TIMELINE of MEDIEVAL HISTORY

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MK Sir & Veer Pratab Sir

KEY DELIVERABLES :
Comprehensive Coverage of all the One Stop Solu on for Timeline
Medieval History. Ques ons

Integrated with the Facts and Figure Based on UPSC PYQs.

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EARLY MEDIEVAL TIMELINE

Index

Topics Pages

1. Early Medieval Timeline ....................................................................................... 01

v (Deccan) (730sAD).................................................................................................... 01
§ Rashtrakutas ....................................................................................................... 01
v East ..........................................................................................................................02
§ Palas .................................................................................................................... 02
§ Senas ................................................................................................................... 03
v West .........................................................................................................................03
§ Gurjar Pratihara....................................................................................................03
v North (Kashmir)....................................................................................................... 04
§ Karkota & Utpala Dynasties................................................................................... 04
v South........................................................................................................................04
§ Cholas .................................................................................................................. 04
v Invasions................................................................................................................. 05
§ Arab ..................................................................................................................... 05
§ Ghazni ..................................................................................................................05
§ Ghuri ................................................................................................................... 05
2. Later Medieval Timeline ........................................................................................ 06
v Delhi Sultanate.........................................................................................................06
§ Slave Dynasty ...................................................................................................... 06
§ Khalji Dynasty ...................................................................................................... 06
§ Tughlaq Dynasty ................................................................................................... 06
§ Sayyid Dynasty ..................................................................................................... 07
§ Lodi Dynasty ......................................................................................................... 07
v Mughal Sultanate.....................................................................................................07
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Early Medieval Timeline - By Veer Pratab Sir
Early Medieval timeline
(750 AD to 1206 AD)

North India:
v 730s AD : emergence of Gurjar Pratihara (west &
central India)
§ Ruled till 11th AD.
§ Source of information ® Aihole Inscription &
records of Hieun Tsang & Harshacharita.
§ Capital – Bhinmal (Rajasthan)
§ Rulers:
s Founder – Harichandra
s 730-760 AD : Nagabhatta 1
s 775 – 800 AD : Vatsraja (Capital – kannauj
/Mahodaya)
s 800 – 833 AD : Nagabhatta
s 833 – 836 AD : Ramadeva
s 836 – 885 AD : Bhoja 1/ Mihir Bhoja
Ÿ Tittles Adivraha (Gwalior inscription)
s 885 – 908 AD : Mahendra Pala-I
Ÿ Aka ® Punjab inscription ®
Mahendrayudha
Ÿ Plays of rajashekhara (poet) mention
him as Nirbhayanarendra
Ÿ Title ® Maharajaadhiraja of
aryavarta.
§ 910 – 913 AD : Bhoja II
§ 913-944 AD : Mahipala I
s Rajashekhara in his court
§ 960 – 1018 AD : Rajya pala
s Mohd. Ghazani invaded his empire.
Emergence of Rashtrakutas (Deccan) § 1024 – 1036 AD : Yashpala.
(730s AD)
v Feudatories of Western chalukyas.
v Capital – Malkhed/Manyakheta.
v Rulers:-
§ 733 – 756 AD : Dantidurga (founder)
s Title : Maharajadhiraja, Parmeshawara
& Parmabhattaraha.
s He defeated Kirtivarman II (Chalukyan
king of Vatapi).
§ 756 – 774 AD : Krishna I
s Constructed the monolithic temple ®
Kailashanatha temple (ellore)
s He also defeated Kirtivarman II
s Established – Kanneshwara college
s Patronized Jain scholar: Akalanka Bhatta
who wrote Rajavartika.
§ 774 – 780 AD : Govind II
s Title: Prabhutavarsha Vikramavaloka.

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§ 780 AD – 793 AD : Dhruva

§ 793 – 814 AD : Govinda III
s His military conicts are compared
to Alexander the great & the Pandava
ruler Arjuna.
§ 814 – 878 AD : Amoghvarsha I
s 64 years rule.
s Aka ® Ashoka of the south
s He is compared to VikramAditya/
Chandragupta II/ Simhavikrama
(gupta king)
s His jain teacher Jinasena composed
Parsvabhudaya (a biography of Parsva)
and also converted him to Jainism.
s Title : Viranarayana
§ 915 – 927 AD ® Indra III
§ 934 – 963 AD ® Krishna III.
s Title: conqueror of Kanchi & tajai.

Foundation of Pala
Dynasty of Bengal

East India :
v Rulers:
§ 750 – 810 AD : Gopala I
s Built buddhist monastery at Odantapuri
(Bihar)
§ 770 – 810 AD ® Dharmapala
s Founded – Vikramshila university
(buddhist) & Somapuri monastery in Bihar.
s Title : Uttarapath swami.
s Court : buddhist haribhadra suri present.
§ 810 – 850 AD : Devapala I
s Title : Paramsaugat
s Court poet ® Vajradatta (buddhist scholar)
& lokesvarasataka.
s He granted 5 villages to maintain Nalanda
university.
§ 850 – 854 AD : Vigrahapala
§ 977 – 1027 AD : Mahipala
s Rajendra chola invaded north India
(Thirumalai inscription of Rajendra Chola)
§ 1130 – 50 AD ® Madanapala
s Expelled by Vijaysena who established the
Sena dynasty in Bengal.

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8th to 12th century AD

v 8th to 10th century AD ® Tri-Partite struggle.

§ Between Rashtrakutas Vs Pala rulers Vs
Gurjar Pratiharas.
v 8th to 12th Century AD ® the Rajput States
§ 8th century AD ® Tomar dynasty founded
s 736 AD ® tomