Manual For Medical Officers Vol.I

vQdK U0Suf
jynfaxmifpko r®wjrefrmEdkifiHawmf
umuG,fa &;OD;pD;csKyf½kH;(Munf;)
aq;0efx rf;ñTefM um;a&;rSL;½Hk;
aq;rSL;rsm;vufpJGp mapmif
twJG (1)
ae&m/ ae jynf awmf

&ufp JG/ 2-11-2014
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rmwd um
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1/ ed'gef; 1
2/ &nf&G,fcsuf 2
tykdif; (1)
ppf OD ;pD;? ppf a&;? ppf axmuf qk dif &mbmom&yf
tcef; (1)
ppfO D;pD;qkdi f&mrsm;
3/ aq;0efxrf;wyfzGJU\ &nfrSef;csufwm0ef 5
4/ wyf&if;aq;rSL;\ wm0ef0wå&m;rsm; 5
5/ wyfpkrSL;? aq;½kHwyfpk\ wm0ef0wå&m;rsm; 15
6/ ppfajrjyifaq;wyfcGJrSL;\ wm0ef0wå&m;rsm; 16
7/ aq;0efxrf;tkyfcsKyfrIñTefMum;vTmrsm; 18
8/ olemjyKrsm; od&Sdvdkufemoifhonhftcsufrsm; 21
tcef; (2)
ppfa&;qkdif&mrsm;
9/ ajcvsifaq;wyfpkzGJUpnf;ykH 27
10/ aq;wyfpkwGifxm;&Sd&rnfh v,f*sm? rSwfykHwif? rSwfwrf;ESifh pmwGJrsm; 28
11/ iSufzsm;a&m*g umuG,f^ ukoa&;twGuf ñTefMum;csuf 34
12/ iSufzsm;a&m*gjzpfyGm;&jcif;taMumif;&if; 34
13/ a&m*gvu©Pmrsm;ESifh aemufqufwGJa0'emcHpm;&jcif; 34
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vQd KU0S uf
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pmrsufESm
14/ iSufzsm;a&m*gumuG,f&ef enf;vrf;rsm; 35
15/ wyf&if;aq;cef;wGif xm;&Sd&rnfh tajcjyZ,m;rsm; 37
tcef; (3)
ppfaxmufqkdi f& mrsm;
16/ aq;ESifhaq;ypönf;rsm; awmif;cHjcif; 45
17/ Comparative Statement of New Scale & Old scale 47
18/ aq;ypönf;ud&d,m (euf 8-226) 51
19/ aq;wyfzGJUtkyfcsKyfrIñTefMum;vTm trSwf? 2^75 55
20/ olem0wfypönf;rsm; euf 7^11 (c) 57
21/ wyfrawmf(Munf;?a&?av)aq;½kH&du©m(1)tr,fESifhEIef;xm;Z,m; 60
24/ tiftm;jznfhtykdaqmif;&du©m 65
25/ aq;½kHaoG;vSL&Sifrsm; tykdaqmif;&du©mtr,fESifh EIef;xm; 69
26/ wyfrawmf(Munf;?a&?av)aq;½kHtaxGaxG&du©mtr,fESifh EIef;xm; 70
27/ &du©mtrsdK;tpm;rsm; 71
tyk d if; (2)

aq;ynmqk d if &m bmom&yf rsm;
tcef; (1)
"mwfr Se fE Si fh ykH& dy fazmfe nf;ynm
28/ X – ray qkdonfrSm 89
29/ &ifbwf"mwfrSef (Chest Xray) 89
vQKd U0S uf
vQd KU0S uf
*
pmrsufESm
30/ jzpfyGm;rItrsm;qkH;a&m*grsm; 92
31/ 0rf;Akdufykdif; "mwfrSef 95
32/ OD;acgif;cGH"mwfrSef 100
33/ ajcvuft½kd;rsm;usdK;jcif;ESifh t½kd;"mwfrSefrsm;zwf½Ijcif; 103
tcef; (2)
pdwfusef;rma&; jyKpkapmifha&Smufj cif;
34/ ed'gef; 111
35/ pdwfusef;rma&;\ oabmobm0 111
36/ jyif;xefaompdwfa&m*grsm; 112
37/ EsL½kd;qpfa&m*gvu©Pmrsm; 113
38/ OmPf&nfedrfhuav;rsm;\ a&m*gqkdif&mtcsuftvufrsm; 114
39/ t&ufpGJa&m*gESifh pyfvsOf;onhf tcsuftvufrsm; 115
40/ ta&;ay:pdwfa&m*g 118
41/ ed*kH; 122
tcef; (3)
Oya'a&;&m aq;ynm
42/ rdrdukd,fukdowfaorI? vlowfrIESifh rawmfwqxdckdufaoqkH;rI 125
43/ rdrdukd,fukdowfaorIESifh ygwfoufí od&Sdxm;&rnhftcsufrsm; 125
44/ rdrdukd,fukdowfaorI 126
45/ vlowfrIESifh ywfoufí od&Sd&rnfh tcsufrsm; 129
46/ vufeufwpfpkHwpfckjzifh vlowfrIwGifawGUEkdifaom 'Pf&m\ xl;jcm;csufrsm; 131
47/ rawmfwqxdckdufaoqkH;rIESifh ywfoufí od&Sd&rnhftcsufrsm; 132
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pmrsufESm
48/ aoqkH;NyD;onhftcsdefcefUrSef;jcif; 134
49/ aoqkH;NyD;tavmif;aoG;xkdifuGufay:aygufjcif; 136
50/ <uufom;rsm;at;cJjcif; 142
51/ tyl&SdefaMumifh awmifhcJjcif; 143
52/ tavmif;ykyfyGjcif; 133
53/ a&epfaoqkH;jcif; 146
54/ a&epfaoqkH;jcif;\ vu©Pmrsm; 146
55/ wdusaocsmrIr&Sdaomvu©Pmrsm; 146
56/ wdusaocsmaomvu©Pmrsm; 147
57/ a&xJüykyfvsufawGU&onfhtavmif;ESifh a&epfonhfvu©Pm 149
58/ BudK;qGJcsaoqkH;rIESifh vnfyif;n§pfaoqkH;rIrsm; 150
59/ tqdyfaA' 156
60/ tqdyfaMumifhjzpfaomvu©PmpkESifh a&m*gaMumifhjzpfaomvu©Pmpkqifwl 159
61/ tpmtqdyfoihfjcif; 163
62/ Oya'a&;&maq;ynmqkdif&m "mwfcGJprf;oyf&eferlemypönf;rsm; pkaqmif;jcif;?
rSwfom;jcif;ESifh ay;ykdUjcif; 165
tcef; (4)
Nutrition and BMI
63/ Daily energy requirements 172
64/ Population mecronutrient goals 172
65/ touftkyfpktvdkuf wpfaeUwmpm;okH;oifhaom tm[m&"mwf 173
66/ Summary of clinically important vitamins 174
67/ Summary of clinically important minerals 175
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pmrsufESm
68/ Classification of obesity with Body Mass Index 176

69/ Classification of Malnutrition in adults by Body Mass Index 176
70/ qeftrsdK;rsdK;? aumufESHrsm;ESifh tpm;tpmrsm; 177
tcef; (5)
jrefr mEkdi fiHaq;aumifpDOya'
71/ trnfESifh t"dyÜm,fazmfjycsuf 202
72/ &nf&G,fcsufrsm; 203
73/ jrefrmEkdifiHaq;aumifpDzGJUpnf;jcif; 204
74/ aumifpD\ wm0efESifh vkyfykdifcGifhrsm; 205
75/ aumifpD0ifESifh tvkyftrIaqmiftzGJU0ifrsm;\ &ykdifcGifhrsm; 207
76/ aumifpD0iftjzpfrS&yfpJjcif; 208
77/ tpnf;ta0;usif;yjcif; 208
78/ ½kH;tzGJU zGJUpnf;jcif;ESifh wm0efay;jcif; 209
79/ b@ma&; 209
80/ q&m0efrSwfykHwifvufrSwf 209
81/ aq;ukocGifhvkdifpif 210
82/ rSwfykHwifq&m0efESifhaq;ukocGifhvkdifpif&q&m0ef\ wm0efESifh&ykdifcGifhrsm; 212
83/ t,lcHjcif; 213
84/ wm;jrpfcsufESifh jypf'Pfrsm; 213
85/ taxGaxG 214
86/ jrefrmEkdifiHaq;aumifpDtaxGaxGaq;ukorIqkdif&mñTefMum;csufrsm; 216
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tcef; (6)
tPkp dwfpDr Hcsufa&;qGJj cif; pepf
87/ tPkpdwfpDrHcsufa&;qGJjcif;pepf 225
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tcef; (1)
ppfO D;pD;qdki f& mrsm;
aq;0efx rf;wyfzGJU\ &nfrSef;csufwm0ef
1/ aq;0efxrf;wyfzGJU\ &nfrSef;csufwm0efrSm wyfrawmfom;rsm;ESifh rdom;pk0ifrsm;tm;

ae&ma'ora&G;? tcsdeftcgra&G;? tqifhtwef;ra&G; jynfhpHkvHkavmufaom usef;rma&;
apmifha&SmufrSkay;&ef yifjzpfygonf/ aq;0efxrf;wyfzGJU\ t"duwm0ef aqmifyk'frSm usef;rm BuHUckdif
wkdufEdkif&ef( MAKE FIT TO FIGHT )[lí jzpfygonf/
2/ aq;0efxrf;wyfzGJU0ifrsm;tm;vHk;twGuf vkyfief;vrf;ñTefrSm apwem? tMuifem? ab;uif;uGm

(SINCERITY, SYMPATHY AND SAFETY) [lí jzpfygonf/
W.H.O DEFINITION OF HEALTH
3/ “ Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of
disease or infirmity.”
MILITARY HEALTH
4/ Prevention of disease plays a prominent role in defence forces medical services and as such, efforts have
been made to encourage an attitude of mind towards preventive medicine which is essential if the medical services
are to accomplish their primary mission. This is to preserve and enhance the health of their military personnel and
their families.
5/ Medical officers in the service are expected to familiarise themselves with the World Health
Organization (W.H.O) definition of health. If this concept is put into military context, it becomes clear that there is
scope for work, research and interest for more than that suggested in the essential stereotyped and
circumscribed duties given in the regulations.
wyf&if;aq;rSL;\wm0ef0wå&m;rsm;
6/ wyf&if;aq;rSL;onf wyf&if;aq;wyfpk\ wm0efcHt&m&dSjzpfonf/ wyf&if;rSL;tm;

aq;bufqdkif&m udpö&yfrsm;twGuf tBuHjyKwifjy&rnf/ aq;wyfpk&dSppfonfrsm;\ t&nftcsif;
wdk;wufjrifhrm;a&;twGuf avhusifhaqmif&Gufay;&rnf/ wyf&if;&dSt&m&dS? ppfonfrsm;ESifh
rDScdkoltdrfaxmifonf rdom;pk0ifrsm;\ usef;rma&;? aq;tumtuG,fay;a&;wdkYudk wm0ef,l&rnf/
xdkYtjyif aq;bufqdkif&mtodynmESifh A[kokw<u,f0jrifhrm;vm&eftwGuf ynmay;aqG;aEG;jcif;udk
aqmif&Guf&rnf/
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7/ wyf&if;aq;rSL;onf aq;wyfpk\ wyfpkrSL;jzpfonfhtjyif atmufygwm0efrsm;udk
xrf;aqmif&rnf-
(u) aq;rSL;onfwyfpcef;rsm;odkY tenf;qHk; wpfvvQif wpfBudrfusESifh wyf&if; wef;vsm;rsm;
tm;vHk;odkY ckESpf&ufvQifwpfBudrf usef;rma&;? oefY&Sif;a&;? a&m*gumuG,fa&;
vkyfief;rsm;tm; pepfwusaqmif&Gufxm;jcif; &dS^r&dSudk ppfaq;aqmif&Guf&efESifh
ysufuGufonfudk awGU&dSygu wyf&if;rSL;xHwifjy&rnf/ ppfaq;Munfh½Ijcif;
rSwfwrf;udkvnf; wyf&if;rSL;xH wifjy&rnf/
(c) aq;rSL;onf rusef;rmolrsm;tm; udk,fwdkifvdkufvH ppfaq;Munfh½INyD; aq;ukoay;jcif;?
omrefukxHk;jzifh uko&efxuf tajctaeqdk;vGef;olrsm;tm; aq;½HkBuD;rsm;odkY apvTwf
aq;ukoap&rnf/ aq;cef;wGif omreftm;jzifh vlrrmrsm;tm; 24 em&Dxuf ausmfvGef
rxm;&/
(*) rusef;rmolrsm;tm; ¤if;wdkY\ a&m*gESifhwuG aeYpOfpm&if;jyKpkNyD; xl;jcm;csufrsm;&dSygu
wyf&if;rSL;xH tBuHÓPfay; wifjy&rnf/
(C) AdkvfBuD;(aq;rSL;)onf wyfwGif;&dS t&m&dS^t&mcH^tMuyfwyfom;rsm;ESifh wyfrdom;pk0if
rsm;tm; tcsdefumvtavsmuf umuG,faq;xdk;Edkifa&; pDpOfay;&rnf/
(i) rdrdaq;cef;twGif;xm;&dS&rnfh aq;0g;rsm;udk pm&if;ESifhwuGxm;&dSjcif;? xdef;odrf;jcif;?
oHk;pJGNyD;onfhtcg vdktyfaomaq;0g;rsm;udk jznfhwif;awmif;cHjcif;rsm; jyKvkyf&rnf/
(p) jyefwrf;ESifhtpD&ifcHpmrsm;udk wyfa&;xH tcsdefrD ay;ydkY&rnf/
(q) wyf&if;&dS ppfonfrdom;pkrsm;tm;vHk;tm; wJGzufrpm;oifhaom tpm;tpmrsm; od&dSapa&;
ynmay;jcif;? wyf&if;aq;cef;wGif um;csyfcsdwfqJGxm;jcif;wdkY aqmif&Guf&rnf/
(Z) wyf&if;aq;wyfpkudk ppfqifa&;wm0ef xrf;aqmif&mwGifvnf;aumif;? wyf&if;XmecsKyfü
vnf;aumif; tiftm;tjynfht0 wm0efxrf;aqmifEdkifa&; tiftm;jznfhwif;í
avhusifhay;&rnf/
(ps) ppfonfrsm;udk tenf;qHk;wpfvvQifwpfBudrf ul;pufwwfaoma&m*grsm; &dS^r&dS
ppfaq;&rnf/ xl;jcm;aom ul;pufa&m*gtajctaeawGU&dSygu wyf&if;rSL;xH csufcsif;
wifjy&rnf/
(n) tqifhtwef;tm;vHk;ESifh rDScdkoltm;vHk;udk aoG;tkyfpkrsm; cJGjcm;í rSwfyHkwifxm;&rnf/
(#) wyf&if;rS wyfe,faq;½HkESifh jynfolYaq;½Hkrsm;odkY wufa&mufukoaeolrsm;tm; rMumcP
oGm;a&muf Munfh½Iapmifha&Smuf&rnf/
(X) aq;ay;cef;ESifh om;zGm;cef;ywf0ef;usif om,mvSyapa&;twGuf yef;tvSyif? &moDoD;ESHyif?
t&dyf&yif? ESpf&Snfpm;oHk;yifrsm; pdkufysdK;rIudk OD;aqmif&rnf/
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(!) wyf&if;rSL;\ cGifhjyKcsufr&&dSbJ wyfe,fajrrS a0;uGmaomae&mrsm;odkY xGufcGmjcif;rjyK&/
(¡) aq;cef;vdkuf ppfonf^&Jar^rDScdkoltm;vHk;udk wpfudk,fa&oefY&Sif;a&;? tdrfwGif;tdrfjyif
oefY&Sif;a&;? ywf0ef;usifoefY&Sif;a&;qdkif&mrsm;udk aeYpOf ñTefMum;Muyfrwf&rnf/
(P) wyfwGif;&dS a&wGif;â&uefrsm;? tdrfomrsm; oefY&Sif;a&;? pm;&dyfomESifh rD;zdkacsmifrsm;wGif
usef;rma&;ESifhnDñGwfrI&dSatmif csufjyKwf? auR;arG;? pm;oHk;a&;? tdyfaqmifrsm;
twGif;^tjyif oefY&Sif;a&;? vlaetaqmuftODrsm;teD;wGif csHKykwfESifha&AGuf? a&tdkifrsm;
r&dSapa&;wdkYtm; aeYpOf^tywfpOf ppfaq;NyD; wyf&if;rSL;xH wifjy&rnf/
(w) ul;pufa&m*grsm; BudKwifumuG,fa&;twGuf wpfcgoHk;aq;xdk;tyfESifh aq;xkd;>yef
toHk;jyKrI rSwfwrf;? qHoqdkifwGif ppfonfwpfOD;vQif wpfcgoHk;rkwfqdwf&dwf"m;
wpfacsmif;pD toHk;jyKrI rSwfwrf;xm;&dSjcif;ESifh ppfaq;Muyfrwf wifjyjcif;rsm; jyKvkyf&rnf/
(x) a&SUwef;ppfqifa&;wm0efxrf;aqmifcsdefwGif t&m&dS? t&mcH? tMuyf? ppfonfrsm;\
wdkufcdkufa&;pGrf;&nfjrifhrm;a&;udk taxmuftuljyK&rnfhtjyif wyfjyifpnf;½Hk;a&;twGuf
a'ocHvlxk\ usef;rma&;udk wwfpGrf;orQ aqmif&Guf&rnf/
8/ wyf&if;aq;rSL;onf wyf&if;\usef;rma&;qkdif&m udpöt00udk wyf&if;rSL;tm; wm0efcH&ol

omjzpfonf/ odkUaomf usef;rma&;udpöt00\ t"duwm0ef&Sdolonf wyf&if;aq;rSL;omvQif
jzpfygonf/ wyf&if;aq;rSL;wpfOD;\ wm0efrsm;udk atmufygtwkdif;(10)ykdif; owfrSwfxm;ygonf-
(u) wyf&if;wpf&if;vkH;&Sd ppfonf^tdrfaxmifonf^ppfonftpm;cefYt&yfom;wdkYudk
a&m*gb,ab;rS umuG,fjcif;(Preventive Duties)
( c) a&m*gjzpfolrsm;udk ukojcif; (Curative Duties)
( *) a&m*gjzpfolrsm;qufvufaq;ukoEdkifjcif;(Transfer and Referral Duties)
(C) usef;rma&;ynmay;a[majymydkYcsrIESifhusef;rma&;ynm?aq;ynmoifwef;rsm;
ydkYcsjcif;(Health Education and Training)
( i) aq;ukorIrSwfwrf;? usef;rma&;pm&if;Z,m;rsm;? aq;0g;ESifhaq;ypönf;ud&d,m
pm&if;Z,m; rsm;xm;&Sda&;ESifh xdef;odrf;jcif;(Health Statistics, File and Ledger System’s)
( p) usef;rma&;qkdif&mtBuHÓPfrsm;ay;jcif;(Health Advising)
(q) aq;0efxrf;wyfzGJY\ usihf0wfodu©m? aq;ynm&Sif\usihf0wfodu©mwdkYudk xdef;odrf;jcif;ESifh
vkdufemaqmif&Gufjcif;(Professional Discipline and Medical Ethics)
( Z) yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufjcif; (Co-operation)
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(ps) ppfqifa&;wm0ef vkdufygaqmif&Gufjcif;ESifh ppfajrjyifaq;tumtuG,fay;jcif;
(Operation Duties and Field Medical Cover)
(n) aq;wyfpkESifh om;zGm;cef;udk uGyfuJjcif;/

9/ a&m*gb,ab;rS umuG,fj cif; (Preventive Duties)
(u) umuG,fa q;xdk;ESHj cif;

(1) ar;ckdifa&m*gumuG,faq;udk ppfonftqifhtwef;tm;vkH; xdk;ESHap&ef/
(2) ar;ckdifa&m*gumuG,faq;udk tdrfaxmifpk0if(&Jar? rSDcdkolom;orD;rsm;)tm;vkH;
xdk;ESH ap&ef/
(3) ESpfpOf wpfESpfwpfcg(Zefe0g&Dv)wGif xdk;ESHay;&ef? aemuftusqkH;
azazmf0g&DvwGif xdk;ESHay;&ef? yxrESpf\ 'DZifbmvwGif umuG,faq;0g;rsm;
&&SdNyD;jzpf&ef? umuG,faq;awmif;cHvTmrsm;udk atmufygvlOD;a&ykHpHjzifh
pufwifbmv aemufqkH; ywf odkYr[kwf atmufwdkbmv yxrywfwGif
oufqkdif&mppfajrjyif aq;wyf&if;rsm; odkY ay;ydkYawmif;cH&ygrnf-
(uu) wyfrawmfom;OD;a& ( ) OD;
( cc ) tdrfaxmifonftrsKd;orD;OD;a& ( ) OD;
( ** ) 12-ESpftxufuav;OD;a& ( ) OD;
(CC) 12-ESpfrS2-ESpfxduav;OD;a& ( ) OD;
( ii ) 2-ESpfatmuf uav;OD;a& ( ) OD;
( pp ) aq;ukocGifh&Sd t&yfom;trIxrf;ESifhrSDcdkolOD;a&( )OD;
(4) tajctaet& vdktyfygu yvdyf? 0rf; paom umuG,faq;rsm; tcsdefrD
xdk;Edkifa&;udk aqmif&Guf&rnf/
(5) wpfESpfatmufuav;rsm; umuG,faq;xkd;&ef oufqkdif&mppfajrjyifaq;wyf&if;?
ppfaq;½kH? t&yfaq;½kH? usef;rma&;OD;pD;Xme? rdcifESifhuav;
apmifha&Smufa&;toif; ponfwdkUESifh ñSdEIdif;aqmif&Guf&rnf/
(c) ywf0ef;usifoefU&Sif;a&;ppfa q;csufrSwfwrf;xm;&Sdí ywf0ef;usifoefY&Sif;a&;
aqmif&Gufjcif;(Environmental Sanitation)/ wyf&if;aq;rSL;onf wm0efrSL;^
wm0efMuyf^wyf&if;t&mcHAdkvfwdkYvkdufygvsuf atmufygwdkYudk ppfaq;í awGU&SdcsufESifh
tBuHjyKcsuftm; wyf&if;rSL;xH wifjy&rnf(Sanitary Diary)-
(1) taqmuftODrsm;tm;vkH;
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(2) tdrfaxmifonfvdkif;
(3) tdrfomrsm;
(4) pm;&dyfomESifhrD;zdkBuD;
(5) xrif;[if;csufjyKwfolrsm;
(6) ausmif;rsm;
(7) wyf&if;aps;qkdifrsm;
(8) arG;jrLa&;NcHrsm;
(9) aomufokH;a&uefrsm;
(*) ppfonfrsm;usef;rma&;ppfa q;jcif;
(1) wpfvwpfBudrf tqifhtwef;tm;vkH;\ taxGaxGusef;rma&;ppfaq;jcif;/
(2) tjcm;wyfodkYajymif;a&TUrnfhppfonfrsm;tm; usef;rma&;ppfaq;jcif;ESifh rSwfwrf;
ay;ydkYjcif;/
(C) usef;rma&;ynmay;vkyfief;rsm;aqmif&Gufj cif;
(1) ynmay;ydkpwmrsm;? qkdif;bkwfrsm;udk aq;cef;wGif csdwfqGJjcif;/
(2) wm0ef&Sdoltqifhqifhtm; owif;ydkYí wyf&if;&Sdtjcm;oifhavsmfrnfh ae&mrsm;wGif
ynmay;ydkpwmESifh qkdif;bkwfrsm;csdwfqGJjcif;/
(3) tm[m&jynfh0a&;? &moDtvkdufjzpfwwfaoma&m*grsm; umuG,fa&; ponfjzifh
vdktyfcsuftay:rlwnfí usef;rma&;ynmay;a[majymrIrsm;udk vpOfESifhtcg
tm;avsmfpGm aqmif&Gufjcif;/ (vpOf qEázmfxkwfyGJrsm;? aqG;aEG;yGJrsm;tNyD;wGif
tcsdefem&D0ufcefY,lí aqG;aEG;oifhygonf/)
(i) a&m*gapmifhM unfha xmufvSrf;jcif; (Surveillance) / txl;ojzifh uyfa&m*gusa&muf
wwfaom tcsdefwdkYwGif aqmif&Guf&ygrnf/ wyf&if;rSL;\ oabmwlnD csuf&,lí
a&m*gudk vufOD;rI &&Sda&;twGuf a&m*g&Sdoludk BudKwifazmfxkwfEdkif&ef jzpfonf-
(1) vdkif;rSL;? vdkif;Muyfrsm;rSwpfqifh axmufvSrf;azmfxkwfjcif;/
(2) aq;wyfpk0ifrsm;rSwpfqifh azmfxkwfjcif;/
(3) txl;zGJUpnf;xm;aom vQdKU0SuftzGJUrsm;jzifh pkHprf;azmfxkwfjcif;/
(4) uyfa&m*grsm;tm; (24)em&DtwGif; txufXmersm;odkY owif;ydkUjcif; ESifh
ñTefMum;csuf twkdif;aqmif&Gufjcif;/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(p) aq;cef;rSwpfqifh a&m*gul;pufj yefYyGm;rIumuG,fa &;
(1) aq;cef;okH;ypönf;ud&d,mrsm;udk ñTefMum;csuftwkdif; ydk;oefYpifa&; aqmif&Guf&ef/
(2) AIDS, toJa&miftom;0grjyefYyGm;a&;twGuf wpfcgoHk;aq;xdk;tyfrsm;
toHk;jyK&ef ESifh aq;xkd;ud&d,mrsm;toHk;jyKygu qlyGufNyD; (2)rdepfMumrS
pwiftokH;jyKa&; BuD;Muyf&ef/
(q) ,if? jcif? acG;avacG;vGifh okwfoifESdrfeif;a&;/ tcgtm;avsmfpGm vdktyfonfh
tcgrsm; wGif wyf&if;\ ulnDyhHydk;rIudk &,laqmif&Guf&rnf/
10/ a&m*g&Sdolrsm;udk ukojcif;(Curative Duties)

(u) vlemMunfhcsdef/ ta&;ay:vlemrsm;tm; (24)em&D Munfh½Iukoay;&rnf/ usefomref
vlemrsm;tm; wyf&if;rSL; owfrSwfxm;onfh tcsdef twdkif; Munfh½I&rnf/
(c) aq;0g;wdkufa uR;^xdk;ESHjcif;
(1) a&m*gESifhoifhavsmfrnfhaq;0g;rsm;udk ñTefMum;í vlemxHodkY trSeftuef jynfh0pGm
a&muf&Sd&ef BuD;Muyf&rnf/
(2) rwnfhaomaq;0g;rsm; ray;rdap&ef txl;*½kjyK ar;jref;prf;oyf&rnf/
(*) rSwfcsufa &;om;jcif;
(1) owfrSwfaq;ykHpH(vkdif;ppfpmtkyf) aq; 20(u)wGif wduspGma&;rSwf&rnf/
(2) rSwfcsufrsm;owfrSwfj cif;
(uu) M&D - aq;ukoNyD;
rlvwm0efjyefxrf;aqmif&ef/(aemufaeUjyefjy&ef rvdkyg)/
( cc ) A - aq;ukoNyD;wyfwGif;wm0efxrf;aqmif&ef/(aemufaeYjyefjy&ef)/
( ** ) B - aq;ukocHNyD; oufomaomwm0ef xrf;aqmif&ef/
(CC) C - aq;ukocH,lNyD; wm0efrS vkH;0em;ae&ef/
( ii ) Detained - aq;cef;wGif acwåxm;í uko&ef/ (24-em&Drausmf&)/
( pp) Duty - rvdkvm;tyfbJ aq;cef;vmjyjcif;jzpfonf/ 4if;tm;
wm0efjyefvnf xrf;aqmifap&ef ESifh vdktyfygu jypf'Pfay;Edkifonf/
rSwfcsuf/ þrSwfcsufrsm;a&;om;&mwGif wyf\ vkyfief;aqmifwmrsm; rxdcdkufap&ef
csdefqa&;rSwf&rnf/ vlemvnf;rxdcdkufap&ef aocsmprf;oyfNyD;rS a&;rSwf&rnf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(3) t&m&Sdaq;rSwfcsufa &;om;jcif;/ tem;,l&efvdktyfaom t&m&Sdudk Sick in
Quarter (tdrfwGiftem;ay;jcif;)(S.I.Q)ay;&rnf/ odkYaomf (3)&ufxufydkray;&/
(S.I.Q)&aom t&m&Sdonf wyf&if;rSL;xH owif;ydkYap&rnf/ jzpfpOfudkvnf;
wyf&if;rSL;xH tpD&ifcH&rnf/
11/ a&m*gjzpfolqufvufa q;0g;ukoEdkifa&;aqmif&Gufj cif; (Transfer and Referral)
(u) vTJa jymif;ukoapjcif;
(1) vTJajymif;uko&efvdkoludk eD;pyf&maq;½kHodkY tcsdefrD ydkYaqmif&rnf/
(2) a&m*gprf;oyfawGU&Sdcsufrsm;ESifhukorIrsm;udk jynfhpkHpGma&;om; vTJajymif; ay;&rnf/
(c) aq;½kHydkY vlemrsm;udk oGm;a&mufMunfh&Ij cif;/ rdrdwyf&if;rS t&yfaq;½kH? ppfaq;½kHodkY
ydkYaqmifxm;aom vlemrsm;xH rSefrSefoGm;a&mufí tm;ay;jcif;? aq;½kHrS
ñTefMum;csufrsm;udk aqmif&Gufjcif;? wyf&if;rSL;xHowif;ydkYjcif;wdkYudk aqmif&Gufum
rSwfwrf;xm;&Sd&rnf/
12/ usef;rma&;ynmay;jcif;ESifh avhusifhj cif; (Health Education and Training)
(u) ynmay;vkyfief;rsm;/ a&m*gumuG,fa&;vkyfief;wpf&yftaejzifh aqmif&Guf&rnf/
atmufygwdkYudk ynmay;&rnf-
(1) aq;ywåD;tokH;jyKenf;/
(2) tajccHa&S;OD;olemjyKpkenf;/
(3) wpfudk,fa&oefY&Sif;a&;/
(4) umvom;a&m*gESifh Malaria, AIDS a&m*grsm;/
(5) jcifrS ul;pufaoma&m*grsm;/
(6) uav;rsm;wGif jzpfwwfaoma&m*grsm;/
(c) avhusifhjcif;
(1) aq;wyfom;rsm;avhusifha &;/ rdrdaq;wyfpk&Sd aq;wyfom;rsm;udk aq;ynm
pGrf;&nf? pdwf"mwf? pnf;urf;aumif;rGefa&;twGuf avhusihfa&;rsm;? oifwef;rsm;
ykHrSefaqmif&Guf&rnf/
(2) wyf&if;&Sd tqifhtwef;tm;vkH; a&S;OD;olemjyKpkenf; wwfuRrf;atmif tvSnfhus
pepfjzifh avhusifhay;&rnf/
(3) oifhavsmfolrsm;udk aq;wyfpkoifwef;? wwd,tqifholemjyKoifwef; ponfwdkYudk
apvTwfEdkifa&; wifjyaqmif&Guf&rnf/
(4) wyf&if;\ avhusifha&;tpDtpOfudk oabmaygufatmif avhvmxm;&rnf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
13/ aq;ukorIrSwfwrf;? usef;rma&;pm&if;Z,m;? aq;ESifha q;ypönf;ud&d,mrsm; pm&if;
Z,m;rsm;xm;&Sdxdef;odrf;jcif; (Health Statistics, File + Ledger systems)
(u) usef;rma&;qkdif&mjyefwrf;rsm;/ atmufygwdkYudk oufqdkif&mrsm;odkY vpOfvqef;

(7)&ufaeY ta&muf ay;ydkYEkdifa&; pDpOfaqmif&Guf&rnf-
(1) aq;wyfpktiftm;jyefwrf;/
(2) umuG,faq;xdk;jyefwrf;/
(3) udk,f0efaqmifESifharG;zGm;jcif;qkdif&mjyefwrf;/
(4) usef;rma&;tpD&ifcHpm/
(5) aq;½kHwuf^qif;jyefwrf;(ppfonf)/
(6) aq;½kHwuf^qif;jyefwrf;(tdrfaxmifpk0if)/
(7) aq;tqifhedrfhusolrsm;jyefwrf;/
(8) iSufzsm;a&m*gjzpfyGm;rIjyefwrf;(twkd;^tavsmh)/
(9) ppfajrjyifxdcdkuf'Pf&m&jyefwrf;/
(c) aq;ESifha q;ypönf;ud&d,mrsm;? aq;cef;okH;ypönf;rsm;
(1) wyf&if;aq;cef;okH;aq;0g;? wyfcGJaq;0g;rsm;? om;zGm;cef;okH;aq;0g;rsm;udk (6)
vwpfBudrf tcsdefrD xkwf,lEdkifa&; vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;twkdif; aqmif&Guf&rnf/
(2) aq;0g;rsm;udk pepfwus pm&if;oGif;? xdef;odrf;? tokH;jyKa&;udk pDpOf
aqmif&Guf&rnf/
(3) &oifhaq;ypönf;ud&d,mrsm;? aq;cef;? om;zGm;cef;okH; ppfaxmufypönf;rsm;
jynfh0pGm &&Sda&;udk wyfaxmufXmeESifh ñSdEIdif;aqmif&Guf&rnf/
(4) aq;ypönf;ud&d,mrsm;? aq;cef;ôm;zGm;cef;okH; wyfaxmufypönf;rsm;udk
pepfwus xddef;odrf;tokH;jyKa&;udk pDpOfaqmif&Guf&rnf/
(*) zdkifwGJESifhv,f*smrsm;tm; xm;&Sdxdef;odrf;jcif;
(C) ykHj yoauFwrsm;a&;qGJxm;&Sdj cif;/ vpOfvlemtajcjyZ,m;? iSufzsm;a&m*g
tajcjyZ,m;? tjzpfrsm;aom a&m*grsm;tajcjyZ,m; ponfwdkYudk a&;qGJxm;&Sd &rnf/
14/ usef;rma&;qkdif&mtBuHOmPfa y;jcif; (Medical Advising) / wyf&if;aq;rSL;onf wyf&if;rSL;\
aq;bufqkdif&m tBuHay;yk*d¾Kvfjzpfonfh tm;avsmfpGm vdktyfonfhtcgrsm;wGif a&SUwef;? aemufwef;
aq;bufqkdif&m tBuHOmPfrsm;ay;&rnf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
15/ aq;0efxrf;usifh0wfESifh*kPfodu©m xdef;odrf;jr§ifhwifjcif;? vkdufemjcif;(Discipline)
(u) atmufyg usifh0wfodu©mrsm;udk vkdufem&rnf/ rdrdvufatmufaq;ppfonfrsm;
vkdufema&;udkvnf; BuD;Muyf&rnf-
(1) vlemudk tqifhtwef;rcGJjcm;bJ a&m*gtajctaetvdkuf *½kwpdkuf ukojcif;/
(2) vlem\ vQdKU0SufcsuftwGif;a&;rsm;udk rqkdifolrsm; rod&Sdatmif xdef;odrf;jcif;/
(3) &efol^rdwfaqG rcGJjcm;bJ *½kwpdkufukojcif;/
(4) udk,fusihfw&m;aumif;rGefatmif aexkdifjcif;/
(5) vlemepfemaprnfhudpörSeforQudk a&Smif&Sm;jcif;/
(6) tcsdefra&G;? ae&mra&G; vlemudk Munfh½SKukojcif;/
(c) aq;wyfzGJU\t"duwm0efESifha qmifyk'frsm;udkvdkufemtaumiftxnfa zmfj cif;
(1) t"duwm0ef ]] usef;rm? BuHUcdkif? wkdufEkdif&ef }} (Make Fit to Fight)
(2) aqmifyk'f ]] apwem? tMuifem? ab;uif;pGm }}(Sincerity, Sympathy, Safety)
16/ yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufj cif;(Co-Operation)

(u) aq;wyfzGJUrsm;/ wyf&if;aq;rSL;onf ajcvsifwyf&if;wGif wGJzufwm0ef
xrf;aqmifjcif;jzpfí oufqkdif&mwyf&if;rSL;\ BuD;MuyfuGyfuJrIudk cH,l&rnf/ odkYaomf
rdcifwyf&if;Xmejzpfaom aq;wyfzGJUrsm;(A[dkaq;wyfESifhe,fajrcHaq;wyf&if;)\
uGyfuJrIudkyg wpfNydKifwnf; cH,l&rnf/ odkYjzpfí e,fajrcHaq; wyf&if;? A[dkaq;wyfwdkYESifh
wifjyyl;aygif; aqmif&Guf&ef vdktyfonf/
(c) t&yfa q;½kH/ ppfaq;½kH? ppfajrjyifaq;wyf&if;r&Sdaom a'orsm;wGif twwfynmydkif;?
ukorItydkif;wdkUtwGuf t&yfbuf aq;½kH? q&m0efwdkYESifh ajyjypfpGm qufqHyl;aygif;
aqmif&Guf&rnf/
(*) oufqkdif&mwyf&if;/ twwfynmonfjzpfí wyf&if;wGif rdrdaqmif&Gufvdkonfh
wm0efrsm; NyD;ajrmufap&ef rdrdtwwfynmuRrf;usifrI? pnf;½kH;a&;aumif;rGefrI?
qufqHa&;ajyjypfrI? tepfemtyifyef;cHrIwdkYESifh jynfhpkH&ef tpOfowdcsyfBudK;yrf;&rnf/
odkYrSom wyf&if;\ yl;aygif;aqmif&GufrIudk &&Sdum vkyfief;wm0efrsm; NyD;ajrmufayrnf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
17/ ppfqifa&;wm0efxrf;aqmifj cif;ESifhppfa jrjyifaq;tumtuG,fa y;jcif; (Operational
Duties and Field Medical Cover)
(u) ppfajrjyifuRrf;usifrI/ a&SUwef;usus ppfqifa&;wm0efrsm;udk xrf;aqmif&rnf jzpfí

ppfajrjyifuRrf;usifrI&Sd&ef avhusifh&rnf/
(c) ppfajrjyifa&m*gumuG,fa&;/ rnfonfh ppfqifa&;ürqdk &efolYvufcsufjzifh xdcdkuf
'Pf&m &olxuf a&m*gaMumifh wdkufcdkufa&;tiftm; avsmhyg;jcif;rSm ydkrkdavh&Sdygonf/
xdkYaMumifh atmufyga&m*gumuG,fa&;vkyfief;rsm;udk umv? a'o? tajctaet&
aqmif&Guf&rnf-
(1) aomufokH;a& oefY&Sif;a&;/
(2) tpm;taomuf tEÅ&m,fuif;&Sif;a&;/
(3) tnpftaMu;rsm; pepfwuspGefYypfa&;/
(4) <uuf? jcif? ,if ESdrfeif;a&;/
(5) ppfonfwkdif; iSufzsm;umuG,faq;rsm; aomufokH;Edkifa&;/
(*) ppfajrjyifukojcif;
(1) a&SUwef;wGif a&SUwef;aq;ukorIpcef; (Regimental Aid Post) (RAP) zGifhvSpfí
vlemrsm;oufomrI&ap&ef tpGrf;ukefaqmif&Guf&rnf/
(2) tajctaeay;onfESifhwpfNydKifeuf q&m0efaq;rSL;&Sdonfh a&SUajy;aq;xnfhtzGJU
(Light Advanced Dressing Station )( L.A.D.S) &Sd&m enf;AsL[m? ppfAsL[mrsm;odkY
ydkYaqmif&rnf/
18/ aq;wyfpkESifhom;zGm;cef;udkuGyfuJj cif;/ atmufygtwkdif;jzpfygonf-
(u) aq;wyfpktkyfcsKyfj cif;/ wyf&if;aq;rSL;onf aq;wyfpk\ wyfpkrSL; wm0efudk
xrf;aqmifae&onfjzpfí rdrdaq;wyfpk0ifrsm; twwfynm? pdwf"mwf pnf;urf;?
oufomacsmifcsda&;wdkUaumif;rGefap&ef em,u*kPf(6)yg;? tBuD;tuJ usifh0wfwkdYESifh
tnD tkyfcsKyfuGyfuJ&rnf/
(c) om;zGm;cef;
(1) udk,f0efaqmif ppfaq;jcif;? om;zGm;jcif;rsm;udk wyfMuyfBuD;ôm;zGm;rSom
aqmif&Gufap&rnf/
(2) wyfMuyfBuD;ôm;zGm;vkyfief;udkBuD;Muyfay;jcif;? aq;0g;&&Sda&;ESifh okH;pGJ jcif;rsm;udk
ulnDay;jcif;ESifh BuD;Muyfay;jcif;wdkY aqmif&Guf&rnf/
(3) trsKd;orD; cGJpdwf?zsm;emvlemrsm;udkrl aq;vufaxmuft&mcHAdkvfrSom aqmif&Guf
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
&rnf/ trsKd;orD;vlemrsm;udk prf;oyf&mwGif trsKd;orD;tazmfwpfOD; tNrJ&Sdae ap&rnf/
wyfpkrSL;? aq;½kHwyfpk\ wm0ef0wå&m;rsm;
19/ wyfpkrSL;? aq;½kHwyfpk\ wm0ef0wå&m;rsm;rSm atmufygtwkdif;jzpfygonf-
(u) wyfpkrSL;? aq;½kHwyfpkonf a&m*g^'Pf&m&vlemrsm;ukd aESmifhaES;usefUMumjcif;r&SdbJ
tjrefqkH;xda&mufatmifjrifpGm ukoay;Ekdifa&;twGuf toifh&Sdae&rnf/
( c) wyf&if;rSL;? wyfcGJrSL;wkdUrS csrSwfay;xm;aom rl0g'rsm;? trdefUESifh
ñTefMum;csufrsm;tm; aq;½kHwyfpk&Sd tqihftwef;tm;vkH;u
vkdufemaqmif&Guf&eftwGuf Muyfrwf uGyfuJ &rnf/
( *) ppfOD;pD;? ppfa&;? ppfaxmufqkdif&mudpö&yfrsm;ESifh ywfoufí wyfcGJrSL;okdUwifjyNyD;
wyfcGJrSL;? wyf&if;rSL;wkdU\ ñTefMum;csuftwkdif;vkdufem aqmif&Guf&rnf/
(C) rdrdaq;½kHwyfpk&Sd ppfonfrsm;? avhusihfa&;? pnf;urf;aumif;rGefa&;?
oufomacsmifcsda&; ESifh pdwf"mwfjrifhrm;a&;wkdUwGif wm0ef&Sdonf/
( i) vkdtyfygu a&SUwef;ppfajrjyifwGif aq;½kHwyfpkzGihfvSpf&ef ñTefMum;csuf&&Sdygu
vltiftm;? ypönf;tiftm; xkwfEkwfí tjrefqkH;a&TUajymif;zGihfvSpf&ef BudKwifpkzGJU
pDrHaqmif&Guf xm;&rnf/
( p) ppfqifa&;ESifh rawmfwqxdckdufrIaMumifhaomfvnf;aumif;? obm0ab;tEÅ&m,f
aMumifh aomfvnf;aumif; vlemrsm;tpkvkduftNyKHvkdufa&muf&Sdvmygu jrefqef
xda&mufaom usef;rma&; apmifha&SmufrIay;Edkif&ef BuKdwifpDrHZmwfwkduf avhusifh
xm;&rnf/
(q) ta&;ay:vlemrsm;tm; aq;½kHwyfpkwGif jyKpkukoay;NyD; vkdtyfygu wyfrawmfaq;½kH
rsm;okdU ajymif;a&TUukoEkdifa&;twGuf pDrHaqmif&Gufxm;&rnf/
( Z) aq;bufqkdif&mjyefwrf;rsm;? vlempm&if;Z,m;rsm;ukd ñTefMum;csuftwkdif;xm;&Sdí
wyf&if;okdUowfrSwfcsdefta&muf ay;ykdUEkdifa&; MuyfrwfuGyfuJEkdif&rnf/
( ps) rdrdaq;½kHwyfpk&Sd ppfonftiftm;ukd aq;ukoa&;? vkHNcKHa&;? ppfqifa&;ESifh
wyfoefU&Sif; om,mvSya&;wkdUwGif pepfwusjzefUcGJ wm0efay;&rnf/
(n) aq;ESifh aq;ypönf;ud&d,mrsm; vlemcef;aqmifypönf;rsm; owfrSwfxm;onfhtwdkif;
&&Sda&;twGuf wyfcGJrSL;rS wpfqihfwyf&if;okdU wifjyaqmif&Guf&rnf/
tqkdygypönf;rsm;ukd vkyfxkH;vkyfenf; ESifhtnD xdef;odrf;í xkwf,lokH;pGJa&;?
pm&if;Z,m;rsm; ñTefMum;csuf twkdif;xm;&Sda&; MuyfrwfuGyfuJ&rnf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
( #) aq;½kHwyfpk&Sd ynmonfppfonfrsm;\ pOfqufrjywfaq;bufynm wkd;wuf
jrihfrm;a&;twGufrGrf;rHoifwef;rsm;?ynm&yfqkdif&maqG;aEG;yGJrsm; aqmif&Gufay;&rnf/
( X) rdrdaq;½kHwyfpk&Sde,fajrtwGif; ul;pufa&m*grsm;? obm0ab;tEÅ&m,frsm; usa&muf
ygu wyfcGJrSL;rSwpfqifh wyf&if;rSL;xH tcsdefESifhwpfajy;nDwifjyNyD; xda&mufaom
ukorI rsm;ukd ñTefMum;csuf ESihftnD aqmif&Guf&rnf/
( !) rdrdaq;½kHwyfpkokdU cefUcGJay;xm;aom taqmuftODrsm;? o,f,lykdUaqmifa&;,mOfrsm;?
vufeufrsm;? cGJpdwfud&d,mwefqmyvmrsm;ESifh aq;ypönf;rsm;\ tajctae
aumif;rGefa&;twGuf wyfcGJrSL;? wyf&if;rSL;\ ñTefMum;csufESifhtnD xdef;odrf;
apmifha&Smuf&ef wm0ef&Sdonf/
ppfajrjyifaq;wyfcGJrSL;\ wm0ef0wå&m;rsm;
20/ wyfcGJrSL;\ wm0efrSm wyf&if;rSL;\ pDrHcsuf xajrmufatmifjrifap&eftwGuf rdrdwyfcGJtm;
uGyfuJMuyfrwfoGm;&rnf/ ppfqifa&;rsm;wGif a&m*g? 'Pf&m&&Sdolrsm;ukd tjrefqkH;aq;ukoay;&ef ESihf
cGJpdwfukojcif;? aq;tumtuG,fay;jcif;vkyfief;rsm;wGif pepfwus&Sdapa&;twGuf pDrHuGyfuJ&rnf/
21/ xkdUtjyif ppfajrjyifaq;wyfcGJrSL;onf wyfr^pucrSL;\ aq;bufqkdif&mtBuHay; t&m&Sd
jzpfonf/wyfr^pucrSL;tm; aq;ESifhywfoufaom udpöt00wkdYwGif vkdtyfaom tBuHOmPfrsm;ay;&NyD;
wyfr^ pucXmecsKyfvufatmufwGif &Sdaomwyfrsm;tm;vkH;twGuf aq;tumtuG,fay;a&;ukd
wm0ef,l &rnf/
22/ ppfajrjyifaq;wyfcGJrSL;\ wm0ef0wå&m;rsm;-
(u) wyf&if;rScsrSwfay;aomrl0g'rsm;ESifh trdefUñTefMum;csufrsm;tm; wyfcGJ&Sdtqihftwef;
tm;vkH;u vkdufemaqmif&Guf&eftwGuf MuyfrwfuGyfuJ&rnf/
( c) ppfOD;pD;? ppfa&;? ppfaxmufqkdif&mudpö&yfrsm;ESifh ywfoufí wyf&if;rSL;xHwifjyNyD;
ñTefMum;csuftwkdif; vkdufemaqmif&Guf&rnf/
( *) rdrdwyfcGJ&Sd ppfonfrsm;avhusifha&;? pnf;urf;aumif;rGefa&;? oufomacsmifcsda&;ESifh
pdwf"mwfjrifhrm;a&;wkdYwGif wm0ef&Sdonf/
(C) wyfr^ pucrSL;tm; wyfr^ pucXmecsKyfvufatmuf&Sd wyfrawmfom;rsm;tm;vkH;
twGuf aq;? usef;rma&;ESifh oufqkdifaom tBuHOmPfrsm;ay;&ef wm0ef&Sdonf/
( i) wyfr^ pucXmecsKyftaejzifh ppfqifa&;rsm;jyKvkyfaomtcg wyfr^ pucrSL;\
vkdvm;csuftwkdif; vkdtyfaomaq;tumtuG,fay;rIukd aqmif&Gufay;&rnf/
( p) wyfr^ pucvufatmufcHwyfrsm; aq;? aq;ypönf;ESifh cGJpdwfukoa&;qkdif&m ypönf;
ud&d,mrsm; owfrSwfxm;onhftwkdif;&&Sda&;? pepfwusxkwf,lokH;pGJa&;?
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
pm&if;Z,m;rsm;? jyefwrf;rsm;? ñTefMum;csuftwkdif;aqmif&Gufa&;
MuyfrwfuGyfuJ&rnf/
(q) rdrd wyfr^ pucXmecsKyfvufatmufcH wyf&if;^wyfzGJUrsm;&Sd aq;ypönf;rsm;
avsmhenf; aysmufqkH;? ysufpD;rIESifh ywfoufí jznhfwif;aqmif&Guf&mwGif
umuG,fa&;Xme aumifpDñTefMum;vTmtrSwf? 1^70ESifh aq;0efxrf;tkyfcsKyfrI
ñTefMum;vTmtrSwf? 1^75 wkdUt& aqmif&Guf&efMuyfrwfuGyfuJ&rnf/
( Z) wyfr^ puca&SUwef;XmecsKyf\ a&m*gb,BudKwifumuG,fa&;ESifh aq;0g;ukorIukd
BuD;MuyfuGyfuJ&rnf/
( ps) ppfAsL[mrsm;wGif wGJbufxm;aom e,fvSnfhaq;wyfpkrsm;\ tkyfcsKyfa&;ESifh
ukoa&;ukd BuD;MuyfuGyfuJ&rnf/
(n) a&SUwef; wyfr^ pucXmecsKyfwGif aq;½kH? aq;cef;zGifhvSpfí ta&;ay: ukoEkdif&ef
BuD;Muyfwm0ef,l&rnf/
( #) aq;½kHBuD;rsm;wGif qufvufuko&efvkdtyfaom a&m*g^'Pf&m&&Sdol vlemrsm;tm;
tcsdefrD ykdUaqmifEkdifa&;twGuf BudKwifpDpOfxm;&Sd&rnf/
( X) wyf&if;rSL;\ vrf;ñTefrIukdcH,lNyD; rdrdESifh oufqkdifaom aq;½kHwyfpkESifh wyfr^ puc
vufatmuf&Sd wyf&if;rsm;\ aq;ay;cef;rsm;? om;zGm;cef;rsm;tm; tcgtm;avsmfpGm
vkdufvHppfaq;Muyfrwf&rnf/
( !) wyfr^ pucvufatmuf&Sd wyf&if;^ wyfzGJUrsm;\ usef;rmoefU&Sif;a&;rsm;ukd
tcgtm; avsmfpGm vkdufvHppfaq;NyD;vkdtyfaom tcsufrsm;ukd wyfrSL;^wyfr^
pucXmecsKyf wm0efcHrsm;okdU tBuHOmPfrsm;ay;&rnf/
( ¡) wyfr^ pucvufatmufcH wyf&if;^ wyfzGJUrsm;tm; a&m*gb,BudKwif
umuG,fa&;ESifh usef;rma&;ynmay;a[majymykdUcs ynmay;rIrsm;ukd tcgtm;avsmfpGm
pDpOfaqmif&Guf ay;&rnf/
(P) a&SUwef;ppfqifa&;jyef ppfonfrsm;tiftm;jznhf&du©m auR;arG;Ekdifa&;twGuf
ppfaq;jcif; rsm; tcgtm;avsmfpGm aqmif&GufoGm;&rnf/
(w) wyfr^puc vufatmufcH wyf&if;rsm;&Sd aq;rSL;âq;vufaxmufrsm;\ aq;ynm
wwfuRrf;rIudk tpOfrjywfavhvmNyD; vkdtyfygu aq;rSL;âq;vufaxmufrGrf;rH
oifwef;rsm; zGifhvSpfykdUcsoGm;&rnf/
(x) wyfr^pucwkdU wyfXmecsKyfwGif jyefvnfpkzGJUavhusihfcsdeftwGif; vufatmufcH
wyf&if;rsm;&Sd ppfonftqihftwef;tm;vkH; a&SUOD;olemjyKynm&yfukd wwfajrmuf
ap&ef oifwef;rsm; zGifhvSpfykdUcsEkdifa&;twGuf pDrHNyD; Muyfrwfaqmif&Guf&rnf/
( ') rdrdwyfcGJokdU cefUcGJay;xm;aom taqmuftODrsm;? o,f,lykdUaqmifa&;,mOfrsm;?
vufeufrsm;? cGJpdwfud&d,mwefqmyvmrsm;ESifh aq;ypönf;rsm;\ tajctae
aumif;rGefa&;twGuf xdef;odrf;apmifha&Smuf&ef wm0ef&Sdonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
aq;0efxrf;tkyfcsKyfrIñTefM um;vTmrsm;
23/ atmufyg tkyfcsKyfrIñTefMum;vTmrsm;udk xkwfjyefxm;&Sdygonf-
(u) 1^54 Discipline /
( c) 3^54 Training Policy /
( *) 4^54 Burma Army Medical Journal /
(C) 5^54 Policy for using Ambulance Cars /
( i) 6^54 Indenting Procedure Medical Stores /
( p) 7^54 aq;0efxrf;wyfzJGUpma&;rsm;/
(q) 8^54 Medical Planning and Approciation /
( Z) 10^54 usufoa&aqmifyk*d¾KvfBuD;rsm;\ yHkrsm;wGif wyfwGif;&dyfomrsm;ESifh
pmMunfhaqmif rsm;wGif csdwfqJGxm;&dSa&;/
( ps) 3^55 &mxl;wdk;wufrItwGuf MoZm&dSolrsm;ESifh csOf;uyfajymqdkjcif;/
(n) 4^55 aq;ypönf;rsm; awmifcHvTmydkY&mwGif vdkufemaqmif&Guf&rnfh
pnf;urf;csufrsm;/
( #) 6^55 wyfrawmf,mOfrsm;wGif wyfzJGU\trSwftom;rsm; a&;cs,fowfrSwfjcif;/
( |) 1^56 wyfrawmfrSxGufcGifhjyKjcif;^xkwfy,fjcif;(aq;wyfzJGUrStjcm;tqifh
twef;rsm;)/
( !) 3^56 ajymif;a&TUae&mcsxm;onfhtcgwGif vdkufem&rnfh pnf;urf;csuf /
( ¡) 4^56 jyefwrf;ESifhtpD&ifcHpmrsm; (Reports and Returns) ay;ydkYjcif;/
(P) 5^56 wyfwGif;tkyfcsKyfa&;ESifh ywfoufaom tjzpftysufrsm;taMumif; tpD&ifcHpm
taMumif;Mum;csuf/
(w) 6^56 aq;ypönf;rsm;pm&if; jyefwrf;ay;ydkYjcif;? aq;ypönf;rsmawmif;cHjcif;/
(x) 7^56 &mxl;wdk;jr§ifhay;jcif;(aq;rSL;rsm;)/
( ') 2^57 aq;0efxrf;wyfzJGUñTefMum;csufrsm;ESifh wyfzJGU0ift&m&dSrsm; /
( ") 1^58 aq;0efxrf;wyfrsm;tm; vSnfhvnfppfaq;jcif;/
( e) 1^59 aq;rSL;rsm;tm; avhusifhoifMum;ay;&ef tpDtpOf/
( y) 2^59 Volk Wagon Ambulance &&dSNyD;aom wyfrsm;/
( z) 1^60 EdkifiHjcm;odkY ynmawmfoifapvTwfjcif;cH&aom wyfrawmfaq;wyfzJGU0ifrsm;
vdkufem&ef ñTefMum;csuf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
( A) 2^60 wyfrawmfaq;rSL;rsm; jyifyvlemrsm;udk aiGaMu;,lí aq;ukojcif;/
(b) 3^60 oifwef;wuf&ef EdkifiHjcm;odkY a&muf&dSaeaom ppfrIxrf;? t&mxrf;rsm;?
EdkifiHjcm;om;^ olrsm;ESifh vufxyfjcif;/
( r) 2^61 Armhwyfrawmf wyf&if;tvdkuf jyefvnfavhusifha&;/
(,) 3^61 aq;wyfzJGUrsm;tm; tkyfcsKyfrI/
( &) 4^61 ppfaq;½Hkrsm;wGif trIxrf;aeMuonfh aq;rSL;rsm; wm0eftuÐs0wfqifjcif;/
(v) 5^61 aq;½Hkrsm;wGif wm0efxrf;aeMuonfh aq;rSL;rsm; wm0eftuÐs0wfqifjcif;/
( 0) 6^61 aq;rSL;vufrSwfa&;xkd;jcif;/
(o) 1^62 aq;rSL;rsm; rdrdwdkY wm0efxrf;aqmifaeonfha'orS xGufcGgjcif;/
([) 3^62 olemwif,mOfrsm;toHk;jyKjcif;/
( V) 4^62 olemwif,mOfrsm;toHk;jyKjcif;/
(t) 5^62 t&m&dSrsm;tm;&mxl;wdk;jr§ifha&;ÊSpfwdk;vpm wdk;wufxkwf,la&;twGuf
vdkufemaqmif&Guf &rnfh pnf;urf;csufrsm;/
( - ) 2^64 ajymif;a&TUjcif;^wJGzufjcif;(t&m&dSrsm;)/
( - ) 3^64 aq;0efxrf;wyfrsm;tm; vSnfhvnfppfaq;jcif;/
( - ) 1^65 aq;bufqdkif&m t&m&dSrsm;twGuf xkwfay;xm;aom armfawmf,mOfrsm;
toHk;jyKjcif;/
( - ) 2^65 {nfhcHyJGü trsdK;orD;trIxrf;rsm; {nfhcHapjcif;udpö/
( - ) 1^66 aq;wyfzJGU0if ppfrIxrf;trsdK;orD;rsm;(t&m&dS)vufxyfxdrf;jrm;cGifh/
( - ) 2^66 wyfrawmfaq;wyfzJGUrS t&m&dSrsm; omrefcGifhoGm;a&;wGif aq;0efxrf;
ñTefMum;a&;rSL;½Hk;rS oabmwlnDcsuf&,la&;/
( - ) 3^66 aq;ESifhaq;ypönf;rsm; jyefwrf;ay;ydkYjcif;âq;awmif;cHjcif;^ aq;ypönf;rsm;
awmif;cHjcif;/
( - ) 1^68 aq;wyfzJGUtrsdK;orD;rsm;(t&m&dS)tcrf;tem;0wfpHk0wfqifjcif;/
( - ) 1^71 trsdK;orD;rsm;aq;ppfjcif;/
( - ) 1^74 pdwfa&m*g&dSolrsm;ESifh pdwfa&m*g&dSonf[k oHo,&dSolrsm;twGuf
aqmif&Guf&ef/
(-) 2^74 iSufzsm;a&m*gukoa&;/
(-) 3^74 emwm&Snfa&m*gonfrsm;twGuf aq;0g;xkwfay;a&;/
(-) 4^74 aq;½HkwyfqG,frsm;\ aq;0g;ukorIwm0efrsm;udk pepfwusaqmif&Gufa&;/
(-) 1^75 wdkufcdkufa&;wyf&if;rsm;&dS aq;ypönf;ud&d,mrsm; ppfaq;y,fzsufjcif;^
aysmufqHk;jcif;^ ysufpD;jcif;udk ta&;,laqmif&Gufa&;/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
( - ) 2^75 aq;ypönf;ud&d,mrsm; ppfaq;y,fzsufjcif;âysmufqHk;jcif;^ ysufpD;jcif;rsm;udk
ta&;,l aqmif&Gufa&;/
( - ) 3^75 aMu;eef;pmrsm;wGif a&m*gtrnfudk a&m*geHygwf (Code No) ESifh
,SOfwJGazmfjya&;/
( - ) 4^75 om;orD;r&&dSatmif y#doaE¨wm;qD;jcif;/
( - ) 1^76 aq;tqifhedrfhcsowfrSwfoifhonfh ppfonfrsm;tm; aq;½Hkajymif;a&TU
aqmif&Gufjcif;/
( - ) 1^77 pma&;om;qufoG,faqmif&Gufjcif;/
( - ) 1^78 wyfrawmf(Munf;?a&?av)t&m&dSrsm;tm; aq;tqifhowfrSwfjcif;/
( - ) 1^79 wyfrawmf(Munf;?a&?av)t&m&dSrsm;tm; aq;tqifhowfrSwfjcif;/
( - ) 2^79 wyfrawmf(Munf;?a&?av)ppfrIxrf;rsm; aq;½Hkwufa&mufjcif;twGuf
aq;½Hkqif; vufrSwfrsm; ay;ydkYjcif;/
( - ) 1^80 vlemrsm;BudKqdka&;/
( - ) 2^80 jrefrmwHqdyfwHk;rsm;toHk;jyKa&;/
( - ) 1^81 aq;wyfzJGU&dSXmersm;wGif wm0efusa&mufolwdkif; tqifhtwef;tm;vHk;
od&dSvdkufem&rnfh tcsufrsm;/
( - ) 2^81 aq;wyfzJGUt&m&dSrsm;tm;vHk; vdkufemusifhoHk;&ef ñTefMum;vTm/
( - ) 1^83 aq;0efxrf;wyfzJGU0if ppfrIxrf;rsm; wyfrawmf\jyifywGif aq;ynm&yfrsm;udk
w&m;r0if toHk;jyKjcif;/
( - ) 1^85 rufzvdkuGif; (Mefloquine) aq;jzifh iSufzsm;a&m*gukoa&;/
( - ) 1^86 xl;jcif;jzpfpOf&yfrsm; jzpfyGm;ay:aygufygu aqmvsifpGm wifjytpD&ifcHa&;/
( - ) 3^86 t&nftcsif;jynfh0aom aq;cHktzJGU0ifrsm; cefYxm;a&;/
( - ) 1^87 rvdkvm;tyfaom jzpfpOf&yfrsm; jzpfyGm;ay:aygufjcif;rS BudKwifumuG,fa&;/
( - ) 2^87 wyfrawmfaq;rSL;rsm; jyifyvlemrsm;udk aiGaMu;,lí aq;ukojcif;/
( - ) 3^87 aq;cHkpm&Gufpmwrf;rsm;?aoqHk;rIpm&Gufpmwrf;rsm;? tjcm;aomaq;yHkpHrsm;wGif
a&m*gtrnfudk a&m*geHygwf (Code No) ESifh ,SOfwJGazmfjya&;/
q&m0efrsm;vdkufem&rnfhy#dnmOf
24/ atmufygtwdkif; jy|mef;xm;&Sdygonf-
(u) tuREkfyfonf vlom;tm;vHk;wdkY\ udk,f\usef;rma&;? pdwfcsrf;oma&;udk tuREkfyf\
ta&;uJhodkY ,lqygtHh/
( c) tuREkfyfonf aq;q&mrsm;\*kPfodu©mudk xdef;odrf;NyD; tusifhpm&dwåysufjym;rIrS
a&SmifMuOfygtHh/
( *) tuREkfyfonf *Dvmeyk*d¾Kvfrsm;tm; tNrJwap pGrf;pGrf;wrH apmifha&SmufukoygtHh/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(C) tuREkfyfonf vlom;wdkYtm; ab;Oyg'fjzpfaprnfhaq;? aoapwwfonfhaq;rsm;udk
udk,fwdkifay;jcif;rS vnf;aumif;? olwpfyg;tm;vnf; ay;apjcif;rSvnf;aumif; tcg
cyfodrf; a&SmifMuOfygtHh/
( i) tuREkfyfonf *Dvmeyk*d¾Kvfrsm;tm; ukopOf awGUjrifMum;od&onfh twGif;a&;udpö
t00udkzGifhqdktyfonfwdkYrSvJGírnfonfhtcgwGifrqdk zGifh[jcif;rS a&SmifMuOfygtHh/
( p) tuREkfyfonf w&m;r0ifaom cJGpdwfukojcif;wdkYrS tNrJwap a&SmifMuOfygtHh/
olemjyKrsm;od&Sdvdkufemoifhonfhtcsufrsm;
25/ wyf&if;aq;rSL;onf rdrdaq;wyfpk&Sd olemjyKrsm; t&nftcsif;jynfh0a&;twGuf
ynm&yfydkif;qkdif&m ppfaq;jcif;? ydkYcsjcif;rsm; jyKvkyf&rnfhtjyif atmufygwdkYudk od&Sdap&efvnf;
ydkUcsMuyfrwf&ygrnf-
(u) olemjyKjcif;\ t"dyÜm,f/
(c) olemjyKrsm;\&nf&G,fcsufrsm;/
(*) olemjyKaumif;wpfa,muf\vdktyfaomt&nftcsif;rsm;/
(C) aq;cef;? om;zGm;cef;oefU&Sif;a&;/
(i) olemjyKwdkY\aeYpOfvkyfief;wm0efrsm;/
26/ olemjyKjcif;\t"dyÜm,f/ olemjyKjcif;qdkonfh pum;\t"dyÜm,fum; olwpfyg;tm;
usef;rmatmif jyKpkaqmif&Gufay;jcif;jzpfonf/ usef;rmvmap&ef rukoEkdifonfhtqkH;ü vlemrS
emusifrIESifh rtDromrIudk oufomrI&&Sdap&ef jyKpkjcif;yifjzpfonf/
27/ olemjyKrsm;\&nf&G,fcsufrsm;/ olemjyKrsm;\ &nf&G,fcsufrsm;rSm-
(u) vlemrsm;a0'emcHpm;ae&jcif;rS oufomEkdifoavmuf oufomvmap&ef/
(c) a&m*g'Pf&mukojyKpka&;udk tcsdeftenf;qkH;jzifh NyD;pD;atmifjrifap&ef/
(*) olemjyKpk&mwGifrdrdudk,fwdkif odkYr[kwf rdrd\aoG;om;&if;rsm;udk jyKpk&onfhtwkdif;
apwem aumif;rGefpGmjzifh pdwftm;xufoefpGm jyKpk&ef/
(C) rdrdukd,fusKd;udkriJhbJ olemrsm;\tusKd;udk a&SU&Ií jyKpk&ef/
(i) vlemrsm;udk rnfuJhodkY usef;rmatmifae&ef oifMum;vrf;ñTefay;jcif;/
28/ olemjyKaumif;wpfa ,muf\ vdktyfa omt&nftcsif;rsm;
(u) apwemaumif;jcif;/ apwempdwfxm;jzLpifrI&SdrSomvQif rdrdESifhrsKd;rwl?
aqGrawmfaom vlemwpfOD;\ tnpftaMu;rsm;udk r&GHr&SmjyKpkokwfoifEdkifayvdrfhrnf/
vlemcdkif;orQvdktifqE´rsm;udk rNidKrjiif aqmif&Gufvkyfudkifay;Edkifvdrfhrnf/
apwemonf t&if;cH t&nftcsif;jzpfonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(c) trdefYudkem,lwwfj cif;/ aq;bufXmewGif ppfwyfrsm;uJhodkY wpfOD;tay:wpfOD;
qifhuJtkyfcsKyfvsuf&Sdonf/ vkyfudkifaqmif&GufMu&mwGif trdefYonf ta&;BuD;qkH;
jzpfonf/ vlwpfOD;wpfa,muf toufcsrf;om&m &&Sda&;onf trdefYay:wGif wnfí
aoa&;&Sifa&;wrQ ta&;xm;í aqmif&Guf&rnf/
(*) tvkyfudk BudK ;pm;tm;xkwfa qmif&Gufj cif;/ olemjyKonf udk,fusKd;udk riJhuGufbJ
twd'ku©a&mufaeaom vlemwpfOD;tm; tcsdefjynfh wm0efauspGm aqmif&Guf
vkyfudkif ay;&rnf/ Oyrm- wdkufyGJrsm;wGif oGm;a&mufonfhtcg aeYrtdyf? nrtdyf
jyKpk&jcif;? aq;½kHBuD;rsm;wGif nwm0efusa&mufonfhtcg rtdyfrae aqmif&Gufjcif;?
rdrdwm0ef ukefqkH;aomfvnf; wpfckckjyKvkyf&ef ay:aygufvmvQif csefíaecJhNyD;
0wå&m;rsm;udk qufvufvkyfudkifjcif;? rdrdwwforQ rcdkruyf tm;wdkuf
aqmif&GufEkdif&rnf/
(C) vsifj refzswfvwfj cif;/ olemjyKwdkYonf tvkyfvkyf&mwGif zifhEGJUíraebJ vsifjref
zswfvwfpGm vkyfudkifEkdif&rnf/ vsifjrefzswfvwfí vwfwavmÓPf? xdk;xGif;ÓPf
&Sdjcif;ESifhvnf; jynfhpkH&rnf/ odkYrSom olemjyKwdkYtay:ü vlemrsm; wu,f,kHMunf
tm;udk; vmvdkonfhpdwf ay:aygufvmayvdrfhrnf/ vsifjrefzswfvwfjcif; onf
tvkyfudkwpfckNyD;wpfck vsifjrefpGm vkyfukdifuRrf;usifjcif;udkom qdkvdkonf/
(i) El;nhHodrfa rGU,Ofa us;jcif;/ vlemrsm;? tjyifvlrsm;? tcsif;csif;wdkYESifhqufqH
onfhtcg El;nhHodrfarGY,Ofaus;rI&Sd&efvdkavonf/ om,majyjypfpGmqufqHjcif;
tm;jzifh vlemrsm; auseyfrI&&Sdí vlemtwGuf tm;aq;wpfrsKd;yifjzpfavonf/
vlem&SifaqGrsKd;om;csif; wdkYtm;vnf; tm;ay;&ma&mufavonf/
(p) onf;cHj cif;/ pdwf&Snfjcif;rSm olemjyKwdkY\ vkdtyfaomwm0efwpfcsufjzpfav onf/
&Hzef&Hcg txufvlBuD;rsm;\ NidKjiifrI? vlemrsm;\ tajymtqkd rSm;,Gif;rI rsm;awGUvQif
tpp onf;cHí aqmif&Guf&rnf/ rusef;rmaom vlemwdkYonf aexdkifraumif;í
pdwfwdkjcif;? 0rf;enf;jcif;wdkY jzpfwwfonfudk em;vnfí onf;cH qufqHNyD;
auseyfatmifjyKvkyfay;&rnf/
(q) aocsmpGmavhvmoifMum;wwfj cif;/ vlwpfOD;wpfa,muf rusef;rmonfhtcg
cE¨mudk,fESifh pdwfrsm; cRwf,Gif;wwfí rnfonfhtcsufrsm;? cRwf,Gif;ajymif;vJjcif;
&Sdonfudk aocsmpGmavhvmjcif;jzifh ydkí wwfajrmuftodOmPfwdk;vmonf/ aq;0g;
uko&mü rdrdxifjrifcsufudk ajymMum;tultnDay;Edkifonf/ a&m*gtajctaersm;
utzsm;prf;jcif;? aoG;prf;jcif;? touf½SLEIef;rSwfjcif; paom tao;tzGJudpöav;
rsm;udk rSDí q&m0efrsm;onf vlemudk prf;oyfppfaq;&rnfjzpfí tpp aocsmpGm
aqmif&Guf& rnf/ wdusjywfom;&rnf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(Z) tcsdefudka v;pm;jcif;/ olemjyKwkdif;onf tcsdefudkav;pm;&rnf/ vlemjyKpk&mü
tcsdefESifh wduspGmaqmif&GufEdkif&rnf/ aq;wdkuf?aq;xdk;?tzsm;prf;?a&ywfokwf?
tpmauR;? aq;xnfh ponfwdkYudk tpDtpOfESifh olYtcsdefESifhol jyKvkyfNyD;pD;atmif
aqmif&Guf&rnf/
(ps) olemjyKtcsif;csif;½dkif;yif;ulnDwwfjcif;/ tvkyfwm0efusa&mufonfhtcg rdrd
tcsif;csif;ulnD½dkif;yif; nD&if;tpfudkuJhodkY oabmxm;Mu&rnf/ tvkyfvkyf&mwGif
wpfa,mufESifhwpfa,muf wGufuyfaejcif;tm;jzifh rdrdvkyfief;aqmifwmrsm;
rNyD;onfhtjyif remvdk roifhwifh jzpfap&ef zefwD;wwfojzifh txl;a&SmifusOf&rnf/
(n) udk,fwdkifoefU&Sif;pifMu,fusef;rmjcif;/ rdrdudk,fwkdif rusef;rmvQif tjcm;ol
wpfOD;wpfa,muftm; jyKpk&ef pdwfyg0ifpm;Edkifvdrfhrnfr[kwfay/ npfywfaya&
z½dkz&J aexkdif0wfpm;wwfaom &Jabmfonf tjcm;vlemwpfOD;\ oefY&Sif;a&;udk
vkyfaqmif&ef owd&vdrfhrnfr[kwfay/ xdkYaMumifh t0wf0wfqif&mwGif
vnf;aumif;? vkyfudkif aqmif&Guf&mwGifvnf;aumif;? rdrdudk,fwkdifvnf;aumif;
tppoefY&Sif;pifMu,fpGm 0wfpm;vkyfudkifaexkdifMu&rnf/
(#) udk,fcsif;pmw&m;&Sdj cif;/ vlemrsm;udk jyKpk&mü rdrdomvlemjzpfvQif rnfuJhodkY
apmifha&Smuf Munhf½IapvdkaMumif; t&if;cHxm;í rdrdudk,fESifhEIdif;um jyKpkaqmif
&GufoGm;&rnf/
(X) qkH;jzwfydkif;jcm;Edkifírdrdudk,fudk ,kHM unfpdwfcsjcif;/ taMumif;t&mwpfckudk
EIdif;csdefí rdrdwwfajrmufaomynmjzifh qkH;jzwfydkif;jcm;Edkif&rnf/ rdrdudk,fudk
,kHMunfpdwfcspGm rSefrSef uefuef vkyfaqmifjcif;aMumifh vlemrsm;\tm;udk;rI?
txufvlBuD;rsm;,kHMunfrIudk cH&Ekdif vdrfhrnf/
(!) opöm&Sdj cif;/ rdrdtvkyf0wå&m;tay:wGifvnf;aumif;? vlemrsm;tay:wGif
vnf;aumif;? tcsif;csif; tay:wGifvnf;aumif; ,kHMunfpdwfcsrIrsm; cH&&ef
opöm&Sd&rnf/
29/ aq;cef;?om;zGm;cef;oefU&Sif;a&;/ aq;cef;? om;zGm;cef;oefU&Sif;a&;onf tvGef
ta&;BuD;aom olemjyKwdkY\ vkyfief;wm0efwpfckjzpfonf/ aq;cef;? om;zGm;cef;oefU&Sif;rI&Sdjcif;aMumifh
atmufyg tusKd;aus;Zl;rsm;&&SdEdkifonf-
(u) ul;pufwwfaom a&m*gydk;rsm; r0ifa&mufEkdif&ef umuG,fay;jcif;/
(c) raumif;aom teHYtoufrsm; yaysmufEdkifjcif;/
(*) ywf0ef;usifoefY&Sif;a&;udk jyKvkyfay;jcif;jzifh om,mMunfEl;zG,f&mrsm;udk
zefwD;aponf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(C) olemjyKwkdif;oefU&Sifa&;vkyfief;rsm; pepfwusem;vnfrI&Sdí rdrdudk,fwkdif
vkyfudkifEdkifjcif;? vkyfom;wdkUtm; pepfwuspDrHcefYcGJEdkifjcif;wdkYESifh jynfhpkH&rnf/
oefU&Sif;a&; vkyfudkif&mwGif vdkufem&rnfhtcsufrsm;rSm-
(1) zkefrIefY? jrLrIefYrsm; vGifhyg;apjcif;rjyK&/
(2) zkefokwf&mwGif rcg&/ a&udkñSpfxm;aom t0wfpESifh okwf&rnf/
(3) oefU&Sif;a&;vkyf&mwGif toHrjrnfap&ef BudK;pm;vkyf&rnf/
(4) vlemudk taESmifht,Suf enf;EkdiforQ enf;&rnf/
30/ aeYpOfoefY&Sif;a&;vkyfenf;
(u) vkdtyfa omypönf;rsm;
(1) qyfjym&nfxnfhxm;aomZvkHwpfck/
(2) a&xnfhxm;aom ZvkHwpfck/
(3) t0wfajcmufwpfck/
(4) t0wfpkdwpfck/
(5) jcifaq;xkd;wHwpfck/
(6) ausmufuyfcGufwpfck/
( c) vkyfudkifenf;rsm;
(1) vlemtcef;wHcg;aygufydwfyg/
(2) aq;&nfzsef;yg/
(3) rD;cvkwfudk t0wfajcmufESifhokwfyg/
(4) vlemvufwifpm;yGJ(Over bed table)udk qyfjym&nfqGwfxm;aom t0wf ESifh
okwf? a&a[mif;ñSpfíokwfyg/
(5) tajcmufokwfyg/
(6) vlemeHab;bD½dki,f(Locker)udkzGifhí&Sif;yg/
(7) tokH;r0ifaomt&mrsm;? trIdufrsm;udk ausmufuyfcGufxJodkYxnfhyg/ 4if;
enf;twkdif;okwfyg/
(8) ckwifywfvnfudk aphiSpGm 4if;enf;twkdif;okwfyg/
(9) vlemckwif? bD½dki,f? ckHrsm;udk wpfckNyD;wpfck 4if;enf;twkdif;tm;vkH;
NyD;pD;atmifvkyfyg/
(10) a&npfnrf;vmwkdif; vJay;yg/
(11) eH&Hrsm;? rSefrsm;udkvnf; oefY&Sif;atmif jyKvkyfyg/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
31/ wpfywfwpfcgoefY&Sif;a&;vkyfenf; atmufygtwkdif;aqmif&Guf&rnf-
(u) vlembD½dk? pm;yGJi,frsm;udk tjyifxkwfí qyfjym&nfESifhwkdufaq;yg/
(c) Murf;jyifrsm;udkwkdufaq;yg/
32/ txl;oefY&Sif;a&;/ atmufygtwkdif;aqmif&Guf&rnf-
(u) tpmpm;NyD;wdkif; pm;yGJudk okwfyg/
(c) t&nfwpfckck zdwfvQif csufjcif; okwfypf&rnf/
(*) vlemcef;aqmifonf tNrJoefY&Sif;oyf&yfpGm&Sd&rnf/
rSwfcsuf/ qyfjym&nftjyif Dettol, Aseptol ponfwdkYudk vdktyfovdktokH;jyKEdkifonf/
33/ olemjyKwdkY\ aeYpOfvkyfief;wm0efrsm;
(u) 0705em&D- vlemwdkY\a&m*gjyKpkrIrsm;a&;om;xm;aomrSwfwrf;udkzwf&rnf/
(c) 0730em&D- nwm0efusolemjyKxHrS ypönf;rsm;udkaocsmpGmvTJajymif;,l&ef?Oyrm-
(1) jy'g;wkdif/
(2) aq;wdkufzefcGuf/
(3) qD;?0rf;?wHawG;pkjcif;/
(4) vlemt0wftpm;? tdyf,mcif;/
(5) vlemntcsdefwGif rnfrQa&muf? bmjzpfonf? bmvkyfonfudkar;jref;&rnf/
(*) 0800em&D- vlemtdyf,mcif;ay;jcif;? jcifaxmifacgufjcif;? yg;pyfaq;ay;jcif;? a&ywfwdkuf
ay;jcif;rsm;jyKvkyf&rnf/
(C) 0900em&D- ckwifrsm;oefY&Sif;atmifjyKvkyfay;jcif;? avmfumrsm;?
acG;ajcrsm;udkoefY&Sif;atmif jyKvkyfay;jcif;? ckwifrsm;udk jyefvnfñSdxm;jcif;?
a&ykvif;rsm; aq;aMum a&xnfhay;jcif;/
rSwfcsuf/ eHeufwkdif;jyifqifrItm;vkH;jzpfonfhoefY&Sif;a&;rsm; aqmif&Guf&rnf/
(i) 0930em&D- aq;wkdufjcif;? aq;xnfhjcif;? q&m0ef? q&mrrsm;tm;ulnDay;jcif;? vlemrsm;
jyKpkrIudk jyKvkyfay;jcif;? "mwfrSefcef;? "mwfESdyfcef;ydkYjcif;? qD;? 0rf;? aoG;rsm;
"mwfcGJcef;ydkYjcif; Am[D&rsm;vkyfudkif&rnf/
(p) 1000em&D- rdrdudk,fudkrvIyfEdkif? rxEkdifaomvlemrsm;udk tpmauR;&rnf/ olemjyK
wpf0ufonf xrif;pm;jyefí wpf0ufonf rNyD;pD;ao;aomvkyfief;rsm;
qufvuf vkyfudkif&rnf/ (4)em&DMum wpfcg aq;wdkufjcif;? wpfaeY
(3)Budrfaq;wdkufjcif;? tzsm;prf;jcif;? vlemjyKpkjcif; ponfwdkYudk quf
vkyf&rnf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(q) 1245em&D- tvkyf0ifvmaom olemjyKrsm;ESifh wm0eftoD;oD;wdkYudk ajymqdkrSmMum;&rnf/
taxGaxGtvkyfrsm; ulnDvkyfay;&rnf/
(Z) 1330em&D- ausmylemumuG,fay;jcif;? a&ywfwkdufjcif;? bD½dk&Sif;jcif;? tzsm;wkdif;jcif;/
(ps) 1800em&D- tpmauR;jcif;? tzsm;wkdif;jcif;? cGJpdwf&efvlemrsm;udkjyifqifjcif;? vlem
opfrsm;udk vufcHjcif;? ae&mcif;ay;jcif; taxGaxGtvkyfrsm;
ulnDvkyfay;jcif;? nwm0efusolemjyK&Jabmfrsm;\ ypönf;rsm;tyfjcif;?
wpfaeYvkH; vlemtajctae rsm;udk ajymMum;jcif;/
rSwfcsuf/ wm0efusae&modkY vmcsdefESifhjyefcsdefudk oufqkdif&m q&mrBuD;rsm;xHodkY
owif;ydkY&rnf/
34/ nwm0efusolemjyK\vkyfief;wm0efrsm;
(u) 1900em&D - rSwfwrf;rsm;zwf&rnf/
(c) 1915em&D - vlemajctaetuJcwf&ef vkdufvHMunfh&SKU&rnf/ vkyfaqmif&m
0wå&m;rsm;udk rSwfom;&rnf/
(*) 2000em&D - rxEkdifaomvlemrsm;tm; aemufausmudka&ywfwkdufay;&rnf/
tjcm;vdktyfaom udpörsm;udkqufvufaqmif&Guf&rnf/
(C) 2200em&D - (4)em&Djcm;tzsm;prf;? aq;wdkuf? yg;pyfaq;? tjcm;vlemjyKpkjcif;
tvkyfudkvkyf tcsdefusvQif vlemrsm;udk rD;ydwfí
tdyfcdkif;yg/pdwfrcs&aom vlemrsm;udk rMumcP Munfh&Iay;&rnf/
reuf(0200)em&DEdk;olrsm;udk (4)em&Djcm;tzsm;prf;&rnf/
(i) 1430em&D - cGJpdwf&ef&Sdonfh vlemrsm;tm; 0rf;aq;? 0rf;jcL? tzsm;wdkif;jcif;
jyKvkyf&rnf/
(p) 0500em&D - eHeuf(6)em&DtwGuf tzsm;prf;?aq;wkduf? vlemjyKpkjcif;? udk,fwdkif
rvkyfEkdifaom vlemrsm;twGuf udk,fwkdifEdkYwkduf&rnf/ eHeuf
twGufokH;xm;aom ypönf;rsm;udk aeom;wusjyefxm;í
aeYolemjyKtm; jyeftyf&efrsm;udk tqifoifhxm;&rnf/
(q) 0645em&D - aeYolemjyKtm; nrS vlemrsm;\ taMumif;csif;&m udpöt00udk
pkHvifpGm ajymMum;&rnf/
rSwfcsuf/ olemjyKrsm;\ wm0efxrf;aqmif&müvnf; txufwGifazmfjycJhaom tcsdefZ,m;twdkif;
wdusrSefuefpGm aqmif&GufoGm;&rnf/ aq;cef;rSypönf;rsm;udk acRwmokH;pGJjcif;?
tv[ójzpfaprIrsm; r&Sdap&ef tokH;jyKumuG,fapmifha&Smuf&rnf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
tcef; (2)
ppfa&;qdki f& mrsm;
ajcvsifa q;wyfpkzGJYpnf;ykH
35/ zGJYpnf;ykHrSm atmufygtwkdif;jzpfonf-
(u) AdkvfBuD;(aq;rSL;) 1 a,muf
(c) t&mcHAdkvfâq;vufaxmuf 1 a,muf
(*) wyfMuyfBuD;^0rf;qGJ 1 a,muf
(C) wyfMuyfBuD;ôlemjyK 1 a,muf
(i) wyfMuyfôlemjyK 1 a,muf
(p) 'kwyfMuyf^taxGaxG 1 a,muf
(q) wyfom;^taxGaxG 7 a,muf
(Z) wyfom;^vlemo,f 8 a,muf
(ps) wyfom;ôlemjyK 8 a,muf
36/ AdkvfB uD;(aq;rSL;)/ bGJU&q&m0efjzpfygonf/ ,cktcg ajcvsif? ajcjrefwyf&if;rsm;wGif wyfrawmf
aq;wuúodkvfausmif;qif; aq;rSL;rsm;jzifh wyf&if;aq;rSL;rsm;udk cefUtyfxm;&SdNyD;jzpfygonf/
37/ t&mcHAdkvfâq;vufa xmuf/ yxrtqifh wef;`rSifholemjyKwef;atmifjrifNyD; t&nftcsif;
jynfhrDolrsm;udk A[dkaq;wyfwGif (2)ESpfoifwef;ay;NyD; wyf&if;aq;vufaxmuftjzpf cefYtyfygonf/
wyf&if;rsm;wdk;csJUzGJUpnf;í vdktyfcsuft& yxrtqifholemjyKatmifjrifNyD; t&nftcsif; jynfhrDolrsm;udk
(6)vteD;uyfoifwef;ay;NyD; oufBuD;aq;vufaxmuftjzpf cefYtyfjcif;rsKd;vnf; &Sdygonf/
38/ wyfM uyfB uD;ôm;zGm;/ wyfrawmftwGif;&Sd tdrfaxmifonfukd,f0efaqmif&Jarrsm;ESifh
arG;uif;p uav;i,frsm;tm; usef;rma&;apmifha&SmufrIay;Ekdif&ef&nf&G,fí wyfMuyfBuD;ôm;zGm;rsm;
twGuf ppfrIxrf; pnf;rsOf;tm; umuG,fa&;XmeaumifpDñTefMum;vTmtrSwf? 3^2013 jzifh 23-11-
2013 &ufaeYwGifxkwfjyefcJhNyD; wyfrawmfwGif vuf&Sdwm0efxrf;aqmifvsuf&Sdaom t&yfolôm;zGm;
q&mrrsm;tm; wyfMuyfBuD;ôm;zGm;rsm;tjzpf ajymif;vJwm0ef xrf;aqmif apcJhygonf/ xkdYjyif
vpfvyfvsuf&Sdaom wyfMuyfBuD;ôm;zGm;ae&m vyfrsm;twGuf wuúokdvf0ifwef; atmifjrifNyD;
owfrSwft&nftcsif;ESifhukdufnDolrsm;ukd pdppfa&G;cs,fí om;zGm;'Dyvkdrm(2)ESpfoifwef; wufa&muf
apNyD;aemuf wyfMuyfBuD;ôm;zGm;tjzpf cefYtyfay;ygrnf/
39/ wyfM uyfB uD;ôlemjyKESifhwyfM uyfôlemjyK?wyfom;ôlemjyK/ ajcvsifaq;wyfpk oifwef;ESifh
wwd,tqifholemjyKoifwef;wufNyD;olrsm;jzpf&rnf/ wyfom;^taxGaxGESifh wyfom;^ vlemo,f
rsm;onfvnf; ajcvsifaq;wyfpkoifwef;wufNyD;olrsm; jzpf&rnf/
40/ t&yfolôefY&Sif;a&;/ ,cifzGJYpnf;ykHta[mif; uz 70 * 66 wGif yg&Sdaom t&yfol^
oefY&Sif;a&; (2)OD;rSm ,ckzGJYpnf;ykHtopfwGif ryg&Sdawmhyg/ odkYaomfcefYtyfxm;NyD;olrsm;udk
wyf&if;aq;cef;wGif qufvufwm0efxrf;aqmifapvsuf&Sdygonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
aq;wyfpkwGifxm;&Sd&rnfhv,f*sm?rSwfykHwif? rSwfwrf;ESifhpmwGJrsm;
41/ (u) wyf&if;aq;cef;
(1) v,f*smpmtkyfrsm;
(uu) wyf&if;aq;cef; aq;0g;&&Sd^xkwfay;v,f*smpmtkyf
( cc ) wyfcGJaq;rsm; &&Sd^xkwfay;v,f*smpmtkyf
( ** ) wyf&if;aq;cef; aq;ypönf;ud&d,m&&Sdv,f*smpmtkyf
(CC) wyfcGJaq;ypönf;ud&d,m&&Sdv,f*smpmtkyf
( ii ) BuD;MuyfuefYowfaq;&&Sd^xkwfay;v,f*smpmtkyf
( pp ) ta&;ay:^txl;^jznfhpGuf aq;0g;rsm;&&Sd^xkwfay;v,f*smpmtkyf
(qq) wDatbD?wDwDaq;rsm;&&SdtokH;jyKv,f*smpmtkyf
( ZZ ) iSufzsm;umuG,faq; &&Sd^xkwfay;v,f*smpmtkyf
( psps) usef;rma&;aq;ypönf;rsm; &&Sd^xkwfay;v,f*smpmtkyf
(nn) wyf&if;aq;cef;okH olem0wfypönf;&&Sdv,f*smpmtkyf
(2) rSwfykHwifESifhrSwfwrf;pmtkyfrsm;
(uu) ppfonfaeYpOfaq;okH;pm&if;rSwfykHwifpmtkyf
( cc ) tdrfaxmifonfaeYpOfaq;okH;pm&if;rSwfykHwifpmtkyf
( ** ) ppfonfaeYpOf aq;cef;vdkufrSwfykHwifpm&if;pmtkyf
(CC) tdrfaxmifonf aeYpOfaq;cef;vdkufrSwfykHwifpm&if;pmtkyf
( ii ) ppfonfaq;½kHwuf^qif;rSwfykHwifpmtkyf
( pp ) tdrfaxmifonf aq;½kHwuf^qif;rSwfykHwifpmtkyf
(qq) usef;rma&;ynmay;a[majymrIrSwfwrf;pmtkyf
( ZZ ) aoG;tkyfpkrSwfykHwifpmtkyf
( psps) aq;wyfpktiftm;rSwfwrf;pmtkyf
(nn) aq;ESifhaq;ypönf;rsm;vTJajymif;^vufcHjcif;rSwfwrf;pmtkyf
( ## ) aq;ESifhaq;ypönf;zGifhazmufppfaq;csufrSwfwrf;pmtkyf
( XX ) iSufzsm;a&m*gumuG,faq;wdkufauR;jcif;rSwfwrf;pmtkyf
( !! ) wDatbD? wDwD umuG,faq;xdk;ESHjcif;rSwfykHwifpmtkyf(ppfonf^rSDcdk)
( ¡¡ ) wyfa&;^wyfaxmuf^XmecsKyfwyfcGJrSL;wdkYrS wyf&if;aq;cef;odkY ppfaq;jcif;
rSwfwrf;pmtkyf
(PP) wyf&if;rSL;rS aq;cef;ppfaq;jcif;rSwfwrf;pmtkyf
(ww) txuft&m&SdBuD;rsm;? txufXmersm;rS aq;cef;ppfaq;jcif;rSwfwrf;pmtkyf
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(xx) wyf&if;aq;rSL;rS wyf&if;tm; usef;rma&;qkdif&mrsm; ppfaq;NyD; wyf&if;rSL;
xHwifjyaomrSwfwrf;(Sanatary Diary)
( '' ) aeYpOfvlemtajctaetm; wyf&if;rSL;xHwifjyonfhrSwfwrf;pmtkyf
( "" ) aq;½kHwufvlemrsm;odkY oGm;a&mufMunfh½Ijcif;rSwfwrf;pmtkyf
( ee ) aq;ESifhaq;ypönf;ud&d,mrsm; ysufpD;âysmufqkH;rSwfykHwifpmtkyf
( yy ) (1)ESpfatmufuav;rsm; umuG,faq;xkd;ESHjcif;rSwfykHwifpmtkyf
( zz ) ta&;BuD;^ta&;ay:a&m*grsm;jzpfyGm;rI rSwfwrf;pmtkyf
( AA ) tjcm;wyf^tzGJYtpnf;rsm;ESifh usef;rma&;qkdif&m yl;aygif;aqmif&GufrI
rSwfwrf;pmtkyf
(bb) usef;rma&;qkdif&m jyefwrf;rsm;wyf&if;½kH;odkY ay;ydkYjcif;rSwfykHwif
(3) pmwGJrsm;
(uu) wyf&if;aq;cef; aq;0g;&&Sd^xkwfay;ajypmzkdifwGJ
( cc ) wyfcGJaq;rsm; &&Sd^xkwfay;ajypmzkdifwGJ
( ** ) wyf&if;aq;cef;?aq;ud&d,mrsm;&&Sd^xkwfay;ajypmzdkifwGJ
(CC) wyfcGJaq;ud&d,m&&Sd^xkwfay;ajypmzkdifwGJ
( ii ) BuD;MuyfuefYowfaq;0g;&&Sd^xkwfay;ajypmzdkifwGJ
( pp ) ta&;ay:^txl;^jznfhpGufaq;0g;rsm;&&Sd^xkwfay;ajypmzkdifwGJ
(qq) wDatbD?wDwD aq;&&Sd^tokH;jyKajypmzkdifwGJ
( ZZ ) iSufzsm;umuG,faq;&&Sd^xkwfay;ajypmzkdifwGJ
( psps) usef;rma&;aq;ypönf;&&Sd^xkwfay;ajypmzkdifwGJ
(nn) aq;ypönf;rsm;vTJajymif;^vufcHajypmrsm;zkdifwGJ
( ## ) wyf&if;aq;cef;okH;vlem0wfypönf;&&Sd^xkwfay;ajypmzkdifwGJ
( XX ) usef;rma&;qkdif&mjyefwrf;rsm;vufcHpmwGJ
( c) wyf&if;om;zGm;cef;
(1) v,f*smpmtkyfrsm;
(uu) wyf&if;om;zGm;cef;aq;&&Sd^xkwfay;v,f*smpmtkyf
( cc ) om;zGm;cef;aq;ud&d,mypönf;&&Sdv,f*smpmtkyf
( ** ) om;zGm;cef;okH;vlem0wfypönf;&&Sdv,f*smpmtkyf
(CC) om;zGm;&du©m&&Sd^xkwfay;v,f*smpmtkyf
( ii ) tESD;ydwf&&Sd^xkwfay;v,f*smpmtkyf
(2) rSwfykHwifESifhrSwfwrf;rsm;
(uu) aeYpOfaq;okH;pm&if;rSwfykHwifpmtkyf
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
( cc ) udk,f0efaqmifrSwfykHwifpmtkyf
( ** ) vpOfzGm;âopm&if;rSwfykHwifpmtkyf
(CC) om;zGm;&du©mpdk^&du©mpdkaiGxkwfay;rIrSwfwrf;
( ii ) om;ysufôm;avQmrSwfwrf;pmtkyf
( pp ) aq;ypönf;aysmufqkH;^ysufpD;rIrSwfwrf;pmtkyf
(qq) wyf&if;tmPmydkifrsm;ppfaq;csufrsm;rSwfwrf;
( ZZ ) txufXmeBuD;rsm;\ ppfaq;csufrSwfwrf;
( psps) om;zGm;vlemwyf&if;rSaxmufyhHjcif;rSwfwrf;
(3) pmwGJrsm;
(uu) om;zGm;cef;aq;&&Sdajypm zdkifwGJ
( cc ) om;zGm;cef;aq;ud&d,mypönf;&&SdajypmzkdifwGJ
( ** ) om;zGm;cef;okH;vlem0wfypönf;&&SdajypmzkdifwGJ
(CC) om;zGm;&du©m&&Sd^xkwfay;ajypmzdkifwGJ
( ii ) tESD;ydwf&&Sd^xkwfay;ajypmzkdifwGJ
( pp ) &du©mpdk^&du©mpdkaiG&&Sd^xkwfay;ajypmzkdifwGJ
42/ wyf&if;rSL;^wyf&if;aq;rSL;âq;vufa xmufrsm;od&Sdoifhonfh trdefYESifh ñTefM um;csufrsm;
(u) pcef;ywf0ef;usifoefY&Sif;a&;
ppfa&;csKyf½kH;\(8-7-86)&ufpGJygpmtrSwf?1^273â&;1(c)
(c) vpOfusef;rma&;tpD&ifcHpmay;ydkYa&;
ppfa&;csKyf½kH;\ (31-7-71)&ufpGJygpmtrSwf?1^273â&;1(c)
aq;0efxrf;ñTefMum;a&;rSL;½kH;\(24-2-86)&ufpGJygpmtrSwf?914^3u-3^q;^86
(*) aq;bufqkdif&mjyefwrf;rsm;
(C) vpOfukd,f0efaqmifESifharG;zGm;jcif;qkdif&mjyefwrf;
aq;0efxrf;ñTefMum;a&;rSL;½kH;\(10-1-84)&ufpGJygpmtrSwf?1869^3c-2âq;
(i) 0rf;a&m*gjzpfyGm;jcif;
(p) ar;cdkifa&m*gjzifhaoqkH;jcif;
(q) ppfqifa&;rSjyef0ifvmonfhppfrIxrf;rsm;tm; tiftm;jznfh&du©mauR;arG;a&;
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(Z) yljyif;ajcmufaoGUaom&moDwGifjzpfyGm;avh&Sdonfh ul;pufa&m*grsm;BudKwif umuG,fa&;
(ps) a&m*gumuG,fa&;ESifhaq;tumtuG,fay;a&;ESifhywfoufí vG,fvifhwul Munfh½I
rSwfom; aqmif&GufEdkif&eftcsuftvufrsm;aumufEIwfay;ydkYjcif;
(n) aoG;vGefwkyfauG;a&m*gumuG,fa&;
ppfa&;csKyf½kH;\(27-9-71)(7-8-75)(9-7-80)ESifh(10-7-84)&ufpGJygpm trSwfwl 1^273^
a&;1(c)
(#) wyfrawmf(Munf;â&âv)tqifhtwef;tm;vkH;ESpfpOf wDatbD?wDwD umuG,faq;rsm;
wdusrSefuefpGm xdk;ESHumuG,fa&;
(X) wyfrawmf(Munf;â&âv)&Sd aq;tqifhedrfhaom ppfonfrsm;ESifh ywfouf
íaqmif&Guf&ef ñTefMum;csuf
(!) wyfrawmf(Munf;â&âv)&Sdwyfrawmfom;tm;vkH;ar;cdkifa&m*gBudKwif umuG,faq;xdk;
ay;a&;
ppfa&;csKyf½kH;\(8-2-73)ESifh(14-5-86)&ufpGJygpmtrSwf?1^273â&;1(c)
(¡) wyfrawmfom;ESifhtdrfaxmifpk0ifrsm;umuG,fa&;aq;xdk;ay;jcif;
(P) ul;pufa&m*gBudKwifumuG,fa&;
(w) ig;ylwif;[if;aMumifhtqdyftawmufjzpfíaoqkH;jcif;
(x) rId[if;aMumifhtqdyftawmufjzpfíaoqkH;jcif;
(') acG;½l;jyefa&m*gumuG,fûkoa&;twGufñTefMum;csuf
ppfa&;csKyf½kH;\(4-3-76)&ufpGJygpmtrSwf?1^2^3â&;1(c)
(") ppfrIxrf;rsm;aoG;tkyfpkcGJjcm;jcif;rSwfwrf;wifxm;&Sdjcif;tm; pDrHcsufESifhtnD pepfwus
aqmif&Gufa&;
ppfa&;csKyf½kH;\(26-4-79)&ufpGJygpmtrSwf?1^273â&;1(c)ESifh (28-2-88)&ufpGJyg
pmtrSwf?1^273â&;1(c)
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(e) umuG,fa&;XmeaumifpDtrdefYtrSwf? 74^59
ppfrIxrf;wpfOD;tm; ppfrIxrf;jcif;rS&yfpJcsdefwGif aq;ppfjcif;
(y) umuG,fa&;XmeaumifpDtrdefYtrSwf?18^70
wyfrawmfaq;½kHrsm;wGifppfrIxrf;r[kwfolrsm;aq;0g;ukojcif;
(z) umuG,fa&;XmeaumifpDtrdefYtrSwf? 2^74
iSufzsm;a&m*gumuG,fukoa&;twGufñTefMum;csuf
(A) umuG,fa&;XmeaumifpDtrdefYtrSwf?8^76
om;orD;r&&SdatmifjyKvkyfjcif;
(b) umuG,fa&;XmeaumifpDtrdefYtrSwf?3^78
wyfrawmfppfonfrsm;tm;tNidrf;pm;vpm^qkaMu;xkwfay;&ef aqmif&GufykH
aqmif&Gufenf;
(r) attdkif'Dtufpfa&m*gumuG,fa&;twGufñTefMum;csuf
ppfa&;csKyf½kH;\(30-7-90)ESifh(21-1-94)&ufpGJygpmtrSwfwl? 1^273â&;1(c)
aq;0efxrf;ñTefMum;a&;rSL;½kH;\(24-1-91)&ufpGJygpmtrSwf?1-12^10âq;ESifh (28-9-
90) &ufpGJygpmtrSwf? 4^10âq;
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
43/ wyf&if;^wyfzGJUrsm;rSay;ydkY&rnfha q;bufqkdif&mjyefwrf;rsm;
pOf jyefwrf;trsKd;trnf ay;ydkY&rnfhXmersm; trdefYtmPm
1 umuG,fa&;aq;xdk; ppfajrjyifaq;wyf&if;odkYvdyfrlNyD;oufqkdif&m ppfa&;csKyf½kH;\(3-5-73)&ufpGJyg
jyefwrf; aq;-54 wdki;f ppfXmecsKyfodkYrdwåLay;&ef(3vwpfBudrf) pmtrSwf?1^273â&;1( c )
2 aq;½kHwuf^qif; oufqkdif&mppfajrjyifaq;wyf&if;odkYvdyfrlNyD; /
jyefwrf; aq;-142 uuaq;odkYrdwåLay;&ef(1vwpfBudrf)
3 ppfajrjyifxdcdkuf uua&;?uuaq;?rw&?oufqkdif&m wkdif; /

