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Data Loading Strategies

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Aspect Considerations and Strategies

Type of Data - Structured Data: Use SQL queries or ETL tools.

- Semi-Structured Data: Employ NoSQL or document-

oriented databases.

- Unstructured Data: Use specialized storage solutions.

- Batch Loading: Use ETL, batch processing, or bulk

Volume of Data
inserts.

- Stream Loading: Employ stream processing

technologies.

Loading Pattern - Full Load: Suitable for infrequently changing data.

- Incremental Load: For frequent data changes.

- Upsert (Insert/Update): Combine insert and update

operations.

- Partitioned Loading: Optimize with data partitioning.

Data Validation and

- Perform data validation and cleaning before loading.
Transformation

- Use ETL processes for data transformation.

Compression and Encoding - Compression: Gzip, Snappy, etc. for data compression.

- Encoding: Use Parquet, ORC, etc. for efficient storage.

Data Cleaning and Preprocessing - Handle missing values, outliers, and inconsistencies.

Metadata Management - Maintain data lineage, dictionaries, and versioning.

Error Handling and Logging - Implement robust error handling and logging.

- Enforce access controls and encryption for sensitive

Security and Access Control
data.

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 Scalability and Performance
- Consider parallel processing, caching, and indexing.
Optimization

Data Deduplication - Establish rules and processes for deduplication.

Backup and Recovery - Set up data backup and recovery procedures.

Compliance and Regulatory

- Ensure compliance with industry-specific regulations.
Considerations

Data Versioning - Version historical data for change tracking.

Monitoring and Alerts - Implement monitoring and alerting for issue detection.

Documentation - Maintain comprehensive documentation of the process.

Data Governance - Enforce data quality, lineage, and ownership practices.

Cost Management - Optimize data loading to manage cloud service costs.

Testing and Validation - Rigorously test and validate the data loading process.

Disaster Recovery and Business

- Plan for disaster recovery and business continuity.
Continuity

Suitable Data
Approach Description Data Volumes Supported Tools
Types

Data is extracted
from source
systems. Data is
Informatica,
transformed
ETL (Extract, Talend, Apache
(cleaned,
Transform, Structured data Medium to Large Nifi, Apache
enriched) during
Load) Spark, Microsoft
the process.
SSIS, etc.
Transformed data
is loaded into the
target system.

ELT (Extract, Data is extracted Structured and Medium to Large Apache NiFi,
Load, from source unstructured AWS Glue,
Transform) systems. Data is Talend,
loaded into a Informatica
storage area PowerCenter, etc.
without
transformation.
Transformation

Data Loading Strategies 2

 occurs within the
target system.

Data is
continuously
Apache Kafka,
extracted in real-
Apache Flink,
Real-Time Data time or near real- Real-time and
Low to High AWS, Kinesis,
Integration time. Transformed streaming data
Apache Pulsar,
data is loaded
etc.
directly into the
target system.

Captures and
replicates changes Debezium,
in source data. Apache Kafka
Change Data
Replicated Any data type Low to High Connect,
Capture (CDC)
changes are GoldenGate,
loaded into the AWS DMS, etc.
target system.

Virtual integration
of data from
Denodo, SAP
multiple sources.
HANA Smart
Data remains in
Data Federation Any data type Low to High Data Access,
the source
Cisco Data
systems; no
Virtualization, etc.
physical
movement.

Data is copied to a
centralized data Amazon Redshift,
Data warehouse. Data Snowflake,
Structured data Medium to Large
Warehousing is transformed and Google BigQuery,
stored for analytics Teradata, etc.
and reporting.

Data is stored in AWS S3, Azure

its raw form in a Data Lake
central repository. Storage, Hadoop
Structured and High to Very
Data Lakes Transformation HDFS, Google
unstructured High
and analysis occur Cloud Storage,
as needed within Apache Parquet,
the lake. etc.

Data Loading Strategies 3

 Data integration is
AWS Glue,
hosted on a cloud
Google Dataflow,
platform.
Cloud-Based Low to Very Azure Data
Leverages cloud Any data type
Integration High Factory,
services for data
Informatica
storage and
Cloud, etc.
processing.

