RECENT TRENDS IN COMMUNICATION THEORIES & MODELS

Media richness model

Also known as Information richness theory. Introduced by Richard L. Daft and Robert
H. Lengel. It is an extension of information processing theory. This theory describe a
communication medium's ability to reproduce the information

 Media richness is a function of

 Ability of the media to handle multiple information simultaneously

 Facilitate rapid feedback
 Establish a personal focus
 Utilize natural language

 Applications

 Organizational and business communications

 Job performance
 Job seeking and recruitment

 Limitation

 Cultural and social background influence media choice by individuals

 Social pressures can influence media use

 Individual will also consider his or her comfort with the possible options

Media naturalness theory /Psychobiological model

 Proposed by Ned Kock

 Face-to-face medium at the center of a one-dimensional scale of naturalness, where

deviations to the left or right are associated with decreases in naturalness
SIDE Model

 Social identity model of deindividuation effects

 Describe social effects of computer-mediated communication

 Property of group identity increases than individual identity hence changes occurs in use
of CMC

 Applications- Online teams, electronic relationships and virtual communities, knowledge

sharing, and social effects of surveillance

Social information processing theory

 Combination of Interpersonal communication theory and media studies theory

 Proposed by Joseph Walther

 Online interpersonal communication without nonverbal cues and how people develop and
manage relationships in a computer mediated environment.

 Online interpersonal relationships may demonstrate the same or even greater relational
dimensions and qualities (intimacy) as traditional Face to Face relationships.

Hyperpersonal model

 CMC can become hyperpersonal because it "exceeds face-to-face interaction“

  A hyperpersonal message sender has a greater ability to strategically develop and edit
self-presentation, enabling a selective and optimized presentation of one's self to others.

 Application- Online relationship, online marketing, social media, Medical treatments

Communication models in IoT( internet of things)

1) Request & Response Model

This model follows a client-server architecture. This communication model is based on the client
(IoT Device) making requests and the server responding to those requests. Upon receiving a
request, the server decides what response to provide, fetches the requested data, prepares the
response, and then sends it back to the client. This model is stateless because the data between
requests is not retained, therefore each request is handled independently.

2) Publisher-Subscriber Model

This model comprises three entities: Publishers, Brokers, and Consumers. Publishers are the
source of data. It sends the data to the topic which are managed by the broker. They are not
aware of consumers. Consumers subscribe to the topics which are managed by the broker.
Hence, Brokers responsibility is to accept data from publishers and send it to the appropriate
consumers. The broker only has the information regarding the consumer to which a particular
topic belongs to which the publisher is unaware of.
 3) Push-Pull Model
The push-pull model constitutes data publishers, data consumers, and data queues. Publishers
and Consumers are not aware of each other. Publishers publish the message/data and push it into
the queue. The consumers, present on the other side, pull the data out of the queue. Thus, the
queue acts as the buffer for the message when the difference occurs in the rate of push or pull of
data on the side of a publisher and consumer. Queues help in decoupling the messaging between
the producer and consumer. Queues also act as a buffer which helps in situations where there is a
mismatch between the rate at which the producers push the data and consumers pull the data.

4) Exclusive-Pair Model
Exclusive Pair is the bi-directional model, including full-duplex communication among client
and server. The connection is constant and remains open till the client sends a request to close
the connection. The Server has the record of all the connections which has been opened. This is a
state-full connection model and the server is aware of all open connections. WebSocket based
communication API is fully based on this model.