King Abdulaziz University

Faculty of Arts and Humanities

Department of European Languages and Literature
Research Methods in Linguistics - ELAN 694
APA 7th Edition
Handout 1 – References/In-text Citations

1. Book:

Referencing with one author:

Author’s Last Name, Author’s Initials. (Year of publication). Title of book. Publishing company. URL

Author’s Last Name

Author’s Initials

Year of Publication Publishing Company

Title of Book

Saville-Troike, M. (2006). Introducing second language acquisition. Cambridge University Press.

https://uogbooks.files.wordpress.com/2014/10/muriel_saville-
troike_introducing_second_languagb-ok-org.pdf
IMP: Title of Book
ONLY the first word,
proper nouns, and
URL anything after a colon is
capitalized. Everything
else in the tile is
In-text Citation (Summary/Paraphrase/Quotation):
lowercase.
(Saville-Troike, 2006)

Referencing with two authors:

Authors’ Last Name

Authors’ Initials

Year of Publication Title of Book Edition

Saville-Troike, M., & Barto, K. (2017). Introducing second language acquisition (3rd ed.).
Cambridge University Press.

Publishing Company

Work by 2 Authors
In-text Citation:
Summary/Paraphrase: (Saville-Troike & Barto, 2017)

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Quotation: (Saville-Troike & Barto, 2017, p. 4)

Referencing a book with more than two authors:

Authors’ Last Names

Authors’ Initials

Year of Publication Title of Book

Dörnyei, Z., Henry, A., & Muir, C. (2016). Motivational currents in language learning:
Frameworks for focused interventions. Routledge.

Publishing Company

Work by 3 or more authors

In-text Citation:
Summary/Paraphrase: (Dörnyei et al., 2016)
Quotation: (Dörnyei et al., 2016, p. 5)

EXERCISE 1:

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Answer:
Referencing a book with two editors:

Authors’ Last Names

Authors’ Initials
Title of Book
Year of Publication

Dörnyei, Z., & Ushioda, E. (Eds.) (2009). Motivation, language identity and the L2 self.

Multilingual Matters.
Two editors: (Eds.)

. Publishing Company

Referencing a book chapter with two authors:

Authors’ Last Names

Authors’ Initials Editor’s initials go

first and then the
Year of Publication Title of Chapter last name.

Dillard, H., & Scanlan, M. (2021). Classroom dynamics and the EFL teacher. In D. Fields (Ed.),
Introducing second language acquisition (pp. 110-133). Macmillan.
One editor: (Ed.)
More than one:
Publishing Company
(Eds.)
Title of Book
Chapter page numbers

Work by 2 Authors
In-text Citation:
Summary/Paraphrase: (Dillard & Scanlan, 2021)
Quotation: (Dillard & Scanlan, 2021, p. 122)

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 2. Journal Article:

Referencing:

Author’s Last Name, Author’s Initials., & Author’s Last Name, Author’s Initials. (Year of
publication). Title of article. Journal Name, volume number(issue number), page numbers. doi’s URL

Author’s Last Name Year of Publication

Author’s Initials Title of Article

Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (2002). Building a practically useful theory of goal setting and task
motivation: A 35 year odyssey. American Psychologist, 57(9), 705-717.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.57.9.705
Pages #
Journal Name in Italic Issue #
doi’s URL
Volume # in italic
*If there is a DOI, you need to put it in a URL format.

Work by 2 Authors
In-text Citation (Summary/Paraphrase/Quotation [with page number]):
Summary/Paraphrase: (Locke & Latham, 2002)
Quotation: (Locke & Latham, 2002, p. 65)

EXERCISE:
Reference the following journal article using the APA 7th edition referencing style:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319639781_The_Effect_of_Religiosity_and_Perception_on
_Academic_Cheating_among_Muslim_Students_in_Indonesia

Answer:

Hadjar, I. (2017). The effect of religiosity and perception on academic cheating among Muslim
students in Indonesia. Journal of Education and Human Development, 6(2), 139-147.
https://doi.org/10.15640/jehd.v6n2a15

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3. Thesis

Kabir, J. M. (2016). Factors influencing customer satisfaction at

a fast food hamburger chain: The relationship between customer
satisfaction and customer loyalty (Publication No. 10169573)
[Doctoral dissertation, Wilmington University]. ProQuest
Dissertations & Theses Global.

