PARKXPERT

Dr. Jaiprakash Narain Dwivedi Kaushal Kansara

Sahaj Patel
Information Technology , parul university Information Technology , parul university
Information Technology , parul institute
of Engg. & Technology,Vadodara,India of Engg. & Technology,Vadodara,India
of Engg. & Technology,Vadodara,India
Dev Virani
Information Technology , parul university
of Engg. & Technology,Vadodara,India

should blend in with their regular activities without creating

Abstract— As urbanization continues to rise and the number any problems. The project also prioritizes durability and cost-
of vehicles on the road increases, efficient parking management effectiveness to guarantee broad accessibility. The system
has become an imperative for metropolitan areas worldwide. This communicates with a microcontroller through the use of the
abstract introduces an innovative solution in the form of an Online MPU6050 sensor module, which has a gyroscope and an
Parking Reservation System Mobile Application. The proliferation accelerometer. Using configurable acceleration thresholds,
of smartphones and the ubiquity of the internet have paved the way alerts are sent via the Android Blynk app to distinguish
for the development of mobile applications that address the
between real and fake falls.
parking predicaments faced by urban commuters. This mobile
application aims to simplify the parking process by allowing users 1.2 Objective:
to reserve parking spaces in advance, minimizing the time and Users won't need to carry cash or utilize a different
frustration associated with finding parking in crowded urban payment app since the software will combine in-app payments
environments. Key features of this mobile application include real- for parking fees. The smooth payment process improves user
time availability of parking spots, GPS navigation to the reserved
convenience and streamlines the parking process as a whole.
spot, secure payment processing, and user-friendly interfaces.
Moreover, the application incorporates smart technologies, such These upcoming developments show our dedication to
as data analytics and machine learning algorithms, to provide enhancing the Online Parking Reservation System and
users with parking suggestions based on historical usage patterns making it smarter, easier to use, and more effective. Our goal
and real-time traffic data. By reducing the time and stress is to provide a holistic solution that not only satisfies but also
associated with parking, this mobile application not only enhances exceeds the changing parking needs of urban residents,
the convenience of urban commuting but also contributes to thereby promoting more sustainable and stress-free urban
reduced traffic congestion, lower emissions, and improved overall transportation. We will do this by utilizing emerging
urban mobility. The abstract concludes by highlighting the
technology and predictive analytics.
potential benefits of such a system, including increased economic
efficiency, enhanced user experience, and more sustainable urban 2. LITERATURE REVIEW
transportation. In summary, this Online Parking Reservation
System Mobile Application represents a significant advancement The chapter offers a comprehensive evaluation and
in addressing the parking challenges of urban environments, summary of the research literature that we investigated in the
offering a convenient and sustainable solution to improve the lives context of our online parking reservation project (Parkxpert).
of city dwellers and contribute to a smarter and more efficient A literature review for online parking reservation system
urban future. (Parkxpert) normally offers a summary and analysis of the
pertinent academic and commercial literature.
Keywords--- Urbanization, Parking management, Online parking
reservation, Mobile application, GPS navigation, Secure payment 2.1 Critical Evaluation of General paper:
processing, User experience, Smarter cities. Review existing systems that provide recipe
1. INTRODUCTION recommendations, focusing on their strengths and limitations.
Identify relevant technologies, algorithms, and approaches
Parkxpert is a web-based Android application. The move used in similar projects.
aims to provide an easier way to reserve parking spaces. The
app is secure because of the administrator's login ID. The 2.2 Paper Review:
application has three modules: Administrator, User and 1. Real time vehicle parking system using mobile
Owner. Each module will be given a unique login ID and application.
password and then they will be able to access relevant
information. We encounter many incidents when we visit many
public places such as shops, restaurants and theaters. There Publicatio Approach Advantages Limitations
is plenty of parking in these areas for people with accessibility n Year and (Methodology)
issues. Author
1.1 Background: name
The implementation of an effective fall detection system is
crucial in mitigating the increased susceptibility of elderly
adults to accidents resulting from falls. Not only should this (MAY- Real-time The The
system detect falls quickly, but it should also inform the 2019) parking using the proposed application
appropriate healthcare providers to enable fast medical Android model offers "Real-time
treatment. The system's primary goal is to be user-friendly. It application a versatile parking
Usman K,
should be simple enough for senior citizens to navigate and basically solution for reservation
Pravallika consists of three supporting system using

