Updated 22 Aug 2023

PAKISTAN STUDIES 2059/01

TOPIC-WISE PAST QUESTIONS

1. Causes and consequences of the decline of Mughal Empire

Why did the East India Company become involved in the Indian Sub-continent? Jun 01
OR Jun 05
Explain the appeal of India to the East India Company during the early seventeenth Jun 09
century. Nov 10
1 OR [7] Jun 14
Explain why the East India Company was interested in the Sub-continent in the Jun 16
years before 1750? Nov 17
OR Jun 19
Explain why the British wanted to trade in India from 1600? Jun 20
Was the in-fighting between Aurangzeb’s successors the most important reason for
the collapse / break-up of the Mughal Empire? Explain your answer.
OR
Nov 01
‘Aurangzeb’s successors failed to live up to his courageous and determined
Nov 03
2 personality.’ Was this the most important reason for the decline of the Mughal [14]
Nov 05
Empire? Give reasons for your answer.
Jun 17
OR
Were the weak and greedy characteristics of Aurangzeb’s successors the most
important reason for the collapse of the Mughal Empire? Explain your answer.
Jun 02
Briefly explain three reasons for the decline of Mughal Empire. Jun 06
3 OR [7] Nov 10
Explain why the Mughal Empire declined following the reign of Aurangzeb? Jun 12
Nov 19
How successful was Indian resistance to British attempts to take control of lands in Jun 02
the Sub-continent? Explain your answer. Jun 08
4 OR [14] Nov 12
To what extent were Indian rulers able to limit British expansion across the Nov 17
subcontinent between 1860 and 1740? Explain your answer. [10] Jun 23
Why did the British government take control of the affairs of East India Company
5 [7] Jun 04
in the early nineteenth century?
Why were the British able to replace Mughals as the dominant force in the Sub- Nov 04
6 [7]
continent / take control of India by 1850? Nov 15
Why did the Indian Sub-continent attract European traders in the late 16 th and early Jun 07
7 [7]
17th centuries? Nov 12
‘The coming of the British / British expansion in India was the main reason for the
Jun 07
8 decline of the Mughal Empire.’ Do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your [14]
Nov 18
answer.
Explain why the successors of Aurangzeb failed to prevent the decline of the
Mughal Empire? OR Nov 08
9 [7]
How did the successors of Aurangzeb contribute to the downfall of the Mughal Nov 13
Empire?
Nov 06
Why was Britain successful in increasing / maintaining its control of some parts of Jun 09
the Sub-continent in the years 1750 to 1850? Jun 11
10 OR [7] Jun 13-C
Explain how Britain extended its control across the Sub-continent between 1756 Nov 16
and 1856? Jun 20
Nov 22
‘The policies of Aurangzeb were the main reason for the decline of the Mughal Nov 09
11 [14]
Empire.’ Do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your answer. Jun 20
12 What was the East India Company? [4] Jun 10
 How successful were British attempts to take control of lands in the Sub-continent
13 [14] Nov 10
between 1750 and 1856?
‘The spread of Maratha power was the main reason for the decline of the Mughal
Empire.’ Do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your answer.
OR [14] Jun 11
14
‘The Marathan Rebellions were the main reason for the decline of the Mughal Nov 21
Empire after the death of Aurangzeb.’ How far do you agree with this statement?
Explain your answer. [10]
Nov 11
15 Who was Titu Mir? [4]
Jun 18
Did educational reforms have a more important effect on the Indians than the
Nov 11
16 social, religious and economic ones introduced by the British during the years 1773 [14]
Nov 19
to 1856? Explain your answer.
17 Describe the Battle of Plassey. [4] Jun 12
18 Describe what the Marathas did? [4] Jun 13-C
Who was Ranjit Singh?
Jun 13
19 OR [4]
Jun 21
Describe the achievements of Ranjit Singh.
Was the Industrial Revolution in Britain the most important reason why the British
20 [14] Nov 13
were able to take control of India between 1750 and 1850? Explain your answer.
21 What was suttee? [4] Nov 14
According to Source A what reasons are suggested for the British victory at the Battle of Plassey in
22 [3] Jun 15
1757?
23 What does Source B tell us about the British East India Company in 1825? [5] Jun 15
Was the work of Christian missionaries the most important reason why the Indians
24 opposed British attempts to westernise them between 1750 and 1850? Explain your [10] Jun 15
answer.
25 Who was Tipu Sultan? [4] Jun 15
26 Who was Robert Clive? [4] Nov 15
Were the invasions by the Persians and the Afghans the main reason for the decline
27 [14] Nov 15
of Mughal Empire? Explain your answer.
According to Source A, what difficulties did the Indian cotton industry face during the nineteenth
28 [3] Jun 17
century?
How does Source B help us to understand Indian concerns about the building of railways in India
29 [5] Jun 17
during the nineteenth century?
30 Why did the British build railways in India during the nineteenth century? [7] Jun 17
31 Who were zamindars? [4] Jun 17
32 Why Robert Clive was appointed the first Governor of Bengal? [7] Jun 17
33 Who were the Thuggee? [4] Nov 17
34 Who was Warren Hastings? [4] Nov 17
35 Why were the Marathas defeated after the decline of the Mughal Empire? [7] Nov 17
36 According to Source A, why did many people die at Fort William in 1756? [3] Jun 19
37 What can we learn from Source B about famine in the Sub-continent during British control? [5] Jun 19
38 Explain why Robert Clive was successful in the Battle of Plassey in 1757? [7] Jun 19
Was the India Act of 1784 the main reason why British were able to expand beyond
39 [10] Jun 19
Bengal between 1784 and 1850? Explain your answer.
40 Who was Ahmad Shah Durrani? [4] Jun 19
41 Who was Lord Wellesley? [4] Jun 19
42 According to Source A, what were the personal characteristics of Robert Clive? [3] Jun 20
What can we learn from Source B about the treatment of Indian hostages during the Mysore
43 [5] Jun 20
Wars?
44 Who was Mir Qasim? [4] Jun 20
Explain the impact of railways on the lives of Indian people in the nineteenth
45 [7] Jun 20
century.
46 According to Source A, why was Queen Victoria made Empress of India? [3] Nov 20
47 What can we learn from Source B about Tipu Sultan, ruler of Mysore? [5] Nov 20
2
48 Describe the Jizya tax. [4] Nov 20
According to Source A, which policies do some historians claim contributed to the increasing
49 [3] Nov 21
instability of the Mughal Empire by the time of Aurangzeb’s death?
50 What can we learn from Source B about Mughal rule in India? [5] Nov 21
51 Explain why the Hindu community objected to the Jizya tax? [7] Nov 21
52 Describe what happened at the Battle of Buxar. [4] Nov 21
According to Source A, Mir Jafar was unpopular as Nawab of Bengal. Identify three ways he was
53 [3] Jun 23
unpopular as Nawab of Bengal.
54 What can we learn from Source B about the death of Tipu Sultan? [5] Jun 23
Explain how Titu Mir protected the interests of Indian farmers in the subcontinent
55 [7] Jun 23
in the early nineteenth century?

