Taaza V POSSESSIO AD INTERDICTA § 1. Possessio na ager publicus Uactuoe BaanenHe Ha OOMIecTBeHHOM none (ager publicus) sBas- eted Apepnetiieh Bragzempueckolt curyannes, H o6o3HayeHHe HMeHHO STOrO BHAA MPHCYTCTBHA YACTHLIX THN Ha OOUlecTBeHHO 3eMae cTan0 HaspaHveM HHCTHTYTA. Ager publicus — ato saBoeBannaa y Bparop 3eMJa, cTaMoBHBUAS- ca TakHM O6pa30m semsef Pumckoro napoxa — populus Romanus (Quiritium). Ta yactp sto 3eM.In, KoTOpad ie Obla pa3MexKeBana K accHrHOBaHa B CobcTBeEHHOCTD oTAeaTbHBIX (privatus) anu {ager di- visus et assignatus)!, craHosHaach OObEKTOM 3axBaTa (occupaiio) co CTOpOHL! BAACTH HMYUMX. CXeMa NpHHazAeXHOCTH, pealusopanwanca B 9TOM cry4ae, Glia HenpaBoBOl H XapakTepusoBatach Kak «iniuria>, 7. e. ayxkaaa ius civile®. Saxpaueuwand semua octanamace ager publicus w Mora Gbith B 2060 MOMCHT H3DbATA y YaCTHBIX BAaZetDKeR’, B uctowuKax 3a@HK- CHpoBaHD! NBA CAYIAA HarHakHa BAazeAblles C OGULECTBEHNBIX 3@MeTb B RoKAaccHueckHit nepHog. J[peaneliuma 43 Hux oTHOCHTeR K 456 Fr. 20 n. 3. lo nHuynaTupe mie6elckoro TprOyHa Munana 6b MpHnsAT 3a- KOR lex Icilia de Aventino publicando, no Kotopomy 3eMiu, gaxBayen- Hble WaTpRUHAMH Ha ABeHTHHCKOM XoAMe, GbVIN accHrHOBaHe! neGe- AM TOA %KHIHWHOe crpoHTeancrBo (Dyonis., 10, 32). Coraacno roc- NOACTBYIOUEMY MHEHHIO, CAMO HaaBaHHe 3aKOHa NOKasbIBaeT, 4YTO ero OCHOBHBIM COJepKaHhem 6HIAO BOCCTAaHOBAeHHe ny6.1H4H0ro cTaryca stoi seman: publicatio (konpuckauua). BosmMomxnoctp yTpaTH Tako- TO cTaTyca B pe3yIbTaTe HeAosBOeHHOH occupatio, caezywme us Takoro NOHUMAHHA COAepRAaHHA 3aKoHa, CHUMAeTCH MpH3HaHHeM Toro, UTO He BCe 3eMAH Ha ApeHtuHe 6bIH NYOJIMYHEIMH, H TOMBKO Te H3 HX, KOTopble 65H ager publicus, U3HIMAaNHCh y Bazerbues Hb mepe- Rapantucp naesesms, Alpyro# cnywah — accuruauna ager Gallicus et Picenus 8 232 r. Jo ¥. 3. m0 3aKoHy Tpu6yHa Onamunna. 3aKou npeAycMaTpuBaa KOH- uckanuio 4acTHbIxX Balagennit Ha 3€MJAX, 3AXBAYCHHDIX V PaJWJbCKOTO Hapoga cexonos B 283 r. go u. 9. (Polyb., 2, 13) 1 mHueHop B 268 r. zon. 9. (Vell., 1, 14). Ha oOmmputie reppuropuu cenoHos (no onenKe 1 Tipoueaypa pasmexesanna — uextypuauxa (centuriatio) raxxe_orpaxaer nyOavuHii 1 BoekHbi xapaxrep pesielwera sewrenomaonaHHs. Tow- dee ZI. B. Puncxoe apxawueckoe Hacaegcraeance mpaso. M., 1993, C, 23 n caea. rosy, S2n0g/288! Colognesi L. La terra in Roma antica, Vol, 1: Eta arcaice. Rome, _ P. 118 sqq, 3 Bozza F. La possessio sull'ager publicus. Napoli, 1938. P. 13 sqq; 165; Bur- dese A. Studi sull'ager publicus. Torino, 1952. P. 32; Kaser M. Eigentum und Be- sitz im alteren rémischen Recht. K6ln; Graz, 1956. S. 240. * Bozza F. La possessio... P. 60. 