XXX-X-XXXX-XXXX-X/XX/$XX.00 ©20XX IEEE

 S K, modules.User parking Android 3. PROBLEM DEFINITION AND REQUIREMENT
Ramya B Module: This facilities by app" makes ANALYSIS
V, Rani, module of the providing it widely
application user-friendly available. In present decade people prefer to eat at home rather than
Shreya K. eat outside every day, but due to their daily routine they
manages the user interface This app will
interface/user and be the best sometimes forgot to buy the ingredients, so they have the
experience.Admi promoting option for minimum amount of ingredients but they will confused about
nistrator environmen parking what to make from it and then there are PG students who don't
Module: It is the tally friendly reservation have a lot of money so they have an issue of what to eat daily.
operating user choice. as everyone And then there are some people who have a passion to cook
module of the wants to and who are new to cooking so they don't have an idea of any
application.Rese reserve recipes and the number of ingredients they need to use.
rvation Module: parking
It is the main before Due to the fast pace of modern times, many people opt for
module of the leaving home cooking as it provides greater control over ingredients
application that instead of and is often less expensive than dining out. Home cooking
manages calling later. encounters frequently arise due to a shortage of ingredients,
reserved parking leading to difficulties. The ingredients that can be used to
spaces. prepare a meal may cause confusion.

