Script

There are many perspectives and/or theories in teaching and learning that have been applied in the
classroom decades ago, and still continue to be used today. One of them is the perspective/theory on
cognitivism.

(Read first the first slide)

Cognitivism is a learning theory that focuses on “ how information is received, organized, stored and
retrieved by the mind
Cognitivism views the mind as an information processor like a computer
For example in the classroom instruction should be organized ,sequenced, and presented in a manner
that is understandable and meaningful to the learners.

Jean Piaget’s views had a big impact and according to him everything that we know and understand is
filtered through our current frame of reference. in other words, (read the slide)

Like for example if the children is to know something then they must construct the knowledge
themselves. Thus, piaget describe children as a constructivist an individual who acts on novel objects
and events and gain some understanding of their essential features.Children’s constructions of reality
depend on the knowledge that they are currently have or available to them. Kay the immature ang
cognitive system the more nga limited ang ilahang interpretation of the event.

So we have concrete examples with our learners and children undergoing the cycle of these schemes
starts with the concept of equilibrium: For example if a child believes that all 34-legged animals are dogs
and then there is a breed of that dog that they have not seen before they will probably apply a dog label
to the dog, since they are also furry and four-legged.

Then the child will then assimilates these information about this nee breed of a dog into their existing
scheme this is called assimilation.

But if the child then sees a cat for the very first time tgey may apply a dog label to the cat however if the
childs is told that the animal is considerably smaller than a dog and doesn’t bark like a dog then the child
needs to adjust the existing concept of their schema. The four legged animals they are not all dogs
because some are cats they are to generate a new scheme
And then, in accommodation: it comes into this scene it is defined as changing or altering our existing
schemas in life of new information
And lastly, within the children’s mind organization occurs wherein they are able to develop distinct
schema within the world that they are facing (a dog is furry and have four legs and barks while cat is
pretty have four legs but meows

Schema is the heart of cognitivism, is a recurring process in the overall purpose of education.
Purpose? For learners to gain, remember and apply the information.