'Pf&m&&Sdjcif; ppfXmecsKyfodkYvdyfrlNyD;?ppfajrjyifaq;wyf&if;
jyefwrf; odkYrdwåLay;&ef(tywfpOfydkY&ef?r&Sdonfhtywf
twGufydkY&efrvdk)
4 usef;rma&; oufqkdif&mppfajrjyifaq;wyf&if;odkYvdyfrlNyD; /
tpD&ifcHpm uuaq;ESifhoufqkdif&mwkdifppfXmecsKyfodkY
rdwåLay;&ef(1vwpfBudrf)
5 udk,f0efaqmifESifh oufqkdi&f mppfajrjyifaq;wyf&if;odkYvdyfrlNyD; /
arG;zGm;jcif;qkdif&m uuaq;odkYrdwåLay;&ef(1vwpfBudrf)
jyefwrf;?aq;-146
6 iSufzsm;a&m*gjzpfyGm; wyf&if;^wyfzGJYrsm;rSoufqkdif&m ppfajrjyif uuaq;\(9-7-94)&ufpGJygpm
rI twdk;tavsmh aq;wyf&if;odkYay;ydkY&ef (1vwpfBudrf)? trSwf?1072(3c-2)aq;^74
jyefwrf; rq&rSuuaq;odkYpkaygif;ydkY&ef(1vwpfBudrf)
7 aq;tqifhedrfh wyf&if;^wyfzGJYrsm;rS ppfa&;csKyf½kH;odkYay;ydkY ppfa&;csKyf½kH;\(28-1-71)&ufpGJyg
jyefwrf;?aq;-31 &ef(1vwpfBudrf)?oufqkdif&m rq&odkY pmtrSwf?1^272â&;1( c )
rdwåLay;&ef/
44/ a&m*gumuG,fukoa&;vkyfief;rsm;twGufvnf;aumif;?usef;rma&;pDrHcsufrsm;a&;qGJí
vnf;aumif;? usef;rma&;rl0g'rsm;csrSwfa&;twGufvnf;aumif; pepfwus&Sdjcif;twGufvnf;aumif;
usef;rma&;qkdif&m jyefwrf;rsm;onf vGefpGmta&;BuD;ygonf/ aq;0efxrf;ñTefMum;a&;rSL;½kH;odkY
aq;wyf&if;^wyfzGJYrsm;onf rdrd\wm0ef0wå&m;rsm;udkaqmif&Guf&mwGif usef;rma&;jyefwrf;rsm;udk
rsm;pGmtm;xm; tudk;tum; jyK&ygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; wyf&if;^wyfzGJUrsm;onf usef;rma&;qkdif&m
jyefwrf;rsm;udk rSefuefjynfhpkHpGm ay;ydkYrIrSm tvGefenf;yg;ygonf/ ppfa&;csKyf½kH;? umuG,fa&;
0efBuD;Xme\(3-5-73)&ufpGJygpmtrSwf? 1^273â&;1(c) jzifh usef;rma&;qkdif&mjyefwrf;rsm;udk
vpOfvqef;(18)&ufaeY ta&mufoufqdkif&mrsm;odkY ay;ydkY&ef ñTefMum;xm;&SdNyD; jzpfygonf/
45/ vuf&SdtcsdefwGif wyf&if;^wyfzGJUrsm;rSay;ydkYaom jyefwrf;rsm;wGif jynfhpkHrSefuefrIr&Sdjcif;?
ykHaoxm;&Sd ykHpHjzifh NyD;pvG,fay;ydkYjcif;? jyefwrf;ygtcsuftvufrsm; rSefuefrIr&dSjcif;? a&m*gtrnf
rsm;owfrSwf&mwGif rSefuefrIr&Sdjcif;? tp&Sdonfh csKdU,Gif;tm;enf;csufrsm;udk rMumcPawGU&Sd& ygonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
odkYjzpfygí wyf&if;^wyfzGJY rsm;onf usef;rma&;qkdif&m jyefwrf;rsm;udk rSefuefjynfhpkHpGm ESifh
tcsdefrSefay;ydkYEdkifa&;twGuf pdwf0ifwpm; ta&;,laqmif&Gufjcif;? pdppfjcif;? Muyfrwfjcif;
rsm;jyKvkyfoifhygonf/ 4if;tjyif jyefwrf;ygtcsuftvufrsm;rSm rSm;,Gif;jcif;aMumifh rdrdwyfwGif omru
wyfrawmfwyf&yfvkH;twGufyg xdcdkufepfemapEdkifaMumif; owdjyK oifhygonf/
iSu fzsm;a&m*gumuG, fûko a&;twGu fñ TefM um;csuf
46/ wyfrawmf(Munf;?a&?av)ppfonfrsm;taejzifh jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEkdifiHtwGif;ae&m a'ora&G;
trIxrf;aqmifvsuf&SdMuonf/ jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEdkifiHü iSufzsm;a&m*gonf ae&mtESHUtjym;
jzpfyGm;vsuf&Sd&m wyfrawmfom;tajrmuftjrm;wGifvnf; iSufzsm;a&m*gjzpfyGm;vsuf&SdaMumif;
awGU&onf/ xdkuJhodkY iSufzsm;a&m*gjzpfyGm;jcif;aMumifh ppfonfrsm;rSm wdkufcdkufa&;pGrf;&nf
usqif;Muygonf/ xdka&m*gonf BudKwifumuG,fEdkifaoma&m*gjzpfonfhtm;avsmfpGm iSufzsm;a&m*g
udkpepfwusumuG,fEdkif&eftwGuf umuG,fa&;XmeaumifpDtrdefYtrSwf(2^74)? iSufzsm;a&m*gumuG,f^
ukoa&;twGufñTefMum;csufudk xkwfjyefcJhygonf/
iSufzsm;a&m*gjzpfyGm;&jcif;taMumif;&if;
47/ iSufzsm;a&m*gjzpfyGm;&jcif;taMumif;onf iSufzsm;a&m*gydk;udk o,faqmifvmaom (tEdkzvd)jcif
wpfrsKd;udkufrdjcif;aMumifhjzpfygonf/ iSufzsm;a&m*gydk;onf vlESifhjcifaumifwdkYtMum;ü oHo&mvnfvsuf
&Sdjcif;jzifh vlom;wdkYwGif iSufzsm;a&m*gqdk;jzpfyGm;aponf/ xdkuJhodkY iSufzsm; a&m*gydk;
oHo&mvnfaejcif;rSm atmufazmfjyyg tajctae&yfrsm;&Sdaejcif;aMumifhjzpfonf-
(u) iSufzsm;a&m*gydk; cE¨mudk,fwGif;&Sdaeolrsm; (iSufzsm;a&m*gjzpfyGm;vsuf&Sdaom a'ocH
vlrsm;wGif)?
(c) jcif (tEdkzvdjciftrsKd;tpm;)
(*) iSufzsm;a&m*gr&Sdol(iSufzsm;a&m*gjzpfyGm;vsuf&Sdaom a'oodkYa&muf&Sdvmaom vlopf)
a&m*gvu©P mrsm;ESifha emufqufwGJa 0'emcHpm;ae&jcif;

48/ (u) a&m*g&ptcsdeftcgrsm;wGif aeYpOfaomfvnf;aumif;? wpf&ufjcm;aomfvnf;aumif;
atmufygvu©Pmrsm;awGU&onf-
(1) csrf;íwkefjcif;/
(2) tylwufjcif;/
(3) acR;jyefjcif;/
(4) tefjcif;/
(5) wpfcgwpf&H0rf;avQmjcif; ponfrsm;tqifhvkdufjzpfonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
( c) aemufqufwGJa0'emcHpm;&jcif;
(1) tpm;taomufysufjcif;/
(2) ydefcsKH;EGrf;e,fjcif;/
(3) aoG;tm;tvGefenf;jcif;(Anaemia)
(4) o&uf&Guf(abvkH;)BuD;jcif;(Splenomegaly)
(5) OmPfxkHxkdif;owdarhwwfjcif;?aMumifawmifawmifjzpfjcif;/
(6) OD;aESmufwGif;iSufzsm;ydk;0ifí pdwfazmufjyef½l;oGyfjcif;/(Cerebral Malaria with
Psychosis)
(7) tcefYroifhygu qD;rJoGm;a&m*g(Black water fever)
rsm;jzpfívnf;aoqkH;Ekdifygonf/
iSufzsm;a&m*gumuG,f&efenf;vrf;rsm;
49/ (u) ,m,DumuG,fenf;rsm;
(1) iSufzsm;a&m*gumuG,fa &; aq;jym;rsm; rSefrSefpm;íumuG,fjcif; (Drug
Prophylaxis)
(uu) wyfrawmf(Munf;?a&?av)wpf&yfvkH;wGif iSufzsm;a&m*gpGJuyfjcif; r&Sdap&ef
aq;aomufumuG,fjcif;enf;rSm ta&;BuD;qkH;jzpfygonf/ tcgtm;avsmfpGm
taumif;qkH;iSufzsm;umuG,faq;rsm;ay:aygufaomtcg prf;oyfNyD;
wyfrawmf wpf&yfvkH;&Sd ppfrIxrf;rsm;pm;okH;&ef tñTef;rsm;jzifh
jzefYjzL;ay;rnf/
( cc ) wyf&if;^wyfzGJYrsm;\ wyfrSL;rsm;onf wyfrawmfom;wkdif; aq;rSefrSef
aomufa&;twGuf wm0ef&Sdolrsm;jzpfojzifh MuyfrwfuGyfuJay;&rnf/
aq;aomuf&ufudk twdtusowfrSwfNyD; wyf&if;trdefYjyefwrf;wGif
xnfhoGif; azmfjyxm;&rnf/
( ** ) aq;aomufolrsm;pm&if;udk wduspGmjyKpkxm;&rnf/ wef;pDcsdef
aq;wdkufauR; onfhtcg taMumif;trsKd;rsKd;aMumifh ysufuGufaeolrsm;
trnfpm&if;udk jyKpkí oifhavsmfaomtcsdeftwGif; wm0ef&Sdolu
rysufruGufaq;wdkufauR;&rnf/ aq;aomuf&ufysufuGufjcif;r&Sdap&/
c&D;oGm;aomtcg ESifh wkdufuif; xGufaomtcgrsm;ü iSufzsm;
umuG,faq;udk xkwfay;NyD; rSefrSefaomuf&ef ñTefMum;&rnf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(2) odkUaomfiSufzsm;umuG,faq;ChemoprophylaxistjzpfPyrixineaq;rsm;
wdkufauR;jcif; onf xda&mufrSkr&SdaMumif; urÇmhusef;rma&;tzGJUrS qHk;jzwfjy|mef;NyD;
jzpfaomaMumifh Pyrixine udkiSufzsm;umuG,faq;tjzpf toHk;jyKrSk&yfqdkif;NyD;
ta&SUawmifwdkif; ppfXmecsKyfESifh urf;&dk;wrf;a'owdkif;ppfXmecsKyfe,fajrrsm;&Sd
wyf&if;wyfzGJUrsm; tm;vHk;ESifh xkde,fajrrsm;odkU ppfqifa&;wm0efxrf;aqmif&ef
a&muf&Sdaom ajcvsif? ajcjrefwyf&if;rsm;udk arvrS atmufwdkbmtxd Mefloquine
wpfvHk; wpfywfvQif wpfBudrfjzifh 26 ywf wdkufauR;&ef owfrSwfxm;&SdNyD;?
usefwdkif;ppfXmecsKyf e,fajrrsm;twGif;&Sd wyf&if;?wyfzGJUrsm;udk iSufzsm;umuG,faq;
wdkufauR;jcif; rjyKawmhyg/
(3) jcifrudkuf&efumuG,fj cif;/ jcifrsm;onf naeapmif;ESifhntcsdefrsm;wGif txl;
vIyf&Sm;usufpm;udkufcJavh&Sdojzifh jcifrudkuf&ef umuG,fa&;twGuf atmufyg
twkdif; vkdufem&rnf-
(uu) naeapmif; ae0ifcsdefrSpí tusÐvufcs0wf&ef/
( cc ) abmif;bD&Snf0wf(odkYr[kwf)vkHcsnfajcrsufpdtxdcs 0wf&ef/
( ** ) vnf&SnfzdeyfpD;í abmif;bDppfzdeyfwGif; oGif;0wf(odkYr[kwf)ajctdwfpGyf/
(CC) aer0ifrDjcifaxmifcsí tdyf&m0ifaomtcg jcifaxmifatmufem;
ywfvnfudk aocsmpGmzdoGif;tdyf&ef/
( ii ) t0wftpm;?jcifaxmifponfwdkYudk tNrJwap rSefrSeftayguftNyJr&Sd apa&;
ppfaq;jcif;? tayguftNyJ&Sdu jcifaumifrsm; 0ifa&mufEkdif ojzifh
aqmifvsifpGm zmax;csKyfvkyfxm;&rnf/
(pp) aq;pdrfjcifaxmifrsm;udk toHk;jyKapjcif;/
(4) jcifudkufj cif;rSumuG,faomaq;okH;jcif;/ Repito odkYr[kwf tvm;wl jcifrudkuf
vdrf;aq;udk ae0ifonfrS jcifaxmiftwGif;odkYa&mufonftxd? (odkYr[kwf)
uif;apmifh pOf tcgrsm;wGif t0wfrzkH;tkyfEkdifí ay:aeaom tom;ta&wdkYü
(2)em&D wpfBudrf okwfvdrf;ay;&rnf/ Oyrm-rsufESm?em;&Guf?vnfyif; ponf/
(5) jcifa q;zsef;umuG,fj cif;/ 'D'DwDaq; rSefrSef pepfwuswyfpcef;&Sd taqmuf
tODtwGif; eH&Hrsm;wGif yufzsef;xm;&efvdktyfygonf/ opf&Gufopfcufrsm;jzifh
yufjcif;rjyKoifhyg/ aq;zsef;ud&d,mrsm;udk xkwf,lNyD; pepfwusyufzsef; &efvkdtyf
ygonf/
(c) tNrJwrf;umuG,fa &;/ iSufzsm;a&m*gonf jcifudkufí jzpfonfudk odNyD;cJhonfh twkdif;
tNrJwrf;umuG,fa&;wGif ta&;BuD;onfhtcsufrSm jcifaumifrsm;r&Sd&ef? jcifaygufzGm;&ef?
jcifrcdkatmif;Edkif&efudk t"duxm;í vkyf&efjzpfavonf/ a&&SdvQifjcifaygufrnf/ csKHEG,f
ydwfaygif;&Sdí ½IwfaxG;vQif jcifcdkatmif;rnf-
(1) jcifraygufEdkifatmifjyKjyif&rnf/
(2) jcifrcdkatmif;Edkifatmif csHKEG,fydwfaygif; ponfwdkYudk &Sif;vif;&rnf/
(3) jcifr0ifEdkifatmif aexkdif&ma'oudk umuG,fay;&rnf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(4) wyfpcef;ESifh rdkif0uftwGif;&Sd a&0yfí tokH;rusaoma&AGuf?a&tkdif?acsmif;
i,frsm;udk ajrzdkYypfjcif;? rzdkYEdkifonfhacsmif;?ajrmif;?prf;rsm;udka&oGifoGifpD;
atmifjyKay;jcif;? xdkteD;tem;&Sda&uefab;rsm;wGif aygufvsuf&Sdaomjrufyif?
aygif;yif? �'dkuf? arSmf ponfwdkYudk tNrJwap&Sif;vif;ay;jcif;? wyfpcef;csonfh
ae&mESifh rkdif0uftwGif;wGif csKHEG,fydwfaygif;rsm;udk &Sif;vif;ypfjcif;? wyfwGif;üvnf;
xkdenf;wlpGm jyKvkyf&ayrnf/
(5) taqmuftOD/ tEdkzvdjcifrsm;aygrsm;onfhae&mwGif jcifr0ifEdkifonfh
taqmuftOD rsm;aqmufvkyfjcif;/
(6) a&a[mif;oGefonfhaeY/ wyfwGif;ü rD;umuG,fa&;twGuf xm;&Sdaom a&pnf?
a&ykH;rsm;ESifh a&udktNrJodkavSmifxm;onfh a&odkavSmifuef? pnf ponfwdkYudk
wpfywfwpfcg a&udkoGefypfNyD; a&topfvJvS,fjcif;jyKvkyf&rnf/
(*) iSufzsm;a&m*gtjrpfj ywfukoa&;/ iSufzsm;a&m*gudk uko&mwGifvnf;
,cifaq;wpfrsKd;pD oD;jcm;jyifqifxkwfvkyfcJhaom aq;0g;rsm;jzifhukojcif;udk y,fzsufí
jrefrmEdkifiH\ trsdK;om;tqifh pHjyKukxHk; (National Guideline)ESifhtnD Co-formulatiion
toGif xkwfvkyfxm;aom tmwDrpfpeif;tajcjyK aygif;pyfukxHk; (Artemisnin-based
Combination Therapy - ACT) wpfrsdK;jzpfaom Dihydroartemisinine/Piperaquine
aq;jzifhukojcif;udk 2014 ckESpfrSpwifí usifhoHk;aqmif&GufaeNyDjzpfygonf/
xkdukorSkonf t"dutm;jzifh z,fqDy&rfiSufzsm;ydk;aMumifhjzpfay:vmaom omrefiSufzsm;
(Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria) vlemrsm;twGuf toHk;jyKuko&efjzpfygonf/
jyif;xefiSufzsm;? OD;aESmufiSufzsm; (Severe Malaria/ Cerebral Malaria) uko&eftwGuf
ukxHk;rSm ppfa&;csKyf&Hk;\ 27-10-2003 &ufpGJygpmtrSwf? 1^273â&;1(*)jzihf
ñTefMum;cJhaom ukxHk;rsm;twdkif; ajymif;vJrSkr&Sdyg/
wyf&if;aq;cef;wGif xm;&Sd&rnfh tajcjyZ,m;rsm;
50/ wyf&if;aq;cef;wGif atmufygtajcjyZ,mrsm;a&;qGJxm;&Sd&ygrnf-
(u) aq;wyfpktiftm;tajcjyZ,m;/
(c) aq;wyfpktrnfpm&if;Z,m;/
(*) aq;wyfpkwm0efcGJa0rIZ,m;/
(C) aeYpOfvkdif;ppfvlemtajcjyZ,m;/
(i) vpOfvkdif;ppfvlemtajcjyZ,m;/
(p) vpOfa&m*gjzpfyGm;rItajcjyZ,m;/
(q) vpOfaq;½kHwufvlemtajcjyZ,m;/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(Z) vpOfarG;zGm;rIqkdif&mtajcjyZ,m;/
(ps) aq;tqifhedrfhusolrsm;tajcjyZ,m;/
(1) ,m,Daq;tqifhedrfhusolOD;a&tajcjyZ,m;/
(2) tNrJwrf;aq;tqifhedrfhusolOD;a&tajcjyZ,m;/
51/ tajcjyZ,m;rsm;a&;qGJxm;&Sdjcif;jzifh usef;rma&;qkdif&mtajctaerSefrsm;(usef;rma&;vkyfom;
tiftm;? aeYpOf? vpOf? ESpfpOfvlemOD;a&? jzpfyGm;aeaoma&m*grsm;? aq;½kHwuf&olOD;a&?
aq;tqifhedrfhusol OD;a& ESifh tajctae) ponfwdkYudk vG,fulvsifjrefpGm ESifh rSefuefwduspGm
od&SdEdkifayrnf/ þodkYod&SdEdkifrSom wm0ef0wå&m;rsm;xrf;aqmif&mwGifvnf;aumif;? wyf&if;\
usef;rma&;tqifhtwef;`rSifhwif&mwGif vnf;aumif; yDjyifpGmaqmif&GufEkdifrnfjzpfygonf-
(u) aq;wyfpktiftm;tajcjyZ,m;
pOf tqifh^wm0ef zGJUpnf;ykH &Sd ydk vdk rSwfcsuf
1 AdkvfBuD;âq;rSL; 1
2 t&mcHAdkvfâq;vufaxmuf 1
3 wyfMuyfBuD;^0rf;qGJ 1
4 wyfMuyfBuD;ôlemjyK 1
5 wyfMuyfôlemjyK 1
6 'kwyfMuyf^taxGaxG 1
7 wyfom;ôlemjyK 8
8 wyfom;^vlemo,f 8
9 wyfom;^taxGaxG 7
10 t&yfolôefY&Sif;a&;
pkpka ygif; 29
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(c) aq;wyfpktrnfpm&if;Z,m;
wufa &mufcJha om
pOf udk,fydkiftrSwf tqifh trnf wm0ef rSwfcsuf
oifwef;ESifhckESpf
(*) aq;wyfpkwm0efcGJa 0rIZ,m;

Xme
&if ; ppfa Mumif; ppfaMumif; wyf c G J wyf c G J wyf c G J wyf c G J wyf c G J
(1) (2)
rS wf c suf
XmecsKyf (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
pOf
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(C) aeYpOfvdkif;ppfvlemtajcjyZ,m;
pOf &ufpJG ppfonf tdr faxmifo nf &yfo m; pkp kaygif; rSw fc suf
0efx rf;
t&m&dS tjcm; ZeD; 12-ESp f 5ESp fr S1 2ESp f 5ESp fatmuf
tqifh txuf
usm; r usm; r usm; r usm; r
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
wpfvpkpkygif;
owdjyK&ef (1) (24)em&DukefqkH;onfESifhwpfNydKifeuf þZ,m;udk aeYpOf jznfhpGuf&rnf/
(2) aeYpOfvlO;D a&udk pkpkaygif;vkdufygu vpOfvlOD;a&&&Sdrnf/
(3) rSwfcsuftuGufae&mwGif xl;jcm;csufrsm;udkoma&;oGif;&rnf/ wpfOD;csif;a&m*gudk
a&;oGif;&efr[kwf/ Oyrm-,aeY0rf;a&m*gjzpfol ppfonf(2)OD; &Sdponfjzifh/
(4) aeYpOfaeYpOfvkdif;ppfvlemrnfrQ&Sdonfudk wduspGmod&Sd&efa&;qGJtokH;jyK&efjzpfonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(i) vpOfvkdif;ppfvlemtajcjyZ,m;
pOf vrsm; ppf onf td r f a xmif p k 0 if t&yf om; pk p k rS wf c suf
t&m tjcm; 12- 5-ES p f rS 5- 0ef xrf ; aygif ;
&S d tqif h ES p f txuf 12-ES p f ES p f a tmuf
1 Zefe0g&D
2 azazmf0g&D
3 rwf
4 {NyD
5 ar
6 ZGef
7 Zlvkdif
8 Bo*kwf
9 pufwifbm
10 atmufwkb
d m
11 Edk0ifbm
12 'DZifbm
wpf E S p f pk p k aygif ;
owdj yK&ef (1) wpfvukefqkH;onfESifhwpfNydKifeuf aeYpOfvlemZ,m;\ vcsKyfOD;a&udk

þZ,m;wGif jznfh&rnf/
(2) vpOfvlOD;a&udk vG,fulpGm od&SdEdkifNyD; wpfESpf&SdrnfhvlOD;a&udk od&SdEdkif&ef
þZ,m;udk a&;qGJtokH;jyK&efjzpfonf/
(3) rSwfcsuftuGufwGif wpfvtwGif;xl;jcm;rIudk azmfjy&efomjzpfonf/ Oyrm-
Bo*kwfvwGif wkyfauG;jzpfol(1500)&SdcJhygonf/ ponfjzifh-
(4) vpOfvkdif;ppfvlemrnfrQ&Sdonfudk wduspGmod&Sd&efa&;qGJtokH;jyK&efjzpfonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(p) vpOfa &m*gjzpfyGm;rItajcjyZ,m;
20 ckESpf? vtwGuf
pOf a&m*gtrsKd;trnf ppf tdrfa xmif 12-ESp f 5ESp fr S 5ESp f t&yfo m; tjcm;rSD pkp kaygif; rSw fc suf
onf onf txuf 12ESp f atmuf tvky f cdko lr sm;
rsm; trsKd; uav;rsm; uav;rsm; uav;rsm; orm;rsm;
orD;rsm;
1 ckcHtm;usqif;rIa&m*g
2 wDbDa&m*g
3 umv0rf;a&m*g
4 0ufoufa&m*g
5 udk,fa&jym;a&m*g
6 toJa&mif^tom;0ga&m*g
7 a&ausmufa&m*g
8 aoG;oGefa&m*g
9 om;tdrfa&mifa&m*g
10 om;avQma&m*g
11 qD;vrf;aMumif;a&m*g
12 tjcm;tzsm;a&m*g
13 0rf;udkufa&m*g
14 tm;enf;a&m*g
15 yef;em&ifMuyfa&m*g
16 tqkwfa&mifa&m*g
17 acgif;udkufa&m*g
18 aoG;vGefwkyfauG;a&m*g
19 iSufzsm;a&m*g
20 rsufpdema&m*g
21 ycsdwfa&mifa&m*g
22 em;udkufêm;jynf,dk
23 ESvkH;a&m*g
24 Adkufatmifha&m*g
25 pdwfa&m*g
26 0rf;ysuf^0rf;avQma&m*g
27 tem^xdcdkuf
28 acsmif;qdkd;
29 ,m;em
30 wkwfauG;
31 acG;udkuf
32 tla&mifief;zsm;
33 oGm;
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(q) vpOfa q;½kHwufvlemtajcjyZ,m;
pOf vrsm; ppf onf td r f a xmif p k 0 if t&yf om; pk p k rS wf c suf
0ef xrf ; aygif ;
t&m&S d tjcm; 12-ES p f txuf 5-ES p f rS 12- 5-
tqif h ES p f ES p f a tmuf
1 Zefe0g&D
2 azazmf0g&D
3 rwf
4 {NyD
5 ar
6 ZGef
7 Zlvkdif
8 Bo*kwf
9 pufwifbm
10 atmufwkb d m
11 Edk0ifbm
12 'DZifbm
wpf E S p f
pk p k aygif ;
(Z) vpOfa rG;zGm;rIqkdif&mtajcjyZ,m;

pOf vrsm; ud k ,f 0 ef om;ysuf arG ; zG m ;ol rS w f
aqmifo l ol a ygif ; csuf
aygif ;
vraph taoarG ; t&S i fa rG ; aygif ;
1 Zefe0g&D
2 azazmf0g&D
3 rwf
4 {NyD
5 ar
6 ZGef
7 Zlvkdif
8 Bo*kwf
9 pufwifbm
10 atmufwdkbm
11 Edk0ifbm
12 'DZifbm
wpf E Sp f p kp k a ygif ;
pk p k aygif ;
owdj yK&ef/ vrapharG;zGm;olonf t&SifrnfrQ? taornfrQ jzpfonfudk oufqkdif&m aumfvHwGif jznfh
&rnf/ pkpkaygif;vlemaygif;aomtcg vraphta&twGufudk xnfhaygif;&ef rvdkyg/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(ps-1) ,m,Da q;tqifhedrfhusolrsm;OD;a&Z,m;
aq; &efolYv ufcsuf (EA) a&m*gb, (NEA) pkp k rSw fc suf
tqifh aygif;
udk, ft *Fg pGe fY (EA-1) udk, ft *FgrpGe f Y (EA-2)
c * c * c *
ppfonf 3 4 6 3 4 6 3 4 6 3 4 6 3 4 6 3 4 6
t&m&dS
tjcm;tqifh
pkpkaygif;
(ps-2) tNrJwrf;aq;tqifhedrfhusol OD;a&tajcjyZ,m;

aq; &efo lYv ufcsuf (EA) a&m*gb, (NEA) pkp k rSw fc suf
tqifh aygif;
udk, ft *Fg pGe fY (EA-1) udk, ft *FgrpGe f Y (EA-2)
ppfonf
t&m&dS
tjcm;tqifh
pkpkaygif;
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
tcef; (3)
ppfaxmufqdki f& mrsm;
aq;ESifhaq;ypön f;rsm;awmif;cHj cif;

52/ awmif;cHj cif;trsKd;tpm;/ ajcvsifâjcjrefwyf&if;^wyfzGJYrsm;taejzifh aq;ESifhaq;ypönf;
awmif;cHjcif;rsm; rSm atmufygwdkYteuf wpfckckwGiftusKH;0ifygonf-
(u) ESpf0ufawmif;cHjcif;(wpfESpfvQifESpfBudrf)
( c) jznhfpGufawmif;cHjcif;(Replacement Indent)
( *) ta&;ay:awmif;cHjcif;(Emergency Indent)
(C) txl;awmif;cHjcif;(Special Indent)
53/ awmif;cHykHpepf/ wyfrawmfykHpH(aq;-77)(8)apmifjyKpk&ygonf/ aq;ESifhaq;½kHokH;ypönf;rsm;
a&maESm awmif;cHjcif; rjyK&yg/ aq;awmif;cHvTmwGif aq;0efxrf;ñTefMum;a&;rSL;½kH;rS xkwfjyefxm;aom
(Drug Acting on System) t& tkyfpkcGJ jyKpkNyD; ykHpHygvufusef? ysrf;rQukefusESifhawmif;cHta& twGufwdkYudk
rSefuefpGm jznhfpGuf&ygonf/ pwdkwm0efcHt&m&Sd vufrSwfa&;xkd;NyD; wyf&if;^wyfzGJU rSL; rS
xyfqifhvufrSwf a&;xdk; &ygrnf/ awmif;cHvTm wpfapmifudk vufcHtjzpf xdef;odrf;xm;&SdNyD;
(7)apmifudk rdrdwyf\ e,fajrcH ppfajrjyif aq;wyf&if;odkY ay;ydkY&ygrnf/ oufqkdif&m
ppfajrjyifaq;wyf&if;rsm;rS pdppfNyD; wyf&if;rSL;rS xyfqifhvufrSwf a&;xdk;um aq;rsm;xkwfay;&ef
trSwf(1)tajccsaq;odkavSmifa&;wyfodkY qufvuf ay;ydkYrnfjzpfygonf/ xkwf,lcGifh
taMumif;Mum;pm&&Sdaomtcg oufqkdif&mppfajrjyifaq;wyf&if; odkYr[kwf trSwf(1)tajccs
aq;odkavSmifa&;wyfwGif xkwf,l&rnfjzpfygonf/ jznfhpGufawmif;cHjcif;? ta&;ay: awmif;cHjcif;?
txl;awmif;cHjcif;wdkY twGufudkrl oufqkdif&mppfajrjyifaq;wyf&if;rS pdppfNyD; aq;0efxrf;
ñTefMum;a&;rSL;½kH;odkY ay;ydkYygrnf/ aq;0efxrf;ñTefMum;a&;rSL;½kH;rS pDpOfNyD; xkwf,lcGifh trdefY&&Sdaomtcg
oufqkdif&m ppfajrjyif aq;wyf&if; odkYr[kwf trSwf(1)tajccsaq;odkavSmifa&;wyfwGif
xkwf,l&ygrnf/
54/ awmif;cH&rnfhtcsdef/ ajcvsifâjcjrefwyf&if;^wyfzGJUrsm;taejzifh t"dutm;jzifh
ESpf0ufawmif;cHjcif;udkom aqmif&Guf&avh&Sdygonf/ yxr(6)vywfaq;udk yxrESpf0uf\
atmufwdkbmv wGifvnf;aumif;? 'kwd,(6)vywf aq;udk {NyDvwGifvnf;aumif; awmif;cHvTmrsm;udk
oufqkdif&m ppfajrjyifaq; wyf&if;odkY tNyD;ay;ydkYoifh ygonf/ odkUrSom tqifhqifhpdppfjcif;? wifjyjcif;?
xkwf,lcGifh&Sdjcif;? aq;0g; xkwf,ljcif;wdkYtwGuf tcsdef&rnf jzpfjzpfNyD; yxr(6)vywftwGuf
Zefe0g&Dvqef;rSpí vnf;aumif;? 'kwd,(6)vywftwGuf Zlvkdifvqef;rS pí vnf;aumif;
&oifhaq;0g;rsm; &&Sdum pwiftokH;jyKEkdifygrnf/ &oifhaq;0g;rsm;rS jynfh0pGmr&&Sdjcif; twGuf
jznfhpGufawmif;cHjcif;udk owfrSwfcsdefumvtwGif;üvnf;aumif;? ta&;BuD;ESifh txl;udpö&yfrsm; twGuf
ta&;BuD;^txl;udpö&yfrsm; ay:aygufonfhtcsdefvn;faumif; pepfwus awmif;cHEdkifygonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
55/ wyfopfrsm;aq;ESifha q;ypönf;awmif;cHykH/ wyfzGJYpnf;ykHZ,m;azmfjyNyD; atmufazmfjyyg
pm&Gufpmwrf;tjynfhtpkHESifhtwl aq;0efxrf; ñTefMum;a&;rSL;½kH;odkY yxrtBudrf aq;ESifhaq;ypönf;
ud&d,mrsm; awmif;cHjcif;[kazmfjyNyD; ppfonf tiftm;rSefuefaMumif;? wkdif;^wyfr axmufcHcsufESifhtwl
ppfonftiftm;tvdkufoifhavsmfaom aq;EIef;xm;rsm;ESifh iSufzsm;umuG,faq;rsm;yg wpfygwnf;
xkwfay;Edkif&ef oufqkdif&mppfajrjyif aq;wyf&if;rsm;rSwpfqifh wifjyawmif;cH&ygonf-
(u) umuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyf½kH;(Munf;)\zGJUpnf;cGifhtrdefUrdwåL (3)apmif
( c) ppfa&;csKyf½kH;\zGJUpnf;cGifhtrdefYrdwåL (3)apmif
( *) vuf&Sdppfonftiftm;trnfpm&if;(tydkif;2trdefYazmfjyvsuf) (3)apmif
(C) wkdif;ppfXmecsKyf\wyfzGJUpnf;NyD;aMumif;axmufcHcsuf (3)apmif
( i) wyfzGJYpnf;onfh uztrSwfazmfjyvsuf tiftm;rnfrQESifh rnfonfhaeUwGif
zGJUpnf;NyD;aMumif; azmfjycsuf (3)apmif
( p) wyfpwifzGJYpnf;onfhaeYrS ,aeYxd rnfonfhwyfurQ aq;0g;rxkwf
,laMumif; oufqkdif&m wyf&if;^wyfzGJYrSL;\axmufcHcsuf (3)apmif
56/ ajcvsifwyf&if;rsm;twGufB uD;MuyfuefYowfa q;0g;rsm;(Controlled Drugs) awmif;cHj cif;/

ajcvsif wyf&if;rsm;twGufBuD;MuyfuefYowfaq;0g;rsm;rSm-
(u) armfzif;xdk;aq;(Inj Morphine)
( c) yufo'if;xkd;aq;(Inj Pethidine)
( *) ukd'if;ygaomaq;rsm;(Codein Phos Tab; or Comethazine with codein)
wdkYjzpfygonf/ 4if;wdkYteuf Inj Morphine ESifh Inj Pethidine rsm;udk yxrOD;qkH;tBudrftjzpf xdk;aq;
tvkH;(20)pD w&m;0ifxkwf,lcGifh&Sdygonf/ ppfqifa&;wGif trSefwu,f'Pf&m&&Sdaom vlemrsm;udkom
tokH;jyK&ygrnf/ tokH;jyKNyD;jyefvnfjznfhwif;&ef awmif;cHEdkifygonf/ awmif;cH&mwGif aq;ESifh
aq;ypönf;awmif;cHvTm(aq;-77)(4)apmif? ppfqifa&;tpD&ifcHpmaumufEIwfcsufrdwåLrSef(4)apmif
'Pf&m&vlemtrnfpm&if;ESifh aq;tokH;jyKpm&if;(4)apmifwdkYjzifh oufqkdif&mppfajrjyifaq;wyf&if; odkY
wifjyawmif;cH&ygrnf/ oufqkdif&m ppfajrjyifaq;wyf&if;rS jznfhwif;aqmif&Gufay;ygrnf/
57/ iSufzsm;umuG,fa q;rsm;awmif;cHj cif;/ wkdif;ppfXmecsKyfuGyfuJrIatmuf&Sd

wyf&if;^wyfzGJYrsm;onf oufqkdif&mppfajrjyifaq;wyf&if;odkY vnf;aumif;?
wyfrXmecsKyfuGyfuJrIatmuf&Sd wyf&if;^wyfzGJYrsm;onf oufqkdif&mppfajrjyifaq;wyfcGJ (wyfraq;
wyfcGJ)odkYvnf;aumif; tiftm;pm&if;awmif;cHcsdefwGif trSefwu,f&Sdaom tiftm;ay;ydkY&ygrnf/
oufqkdif&m ppfajrjyifaq;wyf&if;rsm;rS pdppfNyD; aq;0efxrf;ñTefMum;a&;rSL;½Hk;odkY wifjyawmif;cH
&rnfjzpfygonf/ iSufzsm;umuG,faq;xkwf,l&ef taMumif;Mum;pm&&SdaomtcgwGif oufqkdif&m
ppfajrjyifaq;wyf&if; odkYr[kwf wyfraq;wyfcGJrsm;rS pdppfNyD; tiftm;twkdif; wyf&if;^wyfzGJU rsm;odkY
iSufzsm;umuG,faq;rsm; xkwfay;rnfjzpfygonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF NEW SCALE & OLD SCALE
FOR SIX MONTH
MIR SCALE
Old scale (64) Items.
New Scale (77) Items.
S.No Nomenclature A/U Old New Difference Remark
More Less
1 Gelmag Tab Tab 1000 1000
2 Sodamint Tab Tab 4000 2000 2000
3 Bellaneutron Tab Tab 1000 1000
4 Burazine Tab Tab 400 400
5 Mebendazole Tab Tab 200 200
6 Thalazulf Tab Tab 6000 6000
7 Nifedipine 10mg Tab Tab 300 300
8 Propranolol 40mg Tab Tab 300 300
9 Adrenaline Inj 1:1000 IU Amp 20 10 10
10 Vitamin K Inj Amp 20 10 10
11 Vitamin K Tab Tab 200 200
12 Diclofenac Inj Amp 30 30
13 Diclofenac 25mg Tab Tab 300 300
14 Buspro Tab Tab 6000 2000 4000
15 Cold Tab Tab 200 200
16 Morphine Sulphate 1ml Inj Amp 12 12 Initial
17 Paracetamol Syrup Bot 18 18
18 Paracetamol Tab Tab 1000 1000
19 Liniment Camphor 500ml Bot 6 5 1
20 Liniment Turpentine 500ml Bot 6 5 1
21 Taw Zaw Balm Jar 30 30
22 Diazepam 5mg Tab Tab 80 100 20
23 Burmeton Inj Amp 40 40
24 Burmeton Tab Tab 400 500 100
25 Chloramphenicol Ear Drop Bot 20 10 10
26 Solucortef 100mg Inj Vial 6 6
27 Amoxicillin Cap Cap 300 300
28 Ampicillin 250mg Cap Cap 300 600 300
29 Ampicillin syrup/ Amoxicillin Syrup Bot 30 30
30 Chloramphenicol 250mg Cap Cap 300 300
31 Chloramphenicol Syrup Bot 20 20
32 Procaine Penicillin Inj 4 Lk Vial 1200 600 600
33 Tetracycline 250mg Cap Cap 384 600 216
34 Tetracycline Paed Drop Bot 18 18
35 Tetracycline Syrup Bot 18 18
36 Septrin Tab Tab 2000 2000
37 Triple Sulpha Suspension Bot 60 30 30
38 Triple sulpha Tab Tab 6000 2000 4000
39 Streptomycin Sulphate Inj Vial 200 200
40 Metronidazole Tab Tab 1000 1200 200
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
More Less
41 Chloroquine Phosphate Inj Amp 90 90
42 Chloroquine Phosphate Tab Tab 3000 2000 1000
43 Pyrixine Tab Tab 300 300
44 Quinine Di HCL Inj Amp 40 40
45 Quinine Sulphate Tab Tab 4000 2000 2000
46 Anti- Snake 10ml Inj Amp 20 10 10 Initial
47 T.T 1ml Inj Amp 60 60
48 Aneurine HCl 50mg Tab Tab 2000 2000
49 Ascorbic Acid 100mg Inj Amp 20 20
50 Ascorbic Acid 100mg Tab Tab 2000 2000
51 Burplex forte Inj Amp 300 200 100
52 Burplex Tab Tab 6000 6000
53 Vitazone Drop Bot 30 30
54 Vitazone Elixir 120ml Bot 30 30
55 Vitazone Tab Tab 4000 4000
56 Dextrose 25% 25ml inj(Glucose 25%) Amp 100 100
57 Dextrose 5% in Normal Saline 500ml Bot 60 60
58 Dextrose 5% in Water 500ml Bot 60 60
59 Oral Rehydration Salt Pkt 600 300 300
60 Children Cough Syrup 120ml Bot 15 15
61 Cough Tab Nos 4000 2000 2000
62 Seddicough Expectorant 120ml Bot 15 15
63 Aminophylline 10ml Inj Amp 40 40
64 Aminophylline Tab Nos 600 600
65 Asmagon Tab Nos 1200 1200
66 Salbutamol Tab \Tab 600 600
67 Nikethamide Inj Amp 20 10 10
68 Sulphacetamide Eye Drop 20% Bot 12 12
69 Tetracycline Eye Ointment/ Chloramphenicol Eye Oint Tub 30 20 10
70 Clove Oil ml 12.5 12 0.5
71 Proflavine Powder Gram 50 50
72 B.H.C Lotion 500ml Bot 6 6
73 Burscabe Lotion 500ml Bot 20 10 10
74 Spirit Methylated 500ml Bot 20 12 8
75 Aqua Pro 5ml Inj Amp 1200 1000 200
76 Potassium Permanganate Gram 12.5 12.5
77 Spirit Ammonium Aromtic ml 250 250
78 Tincture Benzoin Compound 500ml Bot 2 1 1
79 Bandage 2" x 6 yds Nos 100 60 40
80 Bandage 4" x 6 yds Nos 100 60 40
81 Bandage Triangular Nos 30 12 18
82 Gauze 36" x 6 yds Nos 30 20 10
83 Plaster 2" x 10 yds Nos 12 12
84 Plaster 2" x 5 yds Nos 12 12
85 Wool Cotton 16 ozs Nos 20 20
86 Fluid Giving Set Nos 120 60 60
&SSif;vif;csuf/ ajcvsifwyf&if;wpf&if;vQif t&m&Sd^ppfonf (784)OD;? rSDcdkol(1175)OD;? pkpkaygif;
(1959) OD; pmcefYrSef;wGufcsufygonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
FOR SIX MONTH
COY SCALE
More Less
1 Gelmag Tab Nos 400 400
2 Sodamint Tab Nos 600 300 300
3 Senna Tab Nos 300 300
4 Thalasulf Tab Nos 600 600
5 Analgesin Tab/Paracetamol Tab Nos 200 200
6 Buspro Tab Nos 600 300 300
7 Morphine Sulphate 1ml Inj Amp 54 40 14 Initial
8 Tay Zaw Balm Jar 6 6
9 Burmeton Inj Amp 30 30
10 Burmeton Tab Nos 120 300 180
11 Ampicillin 250mg Cap Cap 400 400
12 Buromycellin Inj Vial 180 180
13 Procain Penicillin Inj 4Lkh Vial 120 120
14 Tetracycline 250mg Cap Cap 96 200 104
15 Septrin Tab Tab 200 200
16 Triple Sulpha Tab Nos 600 600
17 Metronidazole Tab Nos 600 400 200
18 Chloroquine Phosphate Inj Amp 60 60
19 Chloroquine Phosphate Tab Nos 1200 400 800
20 Quinine Sulphate Tab Nos 500 500
21 Aneurine HCl 50mg Tab Tab 1200 1200
22 Burplex Tab Nos 1200 1200
23 Vitazone Tab Nos 1200 1200
24 Dextrose 5% in Normal Saline 500ml Bot 20 20
25 Dextrose 5% in Water 500ml Bot 12 12
26 Oral Rehydration Salt Pkt 60 60
27 Cough Tab Nos 600 400 200
29 Sulphacetamied Eye Drop 20% Bot 6 6 other eye
Drop-3
30 Chloramphenicol Skin Ointment Tub 12 12
31 Proflavien Jelly 100g Tub 6 6
32 Sulphur Oint 250g Jar 3 2 1
33 Spirit Methylated 500ml ml 800 1000 200
35 Bandage 2" x 6 Yds Nos 18 40 22
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
More Less
36 Bandage 4" x 6 Yds Nos 18 40 22
37 Bandage Triangular Nos 6 6
38 Gauze 36" x 6 Yds Nos 6 6
39 Plaster 1" x 10 Yds Nos 3 4 1
40 Shell Dressing Nos 36 36
41 Sofratull 10 x 13 cm 10's Box 1.5 1.5
42 Wool Cotton 4 Ozs Nos 6 6
43 Fluid Giving set set 4 20 16
&Sif;vif;csuf/ wyfcGJwpfcGJvQif tiftm; (116)OD;jzifhwGufcsufygonf/

