Grade 9 • Unit 3

Neoclassical and Romantic Arts

Arts
MAPEH
Lesson 1

Neoclassical Art
Movement

Arts
MAPEH

2
 Recharge

Paintings from the Renaissance and Baroque Periods

The Creation of Adam by Michelangelo

(Renaissance)

Crucifixion of St. Peter by Caravaggio

(Baroque) 3
 Recharge

Activity Processing
1. Which painting did you find more
interesting, and why?
2. What have you observed about
the different techniques and
styles used in the Renaissance
and baroque periods?
3. How do these art pieces reflect
the cultural and historical context
of Western countries at the time? The Lacemaker by Johannes
Vermeer

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Enlighten

At the beginning of the 1760s,

neoclassical art was a
widespread and influential
movement in the visual arts.

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Claude Lorrain
● He was a French Baroque artist.
● He painted A Landscape with
Apollo Guarding the Herds of
Admetus and Mercury Stealing
Them (1645).
● His subjects were mainly from
mythological or Biblical scenes.
● His works showed an orderly
harmony that fascinated the
neoclassical artists as they
believed art should express
ideal morals.

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Nicolas Poussin

● His works reflected

mythological and historical
scenes that influenced
neoclassicism.
● His compositions
emphasized clarity and logic,
and figurative treatments
favored strong lines.
● His famous painting was The
Death of Germanicus (1627).

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Johann Joachim
Winckelmann
● He was a German art
historian and archeologist.
● His book, Thoughts on the
Imitation of Greek Works in
Painting and Sculpture (1750),
helped develop the
aesthetic and neoclassicism
theory.
● He said art should advance
toward “noble simplicity and
calm grandeur.”
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Anton Raphael Mengs

● He was a German portraitist

and historical painter.
● He was hailed as “the
greatest painter” of his time.
● He influenced some notable
artists, such as Benjamin
West, Angelica Kauffman,
John Flaxman, Jacques-Louis
David, and Gavin Hamilton.

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Jean-Antoine Houdon

● He was a French bust sculptor.

● He was known for his works of
contemporary political and
cultural figures of the French
Enlightenment, such as
Napoleon Bonaparte, Voltaire,
and even George Washington.
● He often sculpted from life or
by creating molds using models’
faces.

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Antonio Canova
● He was an Italian artist who was
one of the leading neoclassical
sculptors.
● He was famous for his marble
sculptures that rendered nude
flesh.
● He was hailed as “the supreme
minister of beauty” and “a
unique and truly divine man” by
his peers.
● His famous work was Apollo
Crowning Himself (1781).

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Reexplore

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Lesson 2

Neoclassical Painting

Music
MAPEH

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Enlighten

Painters such as Jean-Auguste-

Dominique Ingres, Benjamin
West, and Elisabeth Vigee Le
Brun rose to fame for their
neoclassical artworks.

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Subject Matter of Neoclassical Painting

● based on the history and mythology of ancient Greece and Rome

● the poetry of Homer, Virgil, and Ovid
● plays by Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides
● historical accounts of Pliny, Plutarch, Tacitus, and Livy became sources
for the paintings
● the Iliad and Odyssey
● events from medieval history and works of Dante

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Neoclassical Painters

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Joseph-Marie Vien

● His prominent works were

sentimental genre or allegorical
pictures with pseudo-antique
trappings
● He became the director of the French
Academy in Rome, was the first
painter to the king, survived the
French Revolution, and was even
promoted by Napoleon in 1808.

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Pompeo Girolamo Batoni

● He was an Italian painter of

historical subjects.
● He combined elements of rococo,
Bolognese classicism, and emergent
neoclassicism to create ceremonial
portraits of important people.

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Angelica Kauffman

● She was a Swiss painter best known

for her decorative wall paintings for
house interiors designed by Robert
Adam.

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Gavin Hamilton

● Homeric incidents were the central

theme of his two-series paintings.
● He tried to achieve a calm character
in his paintings, which is a distinct
characteristic of Greek art.

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Elisabeth Vigee Le Brun

● Her paintings were of loose brushwork with

fresh and bright colors.
● Her subjects were depicted in a flattering
manner, wearing stylish clothing in a graceful
pose.

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Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres

● He was one of the most talented

students in the studio of Jacques-
Louis David.
● His works depicted the classical
style, but he distorted the figures to
achieve more beautiful forms and
harmonious lines.

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La Grande
Odalisque (1814)

This famous painting of Ingres

depicts a reclining woman on a
divan, slightly showing her
nude body, with her face
turned toward the viewer.

The painting of the woman

represents the “feminine ideal”

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Benjamin West

● His subjects were from

Renaissance literature and
several classical subjects.
● One of his significant
historical paintings was The
Death of General Wolfe (1770)

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Antoine-Jean Gros

● He then became a portraitist and

historical painter under Bonaparte
and his entourage.
● His work Bonaparte in the Pont d’
Arcole (1796) was his first
masterpiece, quickly earning him
fame.

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Francisco de Goya

● His works reflected late baroque and

rococo styles in his early works.
● He was able to combine classicism
and realism in his works. His style is
known for its expressive lines, color,
and brushwork incorporated with
revolutionist opinions.

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 Enlighten

Instructions
1. Create a digital canvas using free editing software.
2. Choose a neoclassical painter to research on.
3. Find out more about your chosen artist’s life, style, and works.
4. Using the digital canvas, create a collage that brings together the artist’s
masterpieces.
5. Write a two- to three-sentence description that explains your work.
6. Upload the finished output to the class’ designated folder and rename
your file: [Surname, Name_Name of the painter].

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 Recharge
Enlighten

Activity Processing
1. Who did you choose to be the
subject of your collage, and why?
2. How does your collage reflect the
life and style of your chosen
neoclassical artist?
3. How did you use composition and
balance to reflect the neoclassical
style?
4. Which of your classmates’ works did
Napoleon on His Imperial Throne by
you find most interesting, and why? Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres

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Reexplore

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