Cognitive psychology - Depending on the brain if it will take it or

not.
Pre Lim
- Store information (The info. We will
R.A 10029- The Philippine Psychology Act store it or not, remember it or not.)
of 2009
Cognitive Psych revolves to the notion that
-provision granted a period for practitioners to if we want to know what makes a people
register as psychologist without examination tick then we need to understand the internal
and crafted sufficient standards on who may processes of their mind.
avail the exemption measured in terms of
Cognition- means “knowing”
educational and work experience.
Stages of Cognitive Processing
R.A 9258 Guidance and Counseling Act of
2004
- recognize the importance of advancing and
protective the guidance and counseling
profession by establishing preventive
regulatory mechanism and standard of
practice.
Cognitive Psychology
- Study of human mental processes and
their role in thingking, feeling and
behaving. Input
- Way of the brain info. Processes.
- Include mental processes involved in - Information from our sensory senses.
perception, learning and memory Perception
storage, thinking and language.
- Branch of psychology that studies - We have different perception about the
mental processes including how people information we sense
think, perceive, remember and learn. - Depends on how we process
information.
Learning and memory storage
- Depend if we will remember it or not.
- Larger field of cognitive science related - Neurons- Braincells
to other disciplines; -have different neurotransmitter
 Neuroscience activated, then the learning and memory
 Philosophy storage happen.
 Linguistic (language a person need)
- changes in synapses.
Core focus is how people;
Retrieval
- Acquire (information from the
environment, includes things we can - After info go there into different
control and things we cannot control.) braincells, have different ways in
- Process (information and what we will retrieving info.
do about the info. Thinking
- How information process
 - How we understand information
Approaches to study of cognition
Cognitive neuropsychology
Gestalt and Schema Theories
Experimental Cognitive Psychology
First cognitive psychologist
Wilhelm Wundt (1879)
- Father of Psychology
- set up 1st psychology laboratory in
leizpig in 1879, where he carried
out research on perception,
including some of the earliest
studies of visual illusions.
Herman Ebbinghaus
- 1st experimental research on
memory retain.
- Published in 1855 the first
experimental research on memory
and many subsequent researchers
were to adopt his method over the
years that followed.
William James
- In 1890 published a book “
Principles of Psychology”\
- Proposed number of theories including
theory of distinguishing between short
and long term memory.
The rise and fall of Behaviorism
- Cognitive psych have a slow progress
because of the growing influence of
Behaviorism – John B. Watson 1913
- Investigation of externally observable
behavior and rejects any consideration
of inner mental processes.
- Base on what you see
- How we respond on observable
behavior.
- German for shape/form
- Emphasized the way in which the
components of perceptual input became
grouped and integrated into patterns
and whole figure.

Gestalt group
Max Wetheimer (1912); Wolfganf Kohler
( 1952); Kurt Koffka (1935)
- Suggested that we add something to
what we perceive, so that the perception
of a whole object will be something
more than just the sum of its component
parts.
- They argued the perception of a figure
depended on its “pragnanz”
(meaningful content), which favoured
the selection and best interpretation
available ( koffka 1935).
Schema Theory
Bartlett (1935)
- Mental pattern from past experiences
- Depend on the perceiver.
- Mental pattern usually derived from past
experiences which is used to assist with
the interpretation of subsequent
cognitions.
- Filtering information
- Carried out experiment on divided
attention, showed that people have
difficulty in attending two separate
inputs at the same time.
- Selective Attention process of directing
our awareness to relevant stimuli while
ignoring irrelevant stimuli in the
environment.
Cognitive Neuroscience and
Neuropsychology
Structure and function of the brain
Cerebral Cortex
- Outer shell of the brain lies on top of the
cerebrum
- 2 hemisphere ( right and left
hemisphere)

“perception lies in the brain of the perceiver”

Top Down and Bottom down input Process
Top down Processing
- Processing in which we used to stored
knowledge and schemas to interpret an
incoming stimulus.
Schema driven/conceptually driven
processing
Bottom- up processing
- Processing directed by information
contained within the stimulus
Stimulus-driven/data driven processing
Computer Model of Information Processing
The Limited- Capacity Processor model
Donald E. Broadbent (1958)
- Selective attention
 - Other parts of the frontal lobes are
involved in the central executive system
that controls conscious mental
processes such as making of conscious
decisions.

Occipital lobe
- Visual input
- Directed to the eye
- Back of the brain are mainly concerned
with the processing of visual input and
damage to the occipital lobes may
Frontal lobe
impair visual perception.
- Action/ mental and physical movement
- Executive functioning
- Motor region of the cortex that controls
movement. Damage to this area is likely
to cause problems with the control of
movement or even paralysis.

Parietal Lobe\
- Somatosensory\
- Storage of short term memory
- Contain somatic sensory cortex which
receives tactile input from the skin as
well as feedback from the muscles and
internal organs ( pain , short term
- Broca’s area’s – control the production memory)
of speech and it is normally in the left
hemisphere of the brain.
Temporal Lobe Synapse
- Auditory brain - gap between axon of one neuron and
- Known particularly concerned with the dendrite of another neuron.
memory, temporal lobe lesions are often
associated with severe amnesia,
- Post traumatic disorder
- wernicke’ s area- language center and
concerned with memory for language
and understanding of speech.

Double dissociation
- method distinguishing between two
functions whereby each can be
separately affected or impaired by some
external factor without the other function
being affected thus providing particularly
convincing evidence for the
independence of the two function.
Neurotransmitter
- chemical substance which is secreted
across the synapse between two
neurons enabling one neuron to
stimulate another.
Cell Assembly
- a group of cells which have become
linked to one another to form a single
functional network.
- Proposed by Hebb as possible
biological mechanism underlying the
representation and storage of a memory
trace.

Automatic vs Controlled Processing

Controlled Processing
- Carried out consciously and intentionally
- Relatively slow, voluntary process.
Automatic Processing
- already stored in you that unconsciously
you what you are going to do.
- Cognitive processes which are not
under conscious control, does not
demand attention not capacity limited or
resource limited and not available for
conscious inspection.