2. Religious thinkers in the sub-continent in 18th and 19th centuries

Why did Syed Ahmed Shaheed Barelvi conduct a jihad against the Sikhs in the early Nov 00
1 [7]
nineteenth century? Nov 18
How important was the work of Shah Waliullah for the revival / spread of Islam in
the Sub-continent before 1850? Explain your answer.
Nov 00
OR
Nov 04
Did Shah Waliullah contribute more to the spread of Islam than anyone else in the
Nov 08
2 Sub-continent before 1850? Explain your answer. [14]
Nov 09
OR
Jun 16
‘The work of Shah Waliullah was the main factor contributing to the spread of
Jun 21
Islam between 1700 and 1850.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain
your answer.
Which of the following was the most important in the spread of Islam during the
seventeenth and eighteenth centuries;
i. Shah Waliullah Jun 01
3 [14]
ii. Syed Ahmed Shaheed Barailvi Jun 13-C
iii. Haji Shariatullah?
Explain your answer with reference to all three of the above.
4 Why did Syed Ahmed Shaheed Barailvi wish to revive Islam in the Sub-continent? [7] Nov 02
5 Why did Shah Waliullah wish to revive Islam in the Sub-continent? [7] Jun 03
Why did Syed Ahmed Shaheed Barailvi have such a major influence on the revival
6 [7] Nov 03
of Islam in the Sub-continent?
Why did Shah Waliullah have such an important influence on the revival of Islam in
Nov 05
the Sub-continent?
Jun 10
7 OR [7]
Nov 15
Explain why Shah Waliullah was an important figure for the Muslim community
Nov 20
during the eighteenth century?
Why were there attempts to revive Islam in the Sub-continent during the 18th and Nov 07
8 [7]
early 19th centuries? Jun 13
Was the work of Syed Ahmed Shaheed Barailvi the most important factor in the
revival of Islam in the Sub-continent during the 17th and 18th centuries? Give
reasons for your answer. Jun 08
9 [14]
OR Jun 19
Did Syed Ahmad Barelvi contribute more to the spread of Islam than anyone else
in the Sub-continent before 1840? Give reasons for your answer.
10 What was the Faraizi Movement? [4] Nov 10
Jun 11
11 Describe the achievements of Shah Waliullah in reviving Islam. [4]
Jun 14
Did Haji Shariatullah contribute more to the spread of Islam than anyone else in the Nov 11
12 [14]
Sub-continent before 1850? Explain your answer. Nov 17
13 Describe what happened at the Battle of Balakot? [4] Jun 22
Explain why Haji Shariatullah was an important figure in the revival of Islam during
14 [7] Jun 22
the eighteenth century?

3
 3. War of Independence
1 Briefly explain three reasons for the War of Independence. [7] Jun 00
Was the introduction of “Doctrine of Lapse” in 1852 the most important reason Jun 01
2 [14]
for the War of Independence in 1857? Explain your answer. Jun 14
Why did the War of Independence of 1857 fail?
Jun 02
OR
Nov 07
Why did the Indians not achieve independence in 1857?
Nov 09
3 OR [7]
Nov 11
Why did the War of Independence fail to meet its aims in 1857?
Nov 13
OR
Jun 19
Why did the War of Independence of 1857not succeed?
‘The War of Independence achieved nothing’. Give reasons why you might agree
and disagree with this statement.
Nov 02
4 OR [14]
Jun 21
To what extent were the outcomes of War of Independence beneficial for India?
Explain your answer.
‘The War of Independence was caused by the greased cartridge incident’. Give Jun 03
5 [14]
reasons why you might agree and disagree with this statement. Jun 12
‘A lack of unity and coordination was the main reason for the failure of the War of Jun 04
6 [14]
Independence by 1858’? Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer. Jun 10
‘The introduction of social reforms by the British, such as education, caused the
7 [14] Nov 05
War of Independence in 1857.’ Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer.
‘The establishment of English as the official language of the sub-continent was the
8 main reason for the War of Independence of 1857.’ Do you agree or disagree? Give [14] Jun 07
reasons for your answer.
What happened at the Battle of Kanpur? Jun 11
9 OR [4] Jun 16
Describe the military actions of Nana Sahib in 1857? Nov 22
10 Describe the events of the War of the War of Independence, 1857-1858. [4] Jun 13-C
‘The strength of the British army was the sole reason for the failure of the War of
11 [14] Nov 14
Independence by 1858’. Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer.
12 Who was Nana Sahib? [4] Nov 16
Was an absence of leadership the main reason why the War of Independence in
13 [10] Jun 17
1857 failed? Explain your answer.
Was religion the most important reason for the War of Independence in 1857? Give
14 [14] Jun 18
reasons for your answer.
15 Who was Lakshmibai? [4] Nov 18
To what extent were the economic reforms the main cause of the War of
16 [14] Jun 20
Independence in 1857? Explain your answer.
To what extent were the different aims of Indian groups in 1857 the main reason
17 [14] Nov 20
why the War of Independence was short-lived? Explain your answer.
To what extent were military factors the main cause of the War of Independence in
18 [14] Jun 22
1857? Explain your answer.

