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Dasar Perencanaan DFBK (rumus Tabel 11.3.1A hal 86, nilai Rd Tabel 11.3.1B hal 87)
• Zu ≤ n × Z’ × × × ×
Sambungan kayu seperti gambar di bawah ini • Zu ≤ n × Z × faktor koreksi
❑ Im : Z = ❑ Is : Z =
, × × , × ×
menggunakan kayu penyusun dengan berat jenis, G = 1. • Zu ≤ n × Z × Cm × Ct × Cg × C∆ × Ceg × Kf × ∅ × λ (Tabel 10.3.1) = ×
= ×
, × × , × ×
Apabila digunakan baut ½” (12,7 mm), rencanakan = ×
= ×
Data Sambungan = 13.335 N = 13.335 N
jumlah dan penempatan alat sambung baut. (Kombinasi • Diameter baut (D) = 12,7 mm × × ×
❑ II : Z =
pembebanan 1,4D) • Sudut sambungan (θ) = 0
( )
• Tebal kayu samping (𝑙 ) = 60mm k1 = ( )
• Tebal kayu utama (𝑙 ) = 60mm ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
• Kuat lentur baut (Fyb) = 310 N/mm2 (Tabel I1, hal.167) = ( )
• Berat jenis kayu (G) = 1 = 0,414
× × ×
• FesII = FemII = FeII (FeII, Tabel 11.3.3, hal 88) II : Z =
FesII = FemII = 70 × G = 70 × 1= 70 Mpa , × , × ×
= , ×
• Re = II = = 1 (keterangan hal.86, FemII & FesII lihat Tabel 11.3.3) =
, × , × ×
= 6.134,1 N
II , ×
• Rt = = = 1 (keterangan hal.86)
(rumus Tabel 11.3.1A hal 86, nilai Rd Tabel 11.3.1B hal 87) (rumus Tabel 11.3.1A hal 86, nilai Rd Tabel 11.3.1B hal 87)
❑ IIIm : Z =
× × × • CM = 1 (kering udara, Tabel 10.3.3)
( )
• Ct = 1 (T ≤ 38o C, Tabel 10.3.4)
k2 = -1 + 2 1 + 𝑅 + • Cg = Dihitung
❑ IV : Z =
( ) • C∆ = Dihitung
× × ( , )
= -1 + 2 1 + 1 + × × =
( , ) × × • Ceg = 0,67 (Sub bab 11.5.2.2)
= 1,096
, × ( )
• KF = 3,32 (Tabel 10.3.1)
IIIm : Z =
× × ×
❑ IIIs : Z =
× × ×
=
( , ) × ×
• ∅ = 0,65 (Tabel 10.3.1)
( ) ( ) , × ( )
, × , × × = 4.286,735 N • λ = 0,6 ≫ 1,4D (Tabel N3)
= ( )
× , × K3 = -1 + +
, × , × ×
= = 6.089,6 N Menghitung Jumlah Baut (n) dengan Asumsi Cg = 1 dan 𝑪∆ = 1
( × )( , × ) ( ) × ( , )
= -1 + + × × Zu ≤ n × Z × Cm × Ct × Cg × C∆ × Ceg × Kf × ∅ × λ (Tabel 10.3.1)
= 1,096 ∴Moda kelelehan diambil yang nilainya paling kecil yaitu IV (Z=4.286,735 N) 35.000 ≤ n × 4.286,735 × 1 × 1 × 1 × 1 × 0,67 × 3,32 × 0,65 × 0,6
× × ×
IIIs : Z = .
n ≥
, × , × × . ,
= , × n ≥ 9,4 ~ n = 10
, × , × ×
= = 6.089,6 N
( , × )
C∆ = 1,0 → h1 = 5D + Spasi + 5D (ketentuan 𝐶∆ Tabel 11.5.1A hal 94 dan Tabel 11.5.1D hal 96) • 𝛾 = 246(D)1,5 N/mm (tipe pasak sambungan kayu-ke-kayu,Sub Bab 10.3.6.1)
= 5D + 1,5D + 5D = 246 (12,7)1,5 = 11.133,73 N/mm
= 11,5D = 11,5 × 12,7 = 146,05 > 120 mm
C∆ = 0,5 → h1 = 2,5D + Spasi + 2,5D (ketentuan 𝐶∆ Tabel 11.5.1A hal 94 dan Tabel 11.5.1D hal 96) • S = 4D (Spasi, Tabel 11.5.1E)
= 2,5D + 1,5D + 2,5D = 4 × 12,7 = 50,8 mm
= 6,5D = 6,5 × 12,7 = 82,55 < 120 mm
• Em . A m = 16000 × 1 0,7× 60 × 120 = 115.200.000 N
• Es . As = 16000 × 1 0,7× 60 × 120 = 115.200.000 N
-Spasi minimal 1,5D , diambil 2D (Tabel 11.5.1D hal 96)
( × , )
Jarak tepi : = = 47,3 𝑚𝑚 • u =1+𝛾 +
. .