FOR SIX MONTH
UMC SCALE
S.No Nomenclature A/U Old New Differen Remark
ce
More Less
1 Liquid Paraffin 500ml Bot 2 1 1
2 Castor Oil 500ml Bot 2 2
3 Vitamin K Tab Nos 200 200
4 Buspro Tab Nos 400 250 150
5 Paracetamol Tab Nos 100 100
6 Phenobarbitone Tab Nos 200 100 100
7 Lobelline Inj Amp 20 10 10
8 Ergometrine Inj Amp 60 40 20
9 Buromycellin Inj Via 200 200
10 Procaine Penicillin Inj 4 Lkh Via 200 200
11 Aseptol Liquid 500ml Bot 9 6 3
12 Furamin BC Tab Nos 6000 6000
13 Ascorbic Acid 100mg Tab Nos 1000 1000
14 Burplex Forte Inj Nos 50 50
15 Folic Acid Tab Nos 500 500
16 Heparaforte Inj Amp 20 20
17 Vitamin B 12 100mg Inj Amp 180 50 130
18 Vitazone Tab Tab 6000 3000 3000
20 Proflavine Powder Gram 12.5 12.5
21 Spirit Methylated 500ml Bot 4 2 2
23 Gauze 36" x 100 Yds Nos 2 2
24 Plaster 2" x 10 Yds Nos 2 2
25 Plaster 3" x 10 Yds Nos 2 2
26 Wool Cotton 16 Ozs Nos
27 Surgical Glove Pair
28 Umblical Linen Thread Nos 24 24
29 Benedict Solution 500ml Bot 2 1 1
30 Glacial Acetic Acid Bot 2 1 1
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
aq;ypönf;ud&d,m (euf 8-226)
58/ wyf&if;aq;cef;? om;zGm;cef;? wyfcGJrsm;onf yl;wGJazmfjyxm;onfhZ,m;ygtwkdif; aq;ypönf;
ud&d,mrsm;udk xkwf,lokH;pGJ&ygonf/ ypönf;rsm;rysufpD;raysmufqkH;atmifvnf; xdef;odrf;&ygonf/
ysufpD;âysmufqkH;jcif;rsm;&SdcJhygu aq;0efxrf;ñTefMum;a&;rSL;½kH;\ tkyfcsKyfrIñTefMum;vTm 2^75
twkdif;aqmif&Guf&ygrnf/ tkyfcsKyfrIñTefMum;vTm 2^75udk yl;wGJazmfjyxm;ygonf/
txl;ypönf;tr,frsm; ajcvsifwyf&if;aq;wyfpkokH;aq;ypönf;ud&d,m
wefqmyvmrsm; (wyf&if;aq;cef;)
pOf ypö nf ;trS wf ypö nf ;trsKd ;trnf a&wG uf EI e f ;xm; tok H ;jyKyk H rS wf c suf
yk H
INSTRUMENT
1 Forceps artery S.W 7" Star. Nos 2 wyf&if;aq;cef;
okH;&eftwGuf
wyf&if;aq;cef;
wpfcef;(1)pkH
2 Forceps artery S.W 5" Star. Nos 2
3 Forceps disceting tooth 7" Nos 2
4 Forceps disceting without tooth 5" Nos 2
5 Forceps sinus 5" Nos 1
6 Forceps cheatle 10" Nos 1
7 Needle holder Nos 1
8 Needle assorted (Hypoder) 1to 12 Nos 2
9 Scissor Surgical 7" Str. Nos 1
10 Scissor sharp 7" Nos 1
11 Syringes hypodermic 20cc Nos 1
14 Thermometer Clinical 1/2 min in metal case Nos 6
SURGICAL APPLIANCES & SUNDRIES
15 Can enema 2 Pts ( Complete) Nos 1
16 Nozzle Vulcanite (Spare ) Nos 1
17 Nozzle irrigator tops (spares) Nos 1
18 Catheter I.R Size 5 Nos 2
21 Jug measure white 20 oz capacity gratuated Nos 1
inside
22 Needle curved cutting No.3 pkt of 6 Pkt 1
23 Touraiquets samway Nos 2
24 Tube stomach wash Nos 1
25 Tube Flatus Nos 1
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
txl;ypönf;tr,frsm; ajcvsifwyf&if;aq;wyfpkokH;aq;ypönf;ud&d,m
wefqmyvmrsm; (wyf&if;aq;cef;)(tquf)
pOf ypö nf ; ypö nf ;trsKd ;trnf a&wG uf EI e f ;xm; tok H ;jyKyk H rS wf c suf
trS wf yk H
HOSPITAL SUNDRIES
26 Bucket E.I with lid 30cm Nos 1
27 Basin dressing 10" Nos 1
30 Bowls 8" Nos 2
31 Bowls 10" Nos 2
32 Bedpan 37 Gm Nos 1
33 Sheeting waterproff 46x 1 Yds Nos 4
34 Trays 12x 71½ x 21½ Nos 2
35 Trays 10 7/8 x 6¼ x 2 Nos 2
36 Trays Kidney 20 cm Nos 1
39 Urinal mate E.I Nos 2
STERILIZERS
40 Sterilizers Instrument 9x5x3 with Kerosene Stove Nos 1
DISPENSING SUNDRIES
41 Dispensing scale complete Set 1
42 Funnel E.I Nos 1
43 Gallipot Nest of 4 procelain Set 1
44 Glass Measure 2 oz Set 1
45 Glass Measure 4 oz Set 1
46 Graduated proelain Slab Set 1
47 Glass Measure Minim 1 Drum Set 1
48 Mortar & Pestle 10" Set 1
49 Specular Nos 1
RESUSITATION
50 Fluid Giving Set Nos 12
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
txl;ypönf;tr,frsm; ajcvsifwyf&if;om;zGm;cef;okH;aq;ypönf;ud&d,m
wefqmyvmrsm;
pOf ypö nf ;trS wf ypö nf ;trsKd ;trnf a&wG uf EI e f ;xm; tok H ;jyK rS wf c suf
yk H yk H
LABORATORY APPARATUS & SUNDRIES
1 Test Tube Nos 10
STERILIZER wyf&if;om;zGm;
cef;okH;&ef
twGuf
om;zGm;cef;
wpfcef;(1)pkH
2 Sterilizers Instrument 9" x 5" x 3" with Nos 1
Kerosene Stove
3 Sterilizers H.P Dressing 9½" x 9½" x 15 Lbs Nos 1
P.S.I Complete with Drums Heated by
Primus Stove
4 Sterilizers Drum for 9½" x 9 Nos 2

ASEPTIC FURNITURE
5 Bedstead Iron Nos 10
6 Bedstead Obstetric Nos 1
7 Basin Stand Double Nos 1
8 Screen Iron Folding Nos 2
9 Temperature Chart Holder Nos 10
INSTRUMENT
10 Breast Pump Nos 2
11 Blood Pressure Apparatus Nos 1
12 Blade (Pkts of 6) Pkts 2
13 Forceps Artery S.W 5" Star Nos 2
14 Forceps Artery S.W 7" Star Nos 2
15 Forceps Disecting Tooth 7" Nos 2
16 Forceps Disecting without tooth 5" Nos 2
17 Forceps Cheatle 10" Nos 1
18 Needle Assorted Hypodermic size 1 to 12 set Doz 1
19 Needle Holder Hagger 7½" Nos 2
20 Nail Brush Small Nylon Bristle Nos 2
21 Plevimeter Nos 1
22 Safety Razor Nos 1
23 Scissors Surgical 7" Str Nos 1
24 Scissors Pointed 5" Str Nos 2
25 Scissors Str Blunt 7" Str Nos 1
26 Scissors Shop 7" Nos 1
27 Syringes Hypodermic 5cc Nos 2
28 Syringes Hypodermic 2cc Nos 2
29 Stethoscope Double Nos 1
30 Trumpet Nos 1
31 Thermometer Clinical ½ min metal Case Nos 6
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
txl;ypönf;tr,frsm; ajcvsifwyf&if;om;zGm;cef;okH;aq;ypönf;ud&d,m
wefqmyvmrsm;(tquf)
pOf ypö nf ;trS wf ypö nf ;trsKd ;trnf a&wG uf EI e f ;xm; tok H ;jyK rS wf c suf
yk H yk H
SURGICAL APPLIANCE & SUNDRIES
32 Catheter Mucus Nos 2
34 Catheter I.R 8" Nos 2
35 Catheter I.R 9" Nos 2
36 Can Enema 2 pte Complets Nos 2
37 Nozzle Vulcanite (Spare) Nos 2
38 Nozzle Irrigateir with tabs (Spare) Nos 2
39 Gloves Nos 6
40 Needle Curved Cutting No. 4 pkt of 6 Nos 1
HOSPITAL SUNDRIES
41 Bucket E.I with lid 30cm Nos 1
42 Basin Dressing 9" Nos 2
43 Bedpen 38cm Nos 1
44 Bowls 8" Nos 3
45 Feeding Cup Nos 2
46 Sheeting Waterproof 46 x 1 yds Nos 4
47 Spittoons Nos 5
48 Trays 10 5/8 x 6¾ x 2" Nos 2
49 Trays Kidney 20cm Nos 1
52 Tape Measure Nos 1
53 Urinal Female Nos 3
WEIGHING MACHINES
54 Baby Weighing Machine Nos 1
55 Gallipot Set of 4 (Porcelain) Nos 1
56 Personal Weighing Machine Nos 1
txl;ypönf;tr,frsm; ajcvsifwyf&if;wyfcGJokH;aq;ypönf;ud&d,m
wefqmyvmrsm;
pOf ypö nf ;trS wf ypö nf ;trsKd ;trnf a&wG uf yk H EI e f ;xm; tok H ;jyKykH rS wf c suf
GENERAL SURGICAL wdkufcdkufa&;
INSTRUMENTS wyfcGJtwGuf
wdkufcdkufa&;
wpfcGJ(1)pkH
(XmecsKyfryg)
1 Scissors Shop 7" Nos 1
2 Syringe 5cc Nos 2
3 Needle Hypodermic Assorted Nos 6
4 Thermometer Clinical ½ min Plate Case Nos 2
SURGICAL SUNDRIES &
APPLIANCES
5 Torniquets Samway Nos 2
HOSPITAL SUNDRIES
6 Alluminium Box (for Boiling Syringes) Nos 1
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
aq;0efxrf;nTefM um;a&;rSL;? AdkvfrSL;BuD;ausmfpdefxGef; xkwfj yefa om
aq;wyfzGJYtkyfcsKyfrI nTefM um;vTmtrSwf? 2^75
taMumif;t&m/ aq;ypönf;ud&d,mrsm; ppfa q;y,fzsufj cif;âysmufqkH;jcif;? ysufpD;jcif;rsm;
1/ aq;0efxrf;wyfzGJY&Sd oufqkdif&m aq;½kHrsm;ESifhwyfrsm;wGif xkwfay;xm;onfh aq;ypönf;

ud&d,mrsm;udk Mum&SnfpGm tokH;jyKjcif;aMumifh a[mif;EGrf;tokH;jyKí r&onfhtcg ppfaq;y,fzsuf
jcif;udk tcgtm;avsmfpGm jyKvkyf&mü atmufygtwkdif;aqmif&GufMu&rnf-
oufqkdif&maq;½kH^wyf&if;^wyfzGJYrsm;u aqmif&Guf&ef
2/ aq;ypönf;ud&d,mrsm;udk Mum&SnfpGmtokH;jyKjcif;aMumifh a[mif;EGrf;tokH;jyKí r&onfhtcg
4if;wdkYudk ppfaq;y,fzsufa&;twGuf aq;rSL;(3)OD;yg0ifaom ppfaq;y,fzsufa&;ckH½kH;(Board of Survey)
jyKvkyfNyD; atmufygpm&Gufpmwrf;rsm;ESifhtwl aq;0efxrf;ñTefMum;a&;rSL;½kH;odkY wifjy&rnf-
(u) ppfaq;y,fzsufa&;ckH½kH;tpD&ifcHpm 3 apmif
( c) aysmufqkH;rItpD&ifcHpm 3 apmif
( *) xkcGJa&mif;csykHpH(ykHpH-C) 42 apmif
rSwfcsuf/ xkcGJa&mif;csykHpH(ykHpH-C)jznfhpGuf&mwGif Surgical Instrument & E.I Wares rsm;twGuf
trsKd;tpm;wlNyD; t&G,ftpm;jcm;em;onfjzpfí wpfrsKd;pDazmfjy&efrvdkbJ pkaygif;í tav;csdefjzifhom
azmfjy&rnf/ aq;ypönf;ud&d,mBuD;rsm; jzpfonfh Sterilizer, Electrical Instrument & X-ray Equipment
rsm;udkrl ykHpHwGiftjynfhtpkHazmfjy&rnf/
3/ ppfaq;y,fzsufa&;ckH½kH;(Board of Survey )rS ay;ydkYaom ypönf;rsm;udk ppfaxmufcsKyf½kH;rS OD;pD;í
xkcGJa&mif;csjcif;NyD;pD;onfhtcgrSom wyf&if;v,f*smrsm;rS y,fzsuf&rnf/
aq;0efxrf;ñTefM um;a&;rSL;½kH;uaqmif&Guf&ef
4/ aq;½kHâq;wyfrsm;rSay;ydkYaom txuftydk'f 2(*)ygpm&Gufpmwrf;rsm;&&Sdonfhtcg ppfaq;
y,fzsufa&;ESifh xkcGJa&mif;csa&;twGuf qufvufaqmif&Guf&ef ppfaxmufcsKyf½kH;odkY ay;ydkY &rnf/
aysmufqkH;jcif;^ysufpD;jcif;udka qmif&Gufjcif;
5/ aq;ypönf;ud&d,mrsm;aysmufqkH;^ysufpD;onfhtcg pkHprf;ppfaq;a&;ckH½kH;(Court of Inquiry)
jyKvkyfNyD; aysmufqkH;rI^ysufpD;rItwGuf aysmufqkH;rItpD&ifcHpm(Lost Statement)jyKvkyf&rnf/
aysmufqkH;rItpD&ifcHpmESifh pkHprf;ppfaq;a&;ckH½kH;wdkYudk jyKvkyfNyD;onfhtcg wm0ef&Sdolu ay;avsmfap&ef
odkYwnf;r[kwf EdkifiHawmfb@mrS uscHap&efudk wyfrSL;\b@ma&;tcGifhtmPmtwGif;jzpfygu
wyfrSL;utrdefYcsrSwfNyD; tpm;xdk; xkwf,l&eftwGuf atmufygpm&Gufpmwrf;rsm;ESifhtwl trSwf
(1)aq;ypönf;XmeodkYawmif;cH&rnf-
(u) pkHprf;ppfaq;a&;ckH½kH;trIwGJ 3 apmif
( c) aysmufqkH;rItpD&ifcHpm 7 apmif
6/ tu,fí aysmufqkH;^ysufpD;rIonf wyfrSL;cGifhjyKEdkifaom b@ma&;tcGifhtmPmxuf
ausmfvGefae ygu aq;0efxrf;ñTefMum;a&;rSL;½kH;odkY qufvufwifjy&rnf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
aq;0efxrf;ñTefM um;a&;rSL;½kH;uaqmif&Guf&ef
7/ wyfrSL;cGifhjyKEdkifaom b@ma&;tcGifhtmPmxufausmfvGefonfh aysmufqkH;^ysufpD;rIrsm; twGuf
oufqkdif&maq;½kH^wyfrsm;rS txuftydk'f(6)ygtwkdif; qufvufwifjyvmonfhtcg aq;0efxrf;
ñTefMum;a&;rSL;u vdktyfovdk trdefYcsrSwfNyD; oufqkdif&maq;½kH^wyfrsm;odkY jyefvnf ay;ydkY&rnf/
trSwf(1)aq;ypönf;Xmeuaqmif&Guf&ef
8/ aysmufqkH;^ysufpD;onfh ypönf;ud&d,mrsm;udk tpm;xkd;xkwfay;&eftwGuf txuftydk'f
(5)ESifh(6)yg twkdif; aqmif&GufNyD; aq;½kH^wyfrsm;u awmif;cHvmonfhtcg trSwf(1)aq;ypönf;
Xmetaejzifh tpm;xdk;xkwfay;&rnf/
ykH ______
AdkvfrSL;BuD;
aq;0efxrf;ñTefMum;a&;rSL;
pmtrSwf? 2(1-u^1) aq; 3
&ufpGJ? 1975 ck? ZGefv 6 &uf
jzefYa 0jcif;
aq;wyftm;vkH;
aq;tBuHay;t&m&Sd?ajrmufydkif;wkdif;^ta&SUajrmufwkdif;^&efukefwkdif; ^taemufydkif;wkdif;
ppfXmecsKyf
wyfrwm0efcHaq;rSL;? trSwf(77)^(88)^(99)ajcjrefwyfrXmecsKyf
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
olem0wfypönf;rsm; euf-7^11(c)
wyfrawmfomrefa q;½kHokH;olem0wftxnfEIef;xm;
(wyf&if;tjyifolemaq;ppfcef;ESifhom;zGm;cef;)
pOf ypönf;trsKd;trnf a&wGufykH wyf&if; wyf&if; rSwfcsuf
tjyifolem om;zGm;
aq;ppfcef; cef;
1 olemtusÐ csnfxnf?taEG;xnftpdrf;Ek xnf 10 - ]u}e,fajrtwGuf
csnfxnf(50)%
ESifh
2 olemabmif;bDcsnfxnf?taEG;xnftpdrf;Ek xnf 10 - taEG;xnf(50)%ay;&
ef/
tjcm;e,fajrrsm;twG
3 olemtusÐ csnfxnf?taEG;xnftpdrf;Ek(r) xnf - 10 ufcsnfxnf
rsm;omxkwfay;&ef/
wyfwGif;olemtjzpf
4 olemvkHcsnf csnfxnf?taEG;xnftpdrf;Ek (r) xnf - 10 vufcHukocGifh
&&SdNyD;aom
wyf&if;tjyifolem
aq;ppfcef;rsm;twGuf
om/
59/ wyf&if;aq;cef;ôm;zGm;cef;&Sdaom ajcvsifâjcjrefwyf&if;^wyfzGJYrsm;onf þZ,m;yg
EIef;xm;ESifh tr,ftwkdif; olem0wfypönf;rsm;udk vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;ESifhtnD awmif;cH^jznfhwif;^tokH;
jyK&efvdktyfygonf/ wyf&if;trsm;pkonf þypönf;rsm;udk jynfhpkHrSefuefpGm awmif;cH^jznfhwif;^
tokH;jyKjcif;r&SdMuyg/ aysmufysuf rnfudk pdk;&drfívnf;aumif;? tkyfcsKyfrIudpö&yfrsm; ½IyfaxG;rnfudk
pdk;&drfívnf;aumif; rSefuefjynfhpkHpGm xkwf,l tokH;jyKavhr&SdMuyg/ rdrd\ &Jabmf&Jbuf ZeD;? om;orD;?
vlemrsm; epfemonfomru wm0ef&Sdolrsm; udk,fwkdifvnf; wm0efrausjcif;[laom
ppfpnf;urf;azmufzsufrIwpfckudk usL;vGef&ma&mufonfudk owdcsyfoifhygonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
wyfrawmftxl;aq;&HkokH;olemt0wftxnfESifhypönf;EIef;xm;
(wyf&if;vlemaq;ppfcef;ESifhom;zGm;cef;)
pOf ypönf;trsKd;trnf a&wGufykH wyf&if; wyf&if; rSwfcsuf

tjyifolem om;zGm;
aq;ppfcef; cef;
1 za&mif;ykqdk;(yvyfpwpf)36-vufr Asuf udkuf 24 48 twGif;olemtjzpfvufcH
2 ydwfpcsnfxnftpdrf;Ek(36)vufrAsuf udkuf - 72 ukocGifh
3 wbufacR;okwftjzL xnf 4 5 &&SdNyD;aom
wyf&if;tjyifvel m
aq;ppfcef;rsm;twGufom
/
4 "r®wmxdef;t0wf xkyf - 1 olemwpfa,muftwGuf
om/
5 ydwftESD;csnfxnftjzL(arG;puav;okH;) udkuf - 60 wyf&if;om;zGm;cef;wGifokH;
&ef/
6 ydwftESD;csnfxnftjzL(arG;puav;okH;) udkuf - 6 arG;puav;rsm;aq;½kHwGif
;twGuf
xkwfay;&ef udkuf(200)udk
t&H
tjzpfxm;&Sd&ef/
wyfrawmfa q;&HkokH;olemt0wftxnfESifhypönf;EIef;xm;
(wyf&if;vlemaq;ppfcef;ESifhom;zGm;cef;)
pOf ypö nf ;trsKd ;trnf a&wG uf y k H wyf & if ; wyf & if ; rS wf c suf
tjyif ol e m om;zG m;
aq;ppf c ef ; cef ;
1 wbufudk,fokwftjzL xnf 5 10 twGif;olemtjzpfvufcHukocGifh
&&SdNyD;aom wyf&if;tjyifolem
aq;ppfcef;rsm;twGufom/
2 arGU,ma&`rSKyf&mbm vkH; 5 5
3 tdyf,mcif;csnfxnftjzL xnf 10 10
4 acgif;tkH;csnfxn(tBuD;) vkH; 10 10
5 acgif;tkH;pGyf csnfxnftjzL(tBuD;) ck 20 20
6 apmiftaEG;tjymEk(aq;½kHokH;) xnf 5 10
7 apmifcsnfxnf xnf 5 10
8 jcifaxmiftjzL vkH; 5 5
9 *Grf;uyf(ppfpdrf;) xnf 5 5
10 acgif;tkH;pGyf(yvyfpwpf) ck 5 5
11 arGU,mpGyf(yvyfpwpf) ck - 5
12 jcifaxmiftjzL(arG;puav;okH;) vkH; - 5
13 apmiftaEG;tjym(arG;puav;okH;) xnf - 5
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
14 arGU,ma&`rSKyf umuDpGyftygt0if vkH; - 5 ]u} e,fajrtwGufom
wyfrawmf(Munf;?a&?av)tdrfaxmifpk0ifrsm;twGuf aq;½kH&du©mtr,fESifhEIef;xm;
60/ wyfrawmfppfaq;½kHrsm;wGifvnf;aumif;? wyfe,fppfaq;½kHrsm;wGifvnf;aumif;? wyfe,f^
wyf&if;om;zGm;cef;rsm;wGifvnf;aumif;? wufa&mufaq;0g;uko&aom wyfrawmfom;rsm;\
tdrfaxmifpk0ifrsm;tm; aq;rSL;\ axmufcHcsuft& aq;½kH&du©m(1?2?3)rsKd;teuf oifhavsmfaom
aq;½kH&du©m trsKd;tpm;udk auR;arG;Edkifygonf/
61/ aq;½kH&du©m(1)ESifh(3)udk wyfrawmfaq;rSL;r&Sdygu aq;vufaxmuf(odkY) wyf&if;om;zGm;
q&mr(odkY) e,fbufaq;rSL;(q&m0ef)\ axmufcHcsufjzifh auR;arG;Edkifygonf/ aq;½kH&du©m(1?2?3) \
tr,fEIef;xm;rsm;udk aemufqufwGJ(u)(c)(*)wdkYjzifhazmfjyxm;ygonf/
wyfrawmf (Munf;?a&?av) tdrfa xmifpk0ifrsm; arG;prS( 1)ESpftwGif;uav;rsm;twGuf

aq;½kH&du©mrsm;
62/ aq;½kH&du©m(1)/ wyfrawmfaq;½kHrsm;wGifvnf;aumif;? wyfe,faq;½kHrsm;wGifvnf;aumif;?

wyfe,f^ wyf&if;om;zGm;cef;rsm;wGifvnf;aumif;? wufa&mufaq;0g;ukoMuaom wyfrawmf
(Munf;?a&?av) tdrfaxmifpk0ifrsm;\ vrapharG;aom uav;rsm;twGufomjzpfygonf/
63/ aq;½kH&du©m(2)/ wyfrawmfppfaq;½kHrsm;wGifvnf;aumif;? wyfe,fppfaq;½kHrsm;wGifvnf;aumif;?

wyfe,f^ wyf&if;om;zGm;cef;rsm;wGifvnf;aumif;? wufa&mufaq;0g;uko&aom wyfrawmf
(Munf;?a&?av) tdrfaxmifpk0ifrsm;\ arG;prS wpfESpftwGif; uav;rsm;twGuf aq;rSL;axmufcHonfh
tr,f(1)rsKd;om xkwfay;&efESifh wyfwGif; om;zGm;cef;rsm;wGif wufa&mufuko&aom uav;rsm;twGuf
wyfrawmfaq;rSL;r &Sdygu wyfwGif;om;zGm;q&mr(odkYr[kwf) e,fbufaq;rSL;(q&m0ef)\
axmufcHcsufjzifh auR;arG;Edkifygonf/
64/ txufygaq;½kH&du©m(1)ESifh(2)\ tr,fESifhEIef;xm;rsm;udk aemufqufwGJ(C)jzifh
azmfjyxm;ygonf/
trdefYtmPm/ umuG,fa&;0efBuD;Xme?ppfaxmufcsKyf½kH;\d(9-474)&ufpGJygpmtrSwf?16^v&câxmuf
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
aemufqufwGJ(u)
wyfrawmf(Munf;?a&?av) aq;½kH&du©m (1) tr,fESifhEIef;xm;Z,m;
pOf &d u© mtr,f wpf a ,muf wpf y wf rS wf c suf

wpf a eUEI e f ; xk wf a y;
onf h
tBud r f
atmif p usyf om;
1 qef 22 7
2 ukvm;yJ 5.00 7
3 [if;csufqD 2.50 7
4 qm; 1.00 7
5 ig;yd 0.50 7
6 vzufajcmuf 1^10 7
7 aumfzDrIefY 1^4 7
8 a[mvpf 3^2 1
9 tdkAmwif; 1^4 3
10 oMum; 4.00 7
11 EdkYqD 5^2 7
12 EdkY 17.25 3
13 axmufywf(1) 1^4 3 (1)a&m*gtrsKd;rsKd;aMumifh azma&mifaomvlemrsm;twGuf
14 ,dk 1^2 3 vdktyfu qm;vGwfaxmywftm;auR;arG; Edkifygonf/
15 bDpuGwf(1) 2 4
16 brf;rIefU 4 3
17 jiKwfoD;ajcmuf 0.40 7
18 rqvmrIefY 0.06 4
19 xif;(2) 1 jcrf; 7 (2) Steam Cooker
tokH;jyKaomaq;½kHrsm;wGiftaMumftavSmf
twGuf tokH;jyK&efjzpfygonf/
20 a&tdrfokH;puúL 8 &Guf 7
21 tom;rsm;(3) (3) tom;rsm;ESifhywfoufí bmoma&;t&a&SmifusOfol
(u)trJom;(t½dk;yg) 7.00 2 rsm;twGufbJO(2)vkH;? ig;ajcmuf(5)usyfom;tpm;xdk;Edkif
( c)0ufom;(t½dk;yg) 7.00 2
( *)qdwfom;(t½dk;yg) 7.00 2 onf/tom;rsm;teufwpfckckudkr&vQiftjcm;tr,fwpfckck
(C)Muuf(t&Sif) 14.00 2
( i)bJ(t&Sif) 15.00 2 udkvnf;aumif;?atmufygrsm;udkvnf;aumif;?tpm;xdk;Edkifo
( p)ig; 10.00 2 nf-
(q)ykZGef 10.00 1 - tom;bl;(4)atmifp
- ig;aowå
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
onf h
tBud r f
atmif p usyf om;
(Z)bJO^MuufO(4) 2 vkH; 1 (4) ae&ma'oESifhaps;EIef;oufom&mudkokH;pGJyg/

22 [if;oD;[if;&Guf(5) 15.00 7 (5) r&vQif[if;oD;[if;&Gufbl;(4)atmifpEIef;jzifh
tpm;xkd;Edkifonf
23 tmvl; 7.00 7
24 MuufoGefeD 3.75 7
25 MuufoGefjzL 0.41 7
26 refusD;oD;rSnfh 0.15 7
27 *sif; 0.15 7
tyd k a qmif ;&d u© m(6 (6) aq;rSL;axmufcHcsufjzifhvdktyfaomtr,f
) wpfrsKd;(odkY)ESpfrsKd;pvkH;udkEIef;xm;twkdif;jzpfap?
avQmhí jzpfap auR;arG;Edkifonf/
28 trJoJ^0ufoJ^qdwfoJ 4.00 7
29 MuufO 2vkH;
opf oD ;&d u© maMu;
þ&du©mpm;okH;&ol vlemrsm;tm;
oufqkdif&maq;½kHrsm;rS a'o
tvdkuf&&SdEdkifaom opfoD;rsm;udk
a'oEÅ&0,f,lauR;arG;Edkif&ef
twGuf vlemwpfOD;
wpfaeY(15)jym;EIef;xufrydkapbJ wyfaqmif
aiGrSxkwf,lokH;pGJEdkifonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
aemufqufwGJ(c)
wyfrawmf(Munf;?a&?av) aq;½kH&du©m (2)tr,fESifhEIef;xm;Z,m;

wpf a eUEI ef ; xk wf a y;
onf h
tBud r f
atmif p usyf om;
1 qef 8 7
2 [if;csufqD 1.75 7
3 qm; 1.00 7
4 vzufajcmuf 1^10 7
5 aumfzDrIefY 1^4 7
6 a[mvpf 2 7
7 tdkAmwif; 1^4 7
8 oMum; 4.50 7
9 EdkYqD 5^2 7
10 EdkU(1) 17.25 7 (1) r&vQifa[mvpf(2)atmifpEIef;jzifhtpm;xdk;Edkifonf/
11 axmywf(2) 1^2 7 (2) a&m*gtrsKd;rsKd;aMumifhazmaomvlemrsm;twGuf vdktyfu
qm;vGwfaxmywftm;xkwfauR;Edkifonf/
12 ,dk 1^2 7
13 bDpuGwfrIefY(csKd) 1 7
14 aygifrkefY 4 7
15 xif;(3) 1jcrf; 7 (3) Steam Cooker tokH;jyKaomaq;½kHrsm;wGiftaMumftavSmf
twGuf wpfywfwpfBudrf tokH;jyK&efjzpfygonf/
16 a&tdrfokH;puúL 8 &Guf 7
17 tom;rsm;(4) (4) bmoma&;t&a&SmifusOfolrsm;twGufbJO(2)vkH;?ig;ajcmuf
(u)trJom;(t½dk;yg) 7.00 1 (5)usyfom;tpm;xdk;Edkifonf/tr,fwpfckckudkr&vQiftjcm;
(c) qdwfom;(t½dk;yg) 8.50 4 tr,fwpfckckudkvnf;aumif;?tom;bl;(4)atmifpîg;aowåm
(*) Muuf(t&Sif) 17.00 3 jynfy(5)atmifp^jynfwGif;(4)atmifpudktpm;xdk;Edkifonf/
(C) bJ(t&Sif) 20.00 2 tom;ig;EIef;xm;rsm;onfvlw
(i) ig; 10.00 73
(p) trJoJ^qdwfoJ^ 7.00 1
0ufoJ
18 MuufO 2vkH; 7
19 [if;oD;[if;&Guf(5) 15.00 7 (5) r&vQif[if;oD;^&Gufbl;(4)atmifpEIef;jzifhtpm;xdk;Edkifonf/
20 tmvl; 5.00 7
21 MuufoGefeD 0.75 7
22 MuufoGefjzL 0.40 7
tyd k a qmif ;&d u© m(6) (6) aq;rSL;axmufcHcsufjzifhtr,fwpfrsKd;(odkY)ESpfrsKd;pvkH;udk
EIef;xm;twkdif;jzpfap?avQmhí jzpfap auR;arG;Edkifonf/
23 MuufO 2vkH;
24 trJoJ^0ufoJ^qdwfoJ 4.00
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
aemufqufwGJ(*)
wyfrawmf(Munf;?a&?av) aq;½kH&du©m (3)tr,fESifhEIef;xm;Z,m;

onf h
tBud r f
atmif p usyf om;
1 rka,m 1 - 7
2 aumfzDrIefY ƒ - 7
3 a[mvpf 2 - 7
4 tdkAmwif; ƒ - 7
5 oMum; 8.00 7
6 EdkUqD 2 7
7 EdkY(1) - 75.00 7 (1) r&vQifa[mvpf(4)atmifp(odkYr[kwf)
EdkYqD(3)atmifpEIef;jzifhtpm;xdk;Edkifonf/
8 Muuf(t&Sif) 10.00 7
9 MuufO 2vkH; 7
10 qm; 0.25 7
11 xif;(2) 1jcrf; 7 (2) Steam Cooker
tokH;jyKaomaq;½kHrsm;wGiftaMumftavSmf twGuf
wpfywfwpfBudrf tokH;jyK&efjzpfygonf/
12 a&tdrfokH;puúL 8&Guf 7
tyd k a qmif ;&d u© m
13 MuufO 2vkH;
14 vdar®mf&nf(odkY)vdar®mf 20t&nf
bmvD(odkY) vdkif;rusL; atmifp
15 EdkYrIefU 9atmifp
rSwfcsuf/ (1) aq;½kH&du©mpdkxkwf,lauR;arG;jcif;rjyKEdkifygu &du©mpdkaiGudk oufqkdif&mwkdif;ppf XmecsKyfodkY
wifjyawmif;cHía'oEÅ&0,f,lauR;arG;Edkifygonf/
(2) uuaxmuf\9-4-74&ufpGJygpmtrSwf?16^vc&âxmuft& wyfrawmfppfaq;½kH
rsm;wGifvnf;aumif;?wyfe,fppfaq;½kHrsm;wGifvnf;aumif;? wyfe,f^wyf&if;om;zGm;cef;
rsm;wGif vnf;aumif;wufa&mufaq;0g;uko&aom wyfrawmfom;rsm;\
tdrfaxmifpk0if rsm;tm; aq;rSL;\axmufcHcsuft& &du©m(3)rsKd;teufoifhavsmf&m
aq;½kH&du©mudk auR;arG;Edkifygonf/ aq;½kH&du©m(1)ESifh(3)udk wyfrawmfaq;rSL;r&Sdygu
aq;vufaxmuf odkYr[kwf wyf&if;om;zGm;q&mr odkYr[kwf e,fbufq&m0ef\
axmufcHcsufjzifh auR;arG;Edkifygonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
aemufqufwGJ(C)
wyfrawmf(Munf;?a&?av)tdrfaxmifpk0ifarG;prSwpfESpftwGif;
uav;rsm;twGuf aq;½kH&du©m (1)(2)tr,fESifhEIef;xm;
wpf a eUEI e f ; xk wf a y;onf h
tBud r f
atmif p usyf om;
1 aq;½k H & d u © m(1)
Milk Powder Dried 7 7
(Mineral & Vitaminised)
(Suitable for Premature)
2 aq;½k H & d u © m(2)
(Full Cream)
(odkYr[kwf)
(Half Cream)
(odkYr[kwf)
(Skimmed)
rSwfcsuf/ (1) wyfrawmfaq;½kHrsm;wGifvnf;aumif;? wyfe,fppfaq;½kHrsm;wGifvnf;aumif;? wyfe,f

wyf&if;om;zGm;cef;wGifvnf;aumif; wufa&mufaq;0g;ukoaom wyfrawmf
(Munf;?a&?av) tdrfaxmifpk0ifrsm;\ vrapharG;aomuav;rsm;twGufom/
(2) uuaxmuf\9-4-74&ufpGJygpmtrSwf?16^vc&âxmuft& wyfrawmfppfaq;½kH
rsm;wGifvnf;aumif;?wyfe,fppfaq;½kHrsm;wGifvnf;aumif;? wyfe,f^wyf&if;om;zGm;cef;
rsm;wGifvnf;aumif;wufa&mufaq;0g;uko&aom wyfrawm(Munf;â&âv)
tdrfaxmifpk0ifrsm;\ arG;prSwpfESpftwGif;uav;rsm;twGufaq;rSL;axmufcHonfh
tr,f(1)rsKd;om; xkwfay;&efESifhwyfwGif;om;zGm;cef;rsm;wGif wufa&mufukoaom
uav;rsm;twGufwyfrawmfaq;rSL;r&Sdygu wyf&if;om;zGm;q&mr (odkYr[kwf)
e,fbufaq;rSL; (q&m0ef)\ axmufcHcsufjzifhauR;arG;Edkifyg onf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
tiftm;jznfhtydka qmif;&du©m
onf h
tBud r f
atmif p usyf om;
1 tom;îg; 3.50 7 taMumif;aMumif;aMumifh oufqkdif&mwyfrSL;taejzifhrdrdwyf
wGif yk*d¾KvftvdkufqkH;jzwfí tiftm;jznfhtydkaqmif;&du©m
auR;arG;&efvdktyfonf[k ,lqonfhtcg yk*d¾Kvfta&twGuf
ESifhtiftm;udkazmfjyí wkdif;ppfXmecsKyf\ cGifhjyKcsufudkBudKwif
awmif;cHNyD;vQif auR;arG;Edk
2 tmvl; 3.50 7
3 [if;oD;[if;&Guf 7.00 7
4 MuufO(1) 2vkH; 7 (1) MuufOr&Edkifonfhtcg EdkUESifhoMum;udkvuf&SdEIef;xm;\
(2)qjzifhtpm;xdk;Edkifonf/
5 oMum; 0.75 7
6 EdkU(2) 17.25 7 (2) EdkUr&vQif a[mvpf(2)atmifpudk tpm;xdk;Edkifonf/
7 &rft&uf(3) 2 7 (3) xdo k dkUtiftm;jznfh&du©mauR;arG;olrsm;tm; &rfESifh
vbuf&nftydkaqmif;xkwf,ljcif;rjyK&/
rSwfcsuf/ (1) txl;ojzifh ppfqifa&;wm0efrsm;xrf;aqmifNyD;csdefwGif awmif;cHauR;arG;avh&Sdygonf/

(2) oufqkdif&mwkdif;ppfXmecsKyfodkYtiftm;jznfh&du©mauR;arG;Edkifa&; aq;ppfcGifhjyKyg
&efwifjy&rnf/
(3) oufqkdif&mwkdif;ppfXmecsKyfrS uuaq;odkY wifjyñSdEIdif;vdrfhrnf/ uuaq;rSqkdif&m
aq;wyfzGJYodkY aq;ppfay;a&;ñTefMum;vdrfhrnf/
(4) oufqkdif&mwyfonf aq;ppfykHpH?ppfxGuftiftm;ESifhumvtwGuf oufqkdif&mwkdif;^
wyfr\ axmufcHcsufESifhtwl wkdif;ppfXmecsKyfodkYjyefvnfwifjy&rnf/ erlem ,loifhaom
aq;ppfykHpH (3)rsKd;udk aemufqufwGJ(i)jzifhazmfjyxm;ygonf/
(5) tiftm;jznfh&du©mtr,fEIef;xm; (odkYr[kwf) a'oEÅ&0,f,lpm;okH;&efaiGudk
wkdif;ppfXmecsKyfrS csrSwfay;vdrfhrnf/
(6) ta&;BuD;qkH;rSm ppfonfrsm; tiftm;jynfhap&ef trSefwu,fpm;okH; &a&;jzpfygonf/
yGJvrf; obif? aysmfyGJ&TifyGJrsm;ESifh tjcm;udpörsm;twGuf tokH;jyK&efr[kwfyg/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
aemufqufwGJ( i)
aq;ppfykHpH( erlem)
ykHpH( 1) trSwf( )ajcvsifâjcjrefwyf&if;
trSwf( )wyfcGJ
aq;ppfykHpH
pOf ud k ,f y d k if tqif h trnf ud k ,f tav;csd e f a&m*g rS wf c suf
trS wf
&S d &S d oif h
1
100
wyfcGJrSL;
trSwf( )wyfcGJ
rSwfcsuf/ (1) udk,ftav;csdef&oifh? awGU&Sdaoma&m*gESifhrSwfcsufwdkYudkaq;rSL;rSjznfhpGuf&ygrnf/

(2) wyfcGJrSL;onf ykHpH\atmufajcwGifwyfcGJ&Sdtiftm;rSefuefaMumif;vufrSwfxdk;&rnf/
(3) þykHpoH nf wpfOD;csif;ppfaq;csufjzpfí (7)apmifjyKpk&ygrnf/ þykHpH\tay:rS wyfcGJ
wpfckvkH;\ ppfaq;csufaygif;csKyf(atmufyg)udkxm;&Sd&rnf/
ykHpH( 2) tiftm;jznfh&du©mtwGufa q;ppfa xmufcHcsuf

wyfcGJ - ( )
ppfqifa&;trnf - ( )
ppfqifa&;umv - ( )
&Sd&if;tiftm;
t&m&Sd - ( ) a,muf
tjcm;tqifh - ( ) a,muf
---------------------------------
pkpkaygif; - ( ) a,muf
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
aq;ppfcHol
t&m&Sd - ( ) a,muf
---------------------------------
tiftm;jznfhauR;arG;&efa xmufcHol
t&m&Sd - ( ) a,muf
---------------------------------
wpfywfpm ( )_ 7 ( )t1
ESpfywfpm ( )_ 14 ( )t1
okH;ywfpm ( )_ 21 ( )t1
av;ywfpm ( )_ 28 ( )t1
------------- ----------------------
pkpkaygif; ( )a,muf ( )t1
t&m&Sd? ppfonf( )a,muftwGuf ( ) t 1 auR;arG;&ef axmufcH
ygonf/
(vufrSwf)
( aq;rSL; )
wHqdyfwkH;
trSwf( ) ppfajrjyifaq;wyf&if;
rSwfcsuf/ þykHpHudk wpfOD;csif;aq;ppfykHpHwpfckpD\ a&SUwGif wpfapmifpDyl;wGJ&ygrnf/ wyfcGJrsm;tvdkuf
þykHpHrsm;twdkif; jyKpkNyD;aomtcg wyf&if;wpf&if;vkH;twGuf atmufygpm&if;
aygif;csKyf(7)apmif jyKpk&ygrnf/ 4if;pm&if;aygif;csKyfwGif aq;rSL;vufrSwfa&;xdk;onfhtjyif
aq;wyfrSL;rS xyfqifh vufrSwfa&;xdk;&ygonf/
ykHpH( 3) aq;rSL; axmufcHcsuf
1/ aq;0efxrf;ñTefMum;a&;rSL;½kH;\( )&ufpGJyg pmtrSwf? ^ ^
t& trSwf( )ajcvsifâjcjrefwyf&if;?ppfaMumif;( ) XmecsKyfESifhwyfcGJ( )rS a&SUwef;ppfqifa&;
wm0efxrf;aqmifcJhMuaomt&m&SdESifh ppfonftiftm; ( )a,mufwdkYtm;
usef;rma&;aq;ppfMunfh&mwGiftiftm;csKdUwJholrsm;udk awGU&Sd&ygojzifh atmufazmfjyygtwkdif;
tiftm;jynfh &du©mrsm;xkwf,l auR;arG;cGifh jyKEdkifyg&ef axmufcHtyfygonf-
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(u) tiftm;jznfh&du©mauR;arG;&efaq;ppfcJhol ( )a,muf

( c) tiftm;jznfh&du©mpm;okH;&efrvdkol ( )a,muf
( *) wpfywfauR;arG;&rnfhol ( )a,muf ( )a,muf
(C) ESpfywfauR;arG;&rnfhol ( )a,muf ( )a,muf
( i) okH;ywfauR;arG;&rnfhol ( )a,muf ( )a,muf
( p) av;ywfauR;arG;&rnfhol ( )a,muf ( )a,muf
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
pkpka ygif; ( )a,muf ( )a,muf
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
2/ txufazmfjyygtiftm;jznfh&du©mpkpkaygif;( )a,muftwGuf ( _ 1)wdkYtm;
pDADGaq;jym;tygt0if auR;arG;&efaxmufcHtyfygonf/
(vufrSwf)
( aq;rSL; )
wHqdyfwkH;
ae&m/ ------------------
&ufpGJ/ ------------------
xyfqifhvufrSwf
(vufrSwf)
(wyf&if;rSL;)
trSwf( ) ppfajrjyifaq;wyf&if;
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
aq;½kHaoG;vSL&Sifrsm; tydkaqmif;&du©m tr,fESifhEIef;xm;

pOf &d u© mtr,f wpf a ,muf wpf y wf xk wf rS wf c suf
wpf a eUEI e f ; ay;onf h tBud r f
atmif p usyf om;
1 EdkU 34.50 ppfaq;½kHrsm;wGifaoG;vSLaom
tvSL&Sifrsm;tm; ,SOfwGJygEIef;udk
2 MuufO 2vkH; wpfaeUvQifwpfBudrfus(3)&uf
3 bDpuGwf(tcsKd) 1 wdwdauR;arG;Edkifygofn/ (t&yf
om;rsm;tygt0if)
e,fbufa q;½kHrsm;wGifukopOf &du©mcHpm;cGifh

65/ atmufygtwkdif;cGifhjyKxm;ygonf-
&du©mtr,f EIef;xm; oifha iG
(u) MuufO 2 vkH; 240d-00g;
( c) bDpuGwf(odkYr[kwf) 2 atmifp
aygifrkefY 4 atmifp 132d-00g;
( *) EdkYvwfqwf 10atmifp 174d-00g;
(C) opfoD;vwfqwf 10atmifp 188d-00g;
---------------
734d-00g;
---------------
66/ e,fbufqkdif&maq;½kHodkYwufa&mufukoMuaomwyfrawmfom;wpfa,muftm; e,fbuf
qdkif&maq;½kHrS tpm;tpmauR;arG;jcif;jyKygu Medical Comfort tjzpfwpfaeYvQif (734d)EIef;
cHpm;Mu&NyD; e,fbufqkdif&m aq;½kHrStpm;tpmauR;arG;jcif;rjyKEdkifygu txufyg Medical Comfort
EIef;xm;tjyif wyfrSwyfrawmfomref&du©mudkygxkwf,lauR;arG;cGifh&Sdonf/ ,if;odkYwyfrawmfomref&du©m
xkwf,lauR;arG; &mü wyfrawmfom;vlemtm; oufqkdif&me,fbufaq;½kHrS tpm;tpmauR;arG;jcif;
rjyKaMumif; axmufcHcsuf awmif;,l&rnfjzpfygonf/
trdefYtmPm/ ppfaxmufcsKyf½kH;\(18-5-95)&ufpGJygpmtrSwf?435^zx-15âxmuft&/
rSwfcsuf/ owfrSwfaiGEIef;xm;ajymif;vJjyifqifrI&SdEdkifygonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
wyfrawmf(Munf;?a&?av) aq;&HktaxGa xG&du©m tr,fESifhEIef;xm;

pOf &d u© mtr,f wpf a ,muf wpf y wf xk wf rS wf c suf
wpf a eUEI ef ; ay;onf h tBud rf
atmif p usyf om;
1 b&ef'D^&rf^ 2 aq;½kH&du©m(2)ESifh(3)pm;okH;ol vlemrsm;\
pifumepf^ydkU0dkif 5%(odkY)10%udkaq;rSL;\axmufcHcsufjzifhauR;arG;
Edkifonf/
2 a&cJ rwf?atNyD?arESifh usefvrsm;
aq;½kHtrsKd;tpm; pufwifbmvrsm; twGuf(1)&uf
twGuf(1)&ufpmEIef; pmEIef;
(aygif)
(u)q&u 600 250 ,SOfwGJygEIef;xm;onfwpfaeYtrsm;qkH;
okH;&efjzpfonf/4if;ta&twGufudkwu,f
vdktyfrSomtokH;jyK írvkdtyfyguavQmhayg
tokH;jyK&efjzpfonf/
( c)cq&(1) 500 200
( *)wq&1^300 300 100
(C)wq&2^300 200 100
(i)rq&rsm; 200 200
(p)wq& ^100 50
3 a&eHqD 40(t&nfatmifp) ppfaq;½kH&Sd avrD;zdkrsm; wpfvkH;
trSwf(2) wpfaeYtwGufjzpfonf/
4 aq;½kHpm;zdkacsmif wpfvuefYowf
ok;H &du©maMu;aiG aiG
aq;½k H trsKd ;tpm; 1400
(u)q&u 1000
( c)cq& 500
( *)wq&(300) 300
(C) rq&rsm; 200
( i)wq&(100)
rSwfcsuf/ trSwf(2)&Sdaq;½kHtrsKd;tpm;tvdkuf &oifhaoma&cJEIef;rSm twGif;0ef½kH;? umuG,fa&;
0efBuD;Xme\(9-3-71)&ufpGJygpmtrSwf?22-c(yx)71t& jyifqifxm;jcif;jzpfygonf/ wyfrawmf
(Munf;â&âv)twGufowfrSwfjyXmef;xm;aomESKef;xm;rsm;jzpfygonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
&du©mtrsKd;tpm;rsm;
67/ &nf&G,fcsuf/
wyfrawmf(Munf;?a&?av)ppfrIxrf;rsm;tm;vkH;(1)oifwef;'PfcHEdkif&ef/(2)udk,fvuf usef;rmoefpGrf;
ap&ef ESifh (3) wdkufyGJqifETJ&mü tyifyef;cHwkdufcdkufEdkifap&ef&nf½G,fí &du©mrsm;
xkwfay;auR;arG;&jcif;jzpfonf/ xrf;aqmif&aomwm0ef0wå&m;rsm;tvdkuf trsKd;tpm;cGJjcm;
owfrSwfxm;ygonf/
68/ &du©mtrsKd;tpm;tvdkuftusKd;cHpm;cGifh/ atmufygtwkdif;jzpfygonf-
(u) wyfrawmf(Munf;?a&?av)omref&du©m/ wyfrawmf(Munf;?a&?av)wGif
ppfrIxrf;aqmif aeMuaomppfonfawmftm;vkH;odkY xkwfay;auR;arG;&efjzpfygonf/
&du©mpdk? &du©majcmuf[lí (ESpfrsKd;)cGJjcm;xm;NyD; aeYpOfxkwfay;auR;arG;Edkifygonf/
ypönf;rsm; xkwfay;pm;okH;jcif; rjyKEdkifonfhtcg &du©mpdkaMu;^&du©maMu;aiGrsm;udk
owfrSwfjyXmef;csufESifhtnD xkwfay; auR;arG;Edkifonf/ omref&du©majcmuftr,f
ESifhEIef;xm;rsm;tm; aemufqufwGJ(p)wGif azmfjyxm;ygonf/
(c) wkdufcdkufa &;&du©m/ wdkufcdkufa&;&du©mqdk&mwGif atmufygtwkdif; ESpfrsKd;cGJjcm; xm;NyD;
tr,fESifhEIef;xm;rsm;udk aemufqufwGJ(q)wGif azmfjyxm;ygonf-
(1) wdkufcdkufa &;&du©m(qef) / ppfqifa&;e,fajrtvdkufomref&du©mudk o,faqmif
roGm;Edkifíjzpfap? o,f,lydkYaqmifa&;udkNcdK;NcHíjzpfap? ajrmufjrm;pGmo,f,ljcif;
rjyKEdkifíjzpfap? tajctaet& vltkyfpkcGJírdrdpm;okH;&ef vdktyfaomtcgüjzpfap
vG,fulpGmxkwf,lpm;okH;Edkif&eftwGuf (8)a,muf (1)&ufpm &du©mudk tdwfjzifhxnfhí
xkwfay;jcif;jzpfonf/ 4if;&du©mwGif qefygojzifh csufjyKwf&efvdkygonf/
(2) wdkufcdkufa &;&du©m(bDpuGwf) / txufygtaMumif;tcsufrsm;teuf txl;ojzifh
&du©mrsm;udk csufjyKwfpm;aomuf&ef tcsdefr&íjzpfap? &efoltm; teD;uyf
tvpftidkufzrf;í wdkufcdkufEdkifap&eftwGufjzpfap? vG,fulpGm xkwf,lpm;okH;Edkif&ef
twGuf (8)a,muf (1)&ufpm&du©mudk oHykH;jzifhxnfhí xkwfay; jcif;jzpfonf/
4if;&du©mwGif csufjyKwf&ef tr,frsm;vkH;0rygacs/
(*) aemufwef;tvkyform;&du©m(0efxrf;)
(1) qef 28 atmifp
(2) ukvm;yJ 5 usyfom;
(3) qD 0.75 usyfom;
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(4) qm; 1.75 usyfom;
(5) ig;ajcmuf 5 usyfom; (odkYr[kwf) tom;Al; (4) atmifp? ig;Al;(jynfy)

(4)atmifp (odkYr[kwf) ig;Al;(jynfwGif;) (5) atmifp
(C) a&SUwef;tvkyform;&du©m/ a&SUwef;ppfqifa&;wGif wyfrawmfom;rsm;ESifhtwl uGefref'dk
ppfqifa&; a&SUwef;ppfrsufESmrsm;wGif yg0ifxrf;aqmif&aom t&yfom; txrf;orm;rsm;
tm; auR;arG;Edkifonf/(EIef;xm;rSm omref&du©mEIef;xm;twkdif; jzpfonf)
(i) vufeufcszrf;qD;&rdolrsm;&du©m(tvif;0if)/ omref&du©m odkYr[kwf omref
&du©mwefbdk;aiG udk xkwf,lauR;arG;Edkifonf/ (vufeufcs0ifa&mufonfhaeYrS oufqkdif&m
XmeodkYvTJajymif; ay;onfhaeYtxd)/
(p) zrf;qD;&rdolrsm;&du©m(okHYyef;)/ wyfrawmfrSzrf;qD;&rdaom jynfolY&J? e,fbuf
tpkd;&trIxrf;rsm;? tvkyform;rsm;tm; zrf;qD;&rdonfhaeYrS oufqkdif&mXmeodkY
vTJajymif;ay;onfhaeYxd atmufygtwdkif;xkwf,lauR;arG;Edkifygonf-
(1) qef 26 atmifp
(2) yJ 5 usyfom;
(3) qD 0.75 usyfom;
(4) qm; 1.75 usyfom;
rSwfcsuf/ vufeufcszrf;qD;&rdolrsm;ESifhygvmonfh ZeD;om;orD;rsm;teuf (12)ESpf
txuf uav;wpfOD;vQif(wpf)&du©mtjzpfvnf;aumif;?(12)ESpfatmuf
uav; wpfOD;vQif(ƒ)&du©mtjzpfvnf;aumif;xkwf,l auR;arG;Edkifygonf/
69/ wkdufcdkufa &;&du©mawmif;cH^xkwf,l&mwGifvkdufem&rnfhtcsufrsm;
(u) wkdufcdkufa&;&du©mrsm;udk oufwrf;(6)vxufausmfvGefrxdef;odrf;&ef/
( c) wkdufcdkufa&;&du©mpm;okH;ygu &du©majcmuf^&du©mpdk^&du©maMu;aiGrsm;xkwf,lpm;
okH;jcif;rjyK&/
( *) wdkufcdkufa&;&du©mydkpm;tm; qufvufckESdrfpm;okH;jcif;rjyKEdkifaMumif; ESifh ydkpm;twGuf
aiGoGif;ay;avsmfap&rnf/
(C) vufeuf^cJ,rf;rD;ausmufponfh BuD;MuyfuefYowfypönf;rsm;uJhodkY oabmxm;&NyD;
tokH;jyK&efvdktyfygu oufqkdif&mwkdif;^wyfrXmecsKyfrsm;\oabmwlcGifhjyK csufjzifhom
awmif;cH^xkwf,lEdkifygonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
70/ taxGa xGrSwfpk

(u) pnfoGwfAl;trSwftom;rsm;
(1) trJom;[if;Al; - BBEC
(2) trJpif;aumAl; - BBEM
(3) yJ^MuufOc&rf;csOfAl; - PCUT
(4) EdkifvGefyJc&rf;csOfAl; - PNLT
(5) ig;oavmufAl; - NTLC
(6) yJ^c&rf;csOfoD; - KHPT
(7) vdkufcsD; - LYCS
(8) o&uf&nf - MGJP
(9) emewfoD;(tuGif;) - PINW
(10) emewfoD;(twkH;) - PINC
(11) emewfoD;(t&nf) - PINS
(12) pawmfb,f&D,dk - SJAM
(13) emewf,dk - PJAM
(14) o&ufoD;ukvm;w,f - MGPD
(15) bmvacsmif(iyd) - HBLC
rSwfcsuf/ ,if;trSwftom;ay:ü *Pef;(4)vkH;½dkufESdyfxm;&Sdonf/ ,if; xkwfvkyfonfh
&ufpGJjzpfí&ufpGJ(2)vkH;? v? ESpf [kowfrSwfygonf/
(c) &du©mtr,frsm;tcsdeftwG,fESifhywfoufí taxmuftuljyKap&efatmuf ygtwkdif;
rSwfom;Ekdifygonf-
(1) [ef;aumtjzLESifhatmufygtwdkif;csdefwG,f&&Sdygonf-
(uu) qm; tv,f&pf 1 ydóm
( cc ) qD tv,f&pf 1 ydóm
( ** ) oMum; tv,f&pf 1 ydóm
(CC) oMum; Zvkyfwkduftjynfh 1.20 ydóm
( ii ) i½kwfoD;ajcmuf Zvkyfwdkuftjynfh .15 ydóm
( pp ) vbufajcmuf Zvkyfwkduftjynfh 1aygif 8atmifp
(qq) ukvm;yJ Zvkyfwkduftjynfh 1.05 ydóm
( ZZ ) qef Zvkyfwkduftjynfh 1 jynf 4 aygif
(2) (uu) qef EdkYqDAl;(1)vkH; 9 atmifp
( cc ) ukvm;yJ EdkYqDAl;(1)vkH; 15 usyfom;
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
( ** ) vbufajcmuf EdkYqDAl;(1)vkH; 4 atmifp
(CC) oMum; EdkYqDAl;(1)vkH; 18 usyfom;

( ii ) qD EdkYqDAl;(1)vkH; 20 usyfom;
(3) [ef;aum(1)vkH;wGif (qef^yJ)EdkYqDAl; (6)vkH;cGJ&Sdygonf/
(4) [ef;aumtv,ftHonf EdkYqDAl;(1)vkH;ESifhnDí (9)atmifp&Sdygonf/
(5) [ef;aumtzkH;onf EdkYqDAl;(1)vkH;cGJESifhnDygonf/
(*) &du©mpdktpm; pnfoGwfAl;rsm; xkwf,lpm;okH;ygu ppfonfwpfOD;twGuf-
(1) [if;oD;Al; (6)atmifp
(2) ig;Al;(jynfwGif;)(5)atmifp^(jynfy)4 atmifp odkYr[kwf [if;oD;Al; (6)atmifp
(3) trJAl;(4)atmifp EIef;jzifh xkwf,lpm;okH;Edkifygonf/
(C) rnfonfh&du©mtrsKd;tpm;udkjzpfap? ppfqifa&;umvü xkwf,lpm;okH;aomtcg
tiftm;ESifh &ufudk wyf&if;odkY aMu;eef;jzifhay;ydkYí ajypmtm; vpmay;tzGJYjzifh
ay;ydkYoGm;&efjzpfygonf/
(i) yguiftav;csdefrsm;rSmatmufygtwkdif;jzpfygonf-
(1) qef (1)tdwf 110.05 aygif
(2) qD (1)ayyg 100.00 ydóm
(3) yJ (1)tdwf 29.00 ydóm
(4) qm; (1)tdwf(BuD;) 40.00 ydóm
(5) qm; (1)tdwf(ao;)15.00 ydóm
(6) iyd (1)tdwf 15.00 ydóm
(7) i½kwfoD; (1)tdwf 6.00 ydóm
(8) oMum; (1)tdwf 31.00 ydóm
(9) vbufajcmuf (1)tdwf 45.00 ydóm
(10) EdkYqD (1)vkH; 14.00 atmifp
(11) EdkYqD (1)aowåm 42.00 aygif(48)vkH;yg
(12) puúL (1)vdyf 800 &Guf
(13) pDADGaq;jym; (1)ykvif; 1000 jym;
(14) a[mvpf (1)ykvif; 16.00 atmifp
(15) tdkAmrpf (1)ykvif; 16.00 atmifp
(16) rdkifvdk (1) ykvif; 16.00 atmifp
(17) (1)aygif 27.50 usyfom;
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(18) (1)ydóm 3.6 aygif
aemufqufwGJ(p)
ppfonfwpfOD;omref&du©majcmuf wpfa eY&oifhEIef;xm;
pOf ypö nf ;trsKd ;trnf a&wG uf y k H ta&twG uf rS wf c suf
1 qef atmifp 26
2 ukvm;yJ usyfom; 5
3 [if;csufqD usyfom; 2.25
4 qm; usyfom; 1.75
5 iyd usyfom; 0.5
6 i½kwf usyfom; 0.4
7 eEGif;rIefU usyfom; 0.03
8 EdkYqD atmifp 2
9 oMum; usyfom; 2.5
10 vbufajcmuf atmifp ˆ
11 a&tdrfokH;puúL &Guf 4
12 pDADGaq;jym; jym; ƒ
13 xif; jcrf; ƒ
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
ppfonfwpfOD;&du©mpdk wpfa eY&oifhEIef;xm;

pOf ypö nf ;trsKd ;trnf a&wG uf ta& wpf y wf xk wf a y; rS wf c suf
yk H twG uf onf h tBud r f a ygif ;
1 tom;rsm;(1) (1) bmoma&;t&a&SmifMuOfolrsm;

twGufbJO 2vkH;îg;ajcmuf 5usyfom;?
tpm;xdk;Edkifonf/(Oyrm-rlpvif?[dE´L
bmom0ifwdkYudkomvQifbmoma&;t&
ta&;BuD;onf[kqdkvdkonf)/
tom;tr,frsm;teufwpfckckudkr&vQ
if tr,fwpfckckudkvnf;aumif;
atmufyg
rsm;udkaomfvnf;aumif;tpm;xkd;Edki
(u) trJom;(t½dk;yg) usyfom; 12.00 3
( c) 0ufom;(t½dk;ryg) usyfom; 7.00 1
( *) qdwfom;(t½dk;yg) usyfom; 7.00 1
(C) ig;(odkY) ykZGef(odkY) usyfom; 13.75 1
Muuft&Sif
( i) ig;ajcmuf(odkY) usyfom; 5.00 1 (2) bJO^MuufOrsm;rSm ae&ma'o
MuufO^bJO (2) 2vkH; tvdkuf&EdkifonfhtrsKd;tpm;udk auR;
arG;Edkifonf/
2 [if;oD;[if;&Guf(2) usyfom; 12.00 7 (3) [if;oD;[if;&Gufr&Edkifonfhtcg
[if;oD;[if;&GufAl;(3.5)atmifpudk
tpm;xdk;Edkifonf/
3 tmvl; usyfom; 7.00 7
4 *sif; usyfom; 0.15 7
5 opfo;D tr,frsm;(4) usyfom; 10.25 7
z&JoD;ô&ufoD;îSufaysm
oD;êmewfoD;ûRJaum
oD;â&Smufyef;oD;ôabFm
oD;^vkdifcsdoD;^(odkYr[kwf)
vdar®mfoD;â&SmufcsKdoD;^
opfawmhoD;ÊSif;oD;^BoZm 8.50
oD;ôcroD;^ydEéJoD;^Muuf
armufoD;^pawmfb,f&D
oD;^rif;uGwfoD;/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
aemufqufwGJ(q)
wyfrawmf(Munf;?a&?av)wdkufcdkufa &;&du©mtr,fESifhEIef;xm;
pOf &d u© mtr,f wpf a ,muf wpf y wf xk wf a y; rS wf c suf
wpf a eUEI e f ; onf h tBud r f
atmif p usyf om;
1 qef(odkYr[kwf) 26
bDpuGwf 10
2 axmywf(1) 2 (1)bDpuGwfESifhomwGJbuf&ef/
3 tom;Al; 4
4 ig;Al;(2) 4 (2)taMumif;aMumif;aMumifh EdkifiH
jcm;Al;rsm;tokH;jyKonfhtcg(7.5)
atmifpxkwfay;&ef/
5 [if;oD;[if;&GufAl; 2
6 ig;ydaMumf(3) 1 (3)qefESifhwGJxkwf&ef/
7 o&ufoD;oeyf(3) 1
8 qm; 0.75
9 vbufajcmuf ˆ
10 oMum; 2.50
11 EdkUqD 2
12 oMum;vkH;(odkY) 2
ajryJ,dk(odkU) 3.50
ESrf;jypf 3.50
13 pD;u&uf(4) 6 vdyf (4)&du©mwpfykH;vQif(50)vdyf0if(1)Al;

14 qm;jym;(5)*&rf 1 jym;
15 puúL 8 &Guf
rSwfcsuf/ axmufyhHa&;wyfrsm;rS (8)a,muf(1)&ufpmtxkyfi,frsm; toifhxkyfydk;jzefYa0ygonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
&du©mwGufenf;
xkwf,lvkdaomtiftm;udk wnfí xkwf,lvdkonfh &ufESifha`rSmuf&ef/
Oyrm/ (1) wyfpdwfwpfpdwfonf ppfonf(6)a,muftwGuf &du©m(7)&ufpmxkwf,lvQif-
6 a,muf _ 7 &uf = 42 t 1
vl O D ;a& qef uk vm;yJ qD
aygif atmif p yd óm usyf yd óm usyf jym;
40 65 4 2 10 90
+2 +3 4 50
42 68 4 2 10 94 50
ponfjzifh useftr,frsm;udkyg wGuf,l&rnf/
qef [ef;aum(1)vkH;vQif EdkYqDAl; (6)vkH; (odkYr[kwf) wpfjynfjzpfonf/
qef [ef;aum(1)vkH;vQif (6) _ (9)atmifp = 54 atmifp
68 aygif 4atmifp = (68 _ 16) + 4 = 1092 atmifp
xdkYaMumifh &&Sdonfh qefta&twGuf csifvQif 1092 ÷ 54 = [ef;aum ESifh (20)vkH;?
EdkYqDAl;(1)bl; + 3atmifp&&Sdrnf/
yJ [ef;aumwpfvkH;vQif (1)ydóm? xdkYaMumifh &&SdrnfhyJta&twGuf [ef;aum(2)vkH;ESifh
(10)usyfom;/
rSwfcsuf/ ykHao&du©mEIef;xm;Z,m;ESifh udkufñSdwGuf,l&ef/
&du©mtiftm;ñSdZ,m;(erlem)
pOf aeY p GJ xk w,l pm;ok H ; yd k p m; vd k p m; rS wf c suf
tif tm; tif tm;
1 1-1-83 1000 100 900
2 2-1-83 100 800
3 3-1-83 200 600
4 4-1-83 200 400
5 5-1-83 150 250
6 6-1-83 200 50
7 7-1-83 100 -
pk p k aygif ; 1000 1050 - 50
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
&du©mEIef;xm;Z,m;(vlOD;a&tvdkuf)
vl O D ;a& qef uk vm;yJ qD qm;
aygif atmif p yd óm usyf jym; yd óm usyf jym; usyf jym;
1 1 10 5 2 25 75
2 3 4 10 4 50 1 50
3 4 14 15 6 75 2 25
4 6 8 20 9 00 3 00
5 8 2 25 11 25 3 75
6 9 12 30 13 50 4 50
7 11 6 35 15 75 5 25
8 13 - 40 18 00 6 00
9 14 10 45 20 25 6 75
10 16 6 50 22 50 7 50
20 32 8 1 00 45 00 15 00
30 48 12 1 50 67 50 22 50
40 65 0 2 00 90 00 30 00
50 81 4 2 50 1 12 50 37 50
60 97 8 3 00 1 35 00 45 00
70 113 12 3 50 1 57 50 52 50
80 130 0 4 00 1 80 00 60 00
90 146 4 4 50 2 2 50 67 50
100 162 8 5 00 2 25 00 75 00
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
vl O D ;a& ig;yd i½k wf eEG i f ; Ed k UqD

usyf jym; usyf jym; usyf jym; usyf jym;
1 50 40 3 2
2 1 00 80 6 4
3 1 50 1 20 9 6
4 2 00 1 60 12 8
5 2 50 2 00 15 10
6 3 00 2 40 18 12
7 3 50 2 80 21 14
8 4 00 3 20 24 1 0
9 4 50 3 60 27 1 2
10 5 00 4 00 30 1 4
20 10 00 8 00 60 2 8
30 15 00 12 00 90 3 12
40 20 00 16 00 1 20 5 0
50 25 00 20 00 1 50 6 4
60 30 00 24 00 1 80 7 8
70 35 00 28 00 2 10 8 12
80 40 00 32 00 2 40 10 0
90 45 00 36 00 2 70 11 4
100 50 00 40 00 3 00 12 8
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
vl O D ;a& oMum; vbuf a jcm pD A D Ga q; puú L

uf
yd óm usyf jym; aygif atmif p jym; &G uf
1 2 50 ˆ ƒ 4
2 5 00 ‰ 1 8
3 7 50 Š 1ƒ 12
4 10 00 ‹ 2 16
5 12 50 1 2ƒ 20
6 15 00 1ˆ 3 24
7 17 50 1‰ 3ƒ 28
8 20 00 1Š 4 32
9 22 50 1‹ 4ƒ 36
10 25 00 2 5 40
20 50 00 4 10 80
30 75 00 6 15 120
40 1 00 00 8 20 160
50 1 25 00 10 25 200
60 1 50 00 12 30 240
70 1 75 00 14 35 280
80 2 00 00 1 00 40 320
90 2 25 00 1 2 45 360
100 2 50 00 1 4 50 400
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
wyfrawmf(Munf;? a&/av)twnfjyKaq;ykHpHrsm;(t*Fvdyf)
pOf yk H p H trS wf yk H p H trnf rS wf c suf
1 aq; -1 Defence Services Medical History Sheet of

