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Design project 2 (SL): Space-saving worktable/storage

Criterion A
Problem Statement

The pricing of the housing market in the UK is increasing and it is expensive for families to buy the space
necessary. Only 25% of people on average incomes can buy a house, whereas 20 years ago it was 67%.
(Institute of Fiscal studies) In the 1980s, there was an average of 4 bedrooms per household which is now
below 3. The new boom in office-to-residential conversions particularly of 1960s urban tower blocks exempt
from the usual space standard requirements, resulting in a spate of "shoe-box homes". Two-thirds of
children in the US share a room. (New York Housing Survey).
This means there are more children in the 'box' 3rd bedroom through childhood, adolescence and into
adulthood because many graduates return home not being able to afford a flat.
These rooms don't have space for all the normal pieces of furniture in a bedroom, let alone useful storage
items. Any storage-saving furniture options on the market are either more hassle than they are worth or
branded for children which isn't ideal as a teenager or adult. This makes an opportunity to create storage
units customized for small spaces to maximize their potential and increase the ease of living for children.

200 words

Storage is under bed. Wall to wall bed leaves


Inconvenient solution. no space for other
furniture.

Opportunity to create
furniture that is wall
hanging. Other furniture must
, not be on floor so bed
acce-ssi0le.
Bed must be moved
every day to reach
necessary items.

Opportunity to create
storage over bed
instead of under.

Small rooms become Short-lived storage


very easily cluttered. solutions are made.

No useful storage
solutions. Drawers
cannot be opened.

Possessions cannot be
organised as not
enough space.

Design technology teacher support material 1


Design project 2 (SL): Space-saving worktable/storage

Criterion A

Shoebox room leaves


no space for
conventional desk.

Only storage space in


room is 3 bedside
drawers. Child chooses to
floor space over
storage.

With more furniture, no


room to get to bed.

Requires storage that


does not decrease floor +�-f'l�:::0:
space.

My Design Brief
I will design a product that saves space for target users from 10 to 20 years with inadequate space in their
bedrooms. This means effective use of space and unit can be used throughout adolescence. This is
beneficial because it will allow users the space to be fully utilised and items to be organised.

It should fulfil more than one purpose such as storage and desk, reducing the number of furniture items in
bedrooms.

It should be affordable for those that cannot afford bespoke storage solutions, therefore creating a simple
but useful design with a wide appeal.

It should mean that small bedrooms can be utilised to the fullest. My product should increase how well
users can use their bedroom.

It will have an aesthetic that appeals from age 10 to 20 so bedrooms can grow up with children rather than
have young adults feeling like their space isn't appropriate.

150 words

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Design project 2 (SL): Space-saving worktable/storage
Criterion A

Design Specification

Specification Rationale
Target Audience 1.1 Should be designed for young people 1.1 Research shows that cluttered
who struggle fitting into small bedrooms environments can have a detrimental
or shared bedrooms. Requires 70% effect on wellbeing (The Journal of
approval rating. Environmental Psychology). If 70% of
target user approves, then product is
successful.
1.2 Should appeal towards parents of 1.2 My questionnaire showed that
children who need storage and parents and children have different
organisation. priorities, so product needs to appeal
to both.
1.3 Should appeal to target user, engage 1.3 Two thirds of children share a
and encourage teenagers and allow room (U.S. Census Bureau)
minimum of 2 children to store belongings. so, unit must allow storage for more
than one person.
2. User Needs 2.1 Must fit into UK average child bedroom 2.1 80% of responses in my survey
size of 3m x 3m (US Department of Housing said they would like the unit to take
and Urban Development) and be compact so no floor space.
as not to remove space. Successful if it takes
less than 0.5m2 floor space.
2.2 Must enable flexible storage. 2.2 Unit needs to accommodate
storage of all items suggested by
potential user in survey.
2.3 Must be aesthetically pleasing to an age 2.3 Research suggests that boys and
range from child to young adult. Must appeal girls are attracted to different colours,
to males and females. product must find a balance.
3. Aesthetics 3.1 Colour of materials should indicate how 3.1 Further research suggests that
the design operates to increase ease of use. using colours to indicate usage
increases engagement of children.
3.2 The colour, texture, style and image 3.2 Over 20% of parents in survey
should reflect expectations of growing said their child's room needs
teenager. updating meaning that product needs
to allow for user to grow older.
4. Function 4.1 Product should be able to store; books, 4.1 90% of potential users named
magazines, schoolwork, stationary, makeup, one of books, magazines,
jewellery and electronics. schoolwork, stationary, beauty
product and electronics as the items
they needed to store.
4.2 Should allow for organised storage and 4.2 65% of parents said storage
should remain secure when not in use. needed compartmentalised
organisation and the ability to shut
away when needed.
5. Production 5.1 Manufacturing techniques should be 5.1 This is so that it can be easily
Constraints those most suited to the material chosen, the and inexpensively during one-off
cost and one-off production for prototype. production, and still be inexpensive
when product is produced for sale.
6. Material 6.1 Should be made from a durable material 6.1 User feedback suggests that
Selection that will enable the product to last for over 5 market updates their room once
years. every 5 years.

