Community Gora Chafe of Dawo

South
West Commu
Shoa nity
Zone Organiz
Irrigati ation $
on Manage
Develop ment
ment Detail May, 2023
office study of Dawo Ethiopia
Table of Content
Gora
chafe
ground
i
water
South West Shoa Zone Irrigation Development Office
s
_Toc139469388List of Table......................................................................................................................iii
9. Community Organization and Management Detail Study.......................................................................1
9.1. Introduction......................................................................................................................................1
9.1.1. Background of the study area............................................................................................................2
9.2. Objectives of the study.....................................................................................................................2
9.2.1. General objectives.............................................................................................................................2
9.2.2. Specific Objectives............................................................................................................................3
9.2.3. Scope of the study..........................................................................................................................3
9.3. Methods of Data collection...............................................................................................................4
9.3.1. Interview............................................................................................................................................4
9.3.2. Observation.......................................................................................................................................4
9.4. Roles and responsibilities of irrigation development institutions.....................................................4
9.4.1. Rules and Responsibilities of Zone Irrigation Development office.................................................4
9.4.2. Wereda irrigation development office...........................................................................................5
9.4.3. Keble Administration.........................................................................................................................5
9.5. Stockholder Consultation and Involvement......................................................................................5
9.5.1. Consultation with Agriculture development office of Dawoo wereda............................................5
9.5.2. Consultation with keble Administration Office..................................................................................7
9.5.3. Focus group Discussion......................................................................................................................8
9.5.4. General Community meeting……………………………………………………………………………………………………9-10
Table1. Community work Schedule..........................................................................................................11
9.5.5. Other methods................................................................................................................................12
9.6. Policies and Strategies....................................................................................................................12
9.6.1. Water resources management Policies...........................................................................................12
9.6.2. A proclamation to Established Irrigation Development Authority of Oromia
national Regional estate....................................................................................................................12
9.6.3. Participatory Policy..........................................................................................................................12
9.6.4. Proclamation on Rural Land Administration....................................................................................13
9.6.5. Document reviews...........................................................................................................................14
9.7. Awareness creation........................................................................................................................15
9.7.1. Benefits and Necessities of irrigation..............................................................................................15
Community Organization &Management Gora chafe SSIP Page i

9.7.2. Land re-allocation............................................................................................................................15

9.7.3. Formation of Water User Association..............................................................................................16
9.7.4. Forms of participation.....................................................................................................................18
9.7.5. Gender issue....................................................................................................................................19
9.7.6. Compensation and Displacement....................................................................................................19
9.8. Cost Recovery.................................................................................................................................19
9.9. Conflict Management practices......................................................................................................20
9.10. Monitoring and Evaluation...........................................................................................................21
9.10.1. Monitoring.....................................................................................................................................21
9.10.2. Evaluation......................................................................................................................................22
9.11. Conclusion....................................................................................................................................23
9.8 Reference.........................................................................................................................................25
Community Organization &Management Gora chafe SSIP Page ii

List of Figures
Figure. 1. Wereda consultation………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..6

Figure 2. Kebele consultation
Figure 3. Focus group Discussion
Figure. 4.. Community Participation
List of Table
Table 1. Community work Schedule
Community Organization &Management Gora chafe SSIP Page iii

9. Community Organization and Management Detail Study
9.1. Introduction
The Organization and Management assessment has been undertaken as a component of the study
and design of Gora Chafe deep well small scale irrigation project (SSIP) located in, South West
Shoa Zone, Dawo Woreda Gora Roge kebele.
In the past time plans are not participative because of top down development approach. Later it
was recognized that any development plan should start from the grass root level mainly involving
the community whom the plan affects and it is necessary to fully involve the concerned
community just from the inauguration to monitoring and evaluation phases of project cycle. It is
believed that community has both the right and responsibility to be involved. Therefore in this
feasibility level study it was tried to consult and also involve the targeted community users as well
as stakeholders regarding the plan and its implementation.
Therefore irrigation project for whom the project introduced should get full recognition from the
users for one thing that a public implemented irrigation scheme does not belong to an individual
and it is a common resource and property as well hence its management during operation and
maintenance needs special emphasis.
To organize this report stakeholder consultation, Focus group discussion and general community
meetings are undertaken. Most of the outputs and findings are discussed in the Community
Organization and Management session of the report
Therefore, community participation is an indispensable component for “Gora Chafe deep well
small scale irrigation project (SSIP) to be successfully accomplishment.
Community Organization &Management Gora chafe SSIP Page 1

