Thalamus

Introduction
-

ovoid situated
•
Thalamus is a
large mass
g gray
matter ,
bilaterally in

diencephalon . Both thalami

form 80%
g diencephalon .

both sides connected most al portions

.
Thalami on are in their
by
means
g an intermediate mass .

widely separated by corpora quadri gemina

Caudal
portions
.

more
°

are

Anatomical
• Thalamic nuclei are
classified by two methods : IAI

(B)
Physiological
( A1 Anatomical classification
-

classification .

Thalamus each side in divided into five nuclear

by
on main
groups
•

Y -

shaped internal
medullary lamina .

cis Midline nuclei

his Intra laminar nuclei
Iiis Medial nuclei
( mass
g
( in lateral mass nuclei
g
(vs Posterior nuclei
group y

1131 Physiological classification

• On the basis g functions &

their
projections ,
thalamic
nuclear are
classified into

Bond ok
five groups (
-

classification )
is Specific sensory nuclei
relay
(

motor nuclei
Iii , specific
ciiis Association or less
specific
nuclei
civs Non specific nuclei
-

call Limbic
system nuclei
 Connections
g different nuclear
groups g
thalamus :

Bond of classification thalamic nuda

.

:
g
•
 Functions
g Thalamus :
concerned somatic
• Thalamus in
primarily with
functions .

Relay Center ( for sensations )

• Center
for processing g sensory information -

Cortex
•
It in
functional gateway for Cerebral .

sensations
• Center for determining quality g .

• Center for sexual sensations .

reactions
Role Arousal and Alertness
•
in .

Center for reflex

•

activity .

Center motor
.

for integration g activity .

Applied physiology :

Thalamic lesion due to thrombosis and leads to

mainly occur
•

thalamic syndrome .

I
( al loss sensations
g
ki
Astereognosis ( loss g
ability to
recognize
a
known object with
closed
eye
.

cel Ataxia ( incoordination g voluntary movements )

(
d , Thalamic
phantom limb .

(e)
Anosogosia ( Lack D awareness )

f. spontaneous pain
,

movements
(
g 1
Involuntary
.

IF the tos is writhing twisting

-
slow & movements .

jerky involuntary
•
chorea -

Quick ,
movements .

• Intention tumor .
② Med Notes ( med notes . in )