Republic of the Philippines

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region III
SAPANG PALAY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
City of San Jose del Monte 3024, Bulacan
Telefax (044) 815-0823 e-mail add: spnhs.deped@yahoo.com

MAPEH DEPARTMENT
3rd Quarter

Subject Area ARTS 9

Name of Learners: Section

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Grade level Date:

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

ARTS OF NEOCLASSIC AND ROMANTIC PERIOD

INTRODUCTION
Neoclassicism and Romanticism were the movements after the Rococo period that
flourished across Western Europe and the United States which spanned approximately from the
late eighteenth to the nineteenth centuries. Their influences today were highly visible through
the style of paintings, sculptures and other artworks adopted by the well-known artists
internationally and also by some of our National Artists. Some of the existing architectural
structures convey the traits and characteristics of such periods.
Art forms of the Neoclassic Period were produced in the late 18th century. Some of the
famous artists of the Neoclassic Period are J.A.D. Ingres, Jacques-Louis David, Robert Smirke,
Robert Adam, Antonio Canova, Jean-Antoine Houdon, and Bertel Thorvaldsen.
Famous artists during the Romantic era were Jean Louis Théodore Géricault, Eugène
Delacroix , Francisco Goya, François Rude, Antoine-Louis Barye, Théodore Rousseau and
Jean-Baptiste-Camille.

Learning Competency

● Identifies distinct characteristics of arts during the Neoclassic and Romantic period A9EL-
IIIa-2
● identifies representative artists from the Neoclassic and Romantic period A9EL-IIIa-3

● uses artworks to derive the traditions/history of the Neoclassic and Romantic periodA9PL-
IIIh-3
● compares the characteristics of artworks produced in the Neoclassic and Romantic
periods A9PL-IIIh-4
● creates artworks guided by techniques and styles of the Neoclassic and Romantic periods
A9PR-IIIc-e-1
NEOCLASSICISM, 1780-1840
The word neoclassic came from the Greek word neos meaning new and the Latin word
classicus which is similar in meaning to the English phrase first class. The Western movement
in decorative and visual arts was called Neoclassicism. It also applies to literature, theater,
music, and architecture that were influenced by the classical art and culture of Ancient Greece
and Ancient Rome.

The Neoclassical movement coincided with the 18th century Age of Reason also known
as the Age of Enlightenment. The art style in this period was brought about by the renewed
interest in Greek and Roman classics. Neoclassical art pieces such as paintings, sculpture and
architecture generally portrayed Roman history which elevated the Roman heroes.

NEOCLASSICAL PAINTING
Neoclassical artists embraced the ideals of order and moderation in which artistic interpretations
of classic Greek and Roman history were restored to realistic portrayals. Neoclassical painters
gave great importance to the costumes, settings and details of classical subject-matter without
adding distracting details but with as much historical accuracy as possible.

NEO-CLASSICAL ARTISTS
JACQUES-LOUIS DAVID (1748-1825) France
Jacques-Louis David was an influential French painter in the Neoclassical
style, and considered to be the pre-eminent painter of the era. His
subjects of paintings were more on history. His famous artworks were
The death of Marat, Napoleon Crossing the Alps, and Oath of the
Horatii.
The Death of Marat David’s masterpiece shows the portrayal of a
revolutionary martyr. This is a painting of the murdered French The Death of Marat by David
revolutionary leader Jean-Paul Marat.
JEAN-AUGUSTE-DOMINIQUE INGRES (1780-1867) France
Ingres was a pupil of Jacques-Louis David. He was influenced by Italian Renaissance painters
like Raphael, Nicolas Pousin, Botticelli, and his mentor, Jacques-Louis David. His paintings
were usually nudes, portraits and mythological themes. He was regarded as one of the great
exemplars of academic art and one of the finest Old Masters of his era. His famous artworks
were Portrait of Napoléon on the Imperial Throne and the Apotheosis of Homer

NEOCLASSICAL SCULPTURES
The Neoclassical period was one of the great ages of public sculpture. Artists looked to Roman
styles during the time of Alexander the Great for inspiration as well as to mimic their style.