9.1.1. Background of the study area
Gora Chafe ground water small scale irrigation project (SSIP) located in south west shoa zone,
Dawo Woreda Gora roge peasant Association (kebele) It is far from zonal Tawon woliso to the
wereda town Busa 50 kms and from Busa to the site Gora chafe deep well ground water 20
kms, totally 70 kms far away from South west shoa zone town.
The attitudes of the beneficiaries toward this modern irrigation project are very good due to:-
They have good background in small house holds by deep well irrigation practice they started in
2000 E.C.as the farmers of the kebele spoken, Very wholehearted community interests, suitable
land structure and fertile soil and also they gain the ground water in small distance
The users of this irrigation project have fertile background on irrigation; they use individually by
preparing small deep well locally 5-20 meters deep and by purchasing motor pump. They have
irrigated more than 35 hectares of land. While they applied individually deep well small scale
irrigation project they face many challenges. The major problem encountered includes:-
 Consumption of huge amount of human power for the preparation of deep well
construction
 On the constructed deep well land slide can happen
 Consumption of long period of time to construct the deep well.
 It is expensive to purchase motor pump and fuel
 unsatisfactory outcomes/results
Because of the above mentioned and other related bottlenecks the users of the project do not gain
the expected result. So the construction of modern deep well irrigation project is very important.
9.2. Objectives of the study
9.2.1. General objectives
The study of community participation and institutional study has three main objectives;
i. Assess existing institution, stakeholders and institutional arrangement.

ii. Understand community perception, attitude and participation and demand driven of the
project expressed in terms of demonstrable willingness of the user community to commit
themselves in contributing resource and acceptance/ownership responsibility for
Operation and Maintenance of schemes.
iii. Propose workable institutional systems that promote effective planning, design,
construction and O & M of deep well irrigation project.
9.2.2. Specific Objectives

 to identify the problem related with irrigation within the community
 Identify existing communities the interest or willingness and decision on the proposed
projects
 to assess both upstream and downstream residents view of this irrigation development
 to identify the contribution of the community for this irrigation development
 to create awareness for the community about the ownership given to them related with
the project
 to assess the potential resource the community owned/hold
 Land distribution and relocation and others.
Identify forms (modes) of community participation or ways of maximizing community

participations.
9.2.3. Scope of the study

Scope of the Organization and Management study includes the following major activities:-
 Reviewing of existing laws and policies pertaining to water resources development and
management policy; irrigation policy; and regional government structure and
development strategy
 Assessing regional and local institutions and stakeholders to be involved in the various
phases of the project implementation cycle.
 Define institutional and legal requirements for the ownership, supervision/governance
and management of the irrigation system during the project implementation and operation

 Develop project implementing unit that incorporate the concerned organizations and
beneficiaries
 Produce study report that shows the required organizational arrangement and
responsibility of institution in implementing the project.
9.3. Methods of Data collection
In this study, to identify community willingness and decision, we preferably used Focus group
discussion, General community meeting, wereda consultation, kebele Consultation, focus group
discussion, observation and interview.
9.3.1. Interview
This related with individual interview conducted with beneficiaries’ farmer about their interest
issue, Background information in relation with irrigation, land reallocation (distribution) their
Attitude and other important issue.
9.3.2. Observation
Observation ( Field surveys) were conducted in the irrigation command areas as well as the
proposed weir site in order to have first-hand impression, to observe the existing situation of
the irrigation commend area, and to conduct consultations with the beneficiaries and key
stakeholders in the area. It also helps to get cross-sectional point about the project in relation
with interest and outlooks of the community. Not only this, but also to get issue not
exposed /explained by community.
9.4. Roles and responsibilities of irrigation development institutions

9.4.1. Rules and Responsibilities of Zone Irrigation Development office
Question that came from water user association, government plan and other agency about the
project study and design must accept and do detail study and design on time, prepare document
and report for the concerned body.
Implement Small scale irrigation project and support IWU in O &M, Provide technical,
managerial and other support for technical staff on irrigation agronomy, scheme management,
operation and Monitoring & Evaluation Support establishment of irrigation water users‟

association and primary cooperatives in collaboration with regional cooperative agency and
follow up Irrigation water user association.
9.4.2. Wereda irrigation development office

