning a blind eye. For a ll yo u know, she may not be
(8 ) eieher. You could co nfront your
brother-in-Iaw, but he might claim rhar it's none ofyour business.
You co uld also suggest to him t hat the y go eogecher to e marriage
cou nsello r. Whatever yo u do , I d on 't thin k you should te ll yo ur
sister until yau have a c1ear idea of the bigger pietute .

Unit5 • love ts ... ? 33

 8 Ward puzzle
Co rnplete the wa rd pu zzle. (All the words and
phrases are in the texts on p33.)
Across
2 love screooe a lct (informal) (4. 7, 2. 4)
1 deep sadoess (I)
4 escape punishment for sornething you did wrong (3. 4.4)
5 Mficult (informa IJl6)
6 find somebody artracnve (informal)(5)
7 notmarried or with a regular boyfriend / girtfriend ~O}
8 renm (feelings) ~11
9 behave as if you farq someone. but not seriously (5)
10 anopening rrove in a relationship (9)
11 someooe who helps rramed cccples to resolve problems (8. 10)
12 friends (informal)(I)
1) spend time talking casually (4, 3, 4, 2, 3)
14 igrore a problem (4.1. I.l)
15 beoof,.hfulto (1.1)
16 take action to get something sterred (4.1, 4)
17 a sena l relationshipusually involving sorneone wbos married (6)
18 leave behind tbe old dmmsterces of ooes life (4.2,2.8, 3)
Down
1 inprivate (6. 6. SI

1
2

s ~
•
7
8

•
I.
11

12
13

14
•
I'
I.
17
•
18
11.
-=
14 Unit S • Love is .. . ?
9 Adjectives and nouns Synonyms
Com plete the table. Use your d iction ary to help you.
11 Verbs to describe different sounds
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the
1- -'-- - - - - - - - - 1
1
Adjective

admiring
Noun

~dMiratil:m!L _
verbs in th e box. Use each verb on ce with its literal
meaning, and on ee with a metaphorical meaning.
2 afraid buzz rattle roar
J anxlous ru mble siam squeak
4 astonished Literal meaning
5 committed
1 He the door in rage as he left.
6 considerate
2 Th ese new shoes make a noise when
7 deceitful
I walk upstairs.
8 devoted
3 The lion stood up in its cage and _
9 disloyal
frightening an the children .
10 faithful
11 grateful 4 I could hear the thunder in the
12 indignant distance.
13 infatuated 5 The old stairs as I walked up them.
14 proud 6 A What's th at noise?
15 romantic B It's just the cat at the door,
16 suspictous 7 Th e dog was held on a long chain that
_ _ _ _ _ when it moved around.
8 The bees were around the flowers.
10 Nouns from adjectives + preposition
Co rnplete the senten ces with at. for. in, 0[, o r to. Use Metaphorical mean ing
each preposition twice. 9 Lorries along this road at an
I am full of admiration the way in which
incredible speed. It's very dangerous.
she hand led the negotiation s. 10 1 couldn't sleep because rny head was _
2 They take great pride their son's academic with th oughts of th e day to corne.
ach ieveme nts. 11 The play was by an the critics in the
3 Th e Health Minister praised the nur ses for their press, apart from one, who thought the leading actor
devot ion duty, saved the show.

4 She has a strong, simple faith God. 12 Without thinking, he off a lan g list of
things we needed to buy.
5 There was widespread public indignation _
th e way th e hostages were t reated . 13 There's been a huge increase in plann ing
applications and the system is under
6 He was arrested on suspicion mu rder.
the strain.
7 He sho uld show more consideration the
14 I was very lueky to get a place on the course.
feelings of others.
Someo ne dropped out at the last minute, so 1just
8 His commitment the cause of hum an rights
_ _ _ _ In.
was total.
15 The argument about the new pay strueture
9 He expressed utter astonishm ent the
_ _ _ _ _ on for many rnonth s before the
outcome of the election.
un ion s finally decided to take action.
10 Araehnophobia is an extreme or irrat ional fear
16 I've been rny head trying to corne up
___ splders.
with a solution.

Unit 5 • love is ... ? 35

 Phrasal verbs
11 Relationships
1 Write the ph rasal verbs under the correct heading in the table.
Starting a relationship Finishing a relationship

ask sb out b reak sth off chat sb up 8$k sb out

fall for sb get off with sb get over sb 15th
go off sb pack sb in p ick sb up
run after sb split u p with sb walk out on sb

2 Complete the conversatio ns with the correct form of a ph rasal verb from exercise 1.
I A Did you hear that Sarnant ha and Oliver have (I ) _$pJjtJ~p_ ?

B No!
A Yes. She (2) hirn last week.
B 00 you th ink there's a chance they'll get back to gether!
A No way. Ap parently Sama ntha's (3) the engagement arid
retu rn ed th e ring.
S Ob, dear. He's besotted with her. He'Il take forever to (4 ) it.

2 C I saw you at th e pa rty last night, (5) that go rgeous-looking boy.

D Yeah, but tha t's all we did - talk. I didn't (6) him or anything.

3 E Are David and Iudy still going out?

F No. He', (7) her _
E That didn't last la ng.
F No. He's always (8) girls and dumping them un ceremo niou sly
after a few weeks.

4 G l' ve noticed Sally's starting to flirt with Iames. I think she's (9) _
H I don't know wha t she sees in him, fran kIy.
G No. I quite liked him at first, h ut I've really ( 10) h irn now.

ENDQUOTES ••• on love

Match a ph rase in A with A B

a phrese in B to make 1 0 love at fi rst sight ls pcssfble, a repent at leisure.
qu otat ions abou t love. 2 0 love is blind - b to beirresistibly desired.
3 D love can hope c but everything in life.
4 D Marry in haste, d butit pays to take a secend look.
S D love is an lrresistible desire e or do Ihave to walk past you again?
6 0 love is shown in your deeds. f marriage is the eye-cpener,
7 D 00 you believe in love at first sight g not in your words.
8 D love means nothing in tennis h wherereason would despair.

36 Unit 5 • l ove is ... ?

 Passives ' seem and appear
Nouns fo rmed from phrasal verbs
Idioms with pairs of words
Newspeak
- "

Passives 9 They were skiing in the area when the avalanc he

starred. (presu med)
1 Reportingwithpassive verbs
~ Gnnunv Rri~e 61 StuHnt's Book pm
Rewrite the follow ing sentences using the verb in
brackets. 10 The rival factio ns are heading for an agree ment on
the disputed territory, (th ought)
Don McCullin is one of the greatest war
photographers. (considered)
DOIIJ!feCulli'lis: " "side,rUjd' Ofle, .ot tllu rutt$f_
watpllotograp"m <-
2 Passive revision
2 He suffered fro m recurring nightm ares after
Rewrite the two rad io news stories, below and on p38.
working in Vietnam. (said}
using passive ccnstructions whe re appropriate.

People beve hailed a teenagegirl a herc aftersbejumpe<! into

3 The new presiden t is a moderate. (said)
4 He was an active trade un ioni st when he was young.
(known )
5 The rain will die out this afternoon. (expected)
a canal to save a child's life. Kate MilIs, tbree, fell intc the
canal while strappedinto herpushchair. Several passers-by
saw the lncident from thetow-path, but it was the girl who
leapt intc the water and dragged the buggyto thesutface. A
passing fireman pulled Kate and the girl from the water and an
embulancetook tbem to hospital. Theydischarged them both
after abrief check-cp. They have not yetidentifled the girl,
who leftthe hospital wirheut tevealing her neme, butlocals
belteve she isfrom outside the atea.

Atu"age girlhac Du'!.baileda hero after •••

6 Th e escaped p rison er is heading for Scotland.

(reported}

7 She has an income of over f.lOO,OOO. (supposed )

8 Three people have been k illed in an avalanche.

(believed)

Unit 6 • Newspeak 37
 2 3 seem and appear
.... Grammar geference 6.) Student's Book pm
Rewrite th e sentences using seem and appear with different
structu res. In some you need to use a to infinitive, in the others
a that d ause.
1 It seems that he stole the money.
Hut~m.s to h_ay.$to_ltn tht Itl.Q!lty,-
2 Th ey appear to be missing.
ltappurslll41J:hf.y'r e_m.issin9....
3 It appea rs that the outlook for torno rrow's weather is good.

4 Tom app ears to have been expelled from his school.

5 She seems to be enjoying life now that the tr ial is over.

6 It seemed tha t the ou sted d ictator had left th e country.

Aherck cockatoo that someone killed last
mcnthas it tried to defend ltsowner may
nothave died in vain. Peopleclaim that 'Bird', 7 Tbe spokesman seemed to be avoidin g the journal ist's questions.
whc its cwner named afterthe basketball
player Larry Bird, mayprovide vital evidence 8 It would app ear that th e gang have been arrested by the police.
ina murder trial. When someone fatally
attacked Bird's ownet, Kevin Butler, at his
9 It appears th at their marriage has broken up.
hcme in Texas, the cockatoo fought back.
8ird managed to wound the twoassailants
befcre they stabbed it to death with a fork. 10 The athlete would appear to have failed the d ru gs test.
Nowpeople hopethet DNA they scrape from
Bird's d aws will helpconvict the suspected
killers.

'He ilppears totuve eilten somehomeworl<:

38 Unit 6 • Newspeak
Listening 3 Im Listen again to the news sto ries. Co mplete the tasks below.
4 Can it be true?
Story I Are the sentences true or false? Correct th e false ones.
1 l1li Listen to th e news sto ries and
complete the h eadlines. 1 0 Leona rdo Diaz was an expe rienced mou ntain dimbe r.
2 0 He tried to use his mobile phone when he got into
difficulties .

(1) _
3 0 At one poin t he thought he was going to die.
4 0 Th e phone com pany called to query the bill.
saves climber S 0 The phone co mpa ny ernp loyees ph oned h irn frequently
to stop hi rn falling asleep.

Story 2 Answer th e questions.

1 Why was the pilot flying his glider?
Pilot (2) on crlcket
pltch at royal palace
2 What made him try to land in a 'n ice-looking field'I

3 Why d id the police make an appea rance?

'C ompensation Awards' 4 What was Her Majesty's reaction to the ep isodei

launched by (3) _

Story 3 Co rnplete th e chart.

Amount of Reasonfor Wh)' was he/she

compensation compensation parti)' to blame1
2 Ma tch th e wo rds and definiti ons.

I 0 novice Stella
2 0 blizzard Uebeck
3 0 freak (adjective)
4 0 alert (verb)
5 0 glider
6 0 transpired
7 0 scaldi ng
8 0 hub cap Ca,\
Truman
a a plan e with 00 engine
b severe snowstor m
c round metal cover in the cent re
of a car's whee l
d warn sb about a dan gerou s situatio n Amber
e very un usual or unexpected Carson
f extre me ly hot (liquid )
g person with little experi ence
h became known later

Unit 6 • Newspeak 39
 Pronunciation Vocabulary
5 Reading the news 6 Nouns formed with a verband preposition
1 Im Read and listen again to the t hir d radio news 1 Complete the sentences with the cornpound nouns in
rep ort . Not e th e ma in st ress and links berween wo rds the box.
in con necred speech . Theo practise reading it aloud.
backJash breaktbrough check-up downpour
d rawback outco m e output setback
The numbe rpf compe nsa tion claims made
shake-up sp in-off upkeep upshot
bt,Americans fol1owi n~accidents' ha-t,increased

dramaticallypver the rast few years. No~ Teach ers are anxi ously awaiting the _
newspaper has launched the 'Stell'!..,Awards', of the pay negotlations.

nam ed after Stella Liebeck. who was awarded two 2 My land lord takes care of the flat , but I'm
~ ~
responsible for th e of the garden.
point nin e million dollars compensationjfter
3 Non-stick sauc epans are a from
spillinU cu1t9f scalding McDonald's coffee".p Q...her
technological advances in space research .
lap. A contender for t h is year't,awarc!Js Carl
4 The factory has increased by 20 per
Trumen, who won seven ry-four thousand d ollars.....
cent over th e past year.
afte r~h is hand was run~over bvv a neighbour's car. 5 Tbe government will face a from
At the time he was trying 10 steal th e hubcaps from pen sioners if th ey cut th e state pension .
the wheels. An other favou rit e is Am ber Carson,
V ~
6 Man ch ester United 's defeat is a serious
who received a hund red and thirteen th ousand _ _ _ _ _ to th eir chances of winning the cup,
~ ~

dollars fro m a Philad elphia res taurant after 7 The actcr's wife rnaintains that he ha s been to the
~ ~

slippin&J".....3 sp ilt soft dri nk. The drink wat,on lL docto r sim ply for a blood test and a _

o n th e floor because Carson had thrown it over 8 He believes the mai n to living in
~~

Tokyo is the high cost of livin g.

her boyfriend th irty seconds earlier,
~

9 The press photographers were caught in a sudde n

2 Im Look at th e fo11owing news report and mark
the m ain stress and links be tween words. Read it aloud,
th en listen and che ck.
Two eld erl y Ame ricans have trave11ed to Scotland to
meet the descendants of the fishermen wh o pul1ed
th em out of th e AtIantic over seventy years ago.
_ _ _ _ _ and got com pletely dren ched .
10 This drug rep resen ts a sign ificant in
th e fight aga inst AIDS.
11 Two stude nts were caught seUing drugs. The
_ _ _ _ _ of it a11 was t ha t the y were expe lled
fro m tbe school.
12 Th e new chief executive was bro ug ht in after a big
managernent _

Ianet Lee Hut chlnson , 77, and h er sister, Kath ryn, 2 Match an adjective in A with the compound noun in B
wh ich it collocates with.
78, were only six and eight when the ir pa rents'

plane came down off Greenland in 1932. In danger A B

of freezin g and without any food at all, they would

I torrentel
1 rnantal
•b spin-off
check-up
have died had it no t been for th e crew of the Lord J lucrative c downpou'
4 proIific d oercore
Talbot, wh o ne gotiated ice floes to reach them.
5 routine e output
'Th ey gave us the chance to have th e rest of our 6 fasccrable f break-up
lives , said Kathryn.

40 Unit 6 • Newspeak
7 Neuns with a special meaning in the plural Phrasal verbs
Com plete the pairs of sentences with th e noun s in th e
box. Th e same n e un is used in each pair of sen tences,
8 Phrasal verbs and neuns formed frem them
once in its singular and once in its plural form . Complete the sentences with the correct form of
th e phrasal verb s in the box.
damage experience good gro u nd
ho nour length pa in terrn b reak o ut crack down get together
rip off seil out write off
1 It has been an Jionout to work with you.
I Sh op- keepers always try to tourists
She has an l! O!lOut~ de gree in geog raphy.
_ _ _ _ _ by overch arging them.
2 I have a terrible in my ehest.
2 Tickets for t he concert have _
J took great to make hirn welcome. ______ . It's impossible to buy one n ow.
3 After t he acciden t, she had to come to _ 3 My sister an d I are very close. Wh enever we
with th e fact th at she would n't dance again . _ __ _ _ _ _ __ _ we have a good old
During his first of office, t he chat and a laugh.
President imp leme nted some maj or reform s. 4 If Interpol had mo re resou rces, they could
4 We need a person with relevant to fill _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ on drug sm ugglers.
the post. 5 Many peopl e believe that western banks sho uld
H e wrote a b ook about his whilst _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ deb ts owed by poor
crossing Africa on foot. countries that can't afford to service them .
6 The p rot est m arch was going weIl, bu t suddenly a
fierce figh t between
rival factions and a lot of d amage was don e.

.", .
5 The vicar was a kind man, and d id a lot of
_ _ _ _ _ du ring his Iife.
T he re is a wide ra nge of electricaI
sale in ou r village shop.
6 He was ashamed of his wo rking dass background ,
and went to great to co nceal it.
I can only swim one
swimm ing pool before I get tired.
7 Don't sit on the grass. The
I trus t Iohn . I have good
h is version of events.
8 Th e sto rm caused a lot of
Sh e was awarded f 20,OOO
Iibel case.
Now com plete these sentences with the same phra sal
verbs, th is time maki ng them into nouns. (All th e
n ouns have the verb as the first elem ent, except one.)
7 Th e foot ball match was a _
The capacity crowd enjoyed ever y m inute.
8 Police are havin g a on
speeding motorists, and im posing heavy fines.
9 Th ere has been a severe of food
po isonin g at the Iocal hosp ital.
on
10 We're having a little _
on Sun day to celebrate. Would you like to com e?
11 You paid someone .f800 to b uild that little wall!
Wha t a !
of th e
12 After th e accident, my car was a cornplete
_ _ _ _ _ and I had to get a
is still wet. n ew one.
for believing
_
in th e

Unit 6 • Newspeak 41
 Idioms
9 Pairs of nouns, adverbs, and verbs
Ma tch th e pairs oE no uns , adverbs, and verbs in A and B. (Look for 2 Choose the correct p airs.
rhym es, opposires, synonym e, and alliteration.) Then match each
pai r with th e correct de f inition in C. 1 It was hit and missI touch and go
whe the r he'd finish th e wor k o n time.

2 He can never m ake up his rnin d. He's

Pairs of nouns Definition always chopping and changing / picking
and choosing.
A 8 c 3 By and large / First and forem ost he d id
ver y weil in his fin al exams, though his
haves \ dealing a D corcromse maths results were a bit disappointing.
1 inS parcel b [I) the rkh and the poor 4 I should never h ave trusted him, hut yo u
l grve and go c 0 essential component ofsamething hit and miss/ live and leam, don't yo u?
4 wheeling \ outs d 0 intricate details 5 With a bit of give and take/ wheeling and
dealing I'm su re they can make th e
5 touch have-nots e 0 close to both success and failure m arriage work.
6 part take f 0 complexbusiness negotiations 6 It's OK. I can hear you Jar and wide/
loud and dear.
7 He had too much to drink and star ted
Pairs of adverbs Definition ra nting and raving / chopping and
changingab out politics.
A 8 C 8 Don't worry abo ut returning my CDs by
7 by foremost g o occasicnally th e weeken d. Iust give the m back to me
asand when/ now and again.
8 as again h o most important
9 fi rst
and
c1ear o whenever
9 Handli ng complaints an d dealin g with
difficult cu stomers are the insand outs /
10 far wide j o generally speaking part and parcel of my job.
11 loud large k o unmistakably cleer 10 He's got man y talen ts, but firstand

I o
joremost / by and large he's an actor.
12 now when everywhere

Pairs of verbs Definition

A 8 C
13 hit rave m 0 choose whatever suits you
14 live see n 0 inexact ENDQUOTE

15 wait miss o 0 complain by shouting angrily

' Reporters thriveont he world'smisfortune.
and
16 pick change p D become wiser For this reason they often takean indecent
17 rant leam q D repeatedly change one's mind pleasure in events that dismaythe rest
of humanity.'
18 chop choose r D bepatient and find out later
RusseIl Baker (Journalist)

42 Unit 6 • Newspeak
 Modal auxiliary verbs >Set expressions with modals
Stress and intonation of modal verbs >Prepositions in questions

Modal auxiliary verbs

....... Grammar Rmrenc:e 1.1- ) Studftrt's 800k pm

1 Expressingprobability
Complete the co nversations with will, won't, must, can't, or should, and an appropriate infi nit ive
(p resent o r pest, simple e r co ntin uous).

Lau ra He's already half an hour [ate, He

(4 ) (be) he re at eight and
it's nearly half past now. Oh. Mum, he
(5) (forget) !
Mu m Don't be siUy, dear. He (6) _
(forget). He (7) (be) delayed .
Lau ra Then wh y hasn't he called to let me knowi
Mum He (8) (have) a good reason, l'm
sure. I know! He (9) (drive) here
right now, so he won't be able to call you, will
hei Not while he's at the wheel. {doorbell rings}
There. That ( 10) (be) h im now.
Laura Hi, Tom. You're late!

2
Mark My ban k statement says l'm overd rawn. Th ere
(l ) (be) som e m istake . I
(2) Iget) through a whol e
month's salary already !
Lau ra {phone rings] lt 's O K, mum.I'Il answer it. Fiona We (3) (spend) too mueh
lt (1) JL (be) Tom .. . . 202558. Hello.. .. money on the houselately.
No, my Dad isn't in at the m ornent. .. . Mark But how come I'm overdrawn?
He (2) (get) back arou nd nine, Fiona It (4) (be) the DVD player we
I think. .. . OK. Bye. bought. It was OVCT three h un dred pounds.
Mu m Wh o was it? Mark How much bave you got in yOUT accountt
Laura He d idn't leave his name. 1t (3) Fio na Abo ut five hund red pounds.
(be) so meone fro m Dad's work beca use he Mark Ob, weil. Tbat (5) Iget) us
m en tioned b is boss . through to the end of the month if we're
Mum Weil, what time is Tom coming round anyway? careful.

Unit7 • Wordsof wisdom 4)

 2 Expressing possibility 3 Expressing obligation
Complete the sentences with an app rop riate in fin itive (present or Co rnplete the sente nces with must; need, or a
past , sim ple or co nt inuous). fo rm o f have ro. You will som etimes need to
use quest ion forms and negatives.
1 A What time ßo. we J!aveto_leave for
I wendet why Alan didn't buy me anything the airport?
for my birthday. I suppose he might B It's o nly a thirty-minute drive, so
(1) _h.avetQrgllttt ll (forget) . Or he rnight we go untiI 3.30.
(2) (think) _ _ _ __ do my packing.
tha t now I'm getting cn, I don't like to be I haven't started yet!
remi nded of my advancing years. On the ot her
2 How did you damage your bikei Yo u
hand. he may (3) (not target)! _ _ _ _ _ Iearn to look after your
He might (4) (give) me a present t his things. Whe n I was your age, I
evening whe n I see hirn . Oh no! He could (5) _ _ clean my bike every n ight.
(plan) a surprise party Hke last year. What a disaster that was !
3 Tb ere's a new Ind ian restau rant th at you
I hope he isn't doing it again!
_ _ _ __ go to. It's wonder fuI!You
_ _ _ _ _ book, though , because it's
popular already.

We haven't seen our cat stnce yest erday morni ng. I can't hetp 4 I'm su re she did n't m ean to up set you.
thinkinq that she might (6) (be run aver). You take everything so
Or a doq could (7) (frighten) her. She person ally,
may (8) (hide) in scmeone's garden shed. 5 r hate get u p on cold,
She might not (9) (be able to) get out! winter mo rnings.
But then cats do wa nder off scmeti mes. She may 6 I hate tell you this, but
(10) (be) fine and sorneone you've just got a pa rk ing ticket.
coutd (11) (feed)
7 I don't th ink a career in the army would
her now - in which case she may not
suit me . I wear a un ifo rm ,
(12) (be) in
for a start.
a hurry t o corne horne.
8 Yon wor ryabout me. I can
look after myself.

9 The docto r said I've got con junctivitis.

I wo nder why Heathe r has boug ht all t hese I pu t drops in my eye
cakes and biscuits? I suppose t here could twi ce a day.
(13) (be) a special 10 Wh at a wa nder nd mea l that was! You
• offer on at t he supermarket. Or she might _ _ __ _ gone to so mu ch trouble!
• (14) (have) friends
11 I was very concerned abo ut how my
round for tea this afternoo n. Come to t hink
da ughter would find going to her new
of it, sometimes she does some shopping
scheel, but I wc rried,
for old Dorot hy next door. so they may not
because she loved every minute.
all (15) (be) for Heat her.
12 You take out traveI
She might (16) (buy)
ins urance , bu t it's a good idea, just to be
some for Dorothy.
on the safe side.

44 Unit 7 • Words of wisdom

4 Set expressions with modal,
1 Complete each group of expressions in A with cne of these modal verbs: can, migbt, must, should, will. (Each gro up uses
the same modal verb , sornetirnes in th e negative form .) Then match th ern with tbe definitions in B.

A B

1 o You be joking. a T his is something ya u sho uldn't mi ss seeingldoing.

2 0 1 say, . .. b T he complete opposite is t ru e.
3 o It's a c I feel I should make th is poi nt st ro ngly.

4 o How I know? d I wouldn't be sur prised if ...

5 0 1 wo nde r if ... e Tha t's p recise1ywha t I would expec t in this situation .
6 0 1 think so too ! f Why da you expect m e to know?

7 O We see. g We can't control what will hap pen in the futu re.
S D Whatever be, be. h 1'11 be proved right.
.
9 o You see. I Let's wait and find out.

10 o You be serious. J No th ing can be done abo ut it.

11 O ll be helped. k You're absolutely right.
12 o You say t hat again. 1 I fin d that impossible to believe.

13 o You as well. m I'm not su rp rised .

14 0 1 have guesse d. n It would probab ly be b ett er if you did (and it won't do
any ha rm ).
15 o You well ask. 0 That's a good question.

2 Ch oose t he correct set exp ressio ns from exercise I to com plete th e co nversati ons.

1 A Did yo u hear tha t I lost my job last week?
B ( I) You can't beserious! / It car ü be he/ped.
A Yeah. They were handing out red u nd an cy notices
on Ch ristm as Eve, (2) I shouldn't wonder/ I might
haveguessed th ey'd do it just befor e a holiday.
T hey always do that.
B What are you going to da?
A (3) Yau might weilask. / Yau can say that again.
1'11 just have to find another job.
B Weil, at least yo u're very experienced. You 'll find
anothe r job fairl y easily, I'd h ave thought.
A WeIl, (4) 1 must say, / I might haveguessed, I don't
th ink th ere's much ch ance o f finding a job at thi s
time of year.
B O h, I don't know. Firms are always on th e lookout
for people like you. You'll be O K, (5) yau'lisee. /
I must say.
2 C Seen any good films recently?
D Yeah, I went to see Daylight Robberylast nigh t.
Have you seen it ?
C No, I h aven't.
D Weil, (6) yau might as well. / it's a must. lt was
absolu tely b rilliant. (7) I shauldn't wonder/ It's a
must if it picks up an Oscar or two.
C I went to see Love in Paris, but it was rubbishl
D O h, (8) you can say that again! / 1 might have
guessed. We walked ou t half way thro ug h.
C (9) 1must say, / Yau can say that again, I was
tempted to, but I though t it might get better.
D An d did it?
C ( 10) Yau must bejaking! / Yau might weilask.
It got wo rse.
Unit 7 • Words of wisdom 41
 Listening
5 Afathers advice on marriage
I Read the short introduction to a radio play. {It's a modern version of Ian e Austen's no vel, Pride and Prejudice.)

