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Writing a thesis on any topic can be a daunting task, but when it comes to a complex and constantly

evolving subject like asthma, the difficulty level increases significantly. Asthma is a chronic
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findings are being published regularly. As a result, it can be challenging to keep up with all the
information and ensure that your thesis is up-to-date and relevant.

Another difficulty in writing a thesis on asthma is the technical and scientific terminology used in
the research. Asthma is a complex disease that involves various biological, environmental, and genetic
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The visceral pleura covers the external surface of the lungs and is attached with connective tissue,
and the parietal pleura covers the thoracic wall and superior face of the diaphragm.
Pathophysiological factors to be included in consideration of asthma include bronchiolar
inflammation with airway constriction and resistance. There is a number of emergency hospital
admission and death due to this disease (SIGN and BTS 2009). It was really easy to contact her and
respond very fast as well. ”. Emergency Department and Hospital Management: Goals. Report Back
from San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (SABCS) 2023: Spotlight. Another definition of
asthma could be that it is an episodic disease clinically manifested by dyspnoea, wheezing and
cough. They also researched the genetic variations connected to asthma in European and Asian
populations to the ones of African American children. “We also assessed the generalizability of
genetic variants associated with asthma in European and Asian populations to African American
children. While there are no contraindications, there are interactions with certain drugs. Inhaled
corticosteroids are by far the most successful controllers and have revolutionized asthma treatment.
Fiberoptic bronchoscopy is the appropriate test for diagnosis and treatment of foreign body in the
airway. The inhaler is usually utilized with a holding chamber called a spacer. The disease is more
prevalent in young children than adults. Common symptoms are wheezing, breathlessness, tightness
in the chest, and cough. Airway remodeling is so called because of structural changes occurring due
chronic inflammation and can affect the reversibility of airway obstruction. FORACORT autohaler
Budesonide 400mcg, formoterol CIPLA 300 md 985. Thorax, 63 (Suppl VI). Patient.co.uk. (n.d.).
Management of Adult Asthma. Staying with asthma have need of the implementation of a variety of
responsibilities as well as keeping an eye on signs, supervising medicine, looking for medical help and
working mutually with health care personnel. Melbourne: National Asthma Council Australia, 2017.
Other investigations which may be useful include tests of lung volumes, peak expiratory flow
variability, gas transfer, airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (SIGN, 2009). It will
discuss all the aspects of the important pathologies of the respiratory system. That being said, the
time frame established was 3 hours. The test is performed by requesting the patient to breathe deeply
and exhale forcefully into a spirometer. This is 100% legal. You may not submit downloaded papers
as your own, that is cheating. Also you. MEDLINE Complete is a full text data base that contains
articles from over 5,000 medical journals for a wide range of subjects and is an essential resource for
any medical professional. Asthma also has an intense effect on the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles.
The purpose of this paper is to compare the two delivery methods for use with pediatric patients and
determine if one option offers better results than the other. Diagnosis Family history of the disease
condition, physical examination showing asthma symptoms or allergies such as running nose or
eczema. Asthma influences the overall health status of individuals. By continuing we’ll assume
you’re on board with our.
Seminario biologia molecular-Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana. Robert should be maintained at the
lowest possible dose of inhaled steroid and tapering down of inhaled steroid dose should be slow.
She was put on some inhalers which she did not continue for long. Things that trigger asthma could
include cold weather, dust, chemicals and smoke. Without breathing and the age exchange process,
the body would go into anoxia, the lack of oxygen, and within four minutes brain cells begin dying.
This cAMP reduces intracellular calcium and enables bronchodilatation. Conclusion The present
article is an attempt to highlight the basic information required in understanding and managing
asthma and other allergic conditions. That is, Hahnemann had stated that the treatment for the
diseases can be carried out not by opposing the disease 's action, but by correcting the vital force and
blocking the miasm. SOC 313 DQ Support Program Hunt Find one innovative and,or experimental
client education or support program (Ash). Also, the development of disease process is instigated by
inflammation. Some of the precipitating or aggravating factors include viral infections, intense
emotions, environmental irritants, exercise, pets or carpets at home, drugs like aspirin, additive
foods, weather changes, stress and certain diseases like gastrointestinal reflux, sinusitis and rhinitis
(Morris, 2014; Hamilos, 1995). Med Clin North Am, 90 (1), 61-76. Tracy. (n.d). Medication
Adminisration: The 6 R's. There are no specific tests to arrive at a diagnosis of asthma.
