THE HUMAN PERSON IN

SOCIETY
An organized group held
together by common ties
within shared border.

May also refer to a

common experience of a
group of people living
together.
Human beings are social.
Just as we individuals
shape society, so does
society shape us.
1. Human beings
are social.
 2. Individuals
shape society.
3. Society shape
us.
Ways by how a person becomes a
member of society:

By As defined by the
Constitution of the
citizenship land; exercise of
political rights.
 Ways by how a person becomes a
member of society:
According to
By membership to a
certain race or
nationhood ethnicity; obedience
to cultural practices.
 TYPES OF SOCIETY
Hunting and Gathering
Societies that rely primarily or
exclusively on hunting wild
animals, fishing, fruits, and
vegetables to support
their needs.
 TYPES OF SOCIETY
Pastoral
a nomadic group of
people who travel with a
herd of domesticated
animals, which they rely
on for food.
 TYPES OF SOCIETY
Horticultural
A social system based
on non-mechanized
subsistence farming.
 TYPES OF SOCIETY
Agricultural
Relies on permanent
tools for survival like
agricultural
technological advances
to cultivate crops.
 TYPES OF SOCIETY
Industrial
A society driven by the
use of technology to
enable mass production
supporting a large
population.
 TYPES OF SOCIETY
Post Industrial
A society marked by a
transition from a
manufacturing-based
economy to a service-
based economy.
The culture of a society
affects philosophy,
including the
philosophy of the
human person.
1 2

3
1. What type of societies the picture/s shows?
2. What are the distinct features of each
society?
3. By seeing the picture/s, what norms do you
think they have?
4. What do you think would be the cause of the
transformation of each society?
 ELEMENTS OF A
SOCIAL SYSTEM

1 22
SENTIMENTS NORMS

Shared emotions/ Rules and regulations

feelings toward observed by the people.
something.
 Man and the
Social System
Social
System 2

Any social structure

where two or more It operates on the basis
individuals interact in a of norms and standards
bordered situation sharing shaped by its members.
common interests.
 ELEMENTS OF A
SOCIAL SYSTEM

1 22
SENTIMENTS NORMS

Shared emotions/ Rules and regulations

feelings toward observed by the people.
something.
 ELEMENTS OF A
SOCIAL SYSTEM

3 42
BELIEFS AUTHORITY

Values and principles Individual/group

held with high regard. power holders and
influencers.
 ELEMENTS OF A
SOCIAL SYSTEM

5 62
SANCTIONS STATUSES AND ROLES

Social position and

A system of expected behavior
punishments and attached to these
rewards. positions.
ELEMENTS OF A
SOCIAL SYSTEM
2
7
GOALS
Aspirations and
vision of the
members.
 Conformity of member to society’s
norms and rules depend on:

1. Whether it is an Open Society (minimal

conditions to maintain obedience to duties and
responsibilities) or a Closed Society (rigorous
conditions require political, religious, and racial
conformity).
 Open and Closed Societies
Open Societies
Allows the individual to
change his role and to
benefit from
corresponding changes in
status.
 Open and Closed Societies
Closed Societies
One in which an
individual’s role and
function can theoretically
never be changed.
 Conformity of member to society’s
norms and rules depend on:

2. Whether there exists Uniformity (emphasis on

cultural cohesion, social homogeniety, and
avoidance to diversity) or Plurality
(characterized by tolerance, openness, diversity,
inclusivity and participation) .
Pluralistic and Uniform Socities
Uniform Societies
It is usually used to refer to a
society where everyone
follows the same rules or
norms, such as a society
without much diversity or
individuality.
Pluralistic and Uniform Socities
Pluralistic Societies
A diverse one, where the
people in it believe all kinds of
different things and tolerate
each other's beliefs even when
they don't match their own.
 Filipino Sociality
❑Filipinos are with or
surrounded by ‘others’ from
birth to death.
❑Filipinos are social beings.
Companionship (kasama)
characterizes our social
orientation.
 Filipino Sociality
❑The prefix “ka” in relational
terms means belonging and
togetherness.
❑Mag-anak (family) and
pagkakamag-anak (kinship)
are key factors that show the
Filipino social character.
Three areas that shape the Filipino’s social context

PAG-AARUGA

: personalized tender PAGKAMATAPAT

care as expressed in
cuddling and : this is about PANANAGUTAN
touching. The loyalty including
reason of ‘Filipino emotional, : a sense of obligation
warmth and financial, and legal that is evident in
sensitivity. support. family and social
context.
Ano ang ‘Pakikipagkapwa’?
 ‘Pakikipagkapwa’: a caring concept

Ways by how pakikipagkapwa

is expressed:

1• Pakikitungo: the ability to adjust, to be

humble, and to deal with others with
courtesy and appropriateness
 ‘Pakikipagkapwa’: a caring concept

Ways by how pakikipagkapwa

is expressed:

2• Pakikisama: the willingness to subordinate

one’s own interest in favor of others
in the spirit of harmony
 ‘Pakikipagkapwa’: a caring concept

Ways by how pakikipagkapwa

is expressed:

3• Pakikiramay: it is the togetherness of

feeling, sharing in another’s sorrow,
or to feel compassion.
 What gesture of
pakikipagkapwa can
you give to other
people this
New Year?
Society and Culture
Culture can be
defined as a social
group’s attitudes,
values, or way of
thinking and
behaving.
Incorporating other cultures and
persons to our own culture:
Ex:
Uncritical People accept certain
things from the West
Acceptance uncritically simply
because they are from
the West.
Incorporating other cultures and
persons to our own culture:
Ex:
People especially some
Uncritical nationalists, reject
Rejection something simply
because they are from
the West.
Incorporating other cultures and
persons to our own culture:
This seems to be the
most appropriate
Critical response for
assimilating cultural
Acceptance traits form other
cultures.
Knowing Our Culture Through Other Cultures

Dungeon
There are two
Model
basic models for
encountering
cultures: Round Table
Model
The Dungeon Model The Dungeon Model
Those who follows
▪ Can also be this think: I will
called the just dwell in my
dungeon. It is
“frog in the enough. It is all I
well need. The light
syndrome”. and freedom of
my dungeon are
fine.
 The Round Table The Round Table
Model Model
▪ All cultures are ▪ This model
equal. teaches that
every culture
▪ No one culture has some
intimidates, beauty,
manipulates, or greatness, and
dominates truth to teach
other cultures. and learn.