4
 4. The work of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
Were educational developments the most important contribution of Sir Syed
Ahmed Khan in his attempt to improve relations between Muslims and the British?
Explain your answer.
OR
Jun 00
Was the development of western education system the most important contribution
Jun 09
1 of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan in developing the cause of the Muslims during the [14]
Nov 16
nineteenth century? Explain your answer.
Nov 22
OR
‘Introducing a new approach to education was the main contribution of Sir Syed
Ahmad Khan to improve the lives of Muslim people during the nineteenth century.’
How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer.
Why did Sir Syed Ahmed Khan try to improve relations between the Muslims and Nov 00
British? OR Jun 08
2 Why did Sir Syed Ahmed wish to develop a better understanding with the British [7] Nov 14
following the War of Independence (1857-58)? Jun 18
Nov 21
3 Why did Sir Syed Ahmed Khan develop his ‘Two Nation Theory’? [7] Jun 01
Which of the following was the most important contribution of Sir Syed Ahmed
Khan in restoring the position of Muslims in the Sub-continent:
i. attempts to achieve a better understanding between the British and the
Muslims;
ii. education; Nov 03
4 iii. politics? [14] Jun 05
Explain your answer with reference to all three of the above. Jun 15
OR
Was the attempt to achieve a better understanding with the British the most
important contribution that Sir Syed Ahmed Khan made to the Muslim cause
during the nineteenth century? Explain your answer.
‘Sir Syed Ahmed Khan’s political beliefs had a greater impact on the Muslims than
any of his other beliefs.’ Do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your answer. Nov 07
5 OR [14] Jun 13-C
Was the Two Nation Theory the most important contribution of Sir Syed Ahmed Nov 20
Khan? Explain your answer.
6 [14]
Were the religious views of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan his most important contribution Nov 10
7 [14]
in developing the cause of Muslims during the 19th century? Explain your answer. Jun 19
8 Why did Sir Syed Ahmed Khan found the Aligarh Movement? [7] Jun 11
Nov 11
9 What was ‘The Loyal Mohammedans of India’? [4]
Nov 19
10 Describe the ‘Hindi-Urdu Controversy.’ [4] Nov 12
What was the Muhammadan Anglo Oriental School?
11 OR [4] Jun 22
Describe the purpose of the Anglo Oriental College.

5
 5. Urdu and regional languages
How successful has Pakistan been in promoting its regional languages? Explain
1 [14] Nov 00
your answer.
Nov 01
Why did Pakistan choose Urdu as its national language?
Jun 04
OR
Nov 05
Explain the choice of Urdu in 1947 as the national language of Pakistan.
Jun 08
2 OR [7]
Nov 11
Explain why Muhammad Ali Jinnah chose Urdu as the national language of
Jun 15
Pakistan.
Nov 18
Jun 21
How successful has been the promotion of the following languages in Pakistan
between 1947 and 1999;
Jun 02
i. Punjabi;
3 [14] Nov 04
ii. Sindhi;
Jun 13
iii. Pushto?
Explain your answer with reference to all three of the above.
‘The development of Pushto has been promoted more than any other Pakistani
4 language between 1947 and 1988.’ Give reasons why you might agree and disagree [14] Nov 03
with this statement.
‘The promotion of regional languages in Pakistan between 1947 and 1988 has been
5 [14] Jun 06
more successful than the promotion of Urdu.’ Do you agree? Explain your answer.
‘Sindhi was promoted more than any other regional language between 1947 and
6 [14] Nov 07
1988.’ Do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your answer.
Has the promotion of Urdu been more successful than that of any regional
7 [14] Jun 09
language in Pakistan between 1947 and 1988? Explain your answer.
Why have regional languages been promoted by the Pakistan government since Nov 09
8 [7]
1947? Jun 13-C
How has the Pakistan government promoted the development of Balochi since
9 [4] Nov 10
1947?
‘Punjabi has been promoted more than any other Pakistani regional language
10 between 1947 and 1999.’ Give reasons why you might agree or disagree with this [14] Jun 11
statement.
11 How has the Pakistan government promoted the development of Punjabi? [4] Nov 12
12 How has Pakistan promoted the development of Sindhi since 1947? [4] Nov 13

6. Pakistan Movement during the early twentieth century

Nov 00
1 Explain why the Lucknow Pact of 1916 was made / came about? [7] Jun 06
Jun 13-C
Jun 01
Nov 03
2 Why was the Partition of Bengal reversed in 1911? [7] Nov 05
Jun 07
Jun 14
Which of the following had the most important effect on Hindu-Muslim
relationship between 1914 and 1928:
i. Lucknow Pact 1916;
3 [14] Jun 01
ii. Montague-Chelmsford Reforms 1919;
iii. Nehru Report 1928?
Explain your answer with reference to all three of the above.

6
 Nov 01
Explain the reasons for the establishment of Muslim League in 1906. Jun 03
OR Jun 05
Why was the Muslim League founded in 1906? Jun 09
4 [7]
OR Jun 12
Explain why the Muslim community felt it necessary to form their own political Nov 14
party in 1906? Jun 18
Jun 21
5 How did the Hindus oppose the Partition of Bengal between 1905 and 1911? [7] Nov 02
‘The Morley-Minto Reforms were the most important of the attempts by either the
Muslims, Hindus or the British government in seeking a solution to the problems in Jun 03
6 [14]
the sub-continent between 1906 and 1920’. Do you agree? Give reasons for your Nov 05
answer.
Jun 04
7 Why was Bengal partitioned in 1905? [7] Nov 12
Jun 16
Nov 04
Nov 08
8 Why did the Congress Party oppose the Morley-Minto Reforms of 1909? [7]
Jun 13
Nov 21
‘The Lucknow Pact of 1916 was the only beacon of hope for Hindu-Muslim unity
9 [14] Nov 04
between 1914 and 1930.’ Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer.
‘Bengal was partitioned in 1905 because of geographical factors.’ Do you agree?
Explain your answer.
Jun 06
10 OR [14]
Jun 23
‘Bengal was partitioned in 1905 because it was too large.’ How far do you agree
with this statement? Explain your answer.
Why was the Simla Delegation an important turning point / event for the Muslims Nov 06
11 [7]
of the sub-continent? Nov 10
‘The Morley-Minto Reforms were more important than any other political
Nov 07
12 developments between 1901/1909 and 1919.’ Do you agree or disagree? Give [14]
Nov 22
reasons for your answer.
‘The reasons for partitioning Bengal in 1905 were more important than those that Jun 09
13 [14]
caused its reversal in 1911.’ Do you agree? Explain your answer. Jun 11
‘The Muslim League was established in 1906 because the Hindus had their own
14 [14] Jun 10
political party.’ Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer.
Nov 10
15 What was the Swadeshi Movement? [4] Nov 14
Jun 18
Describe the Rowlatt Act.
Jun 11
16 OR [4]
Jun 22
Describe the terms of the Rowlatt Act.
17 What was the Amritsar Massacre? [4] Jun 13
‘The Montague-Chelmsford Reforms were more important than any other political
18 developments between 1909 and 1919.’ Do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for [14] Nov 11
your answer.
Jun 12
19 What was the Lucknow Pact? / Describe what happened at Lucknow in 1916. [4]
Nov 16
‘The Lucknow Pact of 1916 was the most important attempt by either the Muslims,
20 Hindus or the British government in seeking a solution to the problems in the sub- [14] Nov 12
continent between 1909 and 1919.’ Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer.
21 What was the Simla Deputation? [4] Jun 13
Was the need for their own political party the most important reason why the
22 [14] Nov 13
Muslim League was established in 1906? Explain your answer.
How successful were political developments in finding a solution to the problems in
[14] Jun 14
23 the sub-continent between 1909 and 1913? Explain your answer.