NEO-CLASSICAL SCULPTORS ANTONIO CANOVA (1757-1822) Italy

Canova was a prolific Italian artist and sculptor who became famous
for his marble sculptures that delicately rendered nude flesh. He opened
the idea for portraying discrete sexual pleasures by using pure contours
with his mythological compositions. His famous sculptures were Psyche
Awakened by Cupid’s kiss and Washington.

BERTEL THORVALDSEN (1789-1838) Denmark

Thorvaldsen was the first internationally acclaimed Danish artist. He WASHINGTON by Canova
executed sculptures of mythological and religious themes characters. His
famous sculptures were LION OF LUCERNE and CHRIST

NEOCLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE
Neoclassical architectural styles started in the mid-18th century. It turned away from the
grandeur of Rococo style and the Late Baroque. In its purest form, Neoclassical architecture
was a style principally derived from the architecture of Classical Greece and Rome and the
architectural designs of the Italian architect Andrea Palladio.
Types of Neoclassical Architecture: PANTHEON, Paris

a. TEMPLE STYLE
Temple style building design was based on an ancient temple. These
buildings were uncommon during the Renaissance as architects of
that period focused mainly on applying classical elements to
churches and modern buildings like palazzos and villas. Examples of
Temple style building were PANTHEON, BRITISH MUSEUM, and
LA MADELEINE DE PARIS

b. PALLADIAN STYLE
Palladian buildings were based on Andrea Palladio’s style
of villa construction. Some of the buildings feature a
balustrade which is a railing with vertical supports along
the edge of the roof. There are vertical supports within a
balustrade known as “balusters” or spindles”. It is also a
classical method of crowning a building that has a flat or
WHITE HOUSE low lying roof. Examples of Palladian style building were
WHITE HOUSE, and UNITED STATES CAPITOL

c. CLASSICAL BLOCK STYLE

The building features a rectangular or square plan, with a flat roof
and an exterior rich in classical detail. The exterior features a
repeated classical pattern or series of arches and/or columns.
The overall impression of such a building was a huge, classically-
decorated rectangular block. . Examples of Classical block style
building were LIBRARY OF SAINTE-GENEVIÈVE, BOSTON LIBRARY OF SAINTE-GENEVIÈVE
PUBLIC LIBRARY and PALAIS GARNIER.
ROMANTICISM, 1800s-1810s

Romanticism was a movement in which the artists of Neoclassical period sought to break
new ground in the expression of emotion, both subtle and stormy. It embraced a number of
distinctive themes, such as a longing for history, supernatural elements, social injustices, and
nature. Landscape painting also became more popular due to the peoples’ romantic adoration of
nature. Romanticism was a reaction to the classical, contemplative nature of Neoclassical
pieces.

ROMANTIC PAINTING (Portraits/Figures)

The paintings of the Romantic period gave more emphasis on emotion. Artists expressed as
much feeling and passion as it could be on a canvas.

PAINTERS OF THE ROMANTIC PERIOD

JEAN LOUIS THÉODORE GÉRICAULT (1791-1824) France

Géricault was the first French master and the leader of the French realistic
school. His masterpieces were energetic, powerful, brilliantly colored, and
tightly composed. His famous paintings were THE RAFT OF THE MEDUSA,
CHARGING CHASSEUR and INSANE WOMAN (One of several portraits
Gericault made of the mentally disabled that has a peculiar hypnotic power).
 EUGÈNE DELACROIX (1798-1863) Insane Woman by Gericault
France
Delacroix was considered the greatest French Romantic
painter of all. He achieved brilliant visual effects using small,
adjacent strokes of contrasting color. He was the most
influential to most of Romantic painters and eventually, his
technique was adopted and extended by the Impressionist
artists. One of his famous painting is LIBERTY LEADING
THE PEOPLE (This painting commemorates the July
Revolution of 1830, which toppled King Charles X of France.
LIBERTY LEADING THE PEOPLE
A woman holding the flag of the French Revolution personifies
Liberty and leads the people forward over the bodies of the fallen).

ROMANTIC SCULPTURE
Romantic sculpture can be divided into works that concern about the human world and those
that concern the natural world. The leading sculptors of each type were Rude and Barye,
respectively.

