NUMERICAL ADJECTIVES

A numerical expression is a mathematical sentence involving numbers.

When a number is used as an adjective, it takes the singular form though the number denoted is more than one.
Example
1) a ten rupee note (right)
a ten rupees note (wrong)
2) a forty computer lab (right)
a forty computers lab (wrong)
3) a six foot person (right)
a six feet person (wrong)
4) a one hour movie (right)
an one hour movie (wrong)
5) a sixty year old object (right)
a sixty years old object (wrong)
6) 400 page book (right)
400 pages book (wrong)

Some More Examples

Numerical adjectives: 'an' should be used before 8 or eight. Plural form should be avoided.

Rewrite the following expressions in short form:

Pipes having an id of three inches. - a three inch id pipe.

An investment of Rs.3,50,000/ - a 3,50,000 lakh investment.
A DC supply of 240 volts. - a 240 volt DC supply.
A project of ten years. - a ten year project.
A civilization which is 2000 years old. - a 2000 year old civilization.

Give the numerical expressions for the following: (May/Jun 2009)

A budget estimate of five lakhs. - a five lakh budget estimate.
A project for 3 years. - a three year project.
A motor bike of 100 kilograms. - a 100 kilogram motor bike.
A journey of 2500 kilometers. - a 2500 kilometer journey.

Give the numerical expressions for the following: (Nov/Dec 2009)

A tank with a capacity of 1000 gallons. – a 1000 gallon capacity tank
A pipe with a length of 10 metres. - a 10 metre long pipe.
A walk of five miles. - a five mile walk.
A conference lasting three days. - a three day conference.

Give the numerical expressions for the following: (May/Jun 2010)

A motor bike weighing 150 kilograms. - a 150kg motor bike.
Tank with a capacity of 250 litres. - a 250 litre capacity tank.
DC supply of 240 volts. - a 240 volt DC supply.
A lamp of a power of 60 watts. - a 60 watt lamp.
A cricket match lasting three days. - a 3 day cricket match.

Give the numerical expressions for the following (Dec 2010)

a bottle with a capacity of 10 litres. - a 10 liter capacity bottle.
a tank with a capacity of 1000 gallons. - a 1000 gallon capacity tank.
a pipe with a length of 10metres. - a 10 metre long pipe.
a walk of five miles. - a 5 mile walk.
a conference lasting for three days. - a three day conference.

. Write the numerical expressions for the following:

1. a team consisting of three men
Eg. a three man team
2. a bulb with a power of 100 watts
3. a period of forty five minutes
4. a book of eighty pages.
5. a gathering of 250 students
6. a seminar of two days
7. a colony of 175 houses
8. a fleet of 3000 cars
9. a group of eight nations
10. a book of 200 pages
11. a workforce of 300 men
12. a building with 6 storeys
13. a company which is fifteen years old.
14. a lab with 50 system
15. an experiment conducted over ten years time
16. a book in six volumes
17. a travel of one day
18. a camp of eight days
19. an engine with 100 cc power.
20. a road of hundred feet.

II. Expand the following numerical adjectives:

1. Five year plan
2. Three year project
3. One year warranty
4. Three year old child
5. Thousand year old civilisation
6. century old building
7. One year course
8. 100 mark question paper
9. Twenty year old chair
10. Ten year policy

RELATIVE CLAUSES

A group of words which is a part of a sentence and which has a Subject and a Predicate is known as clause.
A clause is related to the main clause and so it is called a relative clause.

Relative clauses are of many types

i. Adverb clause
ii. Adjective clause
iii. Noun clause
All the above clauses make a complex sentence.

Adverb clause has many types

Adverb clause of place uses 'where' and 'wherever'.

Eg. You may take rest in the place wherever you feel comfortable.
You may take rest in the place → Main clause
wherever you feel comfortable. → relative clause or subordinate clause
Eg. This is the place where I used to sit and study in my college.
This is the place → Main clause
where I used to sit and study in my college. → adverb clause of place or relative clause

Adverb clause of time:

This kind of clause uses when, while, until, till, before, after etc.
Eg. When I was a ten old girl →Subordinate clause or adverb clause of time or relative clause
I thought empty spelt MT. → main clause
Eg. Make hay → Main clause
while the sun shines. → subordinate clause or relative clause or adverb clause of time
Eg. He has to take rest → Main clause
until he recovers fully well. → adverb clause of time ores relative clause or subordinate clause

Eg. Will you be able to wait → Main clause

till I return? → adverb clause of time or subordinate clause or relative clause

Eg. Look → Main clause

before you leap. → adverb clause of time or relative clause or subordinate clause

Eg. After he had entered the hall → Adverb clause of time

he saw his classmate. → main clause

Adverb clause of manners:

It answers the question 'how'.