-Jarak antar baut dalam 1 baris = 4D = 50,8 mm (Tabel 11.5.1B hal 96) = 1 + 111.33,73
,
+
. . . .
, , = 1,0049
C∆ = = = = 𝟎, 𝟕𝟒
∆ , ( × , )
. .
(ketentuan Sub Bab 11.5.1.2 (a) hal. 94) • REA =
.
atau
.
= 1,0
C∆ koefisien = 1 0 ≤ C∆ ≤ 1
• m =u– u −1
= 1,0049 – 1,0049 − 1
= 0,906
Zu ≤ n × Z × Cm × Ct × Cg × C∆ × Ceg × Kf × ∅ × λ (Tabel 10.3.1)
• n = 5 (jumlah pengencang dalam satu baris) 35.000 ≤ 10 × 4.286,735 × 1 × 1 × 0,82 × 0,74 × 0,67 × 3,32 × 0,65 × 0,6
35.000 N ≤ 22.565,746 N (Tidak Ok!!)
( )
Cg = (Sub Bab 10.3.6.)
. ( )
, ( ( , ) × ) Karena tidak OK, maka jumlah baut ditambah. Asumsi jumlah baut
Cg =
( , ) ( , ) ( , ) × , ditambah menjadi 14 baut
= 0,821018181 ~ 0,82
PR PEMBAHASAN NO 1
MENGHITUNG TAHANAN LATERAL ACUAN SATU BAUT (Z)
Dasar Perencanaan DFBK
• Zu ≤ n × Z’
Sambungan kayu seperti gambar di bawah ini • Zu ≤ n × Z × faktor koreksi
• n = 7 (jumlah pengencang dalam satu baris)
menggunakan kayu penyusun dengan berat jenis, G = 1,2. • Zu ≤ n × Z × Cm × Ct × Cg × C∆ × Ceg × Kf × ∅ × λ (Tabel 10.3.1)
Cg =
( )
(Sub Bab 10.3.6.)
Apabila digunakan baut ½” (12,7 mm), rencanakan Data Sambungan
. ( )
, ( ( , ) × )
jumlah dan penempatan alat sambung baut. (Kombinasi • Diameter baut (D) = 12,7 mm
Cg = ( , ) × ( , ) ( , ) × , pembebanan 1,4D) • Sudut sambungan (θ) = 0
= 0,9055360588 ~ 0,91 • Tebal kayu samping (𝑙 ) = 60mm
SOAL 1
• Tebal kayu utama (𝑙 ) = 80mm
Checking : • Kuat lentur baut (Fyb) = 310 N/mm2 (Tabel I1, hal.167)
8/12
Zu ≤ n × Z × Cm × Ct × Cg × C∆ × Ceg × Kf × ∅ × λ (Tabel 10.3.1) • Berat jenis kayu (G) = 1,2
• FesII = FemII = FeII (FeII, Tabel 11.3.3, hal 88)
35.000 ≤ 14 × 4.286,735 × 1 × 1 × 0,91 × 0,74 × 0,67 × 3,32 × 0,65 × 0,6 SOAL 2
FesII = FemII = 70 × G = 70 × 1,2 = 84 Mpa
35.000 N ≤ 35.059,464N (Ok!!) 2 X (6/12) 8/12 • Re = II = = 1 (keterangan hal.86, FemII & FesII lihat Tabel 11.3.3)
II
• Rt = = = 1,333 (keterangan hal.86)
(rumus Tabel 11.3.1A hal 86, nilai Rd Tabel 11.3.1B hal 87) (rumus Tabel 11.3.1A hal 86, nilai Rd Tabel 11.3.1B hal 87) (rumus Tabel 11.3.1A hal 86, nilai Rd Tabel 11.3.1B hal 87)
× × ×
❑ Im : Z =
× ×
❑ Is : Z =
× × ❑ IIIm : Z = ( )
, × × , × ×
= ×
= × k2 = -1 + 2 1 + 𝑅 +
, × × , × × ❑ IV : Z =
( )
= ×
= × × × ( , )
= -1 + 2 1 + 1 + ( , ) × ×
= 21.336 N = 16.002 N × × =
, × ( )
× × × = 1,046
❑ II : Z = × × × × × × ( , ) × ×
IIIm : Z = ❑ IIIs : Z = =
( ) ( ) , × ( )
( ) , × , × ×
