Writing a literature review can be a daunting task for many students and researchers.

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Now consider some typical ways of organizing the sources into a review: Chronological: If your
review follows the chronological method, you could write about the materials above according to
when they were published. The Research Gap The third essential ingredient of a high-quality
literature review is a discussion of the research gap (or gaps). Consider whether your sources are
current Some disciplines require that you use information that is as current as possible. Even with
more than 10 years of nursing experience and post-basic qualifications 12 percent of them fell short
of the OSCE. Literature reviews provide the reader with a bibliographic history of the scholarly
research in any given field of study. Under this method, you would combine the recent studies on
American whaling in the 19th century with Moby Dick itself in the 1800-1899 category, even though
the authors wrote a century apart. Do not forget to explain how and in what ways your proposed
research builds upon previous related research. Methodological A methodological approach focuses
on the methods utilized by the researcher. It should include a new interpretation of the existing body
of work: a synthesis of the information. Searching the extant literature: The next step consists of
searching the literature and making decisions about the suitability of material to be considered in the
review ( Cooper, 1988 ). It is then checked by our plagiarism-detection software. Many student
writers struggle to synthesize because they feel they don’t have anything to add to the scholars they
are citing; here are some strategies to help you: It often helps to remember that the point of these
kinds of syntheses is to show your readers how you understand your research, to help them read the
rest of your paper. Does the work ultimately contribute in any significant way to an understanding of
the subject? II. This approach helps highlight ethical issues which you should be aware of and
consider as you go through your own study. Thematic reviews are organized around a topic or issue,
rather than the progression of time, although the progression of time may still be incorporated into a
thematic review. There is an increasing interest in the visual aspects of social media. Step One:
Decide on your areas of research: Before you begin to search for articles or books, decide beforehand
what areas you are going to research. Make a summary. Quote directly. Use relatively unknown
facts. Explain the difference between your research and that of other sources. The focus of a
literature review, however, is to summarize and synthesize the arguments and ideas of others without
adding new contributions. You have some chance to do this in your introduction in an article, but the
literature review section gives a more extended opportunity to establish the conversation in the way
you would like your readers to see it. And you’ll find examples of literature reviews below. Below
are the general guidelines on which this part is usually based. Coverage Does the material meet your
information needs. Most lit reviews use a basic introduction-body-conclusion structure; if your lit
review is part of a larger paper, the introduction and conclusion pieces may be just a few sentences
while you focus most of your attention on the body. Some databases to search for journals and
articles include: Your university’s library catalogue Google Scholar Project Muse (humanities and
social sciences) Medline (life sciences and biomedicine) EconLit (economics) Inspec (physics,
engineering and computer science) You can use boolean operators to help narrow down your search:
Read the abstract to find out whether an article is relevant to your question. Questions for Further
Research: What questions about the field has the review sparked. During the interviews, the
researchers heard many participants discuss individual resilience factors and how they believed these
individual factors helped make the community more resilient, overall. Present the literature
describing the life of Native Americans in the USA. They originated from criticisms of positivist
systematic reviews which centre on their “simplistic” underlying assumptions ( Oates, 2011 ).
An Introduction to Research Methods in Sociology by Valerie A. The less you think about the form,
the more time you have to think about the contents. But no need to stress out; you can get all the
help you. As in most narrative reviews, the scope of the research questions being investigated is
broad: (a) how development of these systems are carried out; (b) which methods are used to
investigate these systems; and (c) what conclusions can be drawn as a result of the development of
these systems. To provide clear answers to these questions, a literature search was conducted on six
electronic databases and Google Scholar. In other words, you want to connect the dots between the
different “things” of interest that you’ll be exploring in your study. Include an overview of the
current knowledge on the topic. Objectivity -- is the author's perspective even-handed or prejudicial.
Demonstrates why a topic is significant to a subject area. Article title, Name of journal, Volume
number, Pages. You can dedicate a separate subsection of your literature review for each of them.
The bibliography or reference section of sources you've already read, such as required readings in the
course syllabus, are also excellent entry points into your own research. When answering what the
purpose of a literature review is, one needs to remember a few objectives of a literature review: It
identifies and narrows down the problem you are studying. Design Chapter 4. Development 6.
Thesis Structure Chapter 1. Point the way in fulfilling a need for additional research. The second
type of coverage consists of presenting materials that are representative of most other works in a
given field or area. The introduction should clearly establish the focus and purpose of the literature
review. This is called citation tracking and there are a number of sources that can help you identify
who has cited whom, particularly scholars from outside of your discipline. The Hardware
establishments in India are regulated by the Foreign Trade. Are there other sources that provide more
in-depth coverage. By publication: Order your sources by publication chronology, then, only if the
order demonstrates a more important trend. Based on your reading and notes, you can look for:
Trends and patterns (in theory, method or results): do certain approaches become more or less
popular over time. You can simply put the word “review” in your search engine along with your other
topic terms to find articles of this type on the Internet or in an electronic database. Provide a review
of literature that describes the Civil War. Assess the authority of the URL (site’s web address).
