PROBLEM STATEMENT

Increased demand of water because of economic and industrial growth is leading to its scarcity, a major
challenge faced in developing countries. According to the United Nations Environmental Programme
(UNEP) report, 2/3 of the world population will face water scarcity by the year 2050. To overcome this
extreme challenge, various non-traditional water sources such as treated seawater/brackish water, treated
municipal wastewater, and treated/recycled industrial wastewater have been explored and considered
for at least agricultural and industrial utilization.

Amongst the industrial sector of Pakistan, Textile industry is considered as the backbone of Pakistan
economy with huge volume of textile production and exports. The textile industry wastewater is one of
the prime sources of severe pollution because of direct or indirect release of persistent carcinogenic dyes
into natural water ways. Hence textile wastewater specifically containing dyes must be treated either
before releasing into environment or for reusage. Such treatment will address both issues of pollution and
water shortage as treated water can be reused in industry.

With knowledge of heat and mass transfer operations, develop a favorable/reasonable solution for an
efficient, sustainable, and economical textile wastewater treatment technology, preferably employing the
concept of renewable energy resources.