The wereda irrigation development office participate (support) to project beneficiaries by
mobilizing the kebele leaders and the community starting from the design, at the time of
construction, monitoring and evaluation of the project Planning, Implementation and support in
Scheme 0 & M and undertake overall scheme rehabilitation work, Provide trainings for grass
root level technicians, farmers and IWUA management bodies Providing technical and
managerial supports Follow up, monitor and conduct the maintenance of 3rd and 4th canals
through project beneficiaries ,.
Therefore, the woreda irrigation development office is ready and prefers to undergo the
construction of this small scale irrigation scheme.
9.4.3. Keble Administration

The kebele administration would participate in organizing the people during study of the project,
implementation, construction and monitoring and evaluation so that they would share investment
cost by means of labour and in-kind contribution such as material contributions. Acting as a
witness of agreement for land exchange. They would play a role of a mediator when land dispute
will take places among the water user farmers. They also construct access road to the project
through the participation of the people.
9.5. Stockholder Consultation and Involvement
9.5.1. Consultation with Agriculture development office of Dawoo wereda

Consultative meeting was held within the Office on May 03. 2015 E.C. In the meeting, the office
head and Experts of the office were participated.
The major point which is presented for discussion is regarding the advantages and
disadvantageous of the project implementation. Various issues related with the idea of the project
including some of its historical background were discussed.
There is no previous conducted study in the upper and downstream of Gora chafe deep well
ground water small scale irrigation project (SSIP) As a result the communities requested the

woreda Agriculture development office to construct deep well small scale irrigation project.
This study is conducted being a response to the communities’ interest realized by government.
They are ready to participate (support) in any aspect expected from them by mobilizing the
kebele leaders and the community starting from the study and design, at the time of construction,
monitoring and evaluation of the project Planning, Implementation and support in Scheme 0 &
M and undertake overall scheme rehabilitation work, Provide trainings for grass root level
technicians, farmers and IWUA management bodies.
Thus, the woreda Agriculture development office is ready and prefers to undergo the
construction of deep well small scale irrigation project at the place of gora.
Figure. 1. Wereda consultation

9.5.2. Consultation with keble Administration Office
Consultation was conducted On May 5 2015 E.C with the Kebele Administration of Gora roge.
At current times, crop production and vegetables more takes place using rain fed while the
project would enable to produce twice and more per year and due to this, annual income would
increase. It would be possible to diversify the types of crop productions if the deep well
irrigation project constructed. In our area, the community at large and the kebele administration
office supports the project and demands its implementation. The kebele administration would
participate in organizing the people during construction so that they would share investment cost
by means of labour and in-kind contribution such as material contributions. Acting as a witness
of agreement for land exchange. They would play a role of a mediator when land dispute will
take places among the water user farmers. They also say we will also construct access road to the
project through the participation of the people.
Figure 2 . Kebele consultation

9.5.3. Focus group Discussion

A focus group is a qualitative data collection method in which one or two researchers and several
participants meet as a group to discuss a given research topic. A principal advantage of focus
groups is that they yield a large amount of information over a relatively short period of time.
They are also effective for accessing a broad range of views on a specific topic. As a result,
during field survey, in commend area; one focus group discussion (FGD) was undertaken
The major point which is presented for discussion is regarding the advantages and
disadvantageous of the project implementation. Various issues related with the idea of the project
including some of its historical background were discussed. They raised more the advantages of
project by attaching the previous risks, to do deep well individually it is costly, they use more
labour and time, the work done serves only for a year in the case of quality. So the study and
design of Gora chafe deep well Small Scale Irrigation project (SSIP) is important and necessary
in case of the above risk and, to increase farm intensity, to minimize unemployment especially
among youth and others.

Figure.3. Focus group Discussion
9.5.4. General Community meeting

By general meeting, we discuss with the majority of the beneficiaries (group discussion with
beneficiaries farmer) about water resource, climatic condition ,advantages and disadvantages of
the project, land reallocation issue, establishment of WUA committee, role of irrigation to
improve living standard, income maximization, challenge faced by community and other
important issue.
Meeting was appointed and held with the target users. Participants include user community
members, local leaders and district sect oral offices and development workers. The zonal
sociologist facilitated the discussion including craft of major issues to be discussed that include
the following.

Awareness creation regarding the importance of irrigation development in relation to

unavailability of rainfall and drought, food security issues, intensive use of scarce land resource,
additional income generation and diversification of nutrition, establishment of water user
association (WUA) committee and project committee, role of irrigation to improve living
standard, income maximization, challenge faced by community and other important issue was
explained and discussed.
Figure 4. Community consultation

Community work share and Schedule
Schedule
Description Uni Qt
t y Quarter-1 Quarter-2 Quarter.3 Quarter-4
Jul Au S Oc No De J F M Ap M J
e a e a a u
Turnouts (of concrete pipes) Nr
M2
Site clearing and grubbing √ √ √
M3
Soil excavation $ cart away surplus √ √ √ √ √
material
M3
Backfill $ compaction √ √ √ √ √
M3
Compacted selected Material for √ √ √ √ √
embankment
Tertiary canal works Nr
M3
Soil excavation $ cart away surplus √ √ √ √
material
M3
Soil fill $ compaction √ √ √ √
Off takes Nr
M2
Site clearing and grubbing √ √ √
M3
Soil excavation √ √ √
M3
Backfill $ compaction √ √ √
M3
Compacted selected Material for √ √ √
embankment
Tertiary Drainage works Nr
M3
Soil excavation $ cart away surplus √ √ √
material
M3
Soil fill $ compaction √ √ √
Table1. Community work Schedule

9.5.5. Other methods

 Interview the Development agent worker (DA)
 Review of existing available information
The list of consulted wereda, kebele administration, WUA, Community consultation and
petition, request letter for project study and preparation support of the community and other
necessary things for the document could be attached at the end of the document.
9.6. Policies and Strategies

9.6.1. Water resources management Policies
The Policy in 1999, the overall goal of the water resources management policy is to enhance and
promote all national efforts towards the efficient and optimum utilization of the available water
resources for socio-economic development on sustainable basis. As part of water resource
management policy, irrigation is dealt as sect oral issue in article 2.3.2, with the major objective to
develop the huge irrigated agriculture potential for the production of food crops and raw materials
needed for agro industries, on efficient, and sustainable basis and without degrading the fertility of
the production fields and water resources base.
9.6.2. A proclamation to Established Irrigation Development Authority of Oromia

national Regional estate
State Proclamation No. 180/2013 A Proclamation to Establish Irrigation Development Authority
of Oromia National Regional State justifies that, the Objective of irrigation. By developing
irrigation, hasten the social and economic growth of the farmers and pastoralist community of
the region to attain food self-sufficiency in sustainable manner.
9.6.3. Participatory Policy

The official policy of participation is to properly sensitize, motivate and aware the entire soceity
(rural and urban) in all development activities. The policy assesses the fact that no development
activity can succeed without the effort and participation of the entire community. It should also

be noted the participation of the public should not be on the basis of compulsions or in a manner,
which is contrary to their interest or against their belief. They should be convinced and accept
that the ongoing and proposed development intervensions are their own and are for their
advantage.
9.6.4. Proclamation on Rural Land Administration

Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Rural Land Administration and Land use Proclamation
No. 456/2005 came into effect in July 2005. The objective of the proclamation is to conserve and
develop natural resources in rural areas by promoting sustainable land use practices. In order to
encourage farmers to implement measures to guard against soil erosion, the proclamation
introduces a rural land use right certificate, which provides a level of security of tenure.
Part three of the proclamation presents regulations relating to the use of rural land, particularly as
it relates to soil and water conservation and watershed management. The Proclamation also
addresses environmental concerns, including non-compliance with directives on environmental
protection. An important feature of this proclamation is that it stipulates rural land use and
restrictions based on proper land use planning, providing for the proper use of various types of
land, such as slopes, gullies and wetlands, as well as the utilization of rural land for villages and
social services. In addition, it is envisaged that the proclamation will create a sense of ownership
among the vast majority of the rural population and enable them to take initiatives and
collectively engage in environmental management activities.
Other part of the proclamation sets that obligation of rural land users, a holder of rural land shall
be obliged to use and protect his land. When the land gets damaged, the user of the land shall
lose his use right. Particulars shall be given in the land administration laws of the regions.
Where irrigation canals are constructed, the holder shall have the obligation to allow the
construction of irrigation lines and other infrastructures if they cross his land holding, he holder
of rural land shall have the obligation to cooperate when requested by the competent authority to
measure and survey his land.those and others are jestified in the in proclamtion of Rural land
Administration.

