EDU 534: Technology in Teaching
& Thomas Nagel
and Learning
Audio-visual - is defined as "training or
educational materials directed at both the senses of
hearing and the sense of sight, films, recordings,
photographs, etc. used in classroom instructions,
library collections or the likes".
PROPERTIES OF AUDIOVISUALS
1. Fixative Property (CapPreRe) - Capture,
preserve, & reconstruct and object or event.
2. Manipulative/Editing Property - Rearrange
elements to update, emphasize, & correct
3. Distributed Property - Present to many
audiences
DOMAINS OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY
(Des DUEM)
1. Design – Planning Stage, Anticipate issues,
Project solutions
2. Development – Production/Finalizing Stage
Prepare and Test out materials
3. Utilization – Application Stage
4. Evaluation – Asses/Appraise/Judge the
effectiveness of technology
5. Management – Establishing consistency in
following the first 4 domains
ADDIE Model
Analysis - In the analysis phase, the instructional
problem is clarified, the instructional goals and
objectives are established and the learning
environment and learner's existing knowledge and
skills are identified.
Design - The design phase deals with learning
objectives, assessment instruments, exercises,
content, subject matter analysis, lesson planning
and media selection. The design phase should be
systematic and specific.
Development - The development phase is where
instructional designers and developers create and
assemble the content assets that were blueprinted
in the design phase. In this phase, storyboards are
created, content is written and graphics are
designed. If e-learning is involved, programmers
work to develop and/or integrate technologies.
Implementation - a procedure for training the
facilitators and the learners is developed. The
facilitators' training should cover the course
curriculum, learning outcomes, methods of delivery,
and testing procedures.
PROPER USE OF MATERIAL by: Hayden Smith
1. Prepare yourself
2. Prepare your students
3. Present the material
4. Follow Up
PRINCIPLES IN THE SELECTION AND
UTILIZATION OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY
1. Meaningfulness – Must contribute to the growth
and development of learners.
2. Purpose - Focused on helping learners to
motivate them in the learning process.
3. Appropriateness - Should be appropriate to the
level intended in terms of vocabulary, difficulty of
concepts, methods of development, interest.
4. Breath - Should encompasses all around
development of varying group of learners.
5. Usefulness/Utility – Must be useful to a teacher
to deliver the subject matter as helping learners to
learn.
6. Communication Effectiveness - Clearly and
effectively.
7. Authenticity – Present accurate up to date.
8. Responsiveness – Responsive to the needs
and demands.
9. Portability/Handy – Easy to handle.
10. Correctness – Correct information for a better
learning process.
11. Simplicity – Simple but inspiring, creative and
motivating.
12. Assessment – Evaluating technology needed
for improvement.
13. Cost effectiveness -
FACTORS AFFECTING THE SELECTION OF
EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES
HUMAN FACTORS
1. LEARNERS FACTORS- Learners differences
that influence media choice. The individual
differences, attention span, numbers of learners,
physical disabilities of learners
2.TEACHERS FACTORS- Affect the success of
the media implementation.
GENERAL PRINCIPLES IN THE USE OF
INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS
1. Aids to instruction
2. Suits to your instructional objectives
3. Observes Variety
4. Functional
5S OF WORKPLACE
“I hear and I forget, I see and I remember, I do and
1. Sort – categories I understand.” - Confucius
2. Set in order – arrange
3. Shine – clean TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION MATRIX (TIM)
4. Standardized – make it rule
5. Sustain – observe consistency 5 CHARACTERISTICS 5 LEVELS