k1 = = ( ) = 4.695,884 N
( ) × , × K3 = -1 + +
, × , × ×
=
( ) , ( , ) ( , ) ( ) ( , ) = = 6.974,205 N
( × )( , × ) ( ) × ( , )
( ) = -1 + +
= 0,492 × ×
× × × = 1,081 ∴Moda kelelehan diambil yang nilainya paling kecil yaitu IV (Z=4.695,884 N)
II : Z = × × ×
, × , × ×
IIIs : Z =
= , × , × , × ×
, × , × ×
=
, ×
= , ×
= 8.747,76 N , × , × ×
= ( , × )
= 7.207,568 N
• CM = 1 (kering udara, Tabel 10.3.3) C∆ = 1,0 → h1 = 5D + Spasi + 5D (ketentuan 𝐶∆ Tabel 11.5.1A hal 94 dan Tabel 11.5.1D hal 96) • 𝛾 = 246(D)1,5 N/mm (tipe pasak sambungan kayu-ke-kayu,Sub Bab 10.3.6.1)
• Ct = 1 (T ≤ 38o C, Tabel 10.3.4) = 5D + 1,5D + 5D = 246 (12,7)1,5 = 11.133,73 N/mm
• S = 4D (Spasi, Tabel 11.5.1E)
• Cg = Dihitung = 11,5D = 11,5 × 12,7 = 146,05 > 120 mm
= 4 × 12,7 = 50,8 mm
• C∆ = Dihitung C∆ = 0,5 → h1 = 2,5D + Spasi + 2,5D (ketentuan 𝐶∆ Tabel 11.5.1A hal 94 dan Tabel 11.5.1D hal 96)
• Ceg = 0,67 (Sub bab 11.5.2.2) = 2,5D + 1,5D + 2,5D • Em . Am = 16000 × 1,20,7 × 80 × 120 = 174.509.103,7 N
• KF = 3,32 (Tabel 10.3.1) = 6,5D = 6,5 × 12,7 = 82,55 < 120 mm • Es . As = 16000 × 1,20,7 × 60 × 120 = 130.881.827,8 N
• ∅ = 0,65 (Tabel 10.3.1)
• λ = 0,6 ≫ 1,4D (Tabel N3) -Spasi minimal 1,5D (Tabel 11.5.1D hal 96) • u =1+𝛾 +
, ( , × , ) . .
Jarak tepi : = =50,475 mm = 1 + 111.33,73
,
+
Menghitung Jumlah Baut (n) dengan Asumsi Cg = 1 dan 𝑪∆ = 1 -Jarak antar baut dalam 1 baris = 4D = 50,8 mm (Tabel 11.5.1B hal 96) = 1,0038
. . , . . ,
• m =u– u −1
= 1,0038 – 1,0038 − 1
= 0,9165
Zu ≤ n × Z × Cm × Ct × Cg × C∆ × Ceg × Kf × ∅ × λ (Tabel 10.3.1)
• nbaris atas = 5 (jumlah pengencang dalam satu baris)
• nbaris bawah = 4 (jumlah pengencang dalam satu baris) 35.000 ≤ 9 × 4.695,884 × 1 × 1 × 0,8395 × 0,795 × 0,67 × 3,32 × 0,65 × 0,6
35.000 N ≤ 24.469,506 N (Tidak Ok!!)
( )
Cg = (Sub Bab 10.3.6.)
. ( )
, ( ( , ) × ) ,
Cg atas = ( , ) ( , ) ( , ) × ,
Karena tidak OK, maka jumlah baut ditambah. Asumsi jumlah baut
= 0,819 ditambah menjadi 15 baut
, ( ( , ) × ) ,
Cg bawah =
( , ) ( , ) ( , ) × ,
= 0,860
𝟎,𝟖𝟏𝟗 𝟎,𝟖𝟔𝟎
Cg rata-rata = = 0,8395
𝟐
PEMBAHASAN NO 2
MENGHITUNG TAHANAN LATERAL ACUAN SATU BAUT (Z)
Dasar Perencanaan DFBK
• nbaris atas = 8 (jumlah pengencang dalam satu baris) • Zu ≤ n × Z’
• nbaris bawah = 7 (jumlah pengencang dalam satu baris) • Zu ≤ n × Z × faktor koreksi
• Zu ≤ n × Z × Cm × Ct × Cg × C∆ × Ceg × Kf × ∅ × λ (Tabel 10.3.1)
( )
Cg = (Sub Bab 10.3.6.)