The hereine o[ the story is

LiHY Bennet, ayoung woman
o[ 20. She'.r single, one of
five sisters, and her mother
is desperate Jorherta gel
married. Li'{tys obsequious
cousin, William Co/lins,
Aas askedLi{'V" to marry
him. She has rejected his
ojJer, as she thinks he's
pampaus and boring.
Mr Collins is now appealing
/0 her mother .. .

2 l1li Listen to an excerpt from th e rad io play. Are the 4 Im Listen again to the excerpt from the radio play
sentences true or falsei Cerreet th e false Olles. and write down the modern equivalents of th e ph rases
and sentences in exercise 3.
l 0 Mr Collins rem ain s keen to m ar ry Lizzy.
2 D M r Bennet isn't enth usiastic about sp eaking I
to Lizzy. 2
3 0 Mr Bennet fuHy su pports his wife.
3
3 Now read the origin al passage from the navel on p85. 4
Find these phrases and sentences.
5
Depend c n it ... th at Lizzy shall be 6
brought to reason. line -.L
7
2 [She] does not know her own interest
8
3 if liable to such defects o f temper
9
4 we shall very soon settle it with h er
10
5 we are an in an uproar
6 I have not th e pleasure of understanding you 5 look at th e underlined phrases in th e o riginal passage
o n p8 5. Write mo dern English equi valents.
7 And what am I to do on th e occasioni
I
8 She shall hear my opinion.
2
9 An unhappy alternative is no w before you
3
10 you mu st b e astranger to o ne of your parents
4

46 Unit 7 • Words of wisdom

.... ,
Pronunciation
6 Stress and intonationof modal verbs
Im The meani ng of modal ver bs can cha nge
according to rhe stress and inton ation pattem of the
sentence. Read and listen to the pairs of sent enc es.
Unde rline t he main st ress. T he n ma tch each sen tence
with the follow- up sentence tha t shows th e attitude of
the speaker.
[l] He might have told m e what was going on.
[!] He mig ht have !2l.d me what was going o n.
a At least I could have done som et hing about It.
b But I was busy 3t the time so 1 don't remember.
Vocabulary
7 Revision: word puzzle
Co mplete the p uzzle . The words are all fro m Unit 7 of
the Student's Book.
Items 4, 10, and 12 are from the qu ot ations on p63
Item 9 is from part 1 of Letter to a newborn son
on p65
Item s 3, 5, and 6 are from part 2 of Letter to a
newborn son on p 138
Item s 1, 2, 7, 8, and 11 are fro m pa rt 3 of Letter to
a newborn son on p65
ltem 13 is from You areold, Father William on p69

1 plsce in a hospital wherewomen glve birth (8, 4)

2 0 Where can h e have got to!
D Where can he have got to?
a He was here just a moment ago.
b His train was on time and it's a five-minute walle
from the station.
"---
3 0 I co uld hardly walk horn e.
o I could h ard ly walk horne.
a It's at least ten rniles.
b My legs wereso stiffafter the football match.
4 D You could close th e door.
D YOll could dose the door.
1 unable to stop taking [adrug) (8)
3 erueltreatment ofa person (5)
4 hold onto tightly (6)
5 letouta lang breath thatexpresses sedoess.tiredress, or relief (4)
6 suddenly change directton (4)
7 rather formal word meaning to cry(4)
8 violent and angry (6)
9 arttele ofclothing whtch a baby wears areund its bottom (5)
10 say thattheoppostte of what somebody else has said is true (10)
_ ... 11 tnable to travel beeause of heavy snow (9)
11 very surprised (9)
13 anoily cream thatyou rub ontothe skin to heal injuries (8)

-_....
aThen I wouldn't have to sit in this cold draught.
b Then the light won't keep her awake. r-'--
f--
8
•, . ~
11

12
~

S O Da you have to work alt eveni ng? 2

o Do yo u have to work all eveni ng? 4 5 7

a Or are yo u just wo rklng from six till eight! 6

b I was hoping we could go out for a drink
1

6 0 You co uld ha ve hit hirn. f-

D You co uld ha ve hit hirn. f--
a You really should ha ve driven more care fully. '--
f- f-
b But you'd have en ded up in court.
f- '-- f- f-
2 IDI Listen and check. Then practise repeatin g the '-- '-- '--
sentences wit h th e correct st ress and inton ation.

Unit 7 • Wordsof wisdom 47

 8 Compound adjectives Prepositions
Complete th e co mpou nd adjectives in th e
sent ences with th e p repositio ns in th e
9 Prepositions in questions
bo x. Use each preposition twice. Co mplete th e answers with a preposition. Th en make th e qu estions.
A He was addic ted .N heroin and crack.
back down out
over u nder up Q Whi ch drugs waUf addiettd.to. ?
2 A She doesn't feel at ease her brother-in -Iaw,
1 We ate at a very _d.0Yll: rnarket Q Who ?
resta uran t last ni ght. Not surprisingly, 3 A Th e do ve is a symbol peace.
the food was prett y awful. Q Wh" ?
2 She's a very sp oken critic of 4 A He dream t becoming a m usician one day.
the government's econom ic policies. Q Wh" ?
5 A He's in charge the sales departm ent.
3 The army used whelming
Q Which ?
force to crush the rebellion.
6 A He's in need a good rest.
4 The cornpany faces an hill Q Wh" ?
struggle to avoid further la sses.
7 A She had a good relationsh ip her neighbour.
5 We've just received a dated pay Q Who ?
award, so this m onth's salary cheque is 8 A Th ey invested their mon ey govern ment bo nd s.
bigger than usual. Q Wh" ?
6 Could you provide me with some 9 A He too k advantage his parent s.
_ _ _ gro und infor m ation on th e Q Who ?
p roject? 10 A He's famous h is paintings of sun flowers.
7 He's behaving like an grown Q Wh ich ?
schoolb oy, giggling and fooli ng ab out.
ENDQUDTES
8 He accused me of stealing his wallet. It
was a right lie! Th ese com mon or fam ou s exp ressio ns have been m ade
humorous by reversing the order of the key words. Ca n
9 The gro und resistance caused
10u write th e original exp ressionsi
th e occupying ar my som e serious
p roblems. Better never than late.
(Gearge Bemard Shaw - playwright)
10 She gave a very beat
assessment of the company's finan ces,
predicting higher growth and profits 2 Workisthe curseof the drinkingclasses.
in th e year to come . (Oscar Wilde - playwright)
11 Th e going president declared
tha t he int end ed to spend mor e tim e
with his fam ily.
) Time's fun when you're having flies.
12 He behaved d ish onestly and employed (Kermit theFrag - muppet)
really ha nd tactics to force his
colleague to resign.

48 Unit 7 • Words of wisdom

 Real and unreal tense usage
Metaphors and idiorns s bresk and verbs with a similar meaning
Phrasal verbs and Latin-based synonyms
Altered images

Real and unreal tense usage

...... GramrNIr Refe~t 8.1-7 StuMnt's Book p1S4

1 formingthe correct tense

Complete rhe coversation with the co rrect form of the verb in
brackets, to exp ress eithe r fact or non -fact. Wh ere there is 0 0
verb in brackets, use an auxiliary verb.

A I wish we (1) didn-'thavIJo_ (not have to) go to your brother's

exhibition. But I suppose we (2) .do_ . don't we?
B Yes, we promised we (3) . He (4) (be)
very u psel if we (5) . 1 (6) (like )
(7) (turn down) the invitation, but I had to accept.
A I feel so out of place at these events. At h is last exhibition nob ody
(8) talk to me. If only 1 (9) (understand)
m or e about modern ar t! And it's so d ifficult talking 10 his frien ds.
They alt act as th ough th ey (10) (be) great artists but
Iwander if they (11) (ever sell) any work.
B Well,jusl be more careful this time. If onlyyou (12) _
(not sit down) on that sculpt ure et his last exhibition. It was so
embar rassing!
A Weil, it didn't look as if it (13) (be) part of the
exhibitio n. It just looked Iike a beneh. How (14) (be)
I to know it was a werk of art!
B And I wish you (15) (not admire) that pile of bricks
in the corner. That wasn'r part of the exhibition,
A Cdseen something very similar at the Täte Modern. Look, suppose you
( 16) (call) him and (17) (say) l was ill.
B He (18) (not believe) rne. I'd rather we just
(19 ) (go). l.ook, don't worry.lt (20 ) _
(not last) la ng. Iust look as though you (21) (enjoy)
yourself.
A 1 (22) (n ot be)!
B Come on. Ir's time we (23) (go) . We said we
(24) (be) there by seven. We've got a long drive
ahead of us.
A 'res, and a la ng evening.

Unit 8 • Altered images 49

 2 Ir only . . . / 1wish .. . for non-fact 4 Mixed conditionals
Co mplete the sen tences. Rewrite th e sentences usin g a combinatio n of
con ditional types 2 and 3.
You didn't listen to my advice.
I Anne and lohn are having a row beca use she lost hi s
I wish .YOU'd.Ji$J'4Ilfdi Q.J!IUdViu ,-
ten n is racket.
2 We don't like mode rn art.
Ih n1V_.Qid_dl'lj ~eJlavi" g a row if $he_ had'Ü1Qst..J!i~
If only
t~lIJli$raGktt...
3 I'm no t enjoying this book.
2 Ian e is a very reliable jeumalist. Th at is why she was
Twish promoted to desk ed itor.
4 She could n't find h er wallet.
If only
5 l' ve bee n made red unda nt. 3 I'rn afra id of travelling by air, so I had to go to Italy
If only by t rain .
6 I smoked too m uch when I was you ng.
Twish
7 He won't apologize for his rude ness. 4 [ustin's broke beca use he spent all hi s money on
If only a pa inti ng.

8 She'd left before I arrived.

She wishes
9 I didn't notice th e ' Low Brid ge' sign. 5 She doesn't know anyt hing about first aid , so she
could n't help him.
!fo nly _

J would or had?
Decide if th e 'd contractions in the sentences are sh ort 6 I didn't look after rny teeth , so I've got false ones now.
forrns of would or had. Th en decide if the exam ples
of would express past habit,[uture in the past, er a
conditional.
7 I couldn't send the document last night. What a pity
1 She told m e she'd be late. _wollld =..fid'i.lLejl'!_.tb. p~ rl_
I baven't got a fax machine!
2 He'd o ften stare out of t he window when h e should
have been working.

3 He looked as if he'd run amarat hon. 8 You're so gullible! You believed all the lies he to ld you?

4 I'd love to h ave m et Mahatma Ga ndhi.

5 If only you'd told m e!

6 I bet you'd co me if it was free.

7 The y'd spend ho ur s playing outside before th ey were

old enough to h ave homework.

8 I kn ew he'd en d up being famous.

'Yotfd thinkifhe"dbeeil that wccessfuf
he woufd haretud hisnore fix«i.·

50 Unit 8 • Altered images

Listening
5 The pictures in my house
UD Listen 10 Martyn talking about two pictures in bis hau se, an abstract painting (A), and an engraving (B).
A B

Wh ich one is he talking abo ut when he:
I 0 nam es the ar tist
2 0 says where he bought it
3 o describes the artist
4 0 gives the age of the artist
2 UD Listen again. Are these sentences
true or falsei Correct the false ones.
I 0 Ma rtyn and his part ner buy
pictures even when they can't
reaUy afford them.
2 0 Walter Fusi uses other materials
than paint.
3 0 The background of the painting
is ora nge.
4 0 Walter Fusi uses lava on the
paintin g Martyn describ es.
5 0 Martyn saw the German artist's
werk in an exhibition in Trieste.
6 0 The engraving suggests the
approach of deeth.
3 Complete the expressio ns that Mar tyn uses to describe the pictures.
(The missing ward or phrase is defined in italics.) You can look at the
tapescript on pB5 to check.
1 . .. a house which is paintings and drawings . . .
(juli of)
2 .. . if we see a picture that immed iately , ...
(appeals to our personal taste and values)
3 I th ink tha t one a year. (can be calculated as)
4 it's actually made of erm, a black sand .. . (shiny)
5 there's something very, very stra ng and _
abo ut these paint ings, . .. (deeply thoughtful )
6 .. . there's a very, very stra ng sense of structure in the
________ • ... (arrangement ofideas)
7 . .. I it wit h Iulie's father . .. (make a conneaion
in my mind )
8 .. . it's a pictu re that mortality, . .. (brings
to mind)
9 . .. in a sense the 0 of life (worth and uncertainty)

Unit 8 • Altered images Sl

 Pronunciation Vocabulary
6 Conditional sentenees 7 Revision: metaphors and idioms
UD Rewrite th e sen tences usin g a Replace th e phrase in imlics in each sen tence with a m etaphor or
co nd itio naL Listen an d check. idiom fro m the box .

She didn't invite me so I did n't go. a bein floods of tears g point the fingerat
lf s:h~~djnyit~d_ m,.ra have gont l- b bethe root of h goround in clrcles
c have a few hlccups pull your socks up
2 I'm not going beca use it's raining. d scar youfor life j breaksomeones heart
e come to you in a flash k be overshadowed by
f reach a crossroads in tife I not have thefoggiest idea
3 He insulted me so l ieft.

10 A lot of people put the blame on televisio n as the main cause

4 You didn't eat and you're hungry now. of vio lent behaviour in children .
2 0 We ffiight have c few sm aHproblems when the ccmpcter
5 I don't like plan ts, so I didn't buy one . system is first inst alled , b ut it will soo n be running smoothly.
3 0 Being b ullied at school can cause you permanent psychological
damage.
6 The weathe r basn't im proved , so we
can't go out . 4 0 Soon yo u'lI have to make a decision that will affect the rat
of your life.

7 I wasn't free, so I didn't help.

8 He was angey because she hadn't

phone d.

9 I rang the poli ce because I was

terrified .

10 She wasn't offered th e job so she's rI wlll;:~ I ChrE- "i> ift;: CltlSSfbWS CA' N,t( Lif t J t fCut.JD
upset. t WAS ccr Cf" GAS!"

11 She didn't contact you because there

5 0 ' How can money be thefundamental cmse of all evil?
It's wo nderful st uffl'
weren't any problems.
6 0 1don't want to di scu ss thi s any more. We could make
no progress at all for hours.
12 I wasn't on ti me so he left witho ut me.
7 0 How can you not know at all wh en her birthday is? You've
been he r best frien d for years!

2 Oll Listen again an d repeat th e
sentences, paying special attentio n to th e
pronunciation of th e auxiliary verbs .
1 '.t.shf.Jtll'lvi1:e4 Mt , ('d have,_.9otfC-,-
v v
Itf ji. dmvartad mi: a rdov gon!
8 0 It can really cause someone severe emotional pain when a lover
decide s to en d the relatio nship.
9 0 You can spe nd ages tryi ng to solve th e last eIue in the
cro ssword , and then it will suddenly occur to you.
10 0 She will often crya lot for no ap parent reaso n.
11 0 The For mula 1 d river, Ralf Schu macher, m ust find it difficuIt
to appear inferiorin comparison to his olde r, more successful
brother, Michael.
12 0 If you don't make a bigeffort to improve soon, you'Uget
kicked out of art co llege.

52 Unit8 • Alte red lmages

8 Metaphors and idioms to do with the body
Co mplete th e metaphor s and idio ms in A with th e nam e of OD e 2 Co mplete th e sen tences with the
of th e part s of the bo dy ind icated in the picrure. Then m atch th em metaphors and idi oms in exercise 1.
to the defin itio ns in B. Use th e words in th e cor rect fo rm .

I A To talk to he r you wouldn't th ink

she's just lost her job.

B I know. She's obvio usly upset but

she's _

2 Can you _
the kids while I pop out for a while!

3 She's _
at the moment. I must have said
something to offend her.

4 It's difficult to prepare for the mee ting

as I don't know how they'U react to
o ur suggestions. We'lI just have to

A
I D keep an
2 D pull someone's
3 D a pain in th e
4 0 put one's
5 D get someth ing off one's
5 Do n't take him seriously. He's just
on someo ne
_
_ 6 Vou really _
_ wben
in it
_ you asked about his girlfriend. Didn't

6 D playI' by _ yo u know they'd just sp lit up?

7 D put a brave on it 7 If you feel so stro ngly you sho uld

8 0 put one's on it go and talk to her and _
9 0 be on th e tip of one's _
Io D glve someo ne th e cold
8 Dave's a real _
_ _ _ _ _ _ . He keeps on askin g
B
a con fess someth ing (usually unpleasant) for lifts. I wish he'd use th e bu s.
b deliberately ignore or be unfriendl y 10 someone
9 Th ere's someth ing strenge abo ut him,
c loo k after someone or something while someone eise isn' t there
b ut I can't quite _
d improvise acco rding 10 th e situation
e uease someone
f show courage by minim izing a pro blem
g an irritating person, or something one doesn't like doing 10 I co uldn't remem ber his name when
h som eth ing you can almost, but not quite, remember I met him, but it was _
d a or say so mething tactless or embar rassing
precisely identify sornething, especially a problern

Unrt8 • Altered images Sl

 Synonyms
9 break and verbs with a similar
meaning
Cornplete th e sentences with t he eor reet
form of th e verbs in the box. Some times
there is m ore tha n one cor rect answer.
Phrasal verbs
10 Phrasal verbs and their Latin-basedsynonyms
Many phrasal verbs have a synonym of lati n ongtn. The phrasal
verb ten ds tc be more informal, and the verb of Lat in origin tends
to be more formal and literary.

break b urst crack crush 1 Mateh a ph rasal ver b in A with a verb of Latin origin in B.
shatter snap splin ter

Lite ral meaning

1 Ta make wine, yo u first ~_
-- A
I 0 Gover nme nt forces h ave p ut d own
a revolt bya group of soldiers.
a

a compensate for
the grapes . 2 o Busin ess ha s been bad recently, but b tolerate
2 If you stretch a rubber ba nd too mu ch , things are picking up now.
it _ 3 o Don't be t aken in by ad ver ts th at
c deceive
promise miracle eures.
3 This plate is _
4 o She says she's got stomach- ache b ut d exciude
Why don't you throw it away?
sh e's just putting it on to avoid school.
5 o The service was poor but th e wonderful
4 My children's toys don't last.
e pretend
They very easily. food m ore than m ad e up for it.
5 If you dropped a vase from a great
height, it wo uld _
6 o Tbe govern me n t is setting up an inquiry
in to prison co nditions.
f improve

6 In winte r, water pipes can
_ _ _ _ _ if th ey get fro zen .
7 You shouldn't give chicken bo nes to a
dog because th ey into
sma ll pieces.
Metaphorical meaning
8 After a year fighting in the trenches,
his nerve finally and he
had to be sent home .
I 9 The lüde boy into tears
when he co uld n't find his mether.
10 His time of9.06 seconds just
_ _ _ _~ th e wo rld reeord.
I I The injury his dream s
of b eeoming a professional footballer.
12 T he ar my was sen t in to
the reb ellion.
13 After m anaging to stay ealm for a long
time, his tempe r fin ally _
14 A gro up is a group of
people who break away from a large
organizat ion to form th eir own gro up.
(Use the verb asan adjective).
7 o Police ha ve ruled out murder, but are g establish
holding two men for questioning.
8 o Tbe teachers won'r put up wit h bad
h suppress
lan gu age in th e playground .
2 Un derli ne the more appropriate verb, dep ending on whe the r th e
sentences are formal or informal.
He's a great ma te of min e. He's the kin d of b loke who 'Il stand by /
suppen yo u whe n times get tough .
2 At h is trial th e defendant was cha rged with assauuing/ beating up
a polieeman .
3 Looking after six kids all day has worn me out! / exhausted me!
4 The gove rn me nt is proposing to abolish / do away with
inheritan ce tax,
5 A team of arch itects was employed to do up / restore the pa lace to
its origina l splendour.
6 You do n't have to let hirn talk to you like thatl Stick upfor yourself!l
Deiend yourself!
_ 7 The Iapanese armed forces gave in / surrendered on 14 Augus t
1945, bringing Wo rld War 11 to a close.
8 Mum, my teaeher told me off / reprimanded me this mo rning for
being late.
ENOQUOTE
' Themoment you cheat for the sake of beauty,you know you'rean artist.'
Davtd Hockney (Artist)

54 Unit 8 • Altered images

 Verb patterns
Prepositions in passive sentenees
Idioms withas .. . as and like
Hi.tory lessons
- -- - --

Verb patterns 2 Complete the sentences with th e correct

form of the verb in brackets. Somerimes
..... Grammar geferenee 9.1-6 Studfl1t's Book plS6 you need a passive form .
1 Usingthe eorrectform I wan t JU .l Ppt (keep) info rmed of
J Rewrite the sentences using the verbs in brackets. any developm ent s.
2 O ur teacher expects us _
deny ldJ'naJ! uerb (de,nies, deny·ing , de-nied , de·nied) 1 to say that
sth is not true: [VN] 10 deny a claim l a charge l an occueation 0 The (use) a dictionary,
spokesman retueed either 10 ronfirm or deny the reports. 0 There's no 3 I hate (keep) waiting.
den ying (the fad) that qu icker action rould haue saved them. 0
(v-ing} He deni es altempting 10 murder h is wire. 0 [v (t hat») She 4 She's thinkin g of _
denied (that) tbe re hod been any cooer-up. 0 (VN thatl It can't b6 (em igrate).
denied that we need 10 devote more resources to this problem . 5 No body Iikes (Insu lt] .
6 She succeeded in _--:-_ _-r-;
He seid he bad n't tr ied to overt hrow th e govern me nt. (deny) (convince) hi rn t hat she was right.
Uf>_de.nitd .tt'YingtooyttthrowJ he.--9.ovtt'JIrtlu t. 7 He was threatening _
2 She never gets into arguments wit h her boss. (avo id ) (call) the police.
8 He begged (allow) to
3 He doesn't smoke any more. He stopped in 1998. (give up ) come wit h us.
9 I didn't d are ---,,- (swim)
4 Did you arrive o n time despite t he traffie? (manage) o ut to th e islan d.
IO He was m ade (feei)
5 The mi nister said he had made a mis take. (ad m it) very small by h is boss.
11 Are yo u accusing me of _
6 'G o on. I'm su re you' lI get th e job if you app ly for it.' (encourage) (lie) to you?
She _ 12 I rem ember (tell off)
7 'Why do n't we go out for a meali' (suggest) for speaking with my m outh full whe n
He _ r was a ch ild.
8 Dave wishes he hadn't lost his temper. (regret)

9 T m sorry I didn't pho ne.' (apologize)

1 _
10 Dad wou ldn't let Kate go to the music festival. (refuse)

11 ·OK. I' UIen d you HOO: (agree)

She _
12 TU da better, I swea r! (pro m ise)
He _

Unit 9 • History lessons 55

 2 Correcting mistakes J Verbs + -ing or to with a change of meaning
Find ten m istakes in the verb pattem s in the repo rt Complete th e sentences wit h eit he r the infinitive or the
and co rrect them. -ing form of th e verbs in b rackets.
I used to t hink (think) that life ended at 30.
An eyewitness accou nt of the fall of the Berlin WaU I'm not u sed to lhi!lkJ!l9_ (think) so ha rd this early
RaJfSchmidt. 17, reportsfrom Wf'st BerUn on 9 November 1989. in th e m orn ing.
2 lan e was never a very reliable fr ien d. If I were you,
The day began like any other. l'd sterr ed to get ready
for school when I turned on the radio. Tbe announcer I'd try (fo rget) her.
said that the wall wa s down. I couldn't help to wander If your cloth es don't seem very white after yo u've
if l wa s dreaming, it was so un believable . I thought washed the m , try (soak) the m in
I'd better hurry to schee l to see what was happening. a little bleach .
In the school playground, everyone seemed to be very 3 Please sto p (m ake) suc h a ter rible
happy and exdted. Then the head teacher came out.
noi se!
He said he want ed that we join in the celebrations
After ha lf an hour, we stoppe d _
and so would let us to have the whole day off school .
(make) a cup of tea.
My friends and I decided to go immediately to
Checkpoint charlie. the main crossing point from East 4 I rem em ber (see) her in anothe r
to West Berlin. We were keen we1comingthe people Frenc h film and she was really goo d in that.
arriving from the East . When we errived , everything Did yo u remembe r (call) T im and
was in chaos. We saw young people, cld people , friends, tell hirn that we can't co rne on Saturday?
and str angers laughing and hugging each oth er, The
first cars from East Berlin starred erriving and people 5 I started (read ) classicalliterature
were clapping. cheering. and throwing flowers. At first at the age of six.
the border guard s attempted controlling the flow of cars Oh. Iook! It's starting (rain).
but soon gave up trying because there were so many, 6 He went on (write) his essay, eve n
and instead jcined in dendng. After a while they didn't though the n oise started to get louder.
prevent people to climb the Walleither. Soon the pecple
The lect ure bega n very b adly, but the pro fessor wen t
at the top were helping others to clamber up - me and
on (make) some in teresting points.
my friends among them - and we all carried on to dance.
Someone lent us a hammer and suggested us tc knock 7 I co uldn't help th em (find) what they
chunks of concrete offthe wall. J remembe r to wave to were looking for as I was in to o much of a hurry,
th e East Gennan guards in their watchtower s and they Harry looked so fun ny th at I couldn't help
waved back. Only yesterday they would have been ordered _ _ _ _ (Iaugh).
shoot us! What a day. J shall never forget it .
8 Buyin g yo ur ow n ho use me ans (take)
responsibili ty for all th e repairs.
I'm sur e she means (make) sorne big
cha nges in this de partme nt.

9 0 0 you like (cook)?