7
 Were the Montague-Chelmsford Reforms the main reason for the outbreak of
24 [14] Nov 14
violence across India in 1919? Explain your answer.
25 Why were the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms opposed by Indians in 1919? [7] Nov 15
Nov 15
26 How successful was the Partition of Bengal in 1905? Explain your answer. [14]
Jun 20
27 Explain the terms of the Indian Councils Act of 1909. [4] Jun 16
Was the introduction of the Rowlatt Act in 1919 the sole cause of violence in India
28 [14] Jun 16
during 1919 and 1920? Explain your answer.
Was the partition of Bengal the main reason for the formation of the Muslim
29 [14] Nov 16
League in 1906? Give reasons for your answer.
According to Source A what reasons are suggested for the introduction of the Defence of India Act
30 [3] Nov 18
in 1915?
31 How does Source B help us to understand what happened at Jallianwala Bagh in 1919? [5] Nov 18
32 Why was India not granted self-rule by Britain in 1919? [7] Nov 18
Which of the following had the most important effect on the Pakistan Movement
between 1909 and 1919?
i. the Morley Minto Reforms 1909
33 [10] Nov 18
ii. the Reversal of the Partition of Bengal 1911
iii. the Lucknow Pact 1916
Explain your answer with reference to all three of the above.
Explain how the British reacted to Hindu-led protests against the Partition of
34 [7] Nov 18
Bengal between 1906 and 1908?
Was the Simla Deputation of 1906 the most important reason for the formation of
35 [14] Nov 19
the Muslim League later that year? Explain your answer.
36 Who was General Dyer? [4] Jun 20
According to Source A, what were the reasons for India supporting Britain in the First World
37 [3] Jun 21
War?
38 What can we learn from Source B about British presence in India at this time? [5] Jun 21
39 Explain the importance of Lucknow Pact of 1916. [7] Jun 21
To what extent had India benefited by the early 1920s from supporting Britain in
40 [10] Jun 21
the first World War? Explain your answer.
41 Describe the events that took place at Jallianwala Bagh in 1919. [4] Nov 21
To what extent was the need for a political party to represent the Muslim
42 community the main reason for the establishment of the All-India Muslim League [14] Jun 22
in 1906? Explain your answer.
43 Describe the impact of Lord Curzon on India. [4] Nov 22
44 Describe the aims of All India Muslim League. [4] Jun 23
45 Describe the Delhi Proposals of 1927. [4] Jun 23

7. Khilafat Movement
Jun 00
Was the migration to Afghanistan (Hijrat) the most important reason why the
1 [14] Nov 10
Khilafat Movement failed? Explain your answer.
Jun 14
Explain the reasons for the establishment of Khilafat Movement.
OR Nov 01
Why was the Khilafat Movement founded? Jun 02
2 OR [7] Jun 10
Why did the Khilafat Movement emerge? Nov 16
OR Nov 22
Explain why people joined the Khilafat Movement?
Nov 02
Was the withdrawal of Gandhi’s support from the Khilafat Movement the most
3 [14] Jun 12
important reason for its failure?
Jun 17

8
 Nov 03
Why did the Khilafat Movement fail? Jun 06
4 OR [7] Jun 08
Explain why the Khilafat Movement had failed by / ended in 1924? Nov 13
Jun 20
Was the Chauri Chaura incident the most important reason for the failure of the
5 [14] Jun 04
Khilafat Movement? Give reasons for your answer.
Was the Khilafat Movement founded because the Muslims feared the break up of
6 [14] Jun 05
Turkey after the First World War? Explain your answer.
Was the abolition of the institution of the caliphate in 1924 the main reason for the
7 [14] Nov 06
failure of Khilafat Movement? Give reasons for your answer.
‘The Khilafat Movement failed by 1924 because of poor leadership.’ Do you agree?
Give reasons for your answer.
Nov 08
8 OR [14]
Nov 21
‘The imprisonment of its leaders was the main reason for the Khilafat Movement
ending.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer.
Nov 11
9 Describe the Hijrat Movement. [4]
Nov 20
10 Describe the Chauri-Chaura incident. [4] Nov 12
Were concerns about British policies towards Muslims the most important reason
11 [14] Nov 14
for the foundation of the Khilafat Movement? Explain your answer.
12 What was the All India Khilafat Conference? [4] Jun 15
Was the Moplah uprising in 1921 the main reason for the end of the Khilafat
13 [14] Jun 19
Movement? Explain your answer.