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Design project 2 (SL): Space-saving worktable/storage

Criterion A
6.2 Consider sustainability of materials used 6.2 Currently the sustainability of
for prototype and for potential production. products is important. 40% of market
said they would be more likely to
purchase if product was sustainable.
7. Size 7.1 The product should be compact, possibly 7.1 Market is concerned that product
foldaway, so that it is small and doesn't add could add to the clutter, 80% of
to the clutter. potential users said a product that
took no floor space would be best.

7.2 The product needs to be large enough to 7.2 Product needs to accommodate
accommodate a variety of items. A4 so schoolwork can be stored.

7.3 The product needs to accommodate 7.3 Using anthropometric data from
sizes from 10 years to 20 years; sitting height 'Bodyspace' will allow the size to be
range 380mm to 515mm, forward grip reach in the right range for the most users.
140mm to 150mm, female to male maximum
body breadth 485mm to 580mm.
8. Quantity 8.1 Should be batch produced. 8.1 The global folding furniture
market size was valued at USO 3.1
billion in 2018, however given that it
is so competitive batch production
would be the best starting point.
9. Market 9.1 The market requires a more adult design 9.1 Research has shown that most
Requirements for a space saving product like this. engaging storage items are aimed at
9.2 The market requires a product that is children.
inclusive to all cultures, genders and 9.2 Product must work for everyone -
disabilities. particularly disabled people who
should have access to an easy and
engaging product.

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Design project 2 (SL): Space-saving worktable/storage

Key: Criterion B
DS = Design And inspired by the Brampton Bike.
Specification. (FR)
FR= Further Could be hung from ceiling, Foldable,
Research. wall or door. (DS 7.1) compact, robust,
strong. (FR)
IMAGE OF BROMPTON
BIKE REMOVED FOR
COPYRIGHT REASONS

Inspired by
compressible
food packaging. Takes up no space in room
(FR) Folds away when not in use. (DS 7.1)
easily,
Sits flush to ceiling when
ce,tirt9
--
compact,
not in use. (DS 7.1)
colourful. (FR)

I
/ \
0
,,J.,/"
1.:- , -=- -�·
Ceiling hung desk. (DS 2.1, 7.1)
Door hanging box storage
system. (DS 2.1)

Takes up unused space Uses pulleys


so doesn't add to cluttered to store out of
room. (DS 1.1, 2.1, 2.2) the way on
ceiling. (FR,
DS 7.1)
Wall hung unit to replace bedside
Built-in bedside light to save
footprint of lamp. (DS4.1, 7.1) table. (DS =4.1,4.2, 7.2)

V
I
r 1 , ,
1 1
1 Includes slanted
1_/_,__.
'-1h: ,_,
_'==tri magazine rack
as they are hard
to store. (DS4.1)

u !__=--=-==-l ii(
1/
o/
f� 7
0

I
I I z
(I Includes multiple types of
storage for different items.
I I
r// (DS4.1,7.2)

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Design project 2 (SL): Space-saving worktable/storage

Criterion B

r
Interactive for children to Hangs on back of door using
use. (OS 1.1, 7.3) unused space. (
OS 2.1)

Available in multiple sizes


to allow for different
storage needs.