When we have a d in ner party, I like _
(co ok) sornething really exotic that n ob ody's ever
had before.
10 I regret (info rm) yo u that you've a11
failed t he exa m.
She regrets (buy) th ose sha res.
They've halved in value over the pest two years.

56 Unit 9 • History lessons

4 Verbsofthe senses 2 Im Sirnone an d R ichard were asked
Complete the sentences wit h eit he r th e iufinitive (with out to) or th e to remember as mueh as th ey eould ab out
-ing form of the verbs in brackets. Henry. Listen to Simone and complete
gaps a, b, and e in the text with the names
I heard my neighbours (turn) off their television of the wives in the box.
and (go) to bed.
Cathe rine Parr
2 I woke up at two in the m orning.l could h ear my neighb ours Catherine o f Aragon
_ _ _ _ _ (have) an argu me nt. Iane Seym ou r
3 Wh en I looked th rough th e window, I saw h er _
(read ) a book.
3 Im Try and eom plete gaps 1- 7 in th e
4 When she saw m e ~ (come), she waved. text with the words in the box. Listen to
5 She could feel her heart (pound) as she neared the Sim one again to check.
end of th e race. beheaded destroyed Dissolution
divor eed divor eed ext rav agant
survived
Listening
5 Henry VIII 4 Im Now listen to Riehard talking
about Henry. Id enti fy and eo rreet five
Read the text about the famous English king, Henry the Eighth,
errors in what he says.
ignorin g the gaps at th is stage.
Incorrect Correct

{', ~. \
King Hen ryVIII H enry was born in 1491 and
reigned from 1509 until his death in 1547.
Henry's wives Henry bad six wives:
1
2
3
4
· '. '.
' . " " ".
1 (a) . Their ma rriage

,
··.
· , .., Li·
•
'.
. ~ ;,
lasted 24 years but produced only one child, Mary.
Desperate for a male heir, Henry sought permission
• •. from the Pope to divorce Catherine and remarry. The
5

5 Read th ese ext raets from Simone's

Pope refused and so Henry broke with the Catholic church in Rome and acco un t. Then look at th e tapeseript of
Richard 's account on p86 an d find the
(1) her nonetheless.
words or phrases he uses th at eorrespo nd
2 Anne Boleyn. Their three-year marriage produced a dau ghter who
to th e words in italics.
would late r become Queen Elizab eth I. Henry accused Anne of infidelity
and she was (2) _ ... Hen ry the Eight h is m ost famous for
3 (b) _ . She died giving birth tc a son, the fact that ... _
Edward, who would succeed Henry.
2 ... he was known for having a very
4 Anne of Cleves. Their marriage was short-lived and they
extravagant lifestyle, ... _
(3) wirhin six months.
S Catherine Howard. She was thirty years younger than Henry and a 3 ... I remember learn ing at school ...
cousin of Anne Boleyn. She shared the same fate: Henry helieved her
unfaithful and had her beheaded. 4 ... in the co rrect erdet, ...
6 (c) .She (4) Henry.
Henry's character & lifestyle He led an (5) -,-_---: lifestyle and 5 ... I've always found th at quit e useful ....
enjoyed entertairring. He loved food and music and was said to have
composed the song Greensleeces.
6 ... breaking away from th e Catholie
Th e (6) ofthe Monasteries In 1536 Henry was short of ehureh ... _
money and so ordered the clcsure of a11 200 monasteries in England. The
buildings were (7) and their land and properry were 7 ... he aet ually burned and d estroyed ...
confiscated.

Unit 9 • History lessons 57

 Pronunciati on
6 Jokes b.sed on homophones . nd homonyms
Many En glish jokes depend on a 'play on words'
which is th e result of a ho mophon e or homonym . Verb Noun
'lV/Jat cotour would yau paint the sun and the wind?' u!:a!:!:illatt essassination
The sun rose and the wind blue.'
1 attack
rose is a h omonym (a colour and the past tense of
rise); an d /bIu:1is a homophone (blue and blew). J conquest
4 demollsh
1 a Im Find two spellings for thi s ho m ophon e. s deployment
/bi:nJ and _
6 destroy
b Now listen to the joke. In whi ch order da YOll hear
7 invason
the two words that are pron ounced Ib i:nl?
8 sink
2 a m I Find two spellings for this homoph one. 9 storming
Iwa m/ and _
10 revolt
b Now listen to th e joke. Which of the two spellings 11 threat
da you hear!
12 wound

2 Complete the sentences with verbs (sometimes passive)

and noun s from the chart in exercise 1.

1 The of American battleships in Pearl

Harbou r in 1941 brou ght America into the Second
World War.
2 The of the Bastille by an angry mob
in Paris in July 1789 marked the beginning of the
3 Im shoots can m ean French _
1 third person singular of the verb shoot 3 The town completely _
2 plural of shoot, new ya ung growth on a plant in the bombing raid. Hardly any buildings were left
leaves can m ean standing.
I plu ral form of the nou n Icaf
4 Nelson was shot during the Battle ofTrafalgae and
2 th ird person singular of th e verb leave
died from the a few hours later,
Listen to the joke. When the panda reads the dictionary,
5 The group of soldiers the enemy
does it think that shoots and leaves are verbs or nouns?
positions but failed to capture them.
6 The Roma ns Britain in AD 43 but
didn't manage to conquer the whole of the country,
7 Terrorism poses a serious to many
western countries.
8 A lot of people seem to know where they were when
President Kenn edy in 1963.
9 The troops were ordered to in key
positions around the city,
10 In 1545 the warship Mary Rose tn
the Solent, drowning most of her crew.

S8 Un it 9 • History lessons
8 Historieal periods
1 Co m plete thc description s of thc historical pe riods with th c worcls in th c box.

characterized collapse conquered dedine deposed establishment flowerin g

T R I R O M A N E MPIRE T H E DARK A GES

Tbe perrod durtng whlch Rome (1) _ The lonq pertod of Instobility u nd econo mic u nd
und ruled much of Europe and the Middle East . It lasted culturol (3) In Europe following th e
approximotely from 260 Be , when Rome gained control (4) of the Roman Empire in the fifth
of Italy, until AD 476 when the last Emperor was century.
(2) _
T H E M I D D LE A G ES
The period from obout 1..0 700 un til cbout AD 1500,
which saw Chrtstianity sp rea d throughou t Europe
and the (5) of the feuda l system .

T H E R EN A I S SA N C E
Ibis pertod begon in Italy around 1300 und losred for
about 300 yecrs. It wa s (6) by an Interesr
in Andent Creece und Rome, und 0 (7) - - - - _
of crt, ütercture, und a rchitecture.

2 Now com ple te th e descr iptions of th ese later histori cal period s.

advent co rruptio n crisis decades era movement Pact rivalry

THE R EF ORMATI ON TH E GREAT DEPRE SSION

A movement for reform of the Roman Catholic ch urch. The world econom ic (13) that began in
It sta rted in Germa ny In 1517 when Murtin Luther 1929 with the colla pse of the New York Stock Exchange
la un ch ed a protest against the (8) and ('The Wall St reet Cra sh ') and lasted for four years.
greed of th e Papocy, and resulted in th e establishment
THE C OLD WAR
of Protestant Ch urches In th e following (9) _
The perlod of Intense mlUtary un d political
TH E E NLI GHT ENME NT (14) betwee n NATO and th e Warsaw
An intellectual (10) in the efqhteenth (15) , which lasted from 1946 unttl th e
cen tury th at em phasized recson, Individua lism , a nd fall of com m un lsm in th e Sovte t Union in 1990.
religious tolerc nce, and h eralded an (11) _
of great sdentific a n d philoso phical investigation.

TH E I N D U ST RI A L R E VO L UTI O N
The pertod durtng whi ch in dustry deve loped ra pidly.
It ste rred in England In th e mi d-eighteenth cen tury,
with the (12) of stecm power ond th e
growth of facto ries.

Unit 9 . History lessons S9

 Prepositions
9 Prepositions in passive sentenees
1 Match a verb in A with a phrase in B.
A 8
1 accuse sb egalnst sb
1 charge sb of lying
J congratulate sb at sbangrfly
4 deal ina scheme
5 force sb onwinning
6 lnvclve sb for ameat
) hold sth about a danger
8 shcut to an ordeal
9 subject sb with an issue
10 warn sb into resigning
2 Ca m piere the sent ences with one of the
verb + pr epo sition comb inations fro m
exercise 1. Make the verb pass ive.
Her fathe r had a terrible temper. As a
chi ld she reme mbered always
.h i"g .shQutett.t .
2 My boss is ru de to everyone, so
favouritism isn't someth ing he can
3 The matter will
by OUf Custo me r Service departm en t.
4 Your quarrel is none of my business
and not som ethi ng I wa nt
5 Tb e meal is free but all drink s will
6 Retireme nt is so me thi ng you should
choose voluntarily, not
7 Aeh ieving a first-dass degree is
eertainly something she should
8 A firem an is constantly
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ danger
in th e co urse of his work.
9 Don't eomplain now about bein g in
de bt. You
m any tim es.
10 Don't wo rry about bei ng eritical
during me etings - it won't
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ you.
60 Unit 9 • History lessons
Idioms
10 Cornparisons with as ... as
Co rnplete the sent ences with the wo rds in the box.
sh eet bone d ear feather flat
gold ha rd old boots regular safe
I Are you feeling O K? You've gone as white as a _
2 Stop worrying about th e ladder! It m ay look very old, but it's as
_ _ _ _ _ as houses.
3 I had my wate rproofs on when I got caught in the dow npour, so
I'm as d ry as a _
4 Ioe's as as nails - he never seems to feel any pain .
S It'5 great cyd ing in Holland b ecause th e count ryside's as _
as a pa ncake.
6 I've enjoyed looking after your kid s. They've been as good
.,- - - - -
7 This stea k's as to ugh as . I can ha rdly cut it.
8 I back u p all my wo rk twiee a day, as as doekwork.
9 Cou ld you exp lain that to rne agai n? I'm afra id it's as _
as m ud at the mornen t.
10 It's OK , I can ear ry th is on my ow n. It's as light as a _
11 Comparisons with like
Choose the correet way to co rnplete the idioms.
I My new motorbike goes like a chimney/ the wind.
2 Mary drink s like a fish / log. She ought to cut down.
3 Ja and Kay fight like the wind / cat and dog. I wish t hey'd be n ieer to
eaeh oth er,
4 That jacket fits you like a leaf / glove. I'd buy it ifI were you.
S He was absolutely terrified. He was shak ing like a leaf/fish.
6 Coo k extra food if Bob's com ing to d inner. He eats like a chimney/
horse.
7 Iam es forgot my birt hd ay again. He's got a memory like a sieve/
horse.
8 Ray's ha use stinks. He sm okes like a log/ chimney.
9 I'm not at all tired. Last night I slept like a log / glove.
10 1 th ink he should leave his wife. She treats hirn Iike dirt/ cat arui dog.
ENDQUDTE
it
'The past is really almest as much a work of the imagination as the future.'
Jessamyn West (Poet and author)
 Intensifying adverbs
Position of adverbs s Extreme adjectives
Phrasal verbs - particles and meanings
The body beautiful
~--
I

Intensifying adverbs
. . . Gnm mlr Rtference 10.1- ] Studftlt's Book p157

1 Intensifying adverbs andadjectives

Underlioe the fifteen examples of intensifying adverbs in the text . Eight of
th em are wra ng. Replace the inco rrect adverbs with appropriate ones.

The man who made ballooning history

In 2002 Steve rossett became the first man to fly a balloon

so lo non-stop aro und the warld. The millionaire ad vent urer
had made slx previo us attemcts on th e record, but had been
very unfortunate. In 1998 he had an utterty lucky escape when
his baUoon plunged 8. 700 metres into the sea, ' It was rather
terri fying and I was deeply disapp ointed' sald Fassen afterward s,
Thls time, after leaving t he Australian town of Northam on
l une 19th. the 58-year-old American ccvered more tnan 19.000
miles in thirteen days, a very amazing achlevement. He travelled
lncredlblv fast, scmettmes at speeds of up to 200 mph.
In extremely low temperatures, Fossett sperrt two weeks
in The Spirit of Freedorn, a completely small capsule attached
to a ez-metre-hlgh stlver balloon. ro ssen experienced some
absolutely frightening mcments, especia lly over the Andes,
where lt was extremely difficult to keep the balloon stable.
'Steve has conquered the last quite signilicant eviation
challenge in the wortd,' said Sir Richard Branson, who hirnself
had tried unsuccessfuUy to win the record. 'To have flown
20,000 mlles over the ocean, at the mercy of the weather,
alone in a cold, unpressurized cabin powered by the wind
ls entirely astonishing.'
Fossett was utterly exhausted after the f1ight, but speaking
by satellite phone shartly after landing in Australia, he seid,
' tt ls a simply wonderful time for me. finally after slx f1ights
I have succeeded and it ls a quite satisfying experlence.'

Untt 10 • The body beautlful 61

 1 Intensifying adverbs and verbs
Com plete the letter of complaint q3 5' HdW ",.d. Edi>lbK'J. EH5:L ?JN
(A) to a television company with 15,.] Kly UJO-
the adverbs in the box. Use each H",d o/St"'Kl"'"
adverb o nce. LTC Tuevi.ru,t1- CMttre
LDKdo K
entirely freel y
seriously sincerely
st rongly thoroughl y

2 Complete th e reply (8) with th e

adverbs in t he box.

deeply ent irely

fuHy greatly
really slncereiy

LT C Television · LONDON

Mrs Kirsty McKenzi e

43 5t Helen 's Road
Edinburgh EH52 7JN

Dear Mrs McKenzle,

Thank vc u for wr lt ing {O us about spo rt on LTe Television . We (7) app reciate
vtewe rs ta ktng the ti me to se nd us feedb ack on programmin g, However, I am afr ald that I don't
(8) ag ree tha t spor t dominates OU T televtston scbed ules. I (9) _
under stand tha t during blg s porttng events such as Wimbledo n or t he World Cup t he amou nt of
coverage can be quite annoying for non-s ports lovers. While we (10) regret
alie nating a ny of ou r au dtence. we do have a d uty as a public broadcast er to en s ure th at the
mtlllon s of s po rts fans arou nd t he count ry are ab le to watcb these events live on tele vtstc n. I
(11) belteve that we ac hteve a ba lance overall.
May I add that I (12) liked th e Harnlet producnon. to011 have passed on your
co mments to th e producer,

Yours since rely

R a:y J:}aui<S

Ray Davtes . Head ot Scheduling

62 Unill0 ' Ihe body beautiful

I
Adverbs
3 The positionof adverbs
........ Gnmma, Rrift'ft'lCltl l-l Stud ent's BooIl plSO

The pcstticn of an adverb eanchange the meaning of a sentence.

Hilturilily she posedfor rhecameTa. lot course she did.)
Sheposed for rheeamera niiturillly. (in a natural way)

Rewrite th e sentences twice, putting th e adve rb in brackets in two differen t pos itio ns .
Each sentence sho uld refleet th e meaning of the words in italics.

George Iikes snooker. (even)

a ~Vtll Gtor.s.lik&$ ~. (Gearge, roo)
b ~• • vtlllib$ SPIooUr. (surprisingly)
2 I can't ans wer that question. (fr ankly)
a _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ t to tellyou the trutlt)
b _ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ (in a frank way)
3 He realized th at she wasn't weil. (obviously)
a _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ (oi course he did)
b _ __ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ (ai course she wasn't)
4 He discussed the de sign with her. (very sen sibly)
a (it was wise)
b (in a sensible way)
5 l don't thi nk she can an swer yo ur ques tions. (honestly)
a (l'm telling the tTuth)
b (in an honest way)
6 I saw h irn yesterday at th e gym . (o nly )
a (and nowhere else)
b (not longago)
7 He toId her what he thought of her. (actually)
a (though jtseernss u ~rising)
b (his real thoughts)
8 She egreed to speak to rum. (ki ndly)
a (i n a kind war)
b ( ir waskind ofher)
9 I'm sure he's clever. (quitel
a (of course he is)
b (reasonably clever)
10 They knew he was able to cook. (weil)
a (it was dear they knew)
b (,kilfully)

Unit 10 • The body beautiful 63

 Listening Vocabulary
4 Sports - love thern or loathe thern? S Revision: words to do withthe body
I Dm Listen to Paul talkin g abo ut golf an d snooker as televised Co mplete th e sen tences using th e correct
spo rts. Choose the correet an swers. form o f the verbs in the box.

Golf d ap frisk hug m unch

nudge pinch rub scratch
Paul thinks that golf should be played morequickJy f lach drama sh ove sq ueeze spit wink
and excuement.
2 He says th at th e TV camerarnen have troublefi/ming the ball in As I wen t through th e security check at
motion I zoom in on ,he moving ballin the distance. the airpo rt a gua rd me,
3 He doesn't understand why the spectators applaud when rheball is but he didn't find anything.
hit / kup walking and stopping.
2 My cat my hand. She's
4 He can', see the point of/ The only interesting bit is watehing them
got sharp claws and she drew blood!
putting the ball into the hoJe.
3 Why are you at m e? ls
Snooker there som e joke or is th ere something
wrang with you r eye!
5 He hasalways enjoyed watehing snooker on IV / usedto dislikt
snooker but nOW likes it. 4 Th e audience wildly at
6 He believes that snooker p1ayen areincredibly ski/ful/ all sports the end of th e performance.
require physical agility and a sensitive touch. S As she sat down next to me she
7 Wh en Paul first tri ed snooker, he concentrated on getting the ball accidentally myelbow
into the pocket I he planned what his next shot wasgoing to be. and m ade me spill my drink.
8 He th inks snooker is moredifficult than chess I similar to chess. 6 He every last b it of
too thpast e out o f th e tube.
2 lIIlII Look ar th e tapescript o n p86 . Replace th e words in italics
with th e exact words Paul uses. 7 The old lady ignored the qu eue and
jumped onto th e bu s, _
1 Th ere's one spo rt th at (jailsto interestme at all) everyo ne aside.
- - - - - - _ ....
2 . .. we watch th em waiting and (worrying intensely) _
8 He kissed hi s daugh ter goodbye and
_ her tightly.
and (thinking carefully) , ... 9 It's not acceptable to in
3 . .. this is the bit I always find (absolutely absurd) the street, even if you da need to d ear
- - - - - - -, ... your throat.
4 thi s is what I can't (understand ) , ..• 10 Wh en David Beckham walked int o th e
S th is is a great (reason to be happy) _ o ffice I had to myself to
6 I would start wateh ing sno oker on 1V and (lose interesti mak e sure I wasn't dreaming!
_ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ pretty q uickly. 11 She sat at th e bar sipping her beer an d
7 .. . snooker has th is arnazing co rnbinatio n of th e (ability to move _ _ _ _ _ cnsps.
quickly and easily) , th e sensitive 12 'O uch!' he sald , and h is
touch . .. arm where th e ball had h it h irn.
8 .. . I remember what (1 finally realized ) _
_ _ __ _ .that amazed rne . ..
9 .. . th at seems quite (a difficult task) _
_ _ _ _ _ sometimes.
10 . .. it seems to me something (similar to) _
_ _ _ __ chess, .. .

64 llnit lü > Ihe body beautiful

 2 These verbs can also be used in a
metaphorical sense. Choose the correct
crawl creep hop limp march verb to complete the sentences.
sprint siroll sway tip toe stumble

st,oll sway limp

After th e fire the cru ise ship managed
to back to po rt.

creeping tiptoeing crawling

2 Stop arou nd the subject
1 ~r..p' _ 2 and just get to the point, will you?

•
'",- marehing tiptoeing crawling
8.
v 3 I can't stand the way she's always
<8J .
_ _ _ _ _ to our boss. She's

:"$~~
,p--c ~ ... . .
trying to get early promotion, I think.

3 4 stumbled marched strolled

4 The police upon a huge
weapo ns hoa rd during a routin e
inspection of the building.

marched paced hopped

5 Mar ianne into my
office yesterday and demanded a
5 6
pay rise.

-~
stroll hop crawl
6 I'rn driv ing into town myself so
-,--,- in and I'll give you
a lift.

7 8 stumbled swayed limped

7 I wasn't sure who to vote for, but I
was by on e candidate's
promi se to improve local services.

crept limped strolled

8 A feeling of tiredn ess and boredom
9 IO _ _ _ _ _ over me.

Unit 10 • The body beautfful 6\

 7 Extreme adjectives
Com plete the chart wit h one weak and two
extreme adjectives for eacb limi t adjective. Weak Limit Extreme 1 Extreme 2

1-u Ki d! hungry ~a rvill g _ _ .!a~~~ ttI

angry
amusing apprehensive chiJJy
important
content cruciel delighted
happy
ecstatic 'nontIOU< exhausted
famished fed up freezing beautiful
furious gigantic gorgeous big
gnef-stncken hilarious hysterical cold
inconsolable irritated Iivid
fumy
pecksh perishing petrified
frightened
pretty mattered signiflCant
sizeable ,Ieepy starving tired
stunning terrifled vital sad

Pronunciation
8 Making the most of extreme adjectives
11m Mark the stress on these ext reme
adjectives. Then listen end check.
crucial gigantic ecstatic perishing

2 0IiII Read. Iisten to and repeat th e exam ple.

Notice how the stressed syllable in th e extreme
adjective is lon ger th an the other syllables.
'Was the film funny?'
'Yes, it was hilarious! '
Remember, these are extreme adjectives, and
you can make the most of them by
pronouncing them in this way!

3 IIID Listen to the qu estlon s and reply

using an extreme adjective from exercise 7.
Th en repeet the mod el answers.
I 'Were you angry?'
2 'Are you happy?'
3 ' Is it a big housei'
4 ' Is it an important document !'
5 'Are you cold?'
6 '00 you think she's prettyi'
7 'Are yo u tired!'
8 'Was Iam es a bit sadi'
9 'Were you frightened"

66 UnillO ' The body beautiful

Phrasal verbs
9 Particles and meanings
Certein particles can convey a particular meaning. For example. off canhave the
senseof depdrting (set off, take off, wander off. run off).

1 Each group o f phrasal verbs below has one of th ese meanings: ending. reducing;
improving, solving. Write th e correet meaning for eacb gro up. Whi eh verb in each
grou p doesn't belang?

cheer up
,-
2

cut off
.- 3

sortout
4

turn sthdown
lookup log off wear out slow down
brush up breek off find out get down
break up set off work out cool down
do up calt off figuresthout alt down

2 Com plete th e sente nces with phrasa l verbs from exercise 1.

I I'm going to evening classesto my En glish.
2 the mu sic, will YOll - it's far too loud!
3 I got a shock when I sat down and how much
mon ey I owed my par ents.
4 We bo ught a hau se last year but it was in a terrible state and it's taking ages to

5 Whe n I'd finished wor king on my PC I closed the website window and

6 If the so up's too ho t, let it for a while before you

drink it.
7 She smokes 30 a d ay. She really should a bit .
8 Unfortunately he had to the meeting as he had to
go away une xpectedly.
9 Could you ring Kate an d what time she's arrivi ng ENDQUOTE
tom orrow?
10 I rang Harr y on my mobil e, but the reception was really poor and we were
' Serious sport has nothingto
_ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ in the middle of our conversation.
do withfair play.lt is bound
11 Bob's found a job at last so we've begun to pay off our debts. Things are up with hatred, jealousy,
definitely _ boastfulness,disregard
12 Wh en Fidel Castro established close ties with the Soviet Union in 1960, the USA of allrules and sadistic
_ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ diplomatie relations with Cuba. pleasure inwitnessing
13 We need to thi s problem as soo n as po ssible. violence. ln other wcrds,
it is war minus the shooting.'
14 I just can't why she Ieft her hu sband . They seemed
so happy together.
George Orwell (Author)

15 _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ! It isn't the end o f the world.

Unit 10 . The body beautiful 67

 Relative c1auses • Participles
Adjective order- shine and wards with a similar meaning
Prepositions in set phrases
The end. ofthe earth I

Relative clauses
~ GramINIr Reference 11.1-) Student's Book p158

Defining and non-definingrelative c1auses

Decid e if the sentenc es are m ore likely to b e filled wit h defining (0) 2 Com plete th e sentences in exercise I wi th the
or no n-defining (N D) relative clauses, or whether both (8) are relat ive d auses in the box, inserting a relative
po ssible (with a change in me ani ng ). prono un and coromas where necessar y.
[!] The computer has a ca r was stolen .. .
malfunctioned.
b I made o n my last holiday . . .
2 0 My teenage children _
c has a bizarre sense of humour . ..
_ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ are coming with us on a trip
d th ey use 10 calcu late weather
to h aly. patterns . ..
3 0 l'd like yo u to m eet someone _ e . .. fo reign travel was exclusively fo r
th e wealthy .. .
4 0 Computers ---; -r-t-r- bave f . .. have beccme much more
revolutioniz ed communications. powerful in the last 15 years . ..
5 0 I can remember a ti me _ g ... don't even know who
Michelangele was .. .
h .. . ofte n m ake extravagant claim s
6 0 My younger brother _
about holid ay resorts .
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ gave me a wig for Christ mas.
.. . I'd m ost like to visit .
7 D The people had to ... I've been mean ing to int rod uce
take th e train ho rne.
you to for ages .. .
8 0 Would you like to watch t he video ?
9 0 I don't like travel brochures _

10 0 The island is Ma dagascar.

68 Unit 11 • The endsof the earth

2 Correcting rnistakes
In the followi ng sentences, th ere are some mis takes
in the relative clauses. Find th em and co rrect t hem. 3 I M ARLB QROU G H CR ES C ENT - C A M BRID G E CB2 4W G

1 Tbe island o f Mal ta th at is situated south o f Sicily SUl1J'hil1.e Tn::wel

and whic h used to be a British colo ny gained its U3 Emol1- RJ
independen ce in 1964.
L,,,,,m N2 c.TIJ
2 A man to who m I was talking to recently told rne
a joke, wh ich was very funny, but that I've
unfortunately forgotten.
3 The In u it who we used to call ' Eskim os' are an
an cient people. My luub",, ~ "" ~ I h<"Ive. jK.ft h<"Id "" hotid""y whUk your
4 Pete t he guy who's car I bo rrowed last week is '!9uu.y 0"3",,!1iuJ ""I'td whUk ..,
visit ing his mum that's ill.
5 You need a passport for th e count ries to where
you're t ravelling.

