Justine T.

Saldivar May 09, 2021

BSED-SCIENCE

Unit 3: ARCHIMEDE'S PRINCIPLE

Learning Activities
Test: Multiple Choice Directions: Encircle the letter of the correct answer. Answering the
questions effectively is a good indication of your grasp of the topics covered in this unit.
1. Why does a large, light object tend to float?
a. We don't know why it floats.
b. Because the force of gravity is large, and the buoyant force is small.
c. Because the force of gravity is small (the mass is small), and the buoyant force is large (the
displaced water is large).
d. Because the buoyant force is large (the displaced water is large).
e. Because the force of gravity is small (the mass is small).
2. What is density?
a. A measure of how compact the mass in a substance or object is -- high density means not
very compact.
b. None of the other answers are correct.
c. A measure of how much an object weighs on a scale -- high density means it weighs a lot.
d. A measure of how compact the mass in a substance or object is -- high density means highly
compact.
e. A measure of how much an object weighs on a scale -- high density means it weighs little.
3. Archimedes' principle states that the buoyant force on an object is equal to ______.
a. None of the answers is correct.
b. The mass of the fluid displaced
c. The weight of the fluid displaced
d. The volume of the liquid displaced
4. Displacement of water refers to _____.
a. how compact something is
b. a giant megaship
c. the ability of an object to float on air or water
d. how much water an object pushes out of the way
5. What is buoyancy?
a. The ability or tendency of an object to fly through the air.
b. The ability or tendency of an object to sink in a gas.
c. The ability or tendency of an object to sink in a fluid; a liquid or a gas.
d. The ability or tendency of an object to float in a gas.
e. The ability or tendency of an object to float in a fluid; a liquid or a gas.
6. What is the basic equation for density?
a. Volume multiplied by mass.
b. Volume divided by mass.
c. Mass divided by volume.
d. None of the other answers are correct.
e. Volume squared multiplied by mass.
7. If a boat is heavier than the water it displaces, what will happen?
a. It will break apart.
b. None of these answers are correct
c. It will float.
d. It will sink.
8. An object has a mass of 20 kilograms, and a force of gravity of approximately 200 newtons
on dry land. If that object is placed in water, what will the force of gravity on the object be?
a. 400 newtons.
b. -800 newtons.
c. More information is needed to answer the question.
d. It's still 200 newtons - it doesn't change.
e. 100 newtons.
9. An object shaped like a cube is weighed and turns out to have a mass of 3 kilograms. You
measure one side of the cube, and it is 0.1 meters long. What is the density of the object? And
will the object float or sink?
a. 30 kilograms/meter cubed. Float.
b. 300 kilograms/meter cubed. Float.
c. 30 kilograms/meter cubed. Sink.
d. 3000 kilograms/meter cubed. Float.
e. 3000 kilograms/meter cubed. Sink.
10. What affects an object's ability to float?
a. water pressure & water displacement
b. shape
c. all of these answers are correct
d. density
11. How does the phrase 'just the tip of the iceberg' represent Archimedes' principle?
a. All answers are correct.
b. The huge volume of ice underwater displaces so much water that the ice floats.
c. The buoyant force up on the ice is just enough to overcome the weight of the ice.
d. The ice is barely less dense than water, so very little sticks above the surface.
12. An object has a mass of 2 kilograms, and a volume of 4 meters cubed. What is the density
of the object?
a. 8 kilograms per meter cubed.
b. 4 kilograms per meter cubed.
c. 1 kilogram per meter cubed.
d. 2 kilograms per meter cubed.
e. 0.5 kilograms per meter cubed.
13. Which two forces determine whether an object sinks or floats?
a. The normal force and the buoyant force.
b. Gravity and the water force.
c. Gravity and the buoyant force.
d. Gravity and the normal force.
e. The magnetic force and the buoyant force.
14. What is buoyancy?
a. The ability of objects to float on air or water
b. how much water an object pushes out of the way
c. the compactness of molecules
d. a giant megaship
15. What act led to the formation of Archimedes' principle?
a. Sailing in a battleship
b. Floating in a fishing boat
c. Adding ice to a glass of water
d. Taking a bath
16. Which of these does NOT relate to density?
a. The reason an object sinks in water.
b. The reason some clouds are higher than others.
c. The reason for the motions of gases in the atmosphere (one material rising over another).
d. The reason diamond is so hard.
e. The reason an object floats in water.
17. Which of the following is a DENSE material?
a. Window glass.
b. Bamboo
c. Lead
d. Aluminum
e. Styrofoam
18. Density is _____.
a. a giant megaship
b. how compact something is
c. how much water an object pushes out of the way
d. the ability of an object to float on air or water
19. Imagine holding two bricks under water. Brick A is just beneath the surface of the water,
while brick B is at a greater depth. The force needed to hold brick B in place is _______ than
the force required to hold brick A in place.
a. Larger b. The same as c. Smaller
20. A 200-ton ship enters the lock of a canal. The fit between the sides of the lock and the ship
is tight so that the weight of the water left in the lock after it closes is much less than 200 tons.
Can the ship still float if the quantity of water left in the lock is much less than the ship's weight?
a. Yes, as long as the water gets up to the ship's waterline.
b. No, the ship touches bottom because it weighs more than the water in the lock.