Pathophysiology of asthma) It is vital to understand and research the role of inflammatory cells and
mediators in order to device optimal drug therapy aimed at reducing airway inflammation, broncho-
spasm, structural changes in smooth muscles and mucosal hyper-secretion. 5.3. Pathogenesis: Asthma
originates as a result of structural and functional airways variations triggered by environmental
factors. Asthma is a common respiratory condition that affects people of all ages and sexes
irrespective of region and race. Commit to provide samples of xxxxx product per year through its
sales representatives to. The triggers are classified as allergic and nonallergic irritant factors. Other
drugs like leukotriene receptor antagonists, theophyllines, slow-release beta-2 agonists may also be
used (SIGN, 2009). Genetic factors enhance the incidence of asthma of asthma in progeny. In
Australia, 0.30% of the mortality is attributed to asthma alone. There are multiple health disparities
that go into and trigger the chronic disease which are mostly found in low-income African American
children families and households. If proper attention is not given then it might enhance the incidence
of asthma in the affected individual. Understanding the reasons for allergic condition, its genetic and
environmental basis will enable people to take necessary actions and well-timed suitable preventive
measures to avoid asthma and other allergic conditions. Clinical features which favor the diagnosis
of asthma are presence of more than one of these symptoms: breathlessness, wheezing, cough and
chest tightness, especially if the symptoms are worse in early mornings or nights, if the symptoms
are exacerbated in response to exposure to allergens, cold air or following exercise, and if symptoms
occur after taking medications like beta blockers or aspirin (SIGN, 2009). Guides for asthma
management and prevention for children 5 and younger(be a g. Spirometry can be done on patients
who are eligible for lung function testing and are above the age of six years. The author of the paper
examines asthma which has been defined to be a disease of the airways resulting from chronic
inflammations of various aetiologies. Asthma stops people from being as active as they want to.
Chronic inflammation with remodelling of the bronchial tree leads to airway obstruction. Non-
Invasive Markers of Airway Inflammation: The measurement of sputum eosinophilia or other
inflammatory markers provides a useful way for the diagnosis of asthma.
Mediators include chemokines, cytokines, cysteinyl-leukotrienes, nitric oxide, IgE antibodies etc.
(Porth, 2010). Asthma pathophysiology can be understood by the flow chart (Figure 1. Rowe, B.H.,
Edmonds, M.L., Spooner, C.H., Diner, B., Camargo, C.A. Jr. (2004) Corticosteroid therapy for acute
asthma. Pharmacological management for such patients includes bronchodilator therapy,
oxygenation, and continuous supply of beta-2 agonist with nebulizer or inhaler. Erythrocytes collect
oxygen from the lungs when inhaling and carry it to the necessary parts of the body. According to
the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (“Lung Diseases”) it is a disease where narrow airways
become inflamed and later manifests with recurring periods of wheezing. Treatment depends on the
staging of asthma which again depends on the frequency and severity of symptoms. The main drugs
for treatment are bronchodilators and steroids. IgE binds to cells related to inflammation and causes
inflammatory mediator release such as nitric oxide, histamine triggering airway inflammation and
bronchoconstriction. These include recurrent non-specific cough in association with upper respiratory
tract infection, chronic suppurative lung disease (chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis), exercise
induced respiratory dyspnea and laryngeal dysfunction (NAC, 2006). According to Brenner (2007),
it is one of the most common chronic childhood disease affecting about 5-6 million children annually.
Airway obstruction results in reduced airflow in and out of the respiratory system. The involuntary
contraction and relaxation of these smooth muscles regulates the bronchi airway diameter. With the
present treatment regimes, asthma has a good prognosis, but prevention can significantly reduce the
incidence and mortality rate associated with this disease. Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines
Network. (SIGN). (2009) British Guideline on the Management of Asthma. The inhaler is usually
utilized with a holding chamber called a spacer. PEF or FEV1 Measurement of severity and guide
for treatment. BUDAMATE inhaler Budesonide 100mcg, formoterol LUPIN 200 md 190.
Bronchiolar inflammation may be present even when the symptoms of an asthma attack are dormant.
Lung function measurements such as FEV1 and FVC indicate the respiratory reserve, reversibility of
the pulmonary pathology, and an estimate of exercise tolerance (Enright, 2003). However, with good
treatment and management there is no. Novel coronavirus (COVID-2019) What we need to know. In
mild persistent asthma, the symptoms occurs usually between 3-6 times a week. A reasonable
explanation regarding the association of disease and age is related to the implication of free radical
reactions taking place in the pathogenesis of several disorders. Controllers are the drugs that are
aimed to treat the underlying inflammation. Structural changes in smooth muscles such as
hyperplasia and hypertrophy may accompany as the inflammatory process becomes chronic. 3.
Airway hyper-responsiveness contributes limited airflow due to broncho-constriction. a.