3 Spoken versus writtenstyle

Read the t ranscript of part of a telephone call in whi ch
a woman is com plain ing about a holiday.
Weite her letter of com plaint, usin g more formal
Bnglish. The letter should contain the same
information and incorporate relative clauses where
appropriate. The beginning has bee n do ne fo r you .

" Good morning. My husband and I have just had a

holiday and ... Yes, that's right, yOUT agency organized
It, and I feel I must complain about it. ." Weil, when
we arrived at th e airport tbe tour guide .. ' ves. she
was supposed to take us to the hctel, but she wesn't
there. We had to take a taxt . ... Yes, that's right. And it
eost a lot of money. Now,in the brochure - you sent us
a brocbure two months ago - It seid our hotel was 'a
stone's throw from a golden beech fringed by coconut
palms'. This wasn't true. ... Can I finish, please1 In fact
it was three miles from the coast . And the 'beacb ' -
we went there on our first day - the beach wasn't Y'KrJ j_itlifuliy,
sandy at all, but rocky and muddy. .. . Yes. And as if J MI1AA 5mitk
that wesn't bad enough, to get to the beach you had
to cross a motorway! ... yes a motorway! And it was
full of speeding traffiel And the n the hotel. It was dirty
and oId, and you said it had 'all modern conveniences'.
When we ceme to see you, you told us about the A
wonderful food ... yes, you promised it would be
of an internationally high standerd. Well, dinne r ~/
was th e same every night and tbey didn't serve it
I I
until 10, and everyone was wanting to go to bed
then. I think your company owes us an apology and
arefund.... Well, its motto is 'We aim to please'....
How much1 Five hundred pounds would be an "
aceeptab le amount . That's halftbe cost ofthe holiday.

Unit 11 • The ends of the earth 69

 Participles 5 Signs and labels
.... Grammar gefeeence 11.4-7 Student's Book p159 Com plete the signs an d labels with a verb
fro m the box, either as a presen t or a past
4 Formingthe correct participle par ticiple.
Rewr ite the sent ences using a p resen t or past participie. apply borr ow deliver leave
park pay req u rre swim
She pu t on her coat, then went out. take travel
!:lavj"9-plIt 0" h.UQ'l:t ,__$_heJ,!~"tollt...!.
• •
2 If you view the cliffs from this angle , th ey look very tall. VISITORS

CAAS HEAE
00 SO
3 He got run over as he crossed the road. AT THEIA
OWN AISK
• •
4 I walked down the road and I hu mmed to myself at the 2
same time.
~ three times a day, this
,.! l
5 If the weathe r p erm its, we can go on a tour of th e island
•
"5
medidne will reheve cold symptoms
instantly
0'
i~
h
tomor row.

6 She'd eaten earlier so she wasn't hungry. BICYCLEB IN

FRONT OF THE FIRE EXIT
WILL BE REMOVED
7 [ live near th e sea so r get plen ty of o ppo rtu n ities to go
swimming.
f'
4

8 When I'd visited Zan zibar I flew on to the Seychelles.

Books

9 David has been reject ed by his p eers and lacks co nfide nce, so he f rom the lib rary
would certainly ben ef it fro m a cha nge of sch ool.
mu st be returned
within time weeks

10 She Spill wine on her dress and completely ru ined it.

5

Patients an urgent
appointment should ring 793862

70 Unit 11 • The ends of the earth

6 6 Participle c1auses introduced by while, when,after, by,
on, and since
Rewrite th e sentences, using a wa rd from the box and a participie
clause with -ing.
I after by on since when while I
CHILD REN
He finished werk and went home.
_ _ _ _ IN
Aft~ fblishinA.W.Qd::...t!e w~"ihQm e.-,-
THIS POO L MUST BE
2 He ate his supper and read a book at the sam e time .
OVER 5 YEA RS O LD

7 3 He invested wisely so he m ade a lot of müney.

Passengers to al!
stations beyend Exete r sho uld use
the front four coaches c nly 4 I came to live in the country a few years ago. I n ow realize h ow
much I hated living in town .

w 11 _ 5 He graduated from u niversiry and went off to work in Australia.

o
-
>
C
prornptly, the

<I: ointme nt will

rapidly reduce 6 Wh en yo u go ab road, it is advisable to take out travel insurance.
the swelling
caused by
insect bites
7 I cam e across a wonderful book. I was browsing in our local
bookshop.

8 I worked hard and I managed to pass all myexams.

Take-ari,Y orders over €20
_ _ _ __ free of charge
................................... . 9 Whe n you open a tin, be careful no t to cut yourself.

10
Cu.rt DWlUS by
10 When we heard the weather forecast, we decided not to go
treJit ~rJ wiLL be d1Jf.l'jeJ camp ing in th e mountains.
5% Ul mmi r..ru,J1..

Unit 11 . The ends of the earth n

 Listening 3 Match a verb in A with a noun in B to make
collocations. Look at the tapescript on pB?
7 Simon Winchester: how Ibecame a journalist to check.
DIll Listen tc Sirnon Winchester, a BBC foreign A B
correspon den t, talki ng about h ow he bega n h is career.
Put th ese even ts in th e corr eet order. 1 0 get a a long story short
o read a book called Coronation Everest 2 0 go into b a deg ree
o met larnes Morris in Wales 3 0 beat c your resignation
o received a letter from Iames Morri s 4 0 rnove d th e best of friend s
OJ read Geology at Oxford University
o resigned from hi s job in Africa S 0 hand in e commerce
o worked on an oil rig in the North Sea 6 0 cut f hause
o went to Uganda to work as a geologist 7 0 remain g a rival
o flew back to Britain
o wrote tc Iam es Morris
o found a job as a jourrialist in Newcastle upon Tyne Pronunciation
8 Ward stress
EVER EST C O~Q U E RED IIIIJ Write the words in the co rrect column,
• according to their stress. Then Iisten, ch eck,
III LLARV AN D TENSING REACR an d rep eat.
TUE SUMMIT
agriculture ind ependence
auto no m ous inhabitant
cclony isolated
com mun ity m agniti cent
depression popula tion
desolate seasonal
dialect situate d
econorruc super market
econo my temperate
eruption unemployment
exotic volcanic
explorer

2 Dill Listen again. Are th e sen tences true or false? Co rrect

the false ones. I • ••
10 Sirnon didn't become an acad emi c becaus e h e didn't
get a very good degree.
2 •• •
2 0 They reached the summit of Everest on th e morning
of th e Queen's coronation on 2 Iu ne 1953.
3D Simon was particula rly impressed that Morris had 3 ••• • ! griculture
been the first journalist to report th e news.
4 0 Simo n wro te to lames for advice on how to become
4 •• ••
a jeuma list.
S0 Iames advised hirn no t to becorne a joura alist.
60 Simon didn't meet James unti 1 1974. S • •••
7 0 Iames had cha nged into a woman and changed his
name to Ian.
8 0 Simon and Iames have Jost to uch with each other.

72 Unit 11 • The ends of the earth

Vocabulary
9 Adjective order 10 Geographieal features
~ GrJ,mmar Rrierence nr Student's Book pU7 Co mplete the sentences with th e word s
Read th e extract from a t ravel d iary. Co rr ect any mi stakes in the order in the box.
of adjectives.
Bay Canyon diffs
Delta Estuary peak
peninsula Plains Reef
waterfall
Te>tUty W4.S ext n_'y l.Dt ilIl".d ~id . llIi..s f'\"'\On'I~ 1. left t\.e I.otel
lIt tel'l .-.d ~tvYd Mt " ~tD'M'l, cl"'O'NcfetJ, rci..sy Kyot o. 1. ~
.f0l"" ~i.sevnk" d t e Mple #..1t " -fv-ier-od cf 1"\"'l;'IIe .sQid I ..s~lcM't
l'I"Ii..s..s. A-I~ 1. WA.S ~~ 1+ +, c.ottCWI) ccol c1ot\.~ 1. W4.S
AIYuJy ..sHeAt~ Me..- tw-.+y t"I"Iin.A+e..s . 50 ~ 1. y~ tN
+uoyle 4IfId Wolllk..e.d M 1. WA..S .stn.oe.k.. .., tM pe..:ace-n..I, W'k. ;"'+e...ioY.
5'-i.,SoUl-do '.s A ~t'rfv,l, wooduI, old +&t'I"fle ......;1+ 'Hit'" 9"'e.tt
.siWlflicity w.d grAce, ~yy~ed ~y tAII, W\C.iel'lt rI"Wlfle tree.,s,
WId DVe,,"'ooIt..iW'!9 d dup, 1 ~ f"O""'d wi#.. I'Y\O ~-eove .,..e.d yocu .
iMre i.s ij!my.J, tN ~ cf n.-"'-9 WoIte'" M ~ t-y1e.s
w.d to #.e left o.f ße poro6 WlU • f~t.w. 'Nit\. • ~, . lack.,
1 We took th e ferry from Calais in
~ tv.k .....id. t ;rred kc.k.....d.s ~ it W4.S fv.n of Wottey, l"I"oIlIk.~ northem Franc e and soo n we could
" .soft k..vlOdl~ ~ "'" t\.e .sto- kl"df\,. ~i le 1. W4.S .sitt""'9 see the white of Dover
c.,.o.s.s- l~ CM +k tltt"""i l"I"Illt, look..i,"" wt At t\o.e 9'"""del'l, 1. ~t in th e dist ance.
;"'+0 CC\'IVe'r.SAtiovl 'Ni#.. " ycvw; iW'ltel""u+~ W'\I1Io'I weN~ /11 cottCM 2 Last year we went d ivin g off the Great
• k..oe r '*e. He told WIe N ~ tkre t o l"l"Je4it.te eile""! J,;;,y. 1. Barrier in Australia.

CDVold .see "'1 ' ~ 1. lrlt, 1 exre"'~ llo'I MeretJa.le ~ cf 3 Niagara Falls is th e highest
_ _ _ _ _ in Nort h America.
c..:all'O'\ w.d we ll-k~ w.d ll..S 1. 54t """"'~ , co ld, 101"05 cfril'lk. M , lovely
4 We watched the sun set over th e Pacific
little ~e. .-.ot .f.w- fmA'j, 1. YeAli'Zed tNl t 1. ~ 't .feIt lik.e tNlt
as we drove crossed the Golden Gate
il'\ , ve.yY I ~ t iW\8.
Bridge over San Francisco

5 The Gra nd in Co lorado

is over o ne and a half kilometres deep.
6 Everest is th e highest m
th e Himalayas.
7 Spain and Po rtugal are a

8 The Thames flows int o

th e North Sea.
9 Altho ugh it is surro unded by desert,
th e Nile IS very

in tensely cultivated.
10 Whe at is the principal crop grown on
th e Gre at in the USA.

Uni! 11 The ends of the earth 73

 Synonyms Prepositions
11 shine and words with a similar meaning 12 Prepositions in set phrases
Comple te the sen ten ces with the correct form o f the 1 Comp lete each list of phrases wit h in, cn, at, or by.
words in th e box . Use each ward once wit h its litera l
m eaning aod a llee wirh a m etaphorical m eaning.

-
1 2 3 4
dazzle glow flare flash
shine sparkle full speed duty tears the lookof
flicker twi nkle
things
regular show common
Liter at me aning
intervals a knife edge advance heart
sorneone's chance
Across th e harbour, th e lights .MlI.~~_ in th e
disposal
distan ce.
2 If car d rivers don't d ip their headlights at night, th ey
can you, and rou can't see anything. 2 Com plete the sentences with th e set phrases from
3 I love the war the dring em bers of a fire exercise I .
_ _ _ _ _ in th e dark. 1 All the hot el facilities are _
4 lf sailors are in difficulry, th ey can fire _ d ur ing your stay.
into the air to attract attention. 2 1 badn't planned to see her - we just met
5 There was a sudden of lightn ing.
6 I like to polish my shoes fo r a long time to get a 3 They have a lot : th ey
bot h love walki ng, swim min g, and gardening .
really good on them.
4 Travelling , the bullet
7 She stood by th e sea an d watched th e su nligh t
train can do 270 km/h.
_ _ __ _ on the water.
5 The policewom an wasn't _
8 A cand le will -r- in a b reeze, cast ing
at t he time, so she wasn't in uniform.
shadows roun d a room .
6 Th e econo my is at the
Metapho rical meaning moment and we cou ld easily go into in a recessio n.
9 Th e book got a review in th e 7 What's u pset Ian ei She was _
newspap er, so 1 went o ut and bought it. _ _ _ _ _ whe n I saw her just now.
10 He's poor at creat ive th in king, but he really S As you'r e new to th e job 1'11 come _
-,---_ -,---_ _ at anything th at requires m anual _ _ _ _ _ to see how you' re gett ing on.
dexter ity. 9 Linda isn't coming to
11 People say that just befor e death , the who le of your work today. It's already half past ten.
life in fron t of you in a split second. 10 Payment must be mad e _
12 He prepared a gour met meal, totally unassisted, in an d goods will not be delivered until the accou nt
the of an eye. has b een settled.

13 Violence has up again in Kroan a, 11 I've typed t his lett er of rejectio n so ma ny times no w
where th e situation is borde ri ng on civil war. 1 know th e whol e thing _

14 As soon as 1saw her co me on stage, I was 12 All the latest computers will be _
at the exh ib ition .
_ _ _ _~ b oth by her bea uty an d performa nce .
15 When o ur eyes m et, a slight of
recognition crosse d h is face, but he mad e no other ENDQUOTE
sign that he rem ernbered me.
'Travel makes a wise man better, and a fool worse.'
16 T he party was all right, but it lacked -;---;_-,_
T here was nothing ver y exciting or lively about it. Themas Fuller (Clergyman and hlstortan]

74 Unit 11 • The ends of the earth

 Linking devices • General revision
Idioms with time
Phrasal verbs -literal and metaphorical meanings
Life goes on
. - -.------ _.- ,

Linking devices
. . . Grammar Reference 11.1-6 Student's Book plS9

Revisionof linkers
Choose th e correct Iinkers.

Makingtime
T he be ginning o f calendars
(I) All the same/Even though we are not certain of the details of time-keeping in
pre hisroric eras , we da have evidence of some early att empts 10 measure tim e
(2) owing tolsince the discovery by archaeologists of ancient ar tefacrs. Por
example, 2 0 , 0 0 0 years ago Ice-Age hunters in Eu rop e scra rched lines on sticks
or bowls, poss ibly (3) so thatl because eI they could count th e days between the
ph ases of the m oon . And 5,000 years aga Sumerians (in pre senr-day Iraq) had
already divided time (4) as langas/ in such a way lhat a year had jo-day months
and a day 12 hours. (5) In spile of!Having long had a calendar based on the
rncon's cycles, the Egyptians then realized th at Sirius, the 'Dog Star', ro se next
to th e su n every 365 days. (6) As a re.sult,l All the same, in 4236 Be they devised a
365-day calendar.

Early docks
(7) As soon aslUnless peopie found a need to know the time of day, great
civilizatio ns in the Middle Bast and North Africa began m aking docks. Ir seems
thar th e Sumerian cultu re was the first to do so, (8) altho ugh l in SpÜl' ofit died
out before it could pass on its knowledge.
(9) Because of! So that the many obelisks found near the Nile, archae ologists
believe rhe Egyptians were th e next to develop rudime m ary d ocks. The
obelisks formed a kind of sun-dial - bu t only (10) as long as l so that the sun
shone! (11) Consequetlrlyl Even rhough rhe Bgypnans invented watet d ocks
(12) so as not to/ in order to be dependenr on the sun's rays.
The Greeks invenred a 'night clock' aro und 325 BC . This wa s a bowl-shape d
container that slow ly filled up with water coming in at a consrant rate.
Markings on the inside of th e bowl de rermined the hours so tha t (13) because of
I no matter how dark it was, they could 'feel' th e tim e wit h their fingers.

13 6 • A HIS T O RY O F T1 ME - KE E PI N G

Unit 12 ' life goes on 75

 ~. -
2 Using contrast linkers
( .
0: Somecentrast linken join two contrasting idees inthe same sentence.
whereas others lntroduce the secend idea inaseparate sentence.
I onfy got about tour hours' sleep last night, even though
I went to bed early.
I went tobed earlylast night. All the same, I onlygot about
(ourhours' sleep.
linking in one sentence linking over two sentences
Although Allt he same,
Despite Even so,
Even though However,
Muchas Nevertheless,
Whereas On the other hand,

Rewrite th e sentences using the linking words in brackets.

Despite n ot b ein g very weIl off he gives genero usly 6 A foot of snow fell overnig ht , and yet th e t rains were
to charities . (even so) still runn ing. (nevertheless )
He '$ not VtO'.-w. U-off. EyellSo..hUjyt ~!I tMrOu$ 1YJQ.
Gha d.ti~s,-

2 I admire her, th ough I find her difficult to get on 7 Th ere were fou r key players missi ng from th e tea m.
wit h. (much as) Th ey m anaged to draw the match, th ough. (all the
same)

3 He left school without any qualifications. However,

he's now one of the rich est people in th e world . 8 Although the painti ng will definitely increase in
(despire) value, you might co nsider selling it now if you need
the mone y. t on the other hand)

4 I don't beli eve in miracles. Neverth eless, h is recovery

seems to defy medical explanation. (although) 9 Kate was offered a place at university im med iately.
Mart in , on the ot he r han d, was rejected and is
planning to go ab road . (whereas)

5 My grandfather can describe in great detail even ts

tha t took place fifty years ago, although he often
can't remember what he had for break fast. (however) 10 His watch cost a fortune but it's very inaccurate.
(eve» though)

76 Unit 12 • Life goes on

General revision
3 Correcting mistakes
Cerreet tb e mistake s in th ese sen tences. [T he unit in 14 I'd rath er you to da it yourself. ( Unit 8)
which th e particular grammar po int is covered is given
in brackets.)
15 1regretted to sho u t at h im as he was really upset.
A Why did you tread on his roe!
( Uni' 9)
B I didn't mea n! ( Uni' 1)

2 A Your boors are all muddy!

B I've wo rked in the garden. (Unit 2) 16 I'm not used to write with my left hand. It's really
diffieult. ( Uni! 9)

3 She arrived lately for the meeting. ( Uni, 3)

17 I sincerelyagree with you. ( Un it 10)

4 I wish just you'd be quie t for a moment! ( Unit 3)

18 What a grea tly delicious meal! ( Unit 10)

5 Don't forget to phone mum, da you? ( Unit 4)

19 He passed h is driving test which surprised me.
( Uni' 11)
6 Never I have eate n so mu ch in one dar ! ( Uni! 5)

20 Budapest th at has a populatio n o f two m illion lies

7 Only when he collapsed I realized be was seriously o n the river Danu be. ( Unit 11)
ill. ( Unit 5)

21 Climbing the hill, th e view was fantastic. ( Unit 11)

8 He h as been alleged that he had an affair. (Unit 6)

9 There is expected to be 300 people at th e recep tion.

( Unit 6)

10 0 0 you think we can travel to other planets by the

end of tbe cen t uryi (Unit 7)

11 It's ten o'clock, so I thin k Io will arrive in Hang

Koog at th e moment. ( Uni! 7)

12 If you'd be taller, you could reach the shelf ( Uni! 8)

13 I wish you'lI come with me to London. ( Uni! 8)

Unit 12 . ufe goes on Tl

Listening Pronunciation
4 Estate agents' euphemisms 5 Sentencestress
IIID Listen to an estate agent descr ibing th e featu res of a hou se to II!IJ In the following con versations,
a co uple who are interested in b uying it. Nu mber the featu res in the u nderline the words whe re the ma in stress is
o rde r tha t th ey are descri bed by the estate agen t. in 8 's replies. Th en listen, check. and repeat .
A It was a n ice film. wasn't iti
D Prlce
8 You didn't really like it, d id you?
[JJ Leearien
I th ou ght it was awful.
D Condition cf hcuse 2 A T ha nk you for th e m eal.
D Kitchen 8 You didn't really like it, did you?
D Dining room You didn't eat much.
D Uving room 3 A What did you think of the film?
D Front garden B I liked th e scen ery, but the acting
was poor.
D Back gerden
4 A Who d id you tell about the par ty?
D Parking
B 1 toId Peter.
S A I lost all my money playing cards.
B I told you!
2 lIlII Read the t ru e defects of th e house th at th e cou ple are 6 A Who told Alice that I've heen sacked!
interested in buying. Listen again and co mplete the eu phe mistic B I told he r.
expressio ns th at the estate agent uses to un d erplay each defect.
7 A Just think! Ir you get this job, we'll be
able to afford a new car!
B If I get the job.
B A I've invited Robbte Williams ro u nd for
a dri nk.
B Not the Robbie Williams!
9 A Did you par th e gas bill?
B I th ought you'd paid it!
10 A Are you going to pay the bill, or shall I?
B It does n't matter who pays it as long as
one of us does.
11 A T h is is you rs, and yo u m ust keep it
fo r ever.
B I wo uldn't give it to anyone.
12 A It was very kind of you to giveLiam
that antique vase.
B I didn't give it to h im . He bough t it
, ... from me.

----~--------------- •...
Vocabulary petty trivial

6 Pairs of synonyms 13 T he govern ment has announced new m easu res to

Com plete th e sentences with the eorr eet adjectives. com bat crime such as va ndalism
and graffiti.
ancient antique 14 Matt ers whic h appear can turn
I inherited a beautiful wardrobe out to have far-reaching consequences.
from my grandmot her,
urgent vital _ _
2 Wh ile we were in Guatemala we visited the ruins of
an Mayan city 15 Tbe gen eral sent an message to
headquarters req uest ing immedi ate rein forcem ents.
current uQ-to-date 16 In a democracy th e media plays a _
3 In th e past he's always gon e out with English girls role in calling pol iticians to account.
but his girlfriend is from the
States. 7 Revision:word puzzle
4 Please visit our website for the most Use th e elues to complete the p uzzle. All the wo rds are
_ _ _ _ _ _ in form atio n on our products. in the text , A sideways look at time, o n p I I I of th e
Studen t's Book.
biased bigoted
Across
5 The book gives a very account of 1 the nounfrom modern (9)
the rebellion, failing to m ention an y inciden ts that 2 not consistently good and trustworthy ~O)
3 never-ending (11)
sh ow the rebels in a bad light.
4 extsting only as anidea, without physical eusterce(8)
6 Noth ing yo u say will make her change her opinions. S notcorrect or exact (10)
I've never met such a person! 6 the oppostte of rural (5)
7 a chart showing the days and months ofa year (8)
impartial open-minded 8 facts or e.. .eots. especially in nature (9)
9 theabtlity to accept delay (8)
7 During the sum m ing- up, the judge remained st rictly 10 thehabtt of being ontime (11)
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , favou ring neither th e 11 using a lotofenergy;too busy (8)
plaintiff nor t he defendan t. Down
8 Mike's pare nts aren't very _ something you need to take to estabhsh thesize.length, or
amount ofsomething (11)
about bi s bohe m ian lifestyle. Th ey want hirn to find
a secure jo b an d sett le down . 1
I I
immaculate imp..ec
.:;:c;a.bl
; ::;e ~ ... 2

9 He's renowned for h is generosity, goo d humour and

3
I
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ manners. 4

10 At the Oscar ceremon ies she looked sI I

_ __ _ _ _ _ _ in her Versace outfit. 6

faultx fla wed

7
I
11 We need to rethin k our bus ine ss strategy. Dur
8
I
9
current marketi ng plan is elearly
12 Th e TV would n't come on as there was a
_
,. I I
_ _ _ _ _ _ con nectio n in t he plug. 11
I I
Unit 12 • Ufe goes on 79
 Phrasal verbs Metaphorical mean ing

8 Connections between Iiteral and metaphorical 9 I didn't learn m uch Ch inese wh ile I was in Ch ina,
meanings but 1 a few useful,
everyday phrases.
Phrasal verbs can have both a Iiteral and a non-
literal meaning. Sometimes these can be quite 10 She was in terr ible debt by the time she left
closely related, and if you understandthe llteral universiry but was able to _
mean ing, yau can picture the metaphorical
_ _ _ _ _ on her parents for finan cial sup po rt.
meaning.
11 The plumber has been sayin g for weeks that he'Il
Co mp lete th e sentences using th e corr ect form of the come an d fix rny washing ma chine, so yesterday I
phrasal verbs in the box. Use each verb once with its _ _ _~_ hirn to a defin ite date.
literal m ean ing and once with a m etaph orical meaning.

catch up with cover up fall back

pick u p
sort out
p in down
stand up for
see th ro ugh
@J
Literat meaning
My CD collection was in a terrible mess, so one
aftern oon I it _
alphabetically.

2 As he was gett ing up , he ba nged his head, en d

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ onto the b ed wit h
a loud graan.

3 She had walked ah ead of th e othe rs, so she stood

and waited fo r them to _
____ her,

4 The who le t heatre audience _

_____ the Queen's arrival.
12 Don't let th e authorities daunt you. _
5 Don't just drop the pap er on th e floor! _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ you r rights!
_ _ _ _ _ it and put it in the bin!
13 You and I have a problem of communication, b ut
6 The house was going to be empty for a long time , so
I'm sure we can it _
they all th e fu rn it ure
with dustsheets. 14 Preside nt Nixon tried to _
_ _ _ _ _ his involvement in the Watergate
7 Th e police dog jurnped on th e escaping pri soner
affair, b ut the truth came out in the end .
and him so he
couldn't rnove. 15 She soon learnt to his
sm ooth exterior to the real person undern eath.
8 The t rain window was so filthyyou co uldn't
_ _ _ _ _ _ __ it. 16 Mic hael mis sed a whole term of scbool due to illness
but it did n't tak e hirn long to _
_ _ __ _ his classmates.

80 Unit 12 . life goes on

Idioms
9 Idioms withthe word time
1 Match an idiom in A with a definition in B.