Doing Your Literature Review: Traditional and Systematic Techniques. Selecting studies, extracting
data, and assessing risk of bias in a duplicate manner using two independent reviewers to avoid
random or systematic errors in the process. Consequently, it is critical that the research design and
methods section is well-written, clear, and logically organized. As a result: The journal includes
numerous references that. In other words, your theoretical framework should reveal some insights
about what answers you might expect to find to your research questions. Even though a literature
review describes ideas from other authors, you should maintain your voice.
APA7 Style resources APA Style Blog - for those harder to find answers 1. Make sure you check
with your instructor to see which of the two you are expected to produce. How might your study
contribute to social, economic, environmental issues. This helps to demonstrate that you have
identified the key research for your topic and is particuarly important for stand alone literature
reviews as this is your method. It should also be able to tell the readers what all would be discussed
in the dissertation and what all you are going to exclude. What was published first, would be written
or mentioned first in the literature review leading to the recently published. A basic guide to writing
a literature review Here are the most common ones: 1. Questions for Further Research: What
questions about the field has the review sparked. This handout will explain what literature reviews
are and offer insights into the form and construction of literature reviews in the humanities, social
sciences, and sciences. Please do not use this list as a model for the format of your own reference
list, as it may not match the citation style you are using. What other sections you include in the body
is up to you. You have to learn the elements of literature review and how to deal with them.
Literature reviews can include materials such as scholarly articles, books, government reports, etc.
Once you have determined your audience, you can then decide what type of literature review is
appropriate. Look at sources the authors cite to in their work. Check with your professor, or a
subject expert in the field, if you are missing any key works in the field. Questions being asked,
methods used for research, and relevant conclusions draw. However, progression of time may still be
an important factor in a thematic review. For instance, first you would talk about the British
biological studies of the 18th century, then about Moby Dick, published in 1851, then the book on
sperm whales in other art (1968), and finally the biology articles (1980s) and the recent articles on
American whaling of the 19th century. If you are writing a literature review as a stand-alone
assignment, you will have to choose a focus and develop a central question to direct your search. As
you write, make sure to follow these tips: Summarise and synthesise: give an overview of the main
points of each source and combine them into a coherent whole. Simply following an example may
not be enough, so asking a writing expert for help is a good option. Gordon Introduction to Cloud
Computing Introduction to Cloud Computing Damian T. The content will look slightly different in
each case, but the process of conducting a literature review follows the same steps. Explain why the
research design and methods chosen for this study are appropriate, and why other design and
methods were not chosen. Writing a literature review is fairly complex than writing an essay. Last,
Bandara, Miskon, and Fielt (2011) proposed a structured, predefined and tool-supported method to
identify primary studies within a feasible scope, extract relevant content from identified articles,
synthesize and analyze the findings, and effectively write and present the results of the literature
review. Although having articles with tips and recommendations is good, the presence of an accurate
sample is much better. Gordon Designing Teaching: Laurilliard's Learning Types Designing Teaching:
Laurilliard's Learning Types Damian T. Why conduct a literature review, stages of a literature review,
lit reviews: an overview (video), check out these books.
And don’t forget to check out valuable links at the end of the article. Summarize and synthesize
Remember to summarize and synthesize your sources within each paragraph as well as throughout
the review. There are many benefits to writing a literature review, from improving your research
skills to gaining a better understanding of the field you are studying. Questions for Further Research:
What questions about the field has the review sparked. The only proofreading tool specialized in
correcting academic writing The academic proofreading tool has been trained on 1000s of academic
texts and by native English editors. Like descriptive reviews, the research questions are generic and
usually relate to publication patterns and trends. Use evidence In the example above, the writers refer
to several other sources when making their point. It will provide a quick but thorough overview of
the literature you used presented in a way that will make your professor very pleased with your
work. Explore the literature on human resource development issues. What are the most important
topics, subtopics, etc., that your review needs to include. Sometimes, students hesitate whether to
trust authors or not. The research team started with an exploratory review of background documents
and research studies to identify ways in which patient portals may contribute to health service
delivery and patient outcomes. Table of contents Why write a literature review, examples of
literature reviews, step 1: search for relevant literature, step 2: evaluate and select sources, step 3:
identify themes, debates and gaps, step 4: outline your literature review’s structure, step 5: write
your literature review, frequently asked questions about literature reviews, introduction. The goal is
to deliberately document, critically evaluate, and summarize scientifically all of the research about a
clearly defined research problem. A summary is a recap of the important information of the source,
but a synthesis is a re-organization, or a reshuffling, of that information. An article from a serious
scientific journal would be a good. On the contrary, if you are writing a narrative essay, narrating a
story and retaining the attention of your readers will be your main argument. The basic research
question — what works? — which is usually associated with systematic reviews changes to: what is
it about this intervention that works, for whom, in what circumstances, in what respects and why.
