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Writing Your Literature Review

Crafting a literature review is undoubtedly one of the most challenging tasks for students and
researchers alike. It requires comprehensive research, critical analysis, and adept writing skills to
synthesize existing literature into a coherent and meaningful narrative. The process can be
overwhelming, often leaving individuals feeling lost and uncertain about where to begin.

The complexity of writing a literature review stems from the need to navigate through a vast array of
scholarly articles, books, and other sources to identify relevant literature. Once identified,
synthesizing this information into a cohesive argument requires careful attention to detail and the
ability to critically evaluate each source's contribution to the topic at hand.

Furthermore, organizing the literature in a logical manner while ensuring that it aligns with the
research objectives can be a daunting task. This requires not only a deep understanding of the subject
matter but also the ability to articulate complex ideas clearly and concisely.

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Step 1: Find the relevant literature Naturally, the first step in the literature review journey is to hunt
down the existing research that’s relevant to your topic. This allows readers to understand all
subsequent research within this context, thus giving it greater impact. 7. Literature Review Helps To
Identify Problems One of the main benefits of the literature review is that it helps researchers to
identify problems, issues, or controversies in the existing body of knowledge on their topic. For
instance, first you would talk about the British biological studies of the 18th century, then about
Moby Dick, published in 1851, then the book on sperm whales in other art (1968), and finally the
biology articles (1980s) and the recent articles on American whaling of the 19th century. Systematic
Approaches to a Successful Literature Review. When you write a literature review, you’re helping to
publicize the names of the people working hard to further the public understanding of scientific
topics. Take notes that you can later incorporate into the text of your literature review. Depending on
your area of study, recent may mean the last year or two, or a fair deal longer. Writing literature
reviews is a particularly important skill if you want to apply for graduate school or pursue a career in
research. Let's say you want to prove the link between those two, but there are so many interesting
pieces of information about dieting too. The literature represents background and research
developments related to a specific research question, interpreted and analyzed by you in a
synthesized way. Some reviews declare that they have scanned the literature up to a certain point in
time, but given that peer review can be a rather lengthy process, a full search for newly appeared
literature at the revision stage may be worthwhile. This implies that literature reviewers would do
well to keep an eye on electronic lists of papers in press, given that it can take months before these
appear in scientific databases. As a piece of writing, the literature review must be defined by a
guiding concept (e.g., your research objective, the problem or issue you are discussing, or your
argumentative thesis). This video is published under a Creative Commons 3.0 BY-NC-SA US
license. Lit reviews can also be standalone pieces, either as assignments in a class or as publications.
Both are critical parts of a research project, but while an abstract summarizes your work, a literature
review summarizes the research you conducted to complete your work. As you’re working through
your treasure chest, it’s essential that you simultaneously start organising the information. What are
the strengths and weaknesses of the research. Don’t be afraid to do more research if you discover a
new thread as you’re writing. Literature reviews can be presented in multiple ways: a section of an
article, the whole research paper itself, or a chapter of your thesis. In the first step, make sure you
know specifically what the assignment is and what form your literature review should take. Federal
government websites often end in.gov or.mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re
on a federal government site. What are the requirements of a set of key performance indicators
(KPIs) that meet. This can be especially helpful for students who are working to balance a full course
load and struggling to complete all the reading required for their classes. How to Write a Literature
Review: Six Steps to Get You from. These gaps then form the foundation for your proposed study.
He suggests that the physical environment in the more public spaces of the building did not have
much impact on their perceptions. This way, by the time you have read the literature you selected,
you will already have a rough draft of the review. Systematic review This form consists of an
overview of existing evidence pertinent to a clearly formulated research question, which uses pre-
specified and standardized methods to identify and critically appraise relevant research and collect,
report, and analyze data from the studies included in the review. However, for the vast majority of
your literature review, you need to put things into your own words.
In other words, your study will attempt to contribute a missing puzzle piece (or get two pieces to fit
together). This article has been adapted into lecture slides that you can use to teach your students
about writing a literature review. You can use our template to summarize and evaluate sources you’re
thinking about using. State-of-the-Art Review The State-of-the-Art review is conducted periodically,
focusing on the most recent research. Pivotal publications: are there any influential theories or
studies that changed the direction of the field. So make sure you start reading every book and article
you need with a considerable advance. I was initially skeptical and doubtful that the work could be
done as requested. It is a formal piece of writing where you analyze the existing theoretical
framework, principles, and assumptions and use that as a base to shape your approach to the research
question. Try to analyze the patterns, turning points, and key debates that have shaped the direction
of the field. This is the situation when you are asked to investigate the existing state of research on
your issue and then analyze and synthesize your results. This is just a general guide to help you write
a literature review. A literature review in this sense is just like any other academic research paper. In
many cases, the topic (e.g., web services in computational biology) will automatically define an
audience (e.g., computational biologists), but that same topic may also be of interest to neighbouring
fields (e.g., computer science, biology, etc.). Rule 2: Search and Re-search the Literature After
having chosen your topic and audience, start by checking the literature and downloading relevant
papers. However, sometimes you may need to add additional sections that are necessary for your
study, but do not fit in the organizational strategy of the body. These are useful, particularly for
current information. Rule 1: Define a Topic and Audience How to choose which topic to review.