8. Pakistan Movement from 1927 to 1939

1 Why was the Day of Deliverance in 1939 celebrated? [7] Jun 00
Jun 00
2 Why was the Second Round Table Conference of 1931 unsuccessful? [7] Nov 09
Jun 17
‘The Round Table Conferences of the 1930s achieved very little.’ Give reasons why
you might both agree or disagree with this statement.
OR
How successful were the three Round Table Conferences of 1930-1932? Explain Nov 00
your answer. Jun 05
3 OR [14] Jun 13-C
Was anything achieved by the Roundtable Conferences of 1930 to 1932? Explain Jun 15
your answer. Nov 22
OR
To what extent did the Roundtable Conferences (1930-32) provide a solution to the
government of India? Explain your answer.
Which of the following was the most important in the development of Pakistan
Movement:
i. Jinnah’s 14 Points 1929;
ii. Government of India Act 1935; [14]
iii. Congress Rule 1937-39?
OR
Nov 01
i. the Simon Commission 1927
4 Jun 13
ii. Jinnah’s 14 Points1929 [14]
Nov 17
iii. Government of India Act 1935
OR
i. Nehru Report 1928
ii. Jinnah’s 14 Points1929 [10]
iii. Government of India Act 1935
Explain your answer with reference to all three of the above.
9
 Nov 01
Jun 08
Nov 11
5 Why were the three Round Table Conferences held between 1930 and 1932? [7]
Jun 14
Nov 19
Nov 20
Nov 02
Why was Congress Rule (1937-1939) hated? Jun 04
OR Jun 07
6 [7]
Why did the Muslims object to the Congress Rule of the Congress party between Nov 10
1937 and 1939? Jun 13
Jun 19
Jun 05
Nov 07
7 Why did Jinnah produce his 14 Points in 1929? [7] Jun 10
Jun 15
Jun 22
Was the introduction of 14 Points in 1929 the most important factor in the
8 development of Pakistan Movement between 1928 and 1935? Give reasons for your [14] Jun 06
answer.
Nov 06
Why was the Government of India Act of 1935 so important to the future of the
9 [7] Jun 11
sub-continent?
Nov 16
Nov 06
‘The main reason why Congress Rule (1937-39) was so hated was the introduction
10 [14] Jun 12
of Wardha Scheme.’ Do you agree? Explain your answer.
Nov 18
Jun 07
‘The Round Table Conference of 1930 achieved more than those of 1931 and
11 [14] Jun 10
1932.’ Do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your answer.
Jun 18
‘The main reason why Congress Rule (1937-39) was hated so much by many
Muslims was because of the introduction of Bande Matram.’ Do you agree? Explain
Jun 08
12 your answer. OR [14]
Nov 13
Was the introduction of Bande Matram the main reason why Congress Rule (1937-
39) was hated so much? Explain your answer.
Nov 08
13 Why was there so much opposition to the Government of India Act of 1935? [7] Nov 12
Jun 20
‘The 14 Points were Muhammad Ali Jinnah’s greatest achievement in the years 1929
to 1947.’ Do you agree? Explain your answer.
Jun 09
14 OR [14]
Nov 19
Were Jinnah’s 14 Points the most important development in the Pakistan
Movement between 1929 and 1940? Explain your answer.
Do you agree that the celebration of the ‘Day of Deliverance’ in 1939 was justified?
15 [14] Nov 09
Give reasons for your answer.
16 What was the Wardha Scheme? [4] Jun 10
Jun 11
17 Describe the Nehru Report. [4] Nov 14
Nov 22
18 What were the outcomes of the provincial elections of 1937? [4] Jun 14
19 What was the Simon Report? [4] Nov 15
20 According to Source A why was there opposition to the Simon Commission of 1927? [3] Nov 16
What does Source B tell us about the negotiations during the Round Table Conferences between
21 [5] Nov 16
1930 and 1932?
Nov 16
22 How successful were the provincial elections held in 1937? Explain your answer. [10]
Nov 19
23 Explain why the All India Muslim Conference rejected the Nehru Report in 1928? [7] Nov 16
24 According to Source A, what were Jinnah’s aims in his Delhi Proposals of 1927? [3] Nov 17
10
25 How does Source B help us to understand Indian concerns about the Simon Commission of 1927? [5] Nov 17
Why was Dr Allama Muhammad Iqbal asked to chair the Muslim League at
26 [7] Nov 17
Allahabad in 1930?
27 What was the Communal Award? [4] Nov 18
According to Source A, how did Jinnah want the Muslim community to act on 22 December
28 [3] Nov 19
1939?
29 What can we learn from Source B about Gandhi’s ideas on education between 1937 and 1939? [5] Nov 19
30 Explain how Jinnah transformed the Muslim League between 1937 and 1939? [7] Nov 19
31 What was Satyagraha? [4] Nov 19
32 What was the Day of Deliverance? [4] Jun 20
To what extent was the Direct Action Day more significant in the creation of
33 [14] Nov 20
Pakistan than other key events of the 1940s? Explain your answer.
34 Describe what happened at Allahabad in 1930? [4] Jun 21
35 Explain why the Simon Commission of 1927 was unpopular? [7] Nov 22
Explain why most people considered the three Roundtable Conferences to be a
36 [7] Jun 23
failure?
‘The outcomes of the 1937 elections brought more benefits for the Muslim League
37 than for the Congress Party.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain [14] Jun 23
your answer.

9. Solutions to the problems of the sub-continent from 1940 to 1947

‘During the Second World War (1939-1945), negotiations aimed at independence
achieved little’. Give reasons why you might agree and disagree with this statement. Nov 01
1 OR [14] Nov 10
How successful were negotiations aimed at independence during the Second World Jun 13
War? Explain your answer.
Jun 02
Nov 04
Why did the Cripps Mission 1942 fail?
Jun 08
OR
Jun 12
2 Why did Congress and the Muslim League oppose the Cripps Mission in 1942? [7]
Nov 15
OR
Nov 19
Explain why the Cripps Mission had limited success in 1942?
Jun 21
Jun 22
Which of the following contributed the most to the establishment of a separate
homeland for Muslims:
i. Gandhi-Jinnah Talks 1944;
3 [14] Nov 02
ii. Simla Conference 1945;
iii. Cabinet Mission Plan 1946?
Explain your answer with reference to all three of the above.
Was the Simla Conference of 1945 the most important factor during the 1940s
4 [14] Jun 03
leading to the partition of the sub-continent in 1947? Give reasons for your answer.
5 Why was the Quit India Movement started in 1942? [7] Jun 05
Were the Gandhi-Jinnah Talks the most important factor during the 1940s that led Nov 05
6 [14]
to the partition of the sub-continent in 1947? Give reasons for your answer. Jun 18
Was the Cripps Mission the most important factor during the 1940s that led to the
7 [14] Nov 08
partition of the sub-continent in 1947? Give reasons for your answer.
Jun 10
8 What was / happened on the Direct Action Day? [4]
Nov 17
Jun 11
9 Why did the Gandhi-Jinnah Talks fail / did not reach an agreement in 1944? [7]
Nov 17
‘The declaration of the Day of Deliverance in 1939 was Muhammad Ali Jinnah’s
10 greatest achievement in the years 1929 to 1947.’ Do you agree? Explain your [14] Nov 12
answer.
11 Describe the Cripps Mission. [4] Jun 13-C

11
 Nov 13
12 What was the Quit India Resolution? [4]
Nov 21
Jun 14
13 What was the Cabinet Mission Plan? [4]
Jun 19
14 According to Source A what were the problems facing India in 1940? [3] Nov 15
What does Source B suggest about the attempts to solve the problems of the Sub-continent in
15 [5] Nov 15
1945?
Was the success of the Labour Party in winning the British General Election in
16 1945 the most important reason why the Sub-continent of India was partitioned in [10] Nov 15
1947? Explain your answer.
17 What was the Radcliffe Award? [4] Jun 18
According to Source A, what examples of ‘enormous progress’ (line 1) had the Muslim League
18 [3] Jun 22
made?
What can we learn from Source B about the tensions that existed about the future of the
19 [5] Jun 22
Subcontinent?
‘Disagreement over the future role of the central government in the Subcontinent
20 was the main reason for the breakdown of the Gandhi-Jinnah Talks in 1944.’ How [10] Jun 22
far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer.