2 aq; -3 Field Medical Card
3 aq; -6 Medical Case Sheet
4 aq; -7 Clinical Chart
5 aq; -9 Diet Sheet
6 aq; -10 Daily Diet Requestion
7 aq; -12 X-ray Form
8 aq; -13 X-ray Film Card
9 aq; -14 Hospital Record Card
10 aq; -23 Scute Bloodenal Case
11 aq; -24 Laboratory
12 aq; -25(u) ENT Form
13 aq; -25( c) Opthalmic Case Sheet
14 aq; -30 Head Injury Chart
15 aq; -31 Medical Categorization
16 aq; -33 Medical Board of Recruits
17 aq; -35 Preceeding of Medical Board
18 aq; -37 Preceeding of Medical Board ( Officers & Nurses)
19 aq; -38 Preceeding of a Medical Board
20 aq; -40 Medical Board of Reassessment of Disability
21 aq; -44 Dental Treatment Card
22 aq; -45 Dental Treatment
23 aq; -46 Monthly Dental Summary
24 aq; -48 Medical Board of Reassessment of Disability
25 aq; -56 Infections Disease Notification
26 aq; -60 Clinical Record
27 aq; -69 Gastric Analysis Graph
28 aq; -71 Pre-Operation Presavation
29 aq; -72 X-ray Register
30 aq; -73 Summery of X-ray Examination
31 aq; -74 Glucose Tolerances Test (Graph)
32 aq; -78 Expense Book
33 aq; -80 Medical Examination of Personal Selected for Training in
Foreign Countries
34 aq; -84 Report on Medical Examination on Termanation of Service
35 aq; -91 Report on Standard of Heaving
36 aq; -92 Clinical Chart (Opthalmic)
37 aq; -94 Quarterly Medical Strores Situration Return
38 aq; -95 Yearly Medical Stores Situration Return
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
39 aq; -98 Job Card
40 aq; -100 Blood Bank Request

41 aq; -101 Blood Grouping Card (A)
42 aq; -102 Blood Grouping Card (AB)
43 aq; -103 Blood Grouping Card (B)
44 aq; -104 Blood Grouping Card (O)
45 aq; -106 Urine Volume Chart (Frequency and Specific Gravity)
46 aq; -107 Leprosy Chart
47 aq; -109 Request for Specialist Consultation
48 aq; -110 Request (Haematology)
49 aq; -111 Request for Pathological Investigation
50 aq; -112 Request (Bacteriology)
51 aq; -113 Fluid Therapy Chart for Burns
52 aq; -114 12 Hrs Fluid Chart
53 aq; -117 Nursing Notes and Treatment Record
54 aq; -118 Obsteric Unit Dischart Form
55 aq; -119 Diabetic Chart
56 aq; -134 Supplementary Diet Indent
57 aq; -135 Physiotherapy Attendance and Record and Treatment Order
58 aq; -136 Report Form History
59 aq; -137 Report (Biochemistry)
61 aq; -150 X-ray Record (Families)
62 aq; -151 X-ray Record (Army Personal)
63 aq; -155 Blood Transfusion Chart
64 aq; -160 Weekly Return of Operational Casualities
65 aq; -161 Baby Bed Sheet
66 aq; -162 Antenatal Ticket
67 aq; -163 Bed Side Report
68 aq; -164 Obsteric Chart
69 aq; -165 Blood Bank Form (A)
70 aq; -166 Blood Bank Form (B)
71 aq; -167 Blood Bank Form (C)
72 aq; -168 Blood Bank Form (D)
74 aq; -170 Blood Bottle Label 'A' Group RH Positive Yellow
75 aq; -171 Blood Bottle Label 'B' Group RH Positive Red
76 aq; -172 Blood Bottle Label 'AB' Group RH Positive White
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
77 aq; -174 Clotted Pilot Bottle (23" - 0.0" )Label
wyfrawmf(Munf;â&âv)twnfj yKaq;ykHpHrsm;(jrefrm)
1 aq; -2 aq;cef;owif;ydkYpm&if;
2 aq; -4 aq;½kHwufvufrSwf
3 aq; -18 aeYpOfvlempm&if;tajcjyZ,m;
4 aq; -19 vcsKyfvlempm&if;jyefwrf;
5 aq; -20(u) wyfrawmfaq;½kHrsm;wGifppfrIxrf;^tdrfaxmifpk0if^rSDcdkol
aq;ukorIpdppfa&;rSwfwrf;
6 aq; -28(u) aq;½kHqif;vufrSwf
7 aq; -28(c) rSDcdkolrsm;aq;½kHqif;vufrSwf
8 aq; -29 rawmfwqxdcdkufojzifh 'Pf&m&jcif;(odkYr[kwf)rdrdudk,fudk
rdrd'Pf&m&atmifjyKvkyfojzifh'Pf&m&jcif;twGuftpD&ifcHpm
9 aq; -34 aq;wyfzGJUrsm;jyifyvlemukojcif;rSwfwrf;
10 aq; -36 a&m*gaMumifhaoqkH;jcif;(odkYr[kwf)a&m*gaMumifhaq;ppftzGJYESifh
ppfaq;NyD;wyfrSxGufcGifhjyK&ef&nfpl;xm;olwdkYESifhywfoufonfh
tpD&ifcHpm
11 aq; -41 aq;ppftzGJUjzifh ppfaq;xGufcGifhjyKa&;twGuf oabmwl

0efcHcsuf
12 aq; -42 aq;ppftzGJUvufrSwf

13 aq; -47 aq;tqifhedrfhusaomt&m&Sdr[kwfolrsm;\trnfpm&if;
14 aq; -54 umuG,fa&;aq;xdk;jcif;jyefwrf;
15 aq; -60 cGJpdwfukojcif;rSwfwrf;
16 aq; -64(u) vpOfa&m*gtvdkufaq;½kHqif;ESifhaoqkH;jcif;jyefwrf; wyfrawmfom;
rsm;twGuf
17 aq; -64(c) vpOfa&m*gtvdkufaq;½kHqif;ESifhaoqkH;jcif;jyefwrf; tdrfaxmifpk0if
rsm;twGuf
18 aq; -65 aoqkH;jcif;vufrSwf
19 aq; -66 ppfrIxrf;aqmifjcif;ESifhoufqkdifonf[k,lqaMumif;vufrSwf
20 aq; -77 aq;ESifhaq;ypönf;awmif;cH^xkwfay;^vufcHvTm
21 aq; -80 wyfom;opfrsm;ppfaq;csufykHpH
22 aq; -82 pdwfa&m*g&Sd^r&Sdprf;oyfppfaq;&rnfh vlemtay:awGU&Sd
wifjycsuf
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf

23 aq; -121 arG;zGm;vufrSwf
24 aq; -126 wyfrawmfrdcifESifhuav;rsm;apmifha&Smufa&;XmewGif
Munfh&SKUjcif;
25 aq; -127 udk,f0efaqmiftrsKd;orD;rsm;ppfaq;a&;rSwfwrf;

26 aq; -140 wyfrawmfom;rsm;twGuf ajcwk?vufwkESifht½dk;uk
ud&d,mrsm;awmif;cHvTm
27 aq; -142 wyfrawmf(Munf;â&âv)tqifhtwef;tm;vkH;\aq;½kH

wuf^qif;vpOfjyefwrf;
28 aq; -144 vlemt0wftpm;xkwfay;^vufcHajypm

29 aq; -146 vpOfudk,f0efaqmifESifharG;zGm;jcif;qkdif&mjyefwrf;
30 aq; -152 ynm&yfuRrf;usifrIaxmufcHpm
31 aq; -153 pma&;rsm;ypönf;xdef;pma&;rsm;ynm&yfppfaq;a&;tzGJU wyfzGJUpma&;rsm;
32 aq; -159 tqifhwdk;`rSifha&;twGufaxmufcHcsuf
33 aq; -226 aoqkH;jcif;ESifhtwnfjyKaxmufcHcsuf
34 aq; -227 rpGrf;roefrItNidrf;pm;vpmtwGuf aq;tzGJUrSppfaq;NyD;
axmufcHcsuf
35 aq; -228 rpGrf;roefrItNidrf;pm;vpmtwGuf owfrSwfxm;onfh ESpf

ukefí aq;jyefvnfppfaq;ay;&efpm&Gufpmwrf;
36 aq; -229 aq;jyefvnfppfaq;ay;aom twnfjyKpm&Gufpmwrf;rsm;

ay;ydkUjcif;
37 aq; -230 cGJpdwfukojcif;jzifh om;orD;r&&SdatmifjyKvkyfay;a&;

twGufavQmufvTmykHpH
38 aq; -244 aq;ppfcsufvufrSwf

39 aq; -300 aq;rSwfwrf;
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
vQd KU0S uf
87
tyd k if;(2)
aq;ynmqd k if &mbmom&yf rsm;
vQd KU0S uf
vQd KU0S uf
89
tcef;(1)
"mwfrSefESifhyHk&dyfazmfenf;ynm
X-ray qdkonfrSm
Xray udktoHk;jyKí a&m*g&SmazGaom &ifbwf"mwfrSef (ChestXray)? 0rf;Adkufydkif;
"mwfrSef (PlainXrayAbdomin) ponfwdkYonf vlemukorItydkif;wGif rsm;pGmyiftaxmuf
tuljyKavonf/ Xray qdkonfrSm eletromagneticradiation wpfrsdK;jzpfjyD; vlYcE¨mudk,f
twGif;ydkif;&Sd jyifyrS rjrifEdkifaom udk,fcE¨mtpdwftydkif;rsm;udk yHk&dyfazmf&mwGif toHk;jyK
onf/ Xray xkwfvkyfyHkrSm atmufygtwdkif;jzpfonf/
Xraytube wGif vQyfppftr"mwfowÅd&Sdaom cathodeESifY vQyfppftzdk"mwf owÅd &Sdaom
anode wdkYjzifYyg0ifzGJYpnf;xm;onf/ Cathode wGifyg0ifaom filament eef;MudK;rQifudk tungstenwire
jzifYjyKvkyfxm;jyD; 4if;onf Xray\ rlvt&if;cH jzpfaom electron rsm; xGufay:&m jzpfonf/
jrifYrm;aom vQyfppfAdkYtm;ESifY xdawGY vdkufaomtcg filament rS t&Sdefjyif;pGm
vGifYxGufoGm;aom electron rsm;onf tungsten jzifY jyKvkyfxm;aom anode rsufESmjyifESifY
&dkufcwfonfYtcg Xray xGufay:vmavonf/ xdkuJYodkY xGufay:vmaom Xray udk
yHk&dyfazmfa&m*g&SmazG&ef toHk;jyKjcif;jzpfonf/
&ifbwf"mwfrSef (ChestXray)
&ifbwf"mwfrSefwpfcsyfudk MunfY&I&mwGif atmufygwdkYtm; t"duxm;í MunfY&SK

oifYayonf/
(u) Bothlungfields
tqkwfESpfzuftm; MunfY&SK&mwGif wpfzufonf tjcm;wpfzufxuf

ydkí jzLvGef;jcif; rnf;vGef;jcif;r&SdrSom yHkrSeftajctaejzpfayrnf/ tqkwf
ESpfzufonf yHkrSefyrmPvnf; &Sd&ayrnf/ Lungcollapse jzpfaom tajc
taewGif jzpfyGm;aom tqkwfzufjcrf;onf yHkrSefxufydkí yrmP usHKU0if
aernfjzpfonf/ xdkYjyif a&m*gydk;0ifjyD; a&m*gjyefYyGm;jcif; tajctaersm;
infectivechanges&Sdr&Sdudkvnf; aoaocsmcsm MunfY&SK&ayrnf/
(c) Hilarregions
Hilarregion[kac:aom tqkwf\ tpdwftydkif;ESpfzufwGif

b,fzufonf nmzufxuf wpfvufrcefY ydkíjrifYwufwnf&SdaeEdkifonf/
tqdkyg hilum ESpfzufonf twGif;odkYcGuf (Concave)aom yHko@mef&SdjyD;
wpfzufESifYwpfzuf t&G,ftpm;nDnmpGm &Sdr&Sdudk MunfY&SK&rnf jzpfonf/
vQd KU0S uf
vQd KU0S uf
90
(*) Heartsize
ESvHk;\ t&G,ftpm;udk wdkif;wm&mwGif tqkwfESpfckMum; ESvHk;\

tus,f0ef;qHk; tvsm;udk &ifacgif;wpfckvHk;\ tus,fqHk;twdki;f twmESifY
tcsdK;cswGufcsuf&rnf jzpfonf/ yHkrSeftm;jzifY ESvHk;t&G,ftpm;onf
&ifacgif;wpfckvHk;\wpf0uf? tcsdK;tm;jzifY ESpftcsdK;wpf&Sd&rnfjzpfonf/
ESvHk;tqdkY&Sifa&m*g? ESvHk;ysufpD;rItajctaersm;wGif tqdkygtcsdK;tpm;onf
yHkrSefxufydkjyD; MuD;rm;aeayrnf/
(C) Diaphragm
Diaphragm ESpfzufwGif nmzufonf b,fzuftjcrf;xufydkí

jrifYrm;aernfjzpfjyD; tqdkyg diaphragmESpfckMum; tjrifYjcm;em;csufonf 1.2
vufrxufrydkoifYay/ Diaphragm ESpfck\ rsufESmjyifonfvnf; acsmarGY
nDnmaeoifYavonf/
(i) Costophrenicangles
b,fESifYnm Costophrenicangle ESpfckvHk;onf axmifYusOf; (Acuteangle)

tajctae&Sd&rnfjzpfjyD; tem;owftaejzifYvnf; acsmrGwn f Dnm rI&Sdr&Sdudk
t"duxm;MunfY&SK&rnf jzpfayonf/
(p) Trachea
avjyGef (Trachea) ESifYywfowfí MunfY&SK&mwGif 4if;onf

tqkwfESpfckMum; tv,fA[dkwnfYwnfYwGif &SdaeoifYayonf/ tqkwf
ESpfckMum;ae&m (Mediastinum) wGif;&Sd a&m*gwpfckckaMumifYaomf vnf; aumif;?
tqkwftwGif;&Sd a&m*gwpfckckaMumifYaomfvnf;aumif; avjyGef onf
wpfzufzufodkY a&GUaeEdkifaomaMumifY *&kjyKíMunfY&SK&rnfY tpdwf tydkif;vnf;
jzpfonf/
(q) Bonesandsofttissues
&ifbwf"mwfrSefwpfcktm;MunfY&SK&mwGif aemufqHk;taejzifY
ribs,scapular,verterbrae paom t&dk;rsm;udk t&dk;usdK;jcif;rsm;&Sdr&Sd? uifqmuJU odkY
jyif;xefa&m*gqdk;rsm;\ aemufqufwGJa&m*gysHUESHUrI (Metastasis) rsm;&Sdr&Sdudk
t"duxm;MunfY&SK&rnf jzpfonf/ xdkYjyif jrif&aom softtissueshadows
rsm;udkvnf; yHkrSeftajctae[kwfr[kwf aocsmpGm ppfaq;&ayrnf/
vQd KU0S uf
vQd KU0S uf
91
yH(k 1) yHkrSef&ifbwf"mwfrSefwpfcsyfwGif MunfYjrif&rnfY tpdwftydkif;rsm;jyyHk/

1/ lungfield 2/ lefthilum 3/ righthilum
4/ mediastinum 5/ rightdiaphragm 6/ leftdiaphragm
7/ costophrenicangles 8/ trachea
vQd KU0S uf
vQd KU0S uf
92
yHk (2)&ifbwf"mwfrSefwpfcsyf\ tpdwftydkif;rsm;udkjyoaomyHkMurf;/

jzpfyGm;rItrsm;qHk;a&m*grsm;
atmufaz:jyyga&m*grsm;rSm jzpfyGm;rIEIef;trsm;qHk;jzpfaomaMumifY Xrayfinding rsm;udk
tMurf;zsif;od&Sdxm;&efvdktyfayonf/
(1) wDbDa &m*g (Tuberculosis)
wDbDa&m*gonf rjzpfraeawGY&Sd&rnfY a&m*gwpfckjzpfonf/

wDbDa&m*gudk t"dutm;jzifY a&m*gtapmydkif;umvrsm;wGif tqkwf\
tay:qHk;ydkif;ESpfzufwGif Infectivechanges rsm;taeESifY trsm;qHk;
awGY&Sd&wwfonf/ a&m*gydkrdk jyefYyGm;vmaomtcg infectivechangesrsm;
tqkwfwpfckvHk; ae&mtEHSYjzpfyGm;EdkifjyD; tqkwfwGif;vdIufpm;em
(Cavityformation) rsm;? Mediastinum ESifY hilarregion&Sdjyef&nfaMumusdwf
(lymphnode) rsm;MuD;xGm;jcif; ponfY tajctaersm;ygjzpfyGm;Edkifonf/ xdkYjyif
a&m*gaemufqufwGJ tajctaersm;jzpfonfY tqkwfajr§;yg;Mum; a&0ifrI
tajctae (Pleuraleffusion) ? tqkwfavjyGef yHkrSefr[kwf us,fvmjcif;
(Bronchiectasis)? tqkwfajr§;yg;Mum;av0ifjcif; (Pneumothorax) ponf wdkYudkyg
awGUjrifEdkifayonf/
vQd KU0S uf
vQd KU0S uf
93
(2) tqkwfajr§;yg;wGif; a&0ifjcif; (Pleuraleffusion)
yHkrSef axmifYusOf;tajctae&Sdaom Costophrenicangles rsm;onf

tqkwfwGif;a&0ifaom tajctaewGif axmifYusOf;aysmufum atmufajc
tem;owfonf tay:odkUcGuf0if (upwardconcavity) oGm;avY&Sdonf/
a&0ifrIrsm;jym;aom tajctaewGif mediastinum ESifY trachea wdkY
qefYusifbufodkY a&GUoGm;jcif;udk vnf; awGYjrifEdkifonf/
(3) tqkwfajr§;yg;wGif; av0ifjcif; (Pneumothorax)
tqkwfajr§;yg;wGif; av0ifjcif;tajctaeonf MunfY&SK&ef tenf; i,f

cufcJaomfvnf; tu,fí owdrrlrdí rjrifvdkufygu vlem\
touftEÅ&m,fudkqkd;0g;pGmxdcdkufEdkifaomaMumifY txl;*&kjyKoifYvSayonf/
Pneumothorax wGif yHkrSeftajctaeü rjrif&aom tqkwf\ tem;owf
rsOf;udk xif&Sm;pGm awGUjrif &onf/ xdkYjyif av0ifrIyrmPrsm;jym;ygu
pleuraleffusion uJYodkYyif mediastinum ESifY tracheawdkY qefYusifbufodkY
a&GUoGm;jcif;udkvnf; awGYjrif&rnf jzpfonf/
(4) GasUnderDiaphragm(GUD)
GUD udk rwfwyf&dkufaom &ifbwf"mwfrSef (erectCXR) ESifY 0rf;Adkuf

ydkif;"mwfrSef (PlainXrayabdomen) rsm;wGif jrifEdkifonf/ Diaphragm txl;ojzifY
nmzufdiaphragm \ atmufbufwGif freegas ukd trnf;
a&mifvjcrf;auG;yHko@meftaejzifY awGYjrif&avY&dSonf/ tpmtdrfESifY tl
vrf;aMumif;aygufrI (perforation)rsm;? tlvrf;aMumif; ydwfqdkYrIrsm;
(intestionalobstruction) ponfYtajctaersm;wGif GUD udkjrif&wwf onf/
Perforation uJYodkYaom case rsm;wGif GUD awGY&ygu ta&;ay:cJJGpdwf
ukorIjyKvkyf&ef vdktyfaomaMumifY rSm;,Gif;íinterpretation rjyKvkyfrd&ef
rsm;pGmta&;MuD;ayonf/
vQd KU0S uf
vQd KU0S uf
94
yHk (2)freegas(GUD) udk diaphragmaticoutline ESpfckpvHk;\ atmufzufwGif awGY&Sd& onf/

b,fbufrSm nmbufavmuf rxif&Sm;aomfvnf; b,fbuf diaphragmaticoutline ESifY
bowelshadow wdkYMum;wGifMwd*HyHko@mef freegas(jr§m;jzifYjyoxm;onf) udk
taotcsmMunfYvQif jrifEdkifonf/
vQd KU0S uf
vQd KU0S uf
95
0rf;Adkufydkif; "mwfrSef (PlainXrayabdomen)
yHkrSef 0rf;Adkufydkif;"mwfrSefwpfcsyfudk MunfY&SKrnfqdkyguatmufygwdkYudk MunfY&SK&rnf

jzpfonf/
yH(k 3) rwfwwf0rf;Adkufydkif; "mwfrSefwpfcsyfudk azmfjyygtwdkif; MunfYjrif&rnf/
vQd KU0S uf
vQd KU0S uf
96
yH(k 4)vJavsmif;0rf;Akduf"mwfrSefwGif jrif&rnhf ukd,ft*Fgtpdwftykdif;rsm;jyykHMurf;/

0rf;Adkufydkif;"mwfrSefwGif tlydwfqdkYjcif; (intestionalobstruction)?
ausmufuyf?
qD;vrf;aMumif;ESifY onf;ajctdwfausmufwnfjcif;
(renalanduretericstone,Gallstone)pancreaticcalcification paom tajctaersm;udk
od&SdMunfYjrifwwf&ef vdktyfonf/
(1 ) tlvrf;aMumif;ydwfqdkYj cif; (Intestinalobstruction)
Intestinalobstruction [kqdk&mü yxrOD;pGm tlodr(f smallintestine) ESifY

tlrMuD; (largeintestine) wdkYudk 0rf;Adkuf"mwfrSefwGif cGJjcm;od&Sd&ef vdktyfonf/
tlodrfonf 0rf;Adkuf\ tv,fA[dkcefYwGif wnf&SdaejyD; a&ESifY
avrsm;txJwGifyg0ifaeavY&Sdonf/ 4if;\ yHkpHrSm atmufygtwdkif;jzpfonf/
vQd KU0S uf
vQd KU0S uf
97
yHk (5)tlodrfrsm;udk txufygykHtwkdif; awGUjrif&rnf jzpfonf/

tlrMuD;udk rsm;aomtm;jzifY 0rf;Adkuf\ ab;ESpfzuftpGefae&mwGif
awGY&avY&SdjyD; txJwGif avESifY tpma[mif;rsm; yg0ifaeavY&Sdonf/
tlrMuD;udk 0rf;Adkuf"mwfrSefwGif atmufazmfjyyg yHko@mefjzifY awGY&rnf
jzpfonf/
vQd KU0S uf
vQd KU0S uf
98
yHk (6) tlrBuD;tykdif;ukd azmfjyygtwkdif; awGUjrif&rnfjzpfonf/

tlodrfydkif;ydwf&aom t"dutaMumif;jcif;&mrSm cGJpdwfjyD; aemuf
qufwGJ tluyfjcif; (postoperativeadhesions) aMumifY jzpfonf/ tjcm;
taMumif;rsm;rSm
internalstrangulationofbowel,externalhernia,lymphoma,Chron’sdisease,gallstoneile
us ponfwdkYjzpfMuonf/ tlodrfydkif;ydwfjcif;udk vJavsmif;0rf;Adkuf"mwfrSef
(supineAPfilm) wGif avrsm;jzifY azmif;um;aeaom tlodrfrsm;udk awGY&jcif;jzifY
od&SdEdkifayrnf/ rwfwwf0rf;Adkuf"mwfrSef (ErectAPfilm) wGifrl
avrsm;jzifYazmif;um; aeaom tlodrfrsm;udkomru twGif;ydkfif;
a&&Sdtajctae (fluidlevel) rsm;udkyg awGYjrifEdkifrnf jzpfayonf/
tlrMuD;ydwf&aom taMumif;t&mrsm;rSm tlrMuD;uifqma&m*g?
diverticulardisease,volvulus,inflammatoryboweldisease,metastasis,lymphoma,pelvic
mass ponfwdkYjzpfMuonf/ vJavsmif;0rf;Adkuf"mwfrSef wGif
avrsm;ESifYjynfYwif;aeaom tlrMuD;tpdwftydkif;rsm;onf ig;pifwD rDwm
xufydkí azmif;aeaomtcg tlrMuD;ydwfaom tajctaetjzpf
owfrSwfonf/ xdkYtjyif caecum [kac:aom tlrMuD;tpdwftydkif; xif&Sm;pGm
azmif;um;aejcif;? tlrsm;tm;vHk; 0rf;Adkufab; tpGefydkif;ae&m rsm;odkY
vQd KU0S uf
vQd KU0S uf
99
a&GUaejcif;? descendingcolon [kac:aom tlrMuD;tydkif; atmufodkY

edrfYusaejcif;? ponfYvu©Pmrsm;udkvnf; awGYjrifEdkifonf/ fluidlevel rsm; udkrl
rwfwwf"mwfrSefwGifrS jrifawGUEdkifrnfjzpfonf/
(2) ausmufuyf? qD;vrf;aMumif;ESifY onf;ajctdwf ausmufwnfj cif;

(renalanduretericstone,Gallstone)
ausmufuyf? qD;vrf;aMumif;ESifY onf;ajctdwfwdkYwGif ausmuf&Sdae

ygu tu,fíwnfaeaomausmufonf (radioopaque) jzpfygu 0rf;Adkuf
"mwfrSefwGif jrifEdkifonf/ odkY&mwGif tleH&HESifY tlrsm;twGif;&Sd avrsm;onf
ausmufrsm;udk rjrifomatmif taESmifYt,Sufay;wwfonf/ xdkYaMumifY
ausmufuyf (kidney) qD;vrf;aMumif;(ureter) ESifY qD;tdwf (urinarybladder)
wGif;&Sd ausmufrsm;udkjrifvdkonfYtcg 0rf;pifatmif (bowelpreparation)
jyKvkyfjyD;rS 0rf;Adkuf"mwfrSef&dkuf&onf/ þuJYodkY &dkufaom 0rf;Adkuf"mwfrSefudk
KUBXray [kac:onf/
onf;ajctdwfwGif;wGif wnfaeaomausmufrsm;onf nmzuf

ausmufuyfwGif &Sdaomausmufrsm;ESifY cGJjcm;&cufavY&Sdonf/ tvG,ful
qHk;ajz&Sif;enf;rSm ab;wdkuf"mwfrSe(f lateralview) xyf&dkufMunfY&ef jzpf
avonf/ onf;ajctdwfonf cg;&dk;qpf\ a&SUwGifwnf&SdaomaMumifY
onf;ajcausmufudk ab;wdkuf"mwfrSefwGif cg;&dk;qpfa&SUydkif;wGif awGYjrif
&ayrnf/ ausmufuyfwGif;wnf&Sdaom ausmufrsm;rSmrl cg;&dk;qpf\
aemufbufwGif rvGJraoGawGYjrif&rnf jzpfayonf/
(3) Pancreaticcalcification
umv&Snf yefc&d,a,mif,rf;jcif;a&m*g (Chronicpancreatitis)

cHpm;ae&aomvlemrsm;wGif pancreaticcalcification udk awGYjrifEdkifayrnf/
tqdkyg pancreaticcalcification rsm;udk yefc&d,wnf&Sd&mae&mjzpfaom
trSwf(1) cg;&dk;qpf (L1vertebra) \a&SUwGif cg;&dk;qpfrsm;udk uefYvefYjzwfí
awGYjrifEdkifonf/ ta&;MuD;onfY tcsufwpfcsufrSm chronicpancreatitis
vlemwdkif;wGif pancreaticcalcification rsm;udk usdef;aoawGYjrif&vdrfYrnf[k
rrSwf,loifYay/
vQd KU0S uf
vQd KU0S uf
100
OD;acgif;cGH"mwfrSef (skullXray)
OD;acgif;cHG"mwfrSefwGif view rsm;pGm&Sdaomfvnf; t"dutm;jzifY a&SUaemuftae txm;

(APview)ESifY ab;wdkuftaetxm; (lateralview)ESpfckudk od&Sd&efvdktyfonf/
OD;acgif;cGH"mwfrSefwGif tMurf;zsif;tm;jzifY intracranialcalcifications,pituitaryfossa,skullfracture
ponfrsm;udk od&Sdxm;&rnf jzpfonf/
(1) Intracranialcalcifications
Intracranialcalcification rsm;wGif yHkrSef (physiologicalcalcification) ESifY

yHkrSefr[kwf (abnormalcalcification) [lí ESpfrsdK;ESpfpm;cGJjcm;Edkifonf/ yHkrSef
calcification rsm;wGif pinealgland,choroidplexuses,dura,vascular txll;ojzifY
carotidarteries,basalganglia rsm;wGif jzpfyGm;avY&Sdaom calcification
rsm;yg0ifonf/ yHkrSefr[kwfaom calcification rsm;wGif
Craniopharyngioma,meningioma,glioma paom tvHk;tusdwfrsm;?
arteriovenousmalformation,aneurysm ponfwdkYwGif jzpfavY&Sdaom calcification
rsm;yg0ifonf/
(2) Pituitaryfossa
yHkrSeftm;jzifY pituitaryfossa onf tvsm; 9-16 rDvDrDwm? teH 9-

19rDvDrDwm? tjrifY 6.5-11rDvDrDwm &Sdonf/ Lateralview wGif
Trabeculumsellae rS rsOf;wpfaMumif;qGJMunfYygu xdkrsOf;onf pituitaryfossa
udkjzwfjyD; taemufbuf&Sd dorsumsellae ESifYwpfqufwnf; jzpf&rnf jzpfonf/
tqdkyg pituitaryfossa\ tajconf yHkrSefr[kwf usdK;yJYjcif; (erosion)
udkawGYjrif&ygu 4if;onf OD;acgif;wGif;ydkif;zdtm;jrifYwufjcif;
(raisedintracranialpressure)aMumifY trsm;qHk;jzpfwwfavonf/
vQd KU0S uf
vQd KU0S uf
101
yHk (7)SkullXray(APview) wGif MunfYjrif&rnYf tpdwftydkif;rsm;jy yHkMurf;/
vQd KU0S uf
vQd KU0S uf
102
yH(k 8)SkullXray(lateralview) wGif awGYjrif&rnfY tpdwftydkif;rsm;jy yHkMurf;/

(3) OD;acgif;cHG&dk;rsm; usdK ;yJYj cif; (skullfractures)
Skullfracture rsm;udk t"dutm;jzifY 3 rsdK;cGJjcm;Edkifonf/ tajzmifY

wdkif;usdK;jcif; (linearfracture)? csdKifY0ifusdK;jcif; (depressedfracture)?
jzmxGufusdK;jcif;(stellatefracture) wdkYjzpfonf/ Linearfracture rSm
trsm;qHk;awGY&onfY fracture trsdK;tpm;jzpfonf/ Depressedfracture rSm
twGif;odkYcsdKifY0ifjyD; usdK;jcif;jzpf&m jyif;xefvQif twGif;OD;aESmufom;udk
xdcdkufEdkifaom yGifYxGuf'Pf&m (openwound) xdjzpfEdkifonf/ Stellatefracture
rsm;rSmrl odomaomaMumifY rsm;aomtm;jzifY awGYjrif&ef vG,ful avY&SdjyD;
&Hzef&Hcg depressedfracture ESifY twlwGJvsuf awGY&avY&Sdonf/
OD;acgif;cGH"mwfrSefwGif fracture rsm;ESifYrSm;Edkifaom t&mrsm;rSm
aoG;aMumrsm; (Vascularmarkings) ESifY acgif;cGHt&dk;qufrsm;(sutures) wkdY
vQd KU0S uf
vQd KU0S uf
103
jzpfMuonf/ odkYjzpf&m ¤if;wdkY\ 0daoovu©Pm&yfrsm;udk od&Sdxm;&ef

vdktyfonf/
a&S;OD;pGm fracture rsm;udk &Sif;vif;wifjyrnfjzpfonf/ Fracture rsm;onf
"mwfrSefzvifwGif trnf;a&mifrsOf;ajzmifYrsm; toGifjrif& avY&Sd onf/
OD;acgif;cGH\ twGif;tem;(innertable)a&m tjyiftem;(outertable) udkyg
jzwfausmfaeonfudk awGYjrifEdkifonf/ tajzmifYrsOf;rsm; jzpfaomfvnf;
tqdkygrsOf;rsm;\ OD;wnf&monf &kwfcsnf;yif tjcm;OD;wnf&mwpfckodkY
ajymif;oGm;jcif;rsdK;udkvnf; awGYjrifEdkifonf/ t&dk;usdK;rsOf; (fractureline) onf
tem;owfrsm; aumif;pGmjrif&onf/ t&dk;usdK;rsOf; tzsm;&SL;oGm;jcif;udk
vHk;0rawGYjrifEdkifay/ xdkYjyif t&dk;usdK;rsOf; ae&monf acgif;cGHt&dk;qufrsm;udk
jzwfausmfvsufvnf; awGY&SdEdkifonf/
acgif;cGHt&dk;qufrsm; (sutures) onf "mwfrSefzvifwGif rsm;aom
tm;jzifY wGefYacgufaeaom rsOf;aMumif;rsm;toGifjzifY awGYjrif&avY&Sdonf/
4if;wdkY\ tem;owfrsm;onf tenf;i,f ydkíjzLaewwfonf/ rsm;aomtm;
jzifY sutureline rsm;onf 4if;wdkY&SdjrJae&mrsm;(anatomicalsites)wGifom &SdwwfjyD;
b,fESifYnm wpfzufESifYwpfzuf nDrQpGmwnf&SdaeEdkifonf/
aoG;aMumrsm; (Vascularmarkings) onf fractureline ESifY,SOfvQif
trnf;a&miftenf;i,fazsmUjyD; OD;acgif;cGH\ twGif;tem;xJwGif &Sdaernf
jzpfonf/ 4if;wdkY\ tem;owfrsOf;rsm;rSmvnf; aumif;pGmrjrifEdkifay/
OD;acgif;cGH\ ab;tpyfodkYa&mufvmavav ydkítzsm;&SL;oGm;avav
jzpfonfudk awGY&rnf/ xdkYjyif aoG;aMumrsm;\ yifudkyHkpHjzpfaom tudkif;
tcufrsm; cGJjzmoGm;aomyHkp(H branchingpattern)udkvnf; awGUjrifEdkifonf/
ajcvuft&dk;rsm;usdK ;jcif;ESifY t&dk;"mwfrSefrsm;zwf&SKjcif;
(1) t&dk;usdK ;jcif;\ "mwfrSefqdkif&mt"dyÜg,f
"mwfrSefynm&yfwGift&dk;usdK;jcif;udk atmufygtwdkif; t"dygÜ ,f
zGifYqdkonf/ wpfqufwpfpyfwnf; jrif&onfY t&dk;\ tem;owfonf usdK;yJYí
wpfqufwpfpyfwnf;r&SdawmYonfY tajctaeudk t&dk;usdK;jcif;[k ac:onf/
t&dk;usdK;jcif;udk "mwfrSefzvifwGif Corticalbreak&Sdr&Sdudk aoaocsmcsm
&SmazGMunfY&SK&rnf/ 4if;t&dk;usdK;jcif;onf jyD;jynfYpHkpGm (complete)
usdK;jcif;&SdEdkifovdk rjynfYrpHkusdK;jcif; (incomplete) vnf; &SdEdkif ayonf/
vQd KU0S uf
vQd KU0S uf
104
(2) t&dk;usdK ;jcif; trsdK ;tpm;rsm;

t&dk;usdK;jcif;trsdK;tpm;rsm;teuf yxrwpfrsdK;udk tyGifYusdK;jcif;
(openfracture)ESifY tydwfusdK;jcif;(closedfracture)[lí ESpfrsdK;cGJjcm; xm;onf/
usdK;oGm;aomt&dk;\ tydkif;tponf tay:,Hta&jym;udk azmuf í tjyifodkY
xdk;xGufvmaom tajctaeudk tyGifYusdK;jcif;[k ac:qdkonf/ tyGifYusdK;jcif;\
tjcm;vu©Pmrsm;rSm "mwfrSefzvifwGif usdK;oGm;aom t&dk;\
tcsdKUtpdwftydkif;rsm;udk rjrif&jcif;? usdK;oGm;aom t&dk;rsufESmjyifESifY
wpfqufwnf;wGif tom;wpfoQL;rsm; rnDrnm jywfawmufaejcif;? tay:
,Hta&jym;atmufwGif yHkrSefr[kwfbJ avckdaejcif;ESifY jyifyt&m0wÅKrsm;udk
t&dk;usdK;aeonfY ae&mwGif awGY&jcif; ponfwdkY jzpfonf/ tydwfusdK;jcif;
qdkonfrSmrl usdK;oGm;aomt&dk;onf tay:,HHta&jym;udk aygufjyJapjcif;
r&SdbJ twGif;üom wnf&Sdaeaom tajctaeudk ac:qdkjcif;jzpfonf/
yHk (9) tyGifYusdK;jcif;udk azmfjyaom"mwfrSefyHk/ yHkwGif ajcovHk;&dk;rsm;jzpfaom

tibia ESifY fibula wdkYusdK;jyD; ydkíMuD;aom t&dk;jzpfonfY tibia onf yHk\ txuf
em;wGif tay:,Hta&jym;udk azmufxGufaeonfudk xif&Sm;pGmjrif&onf/
vQd KU0S uf
vQd KU0S uf
105
usdK;oGm;aom t&dk;\ t&dk;usdK;rsOf;ay:rlwnfívnf; t&dk;usdK;jcif;

trsdK;tpm;udk cGJjcm;Edkifonf/ t&dk;usdK;rIyHkpHonf t"dutm;jzifY oHk;rsdK; &Sdonf/
4if;wdkYrSm uefYvefYjzwfusdK;jcif;(transversefracture)? apGapmif;í
usdK;jcif;(obliquefracture) ESifY wpfywfvnfíusdK;jcif;(spiralfracture)
wdkYjzpfMuonf/ wpfcgwpf&HwGifrl 4if;t&dk;usdK;jcif;rsm;udk yHkpHwpfckwnf;
r[kwfbJ wpfckru aygif;pyfyHkpHjzifYvnf; awGY&Sd&Edkifonf/
txufwGif azmfjycJYonfYtwdkif;yif jyD;jynfYpHkpGm t&dk;usdK;jcif;ESifY
rjynfYrpHkt&dk;usdK;jcif; [lívnf; t&dk;usdK;jcif;udk trsdK;tpm;ESpfrsdK; cGJjcm;
Edkifao;onf/ rjynfYrpHkt&dk;usdK;jcif;onf uav;oli,frsm;wGif trsm;qHk;
jzpfyGm;avY&Sdonf/
(3) t&dk;usdK ;jcif;\ aemufqufwGJtusdK ;qufrsm;
omrefrjyif;xefaom t&dk;usdK;jcif;wGif usdK;oGm;aomt&dk;onf tvG,f wul
jyefvnfí qufoGm;Edkifonf/ odkY&mwGif jyif;xefaom tyGifYt&dk;usdK;jcif;rsm; wGifrl
t&dk;usdK;jcif;\ aemufqufwGJqdk;usdK;rsm;yg cHpm;&Edkifonf/
aemufqufwGJqdk;usdK;rsm;teuf yxrqHk;wpfrsdK;rSm t&dk;quf&ef omref
xufydkí MuefYMumjcif;(delayedunion) jzpfonf/ Delayeduniononf usdK;oGm; aom
t&dk;udk ausmufywfwD;rpnf;aESmifjcif;? ausmufywfwD;pnf;aomf vnf; rrSefuefí
usdK;aeonfYt&dk;udk wnfjidrfatmif rxdrf;Edkifjcif;? touft&G,fMuD; aomvlemrsm;?
Adkufwmrif pDESifY'D csdKUwJYaomvlemrsm;? a&m*gydk;0ifjcif;? uifqmuJYodkY aom
jyif;xefa&m*gtcH&Sdjcif; ponfY tajctae rsm;wGif awGY&Sd&avY&Sdonf/
'kwd,trsdK;tpm;rSm t&dk;qufyHkqufenf; rrSefuefjcif;jzpfonf/ xdkodkY
qufyHkqufenf; rrSefuefjcif;aMumifY t&dk;\ tvsm;t&Snf yHkrSefxufydkí wdk0if
oGm;jcif;? usdK;aomt&dk;\ tzsm;ydkif;onf t&if;ydkif;ESifY wpfajzmifYwnf;r[kwf
&GJUapmif;oGm;jcif;rsm;udk awGYjrifEdkifonf/
wwd,trsdK;tpm;rSm t&dk; vHk;0jyefrqufawmYjcif; jzpfonf/ þuJYodkYaom
tajctaeudk "mwfrSefzvifwGif t&dk;usdK;rsOf; raysmufoGm;bJ tem;owfrsm;
jzLazG;aejyD; qufvufívnf; awGYjrifae&jcif;? teD;wpf0dkufae&mrsm;wGifvnf;
odompGm jzLazG;aejcif;(markedsurroundingsclerosis) ponfwdkYudk jrifawGY Edkif onf/
t&dk;vHk;0jyefrquf&aomtaMumif;&if;rsm;rSm tvGefjyif;xefpGm xdckduf
'Pf&m&&Sdjcif;? ul;pufa&m*gydk; 0ifjcif;? ausmufywfwD;pnf;&mwGif rSefuefrIr&Sdí
usdK;aeonfYt&dk;udk wnfjidrfatmif rxdrf;Edkifjcif;? uifqmuJYodkYaom jyif;xef a&m*g
tcH&Sdjcif; ponfYtajctaersm;wGif awGY&Sd&avY&Sdonf/
vQd KU0S uf
vQd KU0S uf
106
ed*Hk;
"mwfrSefynm&yfonf tvGefus,fjyefYonfY bmom&yfwpfckjzpfonfYtm;avQmfpGm
txufwGifazmfjycJYonfY "mwfrSefynm&yfqdkif&m odrSwfzG,f&mrQwdkYavmufjzifY rnfodkYrS
jynfYpHkvHkavmufrI r&SdEdkifyg/ ,cka&;om;cJYorQrSmvnf; "mwfrSefq&m0efMuD;rsm; ESifY
ypönf;ud&d,mpHkvifaom aq;&HkMuD;rsm; r&SdonfY a0;vHonfY t&yfa'orsm;wGif
wm0efxrf;aqmifaeaom usef;rma&;0efxrf;rsm; zwf&SKavYvmEdkif&ef &nf&G,fíom
pkpnf;jyKpkcJYjcif; jzpfygonf/ ydkrdkí od&SdavYvmvdkygu DavidA.Lisle a&;om;aom
Imagingforstudents(secondedition) udk pmtkyf odkYr[kwf tifwmeufrSwqifY avYvmEdkifygonf/
vQd KU0S uf
vQKdU0Suf
tcef; (2)
pdwfusef;rma&; jyKpka pmifha &Smufjcif;
ed'gef;
pdwfusef;rma&;\oabmobm0
jyif;xefaompdwfa&m*grsm;
pdwfazmufjyefaoma&m*g
pdwfusa&m*g
EsL½dk;qpfa&m*gvu©Pmrsm;
ÓPf&nfedrfhuav;rsm;\ a&m*gqdkif&mtcsuftvufrsm;
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ta&;ay:pdwfa&m*g
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awGU&Sd&onf/ xdkrsm;jym;aom pdwfa&m*gonftrsm;pkrSm vdktyfaomaq;0g;ukorIrsm; r&&Sd&jcif;rSm
atmufygtaMumif; rsm;aMumifh jzpfygonf-
(u) pdwfydkif;qdkif&ma&m*grsm;udkpdwfa&m*g[krodbJtjcm;a&m*grsm;taejzifhuko aejcif;/
(c) pdwfydkif;qkdif&ma&m*grSef;odaomfvnf; vlodrcH0Hhjcif;? &Sufjcif;? aMumufjcif;? tESdrfcH
tuJh&JUcH? 0dkif;y,fcH&rSm aMumuf&GHUpdk;&drfjcif;/
(*) pdwfydkif;qkdif&ma&m*gonfrsm;udkukorIay;Ekdifonfhynm&Sifrsm;vHkavmufpGmr&Sdjcif;/
(C) pdwfa&m*grsm;udk 0#femuHem? a&S;b0uraumif;rIaMumifhjzpf&jcif;[k t,ltqvGJ
rSm;aejcif;/
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temwjcm;? aq;wjcm;? ya,m*jzifh ukorIcH,laeMujcif;rsm;aMumifh pdwfa&m*gonf
trsm;pkrSm acwfrD aq;ukorIudk rcH&bJ&SdaeMujcif;/
pdwfusef;rma&;\ oabmobm0
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&ifqdkifEdkifpGrf;&Sdjcif;? a,bk,stm;jzifh trsm;ESihf vdkufavsmnDaxG qufqHEdkifjcif;tjyif
udk,fydkifqHk;jzwfEdkifpGrf;&SdNyD; ay;tyfaom wm0efrsm;udk vufcHEdkifpGrf;&Sdjcif; wdkUESihf jynfhpHkaom
pdwftajctaersdK;udk qdkvdkonf/
3/ pdwfa&m*gESifhqufpyfaoma&m*grsm;taejzifh jyif;xefaompdwfa&m*grsm;? EsL½dk;qpfa&m*g?
OmPf&nf edrfhuav;rsm;? twufa&m*g? t&ufpGJa&m*g? rl;,pfaq;pGJa&m*gESifh
ta&;ay:pdwfa&m*grsm; tjyifudk,fcE¨ma&m*g vu©Pmrsm;tjzpfjzifhvnf;aumif;?
rl;,pfxHkxdkif;ab;jzpfapwwfaomaq;pGJjcif; jzifhvnf;aumif;? &mZ0wfrItaejzifhvnf;aumif;?
aoaMumif;BuHpnfjcif;jzifhvnf;aumif;? vkyfief;cGif rSrMumcPysufuGufjcif;jzifh vnf;aumif;?
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yif;xefaompdwfa &m*grsm;
4/ jyif;xefaompdwfa&m*grsm;rSm atmufygtwdkif;jzpfygonf-
(u) pdwfazmufjyefaoma&m*g/
(c) pdwuf sa&m*g/
(*) pdwf<ua&m*g/
5/ pdwfa zmufjyefaoma&m*gvu©P mrsm;/ atmufygtwdkif; jzpfygonf-
(u) wpfa,mufwnf;pum;ajymjcif;? NyHK;jcif;? &,fjcif;/
(c) omreftm;jzifh em;rvnfEdkifaom oHo,pdwfvGefuJjcif;/
(*) rlrrSefaomtjyKtrlrsm;&Sdaejcif;? ½kwfw&ufMurf;wrf;jcif;? a'gojzpfjcif;? wcgw&H
rvIyfr,Suf ausmuf½kyfuJhodkUaejcif;/
(C) olrsm;rMum;&aomtoHrsm;Mum;&jcif;? olrsm;rjrifaomt&mrsm;jrifjcif;? teHYr&SdbJ
eHjcif;? arT;jcif;? ypönf;r&SdbJt&omtawGUtxdcHpm;&jcif;/
(i) pum;ajymrrSefjcif;/
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(q) tawG;tac:ESifh rSm;,Gif;aom,HkMunfcsufrsm;&Sdjcif;/
(Z) aeYpOfvkyfief;aqmifwmrsm; rvkyfudkifEkdifawmhjcif;/
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6/ pdwfusa&m*g\a&m*gvu©P mrsm;/ atmufygtwdkif;jzpfygonf-
(u) pdwfaysmf&TifrIr&Sdjcif;/
(c) pdwftm;i,fí 0rf;enf;aejcif;/
(*) pdwfa&mudk,fygxdkif;rdIif;aES;auG;jcif;/
(C) npOf&ufquftdyfraysmfjcif;? eHeufapmapmEdk;jcif;/
(i) tpm;taomufysufí cE¨mudk,ftav;csdefusqif;jcif;/
(p) om,mrIrsm;qdwfokOf;aejcif;/
(q) t&m&mwkdif;udkpdwfyg0ifpm;rIr&Sdjcif;? tm½Hkpl;pdkufí r&jcif;/
(Z) yifyef;EGrf;e,fNyD; tm;r&SdouJhodkY cHpm;&jcif;/
(ps) rdrdudk,fudk tjypf&Sdonf[k ,HkrSm;jcif;? ,HkMunfrIr&Sdjcif;/
(n) aoaMumif;BuHpnf&ef pdwful;rsm;&Sdaejcif;/
7/ pdwfusa&m*g \ a&m*gvu©Pmrsm;/ atmufygtwdkif;jzpfygonf-
(u) pdwfa&mudk,fygtxl;wuf<uaejcif;/
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( p) tvStyjyifqifrIvGefuJjcif;/
(q) Murf;wrf;pGmjyKrlwwfjcif;/
( Z) ttdyfenf;jcif;/
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8/ txufazmfjyygjyif;xefaompdwfa&m*gvu©Pmrsm;awGU&Sdyguatmufygtwdkif;
aqmif&Guf&ef vdktyfygonf-
(u) eD;pyf&mwyfrawmfaq;½Hk? wyf&if;aq;cef;odkU jy&efpDpOfyg/
(c) vlemtm; paemufjcif;rjyKvkyf&ef/
(*) ñTefMum;xm;aomaq;rsm;udk rSefrSefaomufoHk;&ef/
(C) nifompGmqufqHyg/
(i) pdwfus? pdwf<ua&m*gonf aysmufuif;Edkifaoma&m*gjzpfonf/
EsL½dk;qpfa &m*gvu©Pmrsm;
9/ EsL½dk;qpfa &m*gvu©Pmrsm;/ ,if;a&m*gvu©Pmrsm;rSm atmufygtwdkif;jzpfygonf-
(u) ajczsm;vufzsm;at;jcif;? &ifwkefjcif;? Zufxdk;acgif;udkufjcif;? taMumwufjcif;/
(c) pdk;&drfpdwfvGefuJjcif;/
(*) yifyef;EGrf;e,fjcif;/
(C) qlnHoHrcHEdkifjcif;/
(i) tm½kHpl;pdkufrItm;enf;jcif;/
(p) rjzpfao;aomudprö sm;udk BudKwifawG;í aMumuf½GHUaejcif;/
(q) r[kwfrrSwfaom tawG;rsm;xyfwvJvJay:jcif;/
(Z) pkef;yl;? ewfyl;ouJhodkYjzpfjcif;/
(ps) tawG;rsm;í nOD;ydkif;tdyfraysmfjcif;/
(n) rdrdudk,fudk a&m*g&dSonf[k,lqí aq;½kHodkUrMumcPjyo&jcif;/
10/ txufygEsL½dk;qpfa&m*gonfrsm;awGU&Sdygu atmufygtwdkif; aqmif&Guf&ef vdktyfonf-
(u) vlem\tcuftcJudk pdwf&SnfpGm em;axmifjcif;jzifh vlemtm;oufomapEdkifonf/
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(c) vlem\ pdk;&drfpdwfrsm;rIaMumifhþodkU vu©Pmrsm;jzpfae&onfudk vlemtm; pdwf&SnfpGm
&Sif;jyay;yg/
(*) vlemonfpdwfudkavQmhxm;vQif udk,fa&mpdwfygawmifhwif;rIrS avQmhenf;oGm;
EdkifaMumif; ajymjyyg/
(C) vdktyfvQif 'dkif,mZDyifaq;jym;rsm;ay;vQif (5)rDvD*&rfudk (3)&ufxufydkray;ygESifh/
(i) 'dkqDyif(25)rDvD*&rfudknbufü(1)vkH;ay;Edkifonf/tdyfaysmfoGm;yguaq;jzwfEdkifonf/
(p) ,if;vu©Pmrsm;&dSoludk ykHrSefvkyfief;rsm;vkyfcdkif;yg/ rvdktyfbJtem;r,lygapESifh/
(q) bmoma&;enf;vrf;jzifhvnf; vlemtm;oufomapEdkifygonf/
OmPf&nfedrfhuav;rsm;\ a&m*gqdkif&mtcsuftvufrsm;
11/ OmPf&nfedrfhuav;rsm;\ a&m*gvu©P mrsm;/ atmufyg twdkif;jzpfygonf-
(u) omrefxufudk,fcE¨mESifhOmPf&nfzGHUNzdK;rIaES;auG;jcif;/ (Oyrm-
txdkiftxaemufusjcif;? vrf;avQmuf aemufusjcif;? pum;ajymaemufusjcif;/)
(c) pmrvdkufEdkifjcif;? pmoifMum;&efcufcJjcif;/
(*) rNidrfroufjzpfjcif;? tm½kHpl;pdkufrItm;enf;jcif;/
(C) tarQmftjrifenf;yg;jcif;/
(i) t&G,ftvdkuf vlrIqufqHa&;rsm;ü tcuftcJ&dSjcif;/
(p) rdrdudk,fudkrapmifha&SmufEdkifjcif;/
12/ txufazmfjyygOmPf&nfedrfhuav;rsm;awGU&dSuatmufygtwdkif;aqmif&Guf&ef vdktyfonf-
(u) aeYpOfvkyfief;aqmifwmrsm; vkyfudkifEdkif&ef avhusifhay;&rnfjzpfonf/
(c) rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&ef avhusifhay;&rnf/
(*) vlemudk avhusifh&m pdwf&Snf&rnf/
(C) ,if;wdkYtm; udk,fwdkiftpmpm;wwf&ef? a&csdK;wwf&ef? wpfudk,fa&oefY&Sif;a&;jyK
wwf&efESifh t0wf0wfwwf&efoifay;&rnf/
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zsm,ufjcif;? Budrfxdk;jcif;? upm;p&mvkyfjcif;? O,smOfvkyfjcif;? v,fvkyfjcif;?
vuform; vkyfjcif;? tdrfoefY&Sif;a&; vkyfjcif;?t0wfavQmfjcif;?
rD;zdkacsmifwGifulvkyfjcif;? ypönf;rsm;udk xkyfydk;ay;jcif;? o,faqmifay;jcif;ponfjzifh
a'oESifhvdkufavsm nDaxGaom?
ayghyg;aomvkyfief;rsm;onfuav;rsm;twGuftaumif;qkH; tvkyf zpfonf/
(p) bk&m;&dScdk;jcif;? oDcsif;qdkjcif;? ujcif;rsm;udkvnf; avhusifhay;Edkifygonf/
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13/ azmfjyygÓPf&nfedrfha&m*gjzpfjcif;rSumuG,f&efenf;vrf;rsm;rSmatmufygtwdkif;jzpfonf-
(u) udk,f0efaqmifrdcifudk aumif;pGmjyKpkapmifha&Smufjcif;/
(c) oifhwifhaomtm[m&rSD0Jjcif;/
(*) umuG,faq;xdk;jcif;/
(C) pepfwusarG;zGm;jcif;? uRrf;usifoljzifhom arG;zGm;jcif;/
(i) rdcifEdkYwdkufauR;jcif;/
(p) uav;i,ftm; pepfwusxdef;odrf;apmifha&Smufjcif;/
(q) uav;i,ftm; tm[m&ESifh Muifem,k,rIay;jcif;/
( Z) ul;pufa&m*grjzpfatmif umuG,fjcif;? xdcdkuf'Pf&mr&atmif owdxm;jcif;/
t&ufpJGa &m*gESifhpyfvsOf;onfh tcsuftvufrsm;
14/ t&ufpGJa&m*gqdkonfrSm odomxif&Sm;aom pdwfydkif;qdkif&mcsdKU,Gif; azmufjyefrIrsm;udk
aomfvnf;aumif;? odkYr[kwf ¤if;pdwfESifhudk,fcE¨musef;rma&;? aygif;oif;qufqHa&;? vlrIa&;?
pD;yGm;a&; ponfwdkUudk xdcdkufcsdKU,Gif;rIrsm; jzpfay:cHpm;&onfhwdkifatmif t&ufudkpGJvef;pGm tvGef
tuRH aomufoHk;jcif; odkYr[kwf csKUd,Gif;csufrsm; jzpfay:vmrnfh a&SUajy;vu©Pmrsm;udk cHpm;vm
&onftxd vGefrif;pGm t&ufudk aomufoHk;\/ xdkol\ tajctaeudk t&ufpGJa&m*g jzpfaeNyD[k
owfrSwfEdkif ygonf/
15/ t&ufpGJa&m*gjzpfyGm;aMumif;owfrSwfEdkif&efatmufygtcsufrsm;udk&SmazG&efvdktyfygonf-
(u) t&ufaomufoludk,fwdkif atmufygwdkUtm; awGUBuHKvm&ygonf-
(1) t&ufudk xdef;xdef;odrf;odrf; raomufEdkifawmhjcif;/
(2) t&ufonf qdk;usdK;rsm;ay;aMumif;odaomfvnf; rpGefUcGmEdkifawmhjcif;/
(3) omref ,cifaomufouJhodkY yHkpHrsdK; aomuf&efrjzpfEdkifawmhjcif;/
(c) owda rha vsmhjcif;/ t&ufaomufolonf ,refaeUnut&ufaomuf&if;ajymcJh? qdkcJh
vkyfudkifoGm;vmcJhonfrsm;udk aemufwpfaeUeHeufvif;aomtcg rrSwfrdbJ jzpfwwfNyD;
þodkYowdr&rIrsm;?tcgrsm;pGmjzpfvmjcif;? t&ufaomufonfh
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t&ufpGJrIrsm;jym; vmonfhvu©Pmrsm; yifjzpfonf/
(*) t&uftrl;vGefonfhvu©P mrsm;/ atmufyg twdkif;jzpfygonf-
(1) pdwf<uvmjcif;? &efvdkvmjcif;/
(2) t&SuftaMumuf? qifjcifwHkw&m;rsm; avsmhyg;vmjcif;/
(3) pum;rsm;vmjcif;? pum;rSm;vmjcif;/
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(4) vQmav; tmav; jzpfvmjcif;/
(5) pdwf tajymif;tvJjrefvmjcif;/
(C) t&ufj ywfvu©P mrsm;/ t&ufjywfolrsm;taejzifh txl;ojzifh eHeufEdk;vmcsdef
wGifatmufygwdkU jzpfwwfygonf-
(1) a&m*gEkpOfjzpfwwfa omvu©P mrsm;/ atmufygtwdkif;jzpfygonf-
(uu) ysdKUtefjcif;/
(cc) &ifwvSyfvSyfjzpfjcif;/
(**) acR;jyefjcif;
(CC) pdwf*PSmrNidrfjcif;/
(ii ) tenf;i,f vufwkefjcif;/
(2) t&ufpGJa &m*g&ifholrsm;\vu©P mrsm;/ atmufygtwdkif;jzpfygonf-
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(cc) *a,mifacsmufcsm;jzpfjcif;? tm½HkrSm;jrifjcif;? tm½HkrSm;Mum;jcif;/
(**) t&ufirf;zrf;jcif;/
(CC) t&ufjywfíwufjcif;/
16/ t&ufpGJj cif;aMumifha emufqufwGJjzpfvmrnfha&m*grsm;/ atmufygtwdkif;jzpfygonf-
(u) udk,fcE¨mydkif;qdkif&ma&m*grsm;/ atmufyga&m*grsm;jzpfay: vmEdkifygonf-
(1) tpmvrf;aMumif;qdkif&ma&m*grsm;/
(2) tonf;ESifhqufpyfaoma&m*grsm;/
(3) touf½SLvrf;aMumif;ESifh tqkwfa&m*grsm;/
(4) ESvHk;ESifhaoG;aMumqdkif&ma&m*grsm;/
(5) ADwmrifcsdKUwJhjcif;ESifh aoG;tm;enf;jcif;/
(6) t&ufaomufonfhrdcifaMumifh oaEöm;wGifxdcdkufjcif;/
(7) tjcm;aq;0g;rsm;ESifh "mwfrwnfhjcif;/
(8) <uufom;tm;enf;jcif;/
(c) OD;aESmufESifhpdwfydkif;qdkif&ma&m*grsm;/ atmufyga&m*grsm;jzpfay:vmEdkifygonf-
(1) OD;aESmufydkif;qdkif&ma&m*grsm;/
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(2) pdwfydkif;qdkif&ma&m*grsm;/
(3) vlrIa&;jyóemrsm;/
17/ t&ufpGJoltm; jyKpka pmifha &Smuf&efenf;vrf;rsm;/ atmufygtwdkif;jzpfygonf-
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(c) t&ufaMumifh vlrIa&;qkH;½IH;EdkifykHudkajymyg/
(*) t&ufaMumifh pD;yGm;a&;usqif;EdkifykHudkajymyg/
(C) t&ufaMumifh usef;rma&;xdcdkufEdkifykHudkajymyg
(i) vlemwGif txufygjyóemwpf&yf&yf(&dSrnfjzpfí)axmufjyyg/
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(2) tpmaMuvG,faom? aysmhajymif;aomtpmrsm;pm;cdkif;yg/
(3) ADwmrifbD0rf;ESifh tjcm;bDtkyfpkygaom tm;aq;rsm;aomufcdkif;yg/
(4) tpmtdrfatmifhjcif;? avcsOfwufjcif;&dSygu tpmtdrftcsOfcsufaq;
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onf/
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rnf/
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(*) ysif;&dNiD;aiGUaom ywf0ef;usif tajctae/
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(i) pdwfcHpm;rItwuftusjrefjcif;/
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(q) qkH;½HI;jcif;rsm;udk trSwf&cHpm;aejcif;/
(Z) rdom;pk jyóemwpfckckESifh &ifqdkif&jcif;/
(ps) tvkyfyifyef;EGrf;e,fjcif;/
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(X) pae? we*FaEGESifh ½kH;tm;&ufrsm;/
ta&;ay:pdwfa &m*g (Psychiatric Emergency)
19/ ta&;ay:pdwfa&m*gqdkonfrSm vlwpfa,mufwGifrarQmfvifhbJtawG;tac:rsm;?cHpm;rIrsm;?

