Class 10: History: Ch 6 and 7

Mahatma Gandhi - Non-Cooperation Movement : causes (Khilafat Movement, Rowlatt Act, Jallianwala Bagh Tragedy), programme and suspension – Chauri Chaura
incident and impact of the Movement; the Civil Disobedience Movement: causes (reaction to the Simon Commission, Declaration of Poorna Swaraj at the Lahore Session
of 1929), Dandi March, programme and impact of the Movement, Gandhi-Irwin Pact and the Second Round Table Conference; the Quit India Movement: causes (failure
of the Cripps Mission, Japanese threat), Quit India Resolution and the significance of the Movement.

Non-Cooperation Movement

Year/Resolution Causes OBJECTIVE/AIM PROGRAMME End Impact

Shaheed Smarak

1920-1922 1. March 1919: Rowlatt
 Meaning of No- Act/Black Bill: gave the
cooperation: Not to government the power to
cooperate with evil arrest a person without
doer, ie, British govt warrant & imprison any
person without any trial for a
Non-cooperation period of two years.
Resolution adopted at: 6 April 1919 (National
Calcutta Session Humiliation Day)
September 1920. 2. 13 April 1919: Jallianwalla
Non-cooperation Bagh Massacre at Amritsar by
Resolution passed at: General Dyer
Nagpur Dec 1920 3. 1920: Khilafat Mvt: By
Muslims against injustice
done to Caliph of Turkey after
WW I
Started by: by Muhammad
Ali and Shaukat Ali [Ali
brothers].
1. DEMAND Boycott Programme: Withdrawn due 1. Mass base
FOR 1. Boycott:- Legislative to Chauri-Chaura 2. Undermined British
SWARAJ Council, govt incident power/Prestige
2. PUNISH FOR schools/colleges, Courts, 5 Feb 1922 3. Instilled confidence in
INJUSTICE: British goods people
AMRITSAR 2. Surrender Titles 4. Promotion of Social
3. RESTORE Swadeshi Programme Reforms
OLD STATUS (Constructive Programme): Swadeshi/charkh/khadi
OF SULTAN 1. Hindu-muslim unity Removal of untouchability
OF TURKEY 2. Remove 5. National Institutions
untouchability/take steps Jamia Milia & Kashi Vidya
for Harijan welfare Peeth
3. Promote swadeshi/Khadi 6. Popularised cult of ‘Swaraj’
4. Open National schools 7. Congress became a
5. Prohibit intoxicating revolutionary movement
drinks 8. Nationalism spread across
6. Upliftment of women India
 Civil Disobedience Movement

Year/ Causes PROGRAMME Suspended End Impact

Resolution Called off
in 1934

1930-1934 1. 1927 setup: Simon Commission 1930: FIRST ROUND TABLE THIRD 1. Mass Base
Passed at: Aim: to study the working of Montague Boycott Programme: CONFERENCE: FAILED ROUND 2. Political Awakening: patriotic
Dec 1929 Chelmsford Reforms in India and suggest 1. Boycott:- Legislative (BOYCOTTED BY Congress) TABLE fervor
Lahore changes. Council, govt CONFEREN 3. New methods: Prabhat
Indians opposed the Simon Commission schools/colleges, March 1931: Gandhi-Irwin CE: FAILED: Pheri,handwritten patrikas,
Meaning of because: No Indian member Courts, British goods Pact CONGRESS Vanar sena, Manjari sena
Civil 2. 1928: Nehru Report: Indians were not 2. Defiance of Salt Laws GANDHI/ VICEROY IRWIN DID NOT 4. Need for bold constitutional
Disobedienc united & cant make a constitution GANDHI AGREED PARTICIPAT reforms
e: Disobey acceptable to all. . In addition to above, 1. Attend Second Round E 5. Social Reforms
unjust Laws OBJECTIVE: DOMINION STATUS BEFORE also, Table Conference 1932 Depressed classes-enter
by British END OF 1929  Non payment of 2. Suspend Civil temples etc
Taxes & land revenue Disobedience 6. Harijan sewak sangh
3. Dec 1929: Lahore Session: Dominion  Violation of VICEROY AGREED: 7. Boycott: Improved Indian
OBJECTIVE/ status not granted by end of 1929- unjust British laws 1. Release Political economy
AIM: complete independence prisoners except those 8. Significance of Non-violence
POORNA 4. Jan 1930: Gandhi’s 11 Demands: to charged with violence and satyagraha for masses
SWARAJ correct injustice done to India 2. Permit people on 9. Women came out of their
5. March 1930: Gandhi’s letter to viceroy sea shores to make salt homes
6. 12 March 1930: Dandi March: after no 1931: LONDON: SECOND
response ROUND TABLE
CONFERENCE (Failed):
deadlocked over Minority
issue)
Gandhi returned and
restarted the movement
 QUIT INDIA MOVEMENT

Year/ Background Causes Impact

Resolution
Quit India 1. JULY 1937: ELECTIONS IN 11 1. Failure of Cripps Mission 1. Indepen
Resolution BRITISH PROVINCES Reasons for Cripps to come to India dence became
adopted by 2. SEPT 1939: WORLD WAR 2 7 Dec Pearl harbor attack: USA entered WW 2 main agenda
Congress in 3. NOVEMBER 1939: Japan moved fast 2. Depth
July 1942 CONGRESS MINISTRIES and in order to win, Indian support in the war was a must. of national
at Wardha. RESIGNED feeling of
Resolution 4. 22 DEC 1939: DAY OF Marching towards Assam (danger to India) sacrifice
passed at: DELIVERANCE by Muslim F. D. Roosevelt pressurised Winston Churchill: to solve Indian problem & end deadlock with 3. British
Bombay, 8 league congress & get Indian support in WW 2 realised they
August 5. 7 DEC 1941: JAPAN ATTACK cant rule in
1942 PEARL HARBOUR 2. Japanese threat to India India
6. 22 MARCH 1942: CRIPPS Cripps Proposals: 4. Mass
MISSION IN INDIA 1. An Indian Union with a dominion status. movement
OBJECTIVE/ 7. 9 AUG 1942: GANDHI 2. After the end of the war, a constituent assembly would be convened to frame a new
AIM: ARRESTED constitution. Members of this assembly would be partly elected by the provincial assemblies
Immediate through proportional representation and partly nominated by the princes.
independe 3. any province not willing to join the Union could have a separate constitution and form
nce a separate Union,
4. defence of India would remain in British hands
SLOGAN: Do Indian Response to Cripps Mission: REJECTED !!!
or die By Congress:
Gandhi: Post dated cheque on a failing bank.
1. The INC was against the provinces’ right to separately form unions as this was damaging to
national unity.
2. They also protested the lack of share in defence.
3. There was no concrete plan for the immediate transfer of power.
By Muslim League:
No provision for Pakistan
By Hindu Maha Sabha:
Danger of partition
By Sikhs, Anglo-Indians, Christians: no safeguard for their rights