Like any other academic paper, you should reference a few other resources when you make a point.
To summarize the evidence presented and show its significance Rather than restating your thesis or
purpose statement, explain what your review tells you about the current state of the field If the
review is an introduction to your own research, the conclusion highlights gaps and indicates how
previous research leads to your own research project and chosen methodology. And these points
should refer directly to the focus of your review. Writing the Literature Review: A Practical Guide
suggests these steps: Chose a review topic and develop a research question Locate and organize
research sources Select, analyze and annotate sources Evaluate research articles and other documents
Structure and organize the literature review Develop arguments and supporting claims Synthesize
and interpret the literature Put it all together What is the purpose of writing a literature review. Types
of Literature Reviews It is important to think of knowledge in a given field as consisting of three
layers. When you’ve answered the main questions and achieved the set goals, sharing your thoughts
is a wise solution, especially if you disagree with something and need to support any points of view.
We understand that a lot comes with the responsibility of creating a Master’s thesis from scratch.
For example, a review of the Internet’s impact on American presidential politics could focus on the
development of online political satire. Write a literature review of the articles and studies on autism
spectrum disorder. How to Write a Literature Review Now that you are familiar with the elements,
it’s time to figure out how to write a literature review for a research paper. Try writing a simple
statement that lets the reader know what is your main organizing principle. Your literature review
should be guided by your central research question.
Here is a sample paragraph from a literature review about sexism and language to illuminate the
following discussion: However, other studies have shown that even gender-neutral antecedents are
more likely to produce masculine images than feminine ones (Gastil, 1990). Development of the
Literature Review Four Basic Stages of Writing 1. Should you summarize, synthesize, or critique
your sources by discussing a common theme or issue. The following provides a brief description of
the content of each: Introduction: Gives a quick idea of the topic of the literature review, such as the
central theme or organizational pattern. A good literature review doesn't just summarise sources - it
analyses, synthesises, and critically evaluates to give a clear picture of the state of knowledge on the
subject. Themes: what questions or concepts recur across the literature. It should be like the blueprint
of your dissertation so that readers could figure out what they are going to dive into. Write a
literature review on the benefits of electronic health records. Gordon REST and RESTful Services
REST and RESTful Services Damian T. The introduction should: define your topic and provide an
appropriate context for reviewing the literature; establish your reasons - i.e. point of view - for.
Review the literature analyzing the influence of the token economy on the behavior of students with
autism. While you do not need to include all knowledge you have learned about your topic in this
section, it is important to ensure that you include the most relevant material that will help to explain
the goals of your research. Depending on the length of your literature review, you can combine
several of these strategies (for example, your overall structure might be thematic, but each theme is
discussed chronologically). Knowledge Management Example Knowledge Management Web 2.0 29.
Knowledge Management Example Knowledge Management Web 2.0 Wiig Probst Davenport
Nonaka Eppler Ruggles Prusak Bhatt Gurteen 30. Some other aspects that it highlights are: Your
knowledge of the context and the issue in general; Methodology and theories to use for your paper;
Contrast and comparison of your work to other researches; Your work’s contribution to the field and
how it might fill the gaps. Keeping the logical sequence is very important, so having a good writing
example will be a serious advantage. However, only include what is necessary for the reader to locate
your study within the larger scholarship about the research problem. You also provide dialogue about
additional sources of information that helped to frame your action research study. The scope of your
review will depend on your topic and discipline: in the sciences you usually only review recent
literature, but in the humanities you might take a long historical perspective (for example, to trace
how a concept has changed in meaning over time). Gordon Introduction to Interviewing Introduction
to Interviewing Damian T. Information Technology Example Information Technology Image
Synthesis 49. You should have a rough idea of your strategy before you start writing. Examine the
pertinent scholarly articles analyzing the role of an auditor in detecting fraud. For example, if you
were reviewing the literature on obesity in children you might say something like: There are a large
number of studies of obesity trends in the general population. If your assignment is not very specific,
seek clarification from your instructor: Roughly how many sources should you include. European
Union permit parallel trade among those countries in virtually all. Try sorting through some other
current bibliographies or literature reviews in the field to get a sense of what your discipline expects.
A literature review is a survey of materials created to present an overview of literature published on
an issue, theory, topic or area of research. Similarly, 'Imports' imply the physical movement of goods
in of a country in. However, particularly in the social sciences, thinking about research problems from
multiple vectors is a key strategy for finding new solutions to a problem or gaining a new perspective.