Intersubjectivity
- the human person as a subject, a being
- Is a term coined by Edmund Husserl.
- Is a philosophical concept that explore the mutual
recognition of each other as persons.
- Interchange of thoughts and feelings, both conscious
and unconscious, between two persons or "subjects",
as facilitated by empathy.
Ontology
-Is a branch of metaphysics concerned with the nature
and relations of being.
Intersubjectivity as Ontology: The Social Dimensions
of the self
 Martin Buber’s and Karol Wojtyla’s
- Both philosophers were influenced by their
religious roots and experiences.
- They believed in the notion of
concrete experience/existence of the human
person.
- They also thought that one must not lose sight
of one's self in concrete experience.
 For Buber and Wojtyla
- the human person is total and not dual nor
composite of some kind of dimensions.
 For Wojtyla
- the social dimension is represented by We
relations.
 For Buber
- the intrapersonal is signified by the I-You
relations
Martin Buber
- Jewish existentialist philosopher.
- born in Vienna and was brought up in the
Jewish tradition.
- In his work I and Thou (Ichi and Du) in 1923
-he conceived the human person in his
wholeness, totality, concrete existence, and
relatedness to the world.
 Buber's I-thou philosophy
different from things or from objects.
- The human person experiences one
wholeness not in the virtue of his relation to
one's self but in virtue of one's relation with
another self.
 I-It Relation
- Is a person to thing, subject to object that is
merely experiencing and using.
- An individual treats other people and things
as object to be used and experienced.
Karol Wojtyla
- Pope John Paul II, addressed the challenges
facing religion, utilizing mass media to
transform spiritual consequences.
The human person - the one who exits and acts
(consciousness acting, has a will, has self-
determination).
Actions - reveals the nature of the human agent.
Participation - explains the essence of the
human person.
The human person - oriented toward the relation
and sharing in the communal life for the common
good.
Loob
- has been an inseparable from religious
concern.
- The basis of Christian value of gratitude and
sensitivity to the needs of others is traced in
loob.
- both personal and social.
- The essence of loob is emphasized in I-thou
and I-We relations that reach to support and
sustain the community.
Christianity's God
- similar to the Brahman of India.
 In Hinduism, the Vedandist observes the three
stage to commune with God:
- faith(spirit),
- reason (intellect),
- experience (physical body).
Faith - the stage wherein the seeker simply accepts
the laws of nature as expression of divine existence.
Reason - second path, is where the seeker attempts to
understand these laws by rational and
Utang na loob - shifting of obligation to other persons
upon repayment.
Walang utang na loob – if the friend will not honor his
utang.
Martin Heidegger
- Human kind is a conversation.
- Conversation is more than an idle talk but a
dialogue.
- Language is a tool
for communication, information and
social interactions.
Dialogue - conversation that is attuned to each other
and to whatever the participants are talking about.
 For Heidegger (1997)
- all conversations are really one conversation,
the subject of which is Being.
 For Buber
- a life of dialogue is a mutual sharing of
our inner selves in the realm of the
interhuman.
Authentic Dialogue - Entails a person-to-person, a
mutual sharing of selves, acceptance, and sincerity.
 For Wojtyla
- in participation, we share in the humanities of
the other.
All of the philosophers mentioned talk about the same
type of relation, that is, a dialogue of human beings
based on mutual sharing of selves, acceptance and
sincerity.
SIR - smooth interpersonal relationship
Person with disability
- used instead of the word disable person, this
term maintains the dignity and value of the
person.
Disabled person
- the personhood of the individual is broken
and problematic, it is only his body that has a
disability.
Categories of PWDs
 hearing impaired
 diabetic
 asthmatic
 cystic fibrotic persons
“Performing activities that demonstrate the talents
of PWDs and underprivileged sectors of society”
 2014
- the National Statistics Office estimated that
about 1.44 million Filipinos have some form of
disability in the employable 15-64 years old
age bracket.
 EO 417 mandates all national government
agencies and state-run corporations to allot at
least one percent of their annual budget for
programs that will benefit the sector.
 EO 417 addresses the need for the
government to provide capitalization for PWD
livelihood activities, which include support for
technical skills through the labor department.
One of the major reasons why many PWD
enterprises fail is because of the lack of market
for their products.
People with disabilities
- incur additional expenses to achieve a
standard of living similar to those without
disabilities such as healthcare services,
costlier transportation options, and special
diets, among others.
In relation to poverty
- human trafficking has become a form of modern-
day slavery. Globally, men, women, and children are
forced into prostitution, and other forms of
exploitation that assault human dignity.
Pope Francis
- called this as "crimes against humanity" and has
called upon many to fight for human dignity and the
sacredness of life.
Crimes against humanity
-This is what Buber called the I-It relation, where the
other human being is perceived as an object rather
than as a human being.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau For the deaf

-women should be educated to please men.
-that women should be useful to men; should take
care, advise, console men; and render men's lives easy
and agreeable.
-total communication is recommended which includes
the use of fingerspelling and sign language.
Negative attitudes of the family and community
toward PWD'S may add to their poor academic and
vocational outcomes.

Mary Wollstonecraft
Apolinario Mabini
-in Vindication on the Rights of Women (1782), argued
that such education would produce women who were -Dakilang Paralitiko
mere propagators of fools.
- Filipino Hero who suffered from polio.
--She believed that women must be united with men
in wisdom and rationality.
Dimensions of Poverty
-women are not only to be valued until their beauty
fades. -The notion of poverty is not one dimensional rather it
is multidimensional
The world bank categorizes poverty into two levels:
“ON THE RIGHTS OF WOMEN”
 poor
 For Wollstonecraft,
 extremely poor.
- if men would snap women's chains, they
would find women who are more observant While those living below $2.00/day are considered
daughters, more affectionate sisters and poor
faithful wives, more reasonable mothers and
better citizens. while those living below $1.5/day are extremely poor
- She stressed that women should not marry There is growing recognition that income poverty is
for support. Instead, they should earn their not the only important measure of deprivation.
own "bread."
- In the Philippines, women are subjected to Poor health - an important aspect of poverty
oppression, among others, of class and sex.

"Babae"
- is a song by Inang Laya that problematizes the
gender role assigned by the social order to women
since their childhood.
- alternative song portraying the image of the woman
aspiring for liberation from patriarchy.

INTERSUBJECTIVITY
- Appreciating the Talents and Contributions of
Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) and those
from the Underprivileged Sectors of society.
- On Underprivileged Sectors of Filipino Society

A study in North America

-shows that 50% of deaf children read less than
normal children