tjyKtrlrsm;?yifudk,fobm0rSajymif;vJoGm;NyD;rdrdudk,faomfvnf;aumif;?olwpfyg;udkaomfvnf;aum
if; taESmuft,Sufjzpfjcif;? tEÅ&m,fjzpfapEdkifonhftwGuf ta&;ay:aq;ukorI
ay;&efvdktyfaeaom pdwfusef;rma&;csdKU,Gif;rIudkac:onf/ txl;ojzifh vlwpfa,mufonf
½kwfw&uf*PSmrNidrfjzpfNyD;? aqmufwnf&mr&bJ trsufa'gojyif;xefpGmxGufjcif;? &efvdkjcif;?
udk,fEIwftrlt&mMurf;wrf;jcif;? zsufqD;jcif;? rdrdudk,fudkaomfvnf;aumif;?
tjcm;olrsm;udkaomfvnf;aumif;? tEå&m,fjzpfaom pdwf usef;rma&;tajctaeudk ½kwfw&uf
pdwfazmufjyefjcif;(Acute Psychosis)[kac:onf/ ,if;ESifhpyfvsOf; onfh a&m*gtajctae
rsm;ESifhjyKpkukoenf;rsm;rSm atmufygtwdkif;jzpfygonf-
(u) ½kwfw&ufpdwfazmufj yefa pEkdifa omtcsuftvufrsm;/ ½kwfw&ufpdwfazmufjyef
apEkdifaomtajctaersm;ESifh jyKpkukoenf;rsm;rSm atmufygtwdkif;jzpfygonf-
(1) ½kwfw&ufpdwfazmufjyefEdkifaomtajctaersm;rSmatmufygtwdkif;
jzpfonf-
(uu) rl;,pfESifht&ufaq;vGefjcif;/
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(cc) cE¨mudk,fa&m*g?tzsm;a&m*gponfwdkYaMumifh*a,mif*wrf; jzpfjcif;? ief;zrf;jcif;?
(**) oHo,vGefuJaom pdwfa&m*g/
(CC) vHIUaqmfrJhtm½kHrsm;cHpm;&jcif;? wkefYjyefjcif;/
(ii) udk,f&nfudk,faoG;ESifh ÓPf&nfcsdKU,Gif;rIrsm;/
(2) ,if;a&m*gESifhpyfvsOf;í jyKpkukoenf;rsm;rSm atmufygtwdkif;jzpfygonf-
(uu) vlemtm; aq;ukorIcH,l&ef vdktyfaMumif;aqG;aEG;yg/
(cc) vlem\ ,kHMunfrI&,lNyD; MuifempGmqufqHyg/
(**) vlemtm; rxdwfvefYapoifhyg? 0dkif;tkHrMunhfoifhyg/
(CC) rdrdudk,fudkumuG,fyg/
(ii) vdktyfygurdrd&&xdef;csKyfNyD; vdktyfaomaq;ukorIrsm;udk
wNydKifeufay;yg/
(c) pdwfa zmufjyefaomvlemtm;xdef;csKyfonfhenf;vrf;rsm;/ atmufyg
twdkif;jzpfonf-
(1) tu,fí xdef;csKyfjcif;jyKvkyf&ef vdktyfygu vufarmif;rsm;ESifh
ajcaxmufrsm;udk vl(4)a,mufjzifh zrf;csKyfyg/
(2) vl(4)a,mufjzifhrjynhfygu apmifBuD;BuD;jzifhtkyfí xdef;csKyfEdkifonf/
(3) Nidrfoufatmif acwåudkifwG,fxm;jcif;jzpfaMumif; em;vnfatmif&Sif;vif;
ajymjyay;yg/
(4) vufeuftjzpf tokH;jyKEdkifaom ypönf;rsm;udkz,f&Sm;yg/
(5) oifonf usef;rma&;0efxrf;wpfOD;jzpfaMumif; ulnDvdkaMumif;&Sif;jyyg/
(6) vlempdwfazmufjyefjcif;taMumif;udk ar;jref;Munhfyg/
(7) ESpfodrfhtm;ay;yg/
(8) acsmharmhNyD; uvdky½dkrZif; aq;jym;rsm;udk 100 rDvD*&rfrS 200 rDvD*&rf
txd aomufcdkif;yg/
(9) uvdky½dkrZif; 50 rDvD*&rftom;aq;xdk;ay;Edkifonf/
(10) uvdky½dkrZif;aq;udk rSefrSefaomufygap/
(11) a&ESifhtpmrSefrSefay;yg/
(12) �'Pf&m&dSvQif aq;ukay;yg/
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(*) aoaMumif;BuHpnfj cif;(Suicide)/ rdrdudk,fudk aoaMumif;BuHpnfjcif;onf ta&;ay:
pdwfusef;rma&;csdKU,Gif;rIyifjzpfonf? rlrSefr[kwfaomNidrfoufjcif;? aES;auG;av;vH jcif;?
vIyf&Sm;rIuif;rJhjcif;? a&Smifz,fz,faejcif;? tm;i,fNyD;aovdkaomqE´rsm; xkwfazmfajymqdkjcif;
rsm;onf rdrdudk,frdrd aoaMumif;BuHpnf&ef tvm;tvmrsm;pGm &dSolrsm;jzpfMuygonf/
aoaMumif;BuHpnfvdkaMumif; ajymolrsm;udk vspfvsLjyK rxm;ygESifh? rawmfwq aoaMumif;BuHpnfrI
atmifjrifoGm;wwfonfudk owdjyKyg/
(1) aoaMumif;BuHpnfwwfolrsm;wGif&Sdonfhtajctaersm;rSm atmufyg
twdkif;jzpfygonf-
(uu) emwm&Snfa&m*gcHpm;ae&olrsm;/
(cc) pdwfusa&m*gcHpm;ae&olrsm;/
(**) vli,fESifhoufBuD;&G,ftdkrsm;/
(CC) tazmfrJhjcif;/
(ii) rl;,pfaq;ESifh t&ufpGJa&m*grsm;/
(pp) ,cifaoaMumif;BuHpnfcJhzl;olrsm;/
(qq) arQmfvifhcsufuif;rJhjcif;? qkH;½HI;jcif;/
(ZZ) pdwfzdpD;rIjyif;pGmcHpm;&jcif;/
(psps) udk,f&nfudk,faoG;csdKU,Gif;rIrsm;/
(2) jyKpkukoenf;rsm;rSm atmufygtwdkif;jzpfyg onf-
(uu) vlemudk wpfa,mufwnf;rxm;ygESifh/
(cc) vlemESifhtwl rdom;pkxJrS wpfa,mufa,muf tNrJ&dSygap/
(**) vlem\cHpm;csufudk rQa0ajymcdkif;yg/
(CC) a0zefrIrygbJ MuifemrIjzifhem;axmifyg/
(ii) tm;ay;ulnDyg arQmfvifhcsufrsm;udk azmfxkwfajymyg/
(pp) xda&mufaomtBuHay;vrf;ñTefjcif;ESifhpdwfusef;rma&;
apmifha&SmufrI &,l&ef BudK;pm;ay;yg/
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(C) ua,mifuwrf;jzpfj cif;(DeliriumCauses)/ ua,mifuwrf;jzpfapaomtaMumif;
t&mrsm;rSm atmufygtwdkif;jzpfNyD; tqdkyga&m*gcHpm;&olonftvGeftrif;wkefvIyf ajcmufjcm;NyD;
vwfwavmrSwfÓPfcsdKU,Gif;ítm½kHpl;pdkufrIrsm;r&&dSbJtawG;rsm;tjrif rsm;ESifhtm½kHcHpm;rI
trSm;rsm;udk &&dSNyD;xdwfvefYaMumuf&GHUajcmufjcm;aewwf onf-
(1) ua,mifuwrf;jzpfapaomtaMumif;t&mrsm;rSmatmufygtwdkif; jzpfonf-
(uu) cE¨mudk,fa&m*gtjyif;txefcHpm;&jcif;/
(cc) tjyif;zsm;jcif;/
(**) OD;aESmufa&mifiSufzsm;ESifh tjcm;a&m*grsm;/
(CC) OD;acgif;wGifxdcdkuf'Pf&m&&dSjcif;/
(ii) t&ufESifhrl;,pfaq;vGefuJjcif; odkYr[kwf aq;jzwfaom vu©Pm
rsm;/
(2) rwkefrvIyfa usmuf½kyfuJhodkY NidrfoufoGm;jcif;/ xdkolonf vIyf&Sm;rIr&dSyg?
pum;rajymyg? wkHUjyefrIr&dSyg? odkUaomf owdaumif;pGm&dSygonf/ owd
arhajrmoGm;jcif; r[kwfyg/ ¤if;wdkYudkvspfvsL½Ixm;vQif wpfudk,fa&oefY&Sif;
rIr&dSjcif;? tpma&pm r&&dSjcif;wdkYaMumifh touftEÅ&m,f xdcdkufEdkifygonf/
þodkYjzpfjcif;onf cE¨mudk,f a&m*gESifhaomfvnf;aumif;? pdwfa&m*gESifh
aomfvnf;aumif; oufqdkifygonf/
(3) jyKpkukoenf;rsm;rSmatmufygtwdkif; jzpfonf-
(uu) aumif;pGmjyKpkapmifha&Smufyg/
(cc) tpma&pmay;yg/
(**) cE¨mudk,fa&m*gvu©Pm&dS^r&dS ppfaq;yg/
(CC) oufqdkif&maq;½kHrsm;odkY tjrefqkH;ydkYaqmifyg/
(i) pdk;&drfpdwfj yif;xefvGefuJí *PSmrNidrfj zpfj cif; (Acute Panic States)/ pdk;&drfpdwf
jyif;xefvGefuJí *PSmrNidrfjzpfjcif;(Acute Panic States)ESifh pyfvsOf;onfhtajc taersm;ESifh
jyKpkenf;rsm;rSm atmufygtwdkif;jzpfygonf-
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(1) pdk;&drfpdwf jyif;xefvGefuJí *PSmrNidrfjzpfjcif; (Acute Panic States) ESifh pyfvsOf;í
xdkuJhodkYaomolrsm;onf vGefpGmrSpdk;&drfpdwf jyif;xefvGefuJaeNyD; cE¨mudk,fwGif
a&m*gwpfckckjyif;xefpGm cHpm;ae&onf[k,lqum ESvkH;wkefjcif;? &ifckefjcif;? ajczsm;vufzsm;
at;pufjcif;? aZmacR;jyefjcif;? touf&SLusyfjcif;? tmacgifajcmufjcif;?
vnfacsmif;wGifwpfckckwpfqdkYaejcif;? &ifbwfatmifhjcif;? rMumciftwGif;rSmyif
toufq;kH ½IH;awmhrnfh taetxm;udk&ifqdkifae&onf [kxifNyD;wkefvIyfacsmufcsm; *PSmrNidrf
aqmufwnf&mr& jzpfaewwfonf/
(2) azmfjyyga0'em&Sifrsm;tm; jyKpkenf;rsm;rSm atmufygtwdkif;jzpfyg onf-
(uu) vlemudk Nidrfoufatmif jyKvkyfyg/
( cc ) pdk;&drfpdwfrsm;avsmhenf;ap&ef 'kdif,mZDyif 10 rDvD*&rftom;aq;
wpfxdk;ay;Edkifygonf/ 'dkif,mZDyifaq;jym;rsm;udk 10 rDvD*&rf okH;&ufay;yg/
( ** ) pdwf&SnfpGmem;axmifyg/
(CC) cE¨mudk,fa&m*g cHpm;ae&onfrSm r[kwfaMumif; &Sif;jyyg/ rouf omygu
aq;½kHodkYydkYaqmifyg/
ed*Hk;
20/ pdwfusef;rma&;ESifhywfoufí wyfrawmf(Munf;? a&? av)&Sd t&m&Sd? ppfonftqifh
twef;tm;vHk;ESifh rSDcdkolrsm;tm; txufazmfjyyg tcsuftvufrsm;tay:rlwnfí todynmay;
a[majymjcif;? a&m*goHo,&Sdol rsm;tm; apmpD;pGmazmfxkwfí jyKpkapmifha&Smufukojcif;? aq;½HkodkY
aqmvsifpGm aq;ukorIcH,lapjcif;? a&m*g&Sdolrsm;tm; vlrIywf0ef;usifrS az;rulnDay;jcif;rsm;
ponfwdkYaqmif&GufoGm;Edkifygu pdwfusef;rma&; jr§ifhwifjcif;vkyfief;udk xda&mufatmifjrifrnfjzpfNyD;
pdwfESifhqufpyfaoma&m*grsm; twdkif;twmwpfcktxd avsmhenf;usqif;apEdkifrnf jzpfygonf/
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tcef ; (3)
Oya'a&;&maq;ynm
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tcef; (3)
Oya'a&;&maq;ynm
rdr dudk ,fu dk owf aorI ? vl owfr IE Si fh rawmfwqxdc d kuf aoqHk;rI
(Suicide, Homicide and Accident)
1/ þtcef;u@onf wyfrawmf&Sd q&m0efaq;rSL;rsm;ESifh (RMO) rsm;twGuf rdrdukd,fudk
owfaorI? vlowfrIESifh rawmfwqxdcdkufaoqHk;rIrsm;ESihfywfoufí od&SdoifhonfhA[kokwrsm;udk
od&Sdap&ef twGuf &nf&G,fía&;om;jcif;jzpfygonf/
2/ a&m*ga0'emaMumifh aoqHk;&jcif;r[kwfbJ tpdrf;ao (Violent death) aojcif;rsm;ESifh
aoyHkxl;qef;pGm&Sdjcif;? tavmif;wGifxl;qef;rIrsm;awGU&jcif;? rsufuG,f&mwGif aoqHk;aejcif;wdkY
ay:aygufvm ygu oufqdkifolwdkYtaejzihf owfaojcif;avm? towfcH&jcif;avm? rawmfwq
aoqHk;jcif;avm[lí rSefuefpGmqHk;jzwfay;&efvdktyfygonf/
3/ þodkYaom udpörsKd;rsm;udk trSeftwdkif;azmfxkwfEdkif&ef taMumif;&yfrsm;pGm &Sdaeay&m
xdkdtaMumif;&yfrsm;udk ydkifEdkifpGmqkwfudkifEdkifygrlum; aoqH;k &yHkudkwdusaocsmpGm
azmfxkwfEdkifrnfjzpf\/
4/ wpfcgwpf&H oufaojyKEdkifonfh taMumif;&yfESifh oJvGefprsm;onf wpfckcsif;taejzifh
owfaojcif;? towfcH&jcif;? rawmfwqxdcdkufaoqHk;&jcif; ponfwdkYudk oJuGJpGmazmfñTef;Edkifjcif;
r&Sdaomfvnf; ,if;taMumif;&yftm;vHk;udk NcHKiHkqifjcifjcif;tm;jzifh ao&yHk
tjzpftysuftaMumif;&if; (Manner of death)udk azmfxkwfEdkifMu\/ wpfcgwpf&Hrl
wpfckwnf;aomtaMumif;&yf\ tusKd;jyKcsufaMumifhyifvQif owfaojcif;? towfcH&jcif;ESifh
rawmfwqxdcdkufaoqHk;jcif;wdkYteuf wpfckckjzpfaMumif; rSefuefpGm azmfxkwfEdkifayonf/
5/ xdkYaMumifh tavmif;tm;&ifcGJppfaq;jcif;rSvGJí jyifyvu©Pm? &&Sdaom'Pf&mrsm;\
taetxm;tm; Munfh½Ippfaq;jcif;jzifh aoqHk;&onfhtaMumif;&if;tm; vufawGUcefYrSef;od&SdEdkif&ef
vdktyfygonf/
rdr dudk,fud kowf aorIE Si fh ygwfoufíod&Sd xm;&rnfhtcsufrsm;
6/ rdrdudk,fudkowfaoolrsm;onf rsm;aomtm;jzifh touff 16 ESpf? 18 ESpfcefY&Sd
qufausmfouft&G,f NrD;aumifaygufuav;rsm;ESifh (50)ausmft&G,frsm; jzpfMu\/ NrD;aumifayguf
t&G,frsm;rSmum; ynma&;? tcspfa&;ESifh vlwef;pm;jyóemwdkYtm; BuHhBuHhcH&yfwnf
EdkifpGrf;r&Sdjcif;aMumifhowfaojcif;jzpfwwfNyD; oufBuD;&G,f&ifhwef;rsm;rSmrlum; b0\0efxkyf
0efykd;rsm;? t&G,f&ifhcsdef\ aomu y&da'0rD;rsm;? tema&m*gzdpD;jcif;rsm;ESifhtjcm;aom
vlrSK'ku©taxGaxGwdkYaMumifh b0udk vufajr§muf½HSL;ay; oGm;Mujcif; jzpfayonf/
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7/ owfaorI[lonf aoavmufatmif pdwfxdcdkufaponfh tajccHtaMumif;&yf
wpfckckaMumifh jzpfay&m owfaorIwdkif;udk pl;pdkufpGmavhvmvQif atmufygtjcif;t&m wpf&yf&yfudk
rkcsawGU&rnfjzpf\/¤if;wdkYrSm pdwf½l;oGyfrI? emusifrIa0'em? jyif;xefaom emwm&Snfa&m*g?
pD;yGm;ysufjcif;? tcspfa0'em? tdrfaxmifa&; tqifrajyrI? zcifrJhudk,f0ef&Sdjcif;?
ywf0ef;usifavmuudk t&SufvGefjcif;? pmar;yGJusjcif; ponfwdkYyifjzpfacsonf/
8/ tcsKdUaomowfaorIrsm;um; ]]rawmfwqowfaojcif;}} jzpfwwfygonf/ Oyrm-
pmar;yGJusojzifh tBuD;tus,f pdwfnpfaMumif;jyvdkí tqdyfudkpm;MunfhpOf u,folray:bJ
aoqHk;&jcif;? u½kPmudkcH,l vdkojzifh owfaornfh(trlt&m)jyKpOfwGif rawmfwq aoqHk;oGm;jcif;
wdkYjzpf\/
9/ aornf[k qHk;jzwfcsufcsNyD;onfhaemuf0,f {uefrkcsaoapEdkifrnfh enf;(2 )?
enf;(3)enf; avmufrQudk tpDtpOfjyKxm;wwfMu\/ wpfenf;jzifhraoaomf tjcm;enf;wpfrsKd;jzifh
rdrdudk,fudk taoowfMuonfomjzpf&m tcsKdUaomolrsm;ü enf;(2)rsKd; (double suicide)
avmufjzifh owfao xm;onfhtjcif;t&mudkyif awGU&wwf\/ wpfcgwpf&H BudK;qGJcsaool\
0rf;AdkuftwGif;ü tqdyf? a&eHqD ponfwdkYudkawGUMu&\/
rdrdudk,fudkowfa orI (Suicide)
10/ 'Pf&m\wnfa e&m (Situation of the wound) / trsm;tm;jzifh rdrd\ vufvSrf;rD&m
vG,fulpGmxdrdEdkifonfh csufaumif;ae&mrsm; (easily accessable part of the body) udk
a&G;cs,f'PfjyK wwfMu\/ aoewfudk toHk;jyKvQif &iftHk? yg;pyf? em;xif wdkYudk ypfcwfwwfMu\/
½dkifz,fuJhodkY &Snfvsm;aom aoewfrsKd;udkoHk;vQifvnf; yg;pyfwGif;odkY ajymif;0iHkvsuf ajcrjzifh
armif;jzKwfavh &SdMu\/ xufjrufonfh vufeufjzifhvnfyif;udk vSD;vQifvnf; pvkwf\ txufydkif;ü
om vSD;jzwfavh &SdMuonf/ tcsKdUolrsm;um; vufaumuf0wf aoG;vTwfaMumudkjzwfvDS;NyD;
aoG;oGefapjcif;jzifh owfaoMu\/ cRefxufaom vufeufudk oHk;vQif ESvHk;om;wnf&Sd&m
&iftHkESifhuvDpmrsm; wnf&Sd&m0rf;AdkufwdkYudkxdk;avh &SdMuonf/ þodkYaom ae&mrsKd;rsm;um;
owfaoolrsm;'PfjyKavh&SdMuonfh ae&mrsm;jzpfMu\/ cE¨mudk,f\ ausmzufydkif; (txl;ojzifh
cg;v,fydkif;)ü 'Pf&m&í aoqHk;aeygrl owfaojcif;[lí,lqEdkif&efcJ,Of;vSayonf/
odkY&mwGiftcsKdUpdwful;qef;Mu,folrsm;taejzifh &Sm&SmBuHBuHowfaoMuavh&SdwwfBu&m 'Pf&m\
wnfae&monf xHk;pHtwdkif; r[kwfcJhyguowfaojcif;rjzpfEdkif[lí tvG,fwulrqHk;jzwfoifhacs/
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11/ 'Pf&mta&twGufESifh jyif;xefyHk (Number and extent of the wound)/ 'Pf&m
tajrmuftjrm;udk awGU&Sd&NyD; xdk'Pf&mwpfckcsif;taejzifhyif toufao&ef vHkavmufaevQif
(multiple fatal wounds) owfaojcif;r[kwf[lí,lq&ef &Sdayonf/ aoaponfhjywf&S'Pf&m
odkYr[kwf xdk;oGif;'Pf&mBuD; wpfckESifhwuG ¤if;\ywf0ef;usifteD;ü NcH&Hvsuf&Sdaom
'Pf&mi,ftrsm;tjym; (one fatal wound with surrounding wounds)udk awGU&Sd&ygrl
owfaojcif;[lí ,lq&ef&Sd\/ xdktNcHt&H 'Pf&mi,frsm;um; wGefYqkwf'Pf&m rsm; (hesitation
wounds) yifjzpfMu\/ wGefYqkwf'Pf&mrsm;udk &&SdyHkrSm 'Pf&mBuD;udk wpfcsufwnf;jzifh
rjyK0HhrDtprf;oabm? csDwHkcswHkjzifh vSD;jzwfckwfxpfMunfhjcif;aMumifh &&Sdonfh 'Pf&mrsm;jzpfayonf/
tavmif;uddk,fay:wGif pkwfNyJ'Pf&mrsm; (lacerated wounds)? yGef;'Pf&mrsm; (multiple
Abrasions) awGY&Sd&ygu rdrdudk,fudk owfaojcif;jzpfekdif&ef cJ,Of;ygonf/
12/ udk,fwdkifj yKvkyfa om'Pf&m/rdrdudk,fudkowfaoolrsm;wGif &&Sdxm;aom'Pf&mrsm;onf
rdrdudk,fwkdifrdrdjyKvkyfjcif;jzifhom&&SdEdkifrnfhoP²mefrsm;ay:vGifae&rnf jzpf\/ aoewf'Pf&mjzpfygrl
]]axmufypf'Pf&m}} (contact wound)ESifh ]]axmufvkeD;'Pf&m}} (near contact wound)ESifh
]]uyfypf'Pf&m}} (close range wound) wdkYrSvGJí tjcm;r&SdEdkifacs/ crf;vSrf;vSrf;ae&mwGif
aoewfudkxm;vsuf ypfcwfygrlum; ta0;ü&Sdaom aoewfudkarmif;jyKwfap&ef wkwf&Snf?
BudK;ponfwdkYudk toHk;jyK&rnfom jzpfayonf/ xdk;oGif;'Pf&m(stab wound) ESifh
jywf&S'Pf&mrsm;(incise wound)jzifh owfaovQifvnf; xdk'Pf&mwdkY\ vrf;aMumif;(tract of the
wound)ESifh 'Pf&m\wnfae&m(situation of the wound)wdkYwGif rdrdudk,fwkdif zefwD;
jyKvkyfEdkifonfh 'Pf&moP²mef ay:vGifae&rnfjzpf\/ vl\cE¨mudk,fonf auG;ñGwf aysmhaysmif;pGm
taetxm;trsKd;rsKd;jzifh wnf&SdEdkifojzifh owfaool\ 'Pf&mwnfae&mESifh 'Pf&mvrf;aMumif;
wdkYrSmvnf; toGiftrsKd;rsKd;jzifh &SdEdkifay\/ odkYjzpf&m'Pf&moP²meftvdkuf rdrdvufjzifh rdrdjyKEdkifrnfh
oabmrsm;udk prf;oyfqifjcifNyD;rS ]]udk,fwkdifjyKvkyfaom'Pf&m}} [kwf - r[kwf
oHk;oyf&rnfjzpfonf/
13/ tjcm;oufa ocsufrsm; (Other evidence)/ tcsKdUaomowfaorIrsm;um; 'Pf&m
oP²mefrsm;tm;ppfaq;&kHjzifh owfaorI[lí qHk;jzwfEdkif&ef cJ,Of;aewwfay\/ xdktajctaersKd;
BuHKBudKufygu tjcm;aom owfaocsufrsm;\ tultnDjzifhqHk;jzwfEdkifygonff/
14/ aool\ywf0ef;usifrS awGU&Sd&aomtaxmuftxm; oufaocsufrsm;wGif aemufqHk;rSm
Mum;pm? qkawmif;pm (twkr[kwf)(farewell letter)wdkYonf wefzdk;t&SdqHk; yifjzpfacsonf/
þodkYaom aemufqHk;a&;pmrsKd;udk owfaorI 30%cefYwGif awGU&Sd&wwf\/ tcsKdUaom pmrsm;um;
wdkwdkwkwfwkwf wpfaMumif;? ESpfaMumif;cefYom jzpfaomfvnf; tcsKdUrSmum;
b0aemufaMumif;jyefrsm;udk 0w¬K&Snf wpfyk'favmufeD;eD; &Snfvsm;rsm;jym;pGm a&;om;xm;\/
a&;om;Muaom taMumif;t&mrsm;um; qkawmif;jcif;? EIwfqufjcif;? usef&pfypönf;cGJa0jcif;
ponfwdkYyif jzpfMu\/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
15/ vufeufjzifh owfaorIrsm;wGifrl vufeufudk tavmif;\teD;ü awGU&wwf\/
wpfcgwpf&H aool\ vufwGif;0,f toufxGufonfESihfwpfNydKifeuf wif;MuyfpGm (cadaveric
spasm) qkyfudkifvsuf &Sdaewwf\/ aool\vuf0,f vufeufwpfpHkwpf&m rawGU&SdvQifvnf;
owfaorI r[kwf[lí wpforwfwnf; r,lqoifh/ taMumif;rl owfaooltcsKdUonf rdrdudk,fudk
xdk;oGif;? ckwfvSD;? ypfcwf MuNyD;aemuf "m;? aoeuf ponfwdkYudk
vTifhypfavh&SdaomaMumifhvnf;aumif;? tavmif;em;&Sd vufeufudk wpfpHkwpfa,mufu
,liifoGm;aomaMumifh vnf;aumif; aool\ teD;wGif vufeufaysmufqHk;aewwf\/
16/ rdrdudk,fudk rdrd'PfjyKolrsm;onf t0wftpm;rsm;ay:rS'PfjyKavhr&Sd/ t0wftpm;
vSefcRwfítom;ay:ü om vSD;jzwf'PfjyKavh&Sd\/
17/ tavmif;ywf0ef;usiftaetxm;(scene of death) rSmvnf; owfaoonfh taMumif;
udkazmfjyonfh taetxm;tjzpfrSvGJí tjcm;aom vlowfrI? rawmfwqaorI oGifjyifrsm;ESifh
rwlnDEdkifacs/ Oyrm- tcef;wHcg;rsm;udk twGif;rStvHkydwfvsuf owfaojcif;? vlolreD;aom
qdwfuG,f&m t&yfa'orsm;odkY oGm;a&muffowfaojcif;/ tcsKyfqkd&aomf owfaoolrsm;wGif
usm;^r? touft&G,f? t&nftcsif;? "etiftm;? pdwful;pdwfoef;? ywf0ef;usiftajctae
ponfwdkY uGJjym;jcm;em;rIrsm; &SdwwfBuojzifh aoyHkaoenf;rsm;vnf; qifwlaomfvnf;aumif;?
xyfwlxyfrQ aomfvnf;aumif;? jzpfEkdifcJ\/ xdkYaBumifh owfaorIrsm;udk aumufcsufcs&ef
wpfxpfcs owfrSwfcsufrsm; r&SdEkdifacs/
owfa oenf;rsm;
18/ tcsKdUaom owfaoolrsm;onfum; BudKwifBuHpnf qHk;jzwfxm;jcif;r&SdbJ ½kwfw&uf
pdwful;aygufum owfaoMujcif;jzpf&m vufvSrf;rDonfh aoenf;udk toHk;cswwfMu\/ Oyrm-
ppfom;taejzifh aoewfjzifh ypfowfjcif;? jrpfem;urf;em; eD;oltaejzifh a&xJodkY ckefcsjcif;?
"mwfyHkq&mtaejzifh qdkif,if;Edkuf tqdyfaomufaojcif;? 'dkbDorm;taejzifh atmufZm;vpf
tufqpf odkYr[kwf aqmf'g aomufaojcif;? aq;½HkESifh eD;pyfoltaejzifh tdyfaq;aomufaojcif;
ponfrsm;jzpfay\/
19/ tcsdKUaom owfaoolrsm;onf rawG;awm0Hhp&maumif;avmufonfh enf;rsm; jzifhtaoqdk;
aowwfMu\/ Oyrm- rdrdudk,fudk,f rD;½dIUowfjcif;? OD;acgif;udk ykqdef jzifhaygufjcif;/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
tcsKdUaom olrsm;um; tpmiwfcHaojcif;? rD;½dIUowfaojcif; ponfhenf;rsm;jzifh jynfolvlxk\
*½kPmudkcH,lum EdkifiHa&; awmif;qdkrIudk jyKMu\/ tcsKdUaomolrsm;um; tqdyf trnfcH rjyif;xef
vSaom tqdyfaq;rsKd;udk aomufum [efjyowfaorIudk jyKwwfMu\/ Oyrm- tdkiftdk'if;tqdyf?
rJe,f ponfwdkYudk usJusJa&azsmfí aomufjcif;/
20/ jrefrmjynfwGif udk,hfudk,fudk owfaorIrsm;onf atmufygenf;vrf;rsm;twdkif;
tjzpfrsm;onf/ ¤if;wdkYrSm-
(u) rdrdudk,fudktqdyfaomufaoqHk;jcif; (Poisoning)
(c) rdrdudk,fudkBudK;qGJcsaoqHk;jcif; (Hanging)
(*) rdrdudk,fudka&epfaoqHk;apjcif; (drowning)
(C) rdrdudk,fudk”"m;ajr§mifjzifhxdk;í aoqHk;jcif; (Stabbing)
(i) rdrdvnfyif;udk jywf&S 'Pf&m&atmifjyKvkyfíaoqHk;jcif; (Incised wound on the
neck)
(p) rdrdudk,fudk aoewfjzifhypfíaoqHk;jcif; (Firearm injuries)
(q) rdrdudk,fudk&xm;twdkufcHaoqHk;jcif; (Suicide by train)
(Z) rdrdudk,fudk tjrifhrSckefcsíaoqHk;apjcif; (Jumping from height)
(ps) rdrdudk,fudk rD;½dIUowfaojcif; (Burning)
vlowfr IE Si fh ywfoufí od& Sd& rnfhtcsuf rsm;
21/ jrefrmjynf vlowfrIrsm;wGifa'goukd rcsKyfwnf;EkdifonfhtavQmuf ½kwfcsnf;ckduf&ef
jzpfyGm;owfjzwfrIrsm;? trsm;tjym;&Sdavonf/ tao;tzGJudpöukd taMumif;jyK
BudKwifBuHpnfjcif;r&SdbJ ckwfxpfowffjzwfwwfMu\/ uav;csif;&efjzpf&mrS vlBuD;csif;owfjzwfjcif;?
ta<u;awmif;&mrS owfjzwfjcif;? t&ufrl;vGefum&rf;um; owfjzwfjcif; ponfwkdYjzpf\/
22/ xkduhJokdY &yfxJ&GmxJwGifaoG;ylyljzifh owfjzwfMujcif;aMumifh oufao txift&Sm;&Sdojzifh
xkdrIcif;rsm;udk cJ&mcJqpfprf;oyfppfaq;&ef rvkdyJjypfrIay:vGifMuonfom rsm;\/
rdrdtm;tEÅ&m,fjyK wdkufcdkufvmoltm; Oya't&umuG,fckcHykdifcGifhjzifh
½kwfcsnf;wkefYjyefowfjzwfrIrsKd;vnf; yg0ifay ao;onf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
23/ tjcm;towfcH&rIrsm;um; aomif;usef;olwkdY\ owfjzwfcH&rIyif jzpfonf/ Oyrm-
wkdufyGJwGif owfjzwfjcif;? vrf;ydwfqkdYum c&D;onfrsm;ukd ypfcwfowfjzwfjcif;? qufaMu;ray;ojzifh
&GmjyifokdYxkwfí owfjzwfjcif;? EkdifiHa&;y#dyu©rIjzifh owfjzwfjcif; ponfwkdYjzpfonf/ xkduJhokdY
owfjzwf&mwGif vlod&SifMum; owfjzwfMuonfjzpf&m towfcH&ykH xif&Sm;avh&Sdonf/ aoewfESihf
ypfcwfjcif;? "m;ESihf ckwfjcif;? vSHpGyfESifhxkd;jcif;? ponfhenf; rsm;ukdokH;Muayonf/
24/ &efNidK;&efpaMumihf vufpm;acsowfjzwfjcif; (vengeful homicide)? rdrdtusKd;ukd
xdckdufcH&ojzifh tNidK;zGJU owfjzwfjcif;rsm;vnf;&Sdao;onf/ rdrdaqGrsKd;om;csif;? ZeD;om;? ajr;wkdYudk
apmfum;cH&ojzifh tcJrausjzpfumaoG;at;at;jzifh owfjzwfrIrsm;vnf; r&Sm;ay/ þokdYBuHpnfNyD;
aoG;at;at;jzifh owfrIrsm;wGifum; vlowform;onf vQKdU0SufpDpOfrIrsm;jzifh trIray:atmif
zefwD; avh&Sdonf/
25/ "m;jyrIrsm;wGifvnf; vlowfrIrsm; a&m>yrf;aewwfay\/ "m;jywkdufpOf rsufESmod "m;jy
jzpfaeojzifh tdrf&Sifukdowfypfjcif;? tdrf&Sif\ckcHrIukd rarQmfvifhbJBuHKBudKuf&ojzifh tdrf&Siftm;owf
ypfvkdufjcif;? tdrf&Sifratmf[pfEkdifatmif yg;pyfwGift0wfqkdYjcif;wkdYaMumifh avrGef;aoqkH;jcif;
ponfwkdYum; "m;jywkduf vlowfrIrsm;\xif&Sm;ay:vGifaom jzpf&yfrsm; jzpfayonf/
towfcH&enf;rsm; (Methods of homicide)
26/ BudK;qGJcsvsuf BudK;wef;vef;ESihfawGU&aom tavmif;ukd vlowform;\ vufcsuf
[lírqkdEkdifacs/ þenf;jzifhvlwpfa,mufukd owfjzwfzkdY&efum; tpDtpOfrsm; trsm;tjym;vkdtyfum
vG,fulrIr&Sdjcif;aMumifh BudK;qGJcsowfjzwf&ef rnfonfvlowform; rQpOf;pm;Murnfr[kwfay/
a&xJrSqnf,l&&Sdaomtavmif;ü "m;'Pf&m? aoewf'Pf&m ponfwkdYukd awGU&Sdygrl towfcH&rI [lí
xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;&rnfjzpfonf/
27/ ½kwfw&ufowfjzwfrIrsm;ü xif&Sm;onfhoGifjyifrsm;&Sdonf/ tpDtpOfuif;rJhpGmjzifh aoG;ylyl
owfjzwfjcif;rsKd;jzpf&m teD;&SdvufvSrf;rSD&mvufeufukdomoHk;avh&Sdonf/ qHyifnSyf orm;onf uyfaMu;jzifh
vnf;aumif;? xif;ckwform;onf ykqdefjzifhvnf;aumif;? rdrdESifheD;pyf&m vufeufjzifh xkd;Mu?
ckwfMujcif;jzpfonf/ xkduhJokdYaom ½kwfw&uf owfjzwfrIrsm;wGif vkH;axG; owfjzwfckduf yGef;'Pf&mESihf
zl;a&mif'Pf&mrsm; &&Sdwwf ayonf/ &kwfw&ufckduf&efjzpfyGm;pOf vufeufwpfpkH wpf&mudktokH;rjyKbJ
vnfyif;n§pfowfjcif;rsm; vnf;&Sdayao;onf/
28/ aoG;at;at;jzifh owfjzwfrIrsm;wGif vufonfray:bJ oJvGefprusefEkdifonhf vsKdU0Suf
enf;vrf;rsm;ukdtokH;rsm;ayonf/ tqdyfcwfjcif;jzifhvnf;owfjzwfMu\/ tqdyfaMumifh aoqkH;&mwGif
xif&Sm;odvG,faom ½kwfw&ufaoqkH;apEkdifonfh tqdyfrsKd; (Oyrm - aumhpwpf? i&JrD;
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
ponf)ukdtokH;NyKxm;ygu vlowfrIjzpfEkdif&efcJ,Of;vSayonf/ owfjzwf&eftaumif;qkH;aom tqdyfum;
ta&mif; tqif;teHUt&om uif;rJhonhftqdyfrsKd;jzpfonfomru wkdufauR;NyD; aemuf tcsdeftawmfMumwGifrS
tqdyfvu©Pmrsm; ay:vGifvmEkdifonfh tqdyfrsKd;jzpfacsonf/ xkdtqdyfoifhvu©Pmrsm;rSm a&m*g
wpfpkHwpf&m\ vu©Pm&yfESifh qifwlaeygrl ykdrkdíaumif;rGefayrnf/ pdeftqdyfrsKd;wGif þt&nftcsif;rsm;
tawmftwef&Sdojzifh tokH;rsm;ayonf/
29/ &Sm;&Sm;yg;yg; vlowfrIusL;vGef&mü aoG;at;vlowfenf;rsm;um; a&xJokdUwGef;csjcif;? tqdyfaiGU
oifhapjcif;? vQyfppf"mwfvdkufapjcif;wkdYyif jzpfonf/
30/ "m;jywkdufpOf vlowfrIusL;vGef&mü "m;ajr§mifESifhxkd;jcif;? aoewfESihfypfjcif;? ratmf[pf Ekdifap&ef
OD;acgif;ukdtdwfpGyfjcif;? yg;pyfESihf ESmacgif;wkdYukd t0wfpnf;aESmifjcif;? yg;pyftwGif;okdY oHyk&moD;oGif;xm;jcif;
ponfhenf;rsm;ukdokH;Muojzifh xkdvu©Pmrsm;ukdom tawGU&rsm;onf/
vufeufwpfp kH wpfc kj zifhvlowfrIwGif awG. Edkifaom'Pf&m\xl;jcm;csufrsm;
31/ 'Pf&m\wnfa e&m (Situation of the wound)/ 'Pf&m\wnfae&mrSm vlukd
aoap Ekdifavmufonfh csufaumif;ae&mrsm;ESihfwuG tjcm;aomrnfonfhae&mrsKd;rqkdwGifjzpfap?
tuefYtowfr&Sd wnf&SdEkdifayonf/ vnfrsKdukd "m;vSD;cH&ygrlum; 'Pf&monfpvkwf\
atmufzufüwnf&Sdwwfacsonf/ wkwf'Pf&m? "m;'Pf&mwkdYonfum; trsm;tm;jzifh OD;acgif;ü
&SdwwfNyD; xkd;oGif;'Pf&mrsm;um; trsm;tm;jzifh &iftkH? 0rf;Akduf? ESihf vnfrsKdwkdYü wnf&Sdwwf\/
32/ 'Pf&mta&twGufESihfj yif;xefykH (Number and extent of the wound)/ 'Pf&m
wpfcsufwnf;rSonf tcsufaygif;rsm;pGmawGU&Sd&wwf\/ aoewf'Pf&m? "m;ckwf'Pf&m?
"m;xkd;'Pf&m ponfwkdUukdajrmufrsm;pGmawGY&NyD; 4if;wkdYonf jyif;xefaom 'Pf&mrsm;csnf;jzpfMuygrl
vlowfrI [lípOf;pm;qkH;jzwfvQifvGJrSm;EkdifzG,fr&Sdacs/ vlowform; \p½kdufrSm
toufaysmufNyD;olukdyif aocsmrI&Sdap&ef txyfxyf tBudrfBudrf'PfNyKavh&Sdwwf&m
jyif;xefaom'Pf&m\ ywf0ef;usifwGif tvm;wljyif;xefaom oufaysmufEdkifaom 'Pf&m (fatal
wounds) rsm;ukdawGU&wwfayonf/
33/ wpfyg;olj yKí&aom'Pf&m (odkYr[kwf) ckcHumuG,f'Pf&m (Defence wound) /

'Pf&m wnfae&m? 'Pf&m\vrf;aMumif;? 'Pf&m\tvsm;vkduf taetxm;wkdYtm;jzifh 'Pf&monf
ukd,fwkdifjyKvkyf aom'Pf&mr[kwf? wpfyg;oljyKvkyfí&aom'Pf&mjzpfaMumif;
xif&Sm;onfhtoGifukdaqmifaewwfonf/ xif&Sm;odvG,faom ]]wpfyg;oljyKvkyfaom'Pf&m}}um;
]]ckcHumuG,f'Pf&m}} (defense wound) yifjzpf\/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
34/ oG,f0dkufoufa orsm; (circumstantial evidence) / vlowform;rsm;wGifvnf;
ywf0ef;usifoufaocsufrsm; (circumstantial evidence) ay:vGifxif&Sm;aewwf\/ vlowform;
\t"du&nf&G,fcsufukd taMumif;cHí ywf0ef;usifoGifjyifrsm;ay:aygufaeavh &Sdwwfayonf/
Oyrm - vuf0wfvufpm;? a&TaiG&wem ponfwkdUukdtvkd&Sdojzifh vlowf&mwGif xkdypönf;rsm;
aysmufqkH; aeonfukd awGY&rnfomru ywf0ef;usif&Sdypönf;ypönf;rsm; z½kdz&Jjzpfae onfukdvnf;
awGU&wwf\/ towfcH&olonf csufjcif;raoqkH;bJ vIyf&Sm;rIrsm;jyKvkyfcJhvQif vnf; ywf0ef;usif
tESHYtjym;wGif aoG;rsm;ayusHvsuf&Sdwwf acsonf/ 'Pf&m&onhfae&mrsm;rS wpfjcm;wpfae&mokdY
aoG;½I;aoG;wef;jzifh vrf;avQmufoGm;vQifvnf; vrf;aMumif;wpfavQmuf aoG;uGufrsm;ukd
awGU&ayrnf/ tdyfarmusaepOf towfcH&ygrl tdyfvsuf&SdpOf taetxm;twkdif; tusÐt0wftpm;
rsm;ESihf tcif;ae&mrsm;ay:wGif aoG;rsm;ayusHvsuf awGU&rnfjzpf\/ tcif;jzpfyGm;&mywf0wf;usifü
aoolESihfroufqkdifaom olwpfygypönf;rsm; (Oyrm - tarT;trQif? zdeyf? OD;xkyf? aq;vdyfwkd?
vufukdifyk0g? vG,ftdwf? vufeufESihf tjcm;vlUtokH;taqmifrsm;) usef&pfcJhygrl xkdokdYaoqkH;
&jcif;onf towfcHíaoqkH;&jcif;[lí ,lq&ef&Sday\/ tavmif;\cE¨mukd,fay:wGif
'&GufwkdufqGJ&mrsm;? tavmif;\ywf0ef;usifwGif '&GufqGJ vrf;aMumif;rsm;ukdawGU&NyD;
tavmif;onfaoqkH;onfhae&mrS tjcm;ae&mokdY ajymif;a&TUcHxm;&onfh taetxm;ü&Sdygrl
vlowfrI[lí,lq&efrsm;ayonf/
rawmfwqxdc d kufa oqkH;rIE Si fh ywfoufíod&Sd&rnfhtcsufrsm;
35/ rawmfwqxdcdkufaoqkH;rl[lonf]]rawmfwq}}qkdaompum;twkdif;yif rawmfravsmf
rarQmfvifhtyfonfh tjzpftysufESihf ½kwfw&uf&ifqkdifawGUBuKH&NyD; xdckdufaoqkH;oGm;jcif;rsKd;
yifjzpf\/ rnfonfhae&mrsKd;ürqkd jzpfyGm;EkdifMuavonf/ rawmfwqxdcdkufrI rsm;onf
ayghqrIaMumifhaomf vnfaumif;? rkd;BudK;ypfjcif;? ivsifvIyfjcif; ponhfuHMur®m tavsmuf
rvTJomra&Smifomjzpfay:jcif; aBumifhaomfvnf;aumif; ay:aygufwwfMuacs\/
wpfcgwpf&HwGifvnf; olwpfyg;\ayghqrIaMumihf roufqkdifolwpfOD;OD;tm; xdckdufrIjzpfyGm;
apwwfavonf/ av,mOfysHysufus&mwGif c&D;onfrsm; aoqkH;&jcif;rSm av,mOfESifhoufqkdifol
wpfOD;wpfa,muf\ayghqrI jzpfEkdifavonf/
36/ tcsKdUaomolrsm;rSm arQmfjrifqifjcifwkHw&m;acgif;yg;jyD; tusKd;tjypfukd rSef;q EkdfifpGrf;
uif;rJhMuojzihf rawmfwqrIrsm;pGmukdBuHKBudKuf&jcif; jzpfayonf/
37/ rD;&xm;arSmufjcif;? av,mOfysufusjcif;? ajratmufowåKwGif;NydKusjcif;? rkefwkdif;oifh
jcif;ponfwkdYaMumifhaoqkH;rIrsm;um; jzpfysufykHay:vTifxif&Sm;vGef;ojzifh rawmfwq
xdcdkufrIjzpfaMumif; twnfjyK&efrvdkacs/ okdYaomf aoykHaoenf;rsm;? jzpfysufykH jcif;&mrsm;ukd
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
avhvmod&Sd&jcif;tm;jzifh aemufaemifwGif þtjzpfqkd;rsm;rS uif;vGwfEkdiaf p&ef umuG,frIpepfrsm;ukd
wDxGifzefwD;Ekdifavonf/
38/ tdrfwGif;rawmfwqrIrsm;um; wpfOD;wpfa,muf\ayghqrIaMumifh jzpf&wwfavonf/
jzpfyGm;ykHtcsif;t&mESihf aoykHaoenf;ukd qef;ppfMunfhvQifyif rawmfwqxdcdkuf ao&aMumif; ay:vGifavh&Sd
ayonf/ tdrfwGif;rawmfwqrIESihf &ifqkdif&avh&SdolwkdYum; uav;oli,frsm;ESihf tbkd;tkd?
tbGm;tkdrsm;yifzpfMuonf/ ta&miftqif;? trsKd;tpm;tm;jzifh qifwl½kd;rSm;&Sdwwf aomaq;ESihftqdyfrsKd;wkdYukd
eD;uyfpGm ,SOfwGJxm;rdojzifhvnf; rawmfwqtqdyfoifhwwfMu\/ Oyrm - t0wfavQmfqkd'gESihf pm;qkd'g?
cRwfaq; atmufZm;vpftpfqpfESihf qm;cg;0rf;EIwfaq; ponfwkdYukd rSm;,Gif;aomufokH;rdjcif;?
vQyfppffypönf;rsm;ukd ayghqpGmukdifwG,frdojzifhvnf;aumif;? uRrf;usifrIr&SdbJ vsyfppfypönf;rsm; ukdwyfqifjcif;?
jyifqifjcif;aMumifh vnf;aumif;? vQyfppfrawmf wqxdcdkufrrI sm; ay:aygufEkdifacsao;\/
rD;ukdayghqpGmukdifwG,fokH;pGJjcif;aMumifh rD;avmifrIrsm;? a&eHqDrD;zkd aygufuGJjcif; aMumifh 'Pf&m&rIrsm;?
cav;oli,fwkdYukd a&aEG;ylavmifrIrsm; ponfwkdYrSm vnf;jzpfyGm;avh&Sdaom
tdrfwGif;rawmfwqxdcdkufrIrsm;jzpfayonf/
39/ puf½kHrsm;wGifvnf; rawmfwqxdcdkufrItrsm; tjym;BuHKBudKuf& wwf\/ vQyfppftiftm;
BuD;rm;pGmtokH;NyK&aompuf½kHrsm;ü "mwfvkdufjcif;rsm;&Sdwwfayonf/ xkdYtjyif pufab;tEå&m,f
nTefMum;csufrsm;ukdpepfwusrvdkufemojzifh pufBudwf0g;cH&jcif;? a&aEG;yl tkd;BuD;rsm;twGif;okdY usa&muf
jcif;wkdYvnf;rMumcPay:aygufavh&Sd\/
40/ t&ufaopmrl;,pfaeolrsm;onf rawmfwqrIrsm;ukd tjcm;olrsm;xuf ykdrkdBuHKBudKuf
&wwf\/ taMumif;rl t&ufrl;,pfaeolwGif &SufaMumufpdwfuif;rJhaejcif;? zswfvwfrI
avsmhyg;jcif;? wdusajyavsmhaom vIyf&Sm;rIrsm; acgif;yg;oGm;jcif;wkdYaMumifh aywnf;/
41/ txufazmfjyNyD;aom rawmfwqxdckdufrIrsm;onf oufqkdif&m 'Pf&moP²mefrsm; ay:ayguf
apMuonfcsnf;jzpfay\/ rawmfwqtqdyfoifhaoqkH;vQifvnf;aoqkH;aponhf tqdyfaq;rSm
atmufZm;vpftufqpftrsKd;tpm;? t0wfavsmfqdk'g trsKd;t;pm; wkdYjzpfEkdifonf/
aoykHa oenf;
42/ 'Pf&mtrsKd;tm;jzifh pkyfNyJ'Pf&m(lacerated wound)? yGef;yJh'Pf&m(abrasion)? rkd;
BudK;ypf'Pf&m (lightning wounds)? tygt0if vQyfppf'Pf&m (electricity wounds)?
rD;avmif'Pf&m(burns)? a&aEG;ylavmif'Pf&m(scald) ponfwkdYjzpfMuonf/ a&epf&jcif;rsm;
(drowning)? av>yeftwGif; t&mw¬KwpfpkHwpfckydwfqkdYrdí aoqkH;&jcif;rsm; (choking) vnf;
rawmfwqaoykHaoenf;rsm;yif jzpfMuavonf/ BudK;qGJcsvQuf aoqkH;aejcif; (hanging)?
vnfyif;wGifBudK;jzifhwif;MuyfpGm csnfaESmifvQuf aoqkH;aejcif; (strangulation by ligature)
ponfwkdYonfum; rawmfwqaoqkH;&jcif;jzpf&ef cJ,Of;vSonf/
43/ 'Pf&m\wnfa e&m (Situation of the wound)/ rawmfwqrI[lonfenf;
trsKd;rsKd;? ykHpHtrsKd;rsKd;jzifhay:aygufEkdifay&m xkdYtwGuf &&Sdtyfaom'Pf&mrSmvnf; ykHaoum;csyf
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
r&SdEkdiaf cs/ vl\rnfonfukd,ft*Fgtpdwftykdif;wGif rqkd'Pf&m&&SdEkdifonfomjzpf\/
wnfae&mtm;jzifhxl;jcm;qef;Mu,faom'Pf&mrsKd;ukdawGU&Sd&ygrlum; rawmfwq'Pf&m[lí
a&S;OD;pGmcefYrSef; EkdifzG,f&Sday\/
44/ 'Pf&mta&twGufESifhj yif;xefykH(Number and extent of the wound)/ xkd;oGif;
'Pf&m (stab wounds)? xkd;azmuf'Pf&m (penetration wound)? "m;ckwf'Pf&m (incise
wound)ESifh wpfcsufcsif;ypfaoewf'Pf&m (gunshot wound)wkdYukd wpfckxufykdrkdíawGU&Sdygrl
rawmfwq'Pf&m[lí aemufqkH;wGifrSom xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;&rnf jzpfonf/ (crush injury)
pdpdnufnufaMurGavmufatmifjyif;xefygrl rawmfwq'Pf&m[lí a&SUOD;pGmxnfhoGif;pOf;pm;
oifhavonf/
45/ 'Pf&m&ykH/ 'Pf&m\wnfae&mESihfoGifjyifykHoP²meftm;jzifhyifvQif 'Pf&monf
rawmfwq'Pf&mjzpfaMumif; txif;om;ay:vGifaeavh&Sd\/ rD;avmif'Pf&mrsm;onf
vl\a&SUykdif;ESihf rsufESmjyifay:wGif om&Sdaeygu a&eHqDrD;zkd
ponhfaygufuGJrD;avmifcH&jcif;jzpfaMumif;xif&Sm; vSacs\/ BudK;qGJcsaojcif;onf
rdrdudk,fudkrdrdowfaojcif;[lí &mEIef;jynfheD;yg; ,lq&ef &Sdaomfvnf; BuKd;csnfykH csnfenf;
wGJavmif;usvsuf &SdaeonfhtajctaeESihf ywf0ef;usiftaetxm;rsm;aMumihf rawmfwq
aoqkH;jcif;jzpfaMumif; xif&Sm;vmwwfay\/
46/ oG,f0dkufoufa orsm; (circumstantial evidence)/ aoqkH;rIukd
ar;jref;ppfaq;&mü &&SdaomtaMumif;t&mrsm;tm;jzifhyifvQifrawmfwqjzpfysuf&aMumif;
vkHavmufpGm ay:vGifae wwfacs\/ Oyrmtm;jzifh
aysmfyGJpm;xGufpOfavSjzifhoGm;&mrSjyefvnfay:rvmawmhbJ tavmif;ukd om&&Sdjcif;? a&xJrS&onfh
tavmif;wGif a&ul;0wfpkH0wfqifvQufawGU&ygu aoolonfrawmfwq a&epfaoqkH;jcif;
jzpfzG,f&SdaMumif; a&S;OD;pGmpOf;pm;Ekdifayonf/ OD;acgif;'Pf&mESihfaoqkH;olukd avSum;ckHü awGU&ygu
'Pf&m taejzifh vl½kdufcH&aom'Pf&mESihf cGJjcm;&efcJ,Of;aeapumrl ywf0ef;usif
taxmuftxm;tm;jzifh rawmfwqjzpfysuf&aMumif; od&SdEkdifzG,f&Sd\/ Oyrm-aool\zdeyfwGif
iSufaysmcGH ponfawGU&Sd&jcif;? avSum;xpfüiSufaysmcGHtptersm; &Sdaejcif;? avSum;wpfavQmufü
avsmus&mrsm;awGU&jcif; ponfhywf0ef;usifoufaocsufrsm;ukd qufpyfvkdufvQif rawmfwq
aoqkH; &aMumif;ay:vGifvmEkdifayonf/
aoqHk;NyD;onfhtcsdefcefYrSef;jcif; (Time since death)

1/ þtcef;u@onfwyfrawmf&Sdq&m0efaq;rSL;rsm;twGuf aoqHk;onfhtcsdefESifh
ywfoufí od&SdoifhaomA[kokwrsm;udk &nf&G,fa&;om;&jcif; jzpfayonf/ q&m0efwpfOD; taejzifh
aoqHk;ol wpfOD;udkppfaq;Bunfh½Skum aoqHk;rSkudktwnfjyKay;&jcif;ESifh aoqHk;csdeftm;cefYrSef;ay;&aom
wm0ef&Sdayonf/ xdkYaMumifh aoqHk;rIudkrSm;,Gif;twnfjyKjcif; rjzpfapa&;
vGefpGmta&;MuD;vSayonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
2/ vlwpfOD;wpfa,mufaoqHk;NyD;aemuf (36)em&D rS (48)em&DtwGif; aoqHk;onfhtcsdefudk
atmufazmfjyygtcsuftvufrsm;jzifhtMurf;zsif;cefYrSef;Edkifygonf/ 4if;wdkYrSm-
(u) aoqHk;NyD;tavmif;at;pufjcif; (Cooling of the body)
(c) aoqHk;NyD;tavmif;aoG;uGufxdkifjcif; (Hypostatic staining)
(*) aoqHk;NyD;tavmif;awmifhwif;jcif; (Rigor mortis)
(C) tavmif;ykyfyGjcif; (Decomposition or putrefaction)
(i) tpmtdrftwGif;&Sdtpm;tpmudkMunfhíaoqHk;csdefudkcefYrSef;jcif; (Food in the stomach)
(p) tlrBuD;twGif;&Sdrpifrsm;ESifh qD;tdrftwGif;qD;&Sdr&Sdudk Munfhjcif;tm;jzifh aoqHk;csdef
cefYrSef;jcif; (Bowel and bladder contents)
(q) tarG;trQifBuD;xGm;½SnfxGufEIef;udkMunfhíaoqHk;csdefcefYrSef;jcif; (Growth of hair)
(Z) aoG;twGif;ajymif;vJrIudkMunfhí aoqHk;csdefcefYrSef;jcif;
(ps) OD;aESmuftwGif; t&nfMunfrsm; (Cerebro Spinal Fluid) udk Munfhjcif;tm;jzifh
aoqHk;csdefcefYrSef;jcif;
(n) rsufvHk;twGif;&Sd t&nfMunfrsm; (Vitreous Humor) ajymif;vJrIudkMunfhí
aoqHk;csdef cefYrSef;jcif;
(#) tavmif;ay:&Sdavmufrsm;udk Munfhjcif;jzifhaoqHk;csdef cefYrSef;jcif; ( Entomology
of maggot)
(X) oG,f0dkufoufaorsm;jzifh cefYrSef;jcif; (Circumstantial evidence)

3/ aoqHk;NyD;tavmif;at;pufj cif; (Cooling of the body)/ touf&SdolwkdY\ cE©mukd,f
tylcsdefonf jyifyywf0ef;usif ylonfjzpfap? at;onfyif jzpfap vkdufvHajymif;vJjcif;r&SdbJ
omreftm; jzifh 98.4 Hzm&if[kduf (38 H pifwD*&dwf) wGifom wnf&Sdaeonf/
vlonftouf&SifaeorQ umv ywfvkH; OD;aESmuf&Sdtylxdef;Xme (Heat regulating centre)
\yJhukdifrIaMumifhomreftylcsdef 98.4 H zm&if[kdufüom wnfNrJaejcif; jzpfayonf/ tzsm;a&m*g
jzpfay:aecsdefESihf aoG;tm;qkwf,kwfcsdef rsm;üom ,if;tylcsdefrS tavsmhtwkd; &Sdwwfayonf/
jyifywGiftylcsdefjyif;xefaeygu vl\cE¨mukd,fü acR;rsm; xGufvmapNyD; ukd,fcE¨mukd,ftylcsdef
yHkrSef&SdEdkif&ef tqkdygtylxdef;XmerS zefwD;ay;xm;onf/
4/ vlao\tylcsdefwkdif;wm&mü 40 Hzm&if[kduf rS 120 H zm&if[kduftxd rSwfom;jyKvkyf
xm;aom”"mwfcGJcef;okH;omrkdrDwmukdtokH;jyK&rnf/ "mwfcGJcef;okH; omrkdrDwmjzifhwkdif;wm&mwGif vnf;
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
tavmif;\ ptdkayguftwGif;okdY jy'g;wkdifukd okH;vufrrQ0ifapvsuf okH;rdepfrS ig;rdepf Mumatmifxm;&SdNyD;
qGJxkwfjcif;rjyKbJ tylcsdef zwf&rnfjzpfonf/ ptkdtwGif;tylcsdefonf yg;pyftylcsdefxuf 0.5 H rQykdrkdNyD;
csKdif;tylcsdefxuf 1.5 HrQ ykdrkdaewwfonf/
5/ tavmif;tylcsdefusqif;EIef;udkrlwnfjyD; atmufygykHaoenf;jzifh aoqHk;csdefudk tMurf;zsOf;
cefUrSef;Edkifygonf/
99H - T
aoqHk;NyD;em&Daygif; (No of hours) = ——-——
1.5
99H – 90H
= ———-— = 6 em&D
1.5
aoqHk;csdef½Sdptdk\cefUrSef;tylcsdef (Rectal temperature at the time of death) = 99Hzm&if[dkuf
prf;oyfcsdef &Sd ptdk tylcsde(f Rectal temperature at the time of examination) T = 90Hzm&if[dkuf
tavmif;tylcsdefusqif;EIef;wpfem&DvQif = 1.5
6/ aoqHk;csdefwGif ptdk\cefYrSef;tylcsdef
99Hzm&if[dkufjzpfonf[kaom,lqcsufrSmvufawGUwGif
uGJjym;rIrsm;jzpfay:Edkifygonf/yGefwdkif;aoG;,dkpdrfhjcif; (Pontine haemorrhage)? ydk;ysHUESHYjcif;(Septicaemia)
wdkYaMumifh aoqHk;olrsm;\ aoqHk;csdefptdktylcsdefrSm 103Hzm&if[dkurf S 106 Hzm&if[dkuf txd&dSwwfMu
ygonf/ xdkaMumifh ¤if;yHkaoenf;jzifh aoqHk;NyD;em&Daygif;cefYrSef;jcif;onf rsm;pGmwdusrIr&dSyg/
aoqHk;NyD;tavmif; aoG;xkdifuGuf a y:aygufj cif; (Hypostatic Staining, LivorMortis)
7/ touf&SifolwkdY\ ukd,fwGif;0,f vSnfhvnfaeaom aoG;rsm;xJü aoG;eDOESifh

aoG;&nfMunf wkdYonf tenfxaeaom AGufa&aemufyrm a&m>yef;aeonf/ aoqHk;NyD;
aoG;vSnfhywfjcif; &yfpJoGm;onfESihfwNydKifeuf aoG;eDOrsm;onfaoG;&nfMunfrsm;xJwGif
wpfjznf;jznf;tenfxkdifoGm;Mu ayonf/ ,if;okdYtenfxkdif&mwGif urÇmajrxkqGJiiftm;
(gravity)t&edrfh½Idif;aomae&modkY pka0; tenfxkdifMujcif;jzpf\/
8/ þuJhokdYeuf½Idif;aom ae&mrsm;&Sd aoG;aMumi,frsm;twGuf aoG;eDOrsm; tenfxkdif

pka0;jcif;tm;jzifh ,if;ae&mrsm;ü aoG;xkdifuGuf (Hypostasis staining) rsm; ay:vmayonf/
tqkdyg aoG;xkdifuGufrsm;onf vlwpfa,mufaoqkH;NyD;aemuf tcsdeftenf;i,f (1-2em&DcefY)
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
tMumwGifpwifay:aygufvmjcif;jzpfonf/ tcsKdUaomtoufxGufaES;vGef;olrsm;wGifrl
aoG;xkdifuGuf vQifjrefpGm ay:vmwwfMuayonf/
9/ aoG;xkdifuGufrsm;onf pwifay:aygufpwGif tuGufvkdufjzpfaeaomfvnf; 4-5 em&DcefY
tMum;wGifrlum; tuGufrsm;tcsif;csif;qufpyfoGm;Muawmhonf/ aoNyD;aemuf 10 em&DcefY
tMumwGifrl aoG;rsm;cJoGm;NyD;jzpfojzifh aoG;xkdifuGufrsm;onf (tavmif;taetxm; rnfokdYyif
ajymif;apumrl) rajymif;vJbJ rlvtwkdif;wnf&Sdayawmhonf/ aoG;rcJcifwGifrl (aoNyD;aemuf 4-
5em&D tMum) tavmif;taetxm;ajymif;vJrltvkduf aoG;xdkifuGufrsm; vnf;cE¨mukd,f\
edrfh½Idif;onfhae&mrsm;wGif ajymif;vJ jzpfay:Muacsonf/
10/ aoG;tm;enf;olrsm;? aoG;vGefaoqkH;olrsm;ESihf emwm&Snfa&m*gjzifh cdseJUydefcsKHU aoqkH;
oGm;olrsm;ü aoG;xkdifuGufrsm;rxif&Sm;bJ&Sdwwfonf/ a&xJü a&pD;tvkduf vdrhfvJarsmygum
ukd,fcE¨mtBudrfBudrf ajymif;vJrSK&SdcJhonfh tavmif;rsm;wGifvnf; aoG;xkdifuGufxif&Sm;pGmay:
aygufavhr&Sdacs /
11/ aoqkH;NyD;tavmif;awmifhwif;jcif; (Rigor mortis) / cE¨mukd,fonf aoqHk;NyD;
aemuf <uufom;rsm;onf tqifh 3 &yftm;jzifh ajymif;vJoGm;Muavonf-
(u) yxrtqifha jymif;vJrI (Primary flaccidity)
yxrtqifha ysmhaysmif;jcif;/aoqHk;onfESifhwpfNydKifeuf<uufom;rsm;onfwif;rmrIuif;rJhoGm;um
aysmhtd oGm;Muavonf/ þtcsdefydkif;udka&S;OD;<uufom;aysmhaysmif;csdef (Primary
flaccidity)[kowfrSwftyf\/ þtcsdefonfum;udk,fcE¨mwpfckvHk;&Sd <uufom;rsm; onf
t½kyfBudK;jywf yrmwif;rmrIvHk;0uif;rJhoGm;um ZufusKd;usjcif;? atmufarh½dk; ESJYusvmjcif;?
rsufcGHavsmhusoGm;jcif;?ajcvufrsm;yHkusvmjcif; ponfwdkY jzpfay:vmMuavonf/
a&S;OD;<uufom;aysmhaysmif;csdefwGif <uufom; armfvDusL;rsm;ysufokOf;jcif;r&SdMuao;ojzifh
<uufom;rsm; onfvQyfppf"mwfukd wkefYjyefEdkifMuayao;onf/ xdktcsdeftwGif;vufarmif; <uufom;xJodkY
vQyfppf"mwftm; vTwfMunfhyguvufarmif;vIyf&Sm;rIawGU&ygrnf/rsufpd\a&SUcef;(Anterior chamber)
xJodkYtufx½dkyif;(Atropine) aq;&nfxnfhoGif;vQifvnf; oli,ftdrfus,fvmonfudk
awGU&rnfjzpfNyD; tufqm&if (Eserine) aq;&nfxnfhoGif;Munfhygrlum; oli,ftdr(f Pupil)
usOf;oGm;onfudk awGU&ayrnf/ a,bk,stm;jzifha&S;OD; <uufom;aysmhaysmif;csdefonf wpfem&DrS 3-
4 em&Dxd Mumayonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(c) tavmif;<uufom;awmifhwif;jcif; (Rigor mortis) / þ<uufom;
awmifhwif;jcif;rSm'kwd,tqifh <uufom;ajymif;vJrIyifjzpfonf/ a&S;OD; <uufom; aysmhaysmif;csdef
(Primary flaccidity)ukefqHk;NyD;aemuf <uufom; awmifhwif; jcif;
tajctaeodkYwpfajz;ajz;qdkufa&mufvmonf/ xdktajctaeüudk,fwGif;&Sd (Voluntary muscles)ESifh
(Involuntary muscles) rsm;tygt0if <uufom;pkrsm;onf awmifhwif;rmaMum vmMu½Hkru
<uufom;rQifrsm;onfvnf; rlvuxuftenf;i,fwdkawmif;oGm;Muonf/ tNyD;wdkif
<uufom;awmifhwif; cJhNyD;u tavmif;onf awmifhwif;½HkrQruawmhbJ <uufom;rsm; wdkawmif;vmrIaMumifh
tavmif;\ tqpftjrpfae&mrsm;ü tenf;i,fauG; (flexion) vmonfudk awGU&avonf-
(1) <uufom;awmifhwif;&mü <uufom;rsm; rmawmifhvmjcif;ESifh wdkawmif;
vmjcif; wdkYonf rnfonfh"mwfajymif;vJrIrsm; (Chemical changes)
aMumifhjzpfonfudk ,ckwdkif wduspGmxkwfazmf od&SdEdkifpGrf; r&SdMuao;acs/
(2) rsm;aomtm;jzifh toufxGufNyD;aemuf 3-4 em&DcefYumvtwGif;
<uufom;awmifh wif;jcif;pwifjzpfay:vmonf/ aoqHk;jyD; 9-12
em&DtwGif;<uufom;rsm; tNyD;wkdifawmifhwif;jcif; awGU&jyD;
xdktajctaeonf aemuf 12 em&DcefUtxd qufvuf wnf&Sd aeygonf/
xdkYaemuf <uufom;awmifhwif; jcif;rsm; jyefvnfajyavsmhvm&m aoqHk;jyD;
36em&D aemufydkif;wGif tqdkygawmifhwif;jcif;rsm; tjyD;aysmufuG,f
oGm;avh&Sdygonf/
(3) <uufom;pwifawmifhwif;jcif; MuefYMumaES;auG;apEdkifaom aoqHk;rIrsm;rSm-
(uu) at;aomywf0ef;usifwGif aoqHk;wnf&Sdolrsm;

(cc) ½kwfw&ufaoqHk;oGm;olrsm;
(**) udk,fcE¨m BuHhcdkifoefrmolrsm;
(CC) raorDtcsdefydkif;uav;twGif; ukd,fvufvIyf&Sm;rI jyif;xefpGm
jyKvkyfcJhjcif;r&Sdolrsm;
(ii) raorD aoG;xGufvGefjcif;? rsm;pGm aoG;oGefjcif;&SdcJholrsm;
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(pp) qGJBudK;csaojcif;? vnfrsKdn§pfcH&íaojcif;? umbGefrdk aemufqdkuf
"mwfrdíaojcif;paom atmufqD*sif "mwfydwfqdkY cH&rIaMumifh
aoqHk; (Anoxic anoxia) olrsm;jzpfMuavonf/
(4) <uufom;pwifawmifhwif;jcif; aqmvsifpGmjrefjrefaoapEdkifaom

aoqHk;rIrsm;rSm-
(uu) ylaEG;aomywf0ef;usifwGif aoqkH;olrsm;
(cc) emwm&Snfa&m*gjzihfaoqkH;oGm;olrsm;ESihf tem0iftzsm;wuf

(Septicaemia) í aoqkH;olrsm;
(**) raorDtcsdefuav;twGif;ukd,fvufvIyf&Sm;rI jyif;xefpGm

jyKvkyfcJholrsm;ESihftaMumwufíaoqkH;olrsm;
(Oyrm - rkdif&Snfajy;vTm;aepOf aoqkH;ol? px&pfeif;

(Strychnine) tqdyfoifhí taMumwufaoqkH;olrsm;) ponfwkdY
jzpfMuavonf/
(5) <uufom;awmihfwif;jcif;\ oabmrSm - <uufom;pwifawmifhwif;csdef

aqmvsif jrefqefavav <uufom;awmihfwif;jcif;ukefqkH;oGm;rI
apmavavjzpfonf/ tjyeftvSef tm;jzifh <uufom;awmifhwif;csdef
MuefYMumaES;auG;avav <uufom;awmihfwif;jcif; ajyaysmufrI
aemufusavavjzpfacs\/
(6) <uufom;awmifhwif;csdef? awmifhwif;vQufwnf&SdcsdefESihf awmifhwif;rI
ysufokOf; oGm;csdefwdkYonf ywf0ef;usiftajctaersm;ay: rlwnfaeEkdifojzifh
oufaysmufcsdef (Time since death) cefYrSef;&eftwGuf
taxmuftuljzpfapaom t&eftcsuf tvuf wpf&yftjzpfom
tokH;jyKEkdifrnfjzpfonf/
(7) aoqHk;jyD;aemufrsm;aomtm;jzihf <uufom;rsm;onf vl\cE¨mukd,f
txufykdif; rSonf atmufykdif;okdYwpfjznf;jznf; tpOfvdkufawmifhwif;
vmwwfyg onf/ qkdvkdonfrSm rsufESm<uufom;rsm;? vnf;yif;
<uufom;rsm;? &iftkH<uufom; rsm;? 0rf;Akduf<uufom;rsm;? vufarmif;
vufzsH<uufom;rsm;wkdY tpOftvkduf awmifhwif;vmNyD; atmufykdif;jzpfaom
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
aygif? ajcovkH;? ajczrkdY? ponfwdkY&Sd<uufom;rsm;wkdif awmifhwif;
vmjcif;jzpfayonf/ okdY&mwGif raorDumv twGif;jyif;xefpGm vIyf&Sm;rI
jyKvkyfxm;aom ukd,fcE¨mtpdwftykdif;&Sd <uufom;onf txufyg
tpOfvkdufr[kwfawmhbJ awmihfwif;vmwwfayonf/ Oyrm-rkdif&Snf
pufbD;tjyif;pD;vmpOfaoqkH;oGm;olwGif ,if;\ajcaxmuf<uufom;rsm;onf
a&S;OD;pGm awmifhwif;Murnfjzpfayonf/
(8) <uufom;awmihfwif;jcif; ajyaysmufrIoabmrSmvnf; txufyguJhokdYyif
vl\cE¨mukd,f txufykdif;rS atmufykdif;okdY wjznf;jznf; awmifhwif;rI
ajyaysmufvmjcif;yifjzpfacsonf/okdYjzpfí a&S;OD;pGmawmifhwif;cJhaom
<uufom; onf a&S;OD;pGmawmifhwif;rI ajyaysmuf onf/aemufuspGm
awmifhwif;cJhaom <uufom;onfvnf; aemufuspGmawmifhwif;rIajyaysmuf
onfyifjzpf acsonf/awmihfwif;aeaom <uufom;rsm;ukd (Oyrm - ajc?
vuf? ponf) tm;oHk;jyD; ajzzsOfjcif;jyKcJhaomf (Oyrm - awmifhauG;vsuf
&Sdaomvufukdt"r®qGJqefYjcif;)awmifhwif;jcif;rsm;ysufokH;oGm;rnfjzpfjyD;
aemufxyfwpfzefjyefvnf awmifhwif;vmawmhrnf r[kwfacs/
(9) <uufom;rsm; awmihfwif;&mwGif (Voluntary muscles) rsm;omru
(Involuntry muscles) rsm;vnf; awmifhwif;jcif;jzpfMuygonf/
tavmif;ta&jym;ay:wGif MuufoD;zk (Cutis anserina) rsm;
jzpfay:vmjcif;? ESvkH;om;<uufom;rsm; awmihfwif;vmjcif;? tavmif; ü
okwf&nfxGufjcif;rsm;wko dY nf(Involuntrymuscles) ]<uufom;
awmifhwif;jcif;} aMumifhjzpfayonf/ okdYjzpfítavmif;üawGY&aom
MuufoD;zkrsm;? okwf&nfxGufjcif;rsm; wkdYonf touf&SifpOfu
ay:aygufcJhonf [k wpforwfwnf; r,lqEkdifacs/ xkdrQru tavmif;\
ESvkH;om;awmihfwif;rItajctaeukdvnf; ESvkH;<uufom; xGm;BudKif;onhfa&m*g
(Hypertrophy) ESihfrrSm;,Gif;apbJ cGJjcm;od&Sd&efvkdtyf ayonf/
(*) wwd,tqifh< uufom;ajymif;vJrI (Secondary flaccidity)/ þ<uufom;

ajymif;vJrItqifhukd ]]aESmif;<uufom;aysmhaysmif;csdef}} (Secondary flaccidity) tjzpf
owfrSwfygonf/ ]]<uufom;awmifhwif;csdefukefqkH;oGm;onfESihfwpfNydKifeuf
aESmif;<uufom; aysmhaysmif;csdef}}okdY qkdufa&mufvmayawmhonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
4if;tqifhokdYa&muf&SdvmonfESifhyif tavmif; onfvnf; pwifíykyf (decomposition) avawmhonf/
<uufom;rsm;onf ]]a&S;OD;<uufom; aysmhaysmif;csdef}}(primary flaccidity)tqifhü vQyfppf"mwfukd
wkefYjyefaomfvnf; aESmif;<uufom; aysmhaysmif;csdefwGifrlum; vQyfppf"mwfukd wkefYjyefEdkifpGrf; r&Sdawmhacs/
(C) xl;jcm;aom<uufom;ajymif;vJrIrsm; (Modified forms of rigidity)
(1) toufxGufN yD;wpfN ydK ifeuf <uufom;ajymif;vJrI(Cadaveric spasm)/

omref<uufom;awmifhwif;rIrsm;rSm a&S;OD;<uufom;aysmhaysmif;csdefvGefNyD;rS
jzpfay:vmayonf/ oufxGufNydKifeuf<uufom;ajymif;vJrIonfum;
toufxGufonfESifhwpfNydKifeuf <uufom;rsm;awmihfwif;oGm;Mujcif;
jzpfayonf/ þokdYjrefqefpGmawmifhwif;rIrSmrnfonfh "mwfajymif;vJ
rIaMumifhjzpfonf[k wduspGmrod&ao;acs/ odkY&mwGif atmufyg tajctae
rsm; ESihfpyfvsOf;í awGU&Sd&wwfavonf/
(2) toufxGufcsdefwGif jyif;xefpGmemusifrI? taMumufvGefrI? vefYjzefUrI?
a'goBuD;pGmxGufrI? ponfwkdYrSwckckukdcHpm;&if;aoqkH;oGm;&olrsm;wGif
oufxGufNydKifeuf awmifhwif;rIjzpfwwfayonf/ þokdYoufxGufNydKifeuf
awmifhwif;jcif;onf pdwfcufxefvGef;olrsm;wGiftjzpfrsm;avonf/
oufxGufNydKifeuf awmihfwif;rIrSm ½kwfw&uftpdrf;ao aoqkH;olrsm;
wGifomjzpfavh&Sdonf/raorDtcsdefav;twGif; jyif;xefpGmukd,fvuf
vIyf&Sm;rI jyKcJholrsm;wGif ykdrkdtjzpfrsm;Ekdifonf/ oufxGufNydKifeuf awmifhwif;
aeolrsm;\ [eftrlt&monf oufxGufcsdef [eftrlt&mtwkdif;yif jzpfonf/
okdYjzpfí toufxGufpOf vufeuf? t&m0w¬KwkdYukd qkyfukdifxm;cJhygrl
oufxGufNydKifeuf jzpfonfhtajctaeüvnf; oufxGufpOfutwkdif;yif Muyfwnf;
NrJNrHpGmqkyfukdifvsuf&Sdjcif;jzpfavonf/ Oyrm-a&epf aoqkH;ol\ vufwGif;wGif
jrufyif ponf wkdYukd NrJNrHpGmqkyfukdifvQufawGY&jcif;? aoewfjzifh owfaooGm;ol\
vufwGif aoewfukdckdifNrJpGm qkwfukdifvsuf awGY&jcif;? jrufcif;jyif ponfwkdYay:ü
&ufpufpGmtowfcH&olwkdY\vufü awGYrd qGJ&m jrufyifponfwkdYukd wif;MuyfpGm
qkwfukdifvQuf awGY&jcif;? &ufpufpGm towfcH&ol\ vufwGif w&m;cH\ukd,frS
qGJrdqGJ&m tusÐtpte? qHyifponf wkdYukdawGY&jcif;/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(3) þokdYoufxGufNydKifeuf trlt&mrsm;ukd rnfonfhenf;ESihfrQwkyzefwD;í r&Ekdifacs/
oufxGufNydKifeufqkyfukdifrIjzifhwnf&SdaomvufeufponfwkdUonf touf&SdolwpfOD;wif;MuyfpGm
qkyfukdifxm;ouJhyifckdifrmNrJNrHavonf/ xkdYaMumifh oufxGufNydKifeuf qkyfukdifxm;aom t&m0w¬Kukd
qGJxkwf&efrvG,fulay/ touf&Sdolwpfa,mufwif;usyfpGmqkyfukdifxm;onfxufyifoefrmNrJNrH
vSay\/
(4) omref<uufom;awmifhwif;rIjzifh zefwD;íqkyfukdifxm;apaom vufeuf?
t&m0w¬K ponfwdkUukd vG,fvifhwul vufjzifhajzvQufxkwf,l&&SdEkdifonf/
a&S;OD;<uufom; aysmhaysmif; csdefüomvsif vufeufponfrsm;ukd ÓPfqif
zefwD;í qkyfukdifapjcif;jyKEkdifayonf/ zefwD;í qkyfukdifxm;aom
vufwkdYüvnf; BudK;ponfwkdU pnf;aESmif&mrsm;awGU&ayrnf/
<uufom;awmifhwif;csdefokdYqkdufa&mufaomtcgrS wpfpkHwpf&mukd
qkyfukdifap&ef ÓPfqifzefwD;cJvQifrlum; (awmifhwif;NyD; <uufom;rsm;ukd
qkyfukdifonfh taetxm;&&ef NzdKzsuf&rnfjzpfojzihf) rnfokdYrnfrQ
qkyfukdifxm;aomtaetxm;ukd&&SdEkdifrnfr[kwfacs/ qkdvkdonfrSm
awmifhwif;NyD; <uufom;rsm;ukd wpfBudrfwpfcg NzdKzsufcJhvQif
aemufxyfrnfonfhtcgrQ awmifhwif;aom tajctaeokdY jyefvnf;
qkdufa&mufjcif;r&SdEkdifacs/
<uufom;rsm; at;cJj cif; (Cold Stiffening)
11/ a&SUOD;<uufom;aysmhaysmif;rItajctaewGifom &Sdao;aom<uufom;rsm;onf a&cJ