A B
1 0 for th e time bei ng a it sho uld have happen ed lang aga
2 0 in the nick of time b for the present time, u ntil later
3 0 to bide one's time C old-fash ioned
d to wait for a good oppo rt unity
4 0 many a time
e even when circumstances are mos t favourable
5 0 at the best of tim es
f nothing to da
6 D ti me will tell
g we'lI kn ow in the future
7 0 behind the times h because of sentimental memories
8 0 time to kill before somebody was prese nt in a particular
9 0 abo ut time too enviro nment
10 0 liveon bor rowed time J frequ en tly
11 0 for old tim e's sake k at the last possible moment
12 0 before somebody's time I live or survive longer than expecte d

2 Choose the most appropriate id iom. ENDQUOTES ,.. on time

He's really behind the times/ biding his time.
He refuses to use th e computers at work. Match a ph rase in A with a phrase in B to make
quotation s abo ut time and life.
2 A Do you know Paris weil?
B Yes, very well. I've been the re many a time /
A
behind the times.
1 0 Time is a great teacher,
3 We arr ived at the best of firnes / in the nickof time,
just as the performance was sta rting.
2 0 They say that time changes things,
3 0 We should all be concerned about the future,
4 A loe has finally got round to mowing the lawn. 4 0 Life bas to be llved forwards,
B About time too!/ In the nick of time!
S 0 Time is a great healer,
5 I'm just biding my time / livingon borrowedtime, 6 0 II God had meant fo r today 10 beperteer.
but I am going to canfront her about it soon.
6 A Da you remember Daniel King? He used to
work in sales.
B No, he was behind the firnes / before my firne. a but can cnly be understood backwards.
Kierkegard [philosopher)
7 A Da you th ink Andrew will change his ways?
B I don't know. Time will tell/ About time too. b but a poor beauticiantudlle5 Harper (author)
8 I met Ann for the first time in twenty years so c but you actually have to change thern yourself.
we went for a drink for old firnes' sake/ at the best Andy Warhol (artist)
of times. d He wouldnt have invented tomorrow. Unknown
9 We've got time to kill/ many a time before the e because wewill have to spend the rest of our
train's due. Shall we go for a coffee! lives there. Charles FKettering (inventar)
10 A Shall I pu t the car in the garage? f bur unfortunately rt kills all its pupils.
B No, leave it out for the time being / On borrowed Hector Berlioz (composer)
time. I might need it later.

Unit 12 ' life goes on 81


Unit 1
UD
l've be en living in Britain for five years
now and I work for a large company and
there aren't ma ny fore igners wc rking here
so I' m su rro un ded by er British peopl e all
dar, er, most of my frie nd s and almost all
of my colleagues are British. And Ithink th ey
accepted me from the wa rd go, er, especially
because I came hcre f OT the job, and I was
considered good enough 10 be giventhis
job an d they accepted me as er so mebody
who does thei r job weil, er, so inregr arion
was never reallya problem. Er, what I fou nd
problematic in th e begi nni ng was er
especially the paperwork, er, er, side of
things, erm likeopening a bank account or
er renring a flat 10 live in. Erm, all the ru les
and regulations are set up to cater for people
who have lived in Britain all th eir lives, who
are British, and I simply cannot produce the
doc um en ts they want or, er, d on't h ave the
histo ry, er banking history for example.
Erm , so these kind of things were a1ways
a problem, but er, nobody treated me
differen tly bec ause I was a foreig ne r, and
I thin k in Britain where. especiaUyin the
So ulh East, er peopl e are used 10 er
foreigners, to d ealin g with fo reigners, erm
and I don't Ihin k they er reacted di fferen lly
to me, di fferently er to any Brit ish peopl e.
Erm , I have sett led down now in Brit ain
an d I'm he re far a, [pause] for the long term
reaUy. Erm, and I th in k I've, I've been
accep led by frien ds. by colleagues. by the
world around me, erm, and I think I, I enjoy
living here , er m , I don 't Ihink I'm living he re
as a foreigner, altho ugh I am st ill faithful lo
my roots and I go back 10 visit my fam ily er
quile ofte n, as ofte n as I can. and I still don't
cons id er myself British an d I do n't th in k
I ever will, but I do n't think th at's t he point.
I do n't consid er myself British because
er I was er Iwenty-seven when I first moved
here, so I had all that h istory be hind me .
all my upbringi ng behind m e.the cu!rura l
background , er my school years, er, my
friendships. er, my beco mi ng an, an adult.
The se an happ ened er back h orne and n ot
here in Br itai n, erm, when I talk to British
people sometimes they forget t hat I'm, I' m
n ot from arou nd here and they ma ke
82 Tapescript
references to TV series fro m the Seventies
or 10 famous people who were only fam ou s
in Br itain for a sho r l whi le, and I have no
idea who they are talki ng about, er m, it,
and in Britain I not iced tha t er general
kn owledge includes qu ite a lot of er
kn owledge of of o f these things, these
celebrities, TV progra mmes, cuh ural th in gs
that I simply have no me mory of becau se
I grew up wit h a d ifferent cultural
bac kground. Erm, so these sma ll t hin gs t hat
make everyday life a bi t more meaningful,
th ese, these were 311 di fferent for m e, er,
be fo re five years aga . And altho ugh I'm
cateh ing up fast. I, I do n't thi nk I will ever
become fully British .
UD
I L.. was, I grew u p in America, I lived
th ere tilll was in my early rwent ies, whe n
I m arri ed and moved to ltaly, Erm , llived
in Italy for rwenty-rwo years an d I've lived
in Great Br itain for the last twelve years .
1... they're all very, very d ifferent. I must
say th at th e di fference probably between
th e British an d th e Italians is th e greatest
difference, erm, Iralians are very verbal abo ut
the ir emotions, they, they have a, always have
a frie ndly ba nte r, so metimes frie nd ly
arguments, but th ere's never ma licious ness.
Erm , I find th e, th e Br it ish a re quite reserved ,
in fact th ey're very reserved , bUI they're also
qu ile rep ressed , and I th ink that beea use o f
th is side of them th ey erm, Ihey lend to have
a lot of anger, an d I thin k th is comes o ut very
m ueh in the yob society, in erm Ihe bra wls,
in the foo tb all violence , and it's, I find it
qu ile d ifficult beca use it's very hard to speak
to errn a, a Brit and say exaetly what you
th ink, because they will very often react
badly. I do th ink it 's q uite fu nny because th e
Britis h society seems to be d ivided into littl e
secti ons and yo u have very, very eccentr ic
people who tend to, I thi nk, rebel aga inst
th is very, very, reserved side of the British
er. per sonality.
In ltaly erm , th ere's ver .. . Ihe re isn't a 101
of vio lenee, erm, and the peop le are very,
very, very frien dly, an d they will ar gue abou l
so ma ny th ings, even th e football mat ch that
happened yesterday, bu l it's always with a
friendly attitude an d , er m , I thi n k that the
Ame r icans ar e probably somewhere in
between the British and th e Italian s, beeause
the Ame r icans are very indivi dualistic and
th ey do spea k thei r ml nd and th ey d o say
what they thi n k and they're quite belligerent
abou t the ir o pi nions .
Wh en I first arrived in, in Great Br jtain
I fo un d it very, very difficult to feel
co mfo rtable afte r having lived so ma ny
years in ltaly, I fo un d th at beeause I am very
outspo ken. I say what I think th at people's
reaction was qui te negative. And l 've slowly
lear .. .slowly, as on e d oes, learn ed to adapt
to th at by saying li .. . less, but I still by
natu re, after so ma ny years o f my life being
spenr in a cou ntr y whe re it was rega rded as
erm somethi ng worth be ing , erm, o ne who
spo ke thei r mind, I find it really quite
dlfficul t to erm even, even now after havin g
lived h ere for eleve n o r twelve years, very
diffic u lt to, to not say what I thln k. But I'm
learn ing, but I, it's not what I wo uld call the
ideal situatlon and I do feel that , erm ,
probably one of tbese days I will go bac k 10
Italy becau se I do feel that I'm m uch happier
there, beca use I feel freer, er m, free r to
exp ress myself freer to be myself.
I rhink it's very d ifficult to adapt to a
country which is as trad itional as Great
Brita in isoSaying Ihal , I mean , Britain has
wha l I conside r to be the best h umour in th e
world. lt's Ear better th an American hu mour,
it's far better tha n Italian hu m our and il's far
belt er er weil than any hurnour that I kn ow.
Italian hum our is very slapstick, Ameriean
hum o ur ca n be qu ite vulg ar, and British
hum o ur is ju st very, very caustic and very
clever. But erm, you kn ow, that's a smalI,
that's a sm all mi nority oEthe general
population.
Unit 2
OB
O ne book th at I' ve reaUyenjoyed recently
was, u m, by Nick Hornby, u m , an d il's called
How to be good. And it's about, u m, a kind o f
typieal, typ ical, pro spero us, up per-m iddl e-
d ass London family - th e h!Jsband is a
jo urn alist an d the wife is a doclor - a nd th ey
h ave two niee . youngish ch ildren, u m , and
th eir life appears to be fine, b ut um, the
hu sban d, over the twenty years of h is
m arr iage, h as become a very so rt oEbi ller,
cynical, u nhappy ma n, um , and his wi fe kin d
of wishes he was happier,she, she wishes that
they were happier in their marriage. He, he
never seems to have a good word to say
about anybody, he's always very crirical about
everyt hing, um, and she would like this 10
change, she would like them 10 be kind of
happy - nOI carefree, necessarily- but just
happier tha n they are. Um, and one day he,
he, he suffers Irom a bad back and he goes
off 10 see a, a kind of a faith healer - which
is veryvery unlike hirn, I mean he would
nonn ally dismiss faith healersas complete
nonsense- but he goes to see a faith healer,
and the faith bealer completelyeures his bad
back. in in in an hour. Um, this Ihing thar he's
suffered from for years is Is is cured, um, and
the faith healer also starts to bavea kind of a,
an influence on his character, on his
personalily and he very quicklychanges from
being an extremely cynical. unhappy,but
quile funny, man, um. 10 being an eXlremely
caring, socially-aware,bUI very unfunny man.
Um, and his wifeobviously nolices this
change and he slarts to introduceall these
plans to Ihe household 10 Iry to make the
world a better place, he he becomes obsessed
with with making the world happier and
making pro pIe happier, um and he does
things like, he forces his children 10 play with
the most unpopular children in Iheir d ass,
because he thinks thai Ihey ought 10 play
with unpopular children, becauseit will make
the world a happier place and he brings
homeless people back horne and gives them
dinner and promises 10 give Ihem dinner
every Sunday, for example, and obviously, his
family's reaction is, is, is,one more or leS5 of
horror, um ... and, you know,his children
don't reaUy like having 10 play with the most
unpopular children in the class and his wife
doesn't really Hke having homcless people
corning for dinner evcryweckend, um, and
she doesn't Iike Ihis change Ihat has come
aver her husband. She didn'tlike hirn before
because he was tOll unhappy and cynical
bul she liked the facl that he had a sense
of humour. Nowhe's losl his sense of
hurnour and he's gained a sense of social
responsibilily. Um, and it's eXlrernelyd everly
wrinen in that I cerlainly inslanlly recognized
the type of farnily thaI this was and I
re<ognized some of my own kind of
personality traits in the trails of Oavid, I'm
ashamed to admil, that - this kind of natural
cynicism, and and reaction of 'Oeuch!', you
know, nOI reallynol really caring about a lot
of things thai one should a re about. Um,
and it's, it is a very, veryfunny book. I mean
Nick Homby is, is, is besl known, I su p~,
as a comic writer, um, and it did make me
Iaughout loud, laugh out loud. Bils of it
really were very funny indeed, bul there's
this kind 0 (, uh. always this this undercurrenl
of a, a deeper philosophica1 message, which
makes il quile a serious book ,11 the same
time. I think thal's why I liked it.
Unit 3
UD
Interviewer Right. Now, I'm with Anita
Roddick in your majestic office in Ihis
fantastic building here. And what struck
me as r came in was; it makesyou sm ile.
You know, these statues that jcc've got
here,
Roddick lt's a, ,1 workplace thai is human.
The worst thing about any workplace is
that it's never seen as a form of aesthetics
-clittle boxes where people werk, pale
walls,a coupleof dry plams. For me It'ea
geographyof spacethar should absolutely
spell out creativity. So creative messages, er
the unexpected, 00 for example, ~ bave,
we have, we've taken works of art like
Dejnmer sur "herbt, um which is a
wonderful l mpressionist pi«~ of art, and
we'V(' made .. . moulded it inlo 3D statuts.
So. here is an artisi, !WO artists with Iheir
model,lol ... naked, having a, having a
dejeuner a lunch in the, in our sort of er
our campus site, so everybody who passes
into the main building seesthese naked.
bodies.And )'Ou know and it's just
unexpected, and I think the unexpected is a
(orm of crealivity.
You go into the main building and there's
quOtes about women and there's slatements
on, on activism and er it's just ... and big,
big blanke! words Iike'Loveyour body',
00, embellishingIhe walls. So, it is, it is,
h's saying that, 'You're not coming into
,1 normal company here:
Interviewer As I drovc up I saw that slatue
of u Dejeunersur l'herbe and it wasso
interesting r, ltook a picture of it - I hope
you didn'l mind ...
Roddkk No, not at ,111, I think-
Interviewer r'm sure everybody does. But
then right next to it was a chap mowing
the grass and I should have said to hirn,
you know, 'What do you think of Ihis
statue?: but I didn't. Bul you know people
like that, ordinary working people, I
wonder how they would take 10 Ihis
aesthetics in the workp\ace.
Roddick r think ther .. . as, as you reacted 10
it, with ,1 smile. h has to be about laughler,
it has to be about chukiness and parody
and wit. You know, who says. there's no
book ever written, there's no words by God
or the gods or both, there's no, nothing in
nature that saysthe workplace has tO be a
diminishmenl o( the human spirit. You
know, this is where people spend most of
thcir life, er working life,er daily Iife, eight
haues a day, it's where!h er devdop !heir
friendships. it's where they're many limes
more creative, where ther're having their
relationships embellished.
UD
Roddi ck I think they ... as, as you reacted to
it, with a sm ile. ft has 10 be abou t laughter,
it has to be about cheekiness and parody
and wit. You know, who says, there's no
book ever written, th ere's no words by God
or the god s or both , th ere's no, nothing in
nature that says th e workplace has (0 be a
diminishment of the human spirit. You
know, this Iswhere people spend most of
their life, er working life, er daily life, eight
hc urs a day, it's where theydevelop their
frjendships, it's where they're many times
more creative, where they're having their
relationships embellished.
Unit 4
IDJ
Tbe idea ofbeing (amous ... I have 10 say thai
for me the mind boggles when I haveto mink
about what on earth (Quid poMCSS peop\e to
wanl to have thai fate in life,to be (amous,
and it certainly makes me realize that it takes
a11 sorts to make a world, beause mere are
o( course, tbere are bundreds of people out
there, aren't there, who are just desperate to
do anything 10 get on television and become
famous TV personalities, and it's obviously
something that d rawsan incredible number
of people.And I suppose it must saya lot
about different personality types because,
I'm the kind of person, i( I'm shopping,
walking in the street, and I'm not even that
keen when I bump into someone I know,
becauS(' I do liketo walkaround and be, a
Iiule bit lost in my own world reaUy, losl in
my own thoughts, and it's ,1 bit of a shock if
sornehody suddenly says hello, and I have to
kind o( suddenly engage in interaction in that
way. So, I mean, the thought of walking down
streets and complete strangers coming up
10 you and starting conversations is
unbelievably horrific. I cannol imagine who
could possibly get any satisfaction out of thaI
idea. So that's obviously something r would
reaUy haie is Ihe idea o(being recognizable.
And on top of that the prospect o( media
attention, oh, I mean that is something that
I think that, even the most seasoned and
experienced celebrity will admit thai it's
something they really, really get very,very
lired of indeed. And you often see this in
programmes where ther're trying to show
whal it's like, people opening the doors and
aII those flashes. flash camerasgoing off in
your face and joum alistsmobbing each other
to try to gel to you, and I'm sure thai can
aClually be very, veryfrightening j()'Ou
simply just can't get away from it.
So, what on earth is it that makes people
wanl to be famous? I think that a 101 of
pro pie who hanker after (amI' reallydon't
care what mer mighl be famous (or - ther
just want to be famous. Farne is an end in
itself.They want to be the centre o( atteniion,
T.pes<ripl 83
 they crave adulation, they want to rub
sh oulders with pop sta rs and film stars.
And that's the problern of so much fame
and celeb rity these days,tha t, with reality TV
there's a 101of people who become famous
for doi ng virtually nothing. and, it rerninds
me of a ... of course there's a famous quote
by Andy Warhol, who. he said that in the
future everyone would be famous for fifteen
minutes,and I heard someone the other
day say that with the advent of reality N,
unfort u nate ly, it's turned out thai Warhol's
fifteen minutes has become more like thirty
minutes.
But there's another kind of fame , I
suppose. 1mean it's the idea ofbe ing
remernbered for something.Thai must be
a nice idea, if you could be remernbered for
doing something thal's worthwhile. So, yeah,
if you could be verywellknown for some
significant achievemenl, then, that must
be a verygratifying kind of farne, you were
always famous as the ~rson who found
the eure for cancer, something Iike that,
and 1.1think those kinds offame needn't
necessarilygo with immediate recognition,
in the street for example.
And ... what kind of area ... ? Ithink
it must be very nice to be something like
a successful and famous wriler, of fiaion,
so that you'd feel likeyou'd created, you'd
written some wondaful noveIs that people
had really loved and had enriched their lives.
And I'm sure there, there's a degree of farn e
that must be quite enjoyable, to go on to
art showson television and talk about your
work and be interviewedand take part in
discussions and to be a, just enough of a kind
of a media celebrity. But I'm sure you could
achieve that without being mobbed in the
street and accostedby strangers, so, mmm,
that's about the only way I could imagine
it being a, an attractive prospect.
UD
I haveto say that for me the mind boggles
when I have to think about what on earth
could possess people to want to have that
fate in life, to be famous, and it certainly
makes me realise that it takes all sorts to
make a world.
... I'm the kind of person, ifl 'm shopping,
walking in the street,and I'm not even that
keen when I bump into someone I know,
because I do Jike to walk around and be,
a liule bit lost in my own world really,lost
in myown thoughts, ...
I think that a lot of people who hanker
aher farne reallydon't care what they might
be famous for - they just want to be famous.
Farne is an end in itself. They wantto be the
eentre of attention, they craveadulation, ther
want to rub shoulderswith pop stars and film
stars.
84 Tapescript
Unit 5
Im
J Weil, it was nearly twenty live years ago
now ...
M It was twenty two.
J Oh yes.twenry two. And I was on holiday
in Provence. A walking holiday. l 'm from
Holland- it's so tlat - so the mountains
he re, here in Provence were irresisnble,
especiallyMont Ventoux just here. It has
wonderful walkingtrails.
M Yes, you see, I've lived in this vülage all my
life, I was bom here. Everyday J'vewoken
to the sight of the mountain rising up in
front of the village. Every day it's the same.
but a little bit different. 11'5so beautiful.
The way the snowline ebbsand Ilows in
the winter, or how the tlowers coverthe
mountainside in spring. 1I's, it's
entrancing.
J So, I was on holiday with a friend of mine,
Remi, and we'd walked to the summit
of Mont Ventoux. It's a longdimb, nearly
five hours. \'Je could see a village below
us, a beautiful medieval ~rched village
cascading down the hillside.1t took us
hours to reach it ... and by the time we
did we were exhausted and very thirsty.
So, the first housewe came to I knocked
on the door to ask for a glassof water,
and ...
M Oh,l remember
J ... and the most beautiful girl opened
the door!
M Oh, /aap!
J And I feUin love. On the spot. That was
it! Myfriend returned to Holland on his
own.
M It's true! Poor Remi.
J Hut lucky me.
M It was so unexpected. See, I am an artist,
a potter, so my friends always believed
I would marry a creative man, another
artist or a poet. And in a way I have.
You see Jaap was a physies teacher when
I met hirn. Hut l have taught hirn how
to work with the polter's wheel, to throw
the d ay, and work with the kiln. He
learned so quickly and beeame an expert-
perhaps his science background helped.
Friendssay my pollery improved the very
day I met ' aap, and now we've worked
together for over twenty years. He throws
the pie<:es, and I hand paint them.
The studio where we work is attached to
the house, and we have a smallshop next
to that_Whether we're working or not, we
always have the view of Mont Ventoux to
inspire os. We nevergrowbored of that,
or each other.
Unit 6
OD
Leonardo D iaz, wh o's from Colombia, had
a lucky escape while climbing in the Andes
last week. The novice c1imber got caught
in a freak blizzard 4,000 metres up in th e
mountain s. Diaz t ried to call for he1p on his
mobile phone but was unable to make a call
as his pay-as-you-go credi t had run o ut. 'I'd
forgotten to buy some more minutes," he said.
lust when he bad resigned hirnselfto freeaing
to death, he received a call, from a salesperson
at the phone company, wondering if he'd like
to buy some more min utes, Diazexplained
the situation and she alerted the emergency
services. She and her coUeagues then took
tums to call Diazto keephis spirits up until
help arrived seven hours later.
A pilot received a royal welcome when
he landed his g1ider on Saturday. The pilot
was taking part in a g1iding contest in the
Scottish Highlands when he began to lose
altitude. He decided to land his g1ider in
'a nice-looking field' near the River Dee-
only to find himself sunounded by police
officen. 1ttranspired that the 'fieId' was in
fact the cricket pitch at the royal palace at
Balmoral, and that the whole incident had
been watched with great interest by the
Queen, who was taking tea at the time. Her
Majesty wassaid to be relieved that no hann
had come to the pilot.
The number of compensation claims
made by Americans followin g'accidems'
has increased dramalicallyover the past
few years. Nowa newspaper has launched
the 'Stella Awards', named after Stella Liebeck,
who was awarded $2.9 million compensation
after spilling a cup of scalding McDonald's
eoffee on her lap. A contender for this year's
award is Carl Truman, who won $74,000 after
his hand was run over by a neighbour's car.
At the time he was trying to stealthe hubcaps
from the wheels. Another favourite is Amber
Carson, who received $ 113,000 from a
Philadelphia restaurant after slipping on a
spilt soft drink. The dr ink was only on the
f100r because Carson had thrown it over her
boyfriend thirty seconds earlier.
Unit 7
UD
Mn. Bennet fll make Lizzy see sense-
you can be sure of that. 1'11 talk to her
about it myself right away. She's a very
silly, stubborn girl and doesn't know what's
good for her. But 1'11 makesure she does
know!
Mr Collins Forgive me for intenupting,
but if she really is sillyand stubborn, l'm
not sure that me'd be quite the right ~rson
for a man in my position - I naturally want
a happy marriage. So, if she continues to
 reject me, perhaps it would be better not
to force her to accept me .. . because if she
does have such a probl ern with moodiness
she couldn't reaUy do much to make me
happy.
Mrs Benn et Oh, no, dcn't get me wrong.
Lizzy's only stu bbom in th is sort of
situation. In every other way she's as
sweetas any girl I know. l'll go and see
my husband at once. and l'm su re we'll
sort it out with her in no time at an.
Mrs Bennet Ceorge, I need tc talk 10 rau
r ight away. we're an going fra ntic! Vou
rnust come and make Lizzy marry William
Collins. Becau se she swears she won't bave
him and if you're not quick about it, he'll
change his mind and he won'r have her!
Mr Bennet I'm afraid I really don't Eollow
you. What are you talking about!
Mn Benriet Lizzy and Williarn Collins.
She says she won't rna rry William Collins
and William is now beginnin g to thi nk
he doeso't want to marry her!
Mr Benn et And what am r supposed to
da about it? It seems to be a hopeless
situation.
Mrs Benn et Speak to Lizzy aboul it yours elf.
Tell her that you insist that she marries hirn.
Mr Bennel Ask her 10 come here. l' n tell her
what I thin k.
Mr Benn et Come here, love. I wanted to
talk to you aboul an important matter.
I understand that Mr Collins has asked
you to marry hirn. ts th ai true?
Lizzy It iso
Mr Bennet Right. And you've said no.
UZZ}' I have.
Mr Benn et Right. Now we come to Ihe
difficult bit. Vo ur mother insists that you
accept his affer. Isn't Ihat right, Catherine?
Mn Benne l Yes, or J'll nf' ver speak to her
again.
Mr Bennet You've now got a very difficult
choice to make, Elizabeth. Frorn now on
you'lI have to break off your relationship
with one of ro ur parents. Your mot her
won't speak to you again if you don't rnarry
William Collins, and I won't speak to you
again if you da.
Unit 8
UD
I live in a hause which is packed with
paint ings and drawings, and erm, even when
I've been quite short of money, if I, or Julia,
partn er, if we see a picture that immediately
resonates with us, erm, that actually seems
siginificant to us, or that we're strongly
attract ed to, we almost aIways buy il. Erm ...
there's a painter that we have lots of works by,
called Walter Fusi, erm , I think we've known
hirn for abou! 10 years, and w(" have about
ten paintings by hirn, which is erm, I think
that works out at one a year. And the last
one we bought, errn, which we in fact got
last year, is ... weil, it's an extremely powerful
Uni! 7
5 Origi nal pessage from Prideand Prejudice
neoend on tt. MrCollins; sbe seid 'that Lizzy
shall bebrought ro reason Iwill speak tc her
about it myself directly. Shea is a very
headstrong fooli~h girl. arddoes not know
~ herown interest; butIwill make her krcw it:
'Pardon me for interruptingyou. Madam;
cried Mr CoUins: bur if sbe really is headstrong
and fccüsh Iknow not whether she would
altogerher be a very deslrabte wife to a man
10 in my situatico . whonaturally looks for
happiness intIM> marriage state. Jftherefore
she actually perssts in rejecting my suit.
perhaps it were betternot to force her into
accepting me. beceuse if liable tc such defects
15 of temper, snecould not contribute much
to my feliCity:
'Sir, yauquite misunderstand me: said
Mrs Bennet, alarmed. 'Liu y is onlyheadstrong
in such mattersasthese. In everything elseshe
20 isasgood natured a girl as€Ver lived. Iwill go
directly to Mr Bennet and we sllaU very soon
settleit with her, I am sure.'
She would notgive himtimeto reply. but
hurryinginstantlyto her husband, calle<! out
u as sheenteredthe library,
'Oh! Mr Bennet, you arewanted
immediately: weareallin an uproar.You
must came and make liuy marry Mr Collins.
forsnevows shewill not have hirn, and ifyau
JI) donot make haste IM> will change his mind and
not haveher:
Mr Bennet raised his eyes from his book as
sheentered. andfixed them 00 her face with
a calm unconcernwhich was not in the least
5S altered byher communication.
work. Erm, it's incredibly simple, essentially
it's more or less, they're simply like, they're
cirdes, but thefre like they're imperfect
cirdes, they're possibly, erm, almost oval.
These ( WO shapes, one of which is orange,
and the other, which is beneath it, is black,
and it's actually made oEerm, a glittering
black sand, which is stuck to the, stuck to the
paper, and these two cirdes are against an
incredibly strang, deep red background, an d
the paint of this background is applied so
thickly, it's almost like lava or something,
from a volcano. And then at the base of the
painting, there's a horizontal strip, which
'Ibave not the pleasure of understanding
you: said he. when she had finished her soeen.
'Of what are you talking?'
'Cf Mr Collins andUzzy. lizzy dec\ares she
40 will not have Mr Collins,and MrCollins begins
to say that hewill not have Uny'
'And what arn I rc da on the occasion? It
seems an bopeless business.'
'Speakto lirzy ebout it yourself. Tell herthat
45 yau insist upon hermarrying him.'
'Let her becalled down. She shall hearmy
opinion'
Mrs Bennet rang rhe bell and Miss Elizabeth
was summoned to the library.
so 'Come here, child; rrled herfarher asste
appeared 'Ihave sentforyou onan affair of
importance, Iunderstand that Mr CoHins has
made you an offer of marriage. Is it tme?'
[lizabeth replied that it was. 'Very weil.And
Si thisofter of marriageyou have refused?'
'Ihave. Sir:
Very weIl. We now COOleto the point. Your
mother insists upon yauraccepting it.ls not it
~, Mrs Bennet?'
60 'Yes, or Iwill never seeheragain:
'An unhappy alternative is now before you,
Elizabeth. From thisday you must beastranger
to oneof your parents. Your mother will never
seeyou again if you do notmarry Mr(o!lins,
" and Iwill never see you again if you da.'
[ lizabeth could not butsrnile at such a
condusiooof such a beginning; butMrs Bennet.
whohadpersuaded herse!fthat her husband
regarded the affair as she wishe<!, was
70 excessively disappointed.
again is, erm, is red, it's a, it's a lighter red,
and that essentially is all there is to the
painting. Erm, now it's very difficuh in terms
of an abstract painting to say why it's so
att ractive to you. But there's something very,
very strong and meditative about these
paintings, and also sa mething which is robust
and strong and vigorous, and, I don't know, I
th ink maybe it's the shapes he uses, are very
demen tal, and . . . there's something very, very
deep within you that, that responds to these
shapes. Now, he's an abstract painter, but
there's a very,very strong sense oE structure in
th e com position, and, I mean, as an artist,
Tapescript 85
 he's now 78,but he has over SO years'
experlence behind him, and I rhlnk in the
siruplest lines and sha pes that he produces,
you can see that there's all this experience and
discipline, and self-dlscipline behind them.
The re's anot he r little pai nting we have,
on the staircase , wh ich was a great find.
lt's an engraving, it's by a German artist,
who I act uaUy saw, years after we bought
th is Iittle eng raving fro m a second-hand
bookshop in Trieste. Erm . .. h e was featured
in an exh ib ition of Ger ma n Romanries
paintings, erm, in the Hayward Gallery in
London, and thls is simply, it's a self-portrait,
which was done in his late r llfe. lt's an
engraving, erm, he's a litt le ba ld -heade d
man. with a linie bea rd, an d the re's a deepl y
intimate sense to this self-p ort rait , an d .. .
I don't kn ow, it . .., in my mi nd I associate
it w ith Iulia's father, an d p ossibly even with
my own fathe r actually. Er m, it, it's a pictu re
that makes you thi nk of mortaliry, but also
of, r don't kn ow, in a sense the value and the
p recariousness of Iife, beca use it's qui te clear
that this was a self-p o rtr alt m ade by th e artlst
in hi s, erm , in his later years.
Unit 9
IID
Simo ne
I su ppose Hen ry the Eighth is mo st famo us
for the fact th at he had six wives. I kn ow
some of Iheir names, I actually know aß of
thei r nam es, hut l'm not sure r know them
in the eo rr ect order. But as far as r can
rememb er, his first wife was Catherine of
Arago n, th e second one was Anne Boleyn ,
th ird one was Jane Seymour, she was the on e
that he actually loved the mo st, fou rth one
was Anne of Cleves, fifth was Ca the rin e
Howard and sixth was Cathe rine Parr. So.
he obv io usly liked the nam e Catherme a lot,
hecause h e m arr ied three Catherines and he
ma rr ied two An nes as weil, which is qui te
extraordi nary reaUy.
And in terms of what ha ppene d to his
wives, l remember learni ng at sch ool a lin ie
rhym e to h elp, h elp you rem em her the fate of
h is wives in the correct o rde r, and it goes like
th is: d ivorced , beheaded, d ied, d ivorced ,
beh ead ed , su rv ived. So I' ve always found
th at quite useful.
Mmm ... I guess he was known for hav ing
a very ext ravagan t lifestyle, he liked to
enterta in, to wine and d ine his guests, an d his
kitchens were some o f the mo st impressive in
the western wo rld at that time, and you can
still visit those kitchens today at Ha m pton
Co urt Palace.
He's also fam o us for the fact that h e
was responsible for breaking away from
the Catholic ch u rch in Rom e, and also I
guess one could say he was, h e was a great
huil der, in the sense tha t he built O xford
and Cambridge colleges, an d he also bu ilt
86 Tapescript
quite a few palaces . and in cont ... on the
other h and he was also a great building
destroyer, he was responsible for what
was called the dissolutlon of the monasteries,
and, er, he actually burned an d des troyed th e
vast major ity of rnonasnc buildings in this
cou ntry. So, yes, he's famo us fo r quite a few
thi ngs an d his legacy certain ly lives on to day.
UD
Richard
Mmm ... history's not m y st ro ng point, I
have to say, b ut Henry the Eighth was such an
octrageo usty co lou rful cha racter, so I th ink 1
know the basic facts ab ou t hi m. Erm .. . he
came to the th rone in ... errn, m ust have been
about 15501 reckon. And he certain ly lived
it up . .. he liked his foo d and drink, th ar's
for sure, wh ieh is why he was so fat. But o f
cou rse. th e thi ng he's m ost renowned for is
having h ad so many w ives . .. six of them
altoget he r, famo usly. And there's erm ...
one thing I do recall fro m my d irn and distant
schooldays, is a little so rt of poem that my
teeeher said woul d always come in handy if
we nee ded to rem emb er the seque nce of th eir
respecnve fates. Er .. . it goes ... er ... let me
see ... beheaded, d ivo rced , d ied ... beheaded,
divo rced , survived. Mm m.
I can't do ma ny oftheir nam es. An ne
Boleyn was Ihe m ost famo us on e and I' m
pretty su re she was the first . .. yes, yes, I,
I'd put mo ney on that. And th e name Jane
Seymour sp rings to m ind , b ut I'm n ot sure
where she fits in . I presume that none of h is
m ar riage s lasted very long ... can't have really
if he ha d six. T he reaso n he got throu gh so
m any wives was that he desperately wanted
an heir, a male son . to take h is plaee as king.
I think he had !wo ehi ldre n in the en d, an d
o ne of th em was a bo y, but he was always ill.
Th e real po int abo ut a11 these d ivorces was
. .. it was Hen ry's n eed to do th is th at led to
Eng land splitting wit h the Catholic ch u reh
in Rom e, wh ich had a p retty dramatic effeet
on our histo ry rea lly.And after tha t, there
was so met hi ng ahou l the , th e dissolution
of the m onas ter ies, which is a very n iee way
of saying that he lo oted them an d the n sei fire
to th em. 1 know that becau se whe n you trave!
around Englan d , you come across a lot o f
rui ns of monaste ries.
UD
A Waiter! Wha t's th is in my bo wl?
B lt 's bean sou p. madam.
A I don't care what it's bee n. 1wan l to kn ow
what it is n ow.
UD
A Waiter!
B Yes?
A Wine to table th ree.
B 'O h, you people at table th ree, 1wish you'd
h urry up and decid e what to order. .. '
UD
A panda goes into a restau ran t and orders
a b u rger and chips. When he's finished, he
gets out a gun and starts sh oo ting holes in
the ceiling and walls. Then he gets u p and
ealm ly walks out. The waiter rusbes out afte r
hi rn and shouts, 'Wh at the hell do you thlnk
you were doing? You cou ld have killed
someone!' The panda replies, 'So rr y, but
I couldn't help it. Pan das always do t hat.'
'What do you mean, " Pand as always
do that"!'
The panda takes out a dictio nary an d
opens il to th e en try for pa nd a. ' Look,' he
says, reading from the d ictio nar y, ' Panda.
Large black an d white bear. Eats shoots
an d leaves,'
Unit 10
mD
There's o ne spo rt that leaves rne com pletely
cold, and that's golf. So straight away I
ap cl ogize to golf fans an d I'm sure th ey will
unde rstand an d sympathize with my lack of
insig ht into their sp ort. But it's the fact tha t
this has heco me a 1V spo rt, wh ich I jusl
canno t bdieve, because there are n o really
fast movem en ts in it. It's not as if yo u' re,
you'r e watehing pe ople (sor t of) rush around
in some flu id way, whi ch , wh ich usually
gene rates some kind of exeitement in spo rt.
No , th is is peo ple walking, walking around
fairly slowly and then stopping and waiting,
and we watch th em waiting and ago nizing
and delib eratin g, beeause of co urse it's, ' wh at.
wh at club am I going to use?' And meanw hile
for th e 1V actio n the eamera zoo ms in on
the, th e golf h ole in the distance an d ... there
is this great sense of expec tancy which is
build in g up meanwh ile, wh ich wou ld be fine
if something excit ing rea11y was go ing 10
happen. Bu t the reward we get for all th is, th is
waiting an d agon izing is . .. finally ...
'sch oom p f !' That's it, there's a quick shot, we,
we hear the noise, but then the camera tr ies
to find the ba ll in the air and ... this is the bit
I always find com pletely farcica l, because you
can see the cameraman d esperately t ryi ng to
lo cate wh ere th e ball's gone, and they can't,
t he eamera ean't follow the ba ll, so usually it's
no t unt il the ball lands so mew here that
finaUyth e eamera h ornes in on it . Er m , and
then Ihe spec ta to rs, and again , this is wha t
I can 't fathom, is why o n earth people wo uld
go ... and sometimes they sta nd in the rain
to go an d wateh Ih is. But they all app lau d
when th e sho t's bee n taken. Erm why? Weil
presumab ly yes, the ball has go ne in the
d irection of the hole - great - it has n' t landed
in any sand or water - fantastic - so, this is a
great cause for eeleb rati on. And so what next?
Ano ther long walk before th ey stop and the
who le process is rep eated . So, etm, I ca n't see
the point of. of watch ing it. The only hit I can
see where there's a lin Ie bit of tension is when