9.6.5. Document reviews
9.6.5.1. AGP Guide lines

At the initial phase of the program, AGP has prepared a guideline entitled “Small-Scale
Irrigation Planning and Implementation Guidelines'' and the guideline was reviewed and the
study of the socio economy is prepared largely as per this guideline.
9.6.5.2. Project financing and cost sharing

Beneficiaries will be expected to contribute at least 10% of the total cost of the project in the
form of labour or/and local construction material.
9.6.5.3. Establishment of water managing institutions

Beneficiaries are advised and expected to form institutions at site level which will be responsible
for scheme operation, follow up during construction, subsequent management, funding of O&M
costs, water allocation and distribution and maintenance of the scheme.
9.6.5.4. Establishment of WUA proclamation

Establishment of IWUA proclamation No. 841/2014 is endorsed by the Ministry of Water,
Irrigation and Energy and based on this proclamation the Regional states were allowed to prepare
their own proclamation according to their regional context or to endorse the existing
proclamation No. 204/2009. However, this Proclamation is applicable all over Ethiopia, with
respect to Water User Associations formed on irrigation infrastructures.
9.6.5.5. Formation and Registration of Association

 The will of interested persons or
 The supervisory body shall, following the consultation with potential members of the
association and relevant stakeholders and after the acceptance of its opinion, announce
its decisions as to the formation of an association, .in order to utilize and administer
irrigation water sustainably equitably and efficiently.
The proclamation has many components of which, the management bodies of an association
shall have:-
 The General Assembly;

 The Management Committee;

 The Control Committee; and

 The Dispute Settlement Committee.
An association may provide in it’s by Lows for the establishment of such other committees as
may be necessary.
The powers and duties of the management bodies of an association shall be as determined by the
proclamation and associations by lows
9.7. Awareness creation

Awareness creation regarding environmental issue, climatic condition, advantages and
disadvantages, water use and establishment of WUA committee had discussed as an important
issue. Participants of the meeting raised different idea and question on our issue. Some of them
are:-
9.7.1. Benefits and Necessities of irrigation

At the time of discussion with the community, the following points were forwarded as irrigation
benefits and why irrigation is needed?
 To tackle food shortage

 To improve their livelihood and living standard
 To increase farm intensity
 To minimize unemployment especially among youth.
 The total area which is going to be irrigated will more than 90 hectares of land ; on
which more than 225 households are the users/beneficiaries of the project directly or
indirectly; out of these 218 and 7 beneficiaries are males and females respectively. The
total beneficiaries of the project are more than 1,664 peoples. Generally the condition of
the area and the interest of the beneficiaries are positive.
Generally the condition of the area and the interest of the beneficiaries are positive, that is
community will take the responsibility during and after the construction of the project. So,
we can strongly recommend that the construction of this project is very important.
9.7.2. Land re-allocation
The community has agreed to redistribute or reallocate, rent, share farm land according to
government irrigation land policy. During general community meeting land issue was a hot issue

and way of land reallocation was discussed. Finally, we reached on an agreement to exchange or
rent or share farmland to their relatives, friends or others. At the time of discussion the major
intention among farmers was gaining issue of this modern irrigation.
9.7.3. Formation of Water User Association

The community level institutions in the irrigation development projects are the water user
association committee, who are volunteers selected by community members to serve the water
users. Water users association has formed to manage and supervise distribution of water and
organize maintenance works, monitoring of day-to-day operations and general conditions of the
traditional irrigation scheme, to solve conflicting issue among the beneficiaries of the project, to
solve input supply problems, to control overall situation of the project, to facilitate market
information and credit facilities and other important issue. Water users Association (WUA)
committee was formed starting in May 5, 2015 E.C, which contains seven members as ‘’ Gora
Chafe deep well small scale irrigation project (SSIP) water user association.