10. Contributions of Jinnah, Iqbal and Rehmat Ali

How important was Muhammad Ali Jinnah to the Pakistan Movement? Explain
1 [14] Nov 01
your answer.
Which of the following contributed the most to the Pakistan National Movement;
i. Allama Iqbal’s Address of 1930;
2 ii. Chaudhary Rahmat Ali’s Scheme of Pakistan; [14] Jun 02
iii. Muhammad Ali Jinnah’s Lahore Resolution of 1940?
Explain your answer with reference to all three of the above.
Why was Dr Allama Muhammad Iqbal an important influence on the struggle for a Jun 03
3 [7]
separate homeland for Pakistan? Nov 14
Why was Chaudhary Rehmat Ali an important influence on the struggle for a
4 [7] Nov 05
separate homeland for Pakistan?
5 Who was Dr. Allama Iqbal? [4] Nov 10
Was the work of Allama Iqbal more important to the Pakistan Movement than that
of Rehmat Ali? Explain your answer. Jun 11
6 OR [14] Nov 16
Assess the significance of the contributions of Allama Iqbal and Rahmat Ali to the Jun 20
Pakistan Movement. Explain your answer.
Jun 12
7 Who was Chaudhary Rehmat Ali? [4]
Jun 19
8 How did the name ‘Pakistan’ originate? [4] Jun 17
9 Explain why Allama Iqbal was described as the ‘Architect of Pakistan’. [7] Jun 23

12
 11. Establishment of an independent nation between 1947 and 1948
Which of the following was the most important problem to overcome following the
creation of Pakistan in 1947:
i. formation of a government;
1 [14] Jun 00
ii. division of the armed forces and military assets;
iii. the refugee crisis?
Explain your answer with reference to all three of the above.
2 Explain three reasons for the Canal Water Dispute between India and Pakistan. [7] Jun 00
Nov 00
Jun 01
3 Why was Pakistan faced with a refugee problem in 1947? [7] Nov 06
Jun 13-C
Nov 17
How successful was the government of Pakistan in solving the problems of
Partition during 1947 and 1948? Explain your answer. Jun 02
OR Jun 05
‘The government of Pakistan was totally successful in solving the problems of Jun 12
4 [14]
Partition during 1947 and 1948.’ Do you agree? Explain your answer. Nov 13
OR Jun 16
‘By 1948 Pakistan had solved the challenges created by Partition.’ How far do you Nov 21
agree with this statement? Explain your answer.
Why was the division of the armed forces and the military assets a problem for
5 [7] Nov 03
Pakistan in 1947?
Was the refugee issue the most important problem facing the newly formed
6 [14] Jun 04
government of Pakistan in 1947? Give reasons for your answer.
‘The Canal Water Dispute was the most important problem facing the newly
7 established government of Pakistan in 1947.’ Do you agree or disagree? Give [14] Jun 07
reasons for your answer.
‘The formation of a government was the most important problem facing the newly
8 established government of Pakistan in 1947.’ Do you agree? Give reasons for your [14] Nov 09
answer.
Jun 10
9 What was the Canal Water Dispute? [4]
Nov 22
10 Why did many Pakistanis migrate between 1947 and 1999? [7] Jun 12
Nov 12
11 Describe the refugee problem. [4]
Nov 18
12 What was the June 3 Plan? [4] Nov 16

12. The extent of stability in Pakistan following the death of Jinnah

Nov 02
Nov 04
Why was Martial Law declared in 1958? Nov 06
1 OR [7] Nov 09
Explain why Ayub Khan introduced Martial Law in 1958? Nov 12
Jun 16
Nov 21
Which of the following was the most important contribution of Ayub Khan’s
government during the Decade of Development between 1958 and 1969: Nov 03
i. agricultural and other economic reforms; Jun 05
2 [14]
ii. constitutional reforms; Nov 07
iii. foreign policy? Jun 12
Explain your answer with reference to all three of the above.
Jun 08
3 Explain why Ayub Khan called the years 1958 to 1969 ‘the Decade of Progress’ [7]
Jun 10
13
 Nov 11
4 What were the Basic Democracies? [4]
Jun 17
5 Why was it so difficult to agree on a new Constitution in 1950? [7] Nov 11
6 Describe the constitutional crisis of 1954 -55. [4] Jun 12
‘Constitutional reforms were the most important of Ayub Khan’s domestic policies
7 during the ‘Decade of Progress’ between 1958 and 1969.’ Do you agree? Give [14] Jun 12
reasons for your answer.
Who of the following contributed the most to Pakistan’s domestic policies between
1948 and 1958:
i. Liaquat Ali Khan;
ii. Malik Ghulam Muhammad;
Jun 13-C
iii. Iskander Mirza?
8 [14] Jun 17
OR
iv. Khwaja Nazimuddin;
v. Malik Ghulam Muhammad;
vi. Iskander Mirza?
Explain your answer with reference to all three of the above.
9 How did Ayub Khan achieve power? [4] Jun 13
Nov 13
10 Describe the 1956 Constitution. [4]
Jun 22
Nov 13
11 Why did Ayub Khan come to power in 1958? [7] Nov 20
Nov 22
Were the social reforms of Ayub Khan the most important of his domestic policies
12 [14] Jun 14
during the ‘Decade of Progress’ between 1958 and 1969? Explain your answer.
Nov 14
13 Why were there so many governments between 1951 and 1958? [7] Jun 19
Jun 21
14 Why was Islamabad chosen as the new capital of Pakistan? [7] Jun 15
15 What was the ‘One Unit’ Scheme? [4] Jun 16
16 Why was there a constitutional crisis between 1954 and 1955? [7] Nov 16
17 Explain why there was a constitutional crisis in 1958? [7] Jun 18
Were the economic reforms of Ayub Khan the most important of his domestic
18 policies during the ‘Decade of Progress’ between 1958 and 1969? Explain your [14] Jun 19
answer.
19 Who was Fatima Jinnah? [4] Jun 20
‘Ayub Khan’s agricultural policies were the most effective of the domestic reforms
20 that took place between 1958 and 1969.’ How far do you agree with this statement? [14] Jun 21
Explain your answer.
21 According to Source A what did Fatima Jinnah wish for the people of Pakistan? [3] Nov 22
What can we learn from Source B about the relations between Pakistan and the USA in the early
22 [5] Nov 22
1960s?
To what extent were the years 1958-1968 ‘A Decade of Development’? Explain
23 [10] Nov 22
your answer.