21. When a hole is made in the side of a container holding water, water flows out and follows a
parabolic trajectory. If the container is dropped in free fall, the water flow
a. diminishes. b. stops altogether c. goes out in a straight line d. curves upward.
22. A container is filled with oil and fitted on both ends with pistons. The area of the left piston is
10 mm2; that of the right piston 10,000 mm2. What force must be exerted on the left piston to
keep the 10,000-N car on the right at the same height?
a. 10 N b. 100 N c. 10,000 N d. 106 N e. 108 N f. insufficient information
23. Two cups are filled to the same level with water. One of the two cups have ice cubes
floating in it. Which weighs more?
a. The cup without ice cubes
b. The cup with ice cubes
c. The two weigh the same
24. Two cups are filled to the same level with water. One of the two cups have ice cubes floating
in it. When the ice cubes melt, in which cup is the level of the water higher?
a. The cup without ice cubes
b. The cup with ice cubes
c. It is the same in both
25. Two cups are filled to the same level with water. One of the two cups have plastic balls
floating in it. If the density of the plastic balls is less than that of ice, which of the two cups
weighs more?
a. The cup without plastic balls
b. The cup with plastic balls
c. The two weigh the same.
26. A piece of lead is fastened on top of a large solid piece of Styrofoam that floats in a
container of water. Because of the weight of the lead, the water line is flush with the top surface
of the Styrofoam. If the piece of Styrofoam is turned upside down so that the piece of lead is
now suspended underneath it,
a. the arrangement sinks
b. the water line is below the top surface of the Styrofoam
c. the water line is still flush with the top surface of the Styrofoam.
27. A piece of lead is fastened on top of a large solid piece of Styrofoam that floats in a
container of water. Because of the weight of the lead, the water line is flush with the top surface
of the Styrofoam. If the piece of Styrofoam is turned upside down, so that the piece of lead is
now suspended underneath it, the water level in the container
a. Rises b. Drops c. remains the same
28. A piece of lead is fastened on top of a large solid piece of Styrofoam, and the combination
floats in a container of water. Suppose the lead becomes unfastened and sinks to the bottom of
the container. After the lead has sunk, the height of the water in the container will be
a. Higher
b. the same
c. lower
d. than it was before the combination separated
29. A boat carrying a large boulder is floating on a lake. The boulder is thrown overboard and
sinks. The water level in the lake (with respect to the shore)
a. Rises b. Drops c. remains the same
30. Consider an object that floats in water but sinks in oil. When the object floats in water, half of
it is submerged. If we slowly pour oil on top of the water so it completely covers the object, the
object
a. moves up b. stays in the same place c. moves down
31. Consider an object floating in a container of water. If the container is placed in an elevator
that accelerates upward,
a. more of the object is below water
b. less of the object is below water
c. there is no difference
32. Which weighs more?
a. a bathtub filled to the brim with water
b. the same bathtub brim full with water with a battleship floating in it
c. both weigh the same
33. A wooden cube of sides 10 cm each dipped in water. The up thrust of water would be
a. 20 N b. 12 N c. 10 N d. 15 N
34. The up thrust of water acting on a wooden cube of sides 10cm immersed completely in
water is
a. 5 N b. 10 N c. 3 N d. 2 N
35. The density of metal spoon when its weight in air is 0.48 N and in water is 0.42 N is
a. 1000 kg m-3 b. 4000 kg m-3 c. 6000 kg m-3 d. 8000 kg m-3
36. The up thrust of the body is equal to the
a. weight of liquid
b. mass of liquid
c. weight of liquid displaced
d. density of liquid
37. The weight of a metal bar in water is 0.42 N and in air is 0.48, its density would be
a. 8000 kg m-3 b. 5000 kg m-3 c. 6000 kg m-3 d. 7000 kg m-3
38. "Eureka" is Greek for:
a. Yippee! b. Look out! c. Hey you! d. I found it!
39. If the weight of the water displaced is the same as the weight of the object placed in the
water, the object will sink.
a. True b. False
40. The ship was able to float in the water because its weight was the same as the weight of the
water it displaced.
a. True b. False
41. What was the principle Archimedes discovered?
a. Principle of Volume
b. Principle of Density
c. Principle of Buoyancy
d. Principle of Gravity
42. What is buoyant force?
a. An upward force exerted by fluids on an object.
b. A downward force exerted by fluids on an object.
43. What does buoyant mean?
a. float b. push c. flying, yeah!!!!!! d. Sink
44. An empty water bottle floating on the water is an example of....
a. positive buoyancy b. negative buoyancy
45. A water bottle filled with stones and sinking in the water is an example of.......
a. positive buoyancy b. negative buoyancy
46. It pushes an ice cube to the top of a glass of water
a. buoyant force b. density c. a sinking object d. compressed air
47. What is the formula for density?
a. density = mass x volume
b. density = mass / volume
c. density = mass + volume
d. density = mas s – volume
48. This is a measurement of the amount of matter, or 'stuff', in an object or substance.
a. volume b. density c. mass d. length
49. Which liquid is the least dense?
a. oil b. water c. syrup d. plastic bottle
50. What happens when you heat a gas?
a. It gains mass.
b. It loses mass
c. It increases in volume.
d. It decreases in volume.
51. The density of water is 1g/cm³. A substance will float if its density is less than that of water.
Which of the following substance will float?

