FM-AA-CIA-15 Rev.

0 10-July-2020

Study Guide in Mathematics in the Modern World Module No._4_

STUDY GUIDE FOR MODULE NO. ___

4

SECTION II. MATHEMATICS AS A TOOL

. DATA MANGEMENT
Lesson 1 : Measure of Central Tendency
Lesson 2: Measures of Dispersion
Lesson 3: Measures of Relative Position
Lesson 4: Normal Distribution
Lesson 5 : Regression and Correlation

MODULE OVERVIEW

This module consist of five lessons : Measure of Central Tendency ,Measures of Dispersion,
Measures of Relative Position, ,Normal Distribution, and Regression and Correlation .Each lesson
was designed as a self-teaching guide. Definitions of terms and examples had been incorporated.
Answering the problems in “your turn” will check your progress. You may compare your answers to
the solutions provided at the later part of this module in that way you will be able to measure your
achievement and as well as the effectiveness of the module. Exercises for further understanding will
be given to you in a separate file.

MODULE LEARNING OBJECTIVES

At the end of the module, you should be able to:

 Use a variety of statistical tools to process and manage numerical data
 Use the methods of linear regression and correlations to predict the value of a variable given
certain conditions
 Advocate the use of statistical data in making important decisions

LEARNING CONTENTS (title of the subsection)

Lesson 1 : Measure of Central Tendency

LEARNING ACTIVITY 1

Face –to-face :
 Lectures
 Work with appropriate computer statistical software, like excel
 Class discussions
 Exercises

Remote Teaching:
Reading Assignments
Q&A
Study example 1 to 4 and answer Your Turn 1 to 4

LEARNING CONTENTS (title of the subsection)

Lesson 2: Measures of Dispersion

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Study Guide in Mathematics in the Modern World Module No._4_

LEARNING ACTIVITY 2

Face –to-face :
 Lectures
 Work with appropriate computer statistical software, like excel
 Class discussions
 Exercises

Remote Teaching:
Reading Assignments
Q&A
Study example 1 to 3 and answer your turn 1 to 3
.

LEARNING CONTENTS (title of the subsection)

Lesson 3: Measures of Relative Position

LEARNING ACTIVITY 3
.
Face –to-face :
 Lectures
 Work with appropriate computer statistical software, like excel
 Class discussions
 Exercises

Remote Teaching:
Reading Assignments
Q&A
Study example 1 to 3 and answer your turn 1 to 3

LEARNING CONTENTS (title of the subsection)

Lesson 4: Normal Distribution

LEARNING ACTIVITY 4
.
Face –to-face :
 Lectures
 Work with appropriate computer statistical software, like excel
 Class discussions
 Exercises

Remote Teaching:
Reading Assignments
Q&A
Study example e 1 to 5 and answer your turn 1 to 5

ARNING ACTIV

LEARNING CONTENTS (title of the subsection)

Lesson 5 : Regression and Correlation

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Study Guide in Mathematics in the Modern World Module No._4_

LEARNING ACTIVITY 5
.
Face –to-face :
 Lectures
 Work with appropriate computer statistical software, like excel
 Class discussions
 Exercises

Remote Teaching:
Reading Assignments
Q&A
Study example 1 to 2 and answer your turn 1 to 2

SUMMARY

The following tables summarizes essential concepts in this module.

Lesson 1 : Measure of Central Tendency

A measure of central tendency is a summary See example 1 to 4 and answer Your Turn 1 to 4
measure that attempts to describe a whole set of
data with a single value that represents the
middle or center of data set. Most commonly
used measures of central tendency or type of
averages are arithmetic mean, median and
mode.

Lesson 1 : Measures of Dispersion

Measures of dispersion are important for See example 1 to 4and answer your turn 1 to 4
describing the spread of the data, or its variation
around a central value. . To measure the spread
or dispersion of data, we must compute for
statistical values known as the range, mean
deviation, standard deviation, and the variance.

Lesson 3: Measures of Relative Position

The measures of relative position of a given See example 1 to 3 and answer your turn 1 to 3
value shows where the value stands in relation
position of a given value shows where the value
stands in relation to other values in the same set
of data. The most common measures of relative
position are quartiles, deciles , percentiles ,
and standard scores .

Lesson 4: Normal Distribution

A frequency distribution displays a data set by See example 1 and answer Your Turn 1
dividing the data into, intervals , or classes , and
listing that number of data values that fall into

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Study Guide in Mathematics in the Modern World Module No._4_

each interval .
Large sets of data are often displayed using a
grouped frequency distribution or a histogram.
A normal distribution forms a bell-shaped See example 2 and answer Your Turn 2 .
curve that is symmetric about a vertical line
through the mean of the data.
Empirical Rule for a Normal Distribution See example 3 to 5 and answer Your Turn 3 to 5 .

In a normal distribution, approximately

 68% of the data lie within 1 standard

deviation of the mean.
 95% of the data lie within 2 standard
deviations of the mean.
 99.7% of the data lie within 3 standard
deviations of the mean. Ans

Lesson 5 : Regression and Correlation

Correlation is a degree of relationship between See example 1 and answer Your Turn 1
variables, which seeks to determine how well a
linear or other equation describes or explains
the relationship between variables. It also
implies “association” between two variables
Regression is a term used to describe the See example 2 and answer Your Turn 2 .
process of estimating the relationship between
two variables. The relationship is estimated by
fitting a straight line through the given data.
The method of least squares permits us to find a
line of best fit called regression line which
keeps the errors of prediction to a minimum.

REFERENCES

 Blay et. all, Mathematical Trips in the Modern World Outcomes-Based Approach
 Nocon et. al , Essential Mathematics for the Modern World
 Baltazar et. al, Mathematics in the Modern World
 Aufman,Richard et. al, Mathematics in the Modern World
 Mathematics in the World book from RBSI
 Paguio et. all, Statistics with Computer Based Discussion

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