University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines - Claveria

NEED
WHY IS IT
PROBLEMATIC?

JEROME SARDUAL, RSW

 CONTENT LIST
DIMENSIONS OF
1 DEFINITION OF NEED 4 NEED

VARIOUS ABRAHAM AND

2 THOUGHTS 5 BRADSHAW

NEEDS FOR HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

3 6 EFFORTS
SURVIVAL
WHAT IS NEED?
WHY DO WE NEED TO STUDY IT?
Understanding needs in the context of
social welfare is crucial for addressing the
well-being of individuals and
communities. By comprehensively
grasping the nature of needs,
policymakers, social workers, and
stakeholders can develop effective
interventions to alleviate poverty,
enhance quality of life, and promote
social justice.
WHAT IS NEED/s?
In the context of social welfare, refer to the
fundamental requirements for individuals to live a
dignified life within society.

In the context of social welfare, refer to the

fundamental requirements for individuals to live a
dignified life within society.
Encompass various dimensions, including physical,
emotional, social, and psychological aspects.

Refers to the gap or discrepancy between a present

state (what is) and a desired state (what should be).
VARIOUS THOUGHTS
Prominent figures in sociology, psychology, and economics have offered
insights into the concept of needs:

Karl Marx: Emphasized the importance of meeting basic

needs for a stable society.

Adam Smith: Believed that meeting basic needs is essential for

economic growth and prosperity.

John Maynard Keynes: Advocated for government intervention

to address economic inequality and meet basic needs.
NEEDS FOR HUMAN SURVIVAL
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, proposed by Abraham Maslow, is a well-
known framework that categorizes needs into five levels:

1. Physiological Needs: Food, water, shelter, and safety.

2. Safety Needs: Security, stability, and protection from harm.

3. Love and Belonging Needs: Affection, acceptance, and a sense of belonging.

4. Esteem Needs: Respect, recognition, and self-esteem.

5. Self-Actualization Needs: The need to reach one's full potential and engage in
meaningful activities.
DIMENSIONS OF NEED
Beyond basic survival needs, various dimensions of needs have been identified:

Physical Needs: Includes health, nutrition, and physical well-being.

Emotional Needs: Involves love, affection, and a sense of belonging.

Social Needs: Requires interaction with others and a sense of community.

Psychological Needs: Includes self-esteem, self-confidence, and personal growth.

ABRAHAM’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
ABRAHAM’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
4 CATEGORIES OF NEED (BRADSHAW)
SOCIAL NEEDS ACCORDING TO JONATHAN BRADSHAW

NORMATIVE NEEDS

COMPARATIVE NEEDS

FELT NEEDS

EXPRESSED NEEDS
4 CATEGORIES OF NEED (BRADSHAW)
SOCIAL NEEDS ACCORDING TO JONATHAN BRADSHAW

NORMATIVE NEEDS

is need which is identified according to a norm

(or set standard)
such norms are generally set by experts.

- example: benefit levels, standards of unfitness

in houses, potable water
4 CATEGORIES OF NEED (BRADSHAW)
SOCIAL NEEDS ACCORDING TO JONATHAN BRADSHAW

COMPARATIVE NEEDS

Problems which emerge by comparison with others

who are not in need.
Use comparison of social problems in different areas
in order to determine which areas are most deprived.
4 CATEGORIES OF NEED (BRADSHAW)
SOCIAL NEEDS ACCORDING TO JONATHAN BRADSHAW

FELT NEEDS

is need which people feel.

A need from the perspective of the people who have
it.
4 CATEGORIES OF NEED (BRADSHAW)
SOCIAL NEEDS ACCORDING TO JONATHAN BRADSHAW

EXPRESSED NEEDS

Is the need which they say they have.

People can feel need which they do not express and
they can express needs they do not feel.
Development Efforts of the Philippine
Government
The Philippine government has implemented various initiatives and programs
aimed at addressing basic needs, including:

Poverty Reduction and Social Protection Programs

Health and Education Programs

Infrastructure Development
NEEDS - SOCIAL WELFARE
Understanding needs in the context of social
welfare is essential for addressing societal
challenges and promoting individual and societal
well-being. By exploring various perspectives on
defining needs, insights from significant figures in
sociology, psychology, and economics, and the
dimensions of needs beyond basic survival, we can
better understand the complexities of meeting
human needs and develop effective strategies for
social welfare.
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