Last name, initial. (2087). Title in italics (Publication No. 88888888) [Doctoral dissertation,
University of Reading].

Conference
It is written that it is a conference
- If we have ISBN = a book = a chapter of a book

Last

Calitz, P., Cullen, M., & Stolk, M. (2012). The impact of covid-19 on
students completing a blockchain course. In U. Singh., & C. Nair
(Eds.), Proceeding of the Digital2k international conference on
teaching, assessment and learning in the digital age (pp. 8-21).
Digital2k.

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3. Webpage/Online Content

- With Author

Author’s last name, Initials. (Year, Month Date). Title of page. Site name. URL

Referencing:

Author’s Last Name

Author’s Initials

Year, Month Date Title of Page Site name

Price, D. (2018, March 23). Laziness does not exist. Human Parts Medium.
https://humanparts.medium.com/laziness-does-not-exist-3af27e312d01

URL

Work by 1 Author
In-text Citation (Summary/Paraphrase/Quotation):
(Price, 2018)

- No Author
Organization Name. (year of last update or copyright year; if not known, put n.d.). Title of page. Site
name. URL

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Referencing: Year last update or copyright year/n.d.

Organization Name Title of Page Site name

University of Nottingham. (n.d.). Study with us. Nottingham. https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/

URL

Work by No Author
In-text citation (Summary/Paraphrase/Quotation):
(University of Nottingham, n.d.)

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4. Image Referencing/In-text Citations

If there is an author:

Referencing:

Author. (Year). Title of work [Description]. Source. URL

Author’s Last Name

Title of Work
Author’s Initials
Description Source
Year of Publication

Kerton, R. (1989). Parkes radio telescope [Photograph]. CSIRO Science Image.

http://www.crsiro.scienceimage.au/tag/radio-telescopes/i/2652/parkes-radoo-telescope/

URL

In-text Citation (Summary/Paraphrase/Quotation):

(Kerton, 1989)

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If there is NO author/NO date:

Referencing:

Source. (No Year). Title of work [Description]. URL

Year of Publication

Source Title of Work Description

ILW India. (n.d.). University of Nottingham [Photograph].

https://www.ilwindia.com/university/university-of-nottingham/

URL

In-text Citation (Paraphrase/Quotation):

(ILW India, n.d.)

EXERCISE:

Reference the following image using the APA 7th edition referencing style:
https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fsaudigazette.com.sa%2Fuploads%2Fima
ges%2F2020%2F04%2F16%2F1546728.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fsaudigazette.com.sa%2F
article%2F591970%2FSAUDI-ARABIA%2FAll-school-students-to-be-promoted-to-next-
class&tbnid=YR02QKJRmIFsjM&vet=12ahUKEwiV5O2v09TvAhUHQBQKHa4eCDAQMygCegU
IARDTAQ..i&docid=TuJdi6CTn2ItmM&w=670&h=418&q=school&safe=strict&ved=2ahUKEwiV5
O2v09TvAhUHQBQKHa4eCDAQMygCegUIARDTAQ

ANSWER:
Source + date + Description + URL

Saudi Gazette + 2020 + [Photograph of a Saudi Classroom]

Saudi Gazette. (2020). [Photograph of a Saudi classroom].

https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fsaudigazette.com.sa%2Fuploads%
2Fimages%2F2020%2F04%2F16%2F1546728.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fsaudigazette
.com.sa%2Farticle%2F591970%2FSAUDI-ARABIA%2FAll-school-students-to-be-promoted-
to-next-
class&tbnid=YR02QKJRmIFsjM&vet=12ahUKEwiV5O2v09TvAhUHQBQKHa4eCDAQMyg
CegUIARDTAQ..i&docid=TuJdi6CTn2ItmM&w=670&h=418&q=school&safe=strict&ved=2
ahUKEwiV5O2v09TvAhUHQBQKHa4eCDAQMygCegUIARDTAQ