avmufaom tat;ywf0ef;usifü &Sdaernfqkdygu ]]<uufom;at;cJjcif;}} jzpfNyD; awmifhwif;
oGm;Muavonf/ at;cJoGm;aom<uufom;rsm;ukd vufjzifhcsKd;zJhzdESdyfMunfhrnf qkdygu wuRwfuRwf
NydKysufaeonfh tm½kHukd cHpm;&ayrnf/
12/ <uufom;rsm;onf omrefawmifhwif;aom tcsdef (Rigor mortis) rwkdifrD at;cJjcif;
jzpfcJhNyD; wpfzefysufaysmf (Thawing) oGm;cJhvQif omref<uufom;awmifhwif;jcif; tajctae okdY
a&muf&Sdjyefavonf/ þokdY at;cJaom<uufom;rsm; ysufaysmf (Thawing) NyD;aemuf
omref<uufom;awmifhwif;rItajctae (Rigor mortis)odkY ul;ajymif;jcif;um; vGefpGmvsifjref
avonf/ xkdokdYjrefqefonfhenf;wl wzef aESmif;<uufom;rsm;aysmhaysmif;csdef (Secondary
flaccidity) okdY ull;ajymif;&mwGifvnf; omrefxufjrefqef avonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
tyl&Sdefa Mumifh awmifhcJj cif; (Heat Stiffening)
13/ vlcE©mukd,f&Sd<uufom;rsm;onf 56 HFpifwD*&dwfxuf ykdrkdaom tyl&SdefESifh xdawGUae ygrl
awmifhcJoGm;Muavonf/ ,if;wkdYawmifhcJrIonf omref<uufom;awmifhwif;rI (Rigor mortis)
aMumifh awmifhwif;jcif;xuf ykdrkdrmavonf/ tyl&SdefaMumifhawmifhcJjcif;tm;jzifh ajcvufrsm;
auG;aumufonfhtajctaeokdY a&muf&SdoGm;wwfayonf/ okdYjzpfírD;avmif uRrf;jcif;cH&aom
tavmif;rsm;\ ajcqpfvufqpfwkdUukd tpOfauG;vsufawGU&avonf/
14/ omref<uufom;awmifhwif;jcif; (Rigor mortis) aMumifhaumufauG;aeaom <uufom;
rsm;ukdqGJqefYcsKd;zJhí&aomfvnf; tyl&SdefaMumihf awmihfcJoGm;aom<uufom;rsm;ukdrl qefYxkwf csKd;zJhí
r&Ekdifawmhacs /
15/ AkdYtm;BuD;rm;aomvQyfppf”mwfoifhíaoqkH;olrsm;wGifvQyfppf"mwftm;onf <uufom;rsm;
wpfavQmufjzwfoef;oGm;&m jyif;xefaom tyl&Sdefjzpfay:vmítxufyguJhokdY <uufom;rsm;
awmifhcJoGm;Muavonf/
tavmif;ykyfyGj cif; (Decomposition, Putrefaction)
16/ toufxGufNyD;jzpfaom cE¨mukd,fBuD;wpfckvkH;ukd ]]ykyfyGjcif;}} u ysufokH;oGm;apav onf/
]]ykyfyGjcif;}} onf toufaysmufNyD; ajymif;vJrltqifhqifhwGif aemufqkH;tqifhjzpf½kHru
toufxGufNyD;jzpfjcif;\ txif&Sm;qkH;aom vu©Pmcsufwpf&yfvnf;jzpfayonf/
17/ toufaysmufNyD;aom vl\ukd,fcE¨mtwGif;&Sd tlodrf? tlr? ponfh twGif;om;rsm;xJ
wGif wnf&Sdaom ]]ykd;rTm;rsm; x<uvIyf&Sm;rI}} (Bacterial activity)ESihf ]],if;wkdY x<uvIyf&Sm; pOf
ay:aygufvmaomtifZkdif;rsm;}} Enzymes uykyfyGjcif;ukd zefwD;ay;Muonf/ xkdrQru rId"mwf
(Aerobic fungi) ESihfavmufaumifrsm;wkdY\ y½kdwDvufwpf tifZkdif;rsm; (Protelytic enzymes)
uvnf; cE¨mukd,fBuD;ysufokOf;oGm;ap&ef taxmuftuljyKao;onf/
18/ cE¨mukd,fukdykyfyGapaom ykd;rGm;trsKd;tpm;rsm;rSm px&ufyfwdkaumukdif; (Streptococci)
pvpfzDvkdaumukdif;(Staphylococci) bufpvwfy½kdwD;,yfp(f Bacillus proteus) uavmpfx&'D,rf
0,f½Idif; (Clostridium welchii) ponfwkdYjzpfMuavonf /
19/ ykd;rsm;x<uvIyf&Sm;rIjzpfap&ef ]]a&"mwf}} ESihf ]]tyltat;rQwrI}} vkdtyfayonf/ rQw
aomtylcsdefqkdonfrSm 70 H zm&if[kdufESihf 100H zm&if[kdufwkdYtMum;wGif &Sdjcif;ukdqkdvkdonf/
okdYjzpfí tylcsdef 58 H zm&if[kduf xufavsmhenf;aom tajctaewGifaomfvnf;aumif;?
aoGUajcmufaom tajctaersm;wGifaomfvnf;aumif; ykd;rTm;vIyf&Sm;rIrsm; &yfwefYoGm;í ykyfyGjcif;
ay:aygufrvmawmhacs/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
20/ xkdYaMumifhrykyfokd;apvkdaomtcg a&cJpdrfjcif;? ykd;rTm;rsm;ukd aq;xkd;íowfypfjcif;?
ajcmufoGm;atmif tyl"mwfay;jcif; ponfwkdYukdjyKvkyfMuayonf-
(u) ykyfyGjcif;vu©P mrsm; / ykyfyGjcif;\a&SUajy;vu©Pmwpf&yfrSm tavmif;\
0rf;Akdufnmbuf atmufykdif;ae&mwGif pdrf;jymuGuf? pdrf;0guGufESihf aMu;eDa&mifrsm;
ay:aygufvmjcif; (greenish discolouration at Rt.iliac fossa) jzpfonf/
jrefrmjynf&moDOwkjzihfrlum; aoqkH;NyD;aemuf wpf&ufcGJ - ESpf&ufcefY tMumwGif
,if;okdYa&SUajy;ta&mifajymif;vJrIrsm;jzpfay:wwfayonf/ qufvufí aoG;rsm;
onfvnf; pwifykyfokd;vmonfESifhtnD vnfyif;? &ifbwf? vufarmif;wkdY wGif&Sdaom
aoG;aMumrsm;vnf; tNydKifNydKifxif&Sm;vmMuygonf (marbling of the skin)/ ,if;aoG;aMum
wkdYonf wjznf;jznf;ykdrkd xif&Sm;vmNyD; ukd,fcE¨mtESHYtjym;0,f pdrf;jyma&mif? pdrf;0ga&mifESihf
aMu;eDa&mif tuGufBuD;rsm; ay:aygufvmMuayonf/ wpfNydKifeufwnf;rSmyif
cE¨mukd,ftwGif;&Sd tlodrf? tlr ponf(viscera) uvDZmwkdYonfvnf; aMu;eDa&mifESihf
eDrnf;a&mifokdY ajymif;vJvmMu ayonf/ þtajctaeukdrlum; toufxGufoGm;NyD; 2-
&ufcGJ? 3-&ufcefYtMumwGif awGU&Sd&ayonf/
( c) rsufESmykdif;ajymif;vJjcif;rsm; / rsufpdrsm;jyL;xGufvmjcif;? vQmwpfvpfxGufvmjcif;?
yg;apmif;rsm;udkdif;xazmif;yGvmjcif; wkdYjzpfay:vmNyD; aemufqkH;wGif aqGrsKd;om;csif;wkdYyif
½kyf&nfrrSef;qEkdifawmhonhftoGifjyifrsKd; jzpfay:vm awmh\/ ykyfyGjcif;aMumifhvsmxGufjcif;
onfvnf; vnfyif;n§pfcH&jcif;ESihf ZGJBudK;cs aoqkH;jcif;wkdYaMumifh vQmxGufykHpHrsKd;ESihf
qifwl½kd;rSm; jzpfojzifh rrSm;atmifowdrloifhonf/xkdrQru ESmacgif;ESihf
yg;pyfaygufrsm;rSvnf; aoG;pGef;a&miftjr§Kyfrsm; yGufxvmMu\/ a&epf aojcif;?
tcsKdUaomtqdyfoifhíaojcif;? tcsKdUaoma&m*gaMumifh aojcif;rsm;wGifvnf; yg;pyfESihf
ESmacgif; rsm;rStjrK§yfrsm; xGufaewwf ojzifhykyfyGíxGufvmaom tjr§Kyfrsm;ESihf
rrSm;,Gif;oifhay/ tom;ta&rsm; aqG;ajrh&d&GJ aysmfusoGm;Buayawmhonf/
21/ txufygaoqHk;NyD;aemufaNymif;vJrIrsm;tay:tajccHjyD;aoqHk;csdeftm; tBurf;zsOf;
cefUrSef;Ekdifayonf-
(u) tpmtdrftwGif;&dS tpm;tpmudkMunfhíaoqHk;csdefudkcefYrSef;jcif;/ tavmif;\
0rf;AkduftwGif;&Sd tpmtm;jzifh aocsdefukdrSef;qEkdif&ef touf&SifpOfu aemufqkH;
tpmpm;csdef? pm;xm;aom tpm\yrmPESihf trsKd;tpm;? 0rf;AkdufESihfywfoufaom
a&m*gtajctae&Sd^r&Sd ponhftcsufrsm;ukd od&Sdxm;&ef vkdayonf/0rf;AkduftwGif;
tjynfhpm;xm;onhfomreftpm;tpmrsm;rSmum; 3-4 em&D cefYMumvQifyif
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
ukefcef;oGm;Muay\ (gastric emptying time)/ aoqHk;olwpfOD;tm; &ifcGJppfaq;&mwGif
tpmtdrftwGif; tpma[mif;rsm; (undigestive food) awGU&Sdygu 4if;onf
aemufqHk;tpmpm;jyD; 3-4em&DtwGif; aoqHk;aMumif;aumufcsufcsEdkifygonf/
(c) tlrBuD;twGif;&dSrpifrsm;ESifhqD;tdrftwGif;qD;&dS^r&dSudkMunfhjcif;tm;jzifh aoqHk;csdef
cefYrSef;jcif; (Bowel & Baldder Contents) / wpfcsKdUaomaoqHk;rIrsm;wGif
tlrBuD;twGif;rpifrsm;ESifh qD;tdrftwGif; qD;&dS^r&dSudk avhvmjcif; tm;jzifhaoqHk;csdeftm;
a,bk,scefYrSef;Edkifygonf/ Oyrm- nbuftdyf&mxJwGiftowfcH&aomtavmif; tm;
ppfaq;&müqD;tdrfwGif qD;tjynfhawG&dSygu towfcH&olonf tdyf&m0ifNyD;
tcsdeftawmfMumonf txdtouf&SifcJhonf[k aumufcsufcsEdkifygonf/
tb,faMumifhqdkaomfvlwdkif;eD;yg; tayghoGm;NyD;rS tdyf&m0ifwwfaom
tavhtusifh&dSaomaMumifhjzpfygonf/vlawmfawmfrsm;onf tdyf&mxcsdefeHeufydkif;
tav;oGm;onfhtavhtusifh&dSwwfMuygonf/ xdkaMumifhnydkif;wGif
&kwfw&ufaoqHk;aeaom tavmif;tm;ppfaq;&mü tlrBuD;twGif; rpifrsm;r&dSawmh ygu
aoqHk;olonf tdyf&mxNyD;csdef eHeufydkif;rS aoqHk;aMumif;cefUrSef; aumufcsufcs Edkifygonf/
22/ tarG;&SnfEIef; / EIwfcrf;arG;? rkwfqdwfarG;? qHyifarG; ponfwkdY\ aemufqkH;&dwfy,fcJhonfhtcsdefukd

od&Sd& vQifvnf; ]]tarG;&SnfEIef;}} rsm;t& aocsdefukdcefYrSef;Ekdifonf/ EIwfcrf;arG; ESihf rkwfqdwfarG;wkdY\
&SnfEIef;onf wpf&ufvQif wpfrDvDrDwmeD;yg;rQ&SnfxGufwwfMuNyD; qHyifarG;rSmrl xkdrQavmuf
&SnfxGuf&efwpfywfeD;yg; Mumjrihfwwfavonf/
23/ oG,f0dkufoufaorsm; (Circumstantial Evidence)/ 'PfjyKcH&csdefü wpfykid f;wpysufpD;
&yfwefYoGm;aom em&DudkMunfhjcif;tm;jzifh �'PfjyKcH&csdefaoqHk; csdeftm; tMurf;zsif;cefYrSef;Edkifygonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
a&epfaoqH k;jcif; (Drowning)
1/ þtcef;u@onfwyfrawmf&Sd q&m0efaq;rSL;rsm;twGuf vlwpfOD;wpfa,mufonf
trSefwu,fa&epfaoqHk;jcif;[kwf-r[kwf? a&epfaoqHk;jcif;[kwfvQifvnf; udk,fhudk,fudk
owfaojcif; (suicidal drowning) (odkY) rawmfwqaoqHk;jcif; (accidental drowning) ponfh
xifjrif,lqcsufrsm;ukdod&Sdem;vnfap&ef&nf&G,fí a&;om;&jcif;jzpfayonf/
2/ a&xJrSq,f,l&&Sdaomtavmif;awmfawmfrsm;rsm;onftrSefwu,fa&epfaoqHk;jcif;
r[kwfMuay/ txufygjzpf&yfrsm;wGif atmufygtcsufrsm;yg0ifaeayonf/ ¤if;wdkYrSm-
(u) a&xJodkYrusrDa&m*gaMumifhaoqHk;jcif;
(c) a&xJodkYusNyD;aemufa&m*gaMumifhaoqHk;jcif;
(*) a&xJodkYrusrD �'Pf&maMumifhaoqHk;jcif;
(C) a&xJodkYusNyD;aemuf �'Pf&maMumifhaoqHk;jcif;
(i) trSefwu,fa&epfaoqHk;jcif;r[kwfbJ ½kwfw&ufa&at;rsm; ta&jym;ay:
xdawGUjcif;ESifh 'Gg&aygufwdkYrS0ifvmojzifh ½kwfw&ufaoqHk;jcif;
(p) trSefwu,fa&epf aoqHk;jcif;
a&epfaoqHk;jcif;\ vu©P mrsm; (signs of drowning)
3/ a&epfaoqHk;jcif;\vu©Pm&yfrsm;onf a&epfrGef;aepOf Mumjrifhonfhtcsdefumv
ay:wGifrlwnfaeayonf/ a&epfNyD; csufcsif;aoqHk;&mü a&epfaoqHk;jcif;\ aocsmaom vu©Pm
&yfrsm;rxif&Sm;vSbJ a&epfaepOftcsdefMumjrifhav aoqHk;jcif;\vu©Pm&yfrsm; ydkrdkxif&Sm;
avyifjzpf\/
4/ a&epfaoqHk;jcif;\ oD;oefYvu©Pm&yfrsm;udk atmufygtwdkif;(2)ydkif;cJGjcm;tyfayonf-
(u) wdusaocsmrIr&Sdaomvu©Pmrsm;(presumptive signs)
(c) wdusaocsmaomvu©Pmrsm;(specific signs)[líjzpfonf/
wdusaocsmrIr &Sdaomvu©Pmrsm; (presumptive signs)
5/ a&epfaoqHk;aomtavmif;üyifjzpfap? aoqHk;NyD;rSa&wGifpGefYypfcH&aom tavmif;üyif jzpfap?
atmufazmfjyygwdusaocsmrIr&SdvSaomvu©Pmrsm;udkawGUjrifEkdifygonf-
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(u) tavmif;üa&rsm;pdkpGwfvsuf&SdNyD; em;&GuftwGif; ESmacgif;twGif;ESifhwuG
vufonf;? ajconf;wdkY\ tMum;üa&nd§? a&arSmftrdIufo½dkuf? EHk;ñGefponfwdkY
wG,fuyfaewwfjcif;/
(c) vufzsm;? ajczsm;wdkYüyJBuD;a&pdrfíyGaejcif;/ (Washerwoman’s hands)
(*) wpfudk,fvHk;üMuufoD;zkrsm; xaejcif;/ (Cutis anserina) (Goose skin)
(C) rsufcHGwpf0ufyGifhaewwfNyD;?oli,ftdrf (Pupil) rSmvnf; us,faewwfjcif;/
(i) rsufvHk;rsm;eD&Jaeonfhtajctae&Sdjcif;/
(p) a,muFsm;jzpfygu vdifwefESifh uyfy,ftdwfrsm;½IHUaejcif;/
wdusaocsmaomvu©Pmrsm; (specific signs)
6/ trSefwu,fa&epfaoqHk;aomtavmif;rsm;wGif atmufygwdusaocsmaom vu©Pm
azmfjycsufrsm; xif&Sm;aewwf\/ ,if;vu©Pmrsm;um; raoqHk;rDa&rGef;aecsdefMumjrifhav ydkrdkxif&Sm;avyif
jzpf\-
(u) ESmacgif;0ESifhyg;pyf0wdkYwGif tjr§K yfrsm;awGU&Sd&jcif; (fine, white,
tenacious, lathery froth) / ESvHk;a&m*g?
OD;aESmufa&m*gponfwdkYjzifhaoolrsm;wGifESmacgif;ESifh yg;pyf0wdkYü tjr§Kyfrsm;udk
awGU&wwfaomfvnf;? a&epfolwGifawGU&yHkESifhuGmjcm;avonf/ a&epfaoqHk;ol\
ESmacgif;ESifh yg;pyf0wdkYü awGU&onfhtjr§Kyfrsm;rSmao;i,fNyD; jzLqGwf (wpfcgwpf&H
yef;a&mifEk) aeonfhtjyif awmf½Hkwef½HkwdkYxdrd½HkrQjzifh ysufpD;yaysmufroGm;bJ
ckdifNrJpGmwnfaeEdkifMuay\/ ,if;wdkY\pkaygif; wnfaeyHkrSmESmacgif;ESifhyg;pyf0wdkYwGif
rdIyGifhBuD;yrm½Sdwwfayonf/ ,if;tjr§KyfpkBuD;udkzsufypfvdkuf apumrl &iftHkudkzdESdyfygu
tjr§Kyftopfrsm;onf rlvyHkoP²meftwdkif; jyefvnfjzpfay:vmEdkif ayonf/
xdktjr§Kyfrsm;udka&epfaoqHk;NyD;aemuf rMumrDtwGif;q,f,l&&Sdaom tavmif;rsm;ü
ydkrdkrsm;jym;pGmawGU&Sd&ay\/ rdIyGifhyHkoP²mefuJhodkY&Sdaeaomtjr§Kyfrsm;onf tcsdef
tawmftwef Mumonfhwdkifatmif qufvufwnfaeEdkifpGrf;&SdMu\/tjr§Kyfrsm;
ay:ayguf&onfhoabmrSma&epfpOfwpf0uf wpfysuf½SLoGif; vdkufrdaomav?
a&wdkYESifh av>yefBuD;i,frsm;rSxGufvmaomtcRJrsm; (Mucus) a&mpyfarTaESmuf
oGm;Muum tjr§Kyfrsm;jzpfay:vmMujcif;jzpfonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(c) oufaysmufNydKifeuf <uufom;awmifhwif;jcif; (Cadaveric spasm) tajctae
udk wpfcgwpf&HawGU&wwf\/ toufxGufpOf aMumufvefYjcif; BuD;pGmjzifh
udkufqJGrdaomjruf? EHk;
ponfwdkYudkvufrsm;twGif;wif;MuyfpGmqkyfudkifvsufawGU&wwf\/
xdkodkYawGUjcif;jzifh a&xJü toufxGufoljzpfaMumif; cdkifvHkpGm tqdkjyK Edkifayonf/
(*) aoolwGifawGU&aomyGef;yJh&Semrsm;onf ¤if;a&xJodkYuspOf&&SdEdkifaom 'Pf&myHkyef;
wpfpHkwpf&mESifhwlnDaevQif ,if;onfa&epfaoqHk;oljzpfaMumif; qufpyf
awG;,lEdkifav onf/touftwGufqJGrdqJG&m udkifqJGukwfjcpfrdjcif;aMumifh ol\
vufonf;rsm;twGif;0,fa&xJywf0ef;usif&Sdypönf;wdkY\ tptersm;
yg&Sdwwfonf/ Oyrm avSarSmufa&epfolonf ½kwfw&ufavSeHudk udkifqJGukwfjcpf
wwfay&m ol\vufonf;rsm;twGif;ü avSrSa&nd§p? opfom;p
wdkYyg&SdEdkifayonf/ ,if;tpte wdkYESifh avSeHwGifxifusefcJhrnfhjzpfonfh vufonf;
ukwfjcpf&m wdkYudkqufpyfqifjcifjcif;jzifh aoolonf wu,fa&epf aoqHk;oljzpfaMumif;
azmfxkwf Edkifayonf/
(C) av>yefacsmif;BuD;i,frsm;twGif;wGif (ESmacgif;ESifhyg;pyf0rsm;üawGU&onfh)
tjr§Kyfrsm; (fine, white, tenacious froth) awGU&jcif;?
vnfyif;&Sdav>yefacsmif;twGif;
tjr§Kyfrsm;jynfh0vsuf&Sdayonf/tjr§Kyfrsm;xif&Sm;pGmrawGU&ygrl av>yefacsmif;
twGif;om;wpfavQmufudk vufrjzifhjcpfqJGaumfxkwfMunfhjcif;tm;jzifh tjr§Kyfrsm;
&SdaMumif;udkawGU&SdEdkifayonf/
(i) av>yefacsmif;BuD;i,frsm;twGif;wGif a&xJ&Sdjruf? EHk;? a&nd§ ponfh trIef;trTm;
tptersm; a&muf&SdaeaMumif;awG&wwf\/ ,if;av>yefrsm;rS&&SdaomtrIeftrTm;
tptewdkYudk tavmif;awGU&aom a&xJywf0ef;usifae&mrsm;&Sd jruf? EHk;? a&nd§
ponfhwdkY [kwfr[kwf aocsmpGmwdkufqdkifppfaq;&ayrnf/
(p) a&xJüwnfaeavh&Sdaom a&ñSd (Diatom, unicellular algae) rsm;udk
av>yefBuD;i,f wdkYtwGif;awGU&Sd&onf/ xdkrQru ,if;wdkYonfav>yefrsm;rSwqifh
tqkwfwGif;odkY? tqkwfwGif;rS wqifhaoG;xJodkYa&muf&SdNyD; a&epfaoqHk;ol\ tonf;?
ausmufuyf ponfrsm;udk a&muf½SdEdkifí ppfaq;Munfh½Iygrl
'dkif,mwrfwdkYudkawGU½SdEdkifayonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(q) tqkwfazmif;yGjcif; (Balloning) udkvnf; awGY&\/ tqkwfrsm;onf
azmif;yGaeojzifh rdrdwdkY\a&SUpGef;tcsif;csif; xdpyfzHk;tkyfoGm;avh&Sd½HkrQru
ESvHk;om; udkyifzHk;tkyfaewwf avonf (Overlaping) or (juxtaposition of
both lungs)/tqkwfrsm;yGazmif; vmjcif;aMumifh eH½dk;rsm;udkwGef;uefrdjcif;tm;jzifh
tqkwfay:wGifeH½dk;zdñ§yf&mrsm; (rib impression marks) ay:vGifaewwf\/
yGazmif;aeonfhtqkwfrsm;udk vufacsmif;jzifh zdESdyfMunfhrnfqkdvQif
(&GUHap;cJudkvufjzifhzdESdyfMunfhouJhodkY) (doughy to feel) ap;xef; aysmhpdaom
tawGUudk &&SdrnfjzpfNyD; vufudkjyefí½kwfonfhwdkiftqkwfwGif tcsdef
tawmfMumpGm zdESdyf&musefcJhrnf jzpf\/ yGazmif;vmaomtqkwf\tav;csdefESifh
t&G,fyrmPwdkYonf rlvxuf (2)qeD;eD;rQ &Sdaewwfayonf/ teDa&mifESifh
tkef;cHGa&mif tuGufrsm;xvsuf &Sdonf udkvnf;awGU&\/tqkwfudkjzwfvSD;NyD;
vufjzifhn§pfMunfhygrl jzwfvSD;&m rSaoG;jr§Kyfrsm; xGufvmonfudkawGU&rnf/
(Z) a&epf&mywf0ef;usifa&xkrS trdIufo½dkuftptersm;udk a&epfol\ tpmtdrf
0rf;AdkuftwGif;ESifhwuGtlodrf\ tpydkif;wdkYtwGif;awGU&Sd&wwf\/ txufyg
vu©Pm csufrsm;udkawGU&Sd&ygu a&epfaoqHk;onf[k qHk;jzwfEkdifjim;aomfvnf;
,if;vu©Pmcsufrsm;udkrawGU&ygrl a&epfíaoqHk;jcif;r[kwf[lí rqHk;jzwfoifhacs/
taMumif;rl a&xJodkYusoGm;epfjr§KyfpOfrSmyif csufcsif;toufaysmufolrsm;tzdkY
txufygvu©Pmcsufrsm; ay:vGifEdkifrnfr[kwfaom aMumihfaywnf;/
a&xJrS&aomtavmif;ü qdkcJhNyD;onfhwdusaom aocsmaomvu©Pm rsm;udkaomf
vnf;aumif;? aoavmufaoma0'ema&m*gtajctae wpfpHkwpf&maomf
vnf;aumif;? aoavmufonfh'Pf&m'Pfcsufrsm;udkaomfvnf;aumif; rawGU&Sd
&ygrl xdktavmif;udka&epf aoqHk;aomtavmif;[lí ,lq&ef om&Sd ayonf/
a&xJü ykyfvsufawGU&onfht avmif;ESifha&epfonfhvu©Pmrsm;
6/ ykyfyGaeaomtavmif;\ ESmacgif;ESifhyg;pyfrsm;ü aoG;pGef;jr§Kyf (blood stained froth)
rsm;xGufay:vsuf&SdonfudkawGU&\/ a&epfaojcif;\ wdusaocsmaomvu©Pm&yftaejzihf
azmfjycJhaomtjr§Kyfrsm;um; tavmif;ykyfyGcsdefüyaysmufoGm;cJhNyD; jzpfMuavonf/
7/ xdkrQruykyfyGaeaomtavmif;rsm;ü vnfyif;½Sdav>yeft0onf yGihfum;vsuf&Sdae\/
vdIif;½dkufcwfpOf a&wdk;0ifrIaMumihf a&xJwGifyg0ifaom trIdufo½dkuf tpteuav;rsm;onf
yGihfaeonhfvnfyif;½Sd av0if>yefrSwpfqihf a&ESihftwlav>yefacsmif;rsm;wGif;odkY a&muf&SdMu
avonf/ odkYjzpf&mykyfyGaomtavmif;\ av>yefacsmif;rsm;twGif; awGU&onhf trIdufo½dkuf
tpte uav;rsm;tm;jzihf a&epfaojcif;\ wdusaocsmaomvu©Pmcsufwpf&yf[lí ,lq
jcif;iSmroihfay/ odkY&mwGif vdIif;½dkufcwfpOf wdk;0ifonhfa&ESihftwlyg&Sdaom trIdufo½dkuf
tptersm;onfrlum;? ykyfyGaeol\ tqkwfwGif;&Sdav>yefacsmif; tao;trTm;rsm;wdkif
a&muf&SdEdkif&efcJ,Of;ayonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
8/ ykyfyGaeaomtavmif;\udk,fay:ü awGU&Sd&onhf �'Pf&m'Pfcsufrsm; ('Pf&m\
wnfae&mESihf t&G,ftpm;yHkyef;oP²meft&raorD&&Sdonf[k,lqEkdif&rnf) onf aoapavmuf
atmifjyif;xefonhf 'Pf&mtajctaersKd;jzpfygvQif ,if;tavmif; onfa&epfaoqHk; aom
tavmif;[lír,lqEdkifacs/
9/ a&xJüykyfvsufawGU&aomtavmif;onf a&epfaoqHk;aomtavmif;[lí a&wGif
pGefYypfxm;jcif;avm? rawmfwqa&epfaoqHk;jcif;avmqdkonfudk wduspGmxkwfazmfEkdif&ef
aoqHk;ol\ touf? t0wftpm; qif,ifrItajctae? 0wfqifxm;onhf vuf0wfvufpm;
aysmuf&SrI tajctae? rk'drf;usihfcH&onhftajctae? a&m*ga0'emtajctae? ajcvufponf
wdkYwGif BudK;csnfxm;onhf tajctae? 'Pf&m'Pfcsuf&Sd-r&Sdtajctae? a&epfaomae&mESihf
tavmif;awGU&m ywf0ef;usif\ tajctae? udk,fa&;orkdif; ponfwdkYudk wdusa&&mpGm pl;prf;
prf;oyfppfaq;oihfayonf/
BudK ;qGJcsaoqHk;rIESifhvnfyif;npfa oqHk;rIrsm;(Hanging and strangulation)
1/ BudK ;qGJcsaojcif; (Hanging)(udk,ftav;csdefa Mumihfvnfyif;&SdqGJB udK ;wGif n§pftm;
jzpfa y:umaoqHk;jcif;)/ qGJBudK;csaojcif;jzpfajrmuf&efrSm vlonf ajcvGwfwGJavmif;us raeonf
yifjzpfap umrl vnfyif;üzspfn§pftm; tvHktavmufpGmoufa&mufapEdkifonhf
taetxm;rsKd;ü&SdvQif toufaoqHk;Edkif ayonf/
2/ wpfcgwpf&H xdkifvsuftaetxm;rsKd;jzihf qGJBudK;csaoqHk;rIrsm;udkawGY&wwfay&m qGJBuKd;cs
aoonf[k ,HkEdkifp&myifr&Sdapumrl trSefwpfu,fqGJBudK;csaoqHk;jcif;jzpfayonf/
3/ qGJB udK ;cs&mwGifa oqHk;&efvdktyfa omtm;/ qGJBudK;csjcif;jzihf toufxGuf&efrSm
trsm;,lqxm;MuouJhodkY vnfyif;BudK;zspftm; rsm;pGmrvdkyJ tenf;i,frQaomzspftm;&SdvQif
yifjynhfpHkvkHavmufEkdifayonf/ okawoejyK csuft&qdkvQif av;aygif (4-aygif)cefYrQaom
BudK;zspftm;onf vnfyif;aoG;jyefaMumBuD;rsm; (jugular veins)udk ydwfqdkYoGm;apEdkifaMumif;od&\/
(8)aygifrS (10)aygiftxd&Sdaom BudK;zspf tm;onf vnfyif;&SdaoG;ydkYaMum (Common carotid
artery) udk ydwfqdkYapEdkifNyD;? 33 aygif cefYrQaomBudK;zspftm;onf av0ifaMumif; (Trachea)udk
ydwfqdkYapEdkifNyD; aygif (60)cefY&Sd BudK;zspftm;onf vnfyif;½dk;twGif;&SdOD;aESmufaoG;ydkYaMum
(Vertebral arteries) udk ydwfqdkY apEdkifonf/ zufvSJwuif; w&if;wESD;vufqGJEIwfqufpOf
vufqkwftm;onf BudK;zspftm; taeESihfEIdif;pmMunhfygu BudK;zspftm; (5)aygifrS
(10)aygifcefYrQ&SdEdkifavonf/ odkYjzpfojzihfvlYudk,ftav;csdef wpfckvHk;ESihftrQ
aygifcsdefpD;aeaomBudK;zspftm;aMumihf vlwpfa,muf\ touf xGufoGm;&ef rnfrQvG,fulaMumif;
csihfcsdefEdkifayonf/
qGJB udK ;csola oqHk;&jcif;taBumif;t&if;rsm; (Causes of death in hanging)
4/ OD;aESmufwGifa oG;pktdkifj cif; (Cerebral congestion) / MudK;jzpftm;aMumifh vnfyif;&Sd
OD;aESmufaoG;jyefaMumBuD; (obstruction of external jugular veins) ydwfqdkYoGm;NyD;
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
OD;aESmuftwGif; aoG;pktdkifum atmufqD*sifukefcrf;oGm;jcif;aMumifh owdvpfarhajrm
toufaoqHk;&jcif;jzpfonf/
5/ OD;aESmufwGifa tmufqD*sifj ywfa wmufj cif; (Cerebral anoxia)/
rsm;pGmaomqGJBudK;cs aojcif;rsm;onf OD;aESmufaoG;ydkYaMum (obstruction of common carotid
artery) ydwfqdkYjcif;aMumifh jzpfonf/ OD;aESmufaoG;ydkYaMumBuD;rsm;rSm txufazmfjy cJhNyD;aom
BudK;zspftm; tenf;i,frQavmufjzihf yifydwfqdkYoGm;Edkif\/ aoG;ydkYaMumydwfonfESihf wpfNydKifeuf
atmufqD*sif "mwfjywfoGm;NyDjzpf&m vlvnf;owdvpfarhajrmoGm;um OD;aESmuf ysufoGm;jcif;aMumihf
rMumrD toufaysmufoGm;&awmh\/
6/ vnfyif;&Sda v0ifvrf;aMumif;ydwfqdkYj cif; (Asphyxia)/ qGJBudK;cs&mwGif
udk,ftav;csdefaMumifh MudK;uGif;onfrsm;aomtm;jzifh vnfyif;txuf ydkif;(pvkyfESifhar;aphMum;)odkY
a&GUwufoGm;jyD; vQm&if;ae&mudk zdydwfvmjcif;aMumifh vQm&if;onf av0ifaygufudkydwfqdkUxm;vdkufonf/
4if;tjyif vQm&if;txufbufodkU jrifhwufoGm;jcif; aMumifh (epiglottics) onftzHk;ydwfouJhodkU
av0ifvrf;aMumif;udk vHk;0ydwfqdkUvdkufojzifh aoqHk;&jcif;jzpfayonf/
7/ vnfyif;&kd;usKd;jyD;aoqHk;jcif; (Fracture or dislocation of cervical
vertebra)/xdkuJhodkUaoqHk;jcif;rsKd;udk MudK;ay;towfcH&olrsm;wGifawGU&avh&Sdonf/ tcsKdUBudK;qGJcs
olrsm;onf vnfyif;wGif MudK;uGif;csnfvsuf tjrifhrSckefcswwf&mxdkuJhodkU vnfyif&kd;uskdK;aoqHk; wwfayonf/
rsm;aomtm;jzifhvnfyif;&kd;eHygwf(2)ESifh(3)Mum;ae&mwGifaomfvnf;aumif;? vnfyif;&kd; eHygwf(3)
ESifh(4)Mum;ae&mwGifaomfvnf;aumif;? usKd;jcif;rsm;awGU&Sd&ayonf/
8/ aA*,ftaMum (Vagus nerve) ydnSyfa oqHk;jcif; (Vagal inhibition) / &kwfw&uf
ydnSyfrIaMumifh vnfyif;&SdaA*,ftaMum (Vagus nerve) odkr[kwf ua&mh wpftzk (Carotid
body) wdkhudkxdcdkufoGm;jyD; ESvHk;ckef&yfaoqHk;jcif;jzpfayonf/
qGJB udK ;wef;vef;ESihfaoqHk;aejcif;
9/ þodkYaomtavmif;wdkYwGifcE¨mudk,f\ edrfhaomae&m (vufzsm;? ajczsm; ponf) wdkYü

aoG;xdkifuGuf (Hypostatic staining) rsm;udkawGUMu&\/ yg;pyfa'gifhpGef;rS wHawG;rsm;
pD;usjcif;aMumihfar;zsm;ay:wGif ayusHvsufvnf;aumif;? tavmif;\ atmufwnhfwnhfMurf;jyifay:
tdkifxGef;vsuf vnf;aumif;awGUMu&\/a,mufsm;wefqmonfvnf;aoG;pktkdifjcif;aMumihf
toihftwihf axmifrwf aeonfudkawGU&\/ wpfcgwpf&H okwfxGufaewwfonfudkvnf;
awGU&wwf\/ csnfxm;aomBudK; (ligature) udkawGU&Sd&rnf/ BudK;onf tkef;qHBudK;? avxD;BudK;?
cg;ywf? t0wfp? EkdifvGefBudK; ponfwpfckckjzpfayrnf/ wpfcgwpf&HBudK; wpfrsKd;wpfpm;wnf;
r[kwfbJ&wwforQBudK; (3-4)rsKd;udk qufpyftoHk;jyKxm;wwf\ (Compound ligature)/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
10/ vnfyif;&SdBudK;udkuGif;avsm (running noose) odkYr[kwftao (fixed knot)
csnfaESmifwwfMu\/ wpfcgwpf&Hxl;jcm;pGmxHk;aESmif&pfywfxm;onfudkvnf;awGU&\/ þodkY
xl;jcm;pGmxHk;aESmifyHkwdkYaMumihf wpfcgwpf&HaoqHk;ol\ tvkyfudkyifcefYrSef;azmfxkwfEdkifavonf/
txl;owdjyK&efrSm csnfaESmifxm;aomBudK;onf rdrdudk,fwdkifyifcsnfoavm? odkYwnf;r[kwf
tjcm;wpfa,mufa,mufu csnfjcif;avm[lí od&Sdapoihf\/ BudK;xHk; (knot) onf trsm;tm;jzihf
vl\*kwfydk;buf odkYwnf;r[kwf vnfyif;\wpfbufbufwGif&Sdwwfayonf/ BudK;xHk;r&SdyJ
BudK;oufoufcsnf;jzihfaoqHk;&jcif;rsKd;udkvnf; wpfcgwpf&H awGU&wwf\/ BudK;uGi;f rsm;udk rsm;aom tm;jzihf
(80%) pvkwftay:ydkif;ESihf ar;aphatmufyg;apmifMum;rsm;wGif wnf&Sdaeonfudk awGU&wwf\/ pvkwftay:
wnhfwnfhrSjzwfíBudK;qGJcsaojcif;udkvnf; wpfcgwpf&H (15%cefY) awGUMu&wwf\/ pvkwfatmufrSmrlum;
tenf;tusOf; (5%cefYrQ)omawGU&ayonf/ pvkwf atmufü BudK;a&muf&Sdaewwfjcif;rSm
pvkwfBuD;rm;plxGufoljzpfjcif;aMumihfvnf;aumif;? uGif;avsmBudK; (Running noose) onf
csufjcif;wif;MuyfrdoGm;um txufodkYra½GUwuf Ekdifawmhjcif;aMumihfaomfvnf;aumif; jzpfwwfay\/
11/ rsm;aomtm;jzihf qGJBudK;csolrsm;onf rsufESmusufwef;rsm;wGifaomfvnf;aumif;? wHcg;
abmifrsm;wGifaomfvnf;aumif;? wHcg;csdwfrsm;aomfvnf;aumif;? avSum;wuftxufaomf vnf;aumif;?
opfudkif;rsm;aomfvnf;aumif; BudK;csnfaESmifavh&SdMuayonf/ BudK;csnfrnhfae&m onf
tawmftwefjrihfaevQif aowåmcGH? cHk ponhfwufp&mrsm;jzihf vSrf;ícsnfaESmifMuonfudk
vnf;awGU&\/ BudK;qGJcsaool\vufwGif BudK;rStptetrIeftrTm;rsm;udkaomfvnf;aumif;?
rsufESmusuf wef; ponfhwdkYü BudK;csnfaESmifpOf ,if;ae&mwdkYrSmzkefrIefYrsm;? yihfultdrftptersm;
udkaomf vnf;aumif;awGU&wwf\/
12/ vnfyif;wGif&SdaomBudK;udkajzMunhfvQif vnfyif;üBuKd;&m (ligature mark) udkxif&Sm;pGm
awGU&rnfjzpf\/ xdkBudK;&mwGiftoHk;jyKaomBudK;trsKd;tpm;\ yHkwlt&myifjzpfayonf/ tkef;qHBudK;
uJhodkYaom Murf;wrf;onhfBudK;rsKd;udkoHk;ygrlBudK;&mudkxif&Sm;pGm (prominent) awGUjrif&rnfjzpfNyD;
t0wfpuJhodkYaomBudK;qdkvQif (broad and inprominent) rsm;pGmrxif&Sm;wwfay/ BudK;jzKwfp
tcsdefwGif vnfyif;&SdBudK;&monf rsm;pGmrxif&Sm;ao;yJ
BudK;jzKwfNyD;aemuftawmfMumjrihfvmvQifajcmufaoGUoGm;ojzihf ydkrdkxif&Sm;vmonf/ BudK;&monf
om;a&uJhodkYrmaMumwif;ajymif (perchmentization) um yuwdtom;xJodkY epf0ifaeayonf/
BudK;ao;onftwGif;odkYydkrdk pl;0ifepfjrKyfavjzpf\/
13/ BudK;&monf xHk;aESmifzGJUyHktvdkuf ay:vGifxif&Sm;wwfonf/ uGif;avsmxHk; (running
noose) jzpfygrl vnfyif;ywfvnfwGif BudK;&mawmufavQmufawGU&wwfonf (Complete, circular
ligature mark with knot impression mark)/ BudK;xHk;tao (fixed knot) jzpfygrl
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
vnfyif;ywfvnfwGifBudK;&m awmufvQmufr½SdbJ jywfawmufaewwfonf/ (incomplete ligature
mark) rsm;aomtm;jzihfBudK;&monf t*Fvdyf (V) aZmufxdk;yHkoP²mef (inverted V shape)
&Sdwwfonf/txufazmfjyygBudK;&mESihfoufqdkifonhfvu©Pmcsufrsm;onf yuwdqGJBudK;csjcif;
wGifvnf; xdktwdkif;yifjzpfNyD; aoqHk;NyD;oltm; BudK;qGJcsnfaESmifvQifvnf; þenf;twdkif;yifBudK;&m
rsm; ay:vGifaernfjzpfay\/
14/ qGJBudK;cspOf toufxGufaES;olrsm;üum; BudK;&m\tay:atmuf wpfbufwpfcsufü
aoG;ajcOrsm;ay:vmwwfonf/ wpf½SL;wkHYjyefcsuf (Vital reaction) udkvnf; awGUEkdifayonf/
wGJavmif;qGJvsufawGU&aomvlaoonf trSefwpfu,fBudK;qGJcsaoqHk;jcif;[kwf-r[kwfudk tqdkyg
aoG;ajcOrsm;ESihf wpf½SL;wkYHjyefrIrsm;t&qHk;jzwfEdkifay\/ ,if;wdkYudkawGU&ygrl trSefqGJBudK;csaojcif;
\ vu©Pmcsuf[lí ,lq&ef &Sday\/ aoG;ajcOESihf wpf½SL;wkHYjyefrIudk rawGU&ygvQifvnf; BudK;qGJcs
aojcif;r[kwf[lír,lqEdkifacs/ taMumif;rlBudK;qGJcspOf toufxGufjrefolrsm;ü aoG;ajcOESihf
wpf½SL;wkHYjyefrIudk rawGU&aomaMumihfjzpfay\/rsufESmtygt0if
BudK;&m\txufydkif;om;rsm;onfvnf; ndKrJjyma&mifxaeonfudkawGU&\/
vnfyif;\twGif;om;jzpfaom aoG;ajcOtajctae jzpfay: vmonfudkawGU&\/ ,if;
tajctaeudkrl qGJBudK;csolwdkif;üawGU&jcif; r[kwfay/ qGJBudK;cs&mwGif pvkwf½dk; usKd;onfudkrlum;
awGU&Sd&efcJ,Of;vS\/
15/ qGJBudK;jzihfwGJavmif;usvsuf&Sdaomtavmif;rsm;udkawGU&wdkif; ,if;tavmif;onf
(1)trSef wu,fqGJBudK;csaoqHk;jcif;avm? (2) aoqHk;NyD;rStavmif;udkcsnfqGJxm;jcif;avm? (3)
tu,fí trSefwu,fqGJBudK;csaoqHk;jcif;jzpfcJhaomf rdrdukd,fwdkifqGJBudK;csowfaojcif;avm
odkYwnf;r[kwf rawmfwqqGJBudK;csrdouJhodkYjzpfíaojcif;avm? odkYwnf;r[kwf
qGJBudK;cstowfcH&jcif;avm[lí qHk;jzwf&efvdkayonf/ þodkYqHk;jzwf&mwGif txufazmfjyyg
vu©Pmcsufrsm;tm;vHk;ESihfwuG tavmif;\ywf0ef;usiftaetxm;rsm;udkyg aygif;½Hk;qifjcifNyD;
qHk;jzwftyfayonf/
rSwfcsuf/ qGJB udK ;csaorIrsm;wGif &mEIef;jynhfa vmufeD;eD;yif rdrdudk,fudk,fowfa ojcif;
jzpfa Mumif; awGUMu&avonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
vnfyif;n§pfa ojcif; (Strangulation)
16/ udk,ftav;csdefaMumihf r[kwfyJvnfyif;ay:odkYzspftm; oufa&mufaoqHk;jcif;rsKd;yif
jzpfonf/ ,if;odkYaomzspftm;rsKd;udkvufjzihfvnf;aumif;? BudK;jzihfvnf;aumif;? tjcm;aom
t&m0w¬Kwpfckckjzihfvnf;aumif; &&SdEdkifayonf/ BudK;tm;jzihfn§pftm; ay:aygufaoqHk; apjcif;udk
Ligature Strangulation [kac:NyD; vufjzihfn§pftm; ay:aygufaoqHk;apjcif;udkrl Throttling
[kac:\/ wHawmifqpfauG;Mum;wGifvnfyif;udkoGwfoGif;NyD; zspfn§pfaoqHk; apjcif;udk Mugging
[kac:\/
BudK ;jzihfzspfn§pfcH&rIaMumihfa oqHk;onhftavmif;wGifa wGU&Sd&csufrsm;
17/ þodkYaoqHk;olrsm;wGifBudK; ponfjzihfzspfn§pfxm;onhfae&m\ txufydkif;wpfavQmufü
ndKrJjyma&mifxaeonf/ rsufESmtom;ta&rsm;onfwif;wif;&if;&if; &Sdae½HkrQru rsufpdrsm;
jyL;xGufumoGm;rsm;tMum; vQmwpfvpfxGufaeonfudkawGU&wwfay\/ rsufjzLtdrftwGif;ESihf wuG
yg; ponhf rsufESmae&mwpf0dkufwGif aoG;Opufrsm; (marked congestion) xGufay:
aeonfudkvnf;awGU&ay\/ txufyguJhodkYawGU&Sd&csufrsm;rSm aoG;jyefaMumBuD;ydwf½kHrQ zspfn§pf
cH&olwdkYwGifawGY&jcif;jzpfay\/vnfyif;tpfaoqHk;olrsm;wGifBudK;ponfwdkYudkvnfyif;&Sd
pvkwfatmufae&mwGif aomfvnf;aumif;? pvkwfay:wnhfwnhfwGifaomfvnf;aumif; awGU&ay\/
BudK;udkwpfywfaMumh odkYr[kwf 2-ywf? 3-ywfaMumhcsnfaESmifvsufawGY&wwf½Hkru
taocsnfaESmifxm;rIrsm; udkvnf;awGU&wwf onf/ BudK;udkvnf; vnfyif;wpfavsmufnDnmpGm uefYvefY
0ef;ywf (transversely across) csnfaESmifvsuf awGU&ayonf/
BudK ;csnf&m
18/ BudK;&mxifusefrIonf BudK;trsKd;tpm;ay:wGifrlwnfay\/ toHk;jyKaomBudK;onf
tkef;qHBudK;? 0g,mBudK;uJhodkY Murf;wrf;rmaMumvQifBudK;&mydkíxif&Sm;NyD; (prominent ligature
mark) t0wfpESihf ydk;jcnfpuJhodkYaysmhaysmif;El;nHhaomBudK;jzpfvQifBudK;&m rxif&Sm;vSacs
(inprominent ligature mark)/ El;nHhaomBudK;rsKd;jzihfvlwpfOD;udkaoavmuf½HkrQ zspfn§pf vdkufNyD;
toufxGufonfESihf wpfNydKifeufBudK;udkjyefvnfjzKwfypfvdkufrnfqdkyguBudK;&m vHk;0
xifusefrnfr[kwfojzihf vnfyif;tpf aoqHk;onf[k ,lq&efyifcufcJayvdrfhrnf/
19/ a,bk,stm;jzihfqGJBudK;csaojcif;rSmuJhodkYyifBudK;&monfaoNyD; tawmftwefMumygu
om;a&uJhodkYrmaMumwif;ajymifumyuwdtom;xJodkY epf0ifaewwf\/ vnfyif;udkzspfn§pf pOfwGif
zspfn§pftm;udkvdktyfonfxufydkvGeftoHk;jyKMuavh&Sdojzihfxif&Sm;aomBudK;&mwGifawGU&onfcsnf;yifj
zpfay\/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
wpfcgwpf&Hvnfyif;tpfaoqHk;ap&eftoHk;jyKonfBudK;? wkwfponhf t&m0w¬Krsm;udk ukd,fay:wGif
rawGU&SdEdkifapumrlxifusef&pfaomt&maMumifh zspfn§pfvkyf BuHaMumif; rSef;qEdkifavonf/
20/ BudK;&monfqGJBudK;csjcif;rSmuJhodkYvnfaphtxufydkif;wGifwnf&Sdaeavhr&SdbJvnfaph\
atmufydkif;wGifawGU&rsm;ayonf/ BudK;&m\ vrf;aMumif;onfqGJBudK;csjcif;rSmuJhodkY (V)
aZmufxdk;yHkoP²mef r[kwfbJ vnfyif;ywfvnfwpfavQmufnDnmpGm uefYvefY0ef;ywf
(transversely across)wnf&Sdvsuf awGU&ay\/ qGJBudK;csjcif;wGifjywfawmufBudK; &mudkawGY
&SdEkdifaomfvnf; BudK;jzihfvnfyif;n§pfjcif;wGifrlum; BudK;&mwpfqufwnf; (prominent, complete,
circular ligature mark) udkomawGY&avh&Sdayonf/vkyfBuHcH&olonfowd&Sd
aepOfBudK;udkBudK;pm;wGef;z,f ojzihfBudK;&mywf0ef;usifü vufonf; ukwfjcpf&mrsm; udkvnf;(scratch
marks)awGUEdkifay\/ þodkYukwfjcpf&mrsKd;udk awGU &yguaool\ vufonf;wGifaoG;p?
ta&jym;prsm; &Sd-r&Sdudkvnf; ppfaq; Munhf½Ioihfay\/
vufj zihfvnfy if;n§p fj cif; (Throttling)
21/ vufzspftm;aMumihfvnfyif;n§pfaoqHk;rIrsm;rSmvlowfrIrsm; jzpfMuavonf/ txl;
ojzihf arG;puav;i,frsm;? uav;oli,frsm;ESihft&uform;rsm;udk þenf;jzihf owfjzwf
&efvG,fulay\/ þudpörsKd; jzpfay:yHkrSmtrsm;tm;jzihfBudKwifjyifqifrIr&SdbJ ½kwfw&uf a'gojzihf
vnf;aumif;? BuH&mr&jzpfrIaMumihfvnf;aumif;? ½kwfjcif;owfjzwfjcif; rsKd;rsm;jzpf\/ rk'drf;rIrsm;
wGifvnf; tusihfcH&ol\ atmf[pf½kef;uefrIrsm;udk [efYwm;&if; vnfyif;n§pfrIrsm;
ay:aygufavh&Sd\/
22/ rawmfwqvnfyif;n§pfrIaMumihfaoqHk;jcif;rsm;vnf; &Sdwwf\/ wpfOD;ESihfwpfOD; upm;
usDq,ftcspfprf;&if; vnfyif;udkzspfn§pfMu&mwGifua&mwpftzkudk ½kwfw&uf xdcdkuf'Pfjzpfap
NyD;csufjcif; ESvHk;ckef&yfpJumaoqHk;oGm;Edkif\/
vufj zihfvnfy if;n§p fc H& íaool\ tavmif;wGifawGY&Sdcsufrsm;
23/ þodkYaoqHk;olrsm;\ vnfyif;wGifvufn§pf&mcsnf;omawGU&\/ zspfn§pftm;udkvdktyf
onfxufydkrdktoHk;jyKavh&Sdojzihf {uefyifvufn§pf&mjzpfaMumif;udk xif&Sm;pGmawGU& avh&Sd onf/
vufn§pf&monfum;zspfn§pfukwfjcpfrdjcif;rsm; (curved finger nail scratches)
ESihfzspfn§pftm;aMumihf ay:aygufvm&aomaoG;ajcOt&mrsm; (small rounded discrete bruises
by pad of fingers) yifjzpfayonf/
24/ zspfn§pf&m yHkyef;oP²mefonf n§pfpOfuvufaetxm;twdkif;yif&SdNyD; vufonf;

ae&mrsm; wGifvjcrf;0dkif;yHk ukwfjcpf&mrsm;udkawGU&\/ vl\ausmbufrSaeívuf (2)bufjzihf
zspfn§pfcJhaomfvufr}&monf *kwfydk;bufwGif&SdNyD; vufacsmif;ukwf&m rsm;onf vnfaph
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
bufwGif&Sdayrnf/ vl\ta&SUbufrSn§pfvQifrlum;? ]vufr}&mrsm;onf vnfaphbufwGif
&SdNyD;vufacsmif;ukwf&mrsm;onf *kwfydk;bufwGif&Sdaeayvdrhfrnf/ vufwpfbufwnf;jzihf n§pfvQifrl
vnfacsmif;\ wpfbufwGif ]vufr}&mudkawGUrnfjzpfNyD; tjcm;wpfbufü vufacsmif;av;ck\
zspfn§pf&m? ukwfjcpf&mrsm;udk awGU&ayrnf/ vufacsmif;zspfn§pf&mrsm; atmuf½Sdtom;onfvnf;
twGif;ususaewwfayonf/
25/ rsm;aomtm;jzihfvnfacsmif;\ atmufbufrSonftay:bufodkYyihfín§pfjcif;rsKd;udk
tawGUrsm;\/ þodkYyifn§pfjcif;aMumihfta&jym;ay:&Sdzspfn§pf&monf atmufbufodkY a&mufaeNyD;
vnfacsmif;twGif; 'Pf&monftxufbufwGif&Sdaewwfay\/
ckc Hp Of& &SdEdkifaom 'Pf& mrsm;
26/ vnfyif;tpfaoqHk;rIrsm;wGifaoolonfrdrd\ vnfyif;udkzspfn§pfcH&pOfzspfn§pfaom
t&m0w¬Kudk wGef;z,fypfjcif;aMumihfvnfyif;üukwfjcpf'Pf&mrsm;&Ekdif½Hkomru cE¨mudk,ftjcm;
'Pf&mrsm;üvnf; ckcH'Pf&mrsm; &&SdEdkifayao;onf/ Oyrm - vlowform;onf udk,fay:odkY
wufa&mufum 'l;jzihf&ifywfudkzdESdyfNyD; vnfrsKdudkn§pfjcif;rsKd;ü &ifywfwGif 'Pf&m'Pfcsufrsm;
&&Sdonfudk awGU&SdEdkif\/
tqdyfaA' (Toxicology)
1/ þtcef;u@onf wyfrawmf&Sd q&m0efaq;rSL;rsm;twGuf tqdyfESihf ywfoufonfh
vu©Pmrsm;ESihf tqdyf\ oabmobm0rsm;ukd od&Sdap½kHomru rnfonhftqdyfqkdvQif
bmvkyf&rnf ponfhtcsufrsm;ukd od&Sdap&eftwGuf &nf&G,fa&;om;&jcif;jzpfayonf/
2/ tqdyf (poison) ESihfywfoufí vlwpfOD;wpfa,muf\ usef;rma&;ESifh b0ukdxdckduf
apaom t&m0w¬KwpfckjzpfonfrSvGJí Oya't& t"dyÜg,fwdwdususowfrSwfxm;jcif; r&Sday/
3/ tqdyfonf vlwpfOD;wpfa,muf\cE¨mukd,ftwGif;okdY ½SL½Idufjcif;jzifhaomfvnf;aumif;? rsdKcsjcif;
jzifhaomf vnf;aumif;? aoG;twGif;okdYaomfvnf;aumif;? wpfenf;enf;jzihfa&muf&SdapvQif tqdyfrdaomvl
twGufab;jzpfap½kHomru aoapjcif;ygjzpfapEkdifojzifh tqdyfonf ab;jzpfap wwfaomvufeuf
(dangerous weapon)wGif wpfcktygt0if jzpfayonf/
4/ tqdyfpm&if; (Poison List)wGifyg0ifaom t&m0w¬KrSeforQwkdYonf tqdyfjzpfonf[k
qkdvifhupm; (Poison List)wGif rnfonfhtqdyfrsm;yg0ifoenf;qkdonfhtcsufwGif usef;rma&; 0efBuD;XmeESihf
jyefMum;a&;0efBuD;Xme wkdY\xkwfjyefcsufay:wGifrlwnfaeayonf/ ]]Poison List}} wGifatmufyg t&mrsm;onf
tqdyfjzpfonf[k usef;rma&;0efBuD;XmerSowfrSwfNyD; jyefMum;a&; 0efBuD;XmerS twnfjyKvQif ]]Poison}}
[kowfrSwfEkdifonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
]]tqdyfwpfck\pGrf;tm; tay:vTrf;rkd;aeaom tajctae}} (Circunstances which influence the action
of poisons)
5/ tqdyfwpfck\ pGrf;tm;(jyif;tm;)tay: vTrf;rk;d aeaomtaMumif;t&mrsm;rSm atmufyg twkdif;

jzpfonf/ 4if;wkdYrSm-
(u) oHk;pJGonfhenf;vrf; (Method of administration) (½SL½Idufjcif;? rsKdcsjcif;?
aoG;aMumtwGif;okdUoGif;jcif;?tom;xJokdYxkd;oGif;jcif;)
(c) touft&G,f (Age)
(*) tqdyfyg0ifrIEIef;xm; (Dosage)
(C) tpmtdrfESifhtlodrftlrwdkY\tajctae(State of stomach and intestinal canal)
(i) tqdyfjyif;tm; (Concentration)
(p) tqdyf\zGJYpnf;yk(H Physical State)ponfhtcsufrsm;ay:rlwnfípOf;pm;&ayrnf/
tqdyfoifhonf[kppfa q; owfrSwfcsuf (Diagnosis of Poisonig)
6/ tqdyfESihfywfoufí vlwpfOD;wpfa,mufonf rnfonfhtqdyfrdoenf;[lonhf
tcsufrSm twdusqkH;jzpfEkdif&efcJ,Of;vSayonf/ tb,faMumifhqkdaomf tqdyfrsm;wGif ¤if;wdkYtm;
oHk;pJGrdojzifh wdusaomvu©Pmrsm;ESihfwdusaomvu©Pmpk[lítwdtusrajymEkdifaomaMumifhyif
jzpfonf/
7/ vlYcE¨mukd,fwGifjzpfay:aeaomtcsKdUvu©Pmrsm;onf a&m*gaMumifhaomfvnf;aumif;
tqdyfaMumifhaomfvnf;aumif;jzpfEdkifygonf/ atmufygtcsufrsm;onftqdyfESihfywfoufí
od&Sdoifhonfh tcsufrsm;ukdazmfjyxm;jcif;jzpfayonf/ 4if;wdkYrSm-
(u) tqdyfoifhj cif;wGif½kwfw&ufvu©P mrsm;ay:aygufvmjcif;/tqdyfyrmP
rsm;pGm pm;okH;rdolESihf jyif;xefaomtqdyfrdolrsm;onf tqdyfrdNyD;vQif
ay:aygufwwfonhf vu©Pmrsm;rSm ½kwfw&ufAkdufatmifhjcif;? &ifbwfylavmifjcif;ESihf
½kwfw&wf xdk;tefjcif;wkdkY jzpfayonf/ tcsKdUaomtqdyfrdolrsm;onf wjznf;jznf;
enf;enf;csif; tqdyfauR;rdjcif; aMumifh vu©Pmonf csufcsif;ray:bJ
jznf;n§if;pGmay:wwfojzifh a&m*grsm;ESihfrSm;Ekdif onfudkvnf;
owdjyKoifhayonf/
( c) yHkrSefusef;rmae&mrS vu©P mrsm; ay:aygufvmjcif;/ tcsKdUaomtqdyfrdonfh
olrsm;onf tjcm;a&m*g&mZ0ifESifh a&m*gjzpfyGm;rIr&SdbJESihf
½kwfw&ufaumif;ae&mrS tqdyfrdonfhvu©Pmrsm;ay:aygufwwfayonf/ ,cif
usef;rma&; aumif;cJhaom vlwpfa,mufonf ½kwfw&ufAkdufxkd;atmifhjcif;?
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
tefjcif;ESihf yg;pyf?ESmacgif;wkdYrStjr§Kyfrsm;xGufjcif;wkdYukdawGY&Sdygu tqdyfrdjcif;
jzpfonf[k a,bk,s,lqEkdif ayonf/
(*) tpm;taomuf?t&nf? aq;0g;wpfckckpm;oHk;NyD;
rMumcifvu©P mrsm;ay:ayguf vmjcif; / tpm;tpm?t&nf?aq;rsm;
pm;oHk;NyD; 1em&DcefYMumvQiftqdyfoifh
vu©Pmrsm;ay:aygufvmwwfygonf/atmfZJvpftufqpf (Oxalicacid)ESifh
qdkif,mEkdu(f Cyanide)ponfhtqdyf rsm;udkyrmPrsm;rsm;pm;oHk;rygu
puúefYydkif;twGif; vu©Pmrsm; ay:aygufvmayonf/ odkYaomf azghpfazm&ufpf
(Phosphorous) ESifh tpmtqdyfoifhjcif; (Food poison) aMumifhjzpfaom
tqdyfvu©Pmrsm;onf pm;oHk;rdNyD; csufcsif;vu©Pmrjywwfay/
(C) vltrsm;pkü vu©PmpkwpfrsKd;wnf;jzifh wpfcsdefwnf; ay:aygufjcif;
/a&cJrkefYESifh yifv,fpmponfhtpmrsm;aMumifhtpmtqdyfoifhygu
pm;aomufrdaom vltrsm;pkonf wpfcsdefwnf;? wpfNydKifwnf;
vu©Pmpkrsm;ay:aygufvmEdkifygonf/ tqdkyg tpmtqdyfoifhjcif;aMumifh
tm;enf;NyD; a&m*g jzpfaeaomolrsm;? toufBuD;olrsm;wGif aovG,fNyD;
tqdyfrsm;udktefxkwfvkdufygu &SifEdkifayonf/
( i) tqdyfrdj cif;vu©P m\ oabmobm0/ rawmfwqtqdyfrdjcif;ESifh
udk,fhudk,fudk aoaMumif;BuHpnfrIrsm;wGif tqdy\ f vu©Pm
rsm;onfjznf;jznf;csif;pwifNyD; csufcsif; raoEkdifbJ jyefaumif;&eftwGufvnf;
tcsdefawmfawmf MumEdkifayonf/
( p) tpm? tefzwf? rpifwkdYxJü tqdyfyg^ryg ppfaq;jcif;tm;jzifh
tqdyfudkcefYrSef;Ekdifjcif;/ tefzwfxJ&Sdtqdyf? tpmESifh rpifxJ&Sd tqdyfwkdYudk
ppfaq;jcif;tm;jzifh tqdyftrsKd; tpm;udk azmfxkwfEdkifayonf/ tu,fítefzwf
rpifxJütqdyfrawGUEdkifvQif a&m*gaMumifh jzpfaom vu©PmjzpfEdkifygonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
tqdyfaMumifhj zpfa omvu©P mpkESifha &m*gaMumifhj zpfa omvu©Pmpkqifwl
pOf vu©P mpkrsm; tqdyf tqdyfaMumifhj zpfa om
vu©P mESifh
wlonfh a&m*grsm;
1/ tefjcif;? 'Gg&aygufwdkYrS cJqdyf? aumfyg;? (Copper) tpmtdrfa&m*g?
tNrKyfESifht&nfrsm; tqdyf? jyif;xef pm;avmif tla&mifief;zsm;a&m*g?
xGufjcif;ESifh wwfaom (Comosive tpmtdrfa&m*g?
Adkufawmifhjcif; poison) qmvjzL&pftufqpf txufvSea f tmufavQma&m*g?
tqdyf? a&eHqD? "gwfqD? OD;aESmuftusdwf?
trdk;eD;,m; tqdyf? tapmydkif;y#doaE¨?
t&uftqdyf
2/ wufjcif; (Convulsions) qdkif&medwf (Cyanide) ar;cdkifa&m*g?
twufa&m*g?
udk,f0eftqdyfwufjcif;?
OD;aESmuftajr;a&mifa&m*g?
3/ arhajrmjcif; (Coma) bdef;yifrS&aomtqdyfrsm;? udk,f0eftqdyfwufjcif;?
(Opium, Morphine) ESifh twufa&m*g?
Heroin) ESifh arhaq;tcsKdU qD;csKdâoG;csKda&m*g?
(Oyrm-uvdk½dkzif;)arhaq; OD;aESmufaoG;aMumydwfjcif;?
OD;aESmuftajr;yg;a&mifa&m*gESifh
tzsm;tvGeftrif;wufjcif;
4/ taMumao^csdeJUjcif; qdkif&medwf (Cyanide), OD;aESmuftusdwfa&m*gESifh
uAGefrdkaemhqdk'f (CO), OD;aESmuftajr;yg;a&mifa&m*g
pdeftqdyf? cJtqdyf?
Botulism aMumifhjzpfaom
tpmtqdyfoihf
(Paralysis)
tqdyfrdonfh vlemtm; ta&;ay:uko&rI (General Treatment)
8/ tqdyfrdonfhvlemrsm;tm; uko&mwGif atmufygenf;vrf;edó,rsm;ESifh t"duxm;

uko&ayrnf/ ¤if;wdkYrSm-
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(u) udk,fcE¨mtwGif;odkY pkyf,lEdkifj cif;r&Sdao;onfh tqdyfrsm;tm;
xkwfypfj cif;jzifh ukojcif;-
(1) csufcsif;jyeftefxGufatmif jyKvkyfjcif;/
(2) tpmtdrftwGif;ydkufxnfhí (Gastric Lavage)enf;jzifh tqdyfygonfh

tpmrsm;jyefxkwf,ljcif;/
(c) 'kwd,enf; - tqdyfajzaq; Antidotes oHk;jcif;-
(1) Mechanical antidotes (½kyfenf;jzifh tqdyfajzaq;) Finely Powdered
activated charcoal ac: rD;aoG;rIefYwpfrsKd;tm; wdkufauR;jcif;ESifh qD? MuufO
tumESifh albumin t,fAsLrif"mwfrsm;wdkufauR;jcif;/
(2) Chemical antidotes ("mwkaA'enf;jzifh tqdyfajzaq;) tufqpftaysmh

trsKd;tpm; (Weak acid) Vinegar udk Strong alkali tqdyfrd ygu
wdkufauR;jcif;/ t,fvfumvDtaysmhtrsKd;tpm; (Weak alkali) udk Strong
acid tqdyfrdygu wdkufauR;jcif;/
(3) Physiological antidotes (ZD0ur®enf;jzifh tqdyfajzaq;) armfzif; ESifh

e,fvdkzif;/ atx½dkyif; (atropine)ESifh zpfqdkpwpf*rif; (physostigmine)
aq;0g;rsm; wdkufauR;jcif; (odkYr[kwf) xdk;ay;jcif;/
( *) wwd,enf;-cE¨mukd,ftwGif;odkYpkyf,lN yD;aom tqdyfrsm;tm;xkwf,ljcif;/

cE¨mukd,f twGif;okdY pkyf,lNyD;aomtqdyfrsm;tm; xkwf,l&mwGif t,fvfumvD"gwf
yg0ifaomt&mjzifh tqdyfjyif;tm;tpGrf;owåd tm;aysmhatmif(odkY) tqdyfrjzpfaom
"mwfaygif; jzpfatmifjyKvkyfíjyefxkwf,lenf; (Forced alkaline diuresis)
enf;[kac:onf/
(C) pwkw¬enf;-tqdyfa Mumifhjzpfay:vmaomvu©P mrsm;tm;
aysmufuif;atmif ukoenf; /tqkdygenf;onf symptomatic treatment
enf;jzpfonf/
9/ qmvzsL&pftufqpf (Sulphuric acid)/ qmvzsL&pftufqpfonf pm;avmifap
wwfaom tpGrf;owåd&SdNyD; vl\toufukd tEÅ&m,fay;Ekdif½kHrQru jyif;xefaomtqdyfESihf vlukd,fukd
½kyfqif;t*Fg ysufatmif pGrf;aqmif EkdifpGrf;&Sdonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
10/ qmvzsL&pftufqpf\ tpGrf;owåd/ ¤if;tufqpfonf ukd,fcE¨m\ rnfonfh
tpdwftykdif;ukdrqkd xdonfhae&mwGifpm;avmifap wwfaom tpGrf;owåd&SdNyD; tpmtdrf twGif;okdY
a&muf&SdoGm;ygutpmtdrf aygufxGufEkdifonfhtjyiftjcm;ukd,fwGif; t*Fgtpdwf tykdif;rSm(Hollow
Organs)rsm;yg aygufxGufysufpD; Ekdifavonf/
11/ qmvzsL&pftufqpf\ aoapEkdifaomyrmPESihf aoapEkdifonfhem&Dumv/

vlwpfOD; wpfa,muftwGuf qmvzsL&pftufqpf wpf *&rffESifhtxuf udk,fcE¨mtwGif;
pkwf,loGm;vQif aoapEkdifonf/ cE¨mukd,ftwGif;okdY qmvzsL&pftufqpf0ifa&mufNyD; 8 em&DrS 24
em&D twGif; vlukdaoapEkdifonf/
12/ qmvzsL&pftufqpfaMumifh jzpfa y:vmaomvu©P mrsm;/ vlcE¨mudk,ftwGif;
qmvzsL&pftufqpfESihfxdawGYrdygu awGYxdrdvQifrdjcif;atmufygvu©Pmrsm;awGY&Sd&ygonf/
¤if;wkdYrSm-
(u) yg;pyfrS qmvzsL&pftufqpfxdawGYrdygu vQmrS acid \t&omcHpm;&NyD;
yg;pyfrSNrdKcsrdygu i&JrD;ylavmifovkd tylBuD;wpfckvnfrsKdtwGif;odkYpD;qif;oGm;
ovkdcHpm;&ygrnf/
(c) tu,fí yg;pyfrS acid pD;aMumif;rsm;&Sdygu xkdae&mwGif qmvzsL&pftufqpf

\pD;qif;rI (okdY) pD;aMumif;aMumifh jzpfay:vmaom erosion ESifh tndKa&mif
t&nfpD;qif;rIaMumifh ta&miftndKa&mifokdY ajymiff;vJum ta&jym; ay:wGif
raysmufrysufbJ wnf&Sdaernf/
(*) yg;pyfrS acid pD;aMumif;tm; vlwkdYonf vufjzifhokwfypfwwfMuojzifh tqkdyg

ae&mrsm;wGif rD;pjzifhxkd;ovkd cHpm;&ayrnf/
(C) &Hzef&HcgwGif vludk,fü0wfqifxm;aom t0wftpm;rsm;tay:ü tufqpfaMumifh

pm;avmifaom tpufrsm;? tuGufi,frsm;tm;awGY&Sd&rnf/
( i) yg;pyfESihf tufqpfxdawGYrdvQif yg;pyf0ef;usifESihf yg;pyftwGif;&SdwpfosL;(tissue)rsm;

pm;avmifjcif;aMumifhysufpD;aeonfukd awGY&Sd&ayrnf/ xkdYtjyif yg;pyftwGif;ykdif;&Sd
(mucosa)tvTmrsm; tzwfvkdufuGmusaeonfudkawGY&Sd&ayrnf/
( p) vQmwGifrl tqkdygtufqpfaMumihf a&mif&rf;aeNyD; vQm\ta&mifrSmvnf; ajymif;vJ

aeNyD; vQmwGiftusdwfykHpHuJhokdYrmausmrIukd awGY&Sd&ayrnf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(q) vl\yg;pyftwGif;&Sd oGm;rsm;\ta&mifrSmvnf; ajrjzLa&mifuJhodkY jzLqGwfaeayrnf/
tb,faMumifhqdkaomf vloGm;rsm;\ tay:a<uvTmrsm;tm; tufqpfrS wdkufpm;oGm;aom
aMumifhjzpfayonf/
( Z) yg;pyfaxmifhrS oGm;&nf (Saliva) rsm;wpDpDxGufaeNyD; 0rf;Adkuftm; vufjzifh

prf;oyfMunfhygu awmifhwif;aeNyD;xdrdvQiftvGefemusifonfudkawGU&Sd&
ayrnf/
13/ qmvzsL&pftufppfaMumifha oqHk;vQif

aoqHk;ol\ cE¨mudk,fwGifM unfh½I&rnfhtcsufrsm;-
(u) jyifyvu©P mrsm; / udk,fcE¨mESifh pwifxdawGUonfhae&mrsm;jzpfonhf EIwfcrf;?

ar;aph? yg;jyifxufwdkYwGif tufppfpD;aMumif;aMumifhjzpfonfh tndKa&miftpuf (odkYr[kwf)
tndKa&miftuGufi,frsm;awGU&ygrnf/ tay:,Hta&jym;rsm; (Epidermis) tvTm
ysufpD;aeonfudkvnf; awGU&ygrnf/
(c) cE¨mukd,ftwGif;ydkif; vu©P mrsm;-
(1) tpmtdrf\ jyifyrsufESmjyifwGif teufa&mifjzpfaeNyD; tpmtdrfaygufjyJ aeonfudk

awGU&Edkifonf/ tpmtdrfeH&Hrsm;udk vufjzifhudkifwG,fMunhfygu avsmh&dítvG,f
wuljyJoGm;onfudk awGU&ayrnf/
(2) tlodrfESifh tjcm;cE¨mukd,ftwGif;ydkif; tpdwftydkif;rsm;wGifvnf; tpmtdrf

wGifawGY& ouJhokdY jzpfaeayrnf/
14/ ed*Hk;csKyftaejzifh qmvzsL&pftufqpfaMumifhraoaomolrsm;xJrS tqdyfudk rsdKcsrdolrsm;onf

tufqpfxdrdonhfae&mwGif trm½GwfuJhodkYrmoGm;ojzifh tpmrsdK>yef tvGefusOf;NyD; tqdkygvlemonf
tpmrpm;EdkifbJ tpmiwf (starvation) jcif;jzifh aoqHk;Edkif ayonf/ qmvzsL&pftufqpfjzihf
rsufESmtm;tyufcH&ygu ½kyfqif;ysufapNyD;tufqpfyufcH&onfhae&mwGif ½kwfw&uf owdvpfí aoqHk;
wwfayonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
tpmtqdyfoifhjcif; (Food Poisoning)
15/ abmfusLvpfZiftpmtqdyfoifhj cif; (Botulism food poisoning)/ Clostridium
Botulism Bactcria rSxGufaom exotoxin tqdyfonf tom;? ig;? toD;t&GufESifh yifv,fpm
ponhftpm;taomuftcsdKUwGif &Sdaewwfayonf/ xdkYaMumifh tqdkyg tpm;taomufrsm;tm;
15rdepfcefY usufatmifrcsufbJpm;aomufrdygu vludktouftEÅ&m,fay;Edkifavmufatmif tqdkyg
tpmtqdyfu pGrf;aqmifEdkifayonf/
16/ tqdkygtpm;taomufrsm;udk pm;aomufrdygu tpmwpfZGef;wnf;ESifhyiftoufaoap EdkifNyD;
ud,
k fcE¨m&Sd<uufom;rsm; (Paralysis) 0ifum toufqHk;½HI;Edkifayonf/ tqkdyg Botulism ac:
tpmqdyfrdygutqdyfrdvQifrdjcif;xkd;tefjcif;ESifhtaMumao(Paralysis)0ifjcif;ponfhvu©Pmrsm;
jywwfayonf/ tqkdyg Botulism ac: tpmqdyfoifhygu atmufygvu©Pmpkrsm;tm;awGU&Sd&
wwfayonf/ ¤if;wdkYrSm -
(u) ysdKUítefjcif;
(c) wcgw&H 0rf;oGm;jcif;
(*) AdkufxJü rtDrvnfjzpfí Adkufatmifhjcif;
(C) tqdyfrdonfhtcsdefrS 12em&DESifh 24em&DtwGif; paralysis 0ifjcif;? rsufpdjymjcif;?
tpmrsdK&cufcJjcif;? tm;enf;jcif; ESifh touf½I&yfíaoqHk;jcif; ponfwdkY
jzpfwwfayonf/
17/ bufwD;&D;,m; tpmtqdyfoifhj cif; (Bacteria food poisoning)/ vlukd,fcE¨m&Sd
immune system (ukd,fcE¨mckcHtm;pepf) tm;enf;aeaomtcgrsdK;wGif salmonelia ESifh clostridium
Bacteria rsm;\ enterotoxin rsm;aMumifh tpmrSwqifh tpmtdrftwGif;odkY0ifa&mufum vltm;
'ku©ay;Edkifayao;onf/ tqkdygtpmrsm;rSm 0ufvQm? MuufO? bJO? 0uftlacsmif;?0ufaygifajcmuf
tajcmufcHxm;aom tom;? ig; ponfwdkYjzpfNyD; ¤if;tpm;taomufrsm;tm; usufatmif rcsufbJ
tpdrf;pm;aomufrdygu tcefYroifhvQif ysdKUjcif;? tefjcif;? 0rf;avQmjcif;? tm;enf;jcif;? 0rf;&pfjcif;?
zsm;jcif; ESifh owdvpfjcif; ponhfa&m*gvu©Prsm;cHpm;&Edkifavonf/ tqkdyg tpmqdyfoifhNyD; 48
em&D aemufydkif;txd vlem&Sifygu aumif;Edkifayonf/
18/ "mwktqdyfoifhj cif; (Chemical food poisoning)/ Mum&SnfcHap&ef"gwkypönf;rsm;jzifh

jyKjyifxm;aomtpm;taomufrsm; xnhfoGif; xm;onfh oHAl;? Al;rsm;xJwGif u,frD,rf?
Zifh(oGyf"gwf)ESifh tefwDrdkeD(caemufpdrf;)"gwk"gwfrsm; yg0ifwwfayonf/ tqkdyg
"gwkypönf;rsm;onf vl\tpmtdrftm; ,m;,HapNyD; ysdKUjcif;? tefjcif;ESifh 0rf;avQmjcif;wdkYudk
jzpfapEdkifayonf/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
19/ tcsdKUaom tom;? ig;rsm;udk txm;cHatmifoHk;aom preservatives (txm;cHypönf;)
rsm;wGif qdk'D,rfEdkufx&dwf"gwf yg0ifaeayonf/ tqdkyg"gwfrsm;yg0ifaom tpm;tpmaMumifh
vlUcE¨mukd,f&SdaoG;aMumrsm;us,fjcif; (vascular dilatation) &Edkifayonf/ Nitrates yg0ifaom
"gwfrsm;aMumifh vl\cE¨mudk,fwGifjzpfay:vmaom vu©Pmrsm;rSm atmufygwdkY jzpfMuayonf/
(u) EIwfcrf;? ajconf;? vufonf;rsm;jymjcif; (Cyanosis)
(c) aoG;zdtm; (fall of blood pressure)usjcif;/