Foldable, more storage


than first impression.

Inspired by toolboxes that


Hinges that rotate to hide unfold as they open. {FR)
the stored items. (
OS 4.2)

�- Inspired by
Colourful, engaging, fun
and attractive to kids.
� ff1mportant as allows for Rubik's cube. Box with wires that
storage that is secure. {FR) reconfigures into a
seat.
Fulfils job of two , 11.1, 2 . 2 )
necessary furniture items.
(
OS 4.1)

Desk chair with concealed Each section


Y
.J,1' ,
has storage.
storage. O
( S 4.1)
(
OS 1.2, 4.2) V �""'-

rnV ___
Replaces current desk
chair so takes up no
extra room. O ( S 2.1,
l
Inspired by a thumb toy._.._,_�-!...'.,
that changes shape. F( R)

Interactive for children, fulfils


7.2) multiple purposes. ( FR)
Desk and lights fold away
Wall hanging desk when storage is not in use.
storag_ e u_n_it. (
� :--
__o s .
7 1)
�(
,1
1)
-
s. 7_ Takes up Bendable light to
=
�_;;: = = :; no
1 be incorporated
surface into a design.
space. F
( R)
(
OS 2.2)

�) -> Different angles


mean it can light
up multiple areas.
(
OS 1.1, 1.2)

fl �

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Design project 2 (SL): Space-saving worktable/storage

Multiple levels to store


Concertina style storage unit different items. (UF)
� - - � that hangs. {T) (DS 2.1 7 .1)
C
Criterion B I
C Triangular shape to

7
create storage in
Would corners. (UF) (T)
get in
way as
hangs Completely hidden
centrally y using unused space.
on wall.
Folds completely flat when
not in use. {T) (DS 7.1)

Used clear acrylic to allow Items easily moved and rolled


Created a compressible items to be seen through. (T) out. (T) (UF)
hanging storage box. (T)

Created an insert to stop


items from rolling out. (T) Customisable insert depending on items
(DS 4.3) wanting to be stored. (UF) (T)
Possible materials for concertina: (FR)

IMAGE OF METAL
IMAGES OF MATERIALS TOOLBOX REMOVED
REMOVED FOR COPYRIGHT
FOR COPYRIGHT
REASONS
REASONS

Cardboard - cheap, very Metal toolbox style -


Pothethylene - flexible, bendy, tears/ breaks
Canvas - durable, sturdy, strongest, requires
clear, not very sturdy. easily. (FR)
(FR) can be waterproof. (FR) redesign, heaviest
(FR)

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Concept Justification
Criterion B I
Amber Red Amber Red
Target 1.1
Audience
1.2 Supported canvas -
1.3 sturdier, less flexible.
User 2.1 (FR)
Needs
2.2
2.3
Aesthetics 3.1
3.2
Function 4.1
4.2
Production 5.1
Constraints
Material 6.1
Selection
6.2
Size 7.1
7.2
7.3

Key:
Green = successful

Red= not successful

Idea 2 will be taken forward for further development. Idea 2 fulfils the needs of the user whilst being
produced in the workshop and being cost effective. It is also appropriate for one-off production.

Its strengths are that it accomplishes the needs of the user in specification points 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3. It is
attractive to young people who struggle with small bedrooms because of its modern style and easy storage,
according to user feedback. It helps with keeping organised storage by having multiple small compartments
of different sizes for storing different types of items fulfilling spec. points 4.2 and 7.2. It also focuses on
saving space where it is most needed which is in desks and on bedside tables with small items that
generally get in the way.

The product is also compact as it can fold flat to the wall meaning it doesn't take up space in the room
(spec. point 7.1). It is a wall hanging design meaning that it doesn't require any floor space.

In terms of size, the design fulfils specification point 7.1 by being compact and foldaway, however, it
doesn't meet specification 7.2 as it doesn't easily accommodate larger items, similarly to user needs
specification point, 2.2. It does have one larger compartment which would hold textbooks etc. but it doesn't
hold as much as Idea 1. This is something that needs to be worked on in prototyping.

Material selection is also an area that needs improvement as there is a discord between the needs of form
and function. Function wise, using acrylic would be preferable as it is light so it would require less heavy­
duty attachment to the wall. However, form wise using a more stylish metal or light wood would create a
more modern look (spec. point 3.1 and 3.2).