194TO. Benoxa, Gonee 0,5 man. ra®) Gpiio BHBeeHO AMIS Tph KOAOHHH:? Sena Gallica (Polyb., 2, 19, 12; Liv., ep. 11), Aesinum (Veil., 1 8) nu Ariminum (Vell., 1, 14, 7; Liv., ep. 15), ovennaHo, no 300 Ko0- HHCTOB Kaxkiaa®; Ha TEPpHTOPHHO NHLeHOS — gee: Firmum u Castrum Novum (Veil, 1, 14)’. [Ipowne seman Ha aTax TeppnTopHAx ocTaanch HOCTYNHLIMH J1i CAMOBOADHO! oecupatio®. OxesuqHO, KONpUCKANHH GbIIN Gb HeBOSMOAHEI, eCaH OBI OCCUpa- tio npeqyeMaTpuBadach 3sakonogatespno. Tepporaganpioe orctpane- Hue me6een or occupatio cornacyerca ¢ MoaHTHYeCKOA MoOHOnOAHea natpuunata®. Korza Bbiclive MarMCTpaTypbl cTaHOBATCA NOcTyNHBIMH HW naeGeaM, CpeqH OkKyMaHTOB noaBsercd H naeGelckan 3HaTb. Tax, aBTOp MepBoro arpapHoro 3akoHa (lex Licinia de modo agrorum), Mpuxsatoro B 367 r. RO H. 3. H OTpaHNyHBaBilero pasMep WacTHEIX Bula- meHHii Maxcumymom B 500 rorepos!®, muieGei JImuHnui Croazon (crag- Whi NepBLIM KOHCYIOM H3 Ole6ees) 6bl1 ocyxKAeH Ha OCHOBaHHN cO6- CTBEHHOTO 3aKOHa Yepes HECKOAbKO JeT Mocse ero mpunatua (Liv., 7, 16, 9; Dion., 14, 12 (22); Vell., 2, 6, 3; Plut., Cam., 33, 5; Val. Max., 8, 6, 3). JIuBa (7, 16, 9) coodmaert, ¥to JInunHHi Baagaen 1000 Jore- POR H NbITaied OGOiTH 3a4KOH, SMaNCHNMpoBaB coOcTBeHHOrO CHINA. Camo OrpaHHYeHHe MAKCHMAAbHOrO PasSMCPa BOSMOMKHO'G 34NBaTAa o6uecTBeHHOH 3eMIM JeruTHMHpoBano occupatio. Ito kocBeHHOe NpH- BHaHHe possessio NPOMCXOAHT B TO BPeMA, Kora TOMMTHYeCKaH MOHO- NOAWA MaTpHuwaTa ye ytpasexa (ucTOUHMKH roBOpAT O NaxkeTe 3a- koxoB 367 1. 20 H. 9., KOTAa HapRay ¢ alpapHbIM 3aKOHOM GH0 3aKO- HOLATeIbHO YCTAHOBMEHO, YTO OAWH 13 KOHCYIOB omKeH GLa Henpe- MeHHO H36HpaTbca H3 MwieGees)". DopmupoBanve MaTpHUMAaHCKO-nAe- 6elickoro HoOuanTera Npeanonaraer y MarepuanbHy10 6a3y rocnogcTBa aluTb! — OGmHpHEe BlazeHHA Ha ager publicus. 