2. Android application for vehicle parking system. 3.1 Problem Statement

Parking Space Scarcity: Rapid urbanization has led to a
Publicatio Approach Advantages Limitations shortage of parking spaces in cities, resulting in increased
n Year and (Methodology) competition and frustration among drivers.
Author Traffic Congestion: The search for parking spaces often
name leads to traffic congestion and increased emissions due to cars
circling in search of available spots.
Time-Consuming: Finding parking can be a time-
(JULY- Android The The parking consuming process, causing delays and inconvenience for
2017) applications are Proposed problem in both residents and visitors.
developed by system theaters,
Android studio. describes shopping Inadequate Information: Lack of real-time information
Mr on parking availability makes it challenging for users to plan
Android accurately malls and
K.Devendr applications are sensing and other their parking needs efficiently.
an ME developed using predict entertainmen
Su.Nivetha JAVA code. Use spot/vehicle t venues is Payment Hassles: Traditional payment methods (e.g.,
a a JAVA compiler occupancy very serious. cash or physical tickets) can be inconvenient and inefficient,
to convert the in real-time. In this leading to delays and frustration for users.
original file into Guides article, we 3.2 Solution Requirement
a JAVA class residents touched The Online Parking Reservation App aims to address
file. Android and visitors upon a small
these problems by providing a user- friendly platform that
SDK includes to available incident
tools to convert parking spot. regarding
allows users to check real-time parking availability, reserve
JAVA class files Optimize the parking spaces in advance, and make hassle-free payments. The goal
to .dex (Dalvik Parking problem in is to streamline the parking process, reduce congestion, and
executable) files. Space India. A enhance the overall parking experience in urban areas.
.dex files and Usage. proper 3.3 Existing System
resources of Simplifies parking plan
Android apps are the parking can save Pay-and-display machines, parking meters, smartphone
packaged in .apk experience visitors time apps like ParkMobile and SpotHero, and smart parking
(Android and adds in reserving systems like ParkiFi and Streetline are all part of the current
Package) file value for parking parking solution landscape. Even if these systems have certain
parking spaces in benefits on their own, they frequently fall short of offering a
stakeholders advance and comprehensive parking experience. Parking meters
, such as allow concentrate on the length of the payment, pay-and-display
merchants management machines lack real-time availability and reservation options,
and drivers. staff to and parking applications might not include predictive
allocate the
analytics. Smart parking systems may not have user-friendly
remaining
spaces
reservation interfaces, despite their effectiveness in real-time
efficiently monitoring. While parking information is provided by
navigation apps such as Google Maps, reservations are not
available. Online reservations are available at certain
parking garages, however they are location-specific, and
municipal systems are frequently disjointed. Our project, the
Online Parking Reservation App, aims to incorporate real-
time availability, reservation functions, predictive analytics, Components: Processes (system activities), Data Stores
and other measures to overcome these limitations. (data storage), Data Flows (movement of data), External
Entities (interacting entities).
4. SYSTEM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION
Levels of DFD:
4.1 Flow Chart
Context Diagram (level 0): Shows system's interaction
Graphical Representation of Operations: with external entities.
Using flowcharts, systems, workflows, and processes may Lower-level diagrams delve into internal processes and
be seen visually. They offer an intelligible and lucid depiction data flows.
of intricate processes.
Analysis and Design:
Diagrams and Symbols:
Used in both analysis and design phases of system
Ovals (start/end), rectangles (process), diamonds development.
(decision), circles (connector), and arrows/lines (flow
direction) are examples of standardized symbols. Various Aids in understanding existing systems (analysis) and
steps and components of a process are represented by designing new/improved systems (design).
symbols.
Communication Tool:
Points of beginning and end:
Effective for stakeholders to visualize and discuss system
There are unique beginning and ending points for each processes and data flows.
flowchart. The process's beginning and ending are denoted by
Facilitates a common understanding of the system.
the starting and terminating points, respectively.
Documentation:
Symbolizing Decisions and Actions:
Serves as valuable documentation, illustrating how data
Rectangles, which are process symbols, stand for various
moves through the system.
steps or actions. Decision symbols (diamonds) designate
decision-making points, which are frequently associated with Eases implementation and maintenance for developers.
multiple-choice or yes/no questions.
Unified Modeling Language (UML):
Flowcharts are powerful for method analysis.
Purpose and Components:
They assist in perceiving bottlenecks, delays,
redundancies, or inefficiencies in workflows. Standardized modeling language for software engineering
and complex systems.
Documentation and Training:
Components include Class Diagrams, Use Case
Flowcharts function for certain information of ways a Diagrams, Sequence Diagrams, Activity Diagrams,
method works. They are useful resources in schooling new Component Diagrams.
employees and ensuring consistency in procedures.
Standardization:
Process Improvement:
Widely recognized and accepted in the software
Once flowcharted, procedures emerge as less difficult to engineering community.
improve. Streamlining workflows and optimizing selection
factors complements performance and productivity. Common language for software developers, architects,
and stakeholders.
Communication Tool:
Software and System Modeling:
Flowcharts are superb for conveying complicated
procedures to stakeholders, crew members, or clients. They Primarily used for modeling software systems but
offer a clean and established explanation, mainly for technical applicable to business processes, hardware design, and non-
or complex procedures. software systems.

Cross-Functional Analysis: Documentation and Design:

Flowcharts examine procedures related to more than one Serves as a means to document and communicate system
department or function. They provide a holistic view of ways design.
distinctive groups interact and collaborate in a given Offers visual representation of system architecture,
workflow. behavior, and relationships.
4.2 UML Diagrams: Integration with Software Development Processes:
UML Diagrams and Data Flow Diagrams (DFD) Can be integrated into various software development
Data Flow Diagram (DFD): methodologies (e.g., Unified Process, Agile) to guide
development and testing.
Purpose and Components:
Extensibility:
DFD is a visual modeling tool representing data flow
within a system. UML is extensible, allowing for the creation of custom
modeling elements and profiles for specific domains or
industries.
 UML DIAGRAMS: Outlined are the goals, parameters, schedule, roles, and
duties. Tools and settings for testing environments are
DFD is crucial for modeling system components: system described in detail
process, data, external entities, and information flows.
5.3 Unit Testing:
UML aims to be a common language for object-oriented
software modeling, comprising a Meta-model and notation. Defects found and fixed are presented, along with isolated
module testing using specified test cases and attained code
Data Flow Diagram: coverage.
Diagram overview: User inputs food order, bot processes 5.4 Testing for Integration:
order, retrieves necessary information, and sends the order to
the kitchen. Scenarios are used to evaluate how different modules
interact with one another, highlighting and fixing integration
Highlights the flow of information from user input to order problems to ensure smooth operation.
fulfillment.
5.5 Examining the System:
4.3 Use Case Diagram:
Thorough testing addresses significant flaws, usability
User: problems, and performance bottlenecks while examining both
Function: Interacts with the PARKXPERT platform for functional and non-functional components.
parking assistance.
5.6 User Acceptance Testing (UAT):
Roles/Needs: Includes finding available parking spots, This type of testing emphasizes system improvement and
obtaining navigation to parking locations, and receiving user happiness through user validation and feedback, UAT
parking tips. scenarios, and result summaries.
Search for Parking: 5.7 Deployment Strategy:
Function: Allows users to search for parking spots based Server Setup: Describe the server setup process, including
on criteria like location, parking type, or availability. hardware specifications, configurations, and any redundancy
Get Navigation Assistance: or failover mechanisms.
Function: Permits users to request navigation assistance Database Migration: Explain how database migration
to reach the selected parking spot efficiently. was handled to ensure dataconsistency and integrity.
Get Parking Tips: Code Deployment: Detail the process of deploying the
application code, emphasizing best practices, version control,
Function: Enables users to seek parking tips and and automated deployment pipelines.
techniques for better parking experiences or troubleshooting
parking-related issues. 5.8 Deployment Challenges:
Personalization: Challenges Faced: Identify any challenges encountered
during the deployment phase, such as unexpected technical
Function: Involves the PARKXPERT platform issues, performance bottlenecks, or database synchronization
personalizing parking recommendations based on user problems.
preferences, parking spot availability, and parking
restrictions. Mitigation Strategies: Discuss how these challenges were
mitigated or resolved, including any emergency measures
Access Parking Database: taken to minimize downtime or user impact.
Function: Involves the PARKXPERT platform interacting
with a parking database to retrieve and present relevant 6. SIMULATION RESULTS
parking information to users.
User Feedback:
Function: Allows users to provide feedback on parking
recommendations and overall experience, aiding continuous
improvement.
Admin:
Function: Represents system administrators or
developers.
5. TESTING AND DEPLOYMENT
5.1 Approach to Testing:
We utilize functional, performance, security, and user
acceptance testing for the Parkxpert platform, highlighting Figure-1 Figure-2
the critical role testing plays in guaranteeing quality.
5.2 Test Plan:

Figure-3 Figure-4
7. CONCLUSION
Building a product from the ground up has been a great
learning experience. We learned and discovered something
new on every stage of the process.
In conclusion, a Parkxpert is a useful tool for users looking
to find and reserve parking spots in various locations. The app
provides real-time information on available parking spaces,
their location, and price, making the process of finding and
reserving parking spots easier and more convenient.
Also, the emergency reserve parking slot feature is a
valuable addition to the app. It allows users to reserve a
parking spot quickly and easily in the event of an emergency
or unexpected situation, providing peace of mind and
reducing stress.
By using GPS technology, the app can identify the user's
location and show available parking spots nearby. Users can
search for parking spots based on their location, destination,
or preferred parking type. The app also offers a range of
features to make the parking experience more convenient,
including reminders, directions.
Overall, a Parkxpert is a must-have tool for anyone
looking to find and reserve parking spots quickly and
efficiently. With the added emergency reserve parking slot
feature, users can have the peace of mind knowing they can
quickly reserve a spot in the event of an unexpected situation.
The app saves time, reduces stress, and makes the parking
experience more convenient and hassle-free.
The development and implementation of our Online
Parking Reservation App mark a significant stride towards
solving the persistent challenges of urban parking. Our
project is a testament to the power of technology in enhancing
convenience, efficiency, and sustainability in our cities.
By providing users with a user-friendly interface, real-
time availability updates, and integrated payment options, we
have streamlined the parking process, reducing stress and
congestion. Moreover, the integration of smart parking
technologies and predictive analytics ensures that our app is
not just a snapshot of the present but a glimpse into the future
of urban mobility.
In closing, our Online Parking Reservation App
represents more than just a project; it's a step towards a more
connected, efficient, and sustainable urban future. We look
forward to continued innovation and collaboration as we
strive to make urban parking a seamless and stress-free
experience for all..
8. FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS
Future improvements to the online parking reservation
system are anticipated, as it integrates easily with smart
parking technology to provide real-time space information.
Using variables and historical data, predictive analytics will
forecast parking availability. Through reputable navigation
technologies, the app will provide turn-by-turn directions for
quick and easy destination searching. Cash handling will be
eliminated by using in-app payments for parking fees,
streamlining the user experience. These developments
highlight our dedication to ongoing development,
guaranteeing a more intelligent, approachable, and effective
parking solution that meets and surpasses urban mobility
demands.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We want to express our heartfelt thanks to Dr.Jaiprakash
Narain Dwivedi for guiding us throughout our BTech
research. His support and suggestions were crucial in
completing this project.
A big thank you to the IT Department and Parul Institute
of Engineering and Technology for providing a platform to
showcase our research. We're grateful for the opportunity.
REFERENCES
[1] Usman K, Pravallika S K, Ramya B V, Rani, Shreya K.
[Real time vehicle parking system using mobile
application], (Karnataka, India), (2011)
[2] Samar Alkhuraiji Saudi Arabia. [Design and
Implementation of an Android Smart Parking Mobile
Application], (Saudi Arabia), (Nov, 2020)
[3] Arkadeepta Roy, Pratik Bhuwalka, Prabu.S, Chirag
kedia. [Online parking booking systems], (Vellore,
India), (Apr, 2018)
[4] Ilakkiya.S.N, Nevetha.R, Deepa.R. [Online Booking
System For Car Parking], (Feb, 2020)
[5] Saravanan N, Kokila B. [Parking slot booking],
(Tamilnadu, India), (Aug, 2018)
[6] Shruthi Mudaliar, Shreya Agali, Sujay Mudhol,
Chaitanya K Jambotkar. [IoT Based Smart Car Parking
System], (Karnataka, India), (Jan, 2019)
[7] Abrar Fahim, Mehedi Hasan b, Muhtasim Alam
Chowdhury. [Smart parking systems], (Chittogram,
Bangladesh), (May, 2021)
[8] K.Devendran, Su.Nivethaa [Android application for
vehicle parking system], (Perundurai, Erode), (Jul, 2017)
[9] Andre Barroso, Jonathan Benson, Tina Murphy, Utz
Roedig, Cormac Sreenan, John Barton, Stephen Bellis,
Brendan Flynn, and Kieran Delaney. [A Review on
Online Parking Booking System via Android
application], “The DSYS25 Sensor_Platform,” (Ireland,
2004)
[10] Mohit Chandrabhan Patil, Ramrao Adik, Rahul Balu
Sakore. [Smart Parking System Based On Reservation],
“D.Y.Patil Vidyanagari, Sector 7, Nerul”, (Navi
Mumbai, India Mumbai University, 2018)
[11] Rana, S., and Sahu, S. [Smart Parking System: A
Review], “International Journal of Computer
Applications”, (Delhi, India, 2018)
[12] https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/home.jsp
[13] https://sci-hub.hkvisa.net