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Design project 2 (SL): Space-saving worktable/storage

Key:
Increases Criterion B Two layers of spaces for larger and
DS = Design Specification
storage and smaller items.
ease of Lids open
use. sideways
instead of
back against
the wall.

Larger top layer cubbies than


Evolved to create two lids instead of previous so space is usable.
one. Avoids previous
hinge issues.
Increased support so
desk can take more
Continuing use of Mondrian design on top.
weight.
Conceal
s top
storage
whilst
still using
allowing square
it to be support
useful. system.

Supports include sliders allowing the


desk to seamlessly fold down.

Magnetic latches
to secure lids stay
shut when not
used. (OS 4.2)

Desk supports Allows for easy


fit into slots on folding away of
Use of natural wall hanging. desk.
wood instead
of acrylic for
main body.
Square
instead of IMAGE OF BOLT
rectangular REMOVED FOR
More appealing to to increase COPYRIGHT REASONS
target user. size of
desk. Use 5mm bolts,
washers and
wingnuts to secure
to wall.

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Criterion C Trying two types of glue:


Araldite
- Ten sol Cement
Contact adhesive
Tensol Cement is cleaner
but has less of a strong
hold.
Araldite is messy and
time con suming but
stronger.
Contact adhesive takes a
long time but is very
strong.

Acrylic plastic cut on the U sing 2D Design and


laser cutter. the laser cutter is more
accurate.
It creates a perfect,
replicable shape.

Different
options of Testing different options for hinges.
latches to Magnetic
latche s not Long butterfly
keep lid s hinge - cheap and
closed. strong
enough and more appropriate
not durable. for one-off
production.
Wingnut much
easier to operate
Multiple short SOSS invisible than hex nut.
butterfly hinges hinges - better No spanner required.
- cheap, not fully ae sthetic, too
concealed. expensive.
U se
roundhead
U se
countersunk
--�-·- - -�...----
� _,......,.,_Ledll ...

bolts as
pos sible to
manually
���:
s as
·--�·-
....... --=·
_ -,. __:::_
dis creet for
-------...iundo .
Left to right: hmges . Left to right: Plug prevents
them. To fix prototype
Roundhead, Roundhead, plasterboard
to wall: need
countersunk, hexagon. countersunk. wall ripping
pre-drilled hole �
and wall plug.

Product requires stability, strength, resistance to water in case of spillages and durability from main
body. Plywood was chosen as it has good dimensional stability, high impact resistance, water resistance
and good strength due to the cross-graining.
The top lids of the product require rigidity, strength and opportunities for colour. Acrylic was chosen
because it comes in a wide range of colours and thicknesses, it is rigid and has good impact strength. It
has good dimensional stability as well as resistance to weathering and sunlight which is helpful if
product is placed near a window or light source.

98 words

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Testing Strategy Criterion D

Test Type of test Subject Expected data Relevance Spec points tested
collected
1 Observation: Primary Qualitative data Size/ weight of 1.3, 2.1, 2.2,4.1,4.2,
interaction between user- 10 to - size + weight product must
user and product. 20-year interaction with function for smallest
olds. user. user.
2 Interaction and Primary Quantitative Gather data 1.1,4.2, 7.1, 7.3
questionnaire with user- 10 to data- ratio regarding length of
potential user on 20-year data. time to erect desk.
specific aspects. olds.
3 Interview parents of Potential Qualitative data Opinion of parent 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 2.2, 3.2,
potential user. market= on functionality key ensuring they 4.1
parents. and aesthetics. buy product for child.
4 Quantitative weight N/A Quantitative Product must carry 1.1, 1.3, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3,
testing. data on whether 5kg ensuring it can 9.2
the product can carry enough weight.
hold 5kq.
5 Focus group with Primary Quantitative - Key to test primary 3.1, 3.2, 4.1,4.2, 7.1,
structured user+ Integer data. user's feedback on 7.2
questions. potential function and
market. aesthetics.
6 Observation of Primary Qualitative data Students understand 2.2,4.1,4.2, 7.1, 7.2,
desk in school user. on whether the what qualities a desk 7.3, 9.2,
environment. desk functions needs to function.
properly.