. ( ) Data Sambungan
, ( ( , ) × ) , • Diameter baut (D) = 12,7 mm
Cg atas = ( , ) ( , ) ( , ) × ,
• Sudut sambungan (θ) = 0
= 0,712
, ( ( , ) × ) , • Tebal kayu samping (𝑙 ) =60mm
Cg bawah = ( , ) ( , ) ( , ) × , • Tebal kayu utama (𝑙 ) = 80mm
= 0,745 • Kuat lentur baut (Fyb) = 310 N/mm2 (Tabel I1, hal.167)
𝟎,𝟕𝟏𝟐 𝟎,𝟕𝟒𝟓
Cg rata-rata = = 0,7285 • Berat jenis kayu (G) = 1,2
𝟐
• FesII = FemII = FeII (FeII, Tabel 11.3.3, hal 88)
Checking : FesII = FemII = 70 × G = 70 × 1,2 = 84 Mpa
Zu ≤ n × Z × Cm × Ct × Cg × C∆ × Ceg × Kf × ∅ × λ (Tabel 10.3.1)
• Re = II = = 1 (keterangan hal.86, FemII & FesII lihat Tabel 11.3.3)
35.000 ≤ 15× 4.698,884 × 1 × 1 × 0,7285 × 0,795 × 0,67 × 3,32 × 0,65 × 0,6 II
35.000 N ≤ 35.412,795 N (Ok!!) • Rt = = = 1,333 (keterangan hal.86)
(rumus Tabel 11.3.1A hal 86, nilai Rd Tabel 11.3.1B hal 87) (rumus Tabel 11.3.1A hal 86, nilai Rd Tabel 11.3.1B hal 87)
• CM = 1 (kering udara, Tabel 10.3.3)
× × × ×
❑ Im : Z = ❑ Is : Z = • Ct = 1 (T ≤ 38o C, Tabel 10.3.4)
=
, × ×
=
× , × × • Cg = Dihitung
× × ❑ IV : Z =
, × × × , × ×
( ) • C∆ = Dihitung
= = ( , ) × × • Ceg = 0,67 (Sub bab 11.5.2.2)
× × =
= 21.336 N = 32.004 N , × ( )
• KF = 3,32 (Tabel 10.3.1)
❑ IIIs : Z =
× × ×
=
( , ) × ×
• ∅ = 0,65 (Tabel 10.3.1)
( ) , × ( )
= 9.391,767 N • λ = 0,6 ≫ 1,4D (Tabel N3)
( )
K3 = -1 + +
( ) × ( , ) Menghitung Jumlah Baut (n) dengan Asumsi Cg = 1 dan 𝑪∆ = 1
= -1 + + × × Zu ≤ n × Z × Cm × Ct × Cg × C∆ × Ceg × Kf × ∅ × λ (Tabel 10.3.1)
= 1,081 ∴Moda kelelehan diambil yang nilainya paling kecil yaitu IV (Z=9.391,767 N) 35.000 ≤ n × 9.391,767 × 1 × 1 × 1 × 1 × 0,67 × 3,32 × 0,65 × 0,6
× × ×
IIIs : Z = .
n ≥
× , × , × × . ,
=
, × n ≥ 4,30 ~ n = 5
× , × , × ×
= ( , × )
= 14.415,539 N
C∆ = 1,0 → h1 = 5D + Spasi + 5D (ketentuan 𝐶∆ Tabel 11.5.1A hal 94 dan Tabel 11.5.1D hal 96) • 𝛾 = 246(D)1,5 N/mm (tipe pasak sambungan kayu-ke-kayu,Sub Bab 10.3.6.1) • m =u– u −1
= 5D + 1,5D + 5D = 246 (12,7)1,5 = 11.133,73 N/mm
= 1,0027 – 1,0027 − 1
• S = 4D (Spasi, Tabel 11.5.1E)
= 11,5D = 11,5 × 12,7 = 146,05 > 120 mm = 0,929
= 4 × 12,7 = 50,8 mm
C∆ = 0,5 → h1 = 2,5D + Spasi + 2,5D (ketentuan 𝐶∆ Tabel 11.5.1A hal 94 dan Tabel 11.5.1D hal 96)
= 2,5D + 1,5D + 2,5D • Em . Am = 16000 × 1,20,7 × 80 × 120 = 174.509.103,7 N • nbaris atas = 3 (jumlah pengencang dalam satu baris)
= 6,5D = 6,5 × 12,7 = 82,55 < 120 mm • Es . As = 16000 × 1,20,7 × 120 × 120 = 262.241.342,4 N • nbaris bawah = 2 (jumlah pengencang dalam satu baris)
Karena tidak OK, maka jumlah baut ditambah. Asumsi jumlah baut Checking :
ditambah menjadi 6 baut Zu ≤ n × Z × Cm × Ct × Cg × C∆ × Ceg × Kf × ∅ × λ (Tabel 10.3.1)