t hey finally get on the green an d they're
trying to er pu tt the ball to get it in to th e
hole, and often, yep, thcre's a little bit cf of
uncertainty there . .. ls it going to go in tb e
ho le or not? But no , not a lot, so o n, o n the
whol e I ju st find it, it really is ml nd-
numbi ngly boring.
I could ce n tras t that with ano ther sport
that I can see tha t some peopl e would say,
yo u know, 'oh, h ow on earth can you watch
that?', wh ich is snoo ker. And I used to
certai nly feel the same. I, I wo uld sta rr
watehing snooker on TV and switch off
p reny quic kly, but, I can't remembe r why,
1o nce erm go r involved in watch ing it ove r
a per tod o f t ime, an d of cou rse you begin
to realize a little bit more about what's goi ng
on. And thc mcre I watched it, I actually
began to ap p recia te what incredible skill is,
is at stake there, and of course, that is t rue
in all sports at the, certain ly at the to p level,
b ut snooker has this amazing combinatio n
of, of tbe physical agility, the, erm th e
sensitive touch it needs to h it th ose balls so
that they spin an d bounce off the othe r balls
at precise1y the right angle. And it's almost
like, it seems like Newtonian p hysics really,
th ey way they er m have to p la n th e t rajectory
o f the balls. But er, I remem be r wh at finally
d awned on me that am azed me ab ou t these
top players is that, when I remember having a
go at a snooker tabl e, the whole issue was 'can
I get that ball in that pocke t ? ~ and th at seems
qu ite a taUorder some ti mes. But of course,
these players, erm, th ey' re, they' re no t really
concentra ting so m uch on that, but the next
shot, and th at is amazing the way they are
always looking at th e lable, looking at the
palte rn of the balls and they're thinking
about whe re the next ba ll is going to go,
what t he next sho t after that is going to be.
Erm , an d I lh ink there's, 1 th in k the mental
er m conce nt rati o n an d cak ulatio n involved
in it seems 10 me som ething a- .. . ak in to
chess, so I think that's a, it's, I really ad m ire er
snooker players. I th in k they must have
tremendous skills, bo t h p hysical and mental.
Unit 11
DIll
In terv iewer Simo n, if you cou ld tell me h ow
you came 10 b e a foreign corresponde n l
and a travel wr iter in th e first place.
W m cheste r Weil, I became a jo urnalist
in a rath er p ecu liar way. I was u m I read
geology at Oxford and got a fairly bad
degree and not therefo re being ab le to
go into academics I went in to com me rce
and fou nd mysdf in Uganda, in western
Uga nd a, look in g for cop pe r, ostensibly,
findi ng no cop per, at all, but being
fascinated by on e pa r licular thi ng which
was mo un tain d im bing. I was on a range
of mountains and th ere's a lot o f in leresti ng
mou main lan d scap e in cen tr al Africa. So
I used to, I lived in a ten t, essenti ally, in the
foo thilIs of these m ountains , an d wo uld get
fro m the British Co unc il lib rary in a pla ce
called Fort Po rtal any books I co uld abo ut
m ountain clim bing. And o ne day after l 'd
been there for m aybe six m ont hs I go t a
book called Coronanon Everest by a m an
called Iames Mords wh ich was aboul h is
acco unt o f being The Times cor respondent
on the success ful Mo un t Everest expedition
of 1953. And it was pa rticu larly his story,
n ot just o f clim b ing the m ountain , b ut o f
gett ing rhe news of it havin g been di mbed
back to Lo nd on tc appea r in The Times
on th e morn ing of the Q ueen's corcnation
on 2 Iune 1953 . And it st ruc k me that no l
o nly was thi s a story of great heroism, but
it was also a story of amazing jo umalistic
t riumph, beating all h is rivals and gett ing
the ne ws exdusively for h is paper. So 1
wro te to hirn. I mean I knew nothi ng abou t
jou rnalism, but I said, ' Dea r Mr Mo r ris ...'
care o f his p ub lishers Faber and Faber in
l.o ndo n, T m a 21-year-o ld geologist living
in East Africa. Can I be you, essentially?'
And oddly en ough we foun d we were
mov ing hou se in Ame r ica a few mo nt hs
ago, and foun d in a b iscu it t in his reply
which was so u nbelie vab ly solicitous and
kind, in wh ich h e said , " It really is the
best job in the world. You'lI never make
yourself very rich, bu t you' lI have the most
wonderfully interesting and fulfilling life.
So if you reaUy wa nt 10 do it, my advic e to
you is to give up geology o n the day yo u
receive thi s lett er, come back to Britain and
get a job on a local news pa pe r." So I did it.
I hande d in my resigna t ion in Africa th at
day and I th ought, 'What the heck? Why
not?' Got to Enlebbe , took the BOAC flight
- it was that lang ago - back to Lon do n,
cou ldn't get a job o n a news pa per
immed iately, I mean, who wou ld want a
21-year-old geologist, if you 're a news
ed itor? But eventually I spent some tim e
working on an oUr ig in the Nort h Sea as
a geologist bu t event ually a ne wspa pe r in
Newcastle upon Tyn e to ok me o n , and to
cut a very lo ng sto ry sh or t, James an d I
corres ponded for years, he , by this t ime I
kn ew he was a well-known wr iter, with
book s o n in those days Venice and Spain
and Oxfo rd and thi ngs, and um bu t we
never met, unt il one d ay in 1974 wh en
we met in Wales. I was th en th e Guardia n's
correspon de nt in um Washi ngto n, and I
came bac k to go d imbing in Wales an d th e
wo man 1was d im bin g wit h said, 'You've
got to meet your hero , your me nt o r, James
Morris.' And he had chan ged into a
woman. He had become Jan Morris. An d
um wh ich was someth ing of a surprise.
But we've rem ained th e very best of
friends. We've wrinen a book togeth er, and
um I will talk to Jan o n th is visit to Brita in ,
I always do , and we stay with each other,
but it is rather strange when your guru
tu rn s int o yOUT guruess.
Unit 12
imI
Estate agen t Mr an d Mrs Browni
M rs Brown Tb at's righ t.
Estate agen t Gary Co nnelly fro m Sellit and
Run n. Ho w do yo u d o?
M r & Mrs Brown Hello .
Estate agen t I un derstand you 're in terested
in nu mbe r 2 I Ch u rch ill Road .
M e Br own Yes, th at's right.
Estate age nt Hcrc are thc det a ils o f the
prope rty. .. . Church ill Road is in a lively,
popular area of town.
Mn Brown Are thcrc any shops nearby?
Estate age nt Yes, the local sho ps are within
walking distance. And I believe there's a
regu lar bus serv ice into the city cen tre.
Mn Brown Uh, huh.
Mr Brown Is th ere a d rive or garage?
Esta te age nt Weil, t he hause be ncfits from
amp le parking space, errn, directly in fro n t
o f th e house.
Mrs Brow n Oh , so, no front garden?
Esta te age nt Heh , heh, not as such, no.
Mrs Brown Wh at decorative co nd ition is
the ho use in?
Esta te agent !t's idea l for the Dl Y ent hus iast.
A liek o f pai nt cer tai nly wo uldn't go amiss .
Mr Br ow n Is there any bu ilding work that
nee ds do ing?
Esta t e ag en t No. I thi nk jusl th e ro o f is in
nee d of some attent ion. Here's a photo o f
the living ro om.... As you ca n see, it's bee n
taslefully mo dern ized . It was the p revio us
owner 1bel ieve who goi rid of the d raugh ty
old fireplace. And her e's th e kitchen. .. .
Fu ll of character, as you can see.
Mrs Brown The u n its look reaUy old .
Estate age nt A litt le on the old side perh aps.
Idea l for mod ern izin g!
Mr Brown And it's ralhe r sma l!.
Estate age nt Weil, yes, it's not exact ly
enormous. b ut then l like 10 have
everything within easy reach if I' m
stan ding at the coo ker o r the sink, do n't
you?
Mn Brown [doubtfullr] M mm. And is this
t he din in g ro om?
Est ate agent Yes. It's a bit o n the sma ll side,
b ut very cosy.
Mr Brown I don't th ink you could get a very
large dining tab le in there.
Mrs Brown And is it dark?
Estate agent lt isn't the b right est ro om in
the h ouse, certainly, b ut there's a n ice view
from Ihe wi ndow, looking out over th e rear
garde n I thin k we have a photo of th e
garden Yes, here. As you can see, the
garden is very mat ure and well-esta b lished .
Mr s Bro w n Tho se ro ses need pru ni ng.
Mr Brown How much d id you say the h ou se
was o n for?
Esta te ag en t f250,OOO . Not exacdy ch eap ,
I gra nt you, but in view of th e pop ulaTity
o f th e area, a very reaso nable price, I'm
su re you'lI agree.
Tapescript 87
 WorkbookKe
UNIT I
2 have 3 will 4 did 5 didn't 6 did
7 wou ldn 't I didn't 8 had 9 must have I
might bave/ did 10did 11 was I hre
13 could 14will 15 would 16 had
17have 18 Would / Will
2 2 persuaded . .. 10 3 offered to I did offer to
4 hope to 5 used to be 6 expec ted .. . to be
7 forgot to 8 weren't able to
3 2 companic ns 3 allies 4 adcres 5 had a
crush on 6 fancy 7 gossip 8 chaning
9 have a ward with 10 loarhe 1I abhor red
12 despises 13 sniggering 14 giggled
15 chuckled
4 1 Th e aspects which he foun d pmblematic
are 2 end 4.
21 e 2 c3d4 a 5b
1 I T
2 F {She married and then mo ved to Italy.)
3T
4 F (She says she has leam ed to adap t and
not always say whar sbc's think ing, bu t
sbe still finds it very ditficult and feels
she'd be hap p ier in haly.)
4 brawls B
belligerent A
causnc humou r B
banter I
repressed B
slapstick humour I
speak thei r mind A
verbal about their emotions
vulgar hu mour A
yob society B
S I belligerent 2 vulga r 3 banter
4 caustic 5 brawls 6 slapstic k
7 speak their mind 8 yob 9 repressed
5 2 I int.e:resling 2 diff.e:rence 3 libIllry
4 ev.e:rything 5 P.e:rhaps 6 veg.e:tables
7lit.e: racy 8 secretß ry 90<:casiQnally
10 gen.e:ral
3 A Per haps
B differe nce, library, medicine, gene ral
e literature, comfortable, vegetables,
interesti ng, everything, literacy, secretary
o occasionally
4 In British English a syllable is norrnalJy lost
in: irlteresting, difference, everything,
vegetables,secretary, occasionalJy, and
general.
6 1 1 imm igration 2 borders 3 headlines
4 deterre nce 5 the dis plaeed
6 im m igration policies 7 policing
8 asylum pro<:edure 9 bo rde r personnel
10 im prison ment
88 Answer Key
2 I econ omic migrants 2 asylum seekers
3 the disp ossessed 4 human smugg1ers
5 refugees
3 I mix 2 srabiliry 3 identlty 4 support
5 fervour 6 endorsemcnt 7 headache
8 policie s 9 rneasur es 10 statement
11 elecuons 12 diplomacy
7 2 10 Lagairist 4 10 5 10 6 0n 7 to
s as 9at lOo n /about I1 in 1lal
13 again st 14 on 15 with
8 2 quartcr pest three 3 at the weckend
4 from Monday 10Thursday (inclusivel I
from Mo nda y until Th ursday I between
Monday and Thursday 5 write 10 me
6 different from / 10 7 in the team
8 start again 9 named after 10 take away
11 garden at the hack 12 in I for a rravel
agency 13 Go straight on
UNIT 2
1 was talking 2 was known 3 have I shoutd
have 4 wo uld be 5 thought 6 had
7 had ... completed 8 wrote 9 is writing
10 '11 h ang on 11 had .. . read l had ... bcen
readm g 12 hides I hid I had hidden
13 descr ibes l had described 14 read/ was
reading 15 had written
2 I Harry carne into the room and sat down,
exhausted . He had h ad a terrible day at th e
office and had onl y just arrived horne. Mar y
was f wo uld be com lng roun d later end she
wo uld almost ce rta in ly wa n t to go out.
Harry was n't sure he eo uld face that. AI least
he had his holi day to look forward to. By th is
time nexl week he'd be sitt ing on a sun-
drenched beach sipping coc ktai ls ...
2 loh n exp ected 10 get adecent rise be<:a use
he had be en wor kin g l had wo r ked at the
publishing com pa ny for roany years. He knew
he sold more books every year than any ofhis
fellow sales representat ives. Hc'd been selling
books all his life and knew exactly wha t
approa<:h to adopt with every boo kshop he
visited .
3 1 were dis<:overed 2 were found 3 made
4 was exam ining 5 have been 6 h ad been
ripped out 7 had bee n stolen 8 wou ld I
could stop by 9 had aequ ircd 10 wou ld
co-operate 11 fled 12 flew 13 was fo und
14 is now serving 15 stole f had stolen
16 have still not been recovered I st ill haven't
been recovered 17 will not say I won'l say I
hasn't said 18 have had 19 have been
improving I have improved 20 be show n
4I 2
2 caring A, cr itical B, cynical B,
fu nny B, obsessed A, sociallv aware A,
unfunny A, un hap py B
3 1 quite young "~O~"~O~''iiStihnd.cl.iLl'"''
2 happy in someway kindofha ppy
3 he wOllld rejeet them as totaUy stupid
he would nor m ally dismiss fait b bealers
as complele nonsense
4 hefeeisguilty about it I'm ashamed
m.dmil
5 it lies bcneatb thesurface
th js undmurrent ofa dee per
philosoph ieal message
5 1 The weather con ditions bring tears to
myeyes.
2 And try not to notice I've fallen in love.
3 That says something different. And when
was il wra ng
4 The head does its besr, but the heart is
the bcss
2 1 She's crying because she's happy.
2 They are her thoughts.
3 Th at her heart rules her head. In other
wcrds, she prefers to follow her feelings
rarher than dwell on any doubts t hat she
has when she tries to analyse the
situation rati onally.
3 Four
5
On Waterloo bridge, where we sa id o ur
good byes
The wea ther eon ditions br ing tear s to my eyes.
I wi pe thern away with a black wooll y glove
And Iry not to no tk e I've fallen in love.
O n Waterloo b ridge I am tryi ng to thin k:
This is nothing. Ym/ re high on the rhl' rm and the
drink.
But the j uke-box ins ide roe is p laying a song
That says somet hing different. And wh en was it
wrang ?
On Waterloo bridge with the wind in my hair
I am tempt ed to ski p. You'reII fool. I do n't eare .
The head does its best , h ut the heart is the boss -
ladm it it before f m h alfway accoss .
6 1 witt y, pat ronizing 2 bewi lde red, d istrac ted
3 haughty, overbea ring 4 courteous,
consi de rate 5 supportive, <:o nsiderate
6 snobbish, prejudic ed 7 1imid, reserved
7 1 Positive Nega t ive 6 lt's ju st es quick to cyde in l ondo n as it 2 approximate (adjeetive) 1::I'pro kslm::ltl;
assertive aggress ive istodrive. (verb) /a'p roksrm en /
shre wd cun ning 7 We've got just eno ugh time to gel to the 2 artieu/ate (verb ) l o:' tlkj ulcltl;
resolute stubborn airport. (adjeclive) I c.'ukj ulot/
trusting naive We've j ust got eno ugh time to get to rhe 3 delibemte (verb) Idl' ltoo reltl;
selt-assured arrogant airp ort. (adjeetive) I dr'hba rat/
char m ing smarmy 8 I've j ust seen a terri ble accident. 4 intimate ( verb) l 'mt lmeltJ;
frank ncrless 9 He wasn't badly hurt . It was ju st a small (adjective) I' mt rrnJ!/
open-mlnded unprincipled cur. 5 a/ternllte (adject ive) l:d' t3:nJtl;
10 I'm j ust going 10 rhe shops. ls there (verb) I 'o.ltanen /
2 1 aggress ive 2 unp rincip led 3 frank an ythin g you want! 6 associate (no un) 1::I'seOSI::ltl;
4 naive 5 shrewd 6 stubbo rn 11 lu st stop lalking and eat up! (verb) 1:i'SeOsleltJ
7 arrogan t S char ming Sto p talking and just eat up! 7 co-ordiruues (noun) Ikeo ';:,:d mJtsl;
8 2 Iragicill y 3 separate 4 rece iving 12 lt's j ust as easy to wash this jumper by (verb) I keu'ccdmen s/
51ransfeued 6 ma intenance band. 8 gm dullte( nou n) I' g ra:dj uJtI ;
7 dijappcarcd S elfeet 9 principlY 2 2 emphas ls 30nly 4 exactly (verb] I' g ra:dj ueltl
10 unneceggarily 5 rig ht no w 6 equally 7 exactly The stress pat tems is different in 5.
9 1 1 bellow, growl, screech,snap 8 a short time befo re 90nly 6 1 b sho ot up c peak d pick up
2 sigh,whine, yelp 10 righ t now 11 em phasis 12 equally e fluctuare flevel off
3 mun er, wh isper 41 3 2 g rem ain stable h decrease grad ually
4 stammer i plum met j fall slightly k bonom out
2 1 F Her office is described as majestic.
2 1 wh ined 2 slghed
3 bellowed 2 F There are statues rep resenting this 3 1 steadily 2 shc t up 3 peaked 4 levelling
4 scrceched 5 growle d 6 whispered painting in the grounds outside. off 5 substan ual 6 pkked up 7 dropped
7 stammered 8 mu rtered 9 yelped 3T 8 stable 9 down tu rn 10 lnc rease
10 snapped 4 T 4 Sample answer .
10 2 1 ./ 5 F He says that he sho uld have asked The number of students attending dance
2 Burglars broke intu the bouse while this quest ion, but he didn't. cou rses fell slightly in [anuary and then
they were on ho liday. 6 T fluctuated in February and March. Nu mbe rs
3 The bus drew up at the traffic lights. 3 1 spell out 2 blanker words 3 drove up dropped dra matically in April, but bot tomed
4 , ou t at the begin ning of May and rem ained
4 cheekiness 5 parody 6 wit
5 He got caught in the rain and ca me 7 a d iminish ment S em bellish ed stable through May and June. Th ey rose
down with a cold . steadily in July, jevelled off in August and
6 He's not very nice to his teachers. He's 4 In order to emphasize a point . September and th en shot up in Ocrober.
always send ing thern up. Roddick I think they - as, as you reacted They peaked at the end of the month,
7 , to it, wit h a smile.1t has to be about remaining at a hig h level in November,
S I' ve got so much work. l 'm really laughrer, it has 10 be abo ut cheeklness and befo re dropp ing shar ply again in Decemb er.
getting beh ind with it. parody and wit. You know, who says, ~
JlQ book ever written, there's no words by 7 2 j The film is based on a nove! by Jan e
9 She really takes afte r her father.
10 , God or the gods or both, there's 00,
llSllhiIu: in natu re that says the wo rkp laee
Austen .
3 a It may be old and rusty, but I'm very
\ \ 1was taken in by his ap parent ho nesty.
has to be a dim inishm ent of the hum an attac hed to my ear.
spirit. Yo u kno w, th is is where peo ple spend 4 h Bill is emotion ally de tach ed fro m his
UNITl mos t of the ir life, uh working Me, er da ily paren ts. He hard ly ever speaks to the m.
1 1 c 2a 3b 4 e 5d 6 g 7h 8 i 9 ; IOf Me, eigh t hours a day, it's where Ihey 5 e MeDonalds has becom e synonymous
develop their friendships, it's whe re they're with fast food.
2 2 distinctly remember man y times mo re ereat ivc,.l:ld1m thcy're 6 e The employees kepl quiet about the false
3 virtually im possible having their relationships em bellished. acco unting in the company.
4 sincerely hope 71 Youean'tteli heranyt hing.She's
5 eagerl yawait 5 1 Wh cn thc hom ograph is a verb, the final impervio us to criticism.
6 sorely tem pted syllable is given the full vowe! value. Wh en 8 b The working hours in my job are
7 bitterly d isappointed it's a noun or ad jeetive, the final syllab le is ineompatible with family life.
8 accu rately prediet a schwa 1:;1/. The stress is Ihe same for b oth 9 k His disru ptive behaviour al sehool is
9 perfeetly dear form s. ind ieative of a deeper psyehol ogieal
10 highly un likely I est1mllte : noun l'estun :itJ; verb l'estlmClU pr oblem.
1 2 su preme ly 3 virtually 4 perfectly 2 delegates: no un I' de hgJts/; verb I' de hgcltsl 10 f The compa ny iso't liab le for any da mage
5 wild ly 6 sorely 7 de!iberate!y 3 separate: adjee live I' scpJ rJ t/; eaused 10 vehides parked on the
8 infini tely verb I' sep:;lrelll prem ises.
4 moderate: verb I' m od J reltl; II d The teacher is very co nce m ed aboul my
2 1 nard 2 Surely 3 lately 4 most 5 hardly adjec tive Im oo JrJ tJ son's lack of progress.
6 righ t 7 1ate 8 directly 9 easily 10 easy 5 elaborate : verb Il' he b Jreltl; 12 i Mare is totaUy obsessed with foo tb all.
11 rightly 12 Sure, sure . adject ive 1t'la::b::l(::Itl He thinks of nothi ng else.
3 1 2 l ust leave me alone, will you! 6 compliments: verb I 'k om plrment s/; S 1 eakulated risk
3 What's th at no ise? Oh, il's OK.1t's jus t nou n I' k om pltm ::ln tsl da ylight robbery
the cat. 7 doruments: noun I' dokjum:Jnts/; flying visit
4 That pictu re looks j ust righ t on that verb I' do kj umentsl glass ceiling
wall. 8 supplements : noun I'sf\p l:imJ nts/; level playing field
5 It's just starling to rain. Have you got an verb I'sf\pl:ime ntsl lost caust
umbrella? red tape