Organizational set up (Irrigation water users Association) IWUA
Irrigation Development office
General Assembly
Control Management Dispute Resolution

committee committee Committee
Team Team Team Team

block block block block
leader 1 leader 2 leader 3 leader 4
Diagram1. Proposed Organizational structure of WUA
The types of organizational and management structure should encourage water users to operate
and maintain their systems through technical and economic efficiencies .These can be obtained
by developed by a sense of ownership which in turn provides water security and sustainability
more ever, in selection of appropriate organization structure and deciding its forms are the most
important aspects to be considered. The organization and management structure function
includes
 A general assembly:-which is directly elected by all water user members and it is the
highest decision making body of the WUA. The general assembly should have the power
and deities
 Approve the annual work plan and Budget of the association.
 Elect and dismiss the members of the management body, the control committee,
the dispute settlement committee and members of other sub-committee
 Approve the by low and internal regulation of the association

 The Management committee:- the body elected by the General Assembly to follow up
and control the activities of an association.
 Chair person ;- call and chair the meeting of the management committee
 Represent the association in its dealings with 3rd parties
 Under take other deities specified in the by low
 The vice chairperson;-shall act in place of the chair person where the latter is not in a
position to discharge his deities
 Secretary:-Organize the secretariat of the association
- Keep properly the document of the association
- Perform other duties assigned to him by the chairperson
 Cashier:-collect fees from members for various purpose, keep payment vouchers and
receipts
- Perform payment when ordered by the chairperson.
 Accountant:-Follow the inflow and out flow cash of the association.

 Two members:-Those members are act (participate) as water user association committee
leaders at meeting and suggest ideas with collaboration.
 Control committee:-Assigned by the general assembly, it is responsible for the control
of scheme performance and resource of the association.
 Dispute Resolution Committee
The dispute resolution committee shall have the powers and duties to hear and determine
disputes on water use and distribution between members of the association, agreements
related to the violation of the association's bylaws, or internal regulation, Matters related
to non-observance of watering schedule and others.
9.7.4. Forms of participation

Participants of community meeting agreed as they have contributed what expected from them
starting from detail study up to skim management.
As a result, mode of participation:-

 Presenting locally available materials like sand.

 Labor contribution during detail study, construction, access road clearance and clearance,
Excavation work of secondary and tertiary canals and others.
 Finance contribution.
 Monitoring and evaluation
9.7.5. Gender issue

At the time of general community meeting, gender issue was raised and discussed by the
participants of the meeting; especially women participation in any social, economic and political
aspects are very important. On our discussion we reached on common agreement i.e. without
women participation, any aspects become disabled/handicapped. As a result, they agree to
include women in their WUA committee, beneficiaries of the project, conflict resolution
committee, etc.
9.7.6. Compensation and Displacement

On our discussion, we also discussed about the issue of compensation and displacement issue.
Participants asked by whom cost of compensation and displacement will cover, it was also a big
issue during our meeting and we trying to explain it clearly; this cost should be covered and
compensated by the beneficiaries of the project. As a result, they understood their duties and
responsibilities in relation to issue we discussed on.
9.8. Cost Recovery

There is no fixed and practiced irrigation charge rates and cost recovery mechanism in small
scale irrigation development in Ethiopia. It is however required that, the beneficiaries cover
annual operation and maintenance cost. Lack of system for collecting irrigation charges at least
to cover annual O & M costs lead a number of schemes to be non-functional. A few WUA have
tried to collect annual fees from the beneficiaries to cover annual O & M cost.
The water pricing policy stated that:
 Recognizing water as a natural resource with an economic value and ensure that fees
are paid for services rendered.
 Recognizing water as a vulnerable and scarce natural resource and ensure and
promote that all pricing systems and mechanisms should be geared towards

conservation, protection and efficient use of water as well as promote equity of

access.
 Ensuring that management of water resources shall be always addressed in
conjunction with basic social equity norms.
Therefore the discussion below is to instigate the need to include charges and cost recovery in
study and implementation of Small scale irrigation schemes.
The management IWUA association expected to work not only to maintain fair and equitable
water distribution and scheduling, but also creates awareness of cost recovery, cost recovery
plan and implement water charging mechanisms with consensus of the general assembly.
Awareness rising should be made to water management committee and subcommittee members
and each user group should be clear on the purpose and use of water charge and approved by the
general assembly.
The following major tasks are proposed to be undertaken as a preparation to implement

organization and management and to achieve cost recovery on proposed irrigation schemes;
 Conduct wide coverage awareness creation on irrigation cost recovery for the sector
offices at all level, irrigation water users and other stakeholders;
 Strengthen the management capacity of the community organization / irrigation user’s
cooperatives to enable them to implement the cost recovery.
 Promote Woreda and Kebele level support to irrigation water users on irrigation
agronomy, water management and marketing of the produced products.
 Prepare cost recovery plan.
9.9. Conflict Management practices