Based on your reading and notes, you can look for: Trends and patterns (in theory, method or
results): do certain approaches become more or less popular over time. Just tell experts about this and
add a few samples of your previous writing pieces. Allow yourself as many changes as you need to
adjust your ideas and material in order to better comprehend the context of your research challenge.
A research paper assigned in a course A thesis or dissertation A grant proposal An article intended for
publication in a journal All these instances require you to collect what has been written about your
research topic so that you can demonstrate how your own research sheds new light on the topic.
Second are the reviews of those studies that summarize and offer new interpretations built from and
often extending beyond the primary studies. The first step of any research project is to review the
field. Table 2 lists the most common problems that we have encountered as authors, reviewers, and
editors. Within power relations however, (such as between a target setter and the worker. What are
the strengths and weaknesses of the research. If you are working with a large amount of sources,
then it will be long. Thematic: If you have found some recurring central themes that you will
continue working with throughout your piece, you can organize your literature review into
subsections that address different aspects of the topic. That is because the survey nature of the
literature review does not allow for in-depth discussion or detailed quotes from the text. But then
again, neither is writing your thesis, dissertation, or even a lengthy, comprehensive research paper.
But it’s no challenge if you delegate it to a qualified annotated bibliography writer.
Methodological A methodological approach focuses on the methods utilized by the researcher.
They’ll be glad to develop new custom literature review examples for your personally. Some useful
databases to search for journals and articles include: Your university’s library catalogue Google
Scholar Project Muse (humanities and social sciences) Medline (life sciences and biomedicine)
EconLit (economics) Inspec (physics, engineering and computer science) You can also use boolean
operators to help narrow down your search. Understanding the use of balanced scorecard in the
context of state owned ent. Or the review might focus on the economic impact of whaling on a
community. Personal Research: Conduct a literature review to deepen your understanding of a topic
of interest. So, if you have a 10,000-word research paper, the minimum word count could be 1500. If
there are conflicting studies, why do you think that is. In other words, a complete understanding the
research problem requires you to deliberately examine how knowledge and perspectives have
changed over time. This includes a broad collection of non-academic sources like blog posts, opinion
pieces, publications by advocacy groups and daily news articles. Application of Deductive and
Inductive Logic: If your study is quantitative, you apply deductive logic to it. The already difficult
challenge of developing the capability (suitable processes. Specialized magazines (for example,
business magazines for management students) may be more useful. Based on your preliminary
research, you should be able to produce a narrow, tailored thesis statement that you can then use to
guide your literature review. This may lead in some cases to conflicting views on the merits of the
paper, and on how to improve it, but such a situation is better than the absence of feedback. Writing
experts from our service also ensure a unique perspective on the subject. Methodological If you draw
your sources from different disciplines or fields that use a variety of research methods, you might
want to compare the results and conclusions that emerge from different approaches. Build your
foundation on credible academic literature to ensure that your study stands on the proverbial
shoulders of giants. Much of the information used in an annotated bibliography can be used also in a
literature review, so you’ll be not only partially drafting your lit review as you research, but also
developing your sense of the larger conversation going on among scholars, professionals, and any
other stakeholders in your topic. Cite this Scribbr article If you want to cite this source, you can
copy and paste the citation or click the “Cite this Scribbr article” button to automatically add the
citation to our free Citation Generator. Use the key words in your question, as well as synonyms for
those words, as terms in your search. So let’s think about surveying, synthesising, critically analysing
and presenting in more detail. What are the most important topics, subtopics, etc., that your review
needs to include. Since we are aware of it, writing specialists complete every review from scratch.
College-level literature review help is at your disposal. Rule 5: Keep the Review Focused, but Make
It of Broad Interest Whether your plan is to write a mini- or a full review, it is good advice to keep it
focused 16, 17. The review ends with a conclusion section which summarizes the findings regarding
the state of the research of the specific study, the gaps identify and if applicable, explains how the
author's research will address gaps identify in the review and expand the knowledge on the topic
reviewed. Simply following an example may not be enough, so asking a writing expert for help is a
good option. This link opens in a new window Contact a Librarian Ask a Librarian Definition: A
literature review is a systematic examination and synthesis of existing scholarly research on a specific
topic or subject. If the same authors, books or articles keep appearing in your reading, make sure to
seek them out.