35.000 ≤ 6× 9.391,767 × 1 × 1 × 0,914 × 0,795 × 0,67 × 3,32 × 0,65 × 0,6
35.000 N ≤ 35.521,344 N (Ok!!)
Suatu konstruksi ranga seperti tergambar. Kayu yang MENGHITUNG TAHANAN LATERAL ACUAN SATU BAUT (Z)
digunakan kode mutu E25, berat jenis, G = 1,0. Alat sambung Dasar Perencanaan DFBK
baut dengan diameter ¾’’(19,05 mm), kombinasi pembebanan • Zu ≤ n × Z’
• Zu ≤ n × Z × faktor koreksi
menggunakan beban tetap. Rencanakan sambungannya! • Zu ≤ n × Z × Cm × Ct × Cg × C∆ × Ceg × Kf × ∅ × λ (Tabel 10.3.1)
2 ton
Data Sambungan
• Diameter baut (D) = ¾’’ × 25,4 =19,05 mm
• Sudut sambungan (θ) = 90
60x100
• Tebal kayu samping (𝑙 ) =50mm
• Tebal kayu utama (𝑙 ) = 60mm
2x50x100 • Kuat lentur baut (Fyb) = 310 N/mm2 (Tabel I1, hal.167)
• Berat jenis kayu (G) = 1
• Rt = = = 1,2 (keterangan hal.86)
• FemII = FeII = 70 × G (Tabel 11.3.3, hal 88) (rumus Tabel 11.3.1A hal 86, nilai Rd Tabel 11.3.1B hal 87) (rumus Tabel 11.3.1A hal 86, nilai Rd Tabel 11.3.1B hal 87)
= 70 × 1 = 70 Mpa ❑ Im : Z =
× ×
❑ Is : Z =
× ×
, × × × , × × ,
, = = ❑ IV : Z =
× × ×
• Fes⊥ = =
, × ×
=
× , × × ,
( )
( , ) × ×
× , =
= 16.002 N = 16.149,066 N , × ( , )
= ,
= 42,386 Mpa ( , ) × ×
❑ IIIs : Z =
× × × =
( ) ( , )
( ) = 13.404,152 N
• Re = II = ,
= 1,651 (keterangan hal.86, FemII & FesII lihat Tabel 11.3.3) K3 = -1 + +
⊥I
( , ) × , ( , )
= -1 + +
• Rd = 4 𝐾 (ketentuan Rd hanya untuk Im dan Is Tabel 11.3.1B hal 87) , × ×
= 1,185 ∴ Moda kelelehan diambil yang nilainya paling kecil yaitu IIIs (Z=10.820,306 N)
= 4 × (1 + 0,25(𝜃/90)) × × ×
= 4 × (1,25 (90/90)) = 5 IIIs : Z =
• Rd = 3,2 𝐾 (ketentuan Rd hanya untuk IIIm, IIIs, dan IV, Tabel 11.3.1B hal 87) =
× , × , × ×
, ×
= 3,2 × (1 + 0,25(𝜃/90)) × , × , × ×
= = 10.820,306 N
= 3,2 × (1,25 (90/90)) = 4 , ×
• As = 2 × 50 × 100 = 10.000 N ( )
Cg = (Sub Bab 10.3.6.)
. ( )
, ( ( , ) × ) ,
• u =1+𝛾 .
+ . Cg atas = , , ( , ) ( , ) × ,
,
= 1 + 20.453,968 𝑥 + = 0,931
. . . .
= 1,006 Cg bawah =1
𝟎,𝟗𝟑𝟏 𝟏
Cg rata-rata = 𝟐 = 0,9655
Checking :
• Zu ≤ n × Z × Cm × Ct × Cg × C∆ × Ceg × Kf × ∅ × λ (Tabel 10.3.1)
20.000 ≤ 3 × 10.820,306 × 1 × 1 × 0,9655 × 0,96 × 0,67 × 3,32 × 0,65 × 0,6
20.000 N ≤ 26.101,28 N (Ok!!)