Substance Mass Volume

1 6g 3 cm3
2 8g 4 cm3
3 10 g 2 cm3
4 2g 4 cm3
a. substance 1
b. substance 2
c. substance 3
d. substance 4
52. What is volume?
a. the amount of space an object occupies
b. the amount of matter an object has
53. Which box has a higher density?
a. Box A
b. Box B
c. cannot be determined
d. they are the same
54. If two objects are made of the same substance and have the same mass, the shape of the
object determines whether or not it sinks or floats in a fluid.
a. True b. False
55. Hot air balloons float because hot air displaces cool air in the atmosphere.
a. True b. False
56. If the mass of an object is 6kg on earth. What would the mass be on the moon?
a. 6kg b. 0kg c. 1kg d. 13kg
57. Buoyancy is the tendency for objects to float in a fluid. We consider buoyancy the...
a. Un-gravity force
b. Anti-gravity force
c. Gravitational pull
d. Downwards pull on an object
58. True or False: Buoyancy is an upwards force measured in Newtons.
a. True b. False
59. Archimedes' Principle states that...
a. The buoyant force acting on an object equals the volume of the fluid displaced by the object.
b. The buoyant force acting on an object equals the weight (force of gravity) of the fluid
displaced by the object.
c. The buoyant force acting on an object will always be equal.
60. Which will result in positive buoyancy?
a. When the buoyant force is greater than the force of gravity
b. When the buoyant force is equal to the force of gravity
c. When the buoyant force is less than the force of gravity
61. How could you make plastic sink and steel float?
a. You can't
b. Change the shape and therefore surface area
c. Remove some mass
62. Water is the only fluid that can provide buoyancy.
a. True b. False
63. True or false... "mass" is the exact same thing as "weight"?
a. True b. False
64. Which of the following statements is true?
a. oil floats on water because oil is less dense than water
b. oil does not float on water because water is more dense
c. water floats on oil because water is less dense
65. Hot air is less dense than cold air.
a. True b. False
66. It has a weight of 15 N and a buoyant force of 18 N
a. sinking object b. floating object c. buoyed up object d. my grandmother
67. It has a weight of 10 N and a buoyant force of 10 N
a. density b. a sinking object c. a floating object d. a buoyed-up object
68. It can be decreased by making the shape hollow
a. mass b. density c. volume d. weight
69. It is pumped into a submarine’s ballast tank to decrease density
a. oil b. compressed air c. nitrogen d. water
70. If an object sinks in a fluid, _____.
a. the density of the fluid is greater than the density of the object
b. the density of the fluid is less than the density of the object
c. the density of the fluid is equal to the density of the object
d. density has nothing to do with whether an object sinks or floats, only which state of matter the
object is