JEROME BRUNER’S COGNITIVE 1. Active 1. Entry

REPRESENTATION OF WORLD 2. Collaborative 2. Adoption
3. Constructive 3. Adaptation
1. Enactive Representation – movement; direct 4. Authentic 4. Infusion
participant 5. Goal-Directed 5. Transformation
2. Iconic Representation – images; observer
3. Symbolic Reorientation – thoughts; thinker LEVELS OF TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION
MATRIX
EDGAR DALE’S CONE OF EXPERIENCES
D Co D De FEEMS RW A. Who decides WHAT TO USE?
B. Who decides HOW TO USE?
ABSTRACT Verbal C. WHO WILL YOU?
Visual
Radio and recording 1. Entry
Still picture
● WHAT, HOW and WHO: Teacher
Motion pictures
Educational 2. ADOPTION
television ● WHAT and HOW: Teacher
Exhibits
Field trips ● WHO: Student
Demonstration 3. ADOPTATION
Contrived
experiences ● WHAT: Teacher
CONCRETE Direct purposeful
experiences ● HOW and WHO: Student
4. INFUSION
● WHAT, HOW and WHO: Student
IN 1960’s EDGAR DALE THEORIZED THAT
AFTER 2 WEEKS WE TEND TO REMEMBER 5. TRANSFORMATION
● The teacher encourages the innovate use of
technology tools to facilitate HO learning
activities that may not be possible without
the use of technology
● Eg. Using Tiktok as platform for education
SAMR MODEL by: Dr. Ruben Puentedura

● Four different degrees of classroom

technology integration
● On one end technology is used as one-to-
one replacement for traditional tools, and on
the other end technology enables
experiences that were previously impossible
without it.

TECHNOLOGY: BOON or BANE
GENERATIONS OF COMPUTERS
● First Generation (1940-1956): Vacuum
Tubes
● Second Generation (1956-1963):
Transistor
● Third Generation (1964-1971): Integrated
Circuits
● Fourth Generation (1971-Present):
Microprocessor
● Fifth Generation (Present and Beyond):
Artificial Intelligence
COMPUTER SYSTEM
⮚ Hardware – physical parts
⮚ Software – programs
⮚ Peopleware – human talent
HARDWARE COMPONENTS
INPUT DEVICES
● Mouse, Keyboard, Microphone, WebCam,
Scanners, Touch Pads, Stylus, Joysticks
OUTPUT DEVICES
● Monitor, Printers, Speakers
SOFTWARE COMPONENTS
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
● Is a computer program commonly used in
our everyday, life
● Examples: TikTok, fb, Instagram, Spotify,
ms word, candy crush, etc.
OPERATING SYSTEMS SOFTWARE
● Managers all application programs in a
computer
● Top five Oss includes: Apple macOS,
Microsoft Windows, Google’s Android O,
Linux Operating System, and Apple iOS
DATA PROCESSING
1. Motherboard – main circuit
2. Central Processing Unit – brain
3. Memory – hold space for data and instruction
MEMORY
● RAM (Random Access Memory) – can’t
hold data without power, temporary storage
● ROM (Read Only Memory) – can hold data
without power, permanent storage
BASIC TERMINOLOGIES
⮚ INTERNET – superhighway of information
⮚ WWW – world wide web
⮚ UNIFORM RESOURCE LOCATOR – a
location or address on the internet
⮚ E-MAIL – messages distributed by
electronic means
⮚ SEARCH DESIGN – a program that
research from a database
 Electronic Spreadsheets

DISTANCE EDUCATION
⮚ BROWSER – a computer program for ● This is a form of education in which the
navigating web pages main elements include physical separation
of teachers and students during instruction,
and the use of various technologies to
facilitate student-teacher and student-
student communication.
LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (LMS)
● An online integrated software

● Used for creating, delivering, tracking, and

reporting educational courses and
outcomes
● Can be used to support traditional face-to-
ROLES OF COMPUTERS AS A TOOL face instruction, blended/hybrid and
distance learning environments
1. Informative Tool
● Provides vast amounts of information in
various formats
● Image files, document files, video files,
presentation files, & audio files