Identifies information and ideas that may be relevant to your project. The average length of a wife’s
look was 7.5 seconds while the husband’s was 4.5 seconds. From the industrial age on, the way
organisations rated performance was to consult. Ultimately, a proper literature review is a first
critical step toward identifying relevant conceptual frameworks. Types of reviews 1. Define your
research question 2. Make sure the sources you use are credible, and make sure you read any
landmark studies and major theories in your field of research. The literature review gives you a
chance to: Demonstrate your familiarity with the topic and its scholarly context Develop a
theoretical framework and methodology for your research Position your work in relation to other
researchers and theorists Show how your research addresses a gap or contributes to a debate
Evaluate the current state of research and demonstrate your knowledge of the scholarly debates
around your topic. Conducting a Literature Review: Why Do A Literature Review. So, as you
develop your catalogue of literature, remember to incorporate both the classics and the more up to
date research. An annotated bibliography is a list of source references that has a short description
(called an annotation ) for each of the sources. There are various referencing styles, and non-
compliance with them might affect your grade. Sampling methods Simple random sampling
Stratified sampling Cluster sampling Likert scales Reproducibility Statistics Null hypothesis
Statistical power Probability distribution Effect size Poisson distribution Research bias Optimism
bias Cognitive bias Implicit bias Hawthorne effect Anchoring bias Explicit bias A literature review is
a survey of scholarly sources (such as books, journal articles, and theses) related to a specific topic or
research question. Writing a Literature Review The lit review is an important genre in many
disciplines, not just literature (i.e., the study of works of literature such as novels and plays). This is
especially true for those studies that use quantitative methods since they generally provide more
objective data than qualitative studies do. If you begin to see the same researchers cited again and
again, then this is often an indication that no new ideas have been generated to address the research
problem. Second are the reviews of those studies that summarize and offer new interpretations built
from and often extending beyond the primary studies. This video is published under a Creative
Commons 3.0 BY-NC-SA US license. The proper sequence allows moving from one question to
another, avoiding chaos in writing. E.g., a body part in the standard literature review samples often is
organized chronologically, moving from the older findings to the newest research. Review the
abstracts of research studies carefully. In short you are smart enough in coaching research work. See
some of the exam questions below that we have collected from various sources. How The Diverse
Labor Force Management Improves Individual. It demonstrates to your readers how your research
fits within a larger field of study. That’s why you have no more reason for fear of cyber attacks.
Give your interpretation of how and why certain developments occurred. Here is a sample paragraph
from a literature review about sexism and language to illuminate the following discussion: However,
other studies have shown that even gender-neutral antecedents are more likely to produce masculine
images than feminine ones (Gastil, 1990). Point the way in fulfilling a need for additional research.
The waves of change in organisational management have both informed and been. Determination of
methodologies used in past studies of the same or similar topics. Structure your sections by themes
or subtopics, not by individual theorists or researchers.
If there are conflicting studies, why do you think that is. Download Word doc Download Google
doc Before you begin searching for literature, you need a clearly defined topic. While this is useful
for demonstrating how theories evolve, make sure to include your own interpretation of trends,
turning points, or disagreements, demonstrating how they contributed shape where the subject is
headed. Literature reviews are set up similarly to other academic texts, with an introduction, a main
body, and a conclusion. For example, if you are reviewing literature about women and religion, key
themes can include the role of women in churches and the religious attitude towards women. Is there
any pattern, are there any trends that seem to lead your research into a different direction. You
should be able to answer it based only on a review of existing publications. Feedback is vital to
writing a good review, and should be sought from a variety of colleagues, so as to obtain a diversity
of views on the draft. It also describes the structure of the material you create and provides the
author’s (your) reasons for reviewing the chosen sources. Integrative Review Considered a form of
research that reviews, critiques, and synthesizes representative literature on a topic in an integrated
way such that new frameworks and perspectives on the topic are generated. While conducting a
review of the literature, maximize the time you devote to writing this part of your paper by thinking
broadly about what you should be looking for and evaluating. University of Texas Libraries
Literature Reviews Steps in the literature review process. Importance of a Good Literature Review
A literature review may consist of simply a summary of key sources, but in the social sciences, a
literature review usually has an organizational pattern and combines both summary and synthesis,
often within specific conceptual categories. The first step of any research project is to review the
field. They are familiar with research tools and databases and can often direct you to sources you
may not have found on your own. More often than not, different interpretations on the same subject
might change your perspective towards the same. A literature review’s goal is to provide a “behind
the scenes” look at how you did your research, underpinning it as a valid piece of scholarly research.
Themes: what questions or concepts recur across the literature. A review organized in this manner
would shift between time periods within each section according to the point being made. Every time
you visit an article page, it provides you links to related papers. This is the situation when you are
asked to investigate the existing state of research on your issue and then analyze and synthesize your
results. You should have a rough idea of your strategy before you start writing. Here, we’ll look at
six reasons why you might want to write a literature review. 1. Share Your Knowledge 2. Simply
following an example may not be enough, so asking a writing expert for help is a good option. For
example, if you are reviewing literature about inequalities in migrant health outcomes, key themes
might include healthcare policy, language barriers, cultural attitudes, legal status, and economic
access. All of our appointments are free of charge and confidential. Making it the most accurate and
reliable proofreading tool for students. LexiVibe: Virtual Reality-based Vocabulary Learning
Environment for Visually. Analyze its literature review, the samples and variables used, the results,
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