Eg. He behaves → main clause
other expect him to behave. → adverb clause of manner.

Adverb clause of reason:

This kind of clause uses 'since', 'because', 'for' etc.

Eg. He forgave his friend → Main clause

since he repented for his mistake. → adverb clause of reason

Eg. I accompanied her → Main clause

because she was going alone. → adverb clause of reason

Eg.
The daughter paid money → Main clause
for mother's debit card is hotlisted. → adverb clause of reason

Adverb clause of condition:

It uses 'if', 'unless' 'had'

Eg. This is the place where I used to sit and study in my college.
If you save money → Main clause
you need not earn after 50 and you can follow your passion. → adverb clause of place or relative clause

Eg.
Unless you are vaccinated twice with Covishield or Covaxin → Adverb clause of condition
you will not be allowed to travel. → Main clause

Eg.
Had I been more hardworking → Adverb clause of condition
I would have won the first prize. → Main clause

Adverb clause of purpose: This kind of sentence uses 'so that'

Eg.
He switched off the lights → Main clause
so that the baby will sleep → adverb clause of purpose.

Adjective Clause
Adjective clause does the work of an adjective. It uses 'that' or 'who'
Noun Clause:
It answers the question 'what'. It uses 'that'
Eg.
He said → Main clause
that his betrothal was over. → noun clause or subordinate clause or relative clause.
He said 'what'
He said his betrothal was over.
Eg.
I expect → Main clause
that I will become the topper. → subordinate or relative clause or noun clause.

SPLIT CLAUSES:
If the subordinate clause is inside the main clause, it becomes a split clause.
Eg. The man who is kind is always reciprocated
.

I. Fill in the blanks with suitable relative clauses:

1) Do not go ------------
2) Fools rush in ------------
3) We will miss the train ------------
4) He is so busy ------------
5) One ------------ will ultimately be rewarded.
6) Nobody likes him ------------
7) I found the purse ------------
8) As you sow, ------------
9) Time that is lost ------------
10) He ------------ keeps the secrets well.

II. Combine the sentences using the appropriate connective:

1) Mary had a little lamb ------------ fleece was spotlessly white.

2) The house ------------ she built is a combination of traditional structure and modern amenities.
3) The dog ------------ barks always seldom bites.
4) You stay ------------ you are.
5) Don't postpone ------------ the last date nears.
6) The man ------------ is short-tempered is also helpful.
7) ------------ the cat is away, the mice will play.
8) He will never grant permission ------------ his work is incomplete.
9) He reported ------------ the purchase was over.
10) Water ------------ that is potable should be kept in closed container.

III. Combine the two sentences using a subordinating conjunction.

1) I saw the cobra. I ran away. (As soon as)

2) He is proud of his poverty. He is not spoiling the environment. (because)
3) We ran. We can board the train. (so that)
4) The passage is difficult. I could not attend comprehension questions well. (for)
5) I know the location. I went on foot. (since)
6) This is the place. I found the portrait. (where)
7) Your prayers will be answered. You will be happy. (when)
8) He replied. He would attend the function. (that)
9) Others speak. I normally believe. (when)
10) Participate. You will win. (unless/if)

IV. Combine the following sentences using appropriate relative pronouns/adverbs:

1) The man ---------- is honest is the noblest work of God.

2) A person ---------- has a tendency to steal is called kleptomaniac.
3) The moment ---------- is lost is lost forever.
4) The elephant ---------- I bought recently is from Kerala.
5) The sun ---------- rays give life to plants is worshipped as a God.
6) The middle aged man ---------- purse was stolen was none other than Steve Jobs.
7) This is the question ---------- baffled the thinkers.
8) This is the garden ---------- roses are grown.
9) ---------- there is a will, there is a way.
10) ---------- I come in person, speak to me.
11) A person interrupted ---------- the chief guest was speaking.
12) Play ---------- you play, read ---------- you read.
13) This is the reason ---------- I did not say.
14) This is the way ---------- he does.
15) The wisest man ---------- ever lived made mistakes.