Type of Data Migration Description

Batch Data Ingestion: Migrating large data batches into the data
Initial Data Ingestion
lake.

Real-time Data Ingestion: Streaming data as it becomes available.

Near-Real-Time Data Replication: Synchronizing data between

Data Replication
source systems and the data lake.

Aggregating Data from Multiple Sources: Unifying data from different

Data Consolidation
formats or locations in the data lake.

Data Archiving and Archiving and Backup: Storing historical data and providing data
Backup backup and disaster recovery capabilities.

ETL (Extract, Transform, Load): Transforming and cleansing data

Data Transformation during migration, often using tools like Apache Spark or cloud-based
ETL services.

Data Migration Across Cross-Cloud Data Migration: Moving data between different cloud
Clouds or Envi’s providers or between on-premises and cloud environments.

Data Migration for Data Offloading Data Warehouses: Migrating historical data from data
Warehouses warehouses to the data lake for cost-effective storage.

Hybrid Data Lake Hybrid Data Lakes: Implementing data storage and processing in
Strategies both on-premises and cloud-based data lakes for consistency.

Data Tiering: Storing frequently accessed data in high-performance

Data Tiering and Lifecycle
storage and moving less frequently accessed data to cheaper
Management
storage tiers.

Legacy System Data Migration: Migrating data from

Data Decommissioning decommissioned legacy systems into the data lake for long-term
storage.

Data Streaming for Real-time Analytics: Ingesting and processing

Data Streaming for Real-
real-time data streams for analytics, often from IoT devices and
time Analytics
social media.

Data Loading Strategies 4

 Data Sharing and Data Sharing and Collaboration: Enabling authorized users and
Collaboration external partners to access and contribute data within the data lake.

Step Description

Check unstructured data for errors and completeness to make sure it's
Data Validation
reliable and good to use.

Convert and organize data, like extracting text from images or videos,
Data Transformation
so it's ready for storage.

Find and remove any duplicate data to keep things clean and save on
Data Deduplication
storage space.

Shrink data to save space while keeping it accessible; like making files
Data Compression
smaller, but still usable.

Data Backup and Set up a way to make sure your data is safe, so you can get it back if
Recovery something goes wrong.

Create quick lookup lists to find data easily, like making a table of
Data Indexing
contents for a book.

Data Quality Keep an eye on data quality, so it's accurate and doesn't have
Management mistakes or conflicts.

Data Security and Protect sensitive data with locks and guards, so only the right people
Privacy can access it.

Make rules and plans for how data is handled, like deciding who's in
Data Governance
charge and what's allowed.

Add extra info to your data, like labels and descriptions, to make it
Metadata Enrichment
easier to find and understand.

Aspect Structured Data Semi-Structured Data Unstructured Data

Data with a bit of Data that's a mix of

Data in neat tables or
Data Format structure but also some text, images, audio, or
spreadsheets.
freedom. video.

Data with clear rules Data with some rules Data without strict
Data Schema
and structure. but also some flexibility. rules, often messy.

Data is moved using Data requires various

Data Ingestion Data needs a bit more
well-known methods methods, like
Method adaptation to fit in.
and tools. streaming or APIs.

Data Loading Strategies 5

 Data often needs little Data might need some Data often needs a lot
Data
changing since it's tweaks to fit a common of changes to make it
Transformation
organized. structure. useful.

Data quality is Data quality is vital, but

Data Validation Data quality is crucial
important; errors are there's room for some
and Cleansing due to messiness.
fixed. variations.

Data goes into Data fits well in NoSQL

Data is stored in data
Data Storage structured databases databases or document
lakes or cloud storage.
or warehouses. storage.

Data is easy to ask Data needs tools that Data needs special
Query and
questions about and can deal with some tools for
Analysis
analyze. flexibility. understanding.

Data security is like

Data Security and Data security is like Security needs to adapt
protecting a treasure
Access Control locking a safe. to variations in data.
hunt.

Data comes with clear Labels are added to

Metadata Data's labels might
labels and help understand the
Management change as data flexes.
explanations. data.

Governance needs to Compliance and rules

Data Governance Rules and guidelines
account for data's may be complex due to
and Compliance are simple to set up.
flexibility. diversity.

Data Loading Strategies 6