13. The making of Bangladesh

Jun 00
Explain three reasons why Bangladesh was created in 1971.
Jun 03
1 OR [7]
Nov 08
Why did East Pakistan wish to break away from Pakistan?
Jun 13-C
2 Why did Mujib ur Rahman and the Awami League demand the Six Points? [7] Jun 01
‘Economic factors were more important than political considerations in the creation Jun 04
3 [14]
of Bangladesh in 1971’. Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer. Jun 09
‘The Six Points made by Mujib ur Rahman and the Awami League was the most
4 important factor in the creation of Bangladesh in 1971.’ Do you agree? Give [14] Jun 06
reasons for your answer.
14
 ‘The geographical position of East Pakistan was the most important reason for the
5 creation of Bangladesh in 1971.’ Do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your [14] Nov 07
answer.
‘Political factors were more important than any other factor in the creation of
6 [14] Jun 11
Bangladesh in 1971.’ Do you agree or disagree? Explain your answer.
7 Who was Sheikh Mujib-ur-Rahman? [4] Jun 13
Were political concerns more important than economic ones in creation of
8 [14] Jun 14
Bangladesh in 1971? Explain your answer.
9 What was Operation Searchlight? [4] Nov 15
10 According to Source A what problems were caused by Cyclone Bhola in 1970? [3] Jun 16
What does Source B tell us about the outcome of the conflict between East Pakistan and West
11 [5] Jun 16
Pakistan?
Why did the victory of the Awami League in the 1970 elections in Pakistan cause a
12 [7] Jun 16
constitutional crisis?
To what extent did Pakistan achieve a new constitution between 1949 and 1973?
13 [14] Nov 19
Explain your answer.

14. Pakistan in twenty years following the Decade of Progress

How successful was Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto as Prime Minister of Pakistan? Explain
1 [14] Jun 00
your answer.
Nov 00
2 Give three reasons why Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto was executed in 1979? [7] Nov 07
Jun 14
Was the promotion of Islamic values / Islamic reforms the most important
achievement of General Zia ul Haq between 1977 and 1988? Explain your answer. Nov 00
OR Jun 10
3 [14]
To what extent was the Islamization programme the most significant policy Nov 14
introduced by the government of Zia ul Haq between 1977 and 1988? Explain your Nov 21
answer.
Which of the following contributed the most to Pakistan’s domestic policies;
i. Liaquat Ali Khan
4 ii. Ayub Khan [14] Jun 01
iii. Zia ul Haq
Explain your answer with reference to all three of the above.
How successful have governments been in the Islamization of Pakistan between Jun 02
5 [14]
1947 and 1988? Explain your answer. Nov 09
In which of the following did Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto have most success?
i. reform and control of the armed forces
Nov 02
6 ii. constitutional reform [14]
Nov 18
iii. education and health reforms
Explain your answer with reference to all three of the above.
In which of the following did Zia ul Haq have most success between 1977 and
1988:
i. Islamization; Jun 03
7 [14]
ii. economic affairs; Nov 05
iii. political affairs?
Explain your answer with reference to all three of the above.
Why did Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto fall from power in 1979?
Jun 03
8 OR [7]
Jun 17
Explain why Zulfikar Ali Bhutto’s rule ended in 1977?
‘Constitutional reforms were the most important of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto’s domestic Jun 04
9 [14]
policies between 1971 and 1977.’ Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer. Nov 11
10 Describe Zulfikar Ali Bhutto’s health reforms of 1972. [4] Jun 16
11 Why did Zia ul Haq find it difficult to rule Pakistan during the late 1980s? [7] Jun 16
Why did Pakistan face so many problems in the provision of education between Nov 04
12 [7]
1947 and 1988 / 1999? Jun 13
15
 Jun 06
Why did Zia ul Haq introduce his Islamic reforms between 1977 and 1988?
Jun 08
13 OR [7]
Jun 11
Why did Zia ul Haq introduce a series of Islamic laws between 1979 and 1988?
Jun 23
‘Social reforms were the most important of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto’s domestic policies
14 [14] Jun 06
between 1971 and 1977.’ Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer.
‘Zia ul Haq’s foreign policy was more successful than his domestic reforms.’ Do
15 [14] Jun 07
you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your answer.
Why did education reform become such an important issue between 1947 and Nov 07
16 [7]
1988/1999? Nov 18
‘The low rate of literacy was the most important social problem facing Pakistan
17 [14] Jun 08
between 1947 and 1988.’ Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer.
‘Education reforms were the most important of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto’s domestic
18 [14] Nov 08
policies between 1971 and 1977.’ Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer.
19 Why did Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto come to power in 1971? [7] Nov 09
What was the Simla Agreement? Nov 10
20 OR [4] Jun 13-C
Describe the terms of the Simla Agreement. Jun 21
21 Describe Bhutto’s downfall from power. [4] Nov 12
‘Economic reforms were the most important of Zia-ul-Haq’s domestic policies
22 [14] Nov 12
between 1977 and 1988.’ Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer.
What difficulties did Zia-ul-Haq find in ruling Pakistan during the late 1980s?
OR Jun 13
23 [7]
Explain why it became more challenging for Zia ul Haq to govern Pakistan Nov 20
effectively during the late 1980s?
24 What were the Hudood Ordinances? [4] Nov 13
Nov 14
25 Describe the terms of 1973 constitution. [4]
Jun 23
26 What was the Afghan Miracle? [4] Jun 15
How successful were Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto’s domestic policies between 1971 and
1977? Explain your answer.
Jun 15
27 OR [14]
Jun 22
Assess the effectiveness of the domestic policies introduced by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
between 1971 and 1977? Explain your answer.
How successful was Pakistan in establishing a new constitution between 1947 and
28 [14] Nov 15
1973? Explain your answer.
29 Explain why Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto’s rule ended in 1977? [7] Jun 17
According to Source A, what were the effects of the High Court judgement regarding Zulfiqar Ali
30 [3] Jun 18
Bhutto on the people of Pakistan?
31 How does Source B help us to understand the way Zia-ul-Haq governed Pakistan? [5] Jun 18
32 Why did Zia-ul-Haq introduce his Islamisation reforms? [7] Jun 18
How successful was Zia-ul-Haq’s foreign policy between 1978 and 1988? Explain
33 [10] Jun 18
your answer.
34 What was the Eighth Amendment? [4] Nov 18
35 Describe the Zakat Ordinance. [4] Jun 19
36 Describe the Security of Tenure scheme. [4] Nov 20
37 Describe the main events of Muhammad Khan Junejo’s political career. [4] Jun 21
38 Describe the Cricket Diplomacy of 1987. [4] Nov 21
39 Explain why Zulfikar Ali Bhutto reformed education between 1971 and 1977? [7] Nov 21