20/ atmf*ifEkdazmfpzdwf tqdyfoifhj cif;(Organo Phosphate Poisoning)/ jrefrmEkdifiH\
v,f,mpdkufysKd;a&;wGif ydk;rTm;rsm; tyiftm;'ku©ay;rIudk umuG,f&ef yg&moD&Gef? rmvmoD&Gef ESifh EPN
wHqdyf tp&Sdonfhykd;owfaq;rsm; toHk;rsm;vmMuayonf/ txl;ojzifh vlukd tEÅ&m,ftay;
EdkifqHk;aom tqdyfrSm Parathion(yg&moD&Gef)ac: ydk;owf aq;tqdyf jzpfayonf/
xkdydk;owfaq;rsm;onf v,fcif;? ,mcif;wGifpdkufysKd;xm;aom tyifwkdYrS ydk;rTm;rsm;ESifh abmufzwf?
ponfhtaumifrsm; raygufyGm; ap&efESifh aoap&eftwGuf &nf&G,fí xkwfvkyfxm;jcif;jzpfonf/
ydk;owftqdyfrsm; vludk,fodkYul;pufyHk
21/ þtqdyfonf ydk;owfaq;zsef;aomvlrsm;wGif tjzpfrsm;NyD; jrefrmjynfwGif ydkvdktqdyf
rdjcif;onf xif&Sm;ayonf/ þydk;owfaq;tqdyfrsm; vlukd,fodkY0ifa&muful;pufyHkrSm atmufyg twkdif;
jzpfonf/ ¤if;wkdYrSm-
(u) ydk;owfaq;jzef;xm;aomtyifESifh tpm;taomufrsm;tm; pm;oHk;rdjcif;/
(c) ydk;owfaq;zsef;aomolESifh ydk;owfaq;xdawGUrdaom ta&jym;rSwqifhtqdkyg

tqdyfrdjcif;/ (rSwfcsuf/ / ta&jym;NyJjcif;r&Sdyg/)
(*) ydk;owfaq;tqdyftm; ESmacgif;rS ½I½Idufrdjcif; ponfwkdYjzpfayonf/

22/ cHpm;&onfh vu©P mrsm;/ Organophosphateydk;owfaq;tqdyf\
tapmqHk;vu©Pm wpfckrSm acgif;rl;jcif;? acgif;udkufjcif;? acgif;tHkjcif; jzpfayonf/ &ifxJü
wpfqdkYqdkYjzpfaeonf[kvnf; cHpm; &ayrnf/ ydk;owfaq;tqdyf
0ifa&mufrItenf;trsm;ay:rlwnfí tqdyfrdNyD; (2)em&DrS (8)em&dD twGif; atmufygvu©Pmrsm;udk
awGY&ayrnf/
(u) tenf;i,f0ifj cif;/ tpm;taomufysufjcif;? EkH;jcif;? acgif;rl;jcif;? tm;enf;jcif;?
acR;ap;acR;ayguf xGufjcif;? vQmESifhrsufvHk;rsm; wqwfqwfvIyfjcif;ESifh tjriftm½Hk a00g;jcif;/
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(c) tawmftwef0ifj cif;/ ysKUdjciff;? wHawG;txGufrsm;jcif;? Akdufatmifhjcif;? tefjcif;?

acR;xGuf tvGefrsm;vmjcif;? tom;wqwfqwfwkefjcif;ESifh ESvHk;ckefaES;jcif;/
(*) yrmPrsm;pGm0ifjcif;/ 0rf;avQmjcif;? touf½lcufcJjcif;? wpfukd,fvHk;jymjcif;? qD;?
0rf;rxdef;Ekdifjcif;? wufjcif;? ½kwfw&ufESvHk;ckef&yfí owdvpfarharsmjcif;?
aoqHk;jcif;/
23/ Organophosphate tqd y f o if h r I u ko &mwG i f od & S d v d k u f e m&rnf h tcsufr sm;/ atmufyg
twkdif;jzpfygonf-
(u) ydk;owfaq;tqdyfrdvQifrdjcif;? zsm;emygu tzsm;tm; t&ifqHk;ukoyg/
(c) ydk;owfaq;tqdyftm; pm;rdvQif tpmtdrftwGif;rS tjyifodkYtefxkwfEdkif&ef

(Gastric lavage ) enf;jzifhxkwfyg/
(*) atx½dkyif; (atropine 1 to 2 mg )udk aoG;aMumxJodkUjzpfap? tom;xJodkY jzpfap?

tenf;qHk; 10 rdepfrS 15rdepfudk wpfBudrfjzifhvlemoufom onftxdxdk;yg/
(C) ¤if;aq;xkd;í vlemwpfukd,fvHk;jymESrf;vmygu aq;xkd;jcif;udk&yfxm;yg/
(i) tb,fhaMumifhqdkaomf (atropine)aq;onf vlematmufqD*sifjywfvyfonfh

tajctae wGif½kwfw&ufESvHk;ckeftvGefjrefíaoqHk;EdkifaomaMumihfjzpfonf/
(p) vlemonf touf½SLcufcJaevQif ta&;ay:touf½SLEkdif&eftwGuf (arteficial

respiration) jyKvkyfay;yg/
(q) vlem\cE¨mudk,frS t&nf"mwfrsm;qHk;½IH;ygu tcsKd&nfrsm;rsm;wdkufí vkdtyfvQif

aoG;aMumtwGif;rS t&nf"mwfrsm;rsm;oGif;yg/
Oya'a&;&maq;ynmqdkif&m "mwfcJGprf;orf&eferlemypönf;rsm;pkaqmif;jcif;? rSwfom;jcif;ESifh
ay;ydkYj cif;(Collection, Labeling and Dispatch of Forensic Specimens)
24/ txufygudpöESifhywfowfí tajccHvrf;ñTefrIrsm;rSm atmufygtwkdif;jzpfygonf-
(u) erlemrsm;udk rdrdudk,fwdkif,l&ygrnf/
(c) ay;ydkUaomerlemrsm;udk xif½Sm;aom label trSwftom; jyKvkyfay;xm;&rnf/
( c) wwfEdkifvQif erlemrsm;udk zefbl;rsm;üxnfhíay;&ygrnf/

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( *) ¤if;zefbl;rsm;udk adhesive tape jzifh vHkNcKHpGmydwfay;&ygrnf/
(C) Slides rSefjym;rsm;udkrl opfom;bl;jzifhxnfhíydkYay;&rnf/ r½Sdygu rSefjym;rsm;udk

tñdka&mifpuúLjzifhxkwfNyD; tape jzifh vHkNcKHatmifuyfNyD; trSwftom; wyfqifay;
&ygrnf/
(i) erlempm&if;rsm;udk jynfhpHkpGma&;rSwfxm;½Sd&ygrnf/ (List of specimens)
(p) erlemrsm;udk rsm;rsm;,lxm;&efjzpfygonf/ aemufrSvdktyfvmvQif xyf,l&eftcGifhta&;

r&ekdifíjzpfygonf/
25/ erlemrsm; (speicmens) (odkU) oufa ocHypönf;rsm; vHkN cKHpGmay;ydkYenf;

(u) erlemrsm;udk cdkifcHhvHkNcKHpGmxkyfydk;&rnf/
(c) ¤if;erlemxkyfrsm;udkaocsmpGm Seal wHqdyfESdyfay;&rnf/
(*) ¤if; Seal wHqdyf erlemudkvnf; ay;pmwGifESdyfay;íazmfjyxm;&ygrnf/
(C) rsKd;wlerlemrsm;jzpfygu wpfrsKd;pDü½Sif;vif;aom trSwftom;rsm; wyfqifay;xm;

&ygrnf/
Oyrm- ESvHk;aoG;aMumrsm;-
(1) 0JESvHk;aoG;aMum
(2) ,mESvHk;aoG;aMum
26/ txkyfwpfckxJü erlemrsm;pkaygif;xnfhoGif;vdkygu wpfckESifhwpfck ra&maESmap&ef
wpfckcsif;udk vHkNcKHcdkifchHpGmxkyfydk;NyD; trSwftom;jyKvkyfí wpftdwfwnf;xnfh&ef jzpfygonf/
(u) pmtrSwf^ trItrSwf? vlem^vlao rSwfyHkwiftrSwf^ Code No. vQKdY0SuftrSwf
rsm;udk ay;ydkYaompmwGif ½Sif;½Sif;vif;vif; a&;om;xm;&ygrnf/
(c) ay;ydkUaompmwGifvnf; ay;ydkYaomerlempm&if; (List of samples) xnfhoGif;a&;ydkU
&ygrnf/
(*) ay;ydkUxm;aompmtqHk;üay;ydkYolq&m0ef\ vufrSwfESifhoufqdkif&mwm0efcH
q&m0ef? q&m0efBuD;\ xyfqifhvufrSwf a&;xdk;ay;&rnfjzpfygonf/
27/ rykyfodk;ap&efoHk;aomaq;rsm; (Use of preservatives)
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vQKdU0Suf
(u) tefzwf? tpmtdrfaq;xm;aomt&nf? qD;ESifh aoG;erlemrsm;udk rykyfodk;aq;xnfh&ef
rvdkyg/
(c) e,faq;½HkrSay;ydkYaom erlemrsm;udkrl rykyfodk;aq;xnfhay;&ef vdktyfygonf/
Oyrm- retified spirit, methylated spirit, jynfh0aomqm;&nfrsm;jzpfygonf/
(*) t&ufyg½SdrIppfaq;&ef erlemrsm;udk jynfh0qm;&nfom toHk;jyK&efjzpfygonf/
(C) Formalin udk rykyfodk;&eftwGuf erlemrsm;wGif rnfonfhtcgrQ xnfhoHk;jcif;rjyK&/

"gwfcGJppfaq;&mütaESmuft,Sufay;wwfygonf/
(i) "gwkaA'0eftm; 4if;erlemESifhywfowfí vdktyfaomowif;ay;&ef
(1) aemufqHk;rnfhonfhtcsdefutpmpm;xm;ítqdyfoifhvu©Pmrsm; rnfonfh

tcsdefwGif pwifay:aygufjcif;/
(2) rnfonfhvu©Pmrsm;jzpfyGm;onfudkazmfjyyg-
(uu) atmhtefjcif;ESifh 0rf;avQmjcif;?
(cc) wtm;tdyfNyD;owdvpfjcif;?
(**) ta&jym;ü½Gpd½Gpdjzpfjcif;?
(CC) wufjcif;?
(ii) ua,mifuwrf;jzpfjcif;?
(pp) tjcm;vu©Pmrsm;/
(3) a0'emcH&olwpfOD;wnf;vm;? pm;oHk;olwpfpkvHk;vm;? rnfrQxda0'emcHpm;&onf

udkazmfjyyg/
(4) oHo,0ifaomtqdyfudkazmfjyyg/
(5) tjcm;owif;rsm;od½Sdygu azmfjyay;&efwdkUjzpfygonf/
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Chapter 4
Nutrition and BMI
Energy intake
Daily energy requirements
Population macronutrient goals
touftkyfpktvdkuf wpfaeYwmpm;oHk;oifhaom tm[m&"mwf

touftkyfpktvdkuf wpfaeYwmtwGuftenf;qHk;vdktyfaom tpmyrmP
Summary of clinically important vitamins
Summary of clinically important minerals
Classification of obesity with Body Mass Index(Weight/ height2)
Classification of Malnutrition in adults by Body Mass Index (Weight/ height2)
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Daily energy requirements
Requirements
Circumstances Healthy adult females Healthy adult males
At rest 6.7 MJ (1600 kcal) 8.4 MJ (2000 kcal)
Light work 8.4 MJ (2000 kcal) 11.3 MJ (2700 kcal)
Heavy work 9.4 MJ (2250 kcal) 14.6 MJ (3500 kcal)
Population macronutrient goals

Limits for population average intakes
Nutrient Lower Upper
Total fat (% of total energy) 15 30
Saturated fatty acids (% total energy) 0 10
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (% total energy) 3 7
Dietary cholesterol (mg/day) 0 300
Total carbohydrate (% total energy) 55 75
Free sugars (% total energy) 0 10
Complex carbohydrate (% total energy) 50 70
Dietary fibre (g/day)
As non-starch polysaccharides 16 24
As total dietary fibre 27 40
Protein (% total energy) 10 15
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touftkyfpktvdku f wpfaeYw mpm;oH k;oif haom tm[m&"gwf
udkf, ft av;csdef
ADw mrif'D( 1) (IU)

y½dkw if; (*&rf)
ADw mrifat (IU)
ADw mrifb D( 1)
ADw mrifb D( 2)
(uDv dk*&rf)
(u,fv dk&D)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
Edkif, mpif
ADw mrifpD
touf( ESpf)
tift m;
xHk; "gwf
oH"gwf
uav; 0-1 7.3 850 19 500 10 990 400 .3 .5 5.4 20
1-3 12.5 1260 25 400 10 825 400 .5 .7 .3 20
4-6 18.4 1670 31 400 10 990 400 .6 .9 11.0 20
7-9 25.0 1800 37 400 10 1320 100 .7 1.0 11.8 20
trsKd;om; (vli,f)
10-12 33.6 2400 45 600 10 1900 100 1.0 1.3 15.8 20
13-15 48.8 2500 58 600 18 2400 100 1.0 1.4 16.5 30
16-19 61.9 3000 62 500 9 2500 100 1.2 1.8 19.8 30
trsKd;orD; (vli,f)
10-12 35.5 2200 45 600 10 1900 100 .9 1.3 14.5 20
13-15 50.0 2600 53 600 24 2400 100 1.0 1.4 17.2 30
16-19 56.4 2500 51 500 28 2500 100 1.0 1.4 16.5 30
trsKd;om;toihftwifhvIyf&Sm;rI 60.0 2800 57 400 9 2500 100 1.1 1.5 18.5 30
(vlBuD;)
trsKd;orD;toihftwifhvIyf&Sm;rI 50.0 2000 43 400 28 2500 100 .8 1.1 13.2 30
(vlBuD;)
udk,f0efaqmif (rarG;rD 5v) _350 _15 1000 28 2500 400 _0.1 _0.2 _2.3 30
EdkYwdkufrdcif (yxr 6v) _550 _28 1000 28 4000 400 _0.2 _0.4 _3.5 30
rSw fcsuf/ udk,f0efaqmifESihf EdkYwkdufrdcifwpfOD;pD;twGuf y½dkwif;tif;tm;? bDwmrifbD-1? bD-2? Edkif,mpifrsm;udk omreftrsKd;orD;wpfOD;xufydkrdkvdktyfaom

yrmPudkom azmfjyxm;ygonf/
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Summary of clinically important vitamins
Vitamin Sources Reference nutrient intake

(RNI)
Fat soluble vitamins
A (Retinol) Liver, milk and milk products, eggs, fish oils 700 ug men
600 ug women
D (Cholecalciferol) UV exposure to skin, fish oils, egg yolks, 10 ug if > 65 yrs or no
margarine, fortified cereals sunlight exposure
E (Tocopherol) Sunflower oil, vegetables, nuts, seed oils No RNI. Safe intake:
4 mg men, 3 mg women
K (Phylloquinone, Green vegetables, soya oil, menaquinone No RNI. Safe intake:
menaquinone) produced by intestinal bacteria, dairy products
1 ug/kg
Water soluble vitamin
B1 (Thiamin) Pork, cereals, grains, bean 0.8 mg / 9.68MJ(2000
kcal) energy intake
B2 (Riboflavin) Milk, milk and milk products, breakfast cereals, 1.3 mg men
bread
1.1 mg women
B3 (Niacin, nicotinic Meat, cereals 17 mg men
acid, nicotinamide)
13 mg women
B6 (Pyridoxine) Meat, fish, potatoes, bananas, vegetables, 17 mg men
intestinal microflora synthesis
13 mg women
Biotin egg yolk, intestinal flora No RNI. Safe intake: 10-
200 ug
Folate Liver, green leafy vegetables, fortified breakfast 200 ug
cereals
B12 (Cobalamin) Animal products, bacterial colonisation 1.5 ug
C (Ascorbic acid) Citrus fruils, fresh fruit, fresh and frozen and 40 mg
vegetables
Essential inorganic nutrients

• Sodium
• Potassium
• Chloride, magnesium
• Calcium
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Summary of clinically important minerals
Mineral Sources Reference nutrient
intake(RNI)
Calcium Rich: milk and milk products, tofu 700 mg*
Important: milk, boned fish, green vegetables, beans
Phosphorus Most foods contain phosphorus 550 mg*
Rich: Marmite and dry roasted peanuts
Important: milk, cereal products, bread and meat
Magnesium Rich: whole grains, nuts 300 mg men
Important: unprocessed and wholegrain foods 270 mg women*
Iron Rich: liver, red meat (haem iron) 8.7 mg
Important: non haem iron from vegetables, wholemeal 14.8 mg women <50
bread yrs
Zinc Rich: red meat, seafood 9.5 mg men
Important: dairy product, wholemeal bread 7 mg women*
Iodine Rich: edible seaweds 140 ug
Important: milk and dairy products
Seleniuim Rich: fish, wheat grown in selenium rich soils 75 ug men
Important: fish 60 ug women*
Copper Rich: shellfish, liver 1.2 mg*

Important: bread, cereal products, vegetables
Fluoride Drinkinking water, tea No RNI.
Safe intake: 0.5 mg/ kg
Potassium Rich: dried fruits, potatoescoffee 3500 mg
Important: fresh fruits, vegetabless, milk
Sodium Rich: table salts, anchovies 1600 mg
Important: processed foods, bread, bacon
Rich sources contain the nutrient in high concentration but are not generally eaten in large amount.
Important sources contain less but contribute most because larger amounts are eaten. *Increased amounts
are required in women during lactation.
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Classification of obesity with Body Mass Index(Weight/ height2)
BMI (kg/m2) Classification* Risk of obesity comorbidity
18.5-24.9 Normal range Negligible
25.0-29.9 Overweight Mildly increased
> 30.0 Obese
30.0-34.9 Class I Moderate
35.0-39.9 Class II Severe
> 40.0 Class III Very severe
Obesity can be quantified conveniently using the body mass index (BMI). BMI is calculated as the
person's weight in kilograms divided by the square of his or her height in metres (kg/m2). For
example, an adult weighing 70 kg with a height of 1.75 metres has a BMI of 70/1.752 = 22.9. This
adjusts crudely for differences in body habitus, and provides the usual definition of severity of
obesity. A simple measure which reflects the degree of abdominal obesity is the waist circumference,
measured at the level of the umbilicus. A waist circumference of > 102 cm in men or > 88 cm in
women indicates that the risk of metabolic and cardiovascular complications of obesity is high.
Classification of Malnutrition in adults by Body Mass Index (Weight/ height2)

BMI (kg/m2) Classification
> 20 Adequate nutrition
18.5-20 Marginal
< 18.5 Malnutrition
17-18.5 Mild
16-17 Moderate
< 16 Severe
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1/ qef trsKd ;rsKd ;?aumuf E S H r sm;ES i h f tpm;tpmrsm;
(RE)
tqD"gwf (*&rf)
umAdk[ dku fN'dw f
ADw mrifb D( 1)
ADw mrifb D( 2)
tift m;"gwf
ADw mrifat
(u,fv dk&D)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
ADw mrifpD
Edkif, mpif
pOf tpm;tpmtrnf
rD; pHk; "gwf

y½dkw if;
xHk; "gwf
a&"gwf
oH"gwf
(*&rf)
(*&rf)
1 aumufBuD;qef 342 8.80 5.60 .30 79.7 - .09 .06 1.50 - .70 11.00 140.00
2 aumufBuD;qefjzL 342 14.06 5.63 .29 79.7 - .09 .06 1.49 - .71 11.13 71.11
3 aumufBuD;vHk;wD; 348 14.61 7.95 2.22 74.02 - .49 .17 4.65 - 2.05 20.34 243.2
4 aumufñSif;qef 359 - 8.40 1.60 75.40 - .16 .06 2.40 - 1.20 16.00 -
5 aumufñSif;qefrIefY 372 - 6.60 .40 82.70 - .10 .02 1.70 - .80 12.00 -
6 iuRJqefjzL 356 11.46 8.00 .56 80.33 - .10 .05 2.01 - 2.00 20.34 58.07
7 iuRJvHk;wD; 359 11.94 9.05 2.26 75.49 - .47 .18 7.43 - 7.27 29.84 281.60
8 ipdefqef 381.5 8.10 6.86 1.70 84.69 - - - - - 10.00 9.70 100.00
9 ipdefqefjzL 357 11.22 6.56 .63 81.14 - .09 .06 1.39 - 1.67 17.19 77.64
10 ipdefvHk;wD; 360 12.07 7.78 2.37 76.70 - .38 .14 3.03 - 5.54 26.10 258.30
11 qefMumqH 357 1.78 8.70 .30 77.80 - .27 .11 2.40 - 2.40 17.00 20.07
12 qefacgufqJG 88 - 1.00 - 20.30 - tenf;i,f tenf;i,f tenf;i,f - .60 7.00 -
13 xrif; 155 - 2.50 .40 - - .02 .01 .30 - .60 5.00 -
14 xrif;aMumf 167 - 2.30 2.90 32.30 - .02 - .40 - - 3.00 -
15 jyKwfqef 364 - 6.70 1.00 79.30 - .20 .08 2.60 - 1.20 7.00 -
17.0
16 zJGEk 386 10.50 10.50 50.27 - .27 .11 - - 53.30 - -
0
17 {nfhrxtjzL 354 12.49 7.50 .40 80.10 - .07 .06 .90 - .80 10.40 -
18 Instant Nutritious 209 49.51 4.10 2.47 42.46 - - - - 37.50 - 141.7 73.29
Cereal 7
19 acgufqJGajcmuf 363 13.69 10.40 1.60 75.10 - .23 .08 1.20 - 1.00 30.60 134.5
20 *sKHacgufqJG 357 - 10.20 .80 75.00 - .18 .14 2.60 - 1.90 42.00 -
21 *sKHrIefY 351 - 10.70 2.20 72.10 - .19 .10 1.90 - 1.30 26.70 -
52.8
22 ESrf; 582 - 17.20 19.80 2.40 .72 .17 5.10 - 12.0 750.0 -
0
23 yJMumqH 340 5.62 .03 .20 82.20 - .05 .01 .20 1.00 1.60 20.00 20.53
24 ajymif;qef 357 - 7.60 2.40 74.70 - .10 .03 3.00 - 3.60 17.00 -
15.9
25 rmrD;acgufqJGajcmuf 436.7 7.70 12.50 60.90 - - - - - 7.90 112.3 32.3
0
26 jrLpGrf 346 - 7.00 .90 75.20 tenf;i,f .26 .90 - - 2.30 31.00 -
27 ,rf,rfacgufqJG 71.3 88.00 3.30 5.39 2.40 - - - - - 5.60 190.0 38.80
28 omul 358 - 1.40 .40 87.10 - .04 - - - 1.90 57.0 -
29 tom;wk 275 28.75 32.84 2.91 29.45 - - - - - 10.58 260.5 -
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vQKdU0Suf
2/ xef;vsuf? oMum;azsmf&nfrsm;
ADwmrifb(D 1)
ADwmrifb(D 2)
tiftm;"gwf
N'dwf (*&rf)
ADwmrifat
(u,fvdk&D)
(rDvD*&rf)
umAdk[dkuf
ADwmrifpD
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
tpm;tpm
Edkif,mpif
tqD"gwf
rD;pHk;"gwf
pOf
y½dkwif;
xHk;"gwf
a&"gwf
oH"gwf
(*&rf)
trnf
(*&rf)
(RE)
1 BuHacsmif; 97 - .20 .40 17.60 - .01 .02 - 2.00 1.30 8.00 -
2 BuH&nf 56 - .02 15.00 - tenf;i,f .01 tenf
; i,f .10 tenf;i,f .50 13.00 -
3 BuHoum 383 - .40 .10 95.00 84.00 .02 .04 .50 - 11.40 80.00 -
4 acgif&nf 132 - - - 3.80 - - - - - - 29.00 -
5 wifvJ&nf 232 - - - 60.00 - .07 .09 .20 - 6.0 290.00 -
6 xef;&nf 294 - .30 - 78.90 - .01 .02 .20 - .80 14.00 -
7 xef;vsuf 359 - 1.00 .10 98.50 - - - - - - 225.0 -
8 ysm;&nf 294 - .30 - 78.90 - .01 .02 .20 - .80 14.00 -
9 bdvyf&nf 30 - - - 7.80 - - - - - - 2.00 -
10 bD,m 43 - .50 - 3.40 - .01 .02 .20 - .10 10.00 -
11 oum&nf - - - - - - - - - - - - -
12 oMum; 351 - - - 98.30 - - - - - .10 1.00 -
13 tkef;EdkY&nf 330 - 6.00 4.30 34.70 - .03 tenf;i,f .90 3.00 2.30 11.00 -
14 tkef;EdkYOD;&nf 240 - 3.20 24.9 5.20 - .03 tenf;i,f .80 3.00 1.60 16.00 -
- .40 tenf; tenf; -
15 tkef;&nf 22 .20 4.50 tenf;i,f tenf;i,f 3.00 .30 24.00
i,f i,f
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
3/ opfO opfjrpfrsm;
ADwmrifat(RE)
umAdk[dkufN'dwf
ADwmrifbD(1)
ADwmrifbD(2)
tiftm;"gwf
(u,fvdk&D)
(rDvD*&rf)
ADwmrifpD
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
Edkif,mpif
tqD"gwf
rD;pHk;"gwf
pOf tpm;tpmtrnf
y½dkwif;
xHk;"gwf
a&"gwf
oH"gwf
(*&rf)
(*&rf)
(*&rf)
1 uefpGef;O 130 66.5 1.11 .30 30.64 2031.8 .07 .05 .78 3.20 1.90 144.0 64.21
2 MuufoGefeD 38 88.9 1.60 .23 9.00 tenf;i,f .06 .04 .20 9.00 1.00 30.00 7.21
3 MuufoGefjzL 117 72.2 3.50 .31 27.40 tenf;i,f .24 .05 .40 10.00 1.50 18.00 438.5
4 *sL;jrpf 37 83.3 .60 .50 7.50 - - - 14.00 24.10 .10 37.48 44.47
5 *sif;(csif;) 93 81.2 1.70 4.17 12.10 113.95 .08 .039 3.97 20.00 76.95 20.05 64.04
6 pdrf;pm;O 55 82.9 1.70 .10 13.00 - .04 .04 .30 10.00 .80 15.00 56.00
7 xef;jrpf 176 50.3 4.33 .83 37.74 - .15 .09 .09 17.50 10.00 53.04 -
8 EdkudkO 46 92.8 1.10 .10 11.00 58.00 .07 .07 1.10 43.00 .40 66.00 .81
9 ykavmyDeH 138 56.4 1.00 .40 32.80 Trace .05 .04 .60 19.00 1.30 40.00 52.39
10 yJjrpf 226 - 8.90 - 47.40 - - - - - - - -
11 yJjrpfjyKwf 145 58.3 5.29 .35 36.42 - - - 3.66 63.83 65.42 28.94 131.3
12 ydef;O 94 69.5 2.20 .40 21.00 tenf;i,f .14 .05 1.01 8.00 1.20 34.00 78.90
13 rkefvmO 26 97.0 1.00 .20 5.60 15.53 .04 .03 .04 26.00 1.40 32.00 37.00
12 rkefvmOpdrf; 28 - 2.40 .60 4.80 440.0 .07 .24 .60 12.00 .90 96.00 -
(Beet Green)
13 rkefvmOeD (Beet) 44 - 1.60 .20 10.00 tenf;i,f .02 .04 .30 6.00 1.10 23.00 -
14 rkefvmO0g (Carrot) 37 43.6 1.10 .30 8.30 1156.20 .06 .05 .70 8.00 1.20 36.00 53.00
15 rQpf 28 93.2 2.50 .30 5.30 2.40 .11 .09 .60 9.00 .90 17.00 8.00
16 rQpfcsOf 34 - 2.20 1.00 5.70 0 0 0 tenf;i,f 0 1.10 21.00 -
17 arsmufO 46 - 1.60 .20 10.00 - .08 .06 .06 15.00 .80 18.00 -
18 0O 28.2 83.7 .60 1.00 4.20 - - - - 16.25 15.50 13.20 15.20
19 0g;bdk;rQpf 32 - 2.70 .30 6.40 2.40 .13 .10 .70 10.00 .60 10.00 -
20 tmwmvGwf 125 73.2 1.70 .20 29.50 - .13 .025 .50 7.00 1.90 15.00 2.56
21 tmvl; 84 78.1 2.00 .10 18.70 tenf;i,f .01 .04 1.60 18.00 .80 9.00 34.87
22 tifO 157 63.7 3.55 3.10 28.75 - .15 - 4.94 4.90 3.25 23.96 1.69
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
4/ om;îg;rsm;
ADwmrifat (RE)
tqD"gwf (*&rf)
umAdk[dkuNf 'dwf
ADwmrifb(D 1)
ADwmrifb(D 2)
tiftm;"gwf
(u,fvdk&D)
(rDvD*&rf)
ADwmrifpD
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
Edkif,mpif
pOf tpm;tpmtrnf
rD;pHk;"gwf
y½dkwif;
xHk;"gwf
a&"gwf
oH"gwf
(*&rf)
(*&rf)
1 Muufom; 99 77.76 18.80 2.70 - 168.47 .10 .12 6.70 0 1.60 12.40 148.50
2 Muuftonf;(toJ) 144 - 17.80 6.60 2.30 8935.10 .36 1.92 10.00 7.00 9.70 10.00 -
3 Muuftl 117 - 12.70 6.11 1.90 - .06 .36 4.30 7.00 4.60 12.00 -
4 Muuftlacsmif; 535 15.60 20.83 40.26 22.35 - - - - - 13.90 119.40 30.50
5 <uufom; 104 - 23.60 1.00 .10 - - - - - - 30.00 -
6 acG;om; 274 - 14.50 23.50 - - .04 .08 1.80 - 3.60 26.00 -
7 iHk;om;(tom;_toJ) 118 - 21.20 3.10 - 946.20 .46 .32 4.00 - 7.50 36.00 -
8 iSufom; 124 - 19.40 4.60 - 10.00 .30 .25 5.00 - - 470.00 -
9 qwfom;ajcmuf 280 27.30 59.70 .71 8.60 - - - - - 18.20 - 58.10
10 qdwfom; 179 72.20 12.70 14.20 0 0 .15 .19 4.10 - 4.20 10.10 149.50
11 awm0ufom; 147 - 16.80 8.30 - 4.80 .39 .11 4.00 - - 12.00 -
12 EGm;om;(trJom;) 150 72.26 17.20 7.20 0 15.00 .07 .16 5.90 0 2.90 12.70 168.90
13 EGm;om;tajcmuf 309 - 48.90 8.90 5.20 0 .03 .34 6.50 0 8.10 31.00 -
14 yk&pfaMumf 323 20.95 7.70 3.30 65.60 - - - - - 90.37 447.9 70.03
15 zm;om; 68 - 15.30 .30 - - .06 .14 1.90 3.00 1.30 23.00 -
16 bJom; 224 65.98 15.50 18.60 - 0 .11 .16 4.90 0 3.10 8.30 107.30
17 bJaoG; 88 - 20.00 .10 .40 23.00 .02 .11 1.20 - 23.90 11.00 -
18 bJaoG;wk 60 89.94 6.70 - 8.26 - - - - - 7.21 51.13 .53
19 jrif;om; 121 - 20.50 3.70 - 5.0 .10 .10 3.50 - 2.00 - -
20 ,kefom; 13.1 - 22.20 4.00 - - .30 .10 4.00 - 4.40 7.00 -
21 0ufacgif; 430 - 13.40 41.30 0 - - - - - - - -
22 0ufajcaxmuf 305 - 15.80 26.30 0 - - - - - - - -
23 0ufeH½dk; 268 - 23.80 18.50 0 - - - - - 14.00 78.00 -
24 0ufaygifajcmuf 310 - 19.50 25.00 .30 - .81 .22 4.60 - 29.00 11.00 -
25 0ufom;(oHk;xyfom;) 457 - 11.90 45.00 0 0 .58 .14 3.10 - 1.80 7.00 -
26 0ufom;(tom;) 219 64.94 17.40 16.60 0 0 .80 .16 4.20 - 2.40 9.70 172.90
27 0uftl 152 - 6.40 13.00 1.80 - .39 .08 1.60 - .80 7.00 -
28 0uftlacsmif; 355 15.59 21.30 29.30 6.60 0 .46 .24 4.70 - 3.00 24.00 175.50
29 0ufOD;aESmuf 134 - 10.20 9.90 .40 - .22 .24 3.30 - 2.90 17.00 -
30 odk;om; 206 - 17.10 14.80 - - .15 .20 4.90 - 2.60 10.00 -
31 trJJom;bl; 267 56.05 21.00 20.00 1.75 - 71.99 43.20 - - 35.20 10.00 143.50
32 uuwpf 81 - 18.20 .40 0 - .05 .06 3.10 - 3.00 46.00 -
33 uPef; 92 - 12.40 2.90 32.20 210.00 .03 .24 2.40 - 1.40 120.00 -
34 uwful&H 77 - 17.90 .10 - - - .02 .05 1.80 - 66.00 -
35 c½k 77 - 10.60 .90 4.80 118.00 .11 .28 1.60 - 8.60 1163.0 -
36 *Hk; 73 - 10.50 1.30 4.00 48.00 .07 .14 1.80 5.00 7.80 116.00 -
37 ig;Muif;ajcmuf 203 - 45.10 1.20 0 - .14 .04 2.20 - 6.40 140.00 -
38 ig;Muif;tkyfpk 90 - 19.50 .08 3.20 - - - .70 - 1.10 350.00 -
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
ADwmrifat (RE)
tqD"gwf (*&rf)
umAdk[dkufN'dwf
ADwmrifbD(1)
ADwmrifbD(2)
tiftm;"gwf
tpm;tpm
(u,fvdk&D)
(rDvD*&rf)
ADwmrifpD
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
pOf
Edkif,mpif
rD;pHk;"gwf
trnf
y½dkwif;
xHk;"gwf
a&"gwf
oH"gwf
(*&rf)
(*&rf)
39 ig;usnf; 104 - 19.00 - - - .03 .06 .06 - 1.00 46.00 -
40 ig;usnf;ajcmuf 203 - 45.10 1.20 0 - .14 .04 2.20 - 6.40 140.00 -
41 ig;uGef;&Syf 103 - 18.50 2.70 - 10.00 .07 .17 6.60 - 1.30 28.00 -
42 ig;cl 98 - 18.20 2.20 - 85.00 .10 .04 2.20 - .20 34.00 -
43 ig;cHk;r 96 - 20.00 1.20 - - .04 .11 .06 - 1.10 50.10 -
44 ig;csOf 120 - 12.20 5.60 4.50 71.77 .03 .84 3.40 - 7.00 326.00 -
45 ig;yd(ig;) 113 - 19.50 1.80 3.40 155.00 - .08 .80 - 38.10 926.00 -
46 ig;iHjym&nf 40 - 4.40 .10 52.6 - .01 .02 - - 1.80 15.00 -
47 ig;Zif;jym; 104 74.93 21.12 1.87 - 10.39 .013 .044 .85 - 3.71 91.05 17.84
48 ig;wHcGef 116 75.66 17.40 4.60 - 18.001 0.09 0.14 2.90 - 1.10 42.00 147.70
49 ig;yvmwl; 98 - 18.50 2.10 - 16.30 .05 .09 7.90 - 1.20 94.00 -
50 ig;yd&nfusKd 152 - 15.20 8.00 3.90 51.05 .02 .16 .80 - 3.40 22.00 -
51 ig;ylwif; 92 - 20.20 .70 - 5.00 - - - - .60 18.00 -
52 ig;ykyfajcmuf 207 - 44.60 2.10 2.00 - .16 - - - 1.20 4.00 -
53 ig;ykwfoif 102 - 19.20 2.20 - 23.00 .04 .15 3.70 - 1.00 41.00 -
54 ig;ajyr 137 - 17.20 7.10 - 335.0 .02 .27 3.20 - 1.60 98.00 -
55 ig;jyuf 113 - 18.00 4.00 - 15.00 .15 .20 8.00 3.00 1.00 7.00 -
56 ig;azmif½kd; 94 - 18.60 1.60 - tenf;i,f .04 3.00 - 1.20 121.00 -
57 ig;z,f 89 - 17.50 1.60 - 60.00 .04 .07 8.50 - 1.20 45.00 -
58 ig;bwf 84 - 17.30 1.10 - 100.00 .01 .84 1.40 - 1.10 49.00 -
59 ig;ref; 100 - 20.60 1.30 - - .02 .03 4.40 - 1.40 32.00 -
60 ig;jrif; 115 - 18.90 3.80 - - .06 .18 2.60 - 1.10 34.00 -
61 ig;jrpfcsif; 97 - 16.60 1.40 4.40 - .05 .07 .70 22.00 1.00 650.00 -
62 ig;a>rxdk; 89 - 14.30 .80 - - - - - - .70 294.00 -
63 ig;a>rxdk;ajcmuf 298 - 52.50 9.70 .30 - .13 .13 - - 14.50 2.20 625.00
64 ig;rkwfteuf 94 - 15.30 3.20 - - .02 .09 2.10 - 1.50 32.00 -
65 ig;rkwftjzL 119 - 16.80 5.20 - - .19 .18 .40 - .30 23.00 -
66 ig;&HU 89 - 18.50 1.60 .04 24.92 .04 .12 2.30 - 1.90 96.00 -
67 ig;&HUajcmuf 328 - 66.10 - - - .12 .13 4.42 - 9.10 138.00 -
68 ig;a&T 126 - 18.20 5.40 - 59.46 .06 .09 2.70 - 1.40 112.00 -
69 ig;&SOfU 153 - 19.00 8.00 0 145.67 .06 .04 5.00 0 4.00 150.00 -
70 ig;ovJxdk; 88 - 15.00 2.70 0 29.73 - - - 0 5.80 28.00 -
71 ig;ovJxdk;ajcmuf 280 - 71.40 3.40 - - .10 .16 - - 2.80 1700.00 -
72 ig;oavmuf 273 - 21.80 19.40 2.90 - - - 2.80 24.00 2.10 180.00 -
73 ig;tBuD;(tqDrsm;) 166 - 15.90 10.90 - 45.00 .05 .13 3.20 - .70 20.00 -
74 ig;tBuD;(tqDenf;) 75 - 16.60 .50 - - .15 .10 3.20 - .70 20.00 -
75 ig;tBuD;tajcmuf 335 - 58.60 9.40 0 - .08 .31 4.60 - .90 190.00 -
76 ig;tao; 93 - 20.30 .80 - - .02 .15 3.20 - 1.50 689.00 -
77 ig;tao;ajcmuf 335 - 58.60 9.40 - - .10 .27 .10 0 2.50 1700.00 -
78 pdrf;pm;ig;yd 120 - 18.30 2.20 6.50 - .01 - - - 3.00 1426.00 -
79 pdrf;pm;ig;yd(rQif) 165 - 29.80 1.20 6.50 - .09 - - - 14.80 950.00 -
80 wvm;AD;,m; 116 - 18.80 2.80 - 28.00 .03 .12 3.10 - .40 54.00 -
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(RE)
umAdk[ dku fN'dw f
ADw mrifb D( 1)
ADw mrifb D( 2)
tift m;"gwf
ADw mrifat
(u,fv dk&D)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
ADw mrifpD
Edkif, mpif
tqD"gwf
rD; pHk; "gwf

pOf tpm;tpmtrnf
y½dkw if;
xHk; "gwf
a&"gwf
oH"gwf
(*&rf)
(*&rf)
(*&rf)
81 jynfBuD;ig; 75 - 15.30 .80 .70 15.00 .05 .15 3.30 - - 15.00 -
82 ykpGef 95 - 19.20 2.00 .90 19.80 .08 .12 2.30 - 1.00 134.00 -
83 ykpGefcsOf 66 - 11.70 1.00 1.80 - .10 1.10 .60 - 6.20 476.00 -
84 ykpGefajcmuf 338 - 77.10 3.00 15.60 - .06 .27 5.70 - 19.60 251.00 -
85 ykpGefiHjym&nf 93 - 16.20 1.90 1.60 117.10 .01 .05 1.00 - 9.20 710.00 -
86 ykpGefqdwf 82 - 16.20 1.30 .40 - .04 .13 2.00 - 2.20 161.00 -
87 ykpGefxkyf 94 - 17.90 1.40 1.20 25.50 .01 .08 3.00 2.00 1.00 58.00 -
88 tmNyJajcmuf 314 - 70.60 1.10 2.50 - .13 .16 .20 - 9.10 11.80 -
5/qDt rsKd; rsKd;
(RE)
tqD"gwf (*&rf)
umAdk[ dku fN'dw f
ADw mrifb D( 1)
ADw mrifb D( 2)
tift m;"gwf
ADw mrifat
tpm;tpm
(u,fv dk&D)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
ADw mrifpD
Edkif, mpif
rD; pHk; "gwf

pOf
y½dkw if;
xHk; "gwf
a&"gwf
oH"gwf
(*&rf)
trnf
(*&rf)
1 pm;tkef;qD 900 - - 100.00 - - - - - - - - -

2 ESrf;qD 881 - .20 99.70 .10 - .01 .07 .10 - .10 10.00 -
3 axmywfqD 729 - .90 52.40 .20 715.00 .01 .02 .10 - .20 12.00 -
4 yJykyfqD 883 - - 99.90 - - - - - - - - -
5 ajryJqD 884 - tenf;i,f 99.90 - - - - - - - - -
6 0ufqD 902 - - 100.00 - - - - - - - - -
7 tkef;qD 883 - tenf;i,f 99.90 - - tenf;i,f tenf;i,f tenf;i,f - - 2.00 -
8 trJqD 900 - - 100.00 - 600.00 - - - - - - -
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
6/ yJtrsKd;rsKd;
umAdk[dkufN'dwf
ADwmrifb(D 1)
ADwmrifb(D 2)
tiftm;"gwf
ADwmrifat
(u,fvdk&D)
(rDvD*&rf)
ADwmrifpD
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
tpm;tpm
Edkif,mpif
tqD"gwf
rD;pHk;"gwf
pOf
y½dkwif;
xHk;"gwf
a&"gwf
oH"gwf
(*&rf)
trnf
(*&rf)
(*&rf)
(RE)
1 ukvm;yJjcrf; 368 10.17 18.60 4.20 63.90 82.40 .27 .26 1.20 - 1.40 126.00 -
2 ukvm;yJrIefY 365 13.30 11.40 5.60 67.30 3.30 .12 .33 .598 16.90 2.40 100.00 298.70
3 pm;awmfyJ (yJjyKwf) 247 - 16.50 1.00 44.60 11.71 .77 .18 1.10 - 3.30 42.00 360.60
4 pGefwmeD 336 14.78 21.20 1.55 59.21 - .65 .25 - - 6.60 300.00 345.50
5 wdkY[l; 157 - 10.30 19.00 1.10 - .04 .02 .40 - 4.70 310.00 -
6 yJuwåDyg 334 12.60 16.60 0.09 33.50 20.00 .40 .12 1.80 - 10.10 144.00 283.72
7 yJMumqH 340 - .30 .20 82.20 - .05 .01 .20 1.00 1.60 20.00 -
8 yJMum; 361 8.60 20.13 1.66 66.32 - .60 .29 - - 6.34 156.00 312.10
9 yJBuD; 352 9.21 24.60 .80 61.00 135.00 .17 .12 1.80 0 3.60 178.00 337.90
10 yJig;ydtajcmuf 400 - 35.10 17.70 32.20 5.00 .66 .22 2.20 - 8.50 226.00 -
11 yJig;ydtpdk 194 - 11.60 5.28 27.20 40.00 .07 1.19 - - 1.30 55.00 -
12 yJiHjym&nftBuJ 55 - 5.20 .50 8.10 - .40 .17 .90 tenf;i,f 4.80 65.00 -
13 yJiHjym&nftyspf 86 - 5.50 .60 15.10 - .20 3.32 1.20 - 4.40 85.00 -
14 yJpif;iHk 351 10.82 22.20 1.50 62.30 26.43 .36 .31 2.20 - 5.20 112.00 115.90
15 yJapmif;vsm; 54 86.00 .90 - 12.70 - .122 .04 4.13 44.80 15.00 44.55 71.00
16 yJwDpdrf; 347 11.26 23.38 1.03 61.00 - .13 - - - 8.97 129.20 386.60
17 yJaxmywf 335 - 16.00 1.90 66.00 Trace .46 .33 .24 - 8.60 210.00 285.75
18 yJeDav; 340 10.59 22.90 1.20 61.80 28.00 .53 .26 2.50 tenf;i,f 7.10 105.00 322.51
19 yJydpyf 354 9.00 28.90 4.10 53.80 71.00 .42 .20 .59 9.73 8.20 294.00 3.11
20 yJykyftajcmuf 400 13.40 35.00 18.00 32.00 1.80 .66 .22 2.20 0 - 254.00 402.80
21 yJykyftpkd 355 - 31.30 16.70 26.10 - - - - - 7.30 197.00 -
22 yJjym; 113 - 13.30 6.50 3.10 3.30 .06 .03 - - 2.80 136.00 -
23 yJjzLav; 371 10.78 19.16 1.11 66.20 - .25 .21 1.40 - 6.89 121.20 265.70
24 yJ0gav; 344 8.60 21.00 1.60 63.40 10.00 .58 .20 2.10 2.00 8.40 110.00 259.70
25 ykef;&nfBuD; 229 42.05 12.65 2.32 39.28 - .05 - tenf;i,f 3.07 6.42 41.44 259.30
26 AdkvfudwfyJ 344 - 21.90 4.60 63.40 3.30 .58 .20 2.30 2.00 5.50 110.00 -
27 Adkvfpm;yJ 26 93.00 1.81 .20 4.69 33.03 .07 .08 1.80 4.69 2.10 7.60 48.00
28 rwfyJteuf 370 8.69 23.73 3.01 61.37 191.59 .50 .18 3.00 - 11.60 321.50 389.60
29 ajryJ 548 9.43 23.40 45.30 21.60 0 1.00 .13 16.80 0 2.20 58.08 346.10
30 ajryJavSmf 557 - 27.10 48.10 14.80 6.60 .53 .17 15.30 5.00 2.30 48.00 -
7/EdkYESihfEdkYx Gu fypön f; rsm;

vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(RE)
tqD"gwf (*&rf)
umAdk[ dku fN'dw f
ADw mrifb D( 1)
ADw mrifb D( 2)
tift m;"gwf
ADw mrifat
(u,fv dk&D)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
ADw mrifpD
Edkif, mpif
pOf tpm;tpmtrnf
rD; pHk; "gwf

y½dkw if;
xHk; "gwf
a&"gwf
oH"gwf
(*&rf)
(*&rf)
1 uRJEdkY 115 - 5.20 8.70 4.30 50.00 .04 .16 .10 - .10 210.00 -
2 qdwfEdkY 65 - 3.40 3.80 4.50 35.00 .14 .13 .30 1.00 .10 142.00 -
3 'defcJ 92 - 15.40 .80 4.90 - .07 .18 .70 - .20 89.00 -
4 'defcsOf 60 - 3.10 4.00 3.00 31.00 .50 .16 .10 1.00 .20 149.00 -
5 EGm;EdkfY 75 84.72 3.20 4.90 4.60 33.03 .06 .17 .10 .12 .20 110.00 103.90
6 EGm;EdkUuif 376.20 43.30 19.20 32.17 2.40 - - - - - 3.41 425.85 137.30
7 EGm;EdkYcJcsuf 361.30 45.90 13.80 23.65 13.20 - - - - - 3.40 1028.80 156.10
8 EdkYqD 337 26.00 7.69 9.35 55.56 32.00 .08 .40 .67 - .15 .37 21.512
9 EdkYrIefY (rvdkifjynfh) 477 - 22.00 22.50 38.20 340.00 .29 1.45 .70 6.00 .50 909.00 -
10 EdkYrIefY (tqDrxkwf) 497 4.448 29.68 27.12 33.50 345.00 .29 1.57 .62 - 1.04 827.30 714.50
UNICEF
11 EdkYrIefY(tqDryg) 363 - 35.90 .80 52.30 8.00 .35 1.80 .90 7.00 .60 1300.00 -
12 EdkYrIefY (tqDvGwf) 343 6.817 36.16 .431 48.64 406.60 .34 1.92 1.35 - 1.48 1264.00 1031.0
UNICEF
13 yJEdkY&nf 35.90 92.00 1.60 .46 6.40 - - - - - - - -
14 rdcifEdkY 62 - 1.50 3.20 7.00 44.44 .02 .07 .20 4.00 .20 34.00 -
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
8/ [if;oD;rsm;
ADwmrifat (RE)
tqD"gwf (*&rf)
umAdk[dkuNf 'dwf
ADwmrifb(D 1)
ADwmrifb(D 2)
tiftm;"gwf
(u,fvdk&D)
(rDvD*&rf)
ADwmrifpD
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
Edkif,mpif
pOf tpm;tpmtrnf
rD;pHk;"gwf
y½dkwif;
xHk;"gwf
a&"gwf
oH"gwf
(*&rf)
(*&rf)
1 ukvm;atmfoD; - 89.92 2.89 - - 5.41 - - 2.96 59.9 .92 14.93 19.25
2 uif;yHkoD; 20 90.00 .69 0 5.30 - - - 14.00 9.7 .60 25.00 25.00
3 ausmufz½HkoD; 12 97.00 .50 .10 2.90 .90 .03 .03 .20 20.00 .40 17.00 16.62
4 Muuff[if;cg;oD; 19 93.09 .80 .10 4.50 18.32 .06 .04 .30 57.00 2.30 26.00 19.25
5 aMumifvQmoD; 48 77.09 9.98 1.00 10.97 - .01 .14 tenf;i,f 57.50 1.14 4.516 48.16
6 c&rf;oD; 26 89.00 2.60 .20 5.60 8.40 .08 .07 .70 6.00 1.90 22.00 43.00
7 c&rf;csOfoD; 20 93.00 1.20 .30 4.20 83.48 .06 .04 .06 23.00 .60 7.00 142.17
8 c0JoD; 17 93.60 4.10 .70 .10 5.10 .03 .03 .20 6.00 .50 25.00 25.00
9 a*:&cg;oD; 19 93.60 .70 .10 4.60 2.40 .01 .02 .40 14.00 .40 17.00 20.00
10 i½kyfoD;pdrf; 116 88.38 6.30 1.40 24.80 1090.10 .37 .51 2.50 96.00 3.60 86.00 44.37
11 i½kyfoD;yk(ajcmuf) - 12.04 10.19 - - - - - .60 97.56 1.852 29.83 147.25
12 i½kyfoD;rSnhf - 75.48 5.25 - - 177.20 - - 1.66 103.00 2.91 17.84 46.84
13 i½kyfoD;&Snf(ajcmuf) - 16.00 13.69 - - - - - - - 33.78 107.60 494.26
14 qD;jzLoD; 58 85.00 .73 - - 19.52 .043 .29 tenf;i,f 960.00 .85 60.00 12.00
15 'efYovGefoD; 42 86.00 2.50 .20 9.50 12.31 .05 .06 .60 156.00 .80 58.00 69.20
16 'nif;oD; 92 44.90 6.20 .20 16.90 65.16 .14 .01 .40 8.00 .70 23.00 83.73
17 yJapmif;vsm;oD; 34 - 1.90 .10 7.90 56.16 .19 .08 1.00 21.00 .20 53.00 -
18 yJvif;a>roD; 18 93.00 .98 - 4.50 137.00 .04 .05 .70 6.00 1.00 19.00 43.00
19 yJoD;awmifh 28 - 1.90 .40 5.60 162.00 .05 .10 .60 18.00 1.20 75.00 -
20 zefcg;oD; 78 80.30 .71 .40 18.01 30.63 .038 .04 5.72 207.00 1.48 80.00 65.61
21 bl;oD; 16 97.00 .60 .20 3.50 1.80 .03 .03 .40 10.00 .40 14.00 12.40
22 Akdvfpm;yJoD; 92 - 8.20 .50 14.70 22.20 .34 .17 2.10 26.00 1.80 26.00
23 refusnf;oD;pdrf; - 78.95 .23 - - - - - tenf;i,f 12.31 1.85 80.79 37.80
24 refusnf;oD;rSnfh 214 - 2.30 .20 56.70 5.00 .22 .08 1.10 3.00 1.30 81.00 -
25 ½Hk;ywDoD; 31 96.78 1.80 .10 7.60 23.10 .07 .08 .80 18.00 1.00 90.00 8.20
26 a&SmufoD; 28 87.59 .70 .80 7.60 8.00 .04 .02 .10 50.00 .30 32.00 16.01
27 a&TyJoD; 107.3 - 18.81 .35 - - - - 12.47 - 2.80 27.70 -
28 a&Tz½HkoD; 27 86.21 .70 .20 6.60 129.70 .03 .04 .50 14.00 .70 24.00 93.34
29 ocGg;oD; 12 94.30 .60 .10 2.70 14.11 .03 .04 .20 11.00 .40 21.00 55.20
30 oHyk&moD; 36 86.95 .50 2.40 5.90 5.00 .03 .02 8.10 46.00 - 13.00 13.41
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
9/ opfoD;rsm;ESifhopfaphrsm;
ADwmrifat(RE)
tqD"gwf (*&rf)
umAdk[dkuNf 'dwf
ADwmrifb(D 1)
ADwmrifb(D 2)
tiftm;"gwf
(u,fvdk&D)
(rDvD*&rf)
ADwmrifpD
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
pOf tpm;tpmtrnf
Edkif,mpif
rD;pHk;"gwf
y½dkwif;
xHk;"gwf
a&"gwf
oH"gwf
(*&rf)
(*&rf)
1 uepdkoD; 60 - .80 tenf;i,f 15.90 - .05 .13 .30 72.00 .40 14.00 -
2 urÁvmoD; 44 - .70 .10 11.20 24.92 .07 .03 .30 43.00 .40 42.00 -
3 uRJaumoD; 39 92.11 .70 .30 9.50 5.01 .05 .02 .30 53.00 .50 27.00 17.54
4 MuufarmufoD; 64 - 1.00 .10 16.50 - .01 .06 .40 53.00 1.90 20.00 -
5 cs,f&DoD; 46 - 1.10 .60 10.30 18.01 .03 .03 .40 11.00 .90 19.00 -
6 *&dwfz½koD; 39 - .60 .10 10.10 30.00 .07 .06 .50 38.00 1.00 12.00 -
7 iSufaysmoD;pdrf; 110 - 1.40 .20 28.70 47.74 .04 .02 .60 31.00 .90 8.00 -
8 iSufaysmoD;(axmywf) 100 92.66 1.20 .30 26.10 36.93 .03 .04 .60 14.00 .08 12.00 35.96
9 iSufaysmoD;(zD;Murf;) 108 - .80 .10 26.50 78.40 .08 .04 .70 7.00 .30 20.00 -
10 iSufaysmoD;(&cdkif) 124 - .90 .10 30.40 37.20 .01 .02 1.60 10.00 .50 19.00 -
11 iSufaysmoD;(0ufrvGwf) 72 - 1.80 .20 18.00 13.20 .03 .04 .60 8.00 1.30 10.00 -
12 pawmfb,f&DoD; 34 - .80 .50 2.60 1.80 .04 .03 .40 53.00 .90 25.00 -
13 pyspfoD;tpdrf; - 90.81 .68 - - 52.80 - - - 4.26 .08 16.66 29.24
14 pyspfoD;tñdk - 86.29 .023 - - 11.00 - - 1.50 4.47 1.46 12.78 37.35
15 apmif;vsm;oD;csKd 25 93.40 .22 .35 5.71 1136.0 .07 .04 - 103.20 .81 12.40 45.20
16 apmif;vsm;oD;csOf 21 94.50 .32 .31 4.57 16.29 .06 .04 .91 103.20 .80 12.20 45.00
17 qD;oD; 45 - 1.90 .10 11.40 9.90 .02 .05 .50 62.00 .60 32.00 -
18 w½kwfqD;oD; 82 - 1.60 .40 20.50 6.60 .03 .03 .70 46.00 .80 37.00 -
19 xef;oD; 22 - 1.70 .50 2.80 - .06 .05 .40 2.00 2.80 86.00 -
20 axmywfoD; 102 75.84 1.10 6.10 13.20 33.93 .05 .10 1.40 0 .70 12.00 21.68
21 'l;&if;oD; 124 73.85 2.50 1.60 28.30 1.50 .27 .29 .20 35.00 .90 20.00 66.60
22 emewfoD; 47 90.60 .70 .30 11.60 5.70 .06 .03 .30 22.00 .50 17.00 23.00
23 yifrSnfhoD; 94 - 2.40 2.20 18.90 - - .10 1.40 17.00 1.20 11.00 -
24 yef;oD; 51 - .40 .30 13.20 3.30 .02 .03 .20 4.00 .50 10.00 -
25 ydEJéoD;rSnfh 94 60.00 1.70 .30 23.70 118.00 .09 .11 .70 9.00 .60 27.00 71.00
26 z&JoD;teD 32 91.76 .55 - 7.51 23.12 - - .12 - .94 12.95 8.75
27 r&rf;oD;pdrf; 46 89.51 1.00 - 11.90 - .04 .03 - 243.00 .50 90.00 54.00
28 r&rf;oD;rSnhf 60 86.90 .80 .10 15.70 39.64 .04 .04 .40 107.00 .90 12.00 54.50
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
ADwmrifat (RE)
tqD"gwf (*&rf)
y½dkwif; (*&rf)
umAdk[dkufN'dwf
ADwmrifb(D 1)
ADwmrifb(D 2)
tiftm;"gwf
(u,fvdk&D)
(rDvD*&rf)
rD;pkef;"gwf
ADwmrifpD
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
pOf tpm;tpmtrnf
Edkif,mpif
xHk;"gwf
a&"gwf
oH"gwf
(*&rf)
29 rmvumoD; 69 83.85 1.00 .40 17.30 12.31 .05 .04 1.10 132.00 .70 15.00 19.44
30 rufref;oD; 45 85.80 .50 .30 11.40 15.01 .02 .05 .50 8.00 .60 10.001 12.00
31 rufrGefoD; 39 - .60 .20 9.90 - .01 .01 .70 - 1.10 4.00 -
32 rif;*GwfoD; 57 83.00 .50 .30 14.70 - .03 .02 .60 4.00 .50 10.00 27.00
33 ,dk;',m;qD;oD; - 85.70 1.79 - - - - - .80 106.75 .21 29.32 60.54
34 a&SmufcsKdoD; 35 - .70 .30 17.30 - - .04 - 45.00 .70 30.00 -
35 vdar®mfoD; 41 90.64 .70 .20 9.90 76.87 .07 .04 .40 43.00 .30 32.30 41.00
36 vdkifcsD;oD; 65 - 0.80 .40 16.30 - .03 .02 .60 4.00 .30 10.00 -
37 oMum;oD; 57 - .40 .70 13.90 .90 .05 .03 .90 14.00 1.20 9.00 -
38 o&ufoD;rSnfh 62 82.00 .60 .30 15.90 310.50 .06 .05 .60 36.00 .30 10.00 65.87
39 ovJoD; 72 83.00 1.00 .60 17.70 - .07 .01 .30 7.00 .70 13.00 19.00
40 oabFmoD;(trSnfh) 45 92.66 .50 .10 11.80 117.41 .03 .05 .40 73.00 .70 24.00 35.66
41 opfMum;oD; 501 4.90 1.04 30.77 54.99 - - - - - 7.90 219.80 86.80
42 opfawmfoD; 44 88.00 .40 .20 11.40 tenfi,f .03 .13 .10 4.00 .60 10.00 23.60
43 opfwdkoD; 62 83.94 .45 - 15.08 - - - 1.27 - 1.39 38.66 12.10
44 OoQpfoD;trSnhf - 74.58 2.28 - - - - - - - 18.09 54.29 83.71
45 MoZmoD; 76 80.78 1.50 .30 19.00 3.30 .11 .70 - 21.00 .50 27.00 36.61
46 uGmapY 574 6.80 28.30 38.61 28.41 - - - - - 10.40 112.90 130.19
47 aeMumapY 490 - 16.70 32.80 38.60 - - .07 2.40 - 5.80 92.00 -
48 ydEéJapY 151 - 4.30 .40 32.60 13.00 .18 .05 .50 17.00 1.20 35.00 -
49 z&JapY 536 - 22.70 41.20 27.50 5.00 .22 .10 2.60 - 7.70 82.00 -
50 Am'HapY (Aef'gapY) 354 41.59 16.50 27.00 11.27 - - - - - 21.90 300.00 125.10
51 a&Tz½HkapY 569 - 24.20 50.40 15.50 280.00 .27 .27 4.30 - 9.80 42.00 -
52 oD[dkapYajcmuf 568 - 18.40 46.30 28.70 3.00 .25 .34 2.40 1.00 3.60 28.00 -
53 opfMum;oD; 647 - 18.20 63.60 12.60 - .50 .08 3.00 5.00 3.00 106.00 -
54 tkef;EdkY 259 - 4.60 28.20 1.70 - .05 .12 .40 5.00 1.40 11.00 -
55 tkef;oD; 312 - 3.20 28.20 16.00 - .05 .03 .60 3.00 2.50 23.00 -
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
10/ [if;&Gufrsm;
ADwmrifat (RE)
tqD"gwf (*&rf)
y½dkwif; (*&rf)
umAdk[dkuNf 'dwf
tpm;tpm
ADwmrifb(D 1)
ADwmrifb(D 2)
tiftm;"gwf
pOf
(rDvD*&rf)
(u,fvdk&D)
(rDvD*&rf)
ADwmrifpD
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
Edkif,mpif
rD;pHk;"gwf
trnf
xHk;"gwf
a&"gwf
oH"gwf
(*&rf)
1 uñGwf (Asparagus) 21 - 2.50 .30 3.60 62.80 .15 .18 .80 20.00 1.40 16.00 -
2 uif;yGef;csOf 64 83.00 6.40 .60 9.70 9245.60 .05 .10 8.50 40.00 3.70 128.20 87.95
3 uif;yHk&Guf 28 90.50 4.90 .40 4.20 1791.00 .17 .13 3.80 48.00 4.60 126.00 74.83
4 udkufvef 28 - 3.57 - - - - - 60.00 - 4.55 6.54 -
5 uefpGef;BuD;&Guf - 85.88 3.54 - - - - - tenf;i,f - 5.24 46.67 69.53
6 uefpGef;&Guf 42 81.45 3.20 .70 8.00 445.90 .13 .26 .90 21.00 4.50 86.00 26.60
7 ausmufyGifhtrsKd;rsKd; 55 - .20 .10 15.00 - .01 .04 .10 - 2.90 119.00 -
8 MuufoGefeDNrdwf 28 - 1.60 .40 5.80 147.10 .06 .11 .50 29.00 1.20 43.00 -
9 MuufoGefjzLNrdwf 76 - 1.20 .30 20.00 33.03 .14 .06 .50 42.00 1.70 12.00 -
10 uGrf;&Guf 42 - 3.00 tenf;i,f .80 2279.30 0.15 .25 .70 5.00 5.70 150.00 -
11 csOfaygif&Guf 44 86.25 1.90 .30 10.60 1247.20 .02 .05 1.80 34.00 1.50 136.00 36.70
12 a*:zDxkyf 22 92.64 1.60 .30 4.40 46.25 .06 .06 .30 46.00 .80 55.00 27.43
13 a*:zDyGihf 29 88.33 2.80 .20 5.70 9.00 .07 .08 .68 72.00 1.00 30.00 43.81
14 a*:&cg;nGefY 25 - 4.00 .30 3.50 758.00 .07 .09 .80 24.00 1.40 62.00 -
15 qvyf&Guf 20 93.38 1.40 .30 3.90 336.03 .06 .12 .50 17.00 5.10 56.00 36.13
16 ql;ykyf&Guf 90 76.60 11.34 .50 10.56 8828.82 - .26 1.77 176.0 42.00 44.00 194.00
17 qdwfzl; 18 94.65 .94 - 3.55 - - - - 17.50 .85 40.00 32.90
18 wrm&Guf 158 63.35 11.60 3.00 8.60 1380.00 .06 - 1.50 100.00 25.30 130.00 149.20
19 w½kwfeHeH 21 - 1.40 .30 4.20 171.77 .06 .07 .40 20.00 2.50 62.00 -
20 xdu½Hk; 22 - 1.40 - 5.10 1075.10 .12 .05 - 18.00 1.40 35.00 -
21 'efYovGef&Guf 72 73.33 7.40 1.50 11.60 1462.46 .20 .73 3.40 167.00 3.60 297.00 94.78
22 eHeHyif 37 89.60 2.60 .60 7.30 472.40 .11 .15 1.30 78.00 4.50 133.00 50.00
23 y'wfpm 38 89.00 1.20 - 82.00 - .01 - - - 23.00 85.00 30.00
24 yJñGefY 47 - 5.00 .50 8.50 1573.00 .28 - - 29.00 6.20 134.00 -
25 ydef;½dk; 24 - .50 .20 5.80 29.70 .02 .04 .40 13.00 .90 49.00 -
26 yJyifayguf 30 95.60 4.20 .20 5.00 3.30 .115 .10 .80 18.00 1.20 15.00 85.00
27 ylpDeH 32 - 3.00 .70 5.40 356.80 .13 .16 .70 64.00 3.80 194.00 -
28 yifpdrf;&Guf 40 85.61 3.40 .80 7.00 1312.90 .10 .28 .60 26.00 2.00 92.00 119.29
29 ysOf;awmfodrf 88 61.22 9.70 1.70 14.10 990.90 .08 .21 2.30 12.00 3.10 811.00 86.44
30 z½HkñGefY 20 - 3.00 .40 3.00 970.00 .90 .13 .90 11.00 2.10 37.00 -
31 zvHawmifa0S; - 96.69 0.38 - - - - - 2.10 3.12 12.76 10.13 37.24
32 bl;ñGefY 37 90.10 5.10 - 4.10 4624.60 .05 .06 - 95.00 11.50 56.00 140.00
33 ref;usnf;&Guf 101 74.30 5.40 1.00 19.90 1845.34 .02 .03 1.50 6.00 2.70 6.00 32.00
34 rkefñSif;&Guf 24 92.05 2.40 .40 4.30 301.50 .06 1.40 .80 73.00 2.70 160.00 142.43
35 rkefvmxkyf 14 - 1.40 .10 2.80 146.80 .05 .07 .60 38.00 .70 49.00 -
36 rkefvmyifayguf 19 - 1.80 .10 3.80 594.60 .08 .25 .50 70.00 1.20 140.00 -
37 rkefvm&Guf 33 49.20 3.30 .60 5.70 1235.00 .18 .28 4.10 81.00 4.10 220.00 112.51
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
(RE)
tqD"gwf (*&rf)
y½dkw if; (*&rf)
umAdk[ dku fN'dw f
ADw mrifb D( 1)
ADw mrifb D( 2)
tpm;tpm
tift m;"gwf
ADw mrifat
(rDv D*&rf)
(u,fv dk&D)
(rDv D*&rf)
pOf
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
ADw mrifpD
Edkif, mpif
rD; pHk; "gwf