2. Communicative Tool
MOOC
● Categories: Synchronous and
Asynchronous
● Coined by: Dave Cormier in 2008
3. Productivity Tool
● Design for Higher Education
● Allows manipulation of information and
● No tuition fees
visualizing one’s understanding
● 3 common examples ● Exposes top-level professors

● Allows global collaboration

Word Processing
Massive Open Online Course
There Anyone, Courses Its
may be anywhere, are program is
100, 000+ can delivered similar to
students register entirely most
enrolled. for these through online
Presentation Software
courses. the college
 internet. courses.
ROLES OF ICT IN 21ST CENTURY TEACHER
EDUCATION
1. training aid
2. allows collaboration
3. tool for preparation and feedback
4. links institutions
5. teaching-learning aid
6. promotes innovation
7. increases efficiency
8. Al booster
9. updates content
10. prepares preservice teachers for the future
ISSUES IN ICT
● Limited accessible and network connection
● Limited technical support
● Lack of effective training
● Lack of teacher’s competency
TECHNOLOGICAL PEDAGOGICAL CONTENT
KNOWLEDGE
Knowledge needed by a teacher for effective
technology integration suggests that teachers need
to have deep understanding of each component.
THREE MAJOR KNOWLEDGE COMPONENTS
1. Content knowledge (CK) – subject-matter
knowledge
2. Pedagogical knowledge (PK) – knowledge
about art of teaching
3. Technology knowledge (TK) – knowledge
about traditional and new technologies
DIGITAL LITERACY
It is about being able to make sense of digital
media. This occurs through meaningful and
sustainable consumption and curation patterns that
improve an individual’s potential to contribute to an
authentic community. This includes the ability to
analyze, prioritize, and act upon the countless
digital media 21st century encounters on a daily
basis.
FOUR PRINCIPLES OF DIGITAL LITERACY
1. Comprehension – extract implicit and explicit
ideas from media.
2. Interdependence – how media connects with
another.
3. Social Factors – sharing timely and relevant
information to networks
4. Curation – storing and organizing data in
accessible ways.
MEDIA LITERACY
Access, analyze, evaluate and create media in a
variety of forms
FOUR CORE CONCEPTS
1. All media messages are constructed.
2. Media messages are constructed using a
creative language with its own rules.
3. Different people experience the same media
message differently.
4. Media have embedded values and points of
view.
INFORMATION LITERACY
Recognize when information is needed locate,
evaluate, and use effectively the needed
information.
SEVEN KEY CONCEPTS OF DIGITAL
CITIZENSHIP
1. How the internet works
2. Understanding User Data
3. Practicing Digital Literacy
4. Acknowledging the digital divide
5. Practicing digital wellness
6. Securing digital devices
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
A law that helps protect creations of the mind that
include inventions, literary or artistic work, images,
symbols, etc.
1. Trademark – any name, symbol, figure, letter,
word, or mark.
For example: Adidas, Nike, and Converse
2. Trade Secrets – They are not public information.
Their secrecy provides an economic benefit to their
holder. Their secrecy is actively protected.
3. Copyright – a normal declaration that the owner
is the only one with the right to publish, reproduce,
or sell a particular artistic work.
4. Patient – granted to an inventor by the federal
government that permits the inventor to exclude
others from making, selling, or using the invention
for a period of time.

CYBERBULLYING

1. Flaming – online fights using electronic

messages with angry and vulgar language.
2. Harassment – repeatedly sending nasty, mean,
and insulting messages.
3. Denigration – “dissing” someone online. Sending
or posting gossip or rumors about a person to
damage his or her reputation or friendships.
4. Impersonation – pretending to be someone else
by sending or posting material to get that person in
trouble or danger or to damage that person’s
reputation or friendships.
5. Outing – sharing someone’s secrets or
embarrassing information or images online.
6. Trickey – talking someone into revealing secrets
or embarrassing information, then sharing it online
7. Exclusion – intentionally and cruelly excluding
someone
8. Cyberstalking – repeated, intense harassment
and denigration.