FRANÇOIS RUDE (1784-1855) France

François Rude was best known for his social art which aimed to inspire and
capture the interest of a broad public. He rejected the classical repose of the
late 18th- and early 19th-century French sculpture in favour of a dynamic,
emotional style and created many monuments that stirred the public for
generations. His famous sculptures were DEPARTURE OF THE
VOLUNTEERS and JEANNE D’ARC.

ANTOINE-LOUIS BARYE (1796-1875) France

He was the most famous animal sculptor of all time. He studied the anatomy
of his subjects by sketching residents of the Paris zoo. His famous works DEPARTURE OF THE
were Hercules Sitting on a Bull and Theseus Slaying the Minotaur VOLUNTEERS by Rude

GOTHIC REVIVAL ARCHITECTURE (NEOGOTHIC)

Gothic Revival, also referred to as Victorian
Gothic or Neo-Gothic, is an architectural movement that
began in the late 1740s in England. Many of Neogothic
buildings feature castellation in which the walls and
towers are crenellated in imitation of medieval castles.
Indeed, heavily castellated Neogothic buildings have
been often referred to as “castles”, even though they
never served as a defensive structure. Example of
architecture with Neogothic style is the Houses of Houses of Parliament
Parliament in London.

NEOCLASSICISM and ROMANTICISM in the Philippines

Here in the Philippines, the ideology of Neoclassicism and

Romanticism can be seen through various major artworks such as
paintings, sculptures and architectural structures. Some of the
well-known contributing artists express their skills and ideas in
their own respective field of specialization.

FÉLIX RESURRECCIÓN HIDALGO Y PADILLA (1855-1913)

Felix Hidalgo was one of the great Filipino painters of the
late 19th century who was significant in the Philippine history for THE CHRISTIAN VIRGINS BEING EXPOSED
inspiring members of the Philippine reform movement. One of his TO THE POPULACE (F. Hidalgo)

famous painting is THE CHRISTIAN VIRGINS BEING EXPOSED

TO THE POPULACE (F. Hidalgo)
 JUAN LUNA Y NOVICIO (1857-1899)
Juan Luna was a painter and sculptor,
who became one of the first recognized
Philippine artists. He was also a political activist
of the Philippine Revolution during the late 19th
century. One of his famous artwork was the
Spoliarium. Spoliarium is a Latin word referring
to the basement of the Roman Colosseum
Spoliarium by Juan Luna
wherein the fallen and dying gladiators were
dumped and devoid of their worldly
possessions. The painting features a glimpse of Roman history centered on the bloody carnage
brought by gladiatorial matches.

GUILLERMO ESTRELLA TOLENTINO (1890–1976)

Tolentino is a Filipino sculptor who was named National Artist for the
Visual Arts in 1973, and is hailed as the “Father of Philippine Arts.” His
famous sculptures were PAMBANSANG BANTAYOG NI ANDRES
BONIFACIO and OBLATION (University of the Philippines)

NAPOLEÓN ISABELO VELOSO ABUEVA

Abueva is a National artist for Sculpture. He was entitled as the "Father of
Modern Philippine Sculpture". He has been the only Boholano to be given
the distinction of National Artist of the Philippines in the field of Visual Arts.
OBLATION by G.Tolentino
His famous sculpture is SIYAM NA DIWATA NG SINING.

Neoclassic style is highly visible in

paintings, sculptures and architecture of the 18th
century. While Romanticism is highly contrasted
with Neoclassicism. It is a reaction to the classical,
contemplative nature of Neoclassical pieces. It
seeks modernism and expresses emotion through
art. Théodore Rousseau and Jean-Baptiste-
SIYAM NA DIWATA NG SINING Camille Corot led the Romantic landscape painting
in France.

Gothic Revival architectural movement began in the late 1740s in England. It became
widely used for churches and civic buildings throughout the West, especially in Great Britain and
the United States.

Activity I. Name the artist and artwork of the following painting and sculpture. Write your
answers on the space provided.