Inflammation of airways: Basically, asthma is the chronic inflammation of airways in which
epithelial lining and many cells play a vital role specifically mast cells, eosinophils, lymphocytes,
macrophages, neutrophils etc. Some special considerations must be kept in mind by the emergency
medical staff during treatment of acute asthma. In acute asthma exacerbation one or more of the
following features can be observed. Dust and smoke Pollen from plants Chalk dust in school.
Asthma is a disorder that will turn out to be a life-threatening condition if it is not treated and
controlled appropriately. Most of the patients develop symptoms in early childhood. 80-90 percent of
them experience symptoms before 6 years of age (Morris, 2014). In the first case, the most
mentioned asthma management strategies will be revealed.
Based on the history of frequency and the severity of acute exacerbation, asthma is classified into
four types. Maria was immediately started on nebulisation with levo-salbutamol. Some
environmental factors which the individual may be exposed in the domestic or occupational
environments may also trigger asthma. Robert became asthmatic since the age of 7 and had been well
managed without any asthma attack for several years now. This research study informed the people
of St.Louis about the negative effects of asthma, morbidity rates, and how asthma can be prevented.
The history of medications, inhalation therapies, and conditions that help precipitate asthma attack is
also important components of the asthma prescription. Retrieved Oct 10, 2013, from Patient.co.uk:
Patient.co.uk. (n.d.). Management of Adult Asthma. Finally, oxygen reaches the lungs and then the
alveoli. According to National Asthma Education and Prevention Program of the National Institutes
of Health, prevalence percentage of asthma increased approximately 75 percent, further, more than 7
percent children are the victims of asthma. Recent guidelines have strongly emphasised the
inflammatory nature of the disease (Lougheed et al. Give me your paper requirements and I connect
you to an academic expert. Decrease impairment through prevention of chronic symptom. It is
evident that the combination of inhaled corticosteroids and long acting beta2 agonist provides
superior outcomes as they display synergistic anti-inflammatory effect in contrast to the
corticosteroid alone. With the external triggering agent, the inflammatory cells accumulated in the
mucosal epithelium which release inflammatory mediators leading to amplification of the basic
inflammatory process, which culminates into an intense and immediate inflammatory reaction
leading to constriction of airways, vascular congestion, oedema, increased mucus production, and
inability expectorate due to impaired mucociliary transport. In response to environmental factors,
these cells collaborate and induce airway hyper-responsiveness and later typical asthma symptoms
(Umetsu and DeKruyff, 2010). 6. Diagnosis: Diagnosis of asthma is based upon patient history,
physical examination and diagnostic tests. 1. History: Patient history is vital in diagnosis of asthma.
If you want a unique paper, order it from our professional writers. Peninsula Community Health.
DrugBank. (n.d.). Prednisone. Retrieved Oct 10, 2013, from Drug Bank.: Drugs.com. (2013).
Ipratropium Bromide. Report Back from San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (SABCS) 2023:
Spotlight. Is it appropriate to discount the long term effects of persistent symptoms and poorer
FEV1 results on this adolescent group’s long term lung health. However, in patients with low
probability of asthma, treatment must be initiated only after investigation and ruling out of
alternative diagnosis. There are multiple health disparities that go into and trigger the chronic disease
which are mostly found in low-income African American children families and households.
Structural changes in the epithelium and other parts of the airway are often seen in patients with
asthma. Wheezing worsens with heartburn, exposure to cold air, or during strenuous aerobic activity.
(Clark 2011, p.17). Patient Presentations: Due to the presence of an extensive differential diagnosis,
complete physical examination of a patient with wheezing and coughing in the emergency room is
essential. Acute asthma is recognized by wide variation in PEF, raised respiratory rate, increased
heart rate, inability to complete full sentences in one breath, fall in PEF to less than 50% of best
predicted and extreme fatiguibility. Acute asthma exacerbation occurs due to increased work of
breathing caused by expiration which becomes as an active process with impaired lung emptying
while inspiration is normal initially. Optimization of pharmacological treatment. 5. Development and
improvisation of written asthma action plan 6. This step is considered in patients with exacerbations
of asthma in the last 2 years, in those who have used inhaled beta-2 agonists for control of symptoms
for a minimum of 3 times a week, in those who have has symptoms of asthma for atleast 3 times a
week and those who have awakened in nights for atleast once in a week. Environmental Health
Perspectives.114(4), pp. 634-640. 2006. These events are followed by a chronic inflammatory stage
giving the disease a characteristic acute, chronic, and acute-on-chronic picture (Nici et al, 2006).
Successful management of the disease will greatly reduce or even eliminate the possibilities of the
disease being the cause of your death or health degradation in the near future.

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