3axononateaLnoe ocopMicue UpHBHJerke sHaTH B npeguecrByomlyio snoxy orpuyaer HMeHHO TOT (akT, YTO possessiones xapaxTepH3ylwTca Kak siniuria». > Beloch J. Das Italischen Bund B., 1928. $ 72. © Kornemann E. jonia//RE. Bd. 4 Col. 52; eae, So Lex Flaminia de agro gallico et piceno viritim dividendo/fAthenaeum 1919. P. 7: 7 Betoch J. Rémische Geschichte. B., 1926. S 169. ® Pesxan Onmoswiva cenata mmmuuaruse ‘aaunnnn (Cie, Cato maj., 11) mo- eT YkAIMBATb Ha SKOHOMMYECKHY UETepec HOGHAATeTa B OTHOWeHHK THX sémerb. Cm.: Bozza F. La possessio... P. 64. ‘s Orewectnenubth wnTaTen, conpeMenmmx nocTnepecrpoecHo# npusatnsanz, Upeactaput ceGe couMaMbHO-NOANTHMeCKYIo MpHPO_y Npoulecca Ayswe soboro sanaa- Koro chemmasuera, He cieayer, onWaKko. siaflaq B aHTHECTOpHaM, aaGbeaTs O MpHH- IPITHAISHOM CTaAHAsEHOM PasMnHR AByX cuTyauUAM: cA PHMCKHe OKKYTANTA Zef- CTBYIOT B YCAOBHAX MepHONAIAMLNOTO CTAHOBACHHA YaCTHOH cOOcTBCHMOCTH, To Ha- Ih — Kora YacTtaa co6cTBenHocTh yite npeomoreta B XONe TOTAABHOH coumantsa- Wix, O npHpoge peaapuoro connaanama cm.; Hepcecany B. C. Haut aytb x mpaBy: Or connaausMa K unBHanaMy, M., 1992. 10 OrpaHnuenue noronoBa cKOTa SakonoM JIamMHuA (B OTANMHE OT ycranonze- HHA semeyBHOTO MAKCHMyMa) CuHTaeTca MonepHusanuel. KputHxy ucTOUHHKOR cM.: Labruna L. Vim fieri veto: Alle radici di una ideologia. Napoli, 1970. P. 243 sqg. Cm. raxxe: Kysiwuun BH. Tenesuc RaGosmanemueceix aaTapynakih B Hram (ip. x0 na. — Tan. 3). M, 1976. C. t7. 11 Tibiletti G. Il possesso dell'ager publicus e le norme de mado agrorum sino ai Gracchi//Athenaeum. 1949, P. 29; Burdese A. Studi sull’ager publicus, P. 54 195IlneGelickan aruTauua no arpapHomy Bompocy orpaHu4HBasacy Tpe- Gopaniiem assignatio HenoAeAeHHEIX OOLIECTBEHHEIX 3EMEb B YacTHY!o codcrnennocth (Liv., 4, 51, 6 6, 5, 4) ocraerea B upaponOm ake kor@opmuoh upHuynuam ius civile. Orcyrersue npHTasaHHii Ha occu- patio ropoprit He TOADKO 06 OTCYTCTBHN SaKOMOAaTeApHOrO saKpenae- HUA COCAOBHON MpHBHAerHH NaTpAIHATAa, HO HO ee HEBOSMOAKHOCTH, Pacnpoctpanentoe B MpOlloM MueiHe 06 HcKmoUeHHH meGca ug Populus Kak mpHuHHe HezonyulenHa K ager publicus Bcrpetaet B 9TOM tpakre HenpeogoanMoe npensrerBue’?. Kouaugt 20m KeH PaccMaTPKBATECA He B SKOHOMHYCKOM TaHe— 6yATo y naebeen He GO CHA OCBOUTH OGUINPHBIe WeANHAbIe 3emMan!? (Taxax nocTaHoBKa Bonpoca a priori HCXOAHT 43 3KONOMHYeCKOM TIpH- POtb coctoBHoro AyaH3Ma), a B RpaBOBOM: TOADKO noMNTHYeCKaa MOHKONOJHA HATpHUHATA, YCTAHOBMCHHAA Nocme H3PHaHHA uapel, AOTY- cKaeT NPHMeHeHHe ApeBHell CXeMbE 3eMJeNOb30BaHHA, KOTOpaA C yc- TaHOBJCHHeM HapodHOrO CyBepeHHTeTa cTada CHHTaTACA HeTipaBomMep- roll. B wapeKyto anoxy 3aBoeRaHHle 3¢MAH He MOrAM paccmaTpHBaTECA kak ager publicus — B cmpcae upwnagsexHocra populus, Tak KaK Bce npunaqiexano uapwo'*, Hapany c 3eMaAMH, 3aXBaTeHHbIMu Boil. CKOM TOR PYKOBOACTROM ILapA, CYUlecTBOBaATH 3eMAN, oTBoeBalHple Y BParos OTpPAAAMY 3HaTH. Oru 3eMJI 10 NpaBy BOHHBI TIpHHa Ae xkKa- JH TaapaM apucroKpatateckux apyxku — principes'S. Tocyaapcer- BeHHOe PasMeKeBaHHe TAKHX 3CMEJb, SCTECTREHHO, He NPOH3BOTHOCh; Pa3Mep SEMACMOADZOBANUA ONpPeetAsicH MOTpeGHOCTAMH H BO3MOXx- HOCTHIO HX OOpadotat, (colere}. Sta cxeMa, BOCXOZAULAA K MpaKTHKE gaxpata y Bparon'’, ne BHUCHBadace B NapaaWTMy WIBHABHO! mpH- Ha AAeCKHOCTH. Tepman «publicus» mpeactapazser co6ol crpanitoe o6pasopanne: STHMOAOrHYeCKH OH He HMeeT HuNero Obwero c «populus»!?: npHaa- raTeabnoe oT B APHHUWHe JOMKHO sBy"UaTh Kak (8 was- Gomnuiel ctenean cura cHowM TO. 870 oTHAAN y Eparox), Popma Taaroaa yxaabipaer Ha TOPXKECTBEHNOCTS H NYGAHYHOCTD CHTYAaHH, B KOTOpyIO BNUCbIBacTCA «edico», — ). OgnaKo 3gecb Ke ynorpeGuen 1 TepMun ) Heperyanpyempli SaXBaT HACeIeHHLIX TeppHTOpAl, upeAMOUNTaA BugeTs B ager publi- cus macr6ume — ager compascuus®®. A. KapkonuHo noaaraa, uro pedb HAeT O pare MecTHHXx xKHTeTeH O6pabaTbIBaTh NYCTYWLULMe 3EM- “IM ¢ BhINAAaTOH “acTH ypoxas, a He 06 occupatio®’. B camom jeme, NIPOHSBOAbHbIi 3aXBaT He COfMacyeTcA Hii C BbINTATOM yacTH ypoxas, HH C YmpaBOMOYeHHeM CO CTOporbl rocyAapcTBa. ® Niebulr B. G. Rémische Geschichte. B, 1826 Bd 2. S 146 sqq, 694 sq 22 Weber M. Rémische Agratgeschichtc. Tibingen, 1801. S. 119. 2 Carcopine A. Histoire romaine P., 1913. Vol. 2. P, 149 sqq; De Regglero F. Ager publicus privatus// EGI. Vol. 1. P. 703. 198Bulnaata peHTb, nospo6Ho onucasHas AnmuaHom, ne nosBomAeT +BHAeTh B ONMCARHOM pexkuMe ager occupatorius, KoropE, cornacHo ONWCaHHAM PHMCKHX 3eMaeMepoB, OTIHYAeTCA HeoNpeAeneHHOCTHIO rpawuu — ager arcifinalis (Front., 6, 1 La; Sic. Fl, 138, 5 La). aa yetanopsenna pent (vectigal) tpe6osaioch cnennambHoe pasmexKe- Bane nose (per sirigas et scamna: Hyg., 204 La; Front., 4 La) © 3aHeCeHHeEM B KHHTH WeHsopos (tabulae censoriae: Plin., NH., 18, 3, 11) Han rpapyposka Ha MeJHEIX MOcKax PopMbI MexeBalHa, KOTOpHIE OTUPaBAAAMCh B rocysapcTBeHHwA apxup (Gran. Licin., 9: «) Ho BosBexenny py6exeh Memay coceRH- MU BaaxeHHaMH («fines inter se dividebant>). Taapueiimee usaome- Hie CORepHIeHHO CHUMAeT PasaHUne MEXKAY cocemAMA B MexKYHApOT- HOM H YacTIOM CMbicae, a Hgen no6ean (victoria) mpnuuMaet 61ITO- Boil cénica: «..quod vicini urbium seu possessores... praesumptione certaminis cum de locis adversum se repugnantes agerent, quo usque pulsi vel cederent vel rectitissent, victoriae terminus fieret» (no- CKOMDKY COCEAM H3 TOPOLOB HAH BAAQeMUBL... KOrLa NA YUPeKACHUA ¢nopos pean pasGupaTeapcrso o6 yracrKax MpoTHB Tex, KTO HM Apo- THBHACA, Tpanwila nobeqL ycTanaBsNBata, yO KaKOTO Mecra NpoHT- P. 2 Weber M. Op ci. 5. 20 sag; Bozza F. La posses 34 sq. el cad, Torino, 1931-1932. 25 Zankan L. Sul possesso delPager publicus//At Vol 67. P. 73, 199PaBllHe 2OI2KHEI YCTYHUTE HAH BepHyTb). PesysibraT noGeaw Ha Apy- THMH MIpereuseuTaMH UXCHpOBasca NYTeM BOsBeAeHHa HCKYCCTBEN- HEIX Wperpay BAOIb rpannl Blanenuh: «..fines vero his signis inter se dividebant, fossis manu factis, arboribus ante missus...9 (rpaHn- UbI Ke OHH paszeNATH MexXAY COGOH MOcpegCTBOM OCOOIX 3HaKOB, BHpbIBAd PB CaMat NepeBhA), — uroSsr OGecneauth ycro4yHBocTD M MPOAOMKUTeEALHOCTS CBOHX BAAZeHH («securae perpetuitatum pos- sessionis efficerent>), Ecan ¢ ato ToukH 3peHHa mpo4HTaty TeKcT OpourTnna, OKaxKeTCH, UTO HH OW, HH BappoH He ropopst o 3axnare noaelt y sparos-uyxesemues. Front., de agr. qual., 5, 6—6, 2 La (=2, 8—15 Th): Ager est arcifinius qui nulla mensura continetur. finitur se- cundum antiquam observatio- nem huminibus, fossis, monti- bus, viis, arboribus ante missis, aquarum divergiis, et si qua loca fante a] pos- sessore potuerunt optineri. nam ager arcifinius, sicut ait Varro, Ager arcifinius — sro noae, ua KOTOPOM HE MPOBOHAOCh HUKa- Koro pasMexesanns. Ero rpann- bt YCTavaBAHBaloTes, coracno Apesiemy 3aMeyaHHl0, nouBol, PBaMH, XOIMaMH, AOporaMH, BO- MopaasjedaMh, 4 TAKKe CCH Ka- KOC-TO MECTO CYMel 3anoAyynTh mpexHHit Baanenen. H60 «ager arcifinius», Kak rosopar Bap- POH, HasBaH Tak oT ycTpaHeHust ab arcendis hostibus est appel- Jatus: qui postea interventu li- tium, per ea loca quibus finit terminos accipere coepit, TIPOTHBHHKOB, ¢ TEM YTOGHI noc- we Toro, Kak cocrossoch pa3sGn- patembpeTBo, (noGequredb) cra Baherb STHM OAeM B YCTAHOB- AHHEIX PpanAMaX. «Ab arcendis hostibus> B sTOM paccyXAeHHW OTHOCKTCA K TpaHy- WaM MemAYy cocenHuMa BageHHaAMH BHyTpH territorium. MapectHo, 4TO CAOBO «hostiss 3 APeBHOCTH HMeAG 3HAYEHHE «<4yKeseMeU>, 2 HE €BOCHHBIi NpOTHBHNK>, Kak B KaXaccHueckol satnnu (Fest., p. 102: , YBRAUM, 4TO KOUTeKcT