16
 15. Pakistan’s government in the final decade of the 20th century
Jun 10
1 What was the Pucca Qila massacre? [4]
Nov 17
Nov 10
2 Why did Benazir Bhutto fall from office in 1990? [7]
Nov 22
3 What problems did Nawaz Sharif face as Prime Minister during the 1990s? [4] Jun 11
Why did General Musharraf come to power in 1999?
Nov 11
OR
4 [7] Jun 15
Explain the circumstances that brought General Pervez Musharraf into power in
Jun 22
1999?
5 What problems did Benazir Bhutto face as Prime Minister of Pakistan? [4] Jun 12
Nov 12
6 Why did Benazir Bhutto fall from office for a second time in 1996? [7] Nov 15
Jun 20
Describe General Pervez Musharraf’s coup.
Jun 13-C
7 OR [4]
Nov 16
Describe General Pervez Musharraf’s rise to power in 1999.
How successful was Benazir Bhutto as Prime Minister of Pakistan in the years
8 [14] Jun 13
1988-90 and 1993-96?
9 Why did Nawaz Sharif fall from office in 1993? [4] Nov 13
10 What was the Cooperative Societies Scandal? [4] Jun 14
Describe the problems caused by family feuds that faced the Benazir Bhutto
11 [4] Nov 14
governments.
Was the Co-operative Societies scandal the most important reason why Nawaz Jun 16
12 [14]
Sharif fell from office in 1993? Explain your answer. Jun 23
Were the challenges facing Benazir Bhutto in Sindh the main reason why she left
13 [14] Jun 18
office in 1990? Explain your answer.
Was the collapse of Bank and Credit Commerce International (BCCI) the main
14 [14] Jun 20
reason for the government ending in 1993? Explain your answer.
To what extent did Benazir Bhutto’s privatisation policy contribute to the
15 [14] Nov 20
government being replaced in 1996? Explain your answer.

16. Pakistan’s role in world affairs since 1947

Jun 00
Nov 04
How successful has Pakistan been in its relationship with Afghanistan between
1 [14] Jun 10
1947 and 1988 / 1999? Explain your answer.
Nov 14
Jun 17
Nov 00
How successfully did India and Pakistan handle the Kashmir issue up to 1988 / Nov 04
2 [14]
between 1947 and 1999? Explain your answer. Nov 06
Nov 11
Jun 01
How successful was Pakistan in its relationship with India between 1947 and 1988 /
3 [14] Nov 08
1999?
Nov 13
Nov 01
Nov 05
Nov 08
4 Why has Pakistan supported the Palestine cause (between 1947 and 1999)? [7]
Nov 15
Jun 18
Jun 23

17
 Nov 01
Nov 06
How successful was Pakistan’s relationship with the USSR between 1947 and 1988/
5 [14] Nov 12
1999?
Nov 17
Nov 22
Jun 01
6 Why was Pakistan unsuccessful in the 1965 and 1971 wars against India? [7] Jun 06
Jun 12
Nov 02
Jun 07
7 Why did Pakistan join the United Nations in 1947? [7]
Jun 10
Jun 14
How successful was Pakistan in its relationship with the USA between 1947 and
Nov 02
1988/ 1999? Explain your answer.
Jun 08
8 OR [14]
Jun 15
‘Pakistan has had good relations with the United States since 1947.’ How far do you
Jun 21
agree with this statement? Explain your answer.
Jun 03
How successful / effective has Pakistan been as a member of world organizations Jun 13
9 [14]
between 1947 and 1988 / 1999? Explain your answer. Nov 17
Nov 21
Why was Pakistan’s relationship with India so poor between 1971 and 1988? OR Nov 03
10 [7]
Why did Pakistan distrust India so much between 1971 and 1988? Jun 07
How successful was Pakistan in its relationship with Great Britain and the
Nov 03
Commonwealth between 1947 and 1988 / 1999? Explain your answer.
Jun 13-C
11 OR [14]
Nov 16
‘Pakistan has had good relations with the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth
Nov 20
since 1947.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer.
12 Why did Pakistan leave SEATO in 1972? [7] Jun 04
Why was membership of the United Nations important for Pakistan between 1947 Jun 05
13 [7]
and 1988? Nov 19
Nov 10
14 How successful was Pakistan in its relationship with China between 1947 and 1999? [14]
Nov 18
Describe Pakistan’s involvement in the U2 crisis.
Nov 11
15 OR [4]
Jun 23
Describe the U-2 incident
16 What was the Kargil Conflict? [4] Jun 14
17 Why did Pakistan distrust India so much between 1971 and 1988? [7] Nov 14
18 What has been the importance of Siachen Glacier to both India and Pakistan? [4] Jun 15
Nov 15
19 What is the Karakoram Highway? [4]
Nov 19
How successful have relations between Pakistan and Bangladesh been from 1971 to
1999? Explain your answer. [10]
20 OR [14] Jun 16
‘Pakistan has built good relations with Bangladesh since 1971.’ How far do you
agree with this statement? Explain your answer.
21 What was SEATO? [4] Jun 17
Why did being a nuclear power create difficulties for Pakistan in the 1980s and
22 [7] Jun 17
1990s?
23 What was CENTO? [4] Jun 18
24 Describe the OIC. [4] Nov 20
25 Explain why Pakistan becoming a nuclear power was significant? [7] Jun 22
To what extent was the referral of the Kashmir issue to the United Nations
26 [14] Jun 23
important for the new state of Pakistan? Explain your answer.

18