Testing Justification

1. Must function for full range of users. Will gather qualitative data on whether users can operate
prototype mechanism. Product is successful if operated by entire age range.
2. Time range of users raising/ dropping the desk. Ensure market can complete the task for the
success of prototype. If some users cannot complete task/ it takes longer than 5 minutes, the
prototype is not successful.
3. Opinion of parents integral when designing product aimed at children. Collect qualitative data from
parents as product success depends on whether they purchase. Product is successful if majority of
parents would purchase.
4. Product must hold 5kg to store the same items as an average desk. If the desk can hold up to 5kg,
then strength is successful.
5. Collect integer data on functional and aesthetic aspects of product. Primary user must like aesthetic
choices and agree that the desk functions. Integer data will be collected using scale of responses to
structured questions.
6. Using school children to test allows more reliable results. Students understand what aspects a desk
requires for it to function - their opinion is important. If students agree that desk fulfils the
specification, then product is successful.
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Design project 2 (SL): Space-saving worktable/storage

Key:
Criterion D Green = successful
ssful
Red = not successful
Evaluation against Specification OS = Design Specification

1.3

Potential user Two potential


using product to users accessing
work. storage in the
product.

Strengths: 82% of interviewed potential users said they would buy product to solve space & storage
issues, this makes OS 1.1 successful as over 70% approval. Under observation, product fitted easily into
small or shared bedrooms and used no floor space. Easy to have two people accessing their belongings
showing that storage functions for two.

Weaknesses: The colour scheme of product did not appeal to all users and 15% of potential users in
questionnaire said they would not buy product due to colours. This means that product does not fulfil the
need to be engaging. 11% of potential market in interview questioned whether amount of storage provided
was enough for 2+ children.

2. User needs
2.3

Potential user
successfully
Potential user
closing product.
storing stationary
in top
Product takes no
compartments.
floor space when in
use or not.

Strengths: Product is successful regarding DS 2.1 as product uses less than 0.5m2 floor space and easily
fits into 3m x 3m bedroom. It is compact and foldaway making it the product with the most storage of its
kind on market. Product accommodates all items suggested by potential user in original survey making OS
2.2 successful.

Weaknesses: Issues over the colour scheme where 58% of potential users worried that the colours were
too lively. Boys prefer Mondrian Design inspired colour scheme to girls.

3.1

Strengths: Good feedback on choice of wood that would fit easily into
majority of bedrooms schemes during the focus group, questionnaire and
parent interview. Colourful top panels indicate usage of 4 top storage
compartments meaning OS 3.1 is partially successful.

Weaknesses: There were concerns about colour choices for product and
15% said they would not buy it due to colour scheme which was tested in the
focus group, interview and questionnaire. DS 3.1 is unsuccessful because
colours don't reflect growing teenager and aren't attractive to girls in
particular.

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Design project 2 (SL): Space-saving worktable/storage

Criterion 0

Larger
compartment able Two potential
to store A4 file for · users dropping
schoolwork. desk.

Strengths: Product has ability to store required items in OS 4.1. 82% of potential users said that product
would solve issues for them during the focus group and questionnaire. Use of catches mean product is
secure when not in use fulfilling OS 4.2.

Weaknesses: 12% of users during focus group and questionnaire said that the supports were fiddly.
Requires 2 people to comfortably raise and drop desk decreasing the functionality and ease of use. Target
user raised questions over safety of lids which aren't supported by anything meaning they could break off at
the hinge or hurt someone if the lid shut.

5. Production Constraints

Outcome

Male 18-year-old
potential user Strengths: Manufacturing techniques all possible in the
working at desk. workshop for one-off production. Plywood is readily available in
the workshop and can be easily machined using the machinery
available. Acrylic is also easily available. Due to both materials
being available easily, the cost is decreased which makes
sense for one-off production.

Potential user
struggling to raise
desk due to weight
of main body.

Strengths: Choices of materials are strong and durable, as well as the acrylic being layered with plywood
to support it. This should aid the product in being long-lasting.

