1.

A fixed quantity X0 is measured many times in an experiment that has experimental

uncertainty. A graph is plotted to show the number n of times that a particular value X is
obtained. [W10-13-3]
Which graph could be obtained if the measurement of X0 has a large systematic error but a small
random error?

2. A voltage is carefully measured with a high-quality instrument and found to be

2.321 V. [S17-13-4]
Two students, using two different methods, conclude that the voltage is 2.33 V and
2.344 V respectively.
Which statement is correct?
A. 2.33 V is less accurate and less precise than 2.344 V.

B. 2.33 V is less accurate and more precise than 2.344 V.

C. 2.33 V is more accurate and less precise than 2.344 V.

D. 2.33 V is more accurate and more precise than 2.344 V.

3. Variables and are related by the equation where and are constants. [W15-13-7]

Values of and are measured experimentally. The results contain a systematic error.
Which graph best represents these results?

4. . Four identical rods have a square cross-section. The rods are placed side by side and their
total width is measured with vernier calipers, as shown.

The measurement is (8.4 ± 0.1) mm and the zero reading on the calipers is (0.0 ± 0.1) mm.
What is the width of one rod?
A. (2.10 ± 0.025) mm B. (2.10 ± 0.05) mm C. (2.1 ± 0.1) mm D. (2.1 ± 0.2) mm

5. quantity x is to be determined from the equation . [W10-12-5]

P is measured as 1.27 ± 0.02 m. Q is measured as 0.83 ± 0.01 m.

What is the percentage uncertainty in x to one significant figure?

A. 0.4 % B. 2 % C. 3 % D. 7 %
6. A thermometer can be read to an accuracy of ± 0.5 ℃. This thermometer is used to

measure a temperature rise from 40 ℃ to 100 ℃ . [S14-12-5]

What is the percentage uncertainty in the measurement of the temperature rise?
A. 0.5 % B. 0.8 % C. 1.3 % D. 1.7 %

7. The strain energy W of a spring is determined from its spring constant k and
extension x. The spring obeys Hooke’s law and the value of W is calculated using the
equation shown. [S15-11-6]

1 2
W= kx
2

The spring constant is 100 ± 2 Nm-1 and the extension is 0.050 ± 0.002 m
What is the percentage uncertainty in the calculated value of W?
A. 6% B. 10% C. 16% D. 32%

8. The resistance R of a resistor is to be determined. The current I in the resistor and

the potential difference V across it are measured. [W14-13-5]
The results, with their uncertainties, are I= (2.0 ± 0.2) A V = (15.0 ± 0.5) V
The value of R is calculated to be 7.5 Ω . What is the uncertainty in this value for R?

A. ±0.3 Ω B. ±0.5 Ω C. ±0.7 Ω D. ±1 Ω

9. An experiment is carried out to measure the resistance of a wire. [S14-11-4]

The current in the wire is (1.0 ± 0.2)A and the potential difference across the wire
is (8.0 ± 0.4)V .
What is the resistance of the wire and its uncertainty?
A. (8.0 ± 0.2) Ω B. (8.0 ± 0.6) Ω C. (8 ± 1) Ω D. (8 ± 2) Ω