cyye6noro pa3sGupateactpa («inter- ventu litium») ye npeanonaraeT KOHTAaKTa Baaeibua c Nobex IeH- HHIM B BOHHe HACeweHHeM, Alpyrue arpumencopp cegyior sto we cxeMe: HauHHad pacckas © occupatio spaxecKoi seman Hapozom-noGegnresem (victor popu- lus), oH roBopaT 06 occupatio 3anoeBaHHOH SeMIM UACTHEIMH JMUAaMH MH gaTeM Mepexo_sT K QnHcaHMo Goph6n Mex AY YCTHEIMH B/aTetb- uamH. Hukxakoli Jornveckoli -pa3H Mexkay Mepsod nu Bropolt occupatio He mpocnexuBaercs. Ager arcifinalis 3 otawuve or ager divisus et adsignatus npegcrasaset co6ol oco6ni, npousBOaDHbli pexum 3eM- Aenoabsopanns — «qui nulla mensura conlineturs, wro HHKaK He CBAZaHO C MPOUCXOARTeHNeM STHX seMenb. Jipyroe Ha3Banne sTOrO 200Bua 3€Me@lb — «ager occupatorius» — HeceT B cede Nuelo YaCTHOT occupatio 1 mpeamoaaraer GoppGy c coceaAMH H3-3a HeOnpereaenHo- CTH FPaHHLl, NOCKOADKY Baker 3aXRATHIRAAM He CKONbKO MOTWJH, @ CKOIbKO Hageadkch oOpabotaTh —~ «in spem collendi». Paccyxne- nue Parua 06 dixerunt, intra quos fines iuris B mpedenax KoTOpoll yeraHapaH dicendi ius esset. deinde ut Badach HX ypucanKuna. Hocae quisque virtute colendi quid Toro Kak KTO-AH60 OKKYNHpoBa.t cecupavit, arcendo vicinum ar- Toue, 2KeaA ero BosgenbiaTh, cifinalem dixii. OH HasbiBan# ero , yetpanaa coceaa. Publicatio, Koropan ycraHasausagaa Ha saBoeBanibIx TeppnTo- puax ius iuris dicendi, oveBugHo, orpagHaach Ha CaoBax AnmuaHa 06 yipaboMovena Ha occupatio’®. Brezewne my6anaHoro KOHTpoan 3a BAAACAbILAMYW COOTBETCTBYCT OTCYTCTBHIO HELIX, YACTHONPABOBLIX KPH- TepHes peryAipoBaHHA OTHOWeHMA: RpaKTHKa HeOrpaHa4eHHorO 3a- XBaTa TPMBOAWa K TOMY, YTO BNaAeTel, He BCETMa MPHCYTCTROBAN Ha semae, o6paGarHnan ee. Cnophl o BaagqenuH — controversia agro- FumM — CTaHOBUAHCh HeH36e%KHbIMH. Bocerawopletuad TAKUM O6pagoM JlOTHKa paccyxkAeHHA arpHMen- COpoB, KoTOpaH BOCNPONSBOANTCA B PaSHHIX COUHHEHHAX, NoO3sBOAKeT WpeyMosarath aBTOPHTETHYIO TeKCTOBY!O OCHOBY, KOTOPOH He MOTAG CAYKHTh axe coummenue Pponrana (Koen I B. H. 9.), rae BOZBERE- Hue PBOB H ApeBecHbIX 3arpaxkzenuh onucweaeTcA Meliee NOTpPoOdio, yem Y KoMnuaatopa Arennna Yp6nka (III p. n. 9.), 1 crapHrca B OAHH PAA C ecrecTBeEHULIMH rpaHHuamMu yuacTKop. Annuan (cep. II B. H. 9.) NOAbZOBAICA NepeckasoM 9TOrO MpennoNaraeMoro opurunadbHore TeKcTa, ye HCHOPYeHHHM ZonoAHeHHAMH o victor populus, npex- cTABAeRHBIMH B COUKHeHHAX Turnna u Cuxyna @aaka (nau. If B. H. 9.). O6peznHHB gel occupatio c vectigal, on nocTynHa He Soree HerpaMOTHO, ¥eM arpuMeHcOpbl, cnyTaBlHe saBoeBaune c occupatio. 