Activity 4: Archimedes Principle Worksheet

Directions: Calculate and answer the following set of problems and questions being ask.
1. A 10-cm3 block of lead weighs 1.1 N. The lead is placed in a tank of water. One cm 3 of water
weighs 0.0098 N. What is the buoyant force on the block of lead?
Answers:
Given: weight of lead block = 1.1 N
Volume of block = 1m cm 3
To find: buoyant force on lead block
Solution:
The lead displaces 10 cm3 above water.
Buoyant force= weight of water displaced
10 cm3 of water x 0.0098 N/cm3= 0.098 N
2. A block of gold and a block of wood both have the same volume. If they are both submerged
in water, which has the higher buoyant force?
Answer:
If they are both submerged, they displace the same amount of fluid, therefore their
buoyant force is the same.
3. A 100-cm3 block of lead that weighs 11 N is carefully submerged in water. One cm 3 of water
weighs 0.0098 N.
a. What volume of water does the lead displace? Answer: 100 cm3
b. How much does that volume of water weigh? Answer: 0.0098 x 100= 0.98
c. What is the buoyant force on the lead? Answer: 0.98 N
d. Will the lead block sink or float in the water? Answer: sink
4. The same 100-cm3 lead block is carefully submerged in a container of mercury. One cm 3 of
mercury weighs 0.13 N.
a. What volume of mercury is displaced? Answer: 100 cm3
b. How much does that volume of mercury weigh? Answer: 0.13 x 100= 13 N
c. What is the buoyant force on the lead? Answer: 13 N
d. Will the lead block sink or float in the mercury? Answer: float
5. According to problems 3 and 4, does an object’s density have anything to do with whether or
not it will float in a particular liquid? Justify your answer.
Answer:
If an object is denser than the fluid it is placed in it will sink, if the object is less
dense than the fluid it will float.
6. Based on the table of densities, explain whether the object would float or sink in the following
situations:
a. A block of solid paraffin (wax) in molasses. Answer: float
b. A bar of gold in mercury. Answer: sink
c. A piece of platinum in gasoline. Answer: sink
d. A block of paraffin in gasoline. Answer: sink

Plate No. 3: Practice

Problems Directions: Solve the following problems and show complete and systematic
solutions for each problem. Use the space provided below. You may access the rubric in the
classwork through this link ________________.
1. A ball of mass 2 kg having diameter of 50 cm falls in the swimming pool.
Answer:
Given: mass of water, m = 2 kg
Diameter of ball, d = 0.5 m r = 0.25 m
Volume of sphere = 4343 ππ r3
= 4343 ππ 0.253
= 0.0208 m 3
Hence, the density is given by pp = MassVolumeMassVolume
= 2 kg0.0208m 32kg0.0208m3
 = 96 kg/m3
The force is given by F = mg. Hence buoyant force is
F = 2 KG x 9.8 m/s 2= 19.6 N
The Archimedes formula is given by F= pp g Vdisp
Hence the volume of displaced fluid is Vdisp = FpgFpg
= 19.696 x 9.819.696 x 9.8
= 0.0208 m 3
2. If a stone of mass 250 g is thrown in water. Calculate the buoyant force acting on it?
Answer:
Given: mass of stone m = 0.25 kg
The buoyant force is given by F = mg
= 0.25 x 9.8
= 2.45 N
Hence, 2.45 N of upward force is acting on the stone.
3. A rock of mass m, suspended by a rope, is completely immersed in a beaker of water that sits
on a scale. The beaker of water has mass mb. What weight does the scale measure? Is this
weight equal to, less than, or greater than the weight of the rock and beaker?
Answer:
The rock is subjected to the buoyancy force and the rope pull. The sum of the two
forces is equal to the gravity of the rock, and the force of the rock on the beaker is equal
to the buoyancy force (forces interact with each other). THEREFORE, THE WEIGHT IS
LESS THAN THE WEIGHT OF THE ROCK AND BEAKER.
4. One of the moons of Jupiter, Europa, is reported to have its surface covered by an ocean of
water which is 100 km deep. The outermost 8 km are frozen as ice. The radius of Europa is
approximately 1/4 the radius of the earth. Estimate the pressure at the bottom of Europa’s
ocean. (Note: there is some speculation that the combination of internal heat and water makes
the ocean of Europa the best candidate in the solar system outside the earth for organized life
to evolve.
Answer:

5. An object weighs 36 g in air and has a volume of 8.0 cm³. What will be its apparent weight
when immersed in water?
Answer:
 When immersed in water, the object is buoyed up by the mass of the water it
displaces, which of course is the mass of 8 cm 3 of water. Taking the density of water as
unity, the upward (buoyancy) force is just 8 g.
The apparent weight will be 36 g – 8 g = 28 g.
Thus the apparent weight when immersed in water is 28 g.
6. A balloon having a volume of 5.000 L is placed on a sensitive balance which registers a
weight of 2.833 g. What is the "true weight" of the balloon if the density of the air is 1.294 g L–1?
Answer:
The mass of air displaced by the balloon exerts a buoyancy force of
5.000 L / 1. 294 g L – 1 =3. 860 g.
The true weight of the balloon is this much greater than apparent weight
2.833 + 3.860 g = 6.69 g.
Thus, true weight of the balloon is 6.69 g.
7. A piece of metal weighs 9.25 g in air, 8.20 g in water, and 8.36 g when immersed in gasoline.
a) What is the density of the metal?
b) What is the density of the gasoline?
Answer:
When immersed in water, the metal object displaces
9.25 - 8.20 g = 1.05 g of water
Whose volume is
1.05 g / 1.00 g cm -3 = 1.05 cm3
The density of metal is thus,
9.25 g / 1.05 cm 3 = 8.81 g cm3
The metal object displaces
9.25 – 8.36 g = 0.89 g 0f gasoline
Whose density must therefore be
0.89 g / 1.05 cm 3 = 0.85 g cm3
Therefore,
a) The density of the metal is 8.81 g cm3.
b) The density of the gasoline is 0.85 g cm3.
8. A block of wood with the dimensions 0.12 by 0.34 by 0.43 cubic meters floats along a river
with the broadest face facing down. The wood is submerged to a height of 0.053 meters. What
is the mass of the piece of wood?
Answers:
Archimedes’ principle tells you that the weight of the water displaced is equal to the
buoyancy force:
Waterdisplaced = Fbouyancy
To keep the wood afloat, the buoyancy force must have the same magnitude as the force
of gravity on the block, so
Fbouyancy = mwoodg
The volume of water displaced is
Vwaterdisplaced = 0.053 m x 0.34 m x 0.43 m
= 0. 00775 m3
So the mass of water displaced is:
Mwaterdisplaced = pwatervwaterdisplaced
= 1 000 kg/m3 x 0.00775 m3
= 7.75 kg
Thus, the mass of the piece of wood is 7.75 kg.
9. You plunge a basketball beneath the surface of a swimming pool until half the volume of the
basketball is submerged. If the basketball has a radius of 12 centimeters, what is the buoyancy
force on the ball due to the water?
Answer:
The buoyancy force is the mass of the water displaced multiplied by the acceleration
due to gravity:
Fbouyancy = mwaterdisplacedg
The volume of water displaced is half the volume of the basketball:
Vwaterdisplaced = ½ vbasketball
= 1/2 4/3 πr3
= 2/3 πr3
Here, r = 12 cm. in meters, the radius is
1m
r = 12 cm x
100 cm
= 0.12 m
Using the equation for density, the mass of water displaced is:
mwaterdisplaced = pwatervwaterdisplaced.
The buoyancy force is:
Fbouyancy = mwaterdisplacedg
= p watervwaterdisplacedg
= p water x 2/3 πr3 x g
=1 000 kg/m 3 x 2/3 π (0.12 m)3 x 9.8 m/s2
= 35 N
Therefore, the buoyancy force on the ball due to the water is 35 N.
10. A 4,000-kilogram boat floats with one-third of its volume submerged. If two more people get
into the boat, each of whom weighs 690 newtons, what additional volume of water is displaced?
Answer:
The weight of the additional water displaced is equal to the combined weight of the
two extra people who got into the boat:
mwaterg = 2 x 690 N
= 1,380 N
The mass of the water displaced is then:
mwaterg = 1,380 N
1,380 N
mwater =
g
1,380 N
= 2
9.8 m/s
= 141 kg
Solve the equation for density for the volume of water displaced and use this result for
the mass of water displaced to find the answer:
mwater
pwater =
v water
mwater
vwater =
p water
141 kg
= 3
1,000 kg/m

= 0.14 m3
Thus, additional volume of water is displaced 0.14 m3.