Weaknesses: Not enough consideration of sustainability. Wood choice could have been MDF meaning use
of offcuts of other wood products. Manufacturing of acrylic plastic is bad for the environment so another
plastic could have been used to make it more sustainable.

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Design project 2 (SL): Space-saving worktable/storage

Criterion D

7. Size
7.2 7.3

Potential user 12-year-old


using the desk as a potential user
standing desk. requires help.

Strengths: Product is completely foldaway and would solve space/ storage issues in 82% of users' rooms
tested during questionnaire and focus group. Desk accommodates anthropometric ranges by being
attached to the wall and adjusted. It can be bolted on at correct height.

Weaknesses: During observation, the product fitted all items that users need to store. 11 % of parents
suggested in interview that more storage would be useful. Some of younger potential users struggled to
raise and drop the desk by themselves.

8. Quantity

Strengths: Design could easily be transferred to batch production - flexibility in manufacture. The product
lends itself to 'just in time' production where product is only made once ordered. This is due to the fact that
all machinery needed for the production is non-specific and could also be used for other products. A range
could be developed, and machinery could be also used for that.

9. Market Re uirements
9.1

Younger user
using the product
for storage.

Strengths: Product is completely non-discriminatory. Adjustability means that it can be used standing or
sitting.

Weaknesses: 15% of potential users commented that the product's colour choices were too childish and
took away from the adult design. Someone with a disability may not be able to raise/ drop desk.

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Design project 2 (SL): Space-saving worktable/storage

I Criterion D
Modifications

Identified Problem Solution to roblem Effect on


Aesthetics of lid design
Too bright Further research suggests
Could be
Feels childish teenagers use one / two Minimal effect for
customis
users don't colours in room. prototype overall design
able to
understand allow for does not change.
Mondrian Teenagers could be shared
painting. inspired by sport or music.
More attractive E.g ...
to boys.

Taylor Switt
team
Simplicity of desk Could use Minimal effect on overall
supports Wouldn't
hydraulic prototype and aesthetic.
Younger users allow it to
arm to
cannot raise or fully Function of raising and
raise desk.
drop the desk collapse. dropping table much
by themselves. simpler.
Q

Time Pulley Would


consuming system -l decrease
would be storage Two
Fiddly- no triangular
ease of use. possible. space.
legs fold from
Wouldn't flat under
Triangular
be able desk.
leg on
hinge. to fold
away as
would
overlap.

Two smaller
triangular legs Support desk from
would fold next both sides. Simpler
to each other. for younger user.

Opening of lids Multiple Cabinet hinges have minimal


Nothing holds effect on overall function and
solution options
lids open when design.
they are in use. for keeping lids
Dangerous if secure when Would prevent lids from
user lets go and open. breaking when open or from
lid shuts on their All these solutions hurting user.
,;# would stop lids from
',-- -- - - - --1

hand _
,,
May cause lid to �/::::.,_ _/4,Yl closing fully.
break when it is 't__ _y ,.__________----i
left open as
nothing is

C[-
A cabinet hinge would
supporting hold lid open meaning
weight except not dangerous.
the hinge.
'.!)

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Design project 2 (SL): Space-saving worktable/storage

Criterion D
Amount of storage Could use shelving Would not affect design of
Questions over above main unit to original prototype but would
whether the increase storage. build on that to increase the
amount of volume of storage according to
storage is Storage not secure user needs.
enough for and wouldn't follow
more than one spec point 4.2.
user.
Storage doesn't lJ
allow for any Instead attaching a
large three­ cabinet to wall fixing.
dimensional
items.
Allows increased and
secure storage.

Height of cabinet
could be adjustable for
different aged users.
Sustainability of To increase sustainability of product: Minimal effect on prototype as
materials same function and aesthetic
Materials used Product could be Use more would remain.
are not as made easier to screws and bolts Some materials and joining
sustainable as dismantle. and less glue. techniques would be different.
possible.
Products of Materials could This would allow
manufacturing be exchanged materials to be
chosen for more eco­ separated for
materials is bad friendly recycling / reuse.
for the materials.
environment.
There are more MDF used instead
sustainable of plywood as MDF
options, but it is made using
would increase offcuts.
the cost.

437 words

Design technology teacher support material 37

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