Social and individual conflicts (grievance) may occur in the area, a number of dispute resolution
mechanisms are used by farmers. The first recognized institution is based on religious groups of
Christians. The Christians voluntarily group is known as senbete and settles disputes among its
members whenever disputes and conflicts occur. The second system is the Edir which is
prevalent among in the kebele and in all religions groups. Edirs were originally organized for
funeral purposes and at the same time settle disputes among its members. Edirs are organized

within neighbourhoods to facilitate economic, social and even development assistance among
members.
The third institution authorized to settle local disputes and conflicts is the Kebele judiciary
(courts) committee consisting of three to five members. These are elected by kebele members to
settle disputes relating to the use of land, natural resources and other social matters. They are
constitutionally provided with the authority to punish whoever is found guilty of offences, either
individuals or groups. The kebele council also plays a great role in dispute settlement through its
kebele security committee, sub-village representatives and committee members.
The forth one is the water user association committee. The main function of WUA include,
Equitable water distribution among farmers quick dispute resolution at the local level,Well-
maintained canals (decreasing water losses, etc.). Different committee group have authority to
punish water problem associated like water theft in the individuals or groups.
9.10. Monitoring and Evaluation

9.10.1. Monitoring
Monitoring is a systematic and continues process of collecting, analyzing and using of

information for the purpose of management and decision-making. The primary function of
monitoring is to provide and use data in such a way that management can improve performance
in the future.
The beneficiaries of the schemes have organized themselves into associations led by elected
leaders. Traditional irrigation schemes are operated and managed by these associations. These
schemes are built, operated and maintained with the full participation of the beneficiaries,
because of this, they appear to be more sustainable than those schemes uses without organize the
users.
Monitoring the project is done by wereda expert, zonal expert and water users, is a continuous
process which begins with the project and tracks actual progress against planned progress at any
given time up to its finish, provides relevant information to indicate whether project objectives

are being achieved and more practically, whether the operation and performance of a project are
as per its plan.
9.10.2. Evaluation
Evaluation: the results of the project are evaluated against the designed project plan. Evaluation
could be done at certain project intervals of which completion evaluation report is one. This
is the last phase in project cycle and its objective is to make comparison between the
original planned project activities and anticipated results with what have been implemented
as a result and serve to correct the existing implementation to the extent possible and also
contribute for future similar project interventions. The evaluation covers a wide of
parameters including project implementation arrangement; community participation, and
use of resources.
At the evaluation stage, post implementation analysis is to be conducted using actually invested
recorded costs and projections of future operational and maintenance costs. The analysis helps to
show the extent of project viabilities, the validity of assumptions, implications upon prices of
crops and crop productions and contributes for establishing cost and benefit standards and also It
provides information for those who are involved in the project such as managers, funders, policy
makers. The evaluation process can do by internal and external bodies.

9.11. Conclusion
By group meeting and discussion, by individual interview and discussion, we try to observe their
understanding and interest toward modern irrigation. As a result, they identify the positive and
negative impacts of irrigation. Finally, they agree as the construction of the project reduces
unemployment especially among youth, it improves their way of lives. Based on this, they
become very happy by gaining such like chance and they indicate as they are ready to contribute
what expected from them at the construction time, implementation, and maintenance, monitoring
and evaluation of the project. So they agreed to:-
distribute land according to rule and regulation of Small scale irrigation project
(SSIP)
To use water according to by-laws
Pay tariff and recovery cost expected from them
Therefore, community interest, willingness and participation, constructive interests of peasant

association leader and District officials, and conclusion made above indicate as the project is
feasible. Generally, the condition of the area and the interest of the beneficiaries are good, so we
strongly recommend that the construction of Gora chafe deep well project is very important and
necessary.