22 Bosmoana sasucnmocth AnnuaHa or MHexia @pontava. CM: Bozza F. La possessio, P 40. 201Publicatio, koropas ompenetana mny6aWuHblii craTyc STHX 3eMéJb H NO3BOAAAA ALMNHUCTPATUBHOR BAAcTH peryanpoRaTE KONPAUKTEL MEXK- Ay possessores, NpescTtaeT B TeKcTe Annnana coonirnem, CBA3DIBAIO~ Lim 3aBoeBaHHe C YACTHOM occupatio, H OKagbIBaeTCH 3nech Ha CBOeEM Mecie, Pacnpoctpanenie sopuccukusH PuMcKoro wapoga Ha TeppHTOpHH, OTHATHIC Y BparoB, He HMedO CMBICa B OTHOWEHIN GpowleHHbIx W Ty- etTymux semeab. Publicatio jemaia nosMOKHEM HSbATHE 3axBayeH- HBX BAaLeHuH Y OKKYTATOB, HO Hpexe BCero CAYKUNA ycTanoBse- HHIO AXMMHMCTPaTHBHOTO KOHTPOAA 3a TeppATOPHell, NosBOARA Mpece- Kate CAMOYNMpaBcTeo H HACHMDCTBEHHBIe KOHDAHKTL MeXKAY possesso- Tes § 2. Ager publicus privatusque H hpexen nyGaAWyHoro MpHSHaHHA BAACTH HWA Ha Belle B caere npeasoxentoro pewerns packphRaeTca CMBICH BEIpaKe- Hua cager publicus privatusques, KoTOpoe antuksap Beppu Onakk (I 8. 20.4. 9.) IpiMenser K BNaneHHaAM Ha ager publicus (ep.: Isid., Orig., 15, 13, 3). Fest., p. 277 L: Possessiones appellantur agri late patentes publici privatique, qui non {mancipatione] , sed usu tenebantur, et ut quisque occupaverat, [colli- debat] . JepRanve KOTOpHX ocyiecTBAA- WOCb He B ILMBHABHOM, HO B cbak- THYECKOM PeXKHMC, H KarkAbE Bua TEM, YTO 8aXBaTHM, Stor TekcT noMOKeH B OCHOBY KONIENMEN, CormacHo KOTOpOH Baa- Jeune gaxpauen#eimu yaactKami Ha ager publicus spaaerca ApeBHelt- wef dopmMoll pumcKoli possessio’’. B caMom eae, 3nech MOHATHE pos- Séssio YBASHIBACTCA C STO CXEMON NPUAaaAeKHOCTH Ha YpOBHe onpe- aeaewna. K coxaacHwio, HONLITKH H3BLeND 43 Aatoro TeKcTa HINpop- MALHIO O pexXHMe BAageHuA Ha ager publicus HetL3a Ipu3sHaTe yaay- nomi. OuesnaHo, yto Beppnii @aakk ue Mor ynoTpeGuTh TepMHH « KaK <«M101b30Ba- Hess, BO BTGPOM HaAO BHAeTS B ), Niebuhr B. G, Rémische Geschichte. Bd. 2. S. 108; Schwegler A, Rémische Geschichte. Bd. 2. S. 401; Marquardt J. Rémische Staatsverwaltung. Bd, 1, S. 100. Anm. 3; Dernburg H. Entwicklung und Begriff des iuristischen Besitzes des RO- nischen Rechts. Halle, 1883. S. 18 sq, Weber H. Op. cit. S. 78. =} Bonjante P. Forme primitive ed evoluzione della proprieté romana//Scritti guiridie! yarii. Torino, 1926. Vol. 2. P, 82. 202