first principle:

1.
current cognitions
behavioral obstacles

2.
precipitating factors

3.
developmental events
enduring patterns of interpreting

developmental issues that led to wrong

beliefs. I am incompetent subsequently
looking for behaviors or games that
reinforce this belief as a payoff.
2. build relationship by not imposing,
being vulnerable, empathic and
continously asking for feedback and
making small progresses

Use the relationship to develop positive

beliefs

Use the relationship to work on goals

and overcoming obstacles

Difficult clients need advanced

strategies to forge a good alliance

monitoring progress and accountability

improves outcomes.

Emphasis on recovery orientation,

correlate clients progress towards'
therapists own goals, sense of
satisfaction, connection and well being

collectivism or interdepence maybe

more valued in other cultures

emotional expression may vary

 therapists may have their own cultural
biases.

clients may differ from therapists.

emphasizing culturally respectful behavior,

identifying culturally related strengths and
supports and validating clients experiences
of oppression.

5. emphasize the positive

positive moods and thinking

inspire hope

automatically and selectively attended to

negative experiences.

misread neutral experiences as negative

at times.

discounted or failed to recognize more

positive experiences.

processing positive data in a distorted

manner led him to develop a distorted
sense of himself..

Continuously attend to the positive.

clients can feel that they are resourceful

and can solve problems, overcome
obstacles and lead a satisfying life.

6. encourage the patient to take charge after initial work

 dysfunctional cognitions may be the
same as wrong or negative or
dysfunctional beliefs.

What is important to them

how they want to be, how they want their

life to be

what they want to accomplish

Being responsible, competent, productive

and helpful to others were important values
for Abe.

I want a life partner who i love, dote on, and

partner with on almost all areas of life. I
want to have clarity. I am or I am not, i do
not want confusion and in-between. I want
to achieve financial independence, be able
to help others, work on a variety of lovely
things, and live life in a graceful and
dignified way. I would like to have a family,
kids and multiple houses and be part of
multiple communities.
While doing this, I want to feel in control be
well and optimistic. I want to be patient but
not delusional or be breaking resistances. I
want to experience flow in all areas of life. I
want to be a good friend and family
member.

I have to be willing to compromise however

I am not sure if the above is asking for too
much.

I could publish again, and find some work. I

could network again, and find some work.

skills to improve their mood and their lives. Need to use these skills consistently to have better outcomes. When you
view distressing situations more realistically, solved problems and worked towards his goals, he felt less depressed.

You shift focus to past when:

client wants to do so
when work directed towards current problems or future aspirations produce insufficient change
when it's important to understand how and when their key dysfuncitonal ideas and behavioral coping strategies
originated and became maintained.

Dr. Dalal : You have to be realistic, respect your boundaries, become napphat, and care for yourself and work hard.
 `

identify dysfunctional beliefs, evaluate the

validity and utility of their thoughts. help
determine accuracy and utility of his ideas
through a careful review of evidence.
REFRAIN FROM CHALLENGING
COGNITIONS. HELP THROUGH
COGNITIVE RESTRUCTURING, A
PROCESS OF ASSESSING AND
RESPONDING TO MALADAPTIVE
THINKING.

Understand meanings of his thoughts to

uncover underlying beliefs he holds about
himself, his world, and other people.

Evaluate validity and functionality of his

beliefs. fortify positive beliefs about himself
by teaching him to give himself credit and
guiding him to draw positive conclusions
about the steps he has taken towards his
goals.