List of contact person at different office level
No Name of place of work position phone No

Zone level
Irrigation Development
1 Berhanu Lemessa Irrigation Office office head 911549073
project study and design
2 Addisu Getachewu Irrigation Office Team leader 922474732
3 G/egziabher Demoz Irrigation Office Sociologist 911987535
wereda level
4 Marga Nadesa Dawo wereda Administrator 0921170999
5 Tamene Takele Dawo wereda Agriculture office head
Agriculture office Vice
6 Gezachewo Gonfa Agriculture office head 0910059078
Dawo wereda
7 Tadele kabeta Expert Irrigation Engener 913908577
Dawo wereda
8 Desu Debel Expert Community mobilizer 973986104
keble level
9 Gutama Iticha keble level Chair person 962486849
10 Mesfiin Gazimuu keble level Manager 933042322

9.8 Reference
Wereda irrigation Development office
Keble administration office

Establishment of Irrigation water users Association proclamation No No. 204/2009.
A proclamation to Established Irrigation Development Authority of Oromia
National Regional estate Proclamation No. 180/2013
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Rural Land Administration and Land use
Proclamation No. 456/2005 came into effect in July 2005.
Document reviews;-Agricultural growth program (AGP ) Guideline
-Project financing and cost sharing
The 1999 Water resources management Policy



















Community Gora Chafe of Dawo

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Community Organization &Management Gora chafe SSIP Page i

9.7.2. Land re-allocation............................................................................................................................15

Community Organization &Management Gora chafe SSIP Page ii

Figure. 1. Wereda consultation………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..6

Community Organization &Management Gora chafe SSIP Page iii

9. Community Organization and Management Detail Study

Community Organization &Management Gora chafe SSIP Page 1

9.1.1. Background of the study area

9.2. Objectives of the study

9.2.1. General objectives

i. Assess existing institution, stakeholders and institutional arrangement.

Community Organization &Management Gora chafe SSIP Page 2

9.2.2. Specific Objectives

Identify forms (modes) of community participation or ways of maximizing community

9.2.3. Scope of the study

Community Organization &Management Gora chafe SSIP Page 3

9.3. Methods of Data collection

9.4. Roles and responsibilities of irrigation development institutions

Community Organization &Management Gora chafe SSIP Page 4

9.4.2. Wereda irrigation development office

9.4.3. Keble Administration

9.5. Stockholder Consultation and Involvement

9.5.1. Consultation with Agriculture development office of Dawoo wereda

Community Organization &Management Gora chafe SSIP Page 5

Figure. 1. Wereda consultation

Community Organization &Management Gora chafe SSIP Page 6

9.5.2. Consultation with keble Administration Office

Figure 2 . Kebele consultation

Community Organization &Management Gora chafe SSIP Page 7

9.5.3. Focus group Discussion

Community Organization &Management Gora chafe SSIP Page 8

Figure.3. Focus group Discussion

9.5.4. General Community meeting

Community Organization &Management Gora chafe SSIP Page 9

Awareness creation regarding the importance of irrigation development in relation to

Figure 4. Community consultation

Community Organization &Management Gora chafe SSIP Page 10

Community work share and Schedule

Table1. Community work Schedule

Community Organization &Management Gora chafe SSIP Page 11

9.5.5. Other methods

9.6. Policies and Strategies

9.6.2. A proclamation to Established Irrigation Development Authority of Oromia

9.6.3. Participatory Policy

Community Organization &Management Gora chafe SSIP Page 12

9.6.4. Proclamation on Rural Land Administration

Community Organization &Management Gora chafe SSIP Page 13

9.6.5. Document reviews

9.6.5.1. AGP Guide lines

9.6.5.2. Project financing and cost sharing

9.6.5.3. Establishment of water managing institutions

9.6.5.4. Establishment of WUA proclamation

9.6.5.5. Formation and Registration of Association

 The General Assembly;

Community Organization &Management Gora chafe SSIP Page 14

 The Control Committee; and

9.7. Awareness creation

9.7.1. Benefits and Necessities of irrigation

 To tackle food shortage

9.7.2. Land re-allocation

Community Organization &Management Gora chafe SSIP Page 15

9.7.3. Formation of Water User Association