Answer Key 89
 ull order
teerhing problems
vested int e rest
2 1daylight robbery 2 red tape
3 calculared risk 4 reething problems
5 glass ceiling 6 vested inteTest
7 tall o rder 8 1evrlplaying field
s lost cause 10flyingvisit
UNIT 4
1 1 I apparently 2 wckily 3 Hopefully
4 Incidentally SAetually 6 Presumably
7 Tha nkfully 8 Admi tt edly 9 quite
hon estly 10 Naturally 11 basically
12 surely
2 I Mind you, Admittedly, 2 After alt,
3 As I was saying, Anyway, 4 corne 10
th ink o f it, should I say, S However,
6 I mea n, After all, 7 No doubt
8 All in all, though, Of course, 9 At least
Iü by the way, 11 Cometo thi nk of jt. As
a matter of fact , 12 Anyway,
1 2 wasn't 3 didn't 4 is 5 isn't 6 hasn't
7 has 800es 9 Was IOdo 11 won't
12 shall
) l 1R 2F 3F 4F SR 6F 7R 8 R
9R IOF IIF 12R
2 2 ./ - faDing.
3 } - rising. Should ~ falling.
4 .I - falling.
5 ./ - rising.
6 } - falling. Sho uld be ming.
7 } - faUing. Sho uld be rising.
8 .I - rising.
9 ./ - rising.
10 } - rising. Should be fallin g.
II .I - rising.
12 } - rising. Sho uld be falling.
4 1 1 2,3 2 1,4
2 2e 3 a 4h Sc 6b 7 d 8g
3 Ilhe mind boggles 2 what on earlh
3 it takes all sorts to make a world
4 bump into someone S lost in my own
tho ughts 6 hanker after 7 an end in
itself 8 rub sho ulders with
S 1 I publidled 2 delve 3 photo opportunity
4 soap opera 5 contr ad ictions 6 gossip
7 priv ileged 8 obscss.ed 9 R'~
10 loathe 11 idols 12brutal ity
2 1 h 2 c 3f 4a Se 6d 7 g 8b
6 1 I pale colou r
2 successful att empt, modest I humble
p<nO"
3 rough sca. emt.able I temperamental
p<=n
4 gentle brene,lenient punishment
S excessive amount, extreme politics
6 dose relation, vivid memory
7 h illy I mou ntainou s cou ntr yside,
bu mpy road
8 overcast sky, gu ilty conscience
90 Answer Key
2 I rough zovercast 3 gentle 4 bu mp y
5 hiUy I mountai nous 6 calm 7 dista nt
8 plain 9 vam 10 mod erate
7 2 I have no faith in thi s govemment's
ability to sclve the economic problems.
3 Their attempt to sail are und the workl
ended in failure .
4 Smoking is not permitted here.
S She's a1wa}~ aiticizi ng him.
6 Hopd'uUy he'll get better soon.
7 Luckily. my son doesn't have to go to
school on Saturdays.
8 He was obviomly rode to her o n purpose.
8 2 feel up to 3 standing in for 4 face up to
5 put up with 6 has talked I talked ... o ut of
7 ended I 've ended up with 8 came in far
9 go in for lü pull oo t of l l keep up with
12 look up to
UNIT 5
3 It's hirn that shou ld avoid antago nizing her.
4 \Vhal surprised me was his
uncomprom ising auuuce.
It was his uncom promising atti tude that
surp rised me.
S \ \ 'hat ....,orries me is his heavy drinki ng.
It's his heavy d rinking that worries me.
6 Wh.at she feit dreadful about was leaving
her husband.
It was leaving her hushand that she feit
dreadful about.
7 What she did was divoru hirn.
S \\'hat really annoys me is his bad manners.
11'$ his bad manners that really annoy me.
9 It was last week that he proposed to her.
10 It was Sam and 10 tha t went to Hawaii
o n th eir ho neymoon.
1 2 Rarely does one find a person of such
integrily as Michael.
3 Nothing annoys me more than his surliness.
4 tiltle did he suspect th at she was seeing
anot her man.
5 Never befo re have I been spoken to like that!
6 Not on ly was she rud e, but she was also
mean.
7 No soo ner had he ended the relationsh ip
th an he starte d anot her one.
8 Nowh ere will you find a kinder ma n!
9 Not u nt il she threatened to 1eave hirn did
he realize the eITor of his ways.
10 In no way could her reaction be desoibed
as sympathetic.
) 1 However 2 whichever 3 Whenever
4 Whoever S whatever 6 \'o'herevn
7 wherever 8 However 9 whoever
10 whatever
4 I A Ben's very happy in h is new;ob.
8 !t's Son y he \VOrb for, isn'( i t ~
A No. he ur.cd to \VOrk for Sony. lt'sHitMhi
he works[ar P1OW. He R'ally likes it there.
8 Whllt l'm iPltt'mted in is why he kft 5oPlY/
lr'swhy he kft Sonr fhll f l'm iPlft'mu d iPl.
I thou ght he R'ally liked his job there.
A Whllt heliktd wasthe pllyt lt wasthepIly
he liked, but the ho urs weR' very long.
2 C You don't love me any mor e!
D 1do WW: 1011, honestly.
C No. you do n't. Whllt I ulllly hate is the
war 1014 j usf dePlY everythiPlgl lt's the war
1014 just deny everything thllf I ulllly MU.
D Bur(the rttlSOPI) whr t da thllt ls becllU~
1014 makt such outragwus Ilccu~tjOPlS!
] E Oid you seethe accidem!
F Y~ WMt hnp~ned was the bLuk CIlr
diJn'f stop nt the lights.
E AR' you absolutely certain! 1thoughl it
was ehe driver o[ the whirt Cllr who was
to blllme.
F No. it was definitdy the blllrk cer fhnf
CIlused the Meiden r. Whnf surpristd PIle
was that he didPl't stop; The lights were
dearly red.
S 1 I He was o n a walking hoJiday.
2 The walking trails.
3 Every day lt's the same, but a litt le
different .
-t On the spot tthere and th en ).
5 Perhaps hlsscience backg-ound helped.
2 a' bM cM d) eM
] I the mo unt ains in Provence
2 the walking tr ails
3 the way the snowlin e adva nces and
rectdes in the winter and the way the
nowers cover the mountainside in spri ng
4 lup and Remi when ther reached the
village
S Rl!mi
6 the ma n Martine's friends thought dle
wou ldmarry
6 1 4f 5d 6e 7i 8h 9g 101
II j la l3 n 14 0 15 m
7 1 Heading Letter Reply
1fancy my friend J B
Sho uld I reveal he's a cheat? I C
He n ever takes me out 2 A
2 I ind igna nt 2 un attractive 3 infatualed
4 fond 5 committed 6 passionate
7 crushed 8 faithful
8 Across 2 10w someone to bits 3 gr ief
4 get away with S tricky 6 fancy
7 unatta ched 8 reciproca te 9 nirt
10 0ve rt ure 11 marri age counscllor
12 males l3 pass the time of day
14 turn a blind eye 15 cheat on
16 make a move 17 affair
18 move on to p<lSturtS new
Down I beh ind dor.cd doors
9 2 fear 3 anxiety 4 asto nishment
5 commitment 6 consideration 7 deceit I
deception 8 devotion 9 disloyalty
10 faith l faJthfu lness l fidelily 11 gratitude
12 indignatio n 13 infa tuat ion 14 pride
15 ro mance I romanticism 16 suspicion
10 I fo r 2in 3 to 4in S at 6 0f 7 for 8 to
9at 10 0f
11 I slam med 2 squeaking 3 roared
4 rumbling S creaked 6 scratch ing
7 rattled 8 bu zzing
 Metapho rical mea n ing from Bird's claws will help convict the 6 1 I ourcome 2 upkeep 3 spin-off
9 roar 10 buzzing 11 slarnmed suspecte d killers. 4 ourput 5 baddash 6 setback
12 ranled 13 crea king 14 squeaked 7 check-up 8 drawback 9 down pour
) 3 Tb e ou tloo k fo r to mo rrow' s weath er
15 rumbled 16 scra tching 10 breakth rough 11 upshol 12 shake-up
appears to be good,
12 1 4 lt ap pea rs (that ) To m has been expelled 21 c lf h 4 e 5 b 6d
Slarting Fin ishing fro m his school.
a rd atio nsh ip a relationship 5 lt seems (that) she's en}oying life now th ai 7 2 pain / pains j terms s term

the trial is over, .. expe rienC('I eaperiences 5 good I goods

uk sb o ut break sth off
6 The ousted dictator seemed to have left the 61engths / len gth 7 ground I grou nds
chal sb up get over sh j sth
co untry. 8 damage I damages
fall for sb go off sb
get o ff with sb pack sb in 7 It seemed Ith at] the spokesman was 8 1 rip •.. o ff 2 so ld out 3 get together
pick sb up split up with sb avoiding the journalist's questions. 4 crack down 5 wnte off 6 broke o ut
ru n after sb walk o ut on sb 8 The gang wou ld appear to have been 7 seil-out 8 crack-down s outbreak
arrested by the police. 10 get -togeiher 11 rip-off 12 write-off
2 2 walked o ut on 3 broken off 9 Their ma rriage appears to have broken up .
4 get over 5 ch atti ng up 6 gtl off with 10 It would appear (thatl the athl ete has failed 9 1 2 d ins and outs
7 packed ... in 8 picking up the dru gs test.
3 a glve and take
9 fallen for 10 gone off 4 ( wheding and dealin g
4 1 1 Mobil e phon e 2 lands 3 newspaper 5 e touch and go
Endq uotes on lcve
2 l g 2 h 3e 4d 5a 6h 7 f 8c 6 c pat t and pa rcel
ld 2f 3 h 4 a Sb 6g 7e 8c
3 Story 1 7 j by and large
1 F He was a novice. 8 i as and when
UNIT6 9 h fiesr and Ioremost
, T
2 He ls said 10 have su ffered from recurneg 3T 10 I far and wide
nig htmares after wo rkin g in Vietnam. 4 F They called 10 see if he wenred 10 11 k lo ud and clear
3 'the new preside nt is said 10 be a moderate. buy any more rninutes, as his pay-as- 12 g now and again
4 He is kno wn to have been I was known 10 1Ou-go credit had run out . 13 n hit and miss
be an acüve trade uniortist when he was 5 F They pho ned hirn to keep his 14 p live and leam
young. spirits up. 15 r wait and see
5 The rain ts exp«ttd to die o ut this Story 2 16 m p ick and cboose
afternoon. 17 0 rant ilnd rave
1 He was taking part in .I gliding co ntest.
6 The escaptd prisoner is reporltd to be 18 q chop and cbange
2 He wasbegi nni ng to lose a1titude.
heading for Scotland.
3 B«.ause he'd landed nOI in .I nei d hu l on 2 I touch and go 2 chopping and changing
7 She is supposed to have an income o( over
th e crickct pitch at th e royal palace at 3 By and large 4 live and kam
1 100,000.
Balmo ral. 5 give and take 6 10ud and dea r
8 Th r~ propIe art' believtd to have b«n
4 Sh<,'d been very inlerested in the 7 rantin g and ravin g 8 as and wben
killtd in an avalanche.
proc«dings and was g1ad that th e pilo t 9 part and parc:d 10 first and fo remost
9 Th ey we re prnumtd to be skiing l Th ey are
was uninjured.
pr esumtd 10ha ve been skiin g in Ihe art'a
when the avalanche starttd. Stor\' 3 UNITl
10 Th e rival factions are thought to be headin g Arnount of Reasonfof Why was he I she
for an agreement on the disput td territory. , 1 2 should get I should be g<,tting
compensation compensation pi-rtlyto blame1
3 mu st have been
1 Sampie answers St~lIa~~k 4 sho uld have heen
A teenage girl ha s heen hailed a hero after she $2.9 million She wal bumt by $he hadspilt the 5 must have forgotten
jumptd into a eanal to $ave a child's life. Kate scaldi nGcoffee coffeeherself 6 can 't have (orgo tten I won 't have
MiIIs, three, fell inta the canal while slrapptd Garl Trumn forgo nen
into her pu shchair. The incident was see n by $7-4,000 His har.d was He was trying to 7 '11 have been I must have bee n
several passers-hy frorn the tow-path, b ut il run over by a stealthe t.Jbc:aps 8 '11 have I mu st have
was the gir! who leapt into th<, wal<'T and neighbou"s Coir from the wheels 9 '11 be dr iving l mU$t be dr ivin g
draggtd the buggy to th e surface. Kate and the
girl were pulled frorn the water by a passi ng
Am'" ""'"
$nlOOO She slipped ona She hadthr(Wlfl
10 '11 be I must be
2 1 mUSI be I must have been
fireman and laken to h05pit.a.l byambulance. ~lt soft drri: thedrink CM'f
2 an't have got
Th ey were bo th dischargtd after abrief
check -up. The girl, who Ieft.th<'hosp itill
without revnl.ing her name, hu not yd becn
"" """""'"
5 2 Two.,..elderly..,Ameriea ns.Jtave u avelled
3 must have b«n spending
.. lIbe /muslbe
5 11gt1 1should gt1
iden tified b ut sbe is bdieved byIocals to be to Scotland to meet the desce nd an ts.,..o(
fro m o utside th<'area. the fish ermen who pulled them.,.put."..of 1 2 have thought ' think 3 not have forgouen
thv t lan tic seventy yearvgo. Janet ltt .. give 5 havt' planned l be planning
A heroic cocka too that was killed lasl month Hutch inson . n , anU<,r sisler, Kathryn , 78. 6 have bee n ro n over 7 have frigh tened
as it tried to defend its own er may not have wer<, siI....and....tight when th eir pa rents' 8 be hidin g l have hidden 9 be ahle to 10 be
died in Vil in . It's daimed tha t ' Bird', who was plan e eame down..,.offGrttnlandJn 193 2. 11 befeedi ng 12be I3be /have b«n
na mtd afte r the basketball pla}"« la rry Bird , In da nger....ofhttzing.",.and without any 14 1><' havin g 15 1:1<' 16 hav e bo ught
ma y provide vital <'Vidence in a murder trial food"..aVU, they wo uldJtave died had,Jt
Wh en Bird's own<'r, Kevin Butler, was f. laUy ) I do ... havelO /do ... need to
not been for th e CffW....of the Lord Talbot,
allacked al his horne in Texas. th<' cock atoo neron't I do n't need to
who negot iatedJee f1 0es to reaeh them.
(ought back. Bird man age<! to wound Ihe two mu st I hav<, to l need 10
' They gav<'vus the ch ance to have th e r est...,
assailants before bei ng sta bb ed to death with 2 m ust
o(..ou r Jives', said Kathryn.
a fmk. Now it's hoped that DNA scr aped had to