1. Name of the artwork: ________________________

Artist/creator: ________________________

2. Name of the artwork:

________________________

Artist/creator:
 ________________________

3. Name of the artwork:

________________________

Artist/creator:
________________________

4. Name of the artwork:

________________________

Artist/creator:
________________________

Name of the artwork:

________________________

Artist/creator:
________________________

Activity II. Write NEOCLASSIC if the artwork was made during neoclassical period and
ROMANTIC if the artwork was made during the Romantic period.
_____________1. Napoleon Crossing the Alps _____________6. Liberty Leading the
People
_____________2. Hercules Sitting on a Bull _____________7. Jeanne d’arc
_____________3. Psyche Awakened by Cupid’s kiss _____________8. Portrait of Napoléon
on the Imperial Throne
_____________4. The death of Marat _____________9. Theseus Slaying the
Minotaur
_____________5. The Raft of the Medusa _____________10. Lion of Lucerne

Activity III. Identify whether the following artworks are PAINTING, SCULPTURE AND
ARCHITECTURE. Write your answer before the number. Note: Check the pictures on our
learning activity sheet.

_____________1. Spoliarium
_____________2. Oblation
_____________3. The Christian virgins being exposed to the populace
_____________4. Departure of the volunteers
_____________5. Houses of Parliament
_____________6. The Death of Marat
_____________7. Pantheon
_____________8. Insane Woman
_____________9. White house
_____________10. Washington

Activity IV: Generalization. Write your answer on the space provided.

1. Discuss the characteristics of Neoclassical artworks. Minimum of 15 words.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________

2. Discuss the characteristics of Romantic period artworks. Minimum of 15 words.

_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________

3. Explain the influence of Neoclassical and Romantic arts in Philippine arts. Minimum of 15
words.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________
Activity V “Inspired!” Paint or sketch an illustration showing the ideas of Neoclassical or
Romantic arts. Materials: Oslo paper and coloring materials

Reflection Questions:
1. What is the subject of your artwork?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

2. Why did you choose this subject?

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

3. What did you feel while doing your artwork?

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

RUBRICS

Criteria 5 4 3 2 1
1. All instructions were followed
2. Proper use of materials
3. Neatness of the artwork
4.Creativity

ASSESSMENT

Name: __________________________________ Grade. & Sec. ____________________

Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the letter of your answer on the space given
before each number
1. ________ is a type of building that features a “balustrade‟.
a. temple style c. classical block style
b. palladian style d. gothic style
2. ________ is a type of building that features a “peristyle”
a. temple style c. classical block style
b. palladian style d. gothic style
3. Type of building features a rectangular or square plan, with a flat roof and an exterior rich
in classical detail.
a. temple style c. classical block style
b. palladian style d. gothic style
4. Oblation is a masterpiece of ________.
a. FÉLIX HIDALGO c. GUILLERMO TOLENTINO
b. JUAN LUNA d. NAPOLEÓN ABUEVA
 5. Francois Rude‟s “___________” is the sculpture that portrays the goddess Liberty using
the forces of the French Revolution onward.
a. The raft of the medusa c. Charging chasseur
b. Liberty leading the people d. Departure of the volunteers

6. Neoclassical comes from the Greek words “neos” and “classicus” meaning ____ and ___.
a. Middle and dark c. rebirth and revival
b. pearl and irregular d. new and first class
7. Neoclassical movement is known as the Age of Reason or Age of ________.
a. enlightenment c. engagement
b. prosperity d. empowerment
8. This painting shows the murdered French revolutionary leader.
a. Napoleon Crossing the Alps c. Oath of the Horatii
b. The death of Marat d. Insane woman
9. Romanticism is the movement that has the idea about the expression of ________.
a. emotions c. liberty
b. balance d. freedom
10. Spoliarium is a masterpiece of ________.
a. Tolentino c. Hidalgo
b. Luna d. Amorsolo

Student Signature over Printed Name Parent Signature over Printed Name
____________________ ____________________
Date Signed Date Signed

Prepared by:
Ma. Jessica Ria D. Pillado

References:
K to 12 Music Curriculum Guide at http://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/.
Music and Arts Learner’s Material pages 218-245
Music and Arts Teacher’s Guide