trnf
xHk; "gwf
a&"gwf
oH"gwf
(*&rf)
38 rJZvD&Guf 100 73.5 7.10 1.0 17.9 4354.0 0.04 .69 1.3 101. 17.0 44.0 120.0
0
39 jrif;cGg&Guf 34 90.7 1.6 .6 6.9 1086.8 .15 .14 1.2 4.0 4.1 170.0 63.95
40 rIdaumuf½kd; 34 90.0 2.1 1.0 4.9 - .12 .33 9.1 2.0 1.7 7.0 104.04
41 &J,dk&Guf 85 77.8 4.02 - 17.2 5270.3 .02 .04 tenf;i,f 100. 3.2 36.5 31.0
8
42 a&Smuf&Guf 56 81.7 3.1 .001 13.6 1971.1 .03 .2 3.4 213. 4.3 33.5 76.8
7
43 oD[dk&Guf 101 76.4 5.2 .6 23.1 101.5 - - 1.96 - 6.5 22.06 104.8
44 oabFm&Guf 75 79.6 6.1 2.0 12.7 6096.0 .01 .07 1.6 264. 25.0 335.0 220.0
9 0
45 [if;Eke,f&Guf 45 86.2 5.4 .5 5.9 5606.6 .06 .2 1.2 22.0 3.8 192.0 95.2
46 OoQpf&Guf - 68.1 7.04 - - - - - 5.6 - 10.5 389.4 164.6
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
11/ rkefYyJom;&nfpmrsm;
ADwmrifat (RE)
tqD"gwf (*&rf)
umAdk[dkuNf 'dwf
ADwmrifbD(1)
ADwmrifbD(2)
tiftm;"gwf
tpm;tpm
(u,fvdk&D)
(rDvD*&rf)
ADwmrifpD
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
pOf
Edkif,mpif
rD;pHk;"gwf
y½dkwif;
xHk;"gwf
a&"gwf
trnf
oH"gwf
(*&rf)
(*&rf)
1 ua&u&m 313 - 5.8 1.1 69.8 - - - - - 10.3 - -
2 uD;rm;yvmwm 224 46.9 11.6 10.3 31.1 - - - - - - - -
3 ukvm;yJjcrf;aMumf 583 2.5 11.3 38.8 47.4 - - - - - - - -
4 ukvm;yJokyf 93 75.0 4.5 .1 18.2 - - - - - 2.6 - -
5 aumfjyefYaMumf 346 52.1 .3 31.4 15.3 - - - 1.2 35.7 2.6 1265.5 2.9
6 aumfjyefYpdrf; 121 72.1 3.7 2.7 20.5 - - - - - 1.4 - -
7 aumufñSif;cGufaMumf 428 14.1 8.7 19.3 54.7 - - - - - 3.1 - -
8 aumufñSif;aygif; 217 - 5.0 1.0 45.6 - - - - - .7 5.0 -
9 aumufñSif;xkyf 284 - 19.3 14.0 38.0 7.8 .07 .04 1.0 4.30 2.0 22.4 -
10 aumufñif;jyefaygif; 235 - 5.1 4.9 42.0 - - - - - .9 14.0 -
11 udwfrkefY 393.1 17.5 8.8 12.6 60.9 - - - - - 10.9 121.6 65.4
12 udwfrkefYajcmuf 388.6 6.4 8.8 2.8 81.8 - - - - - - - -
13 uyfap;ESJ 26 - .1 - - - - - - - - - -
14 ausmufausm 322 - 3.0 17.0 47.0 108.4 .03 .09 .4 2.3 2.0 21.0 -
15 ausmufz½Hk,dk 329.5 - 2.5 - - - - - - - - - -
16 MumqHokyf 154 64.0 2.9 2.8 29.4 - - - - - - - -
17 MuufOacgufrkefY 387 4.5 7.1 1.0 87.4 - - - - - - - -
18 MuufOylwif; 113 - 5.2 5.9 9.9 - - - - - .5 127.0 -
19 MuufOa0zm 383 7.4 10.0 2.8 79.3 - - - - - - - -
20 MuufOrkefY 308 27.9 15.0 3.4 53.7 - - - 24.0 - 37.1 406.4 14.8
21 MuufoGefaMumf 120 - 1.1 - - - - - - - - - -
22 MuufoGefcsOf 33 89.1 4.96 .1 2.8 - - - 2.2 33.2 23.6 76.8 7.3
23 c&rf;csOfoD;(bl;) 221.2 68.8 4.6 20.0 3.1 - 81.5 71.0 - - 15.40 30.0 100.7
24 acgykyf 246 39.3 5.2 1.8 52.2 - - - - - 3.4 - -
25 acgjyif 197 50.9 5.5 1.9 39.7 - - - - - - - -
26 acgufqJGjyKwf 116 - 3.3 .7 23.7 0 .06 .03 .40 - 1.0 10.0 -
27 acgufqJGokyf 122 - 3.3 4.0 18.7 - .3 .07 4.5 - 1.1 33.0 -
28 csif;(*sif;)okyf 362 33.8 1.2 29.1 24.9 - .1 .07 .4 97.7 5.6 60.5 199.6
29 csKd;(*sdK;)aMumf 380 19.1 8.6 13.9 55.1 - - - - - 8.08 26.08 59.4
30 *sKHvHk;aMumf 249 42.4 6.7 4.5 45.2 - - - - - 4.7 - -
31 ig;rkefY 343 11.86 6.8 .16 78.4 7.5 .009 .006 .3 - 3.2 57.3 66.5
32 ig;rkefYaMumf 545.05 - 3.1 36.6 54.6 - - - - - - - -
33 ig;rkefYaMumf(ig;z,f) 561 34.1 .5 37.3 55.9 - - - - - 12.3 76.3 133.9
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
ADwmrifat (RE)
tqD"gwf (*&rf)
y½dkwif; (*&rf)
umAdk[dkufN'dwf
ADwmrifb(D 1)
ADwmrifb(D 2)
tpm;tpm
tiftm;"gwf
(u,fvdk&D)
(rDvD*&rf)
pOf
ADwmrifpD
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
(rDvD*&rf)
Edkif,mpif
rD;pHk;"gwf
xHk;"gwf
trnf
a&"gwf
oH"gwf
(*&rf)
iSufaysm 282 38.6 4.7 - 56.7 - - - - - - - -
34
aumufñSif;xkyf
35 iSufaysmoD;ajcmuf 34.7 - - .01 - - - .1 .2 - 27.5 53.7 -
36 iSufaysmoD;rkefY 121.4 71.2 3.6 1.8 22.7 - - - - 36.8 13.08 126.3 6.17
37 pvlrkefY 227 66.06 4.2 - - - - - - 46.0 40.1 48.5 32.3
38 pmuav;acG 572 - 15.5 37.9 45.3 - - - - - 5.3 76.0 -
39 qEGif;ruif; 318 - 5.0 21.4 36.3 5.7 1.1 .2 1.3 1.2 4.0 41.2 -
40 qrlpm 309 58.6 .2 28.97 11.7 - - - - - 2.7 1475.1 1.98
41 qDaMumfrkefY 404 7.0 7.8 7.2 77.1 - - - - - - - -
42 qDwdkY[l; 88 67.9 .6 .1 21.23 - - - - - 118.6 192.07 42.1
43 qDxrif; 204 - 3.3 8.7 27.8 - - - - - .9 11.0 -
44 qDxrif;(ig;ajcmufaMumf) 216 - 5.9 9.0 27.5 - - - - - 2.9 34.0 -
45 qdwfEdkYrkefY 415 6.8 8.4 9.5 73.8 - - - - - 6.6 - -
46 ZD;csKdjym; 53 - .30 - - - - - - - .52 222.00 -
47 ZD;jym; 266 - 1.70 - - - - - - - 7.90 69.00 -
48 w½kwfyJrkefY 318 25.30 7.20 4.70 61.70 - - - - - - - -
49 wDauGY 216 46.00 2.70 .48 50.33 - - - - - 55.00 - -
50 wkd&Snf 206 48.60 4.20 .04 47.20 - - - .63 - 17.48 273.51 132.05
51 wdkY[l; 89 77.90 5.41 .24 16.46 - - - - - - - -
52 wdkY[l;aMumf 258 - 21.00 19.80 4.70 - .17 .08 .10 - 10.60 284.00 -
53 wdkY[l;ESpfjyefaMumf 379 12.00 4.41 7.66 73.21 - - - - - 25.64 2.70 -
54 xreJ 243 - 5.00 14.40 54.10 - .05 .08 - - 1.20 12.00 -
55 xrif;aMumf½dk;½dk; 245 - 2.50 12.20 30.60 - - - - - .80 .16 -
56 xrif;*sKd;aMumf 496 - 5.60 20.60 70.30 - - - - - 1.60 21.00 -
57 axmywfaygufayguf 484 2.10 1.80 18.95 76.70 - - - - - 7.30 65.26 47.75
58 xdk;rkefY 272 32.00 4.34 1.14 61.06 - - - - - 15.74 - -
59 xef;oD;rkefY 150 61.20 3.20 .10 34.30 - - - - - - - -
60 emewf,kd 341 14.76 1.09 1.05 80.814 - - - tenf;i,f 54.58 6.62 68.92 88.37
61 eHuxdkif 544 - 4.60 31.60 67.20 - - - - - .50 7.00 -
62 eHjym; 283 - 10.70 .90 60.10 - .20 .05 3.60 - 1.70 234.00 -
63 eHjym;axmywfokwf 361 22.70 6.83 11.89 56.64 - - - - - 6.48 - -
64 EdkYxrif; 86 81.10 2.13 2.56 13.49 - - - - - - - -
65 EdkYxrif;_oMum; 116 - 2.80 .30 22.90 - - - - - .40 8.50 -
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
ADw mrifb D( 1)
ADw mrifb D( 2)
umAdk[ dku fN'd
ADw mrifat
(u,fv dk&D)
wf (*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
tift m;"g
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
ADw mrifpD
Edkif, mpif
tqD"gwf
rD; pHk; "gwf

y½dkw if;
pOf tpm;tpmtrnf
xHk; "gwf
a&"gwf
oH"gwf
(*&rf)
(*&rf)
(RE)
wf
66 EdkYrvdkif(yJ) 387 29.73 7.54 21.70 40.50 - - - - - 1.73 118.70 16.28
67 EdkYrvdkif(,dk) 305 34.26 3.17 9.00 52.70 - - - - - 1.26 171.80 13.75
68 eef;BuD;okyf 156 65.70 6.60 4.41 22.59 - - - - - 3.50 - -
69 ESrf;yspf 534 4.613 12.50 32.00 49.20 - .10 .02 .20 23.13 3.70 381.50 292.50
70 yvmwm 358 24.50 8.40 19.00 63.50 - - - - - - - -
71 yavmyDeHOjyKwf(qD_qm;) 153 61.80 .72 .47 36.47 - - - - - 2.40 58.48 12.90
72 ygyvmaMumf 502 2.50 14.87 25.83 52.54 - - - - - 10.50 - -
73 ykodrf[mv0g 244.1 56.67 .63 15.30 26.00 - - - - - 3.01 1458.59 5.87
74 ylwif;aygifrkefY 296 36.60 9.60 9.10 44.00 - - - - - - - -
75 yJuwÅDygjyKwf 153 - 9.80 .50 28.10 - - - - - 1.80 45.00 -
76 yJBuD;avSmf 366 7.60 27.50 .80 61.00 - 8.04 .18 6.20 - 3.90 178.00 -
77 yJjcrf;aMumf 474 - 13.50 20.10 59.70 - .02 .06 - - 2.50 51.00 -
78 yJyvmwm 251 44.00 6.66 5.89 42.80 - - - - - 30.30 - -
79 yJaygufpD 256 37.40 6.10 1.39 54.69 - - - - - 7.20 - -
80 yJaygifrkefY 280 28.70 7.30 - 62.70 - - - - - - - -
81 yJjyKwf 139 64.31 7.13 .71 25.96 26.46 - - 4.00 2.00 16.80 74.18 120.21
82 yJjyKwfqDqrf; 301 - 14.50 10.30 39.30 - - - - - 3.00 43.00 -
83 yJjyKwfeHjym; 263 46.09 9.98 9.97 33.22 - .12 .16 45.00 - 1.59 328.50 92.49
84 yJvdyf 400 7.32 3.40 14.80 63.80 - - - - 3.68 9.836 220.51 62.42
85 aygufpD 309 21.10 7.45 .42 68.74 - - - - - 15.90 - -
86 aygufaygufqkyf 351 9.70 6.80 1.60 77.40 - - - - - 10.30 298.65 36.50
87 aygifrkefY 282 - 8.80 1.20 57.30 - .11 .05 .90 - 1.00 18.00 -
88 aygifrkefYMuufOaMumf 418 38.43 9.10 34.42 18.05 - .01 .008 14.55 - 6.20 97.90 103.50
89 aygifrkefYaMumf 422 - 7.60 26.60 37.50 - - - - - 1.20 23.00 -
90 aygifrkefYaxmywfokwf 431 - 6.20 18.20 38.20 - .12 .05 6.36 - 3.70 16.00 64.82
91 aygifrkefYtkef;EdkYqrf; 150 - 21.50 5.70 23.30 - - - - - .60 9.00 -
92 jymxkyf 326 - 7.60 1.40 68.50 - - - - - 1.10 14.00 -
93 ajymif;zl;apYaMumf 441.90 1.30 9.50 10.30 77.80 - - - - - 18.60 60.30 50.00
94 ajymif;zl;jyKwf 131 - 4.60 23.50 25.30 80.00 .16 .10 1.40 8.00 1.30 10.00 -
95 b,maMumf 297 43.27 12.90 19.50 17.52 - 1.15 .09 .20 26.88 1.60 54.00 23.94
96 bDpupfrkefY 407 - 9.40 7.80 74.10 - .18 .05 .40 - 1.50 22.00 -
97 bl;oD;aMumf 348 43.50 2.00 25.00 28.70 - .04 .05 3.10 64.25 .30 39.00 37.88
98 bJom;rkefY 296.60 48.70 8.27 19.05 23.03 - - - - - .39 51.40 24.40
99 bdef;rkefY 231 44.39 3.20 2.10 49.20 - 1.15 .02 tenf;i,f - 1.00 12.00 37.50
100 ra&G; 381 6.10 2.80 1.00 90.10 - - - - - - - -
101 rav;&Sm;acgufqJGaMumf 186 62.70 5.70 8.00 22.95 - - - - - 3.30 - -
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
ADw mrifb D( 1)
ADw mrifb D( 2)
tift m;"gwf
umAdk[ dku fN'd
ADw mrifat
(u,fv dk&D)
wf (*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
ADw mrifpD
Edkif, mpif
tqD"gwf
rD; pHk; "gwf

pOf tpm;tpmtrnf
y½dkw if;
xHk; "gwf
a&"gwf
oH"gwf
(*&rf)
(*&rf)
(RE)
102 rvdkifcJ 377 - 9.30 2.60 74.20 - - - - - - - -
103 rwfyJaMumf 298.54 45.20 10.99 15.86 27.96 - - - - - - - -
104 rEÅav;yJaMumf 521 25.90 8.75 26.06 37.89 - .01 .01 1.58 8.40 3.27 215.10 204.80
105 ref;NrdKUawmfaygufpD(Muuf) 229 56.64 25.64 11.82 4.64 - - - - - 1.40 186.00 56.10
106 ref;NrdKUawmfaygufpD(0uf) 217 57.60 12.36 10.03 19.34 - - - - - .90 156.10 10.39
107 rkefYukvm;rJ 322 27.50 3.53 724.00 61.90 - - - - - - 3.52 -
108 rkefYuRJoJ 70 82.53 1.10 - 16.40 - - - - - - - -
109 rkefYMumcGuf 404.90 27.20 4.23 22.80 45.70 - - - - - - - -
110 rkefYMumapY 127 - 2.10 .40 29.10 - - - - - - 26.00 -
111 rkefY<uyf 396.53 5.30 11.85 3.53 79.34 - - - - - - - -
112 rkefYpdrf;aygif; 231 48.60 40.00 2.10 43.60 - .05 .23 1.80 - 1.10 17.00 -
113 rkefYqDaMumf 824 - 7.10 - - - - - - - 1.30 187.00 -
114 rkefYqrf;avSmf 442 - 8.90 1.40 96.90 - - - - - 2.00 16.00 -
115 rkefYñSif;csOf 29.50 92.12 .09 .70 5.70 - - - 3.80 16.43 7.95 128.43 5.70
116 rkefYyJavSmf 374 11.10 9.70 3.70 75.60 - - - - - - - -
117 rkefzufxkwf 284 34.00 4.10 5.70 55.60 - .05 .02 .80 1.00 1.20 13.00 -
118 rkefYAdkif;awmihf 322 - 6.90 9.00 53.00 - - - - - 2.40 49.00 -
119 rkefYvufaumuf 279 - 4.80 4.30 55.40 - - - - - 6.20 - -
120 rkefYvufaqmif; 82 - 1.10 2.10 16.20 - - - - - - - -
121 rkefYvifr,m; 145 66.60 3.20 3.50 25.40 - - - 5.88 14.46 36.44 201.04 4.428
123 rkefYvdyfjym 86 78.80 2.70 .10 18.40 - - - - - - - -
124 rkefYvHk;BuD;aMumf 358 - 5.40 6.90 70.10 - - - - - - 67.00 -
125 rkefYvHk;a&ay: 257 - 4.70 4.30 49.90 - - - - - - 29.00 -
126 rkefY[if;cg;(yJaMumf) 68 84.60 .40 2.11 11.87 - - - .31 - 5.44 56.48 12.34
127 rkefY[if;cg;(rkefzwfyg) 35 - 1.80 6.50 4.80 - .06 .01 - - .50 43.00 -
128 rkefY[if;cg;zwf 115 - 2.10 .10 26.00 - - - - - .70 3.00 -
129 rkefYOD;aESmuf 106 73.40 2.40 1.10 21.60 - - - - - - - -
130 ajryJavSmf 563 - 28.60 47.00 15.40 - .24 .14 4.50 3.00 1.00 45.00 -
131 ajryJa0zm 328 - 6.80 20.00 69.50 - - - - - 14.10 - -
132 ajryJ,kd 511 - 17.20 25.30 53.70 - .10 - - 5.00 3.70 4.00 -
133 ,m*k 54 - .80 1.10 10.10 - - - - - .10 4.00 -
134 &cdkifrkefY[if;cg;okyf 101 - 4.00 6.20 7.90 - - - - - 1.70 43.00 -
135 a&cJrkefY 140 - 4.00 3.50 23.80 23.00 .05 .20 .10 - .10 120.00 -
136 a&rkefY 380 30.90 9.03 20.93 38.81 - .08 - .32 10.31 3.30 27.00 9.25
137 a&SmufcsKdjym; 130 46.67 1.855 1.90 30.51 - .01 .007 tenf;i,f 63.86 9.89 310.10 34.32
138 a&Txrif; 216 46.10 5.90 .20 48.00 - - - - - - - -
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
ADw mrifb D( 1)
ADw mrifb D( 2)
tift m;"gwf
umAdk[ dku fN'd
ADw mrifat
(u,fv dk&D)
wf (*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
(rDv D*&rf)
ADw mrifpD
Edkif, mpif
tqD"gwf
rD; pHk; "gwf

y½dkw if;
pOf tpm;tpmtrnf
xHk; "gwf
a&"gwf
oH"gwf
(*&rf)
(*&rf)
(RE)
139 a&T&ifat; 257 - 3.00 20.00 41.00 8.10 .04 .02 .40 4.20 2.00 67.00 -
140 vufbuf&nf 52 - 1.26 - - 9.00 .01 .006 - .32 .48
48.00 -
104.8
141 vufbufokyf 471 10.40 18.91 36.74 44.15 - .05 .05 .29 16.25 6.02 81.70
0
215.0
142 vufokyfpHk 147 65.00 3.50 2.70 27.20 - .01 .02 - - 3.30 -
0
30.8 393.5
143 vdar®mfu&if(a0zm) 394 17.76 .56 13.71 67.05 - - - - - 96.25
0 2
144 0ufacgif;okyf 177 - 7.90 16.10 2.40 - - - - - .30 15.00 -
145 0ufom;aygufpD 282 - 7.50 13.90 37.90 - - - - - 1.10 15.00 -
11.0 509.1 150.6
146 oMum;yvmwm 329 49.68 6.91 26.32 16.22 - - - .79 -
8 0 4
17.7 274.9
147 o&ufcsKdjym; 184 48.38 1.97 1.10 43.81 - .009 .03 - 37.89 32.91
2 0
148 o&ufoD;oeyf 291 41.84 2.58 13.73 39.32 - .03 .09 3.53 30.87 1.54 14.20 42.30
149 omuljyif 332 - 3.00 20.00 41.00 8.10 .04 .02 .40 4.20 2.00 67.00 -
10.9
150 [mv0g 271 32.0 3.50 .64 62.79 - - - - - - -
0
151 tiHrkefY 372 13.20 10.80 7.30 65.90 - - - - - - - -
152 taqmhwpfudwf 411 11.10 15.00 11.70 61.30 - - - - - 1.90 41.00 -
153 tokyfpHk 149 65.00 4.60 6.10 20.80 - - - - - - 6.40 -
45.1 187.6
154 tmyHk 209 48.00 3.30 .20 48.50 - - - - - 20.16
7 4
155 tmvl;uufovdyf 186 - 2.30 10.90 20.20 - - - - - .90 8.00 -
156 tmvl;aMumf 562 - 3.60 43.80 45.90 - .02 .02 .50 - 1.60 18.00 -
157 tDuvJ 319 26.00 9.52 10.50 46.60 - - - - - 6.50 - -
158 tDMumauG; 392 21.00 7.90 16.70 52.60 - - - - - - - -
159 atmfauYMunf 151 62.80 2.90 1.50 31.60 - - - - - 1.20 - -
462.0
160 tkef;EdkYacgufqJG 393 - 11.20 - - - .19 .04 2.80 - 2.09 -
0
161 tkef;EdkYxrif; 34 91.00 .73 .10 7.72 - - - - - .10 - -
162 tkef;oD;aygifrkefY 269 33.40 6.20 .70 59.60 - - - - - - - -
14.8 262.3 111.9
163 tkef;oD;rkefYzufxkyf 218 57.20 4.28 9.69 28.47 - - - .26 -
2 4 3
199.2
164 tk;ef;,dk 386.10 21.63 .08 14.50 63.80 - - - - - .90 .78
0
124.0
165 Pizza 159 51.91 3.70 5.84 30.15 - - - - - 1.06 16.84
5
133.9
166 Spagetti 110 69.30 13.22 3.89 13.02 - - - - - 9.18 24.35
5
vQKdU0Suf
vQKdU0Suf
12/jrefrmh[ if;vsmrsm;
xHk; "gwf (rDv D*&rf)

upD"gwf( rDv D*&rf)
oH"gwf( rDv D*&rf)

tqD"gwf( *&rf)
y½dkw if; (*&rf)
a&"gwf( *&rf)
u,fv d
pOf tpm;tpmtrnf
k&D
1 Muufom;tmvl;[if; 196 - 12.6 12.8 7.3 14 1.2

2 uifrGef;&Guf[if;csKd 54 - 3.0 3.9 2.4 43 .9
3 Muufom;aMumf 231 - 23.4 89.0 .4 16 1.7
4 Muuf[if;cg;oD;ESyf 1331 - 4.2 12.0 6.0 59 2.4
5 ukvm;yJ[if;csKd 117 - 5.2 3.6 16.8 34 .7
6 csOfaygifaMumf 201 - 4.9 16.9 9.4 81 2.2
7 ig;&HUqefjyKwf 43 - 1.5 .7 7.7 12 .4
8 ig;usnf;aMumf 477 - 23.2 42.8 4.8 64 4.0
9 ig;a&TqDjyef 286 - 17.2 22.6 3.1 109 2.4
10 ig;jrif;qDjyef 90 - 9.9 4.9 1.2 42 .5
11 ig;oavmufqDjyef 323 - 19.1 25.7 30.1 16.5 2.3
12 i½kwfoD;ig;ydaMumf 267 - 16.1 2.1 13.1 355 15.9
13 ig;yd&nfusKdazsmf 36 88.1 5.4 1.7 - - -
14 qDcsufacgufqJG 144 - 3.5 3.9 23.5 13 .1
15 xrif;aygif; 159 - 2.4 9.7 16.8 34 .9
16 yJjyKwfxrif;aMumf 201 - 4.4 3.5 36.2 20 1.4
17 ykef;&nfBuD; 229 - 12.7 2.3 39.3 - -
18 ykpGefacgufqJGaMumf 157 - 5.9 7.0 17.5 47 1.7
19 ykpGefqDjyef 227 - 8.5 20.4 2.7 42 .9
20 yJjyKwfqDqrf; 301 - 14.5 10.3 39.3 43 3.0
21 yJBuD;ESyf 251 - 11.0 22.8 27.8 84 1.8
22 yJBuD;[if;&nf 122 - 5.9 4.6 14.9 47 1.0
23 yJBuD;_ql;ykyf[if;&nf 124 - 6.2 4.7 15.1 51 1.2
24 yJeDav;[if; 117 - 5.3 3.3 171.8 22 1.9
25 yJig;ydcsuf 462 - 16.3 26.0 44.5 40 2.8
26 yJukvm;[if; 337 - 1.2 .5 5.8 - -
27 bJom;qefjyKwf 437 - 1.2 1.4 8.6 7 .4
27 bJom;acgufqJGaMumf 106 - 4.1 9.4 12.8 48 1.1
28 rkefY[if;cg;[if;&nf 60 - 2.1 3.6 4.3 10 .8
29 0ufom;xrif;aMumf 340 - 5.4 20.0 32.9 18 1.4
31 0ufom;acgufqJGaMumf 180 - 3.7 12.9 12.0 25 1.0
31 0ufom;jyKwf 586 - 21.9 54.5 - 12 3.2
32 0ufom;vHk;csuf 656 - 21.9 62.4 - 12 3.2
vQKdU0Suf
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tcef; (5)
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aumifpD0ifESihf tvkyftrIaqmiftzJGU0ifrsm;\&ydkifciG fhrsm;
aumifpD0iftjzpfrS &yfpJjcif;
tpnf;ta0;usif;yjcif;
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b@ma&;
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ETHICS FOR MEDICAL PROFESSION
jrefrmEdkifiHaq;aumifpDtaxGaxGaq;ukorIqdkif&mñTefMum;csufrsm;
q&m0efrsm;vdkufemapmihfxdef;&rnhfusihf0wfESihf aqmif&Guf&rnhfwm0efrsm;
jynfa xmifpkj refrmEdkifiHawmf

EdkifiHawmfat;csrf;om,ma&;ESihfzGHUNzdK ;a&;aumifpD
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1361 ckESpf? jymodkvqef; 9 &uf
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1/ þOya'udk jreffrmEdkifiHaq;aumifpDOya'[k ac:wGifap&rnf/

2/ þOya'wGifyg&Sdaom atmufygpum;&yfrsm;onf azmfjyygtwdkif; t"dyÜm,foufa&mufap&
rnf-
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tygt0if usef;rma&;apmihfa&SmufrIvkyfief;tm;vHk;ESihf pyfqdkifaomynm&yfudkqdkonf/
( c ) aumifpD qdkonfrSm þOya't&zJGUpnf;onhf jrefrmEdkifiHaq;aumifpDudkqdkonf/
( * ) aumifpD0if qdkonfrSm jrefrmEdkifiHaq;aumifpD0if wpfOD;OD;udkqdkonf/
(C) rSwfyHkwif vufrSwfqdkonfrSm jrefrmEdkifiHaq;aumifpDu þOya't&xkwfay;aom
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jcif;cH&NyD; q&m0efrSwfyHkwifvufrSwf xkwfay;jcif;cH&oludkqdkonf/
( p ) aq;ukocGifhvdkifpif qdkonfrSm jrefrmEdkifiHaq;aumifpDu þOya't&
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(q) taxGa xGaq;ukocGifhvdkifpifqdkonfrSmtodtrSwfjyKxm;aom tajccHaq;ynmbJGU
&&SdNyD; owfrSwfxm;onhf tvkyfoifumvNyD;qHk;NyD;aom rSwfyHkwifq&m0eftm;
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( Z ) txl;aq;ukocGifhvdkifpif qdkonfrSm todtrSwfjyKxm;aombJGUvGef'D*&D?
bJGUvGef'Dyvdkrm&&SdNyD; owfrSwfxm;onhft&nftcsif;jynhfrDaom rSwfyHkwifq&m0ef
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vQKdIU0Suf
vQKdIU0Suf
jrefrmEdkifiHa q;aumifpDzJGUpnf;jcif;
4/ usef;rma&;0efBuD;Xme0efBuD;onf-
(u) tpdk;&tzJGU\ oabmwlnDcsufjzihf atmufygyk*¾dKvfrsm; yg0ifaom jrefrmEdkifiH
aq;aumifpDudk zJGUpnf;&rnf-
(1) usef;rma&;0efBuD;Xmevufatmuf&Sd oufqdkif&m ñTefMum;a&;rSL;csKyfrsm;?
(2) umuG,fa&;0efBuD;Xme? aq;0efxrf;ñTefMum;a&;rSL;?
(3) aq;wuúodkvfygarmu©csKyfrsm;?
(4) wyfrawmfaq;wuúodkvf ygarmu©csKyf?
(5) jrefrmEdkifiH q&m0eftoif;Ouú|?
(6) jynfe,f? wdkif;? usef;rma&;OD;pD;XmerSL;rsm;?
(7) aq;wuúodkvfOya’a&;&maq;ynmXme? ygarmu©XmerSL;rsm;?
(8) wyfrawmfaq;wuúodkvf Oya'a&;&maq;ynmXme ygarmu©XmerSL; 1 OD;?
(9) aq;wuúodkvfrsm;rS 0g&ihfygarmu©q&m0ef 1 OD;pD?
(10) wyfrawmfaq;wuúodkvfrS 0g&ifhygarmu©q&m0ef 1 OD;?
(11) jrefrmEdkifiHaq;ynm&SiftzJGUrS udk,fpm;vS,f 3 OD;?
(12) tNidrf;pm;q&m0ef 3 OD;?
(13) jynfe,fESihfwdkif;toD;oD;&Sd aq;ukocGifhvdkifpif& q&m0efrsm;u rdrdwdkYteufrS
a&G;cs,fwifajr§mufaom tpdk;&0efxrf;r[kwfol 1 OD;pD?
( c) yk'frcJG(u)t& aumifpDzJGUpnf;&mwGif Ouú| 1 OD;? twGif;a&;rSL; 1 OD;ESihf?
wJGzuftwGif; a&;rSL; 1 OD;wdkYudk owfrSwfay;&rnf/
5/ aumifpDonf aumifpD0ifwpfOD;OD;tm; b@ma&;rSL;tjzpf wm0efay;tyfEdkifonf/ ,if;odkY
wm0efay;tyfjcif;r&SdvQif aumifpDtwGif;a&;rSL;onf b@ma&;rSL;tjzpfaqmif&Guf&rnf/
6/ usef;rma&;0efBuD;Xme0efBuD;onf aumifpD\vkyfief;wm0efrsm;udk aqmif&Guf&ef atmufyg
yk*¾dKvfrsm;yg0ifaom tvkyftrIaqmiftzJGUudk zJGUpnf;&rnf-
vQKdIU0Suf
vQKdIU0Suf
(u) aumifpDOuú| ... OuúX
(c) aumifp0D if 2 OD; ... 'kwd,Ouú|rsm;
(*) aumifpD0if 10 OD; ... tzGJU0ifrsm;
(C) aumifpDtwGif;a&;rSL; ... twGif;a&;rSL;
( i) aumifpDwJGzuftwGif;a&;rSL; ... wJGzuftwGif;a&;rSL;
7/ (u) aumifpD\ oufwrf;onf pwifzJGUpnf;onhfaeYrSpí wpfBudrfvQif 4 ESpfjzpfonf/
( c) aumifpD0ifrsm;\ oufwrf;onf aumifpD\oufwrf;ESihftnDjzpfonf/
( *) aumifpD0ifwpfOD;onf aumifpD0ifoufwrf;wpfqufwnf; oHk;Budrftxdom
aumifpD0if tjzpfaqmif&GufEdkifonf/
(C) aumifpD0ifwpfOD;OD;\ ae&mvpfvyfonhftcgyk'fr 4? yk'frcJG (u)ygtwdkif; tpm;xdk;
cefYxm;jcif; odkYr[kwf a&G;cs,fwifajr§mufjcif;jzihf jznhfpGuf&rnf/ xdkodkYjznhfpGufjcif;
cH&aom aumifpD0if\ oufwrf;onf vuf&SdaumifpDoufwrf; ukefqHk;csdeftxdom
jzpfap&rnf/
( i) aumifpDonf oufwrf;ukefqHk;onhftcg aumifpDtopf zJGUpnhf;NyD;onftxd vkyfief;
wm0efrsm;udk xrf;aqmif&rnf/
8/ aumifpDzJGUpnf;jcif;? tvkyftrIaqmiftzJGU zJGUpnf;jcif;?
tpnf;ta0;usif;yjcif;ESihfaiGaMu;qdkif&m udpö&yfrsm;udk owfrSwfcsufrsm;ESihftnD aqmif&Guf&rnf/
aumifpD\ wm0efESihfvkyfydkifcGifhrsm;
9/ aumifpD\ wm0efrsm;rSm atmufygtwdkif;jzpfonf-

(u) jynfwGif;jynfy&Sd aq;wuúodkvf? aq;aumvdyfwpfckckujzpfap? aq;ynmtwGuf
zJGUpnf;xm;onhf tjcm;tzJGUtpnf;wpfckckujzpfap tyfESif;onhfaq;ynmbJGUrsm;udk
todtrSwfjyKjcif;? todtrSwfjyK&efjiif;y,fjcif;?
(c) aumifpDu toDtrSwfjyKxm;aom aq;ynmbJGUrsm;udk tcgtm;avsmfpGm xkwfjyefaMu
nmjcif;?
vQKdIU0Suf
vQKdIU0Suf
(*) q&m0efrsm; vkdufemapmihfxdef;&rnhf usihf0wfodu©mrsm;udk owfrSwfjcif;ESihf BuD;Muyf
uGyfuJjcif;?
(C) rSwfyHkwifq&m0efpm&if;ESihf aq;ukocGifhvdkifpif& q&m0efpm&if;rsm;udk
jyKpkxm;&Sdjcif;ESihf tcgtm;avsmfpGmxkwfjyefjcif;?
(i) q&m0efrsm;\ usef;rma&;apmihfa&SmufrIt&nftaoG;ESihf tqihftwef;udk
xdef;odrf;jr§ihf wifEdkif&ef? avhvmqef;ppfjcif;? vdktyfovdkaqmif&Gufjcif;?
tpkd;&XmetzGJUtpnf;rsm;ESihf qufoG,fyl;aygif; aqmif&Gufjcif;?
(p) EdkifawmfESihf yk*¾vduaq;½Hkrsm;? aq;cef;rsm;\ usef;rma&;apmihfa&SmufrItqihftwef;
xdef;odrf;jr§ihfwifa&;twGuf vdktyfaompHcsdefpHñTef;owfrSwfjcif;ESihf usef;rma&;
0efBuD;XmeodkY tBuHjyKwifjyjcif;?
(q) aq;ynmoifMum;rI tqihftwef;jrihfrm;apa&;ESihf t&nftaoG;jynhf0aom
aq;ynm&Sifrsm; ay:aygufapa&;wdkYtwGuf wdk;wufajymif;vJaeaom aq;ynm
oifMum;a&;pepfrsm;udk avhvm oHk;oyfí usef;rma&;0efBuD;XmeodkY tBuHjyKwifjyjcif;?
(Z) EdkifiHawmf\ usef;rma&;apmihfa&SmufrI vdktyfcsufESihftnD q&m0efrsm;pOfqufrjywf
aq;ynm oifMum;rI&&SdEdkifapa&;twGuf usef;rma&;0efBuD;XmeodkY tBuHjyKwifjyjcif;?
(ps) usef;rma&;apmihfa&SmufrIESihf aq;ynmtqihftwef;jrihfrm;apa&;twGuf usef;rma&;
0efBuD;XmeodkY tBuHjyKwifjyjcif;?
(n) q&m0ef\ usihf0wfodu©mrsm;ESihftnD vdkufemapmihfxdef;&ef ysufuGufrIrsm;udkpHkprf;jcif;?
ppfaq;jcif;ESihf ta&;,laqmif&Gufjcif;/
10/ aumifpD\ vkyfydkifcGihfrsm;rSm atmufygtwdkif;jzpfonf-
(u) atmufazmfjyyg aumfrwDrsm;udkzJGUpnf;jcif;ESihf ,if;aumfrwDtoD;oD;\ vkyfief;wm0ef
rsm;udkowfrSwfjcif;-
(1) rSwfyHkwifvufrSwfESihf aq;ukocGifhvdkifpif pdppfa&;aumfrwD
(2) usifh0wfodu©mxdef;odrf;a&;aumfrwD
(3) pnf;urf;xdef;odrf;a&;aumfrwD
(4) pHcsdefpHñTef;owfrSwfa&;aumfrwD
(5) pOfqufrjywfaq;ynmoifMum;a&;aumfrwD
vQKdIU0Suf
vQKdIU0Suf
(6) usef;rma&;aumfrwD
(7) tjcm;vdktyfaom aumfrwDrsm;
(c) rSwfyHkwifvufrSwfxkwfay;jcif;? xkwfay;&efjiif;y,fjcif;ESihfy,fzsufjcif;?
(*) aq;ukocGifhvdkifpifxkwfay;jcif;? xkwfay;&efjiif;y,fjcif;? y,fzsufjcif;ESihfumvtuefY
towfjzihf½kyfodrf;jcif;?
(C) aq;ukocGifhvdkifpif oufwrf;owfrSwfjcif;? oufwrf;wdk;jr§ifhay;jcif;ESihf
oufwrf;wdk;jr§ihf ay;&efjiif;y,fjcif;?
( i) EdkifiHawmfESihfaumifpDtwGuf tusKd;jyKrnhfudpö&yfrsm;udk usef;rma&;0efBuD;Xme\ cGihfjyK
csufjzihf EdkifiHwum? a'oqdkif&mESihfjynfwGif;jynfy&Sd tpd;k &Xme? tzJGUtpnf;rsm;?
ynm&Sifrsm;ESihf qufoG,fyl;aygif;aqmif&Gufjcif;?
(p) rSwfyHkwifaMu;? vdkifpifaMu;? aq;ukocGifhvdkifpifoufwrf; wdk;jr§ihfaMu;ESihf&ufvGefaMu;
rsm;udk owfrSwfjcif;ESihfaumufcHjcif;?
(q) aumifpD\&nf&G,fcsufrsm; xajrmufatmifjrifap&ef usef;rma&;0efBuD;Xmeu tcg
tm;avsmfpGmtyfESif;aom tjcm;vkyfydkifcGihfrsm;udk usihfoHk;aqmif&Gufjcif;/
aumifpD0ifESihf tvkyftrIa qmiftzJGU0ifrsm;\&ydkifcGifhrsm;
11/ aumifpD0ifESihftvkyftrIaqmiftzJGU0ifrsm;\ &ydkifcGihfrsm;rSm atmufygtwdkif;jzpfonf-

(u) EdkifiHawmfu tcgtm;avsmfpGm owfrSwfxm;onhf cHpm;cGifhrsm;udk &&SdEdkifcGihf&Sdjcif;?
(c) wm0eft& c&D;oGm;vm&ygu trSefwu,fukefusxm;onhfc&D;p&dwfESihf
tcgtm;avsmfpGm owfrSwfxm;onhfaeYwGufp&dwfudk cHpm;cGihf&Sdjcif;?
(*) aumifpDESihfoufqdkifaom tpnf;ta0;rsm;wufa&muf&ygu tcgtm;avsmfpGm
owfrSwf xm;onhf csD;jr§ihfaiGudkcHpm;cGifh&Sdjcif;/
vQKdIU0Suf
vQKdIU0Suf
aumifpD0iftjzpfrS &yfpJj cif;
12/ atmufyg taMumif;t&mwpf&yf&yf ay:aygufonhftcg aumifpDonf usef;rma&;

0efBuD;Xme\ twnfjyKcsufjzihf aumifpD0ifwpfOD;OD;tm; aumifpD0iftjzpfrS&yfpJrnf-
(u) EIwfxGufjcif;?
(c) aumifpDodkY cGihfyefjcif;r&SdbJ tpnf;ta0;wufa&muf&ef (3)Budrfwdkifwdkif qufwdkuf
ysufuGufjcif;?
(*) aumifpDodkY cGifhyefjcif;r&SdbJ jynfyodkY (6)vESihftxufxGufcGmjcif;?
(C) q&m0efrSwfyHkwifpm&if;rS y,fzsufcH&jcif;?
(i) aq;ukocGifhvdkifpif y,fzsufcH&jcif; odkYr[kwf umvtuefYtowfjzihf ½kyfodrf;cH&jcif;?
(p) tusihfpm&dwåysufjym;rIqdkif&m jypfrIwpf&yf&yfESihf pyfvsOf;íjzpfap?
EdkifiHawmfvHkNcHKa&;udk xdcdkufapEdkifaom jypfrIwpf&yf&yfESihfpyfvsOf;íjzpfap
ta&;,ltjypfay;cH&jcif;?
(q) udk,fusihfw&m;ysufuGufonf[k aumifpDuppfaq;awGU&Sdjcif;?
13/ tpnf;ta0;rsm;udk atmufygtwdkif; usif;yaqmif&Guf&rnf-

(u) aumifpD\ yHkrSeftpnf;ta0;udk (3)vvQif wpfBudrfusif;yjyKvkyfjcif;ESihf vdktyfygu
txl;tpnf;ta0;usif;yjcif;?
(c) tvkyftrIaqmiftzJGUtpnf;ta0;udk (1)vvQif wpfBudrfusif;yjyKvkyfjcif;ESihf
vdktyfygu txl;tpnf;ta0;usif;yjcif;?
(*) tvkyftrIaqmiftzJGU\aqmif&Gufcsufrsm;udk aumifpD\teD;uyfqHk;
ykHrSeftpnf;ta0;wGif wifjyí twnfjyKcsuf&,ljcif;?
vQKdIU0Suf
vQKdIU0Suf
aumifpD0iftjzpfrS &yfpJj cif;
12/ atmufyg taMumif;t&mwpf&yf&yf ay:aygufonhftcg aumifpDonf usef;rma&;

0efBuD;Xme\ twnfjyKcsufjzihf aumifpD0ifwpfOD;OD;tm; aumifpD0iftjzpfrS&yfpJrnf-
(u) EIwfxGufjcif;?
(c) aumifpDodkY cGihfyefjcif;r&SdbJ tpnf;ta0;wufa&muf&ef (3)Budrfwdkifwdkif qufwdkuf
ysufuGufjcif;?
(*) aumifpDodkY cGifhyefjcif;r&SdbJ jynfyodkY (6)vESihftxufxGufcGmjcif;?
(C) q&m0efrSwfyHkwifpm&if;rS y,fzsufcH&jcif;?
(i) aq;ukocGifhvdkifpif y,fzsufcH&jcif; odkYr[kwf umvtuefYtowfjzihf ½kyfodrf;cH&jcif;?
(p) tusihfpm&dwåysufjym;rIqdkif&m jypfrIwpf&yf&yfESihf pyfvsOf;íjzpfap?
EdkifiHawmfvHkNcHKa&;udk xdcdkufapEdkifaom jypfrIwpf&yf&yfESihfpyfvsOf;íjzpfap
ta&;,ltjypfay;cH&jcif;?
(q) udk,fusihfw&m;ysufuGufonf[k aumifpDuppfaq;awGU&Sdjcif;?
13/ tpnf;ta0;rsm;udk atmufygtwdkif; usif;yaqmif&Guf&rnf-

(u) aumifpD\ yHkrSeftpnf;ta0;udk (3)vvQif wpfBudrfusif;yjyKvkyfjcif;ESihf vdktyfygu
txl;tpnf;ta0;usif;yjcif;?
(c) tvkyftrIaqmiftzJGUtpnf;ta0;udk (1)vvQif wpfBudrfusif;yjyKvkyfjcif;ESihf
vdktyfygu txl;tpnf;ta0;usif;yjcif;?
(*) tvkyftrIaqmiftzJGU\aqmif&Gufcsufrsm;udk aumifpD\teD;uyfqHk;
ykHrSeftpnf;ta0;wGif wifjyí twnfjyKcsuf&,ljcif;?
vQKdIU0Suf
vQKdIU0Suf
14/ aumifpDESihftvkyftrIaqmiftzJGUwdkYonf rdrdwdkY\ aqmif&Gufcsufrsm;udk
usef;rma&;0efBuD;XmeodkY (3)vvQifwpfBudrfyHkrSeftpD&ifcH&rnf/
xdkYtjyifvdktyfovdktcgtm;avQmfpGm tpD&ifcHEdkifonf/
½Hk;tzJGU zJGUpnf;jcif;ESihf wm0efa y;jcif;
15/ aumifpDonf aumifpDESihftvkyftrIaqmiftzJGUwdkY\ vkyfief;wm0efrsm;udk aqmif&GufEdkif&ef

usef;rma&;0efBuD;Xme\ cGifhjyKcsufjzihf ½Hk;tzJGUudk atmufygtwdkif;zJGUpnf;&rnf-
(u) ½Hk;tzGJUrSL;wpfOD;ESihf 'kwd, ½Hk;tzJGUrSL;wpfOD;wdkYudk cefYxm;NyD;wm0efrsm;owfrSwfay;jcif;?
(c) 0efxrf;rsm;udk vdktyfovdkzJGUpnf;NyD; wm0efrsm;owfrSwfay;jcif;/
b@ma&;
16/ usef;rma&;0efBuD;Xmeonf aumifpD? tvkyftrIaqmiftzJGUESihf ½Hk;tzJGUwdkY\

ukefusp&dwfrsm;udk uscH&rnf/
17/ aumifpDonf jynfwGif;jynfy&SdtzJGUtpnf;ESihf tvSL&Sifrsm;xHrS tvSLaiGrsm;?
ypönf;rsm;ESihftjcm; tultnDrsm;udk usef;rma&;0efBuD;Xme\ cGihfjyKcsufjzihfvufcHEdkifonf/
18/ aumifpDonf &aiG? oHk;aiGrsm;udk wnfqJb@ma&;pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;?
ñTefMum;csufrsm;ESihftnD vufcHjcif;? oHk;pJGjcif;ESihf pm&if;xdef;odrf;xm;&Sdjcif;rsm; jyKvkyf&rnf/
vQKdIU0Suf
vQKdIU0Suf
q&m0efrSwfyHkwifvufrSwf
19/ rSwfyHkwifvufrSwf&&Sdvdkaom atmufygyk*¾dKvfwpfOD;OD;onf owfrSwfcsufrsm;ESihftnD
aumifpDodkY avQmufxm;Edkifonf-
(u) jynfwGif;aq;wuúodkvfwpfckcku tyfESif;onhfaq;ynmbJGU&&Sdol?
(c) jynfyaq;wuúodkvf? aq;aumvdyfwpfckckujzpfap? aq;ynmtwGuf zJGUpnf;xm;onhf
tzJGUtpnf;wpfckckujzpfap tyfESif;NyD; aumifpDuvnf; todtrSwfjyKxm;onhf
aq;ynm bJGU&&Sdol?
(*) jynfyaq;wuúodkvf? aq;aumvdyfwpfckckujzpfap? aq;ynmtwGuf zJGUpnf;xm;onhf
tzJGUtpnf;wpfckckujzpfap tyfESif;NyD;aumifpDuvnf; todtrSwfjyKxm;jcif;r&Sd
ao;aom aq;ynmbJGU&&Sdol?
20/ aumifpDonf yk'fr 19 t& avQmufxm;onhf avQmufvTmudk
owfrSwfcsufrsm;ESihftnDpdppfNyD; rSwfyHkwifaMu; ay;oGif;apí rSwfyHkwifvufrSwfudk
xkwfay;jcif; odkYr[kwf xkwfay;&ef jiif;y,fjcif;jyKEdkifonf/
21/ aumifpDonf rSwfyHkwifq&m0efwpfOD;OD;ESihfywfoufí atmufygtcsufwpf&yf&yf
ay:aygufaMumif; ppfaq;awGU&Sdygu rSwfyHkwifpm&if;rS y,fzsuf&rnf-
(u) rl;,pfaq;0g;ESihf pdwfudkajymif;vJapaom aq;0g;oHk;pJGaejcif;?
(c) q&m0efwpfOD;\ usihf0wfodu©mESihfoufqdkifonhftjyif q&m0eftjzpfvnf; qufvuf
xrf;aqmif&efroihf[k aumifpDuowfrSwfonhf jypfrIwpf&yf&yfjzihfw&m;½Hk;\
jypfrIxif&Sm; pD&ifcsufudkcH&jcif;?
(*) w&m;½Hk;\ jypfrIxif&Sm;pD&ifjcif;udk rcH&apumrl q&m0efwpfOD;\ usihf0wfodu©m
ysuf,Gif;í q&m0eftjzpf qufvufxrf;aqmif&efroihfjcif;?
(C) EdkifiHom;tjzpfudk pGefYvTwfjcif;? EdkifiHom;tjzpfrS&yfpJcH&jcif; odkYr[kwf ½kyfodrf;cH&jcif;?
tjcm;EdkifiH\ EdkifiHom;tjzpfcH,ljcif;/
aq;ukocGifhvdkifpif
22/ rSwfyHkwifq&m0efonf aq;ukoonhfvkyfief;udk vkyfudkifaqmif&Gufvdkygu taxGaxGaq;uk
ocGifhvdkifpif&&Sd&ef owfrSwfcsufrsm;ESihftnD aumifpDodkYavQmufxm;&rnf/
vQKdIU0Suf
vQKdIU0Suf
23/ aumifpDonf yk'f 22 t& avQmufxm;onhf avQmufvTmudkpdppfNyD; vdkifpifaMu;ay;oGif;apí
taxGaxGaq;ukocGifhvdkifpifudk xkwfay;jcif; odkYr[kwf xkwfay;&efjiif;y,fjcif;jyKEdkifonf/
24/ taxGaxGaq;ukocGifhvdkifpif&&Sdxm;NyD; owfrSwfxm;onhf t&nftcsif;ESihfjynhfpHkaom
rSwfyHkwif q&m0efonf txl;aq;ukocGifhvdkifpif&&Sd&ef owfrSwfcsufrsm;ESihftnD
aumifpDodkYavQmuf xm;Edkifonf/
25/ aumifpDonf yk'fr 24 t& avQmufxm;onhf avQmufvTmudkpdppfNyD;
vdkifpifaMu;ay;oGif;apí txl;aq;ukocGihfvdkifpifudk xkwfay;jcif; odkYr[kwf
jiif;y,fjcif;jyKEdkifonf/
26/ EdkifiHjcm;om;q&m0efonf jrefrmEdkifiHwGif aq;ukoonhfvkyfief;udk vkyfudkifaqmif&Gufvdkygu
uefYowfaq;ukocGifhvdkifpif&&Sd&ef owfrSwfcsufrsm;ESihftnD aumifpDodkYavQmufxm;&rnf/
27/ aumifpDonf yk'fr 26 t& avQmufxm;onfh avQmufvTmudkpdppfNyD;
vdkifpifaMu;ay;oGif;apí ukocGifh&Sdaom aq;ynmbmomtrsKd;tpm;?
ukocGifh&Sdaomae&ma'oESihf tcsdefumvrsm;udk uefYowfvsuf
uefYowfaq;ukocGifhvdkifpifudk xkwfay;jcif; odkYr[kwf xkwfay;&efjiif;y,fjcif; jyKEdkifonf/
28/ aq;ukocGifhvdkifpif oufwrf;ukefqHk;NyD;aemuf rdrd\aq;ukoonhfvkyfief;udk
qufvufvkyfudkif vdkaom taxGaxGaq;ukocGifhvdkifpif odkYr[kwf
txl;aq;ukocGifhvdkifpif&&Sdolonf aq;ukocGihfvdkifpif oufwrf;wdk;jr§ihfay;&ef
oufqdkif&maq;ukocGifhvdkifpif oufwrf;rukefqHk;rD owfrSwfcsufrsm;ESihftnD aumifpDodkY
avQmufxm;&rnf/
29/ aumifpDonf yk'fr 28 t& aq;ukocGifhvdkifpifoufwrf;wdk;jr§ifhay;&ef avQmufxm;onhf
avQmufvTmudk owfrSwfcsufrsm;ESihftnDpdppfNyD; oufwrf;wdk;jr§ihfay;jcif; odkYr[kwf oufwrf;
wdk;jr§ifhay;&ef jiif;y,fjcif;jyKEdkifonf/
30/ aumifpDonf aq;ukocGihfvdkifpif& aq;ukocGifhvdkifpif& q&m0efwpfOD;OD;ESihf ywfoufí
atmufygtcsuf wpf&yf&yfay:aygufaMumif; ppfaq;awGU&Sdygu aq;ukocGifhvdkifpifudk
y,fzsufjcif; odkYr[kwf umv tuefYtowfjzihf ½kyfodrf;jcif;jyKEdkifonf-
(u) q&m0efrSwfyHkwifpm&if;rS y,fzsufcH&jcif;?
(c) pdwfa&m*gpJGuyfjcif;?todÓPfynmysuf,Gif;jcif;odkYr[kwfudk,ft*FgcRwf,Gif;jcif;aMumihf
q&m0efwpfOD;\ vkyfief;wm0efrsm;udk aqmif&GufEdkifpGrf;r&Sdjcif;?
vQKdIU0Suf
vQKdIU0Suf
(*) EdkifiHawmfu ay;tyfaomwm0efudk xrf;aqmif&efysufuGufjcif;?
(C) q&m0efwpfOD;\ wm0ef0wå&m;rsm;udk rqifrjcifayghavsmhpGm aqmif&Gufjcif;?
(i) q&m0efwpfOD;\ usifh0wfodu©mESihftnD vdkufemapmihfxdef;rIr&Sdjcif;?
(p) q&m0efwpfOD;\ t&nftaoG;ESihftnD vkyfaqmifEdkifpGrf;r&Sdjcif;?
(q) aumifpDu owfrSwfaomumvtwGif; vHkavmufaomtaMumif;jycsufr&SdbJ
aq;ukocGifh vdkifpif oufwrf;wdk;jr§ihf&ef ysufuGufjcif;/
rSwfyHkwifq&m0efESihf aq;ukocGifhvdkifpif&q&m0ef\ wm0efESihf&ydkifcGihfrsm;
31/ rSwfyHkwifq&m0efonf-
(u) þOya't& xkwfjyefaom enf;Oya'rsm;? vkyfxHk;vkyfenf;rsm;? trdefYaMumfjimpm?
trdefYESihf ñTefMum;csufrsm;udk vdkufem&rnf/
(c) aumifpDu owfrSwfonhf q&m0ef\ usihf0wfodu©mrsm;udk vdkufemapmihfxdef;&rnf/
(*) aumifpD\ vkyfief;wm0efrsm; wdk;wufatmifjrifapa&;twGuf aumifpDokdYtBuHjyKcGihf
&Sdonf/
(C) rdrd\epfemcsufrsm;udk aumifpDodkYwifjycGifh&Sdonhftjyif
aumifpD\tBuHÓPfrsm;udkvnf; &,lEdkifcGifh&Sdonf/
32/ aq;ukocGifhvdkifpif& q&m0efonfrdrd&&Sdaom aq;ukocGihfvdkifpiftrsKd;tpm;t&
aq;ukojcif; udkowfrSwfcsufrsm;ESihftnD aqmif&GufcGihf&Sdonf/
33/ aq;ukocGihfvdkifpif& q&m0efonf yk'fr 4? yk'frcJG(u) yk'frcJGi,f(13)yg aumifpD0ifa&G;cs,f
wifajr§muf&mwGif-
(u) qE´rJay;ydkifcGihf&Sdonf/
(c) aumifpDu owfrSwfxm;onhft&nftcsif;jynhfrDvQif aumifpD0iftjzpf
a&G;cs,fwifajr§muf cHykdifcGifh&Sdonf/
vQKdIU0Suf
vQKdIU0Suf
t,lcHj cif;
34/ tvkyftrIaqmiftzJGU yk'fr20 t&jzpfap? yk'fr 23 t&jzpfap? yk'fr 25 t&jzpfap? yk'fr

27 t&jzpfap? yk'fr29 t&jzpfap? aq;ukocGifhvdkifpifudk 5 ESpfatmuf½kyfodrf;aMumif; yk'fr
30 t&jzpfap csrSwfonhftrdefY odkYr[kwf qHk;jzwfcsufudkrauseyfolonf ,if;trdefY
odkYr[kwf qHk;jzwfcsufcsrSwfaomaeYrS &ufaygif; 60 twGif; aumifpDdodkY t,lcHEdkifonf/
35/ yk'fr 34 t& t,lcH&mwGifcsrSwfaom aumifpD\ qHk;jzwfcsufonf tNyD;tjywfjzpfap&rnf/
36/ tvkyftaqmiftzJGUuyk'fr 21 t&jzpfap aq;ukocGifhvdkifpifudk 5 ESpfESihftxuf
½kyfodrf;aMumif; odkYr[kwf y,fzsufaMumif; yk'fr 30 t&jzpfap csrSwfonhftrdefY odkYr[kwf
qHk;jzwf csufudk rauseyfolonf ,if;trdefY odkUr[kwf qHk;jzwfcsufcsrSwfaomaeYrS &ufaygif;
60 twGif; usef;rma&;0efBuD;Xme0efBuD;xH t,lcHEdkifonf/
37/ yk'fr 36 t& t,lcH&mwGifcsrSwfaom usef;rma&;0efBuD;Xme0efBuD;\ qHk;jzwfcsufonf
tNyD; tjywfjzpfap&rnf/
wm;jrpfcsufESihfjypf'Pfrsm;
38/ rnfolrQ þOya't& aumifpDuxkwfay;aom aq;ukocGifhvdkifpifr&SdbJ

aq;ukojcif;rjyK&/
39/ rnfonhfaq;ukocGifhvdkifpif& q&m0efrQ aq;ukoonhfvkyfief; aqmif&Guf&mwGif
oufqdkif&m aq;ukoonhf vkyfief;tvdkufuRrf;usifrI&SdaMumif; oufqdkif&mXme?
tzJGUtpnf;uxkwfay;onhf vdkifpif? rSwfyHkwifvufrSwf? cGihfjyKcsuf? oifwef;qif;vufrSwf
odkYr[kwf taxmuftxm; &&SdolrSty tjcm;oludkwm0efay; aqmif&Gufapjcif;rjyK&/
vQKdIU0Suf
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40/ rnfonhfrSwfyHkwifq&m0efrQ rdrd&&Sdaom bJGU? tqihf? uRrf;usifrIqdkif&m ynmwdkYESihfravsmf
nDaomtac:ta0: pum;&yfrsm;udk rdrd\ trnfESihf,SOfwJGí oHk;EIef;jcif;rjyK&/
41/ rnfolrqdk yk'fr 38 yg wm;jrpfcsufudk azmufzsufusL;vGefaMumif;
jypfrIxif&Sm;pD&ifjcif;cH&vQif xdok ludk axmif'Pf 5 ESpftxd csrSwf&rnhftjyif
aiG'Pfvnf;csrSwfEdkifonf/
42/ rnfonhfaq;ukocGihfvdkifpif& q&m0efrqdk yk'fr 39 yg wm;jrpfcsufudk azmufzsufusL;vGef
aMumif;jypfrIxif&Sm;pD&ifjcif;cH&vQif xdkoludk axmif'Pf 5 ESpftxdjzpfap? aiG'Pfjzpfap?
�'PfESpf&yfvHk;jzpfap csrSwf&rnf/
43/ rnfonhfrSwfyHkwifq&m0efrqdk yk'fr 40 yg wm;jrpfcsufudk azmufzsufusL;vGefaMumif; jypfrI
xif&Sm;pD&ifjcif;cH&vQif xdkoludk axmif'Pf 3 ESpftxdjzpfap? aiG'Pfjzpfap? �'PfESpf&yfvHk;
jzpfapcsrSwf&rnf/
taxGa xG
44/ þOya'yg jy|mef;csufrsm;onf tjcm;wnfqJOya'wpf&yf&yft& aq;ukocGihf&Sdolrsm;ESihf
oufqdkifjcif;r&Sdap&/
45/ aq;ukocGifhvdkifpif& q&m0efu udk,fwdkifvufrSwf a&;xkd;jcif;r&Sdaom aq;vufrSwfonf
w&m;0ifaq;vufrSwfjzpfonf[k rrSwf,l&/
46/ þOya' yk'fr 42 odkYr[kwf yk'fr 43 t& jypfrIusL;vGefoludk w&m;pJGqdk&mwGif usef;rma&;
0efBuD;Xme\ BudKwifcGihfjyKcsufudk &,l&rnf/
47/ 1957 ckESpf? jrefrmEdkifiHawmf aq;bufqdkif&m tufOya'& xkwfjyefcJhaom enf;Oya'rsm;?
trdefYESihfñTefMum;csufrsm;udk þOya'ESihfrqefYusifoa&GU qufvufusihfoHk;Edkifonf/
48/ aumifpDonf 1957 ckESpf? jrefrmEdkifiHawmf aq;bufqdkif&m tufOya't& zJGUpnf;xm;aom
jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEdkifiH aq;aumifpDydkif &efyHkaiGrsm;udkvnf;aumif;? a&TUajymif;Edkifaom
ypönf;rsm;ESihf ra&TUajymif;Edkifaomypönf;rsm;udk vnf;aumif;? aqmif&GufqJvkyfief;rsm;u
vnf;aumif;? aqmif&GufNyD; vkyfief;rsm;udk vnf;aumif;? &ydkifcGifhESihfay;&efwm0efrsm;udk
vnf;aumif; toD;oD; qufcH&rnf/
vQKdIU0Suf
vQKdIU0Suf
49/ 1957 ckESpf? jrefrmEdkifiHawmf aq;bufqdkif&m tufOya't& zJGUpnf;xm;aom jynfaxmifpk
jrefrmEdkifiH aq;aumifpDonf þOya't&jrefrmEdkifiHaq;aumifpDrzGJUpnf;rD,if;\wm0efESihf
vkyfydkifcGifhrsm;udk qufvufaqmif&GufcGifh&Sdonf/
50/ þOya'yg jy|mef;csufrsm;udk aqmif&GufEdkif&ef-
(u) usef;rma&;0efBuD;Xmeonf vdktyfaom enf;Oya'rsm;? vkyfxHk;vkyfenf;rsm;udk tpdk;&
tzJGU\oabmwlnDcsufjzihf xkwfjyefEdkifonf/
(c) usef;rma&;0efBuD;XmeESihf aumifpDwdkYonf vdktyfaom trdefYESihfaMumfjimpm? trdefYESihf
ñTefMum;csufrsm;udk xkwfjyefEdkifonf/
51/ 1957ckESpf?jrefrmEdkifiHawmfaq;bufqdkif&mtufOya'ukdþOya'jzihf½kyfodrf;vdkufonf/
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MEDICAL ETHICS FOR MEDICAL PROFESSION
jrefrmEdkifiHa q;aumifpDtaxGa xGa q;ukorIqdkif&mñTefM um;csufrsm;
MYANMAR MEDICAL COUNCIL GUIDELINE FOR GENERAL MEDICAL
PRACTICE
q&m0efrsm;vdkufemapmihfxdef;&rnhfusihf0wfESihf aqmif&Guf&rnhfwm0efrsm;
vlemrsm;onf usef;rma&;qdkif&mudpörsm;twGuf q&m0efrsm;tay:wGif pdwfcs,HkMunftm;udk;
Muonhftm;avsmfpGm q&m0efrsm;bufrSvnf; aumif;rGefítqihftwef;rDaom aq;ukojcif;rsm;jzihf
vlemrsm;tm; jyKpkukoay;&ef vdktyfygojzihf atmufygtcsufrsm;twdkif; vdkufemaqmif&Guf&rnf
jzpfonf-
- vlemudk t"duxm;OD;pm;ay;í ukoay;jcif;?
- vlemtay:pmempdwfxm;íajyjypf,Ofaus;pGmqufqHjyKrlaqmif&Gufjcif;?
- vlem\ *kPfodu©mudk av;pm;jcif;?
- vlem\ wifjycsufudk tav;xm;íem;axmifjcif;?
- vlem em;vnfoabmaygufvG,faom pum;toHk;tEIef;rsm;jzihf
ukorIqdkif&mtcsuftvuf rsm;ay;jcif;?
- vlemtm; jyKpkuko&eftwGuf qHk;jzwfcsufcs&mwGif vlemudk yg0ifqHk;jzwfcGihfay;jcif;?
- vkyfief;ydkif;qdkif&mrsm;wGif vufawGUuRrf;usifrIESihf todynmrsm;
tpOfwdk;wufacwfrDatmif avhusihfaejcif;?
- rdrd\ twwfynmvkyfief;qdkif&m twdkif;twmyrmPudk od&Sdxm;jcif;?
- ,HkMunfpdwfcs&olwpfOD;jzpfjcif;?
- vlem\ a&m*gESihfywfoufaom vQKdU0Sufcsufrsm;udk raygufMum;apa&;apmihfxdef;jcif;?
- rdrd\,HkMunfcsufESihfywfoufí vlemtm;uko&mwGif oufa&mufrIr&Sdapjcif;?
- rdrdaMumihfjzpfap? tjcm;q&m0efwpfOD;OD;aMumifhjzpfap uRrf;usifrIqdkif&mtm;enf;rIaMumihf
vlemay:wGifusa&mufEdkifrnhf ab;tEÅ&m,fudk tjrefqHk;wm;qD;umuG,fay;jcif;?
- rdrd\ q&m0ef*kPfodu©mudkñSKd;EGrf;atmif tvJGoHk;pm;jyKjcif;rS a&SmifMuOfjcif;?
- vlem\ aumif;usKd;udkOD;wnfí tjcm;q&m0efrsm;ESihf yl;aygif;aqmif&Guf&mwGif vlemudk
jzpfap? tjcm;q&m0efudkjzpfap cJGjcm;rI? ESdrfYcsrIrjyKvkyfjcif;ESihf rdrd\ vkyfaqmifcsufrsm;
rSefuefrI&Sdatmif aqmif&Gufjcif;?
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taumif;qHk;ukorIESihf vlemapmihfa &SmufrIa y;jcif;
1/ vlemwdkif;onf rdrdtm;ukoaeaom q&m0ef\ taumif;qHk;ukorIESihf jyKpkapmihfa&SmufrIudk
cHpm;ydkifcGifh&Sd&rnf/ (q&m0efbufrSvnf; twwfynmESihfvkyfief;uRrf;usifrI&Sd&rnfjzpfNyD; q&m0ef\
usihf0wfodu©mrsm;udk apmihfxdef;ívlemESihf ajyjypfpGmqufqH&rnf/)
2/ aumif;aomukorIay;Edkif&ef vlem\a&m*gjzpfpOfESihf a&m*gvu©Pmrsm;tay: tajccH&rnf/
vdktyfygu tjcm;oifhawmfaom ppfaq;rIrsm;jyKvkyfNyD; oifhawmfaom ukorIrsKd;udk tjrefaqmif&Guf
ay;&rnf/
vlemtm; apmifha &SmufrIa y;jcif;
3/ - vlemtm; ukoapmihfa&SmufrIay;&mwGif rdrd\twwfynm
vkyfief;uRrf;usifrItwdkif;twm twGif;üomjyKvkyf&rnf/
- vlem\a&m*gtwGuf vdktyfaomukorIrsm;? aq;0g;rsm;ESihf ud&d,mypönf;rsm;udkom
ñTef;& rnf/
aumif;aomaq;ukorIudk xdef;odrf;usihfoHk;Edkif&ef tpOftNrJa cwfrDpGmaqmif&Gufjcif;
4/ aumif;aomaq;ukorIrsm; xdef;odrf;usihfoHk;Edkif&eftwGuf todynmESihfuRrf;usifrIudk
acwfESihf trDvdkufíaqmif&Guf&rnf/ xdkokdYacwfrDpGmaqmif&GufEdkifa&;twGuf
oifMum;a&;tydkif;u@rsm;wGif pOfqufrjywf yg0ifvIyf&Sm;aqmif&Guf&rnf/
5/ usef;rma&;apmihfa&SmufrItwGuf xkwfjyefxm;aom wnfqJOya’ pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;? trdefY?
ñTefMum;csufrsm;ESihftnD vdkufemusihfoHk;&rnf/
vkyfief;aqmif&Gufcsufrsm; pOfqufrjywfxdef;odrf;jcif;
6/ aq;ukorIrsm;udk yHkrSefESihf pepfwusppfaq;jcif;? tcsuftvufrsm; rSwfwrf;wifjcif;wdkYwGif
wdusrSefuefpGm yg0ifyl;aygif;aqmif&Guf&rnf/ vdktyfygu rdrd\aqmif&Gufcsufrsm;
wdk;wufaumif;rGef&ef tjyKoabmjzihf ppfaq;awGU&SdtBuHjyKcsufrsm;udk
vdkufemjyKjyifaqmif&Guf&rnf/ (Oyrm- ÓPfopfavmif; oifwef;?
rGrf;rHoifwef;rsm;wufa&mufjcif;)
7/ rdrd\ vkyfaqmifcsufrsm;udk a0zefoHk;oyf&mwGif “"r®"d|mef usus vufcHajz&Sif;Edkif&rnf/
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oifM um;rIESifha vhvmjcif;
8/ oifMum;rItwGuf txl;wm0ef,l&oljzpfvQif enf;ynmuRrf;usiffrI? vufawGUuRrf;usifrI?
oabmxm;jynhf0rIwdkY jynhfpHkpGm&&Sd&efBudK;pm;NyD; tpOftNrJ t&nftcsif;jynhfrDaom ynm&Sifq&m0ef
wpfOD;jzpfaeap&rnhftjyif rdrd\vufatmuf vkyfazmfudkifzufrsm;ESihf aq;ausmif;om;rsm;tm;
Muyfrwfvrf;ñTefay;Edkifoljzpf&rnf/
9/ oifwef;om;rsm;\ vkyfaqmifcsufrsm;udk qef;ppfrSwfwrf;wif&mwGif &nfrSef;csufjynhf0NyD;
½dk;om;ajzmifhrwfpGm qHk;jzwf&rnf/ (bmom&yfqdkif&m uRrf;usifrIESihf t&nftcsif;rjynhf0aomoltm;
pmar;yJGtatmifay;cJhygvQif vlemudk jyKpkukoapmihfa&Smufay;&mü vlemtwGuf
ab;tEÅ&m,frsm;ESihf BuHKawGUapEdkifrnfjzpfonf/)
vkyfa zmfudkifzufrsm;tm; axmufcHcsufa y;jcif;
10/ axmufcHcsufay;&mwGifvnf; vkyfazmfudkifzuf\ vkyfief;uRrf;usifrI? ,HkMunfpdwfcs&rI?
aexdkif jyKrlqufqHrIrsm;udk trSeftwdkif;azmfjya&;om;ay;&rnf/
vlemESihfxda wGUqufqH&mwGif ,HkMunfcsuftpOfrjywfwnfwHha &;aqmif&Gufj cif;
11/ vlemESihfq&m0ef qufqHa&;onf wpfOD;ESihfwpfOD;,HkMunfrIay:rlwnfojzihf
,HkMunfrItjynhft0 &&Sda&;twGuf atmufygtcsufrsm;twdkif; vkdufemaqmif&Guf&rnf-
- vlemtm; ,Ofaus;ñSmwmpGmqufqHjcif;?
- vlem\odu©mudk av;pm;jcif;?
- vlemESihfywfoufaom tcsuftvufrsm;udk vQKdU0Sufxdef;odrf;xm;jcif;?
- vlem\cGifhjyKcsufr&&SdbJ tjcm;olwpfa,muftm; azmfxkwftoday;jcif;rS a&SmifMuOfjcif;?
- tu,fíazmfxkwf&efvdktyfygu jrefrmEdkifiHaq;aumifpD\ vrf;ñTefrIrsm;t& vdkufem
aqmif&Gufjcif;?
- vlemtm; em;vnfvG,fulaom pum;toHk;tEIef;jzihf&Sif;vif;ajymjyjcif;?
- aq;ukorI (odkYr[kwf) a&m*g&SmazGjcif;rsm; rjyKvkyfrDvlemtm; aqmif&GufrnhftpDtpOf
rsm;udk em;vnfoabmaygufatmif &Sif;jyNyD;vlem\ oabmwlnDcsufudk&,ljcif;?
- vlemudk jyKpkukoapmihfa&Smuf&eftwGuf qHk;jzwfcsufcs&mwGif
vlemtm;yg0ifqHk;jzwfcGihfay; jcif;?
- aq;uko&mwGifvnf;aumif;? oifMum;a&;twGufvnf;aumif;? okawoevkyfief;rsm;wGif
yg0ifjcif;udkvnf;aumif;? vlemudk,fwdkifoabmwljcif; odkYr[kwf jiif;y,fydkifcGifhay;jcif;/
12/ aq;ukorIay;jcif;ESihf a&m*g&SmazGjcif;rsm;onf vlem\a&m*gvdktyfcsuftwGufom
jzpf&rnf/ aq;ukorIay;jcif;onfvnf; xda&mufaom ukorIrsKd;omjzpf&rnf/ azmfjyygudpö&yfrsm;
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aqmif&Guf&mwGif vlem\ taetxdkiftjyKtrl? vlrsKd;? bmom? ,HkMunfcsuf? tom;ta&mif?
touf? usm;^r? pD;yGm;a&;tajctaeay:wGifrlwnfí qHk;jzwfaqmif&Gufjcif;rjyK&/
13/ tu,fí rdrd\ qHk;jzwfcsufjzihf jyKpkukorIonf vlemtay:xda&mufrI&Sdrnf[k
r,lqcJhygvQif vlemtm;taMumif;pHk&Sif;jyNyD; tjcm;q&m0efwpfOD;tm; jyowdkifyifcGifh&SdaMumif;
&Sif;vif;today;&rnf/
14/ rdrd\ jyKpkukorIaMumihf vlemtay:wGifrarQmfvifhaom qdk;usKd;rsm;usa&mufapcJhygu trSef
bufodkY jyefa&mufatmif tjrefqHk;aqmif&Gufay;&rnf/ vlemtm; tjzpftysuftpHkudktoday;NyD;
jzpfay:vmEdkifrnhf (a&&SnfESihfa&wdk) tusKd;taMumif;rsm;udk &Sif;jy&rnf/ vdktyfygu awmif;yefoihf
ygonf/ tu,fí touf(12)atmuf uav;jzpfcJhygvQif ¤if;\rdb odkYr[kwf tkyfxdef;oltm;
taMumif;pHkudk ½dk;om;pGm&Sif;jy&rnf/
15/ tu,fítouf (12)atmufvli,fwpfOD; aoqHk;cJhygvQif ¤if;\rdb odkYr[kwf
tkyfxdef;oltm; aoqHk;&jcif;taMumif;udk ½dk;om;pGm&Sif;jyay;&rnf/ t&G,fa&mufNyD;olvlemrsm;
aoqHk;cJhygvQif vlem touf&SifpOf ¤if;\a&m*gtaMumif; azmfxkwfajymqdkvdkonhfqE´r&SdcJhygu
teD;pyfqHk;aqGrsKd;rsm;tm; taMumif;pHk&Sif;jyjcif; rjyK&/
q&m0ef*kP fyk'fudktvJGoHk;pm;jyKjcif;
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Manual For Medical Officers Vol.I

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Manual For Medical Officers Vol.I

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