Answer Key 91
 3 mustl have te, need to I must
4 mustn't
5 having to
6 to have to
7 'd have to
8 needn't I don't have to
9 have to I need to
10 need n't have
II need n'r have
12 don't have 10 I don't need 10
4 1 Ibmusl 2c must 3a must
4 f should 5 d shouldn't 60.' sho uld
7 i'lI 8 gwill ... will 9h 'lI
10 I can'r II j can't 12 k can
13 n might 14m might 150 might
2 I You can't be serious! 2 I migh t have
guess ed 3 You might weil ask.
4 I must say, 5 you'll see.
2 6 it's a must. 7 I should n't wo nder
8 you can say thai again l 9 I must say,
10 You must be joking!
S 2 F He fears that if she's silly, stubbc m
and moody, she woo 't make him happy.
2T
3 F He doesn't wanr Lizzv ro marry
Mr Collios.
1 2line 4 3 linel4 41ine 21 5linel7
6 1ine36 7 line42 81ine46 9line61
10 line 62
4 I I'1I ma ko.' Lizzy see sense - yo u can be
sure of that.
2 [She] doesn't know what's good for her
3 if she does have such a problem with
mo odiness
4 we' lI sort it OUI wilh her in no time at all
5 We're all going frantie
6 I'm afraid I really do n't follow you
7 And what am I supposed to do aboul il?
8 I'lllell her whallthink.
9 You've now got a ver y difficult choiee 10
rn,i«
10 yo u'lI have to break off your relatio nship
wit h one of your parents
5 1 I do n't know if
2 it wou ld be better
3 Wha l are you talking abou!?
4 Isn't th at so I right?
6 2 a Where ß!] he have go I to r
b Where can he have got to?
3 b I coul d hwlly walk horn e.
a l could hardly ~ horne.
4 a You.l:2.l.ll.d d ose th e door.
b You could dose the Wmr.
5 bDoyou~workall evening?
a 00 yo u have to wo rk lI.Ü evening?
6 b You.l:2.l.ll.d have hit hirn.
a You could have hil hirn .
7 I delivery room 2 addiCled 3 ab use
4 dutch 5 sigh 6 veer 7 weep 8 fieree
9 nappy 10 co ntradict II snowbo und
12 astounded 13 0intm ent
92 Answer Key
8 ä outspok en j overwhelming 4 up hill
5 backdated 6 background z
overg rown
8 downright 9 u ed erground 10 upbear
11 ou tgoln g 12 underhand
9 2 wit h doesn'r she feel at ease wlth
3 of is the dove a symbol of
4 of didhedreamof becomingone day
5 of depart ment is he in cha rge of
6 of is he in need of
7 with did she have a good relationsh ip wirh
8 in did they invest their money in
9 of did he take advantage of
10 fo r of his pai ntings is he farnaus for
End q uo les
1 Better late than never,
2 Drink is the curse of the working dasses.
3 Time flies when you're having fun.
UNIT 8
3 would 4 'd be 1'11 be 5 didn't l don't
6 & 7 'd like to have turned dow n I 'd have
liked to tu rn down 8 would 9 understood
10 were I are 11 ever seil I 've ever sold
12 hadn't sat down 13 was 14 was
15 hadn't ad mired 16 called 17 said
18 wouldn't believe 19 went 20 won't last
2 1 're enjoying 22 won 't be
23 weregoing/ went 24 'd be
2 2 If only Wo.' liked modern art.
3 1wish I were I was en joying th is book.
4 lf only she'd been able to find her wallet.
5 lf onl y I hadn't been made redundan t.
6 I wish I hadn't smoked so much when I
was young.
7 If ool y he'd apologize for his rudeness.
8 She wishes she hadn't left befor e I arrived.
9 If on ly I'd not iced the 'Lo w Bridge' sign.
1 2 would - past habit
3 had
4 wo uld - eo nditional
5 had
6 would - cooditional
7 wo uld - past habit
8 woul d - futu re in the past
4 2 If Jane were n't I wasn't a very reliable
journalist. she would n't have been
promoted to desk editor.
3 If I weren'l / was n't afraid of tra velling by
air, I wo uldn't have had to go to ltaly by
trai n.
4 Justin wouldn 't be broke if he hadn't spent
a11 his mo ney on a painting.
5 If she kne w anything I something about
first aid , she co uld have helped hirn.
6 If I'd looked after my teeth , I wou ldn 't have
false ones now .
7 Ifl had a fax machine , I could have sent the
docu ment last night.
8 [f you weren't so gull ible, you wouldn't
have believed all th e lies he told you.
5 1 1A 2 B 3 B 4 A
1 I T
2 T
3 F The background is deep red.
4 F He uses sand. The paint is so thick it's
almost like lava.
5 F Th e exhibit ion was in Lo ndon .
6 T
3 1 packed with 2 reso nates with us
3 works out at 4 glitt ering 5 meditative
6 composition 7 associate 8 ma kes me
th ink of 9 value and the pre cariousness
6 2 I'd go / l'd be go ing if it weren't / wasn'l
raining.
3 If he hadn't insulted me, I wouldn't have left.
4 If you'd eaten, you wouldn't be hungry now.
5 If I liked plants, I'd have bought one.
6 If the weather'd improved, we'd be able to
go ou t.
7 IfI'd be en free, l 'd have helped.
8 He wouldn 't have been angry if she 'd
phoned.
9 I would n't have ru ng rhe po lice if I hadn't
been rerrifi ed .
10 If shc'd been offe red rhe job, she wouldn't
beupser.
II She'd have conracted you if there'd been
any problems .
12 IfI'd been on time, he wou ldn' t baveleft
wirheut me.
7 I g 2 c 3 d 4f s b eh 7 1 8 j 9 0.'
lOa 11 k 12 i
81 l e eye 2e leg 3 g neek 4i foot
5 a ehest 6 d ear 7 f faCe 8 j finger
9 h ton gue 10 b shoulder
2 I putting a brave face on il
2 keep an eye on
3 giving me t he cold shoulder
4 play it byear
5 pullin g your leg
6 pul yo ur foot in il
7 get it off your chest
8 pain in the nec k
9 put my finger o n it
10 on the tip of my ton gue
9 I crush 2 snaps I breaks. 3 cracked
4 break 5 shatter 6 bursl 7 splinter
8 cracked /broke I snapped 9 burst
10 broke 11 shattered 12 cr ush
13 snapped 14 splinter
10 1 1 h 2f 3 c 4 0.' 5 a 6g 7 d 8b
2 I stand by 2 assau lting 3 worn me
ou t! / exhausted me! 4 aboli sh
5 resta re 6 Stick up for yo urself!
7 surrende red 8 told me off
UNIT 9
1 1 2 She avoid s gett ing into argumen ts with
her boss.
3 He gave up smoking in 1998.
4 Did you m anage 10 arriv e on time
desp ite
the t raffie?
5 The min ister admittoo making / having
mad e am islake.
6 She encou raged me to apply fOT the job.
7 He suggested goin g out for a meaL
8 Dave regrets losin g I hav ing lost his
temper.
 9 I apolo gized for not phoni ng ! l
apologized for not having phoned.
10 Dad refused ro let Kate go to the music
festival.
11 She ag reed to lend me ilOO.
12 He prom ised to do better.
1 2 to use 3 being kep tJ to be kept
4 emigrating 5 to be insulted Zbeing
insulted 6 convincing 7 to call
8 to be allowed 9 to swim / swim
10 to feel Illying 12 being told off
2 I couldn'r help wondertog if I was dreaming
He said he wanted u s to join in t he
celebratlons
and so wo uld let us have the wbole day off
school.
We were keen to welcome the people arriving
from the east .
At first the border gua rds attem pted to
conreo! the 80w of cars
After a wh ile they didn't prevent people
(fro m) climbin g the Wall either.
and we all carried on dan cing.
and suggested th at we kn c ck ch unks of
concrete off the wall.
I remernber wavlng to the East German
guards
Only yesterday Ihey woul d have bee o
ordered to sh oot us!
) 2 to forget, soak ing 3 maki ng, to ma ke
4 seeing, to eall 5 readi ng, to rain
6 wr it ing, to ma ke 7 (to) find, lau ghing
8 taking, to ma ke 9 cooki ng, to w ok
10 to inform, buyi ng
4 1 tu rn , go 2 having 3 reading
4 coming 5 pou nd ing
S2a Ca therine of Arag on
b Jane Seymour
c Cat herine Part
3 1 divoreed 2 behea ded 3 divoreed
4 survived 5 extravagan t 6 Dissolution
7 deslroyed
4 1 Incorrecr: Henry ea me to the throne in
about 1550. Co rrec t 1509.
2 Tncorrect: beheaded, divorced,d ied,
beheaded, divorced, survived .
Cor rect: divorced, beheaded,dicd,
divoreed, beheaded, survi ved.
3 Ineorreet: Anne Boleyn was ... the fiT5t.
Cor reet: Anne Boleyn was the second wife.
4 Inenrrec!: noneofhis marriages lasud
very long. Co rr ect: Henry's first marriage
10 Cather ine of Aragon lasled twenty-
fouryears.
S Ineo rreet: Hen ry had two ch ildren.
Correet: three ehildren.
5 I renow nw 2 eertainly lived it up
3 reeall 4 sequeoce 5 ha ndy
6 splitting with 7 set fire to
6 1 a bflln and been
b First the waite r says bflln and th en the
wo man says been.
2 a whine and wine
b wh ine
3 verbs
7 1 2 atta ck 3 con quer 4 de molition
5 deploy 6 destruetio n 7 lnva de
8 sinking 9 storm 10 revolut ion I revolt
II thre aren 12wound !wound ing
2 I sinking! destruction 2 Storrning,
Revolut ion 3 was .. . destroyed
4 wo und S anacked 6 invaded
7 threar 8 was assassinated 9 dep loy
10 sank/was su nk
8 1 1conquered 2 deposed 3 decline
4 collapse 5 establishme nt
6 characterlzed 7 flowe ring
2 8 corrup tion 9 deca des 10 mo vemen t
11 era 12 advent 13 crisis 14 riva lry
15 Pact
9 1 1 accuse sb oflying 2 charge sb for a meal
3 congratula te sb on win nin g
4 dea l with an issue S force sb into
resignin8 6 involve sb in a scheme
7 hold sth against sb 8 shout at sb angrily
9 subj ect sb to an ordea l 10 warn sb
about a dange r
2 2 be accused of 3 be dea lt with
4 to be ! get involved in 5 be charged for
6 be forced into 7 be congratulated on
8 subjected to 9 've bee n warned abou !
10 be held against
10 I sheet 2 safe 3 bone 4 hard 5 flat
6 gold 7 old bo ots 8 regular
9 clear 10 fea ther
11 I the wind 2 tish 3 cat aod dog
4 glove S ieaf 6 ho rse 7 sieve
8 chimney 9 10g 10 dirt
UNIT 10
With some possible alternatives for the
ineorrect adverh-adjeeti ve co mbinatio ns:
I very unfo rtunate
2 utt erly lucky (lucky is a grad able adjective):
ver y / extremely
3 rathe r terrifying (terrify ing is an extreme
adjective): ab solutely I quile {utt erly
4 deeply disap pointed
5 very amazing (amazing is a limit adjee tive):
quite I utterly {sirnply! absolu tely
6 iocre d ibly fast
7 extreme ly low
8 com pletely small (small is a gradab le
adjeClive): reaUy/ extremely / very
9 absolute ly frigh tening (frightening is a lim it
adj ective): very I ext remely {ter r ibly
10 ext remelydifficult
11 qui te signifieant (quite can be used with
significant, a lim it adjective, bu t in the
conteu it is not strong enough. ): reaUy /
"'1'
12 enti rely astonis hing (impossible
eolloeation ): absolutely {simply I utterly
13 utt erlyexhausted
14 sim ply wonderfu l
15 quite satisfying (quite ean be used with
satisfying, a lim it adj ective, bu t in the
com e.'d it is no t st rong eno ugh.):
ext remely I very ! ter ribly
2 1 I senously 2 stro og ly (thoroughly would
also be possible) 3 freely 4 entirely
S sinee rely 6 tho roughly
2 7 greaUy (jiJlly, entire1y, really wo uld also
be possible )
8 ent irely (relllly would also be possible)
9 fully (entirely would also bc possible )
10 dee ply
I I sincerely(really would also be possible)
I2 really
3 2 a Frankly, I can't an swer that question.
b I can't answer that questlo n fran kly.
3 a Ob vio usly he reaJized tha t she wasn't
weil. {He obviously realized that she
wasn't well.
b He realized th at she ob viously was n't
weil.
4 a Very sensiblv,he discussed the design
with her.
b He dis cussed the design very sensib ly
with her. ! He discussed the design with
her very sensib ly,
5 a H önestly, I don't think she can an swer
you r questions.j l don't ho nestly think
she can answe r your questio ns.
b I don't think she can answer you r
questions hon estly.
6 a I only saw h im yesterda y at the gym . {
I saw hirn yesterday on ly at thc gym.
b I saw hirn only yesterday at the gym .
7 a Actually, he told her what he thought
of her. ! He aClually told her wha t he
rhought oEher.
b He told her what he act ually tho ught of
her.
8 a She agreed to speak to h irn kindl y.
b She kindly agreed to speak to him .
9 a l'rn qui te su re hc's clever.
b l' m sure he's qu ite clever.
10 a They wellknewhewasabletocook .
b They knew he was able to cook weiL
4 1 1 lacks d ram a and exciteme nt
2 have trouble filming the ball in motion
3 applaud when the ball is hit
4 The on ly interestin g bit is
S used to dis like snooker but no w likes it
6 snooker players are incred ibly skilful
7 he co ncentrated on getting the ball into
the poc ket
8 simita r to chess
2 I leavcs me eompletely cold 2 agonizing
... delibera !ing 3 cornpletely farcieal
4 fatho m 5 cause for celebration
6 switch off 7 physical agility 8 finally
dawned onrne 9 atallorder 10akin to
S 1 frisked 2 scrate hed 3 winking
4 clap ped 5 nudged 6 squeezed
7 shoving 8 hugged 9 spi t 10 p inch
1I m unehing 12 ru bbed
6 1 2 march 3 sway 4 hop 5 stroll
6 tiplOe 7 crawl 8 1imp 9 stum ble
10 sprin t
2 I lim p 2 tiptoei ng 3 crawling
4 stumbleJ 5 marched 6 hop 7 swayeJ
8 erept
Answer Key 93
 7 weak - Lim it - Ext rem e 1 - Extreme 2
irritated - angry - furious -livid
significa nt - important - crucial -. vital
content - happy - de fighted - ecstatic
pretty - beautiful - gorgeous - stunning
sizeable - big - enormous - gigantic
chilly -. co ld - freezing - perishing
am uslng - funny - hilarious - hysrer ical
app rehensive - frightened- remfied- pe trificd
sleepy -, nr ed - sha ttered - exhausted
fed up - sad - inco nsola ble-. grief-stricken
8 1 crecial gigantic ecsretic perlshing
3 'Were you angry?'
" was furio us!' or '1was l ivid!'
2 'Are you ha ppy!'
Tm absolurely del ighted.' or
Tm absolutely ecs tatic.'
3 ' Is it a big ho use?'
'It's ea crmous! ' or 'It's he get'
4 'Is it an importaot documerut'
' Ir's vita l!' or ' Ir's er ucia l!'
5 'Are you cold? '
T m freezing! ' or Tm p erls hlng!'
6 ' D a you think she's prettyl'
'Yes, she 's gorgeous!' or
' Yes, she 's st un ning! '
7 'Are YOli tiredt
Tm sh atte red !' or Tm ellh a usted! '
8 'Was James a bit sad?'
' H e was gr ief-stricken!' or
'He was inconsolable!'
9 'Were you frightened?'
' I was petrified!' or 'I was terrified! '
9 1 1 imp rov ing (break up )
2 ending (set off)
3 solving (wea r ou l)
4 reduci ng (get dow n)
2 1 brush IIp 2 Turn down 3 wo rked OU[
4 do up 5 logged off 6 cool do wn
7 cut down 8 call off 9 find ou t
10 cut off Il loo king up 12 broke ofT
13 sorl out 14 figure oU[ /work out
15 Cheer up
UNIT 11
1 1 2ND 3D 4NO 5 0 6ND 7 0
80 9B IOD
2 Id Theeomputer (which /that ltheyuse
to caleulale weather patterns has
m alfunetioned.OR
The computer, which they use to
caleu late weather patterns, has
malfunctioned.
2g My teenage childnm, who don't even
know who Michelangela was, are
coming with us on a trip to Italy.
3j I'd Iikeyo u to meet someone (who)
I've been meaning to int roduce you
to for ages.
4f Computers, which have become much
mo re powerful and reliable in the last
15 years, have revolutio nized
communicalions.
94 Answer Key
51,' I can remember a time when foreign
travel was exclusively fo r thc wealthy.
6c My yo unger brot her, who has a bizarre
sense ofhumcur, gave me a wig for
C hristmas.
7a T he people whose ca r was stolen had to
take the train home.
gb Would you like tu warch rhe video
[which / that} I made on my last
holidayi
9h 1 don't like travel brochures which / that
often make ext ravagant claims about
holiday resorts. OR
1don't Iiketravel brochures, which
often make extravagant clairns about
holiday resorts.
lOi The island (which / that ) l 'd m ost like
to visit is Mada gascar,
1 1 Th e island of Malta, wh ich ls situated south
of Sicily and which used to be a British
colony, gained its lndependence in 1964.
2 Aman (who /that)Iwastalltingto
recently told me a joke, which was very
fu nny, but which I've unfo rtunately
forgotten.
3 The Inui t, who we used to call 'Eskimos',
are an aneient people.
4 Pete, the guy whose ca r ' borrowed last
week, is visiting his m um , who's ill.
5 You need a pass po rt for the countries to
wh ich you 're t ravelling.
1 My husband and I have just had a holiday
which your agency o rganized and which I feet
1 must eom plain about. When we arrived. at
the airport. the tour guide who was supposed
to take us to the hotel wasn 't there. \VI,' had to
take ataxi, whieh (Ost a lo t of money.
In the brochure which you sent us \Wo
months ago, it said t hat our ho tel was 'a stone's
throw from a golde n beach fringed by coco nut
pa lms: wh ich wasn 't true. In fact it was th ree
miles from the wast, and the 'beach: whe re wc
went on our first day. wasn't sandy at a11, bu t
roc ky and muddy. As if that wasn't bad
enough, to get to the beach you had to cross a
mOlorway which was full of speed.ing traffie!
As for the hotel, which you said had 'all
m odern conveniences', it was di rty an d old.
When we came to see you, you to ld us abo ut
the wo nderful food, which you p romised us
would be of an internationally hig h standard.
In fact di nner, which they d idn 't serve u ntil
10 (when eve ryo ne was wanting to go 10 be<l),
was the same every night. I feel your
com pany, whose motto is '\VI,' aim to please:
owes us an apology and arefund . Five
hu nd red pounds. which is half th e cast of the
holid ay, wou ld be an acceptable amount.
42 Viewed from this angle, the diffs look very
tall.
3 He got run over crossing the road.
4 I walked dov,"T1 th e road hu m mi ng 10 myself.
5 Weat her pe rmitting, we ca n go on a tou r of
the island tomorrow.
6 Having ea ten earlier, she wasn't h ung ry.
7 Living neu the sea, I get plenty of
opportunities to go swimming.
8 Having visited Zanzibar, I flew on to the
Seychelles.
9 Rejected by his peers and lacking in
confidence, David would cer tainly benefit
from a change of school.
10 She spil t wine on her dress, complerely
ruining it.
S 1 1 parking 2 Taken sletr 4 bor rowed
S requiring 6 swimming 7 trave1ling
8 applied 9 delivered 10 paying
6 2 He read a book wh ile eating hls supper./
Wh ile eat ing his supper, he read a bo ok.
3 By investing wisely, he made a lot of m oney./
He made a lot of money by invesring wisely.
4 Since coming to live in the cou nt rya few
years ago, I now realize how m uch I hared
living in tuwn.
5 After / On graduating from university, he
went off to work in Austra lia.
6 Whe n going abroad, it is advisable to take
o ut travel lnsc rance.
7 I came across a wonderful book while
b rowsing in ou r loea l bookshop.
While browsing in our loca l bookshop, I
came across a wonderful book.
8 By working hard , I managed to pass all my
exams. / I managed 10 pass all my exams by
working harcl.
9 When opening a tin, be careful not to cut
yourself.
10 On / Afte r hea ring the weather forecast, we
de.::ided not to go camping in the
moun tains.
7 1 3, 10. 5, 1, 6, 8, 2, 7, 4, 9
1 I T
2 F News of it having been dimbed
reached Lo ndo n on thai day.
3 T
4T
S F James said it's the best jo b in the wo rld
and that if he was really seri ous ahout it
he should give up his job as a geologist
immediately.
6 T
7 T
8 F They've remained the very best of
frie nds .
1 Ib 21,' 3g 4f Sc 6a 7d
8 I ... colony, desolate, dialeet, seasonal
temperate
2 ••• depressio n, eruption, exotic,
exp lore r, volcanic
3 ••• • ag rieulture, isolated, sit uated,
supermarkel
4 •••• autonoma us, commu nily, economy.
inhabi tant, magnificent
S •••• economic, independence,
population, unemployment
9 Today was extremely ho t and hum id. This
moming lieft the hotel at te n an d ventured
into noisy,crowded,downtown Kyoto.
I headed. for Shisen-do, atemplI,' th at a
friend of mine said I shouldn't m iss. A1though
I was wearing light, cool,cotton dothing
I was already sweating after twenty minutes .
So when I reached the temple and walked
 in I was struck by the da r k, peeceful interior.
Shisen-do is a beaut iful, old, wooden temple
builr wlth great simplicity and grace,
surrounded by tall, ancient maple trees and
ocerlooklng a large. deep pond with moss -
covered rocks. There is always the sound of
running water in Iapanese temples and to
the left of the pond was a fountain with a
long, bleck, bamboo tube which tipped
backwards when it was full of watet, making
a soft knocking sound on the sto ne beneath.
While I was sitting cross-legged on the tatami
rnat, looking out at the garden, I got into
conversation with an in ter est ing youn g man
wearing a bille cott on robe . He told me he
came there to meditate every da y. I could see
why. when l Ieft, I experienced an lncredible
sense of calm and well-being, and as I sat
having a lcn g.cotd drink in a lovely little
cafe not far away, I reallzed that I hedn't
feit like that in a very long time.
10 1 cliffs 2 Red 3 waterfall 4 Bay
5 Canyon 6 peak 7 pen insula
8 Estuary 9 Delta 10 Plains
11 2 dazzie 3 glow 4 f1ares 5 flash
6 shine 7 sparkling l sparkle 8 f1icker
9 glowing 10 shines 11 flashes
12 twinkling 13 flared 14 dazzied
15flicker 16 sparkle
11 1 1 at 20n 3in 4 by
2 1 at your disposal 2 by cha nce
3 in common 4 at full speed
5 on duty 6 on a knife-edge 7 in tears
8 at regular intervals 9 By the look of
things 10 in advance 11 by heart
12 on show
UNIT 12
1 Even though 2 owing to 3 so th at
4 in such a way that 5 Having la ng had
6 Asa result, 7 As soon as 8 alt hough
9 Be<:ause of 10 as lang as 11 Consequentiy
12 so as notto 13 no ma tter
2 2 Muc h as J ad mire her, I find her difficult to
get on with.
3 Despi te leaving / Despite the fact that he
left school without any qualifications, he's
now one of the richest poople in the world .
4 Although J don't believe in mirades, his
recovery seems to defy medical explanation.
5 My grandfather can describe in great detail
event s that took place fifty years ago.
However, he often can't remember what he
had for breakfast.
6 A foot of snow feU overnight. Neverthele.%,
the tra ins were still run ning.
7 There were four key players missing from
the team. All the same, they managed to
draw the match.
8 The painting will definitely increase in
value. On the other hand, you might
consider seHing it now if you need the
money.
9 Whereas Kate was offered a pJace at
un iversity immediateIy, Martin was rejected
and is pJanning to go abroad. / Kate was
offered a place at university irnmediately, 3 I liked the~, but the ililln.i:: was 1m.QI.
whereas Martin was rejected and is 4 I told fmI.
planning to go abroad. 5 I t2ld you.
10 Even though his watch cost a fortune, it's 6 Jtold her.
very inaccurate. 7 Jfl get rhe job .
8 NottM Robbie Willia rns!
3 'Why did you tread cn his toet'
9 J thoughl$2lid paid it!
' I dtdn't mean to!'
10 lr doesn't matter ~ pays it as long as
2 'Your boors are all muddyl '
~ofusdoes.
' I've been wo rking in the ga-den.'
11 I wSlUldn'tgive it to aro'QlK.
3 She arrived late for the meeting.
12 I didn'r gM; it to hirn. He bm!ghI it from
4 I wish you'd j us t be quiet for a moment!
rne.
I j us t wish you'd be quier for amoment!
I wlsh you'd be qu iet for just amoment! 6 1 antique 2 ancient 3 cur rent
5 Do n't forget to phone m um, will you? 4 up-to-date 5 biased 6 bigoted
6 Nevee have I eaten so much in one day! 7 impartial g open-rmn ded 9 impeccable
7 Only when he collapsed did I realize he 10 immaculate II flawed 12 faulty
was seriously m. 13 petty 14 t rivial 15 urgent 16 vital
8 It ha s b een alle ged that he had an affair.
He has been alleged rc have had an affair.
7 Acr05S 1 modemity 2 unrelia ble
3 everlasting 4 abstract 5 inaccurate
9 There are expected to be 300 people at the
6 urban 7 calendar B phenomena
receprton.
9 patience 10 punctuality II frenetic
300 people ar e expe cted to be at the
reception. Dow n 1 measurement
10 0 0 you th ink we'lI be able to trave! to 8 1 sarted ... out 2 fell back 3 catch up with
ot her planets by the end of the century? 4 slOod up for 5 Pick ... up 6 covered up
11 It's ten o'dock, so I think Jo will b e
7 pinned ... down 8 see through
arrivin g in Hang Kong at the momen t. 9 picked up 10 fall back
12 If you were taller you could reach the shelf. 11 pinned .. . down 12 Stand up for
13 1 wish you'd come with me 10 London. 13sort . .. out 14coverup 15seethrough
14 I'd rather you di d it yourself. 16catchupwith
15 I regrett ed sh outin g at hirn as he was reaUy
upset. 91 l b 2k 3d 4j S e 6g 7c Bf
9a 10 1 11 h 12i
J6 I'm no t used to writing with my Jeft hand.
!t's rea lly d ifficuh. 2 1 behind the times 2 many a time
17 I fulIy I totally I absoluteIy I q u ite agree 3 in the nick of time 4 About time ta o!
with you. 5 biding my time 6 before my time
18 What an absolutely delicious meal! 7 Time will tell 8 for old times' sake
19 He passed his driving test, which surp rised 9 time 10 kill 10 for the time being
m,.
20 Budapest, which has a population of two En dq uotes on ti me
million, lies on the river Danub e. 1f2 c 3e4a5b6d
21 Climbingthe hiIl, we h ada fantast ic view.
As we dimbed the hili the view was
fanlastic. (Th e original sentence suggests
that it was rhe Yiewthal was d im bing the
hill! )
4 1 9 Price, 1 Location, 4 Condition of ho use,
6 Kitchen, 7 Dining room, 5 Living room,
3 Fron t ga rde n, 8 Back garden, 2 Parking
2 2 .. . the local shops are within walking
distance.
3 ... there's a regular bus service into the
city centre.
4 It's ideal for the DlY enthusiast. A lick of
paint certainly wo uldn 't go amiss.
5 . .. the roof is in need of same attention.
6 A littie on the old side per haps. Ideal fo r
modern izing!
7 .. . it 's not exactly enormous, ."
B It isn'l the brightest room in the house,...
9 . .. the garden is very mature aod weJJ -
eslablished.
10 Not exactly cheap, I grant you, ...
5 1 You didn't rGlh' Hke it, did you? J thought
it was illifW.,
2 You didn't rea Uy~ it, s.:I..il.l you? You didn't
tlll much.
Answer Key 95
Phonetic symbols
Consonants Vowels

I Ipl as in pen / penJ 25 l i :1 asin see /si:!

2 /bl as in big /brgl 26 I rl asi n bis Ihrzt
3 IV asin tea Iti:/ 27 l iI asin twenty I' twenti/
4 Idl as in da /du:/ 28 lei as in ten Iten!
5 Iki as in cat lk retl 29 tet asin stamp /ste mp/
6 Igl as m go /g;ml 30 10:1 as lß father j'fo:ö'Jl
7 Ifl asin four If::J:! 31 I nl as in hot /hot!
8 lvi as in very I'veril 32 f>:1 as In morning l'mJ:mIj!
9 Isl 35 m son /SAnJ 33 lul 35 m football l'futb:d l
10 171 as in zoo lzu:/ 34 lu:/ as in you /ju :/
11 /1/ 35 m live /hvl 35 ItJ as m sun /sxn/
12 Im! as m my /mal! 36 13:1 as In learn 113:01
13 In! as m near znra/ 37 101 as In letter /'Ietd!
14 Ih l 35 m bappy "hepi/
15 I rl as in red IredJ
yes /jes/
Diphthongs (tw o vowels together)
16 Ijl as in
17 Iwl as m want /woo t! 38 lerl as in name /nenn /
18 191 as m thanks I9rel)ksl 39 I~ml as m oo /o;m l
19 151 as In the /3;)1 40 /all asin my /marI
20 III 35 m she Il i:1 41 l aul as 10 how/hau!
21 131 asi n television " telrvtgn/ 42 lori as in boy /b ot/
22 Itll asin cbild Itl arldJ 43 !I~I as in hea r !hI~1
23 Id31 as 10 German /'d33:m:mJ 44 le~1 as m where zwea/
24 IQI as In English I'rQghl1 45 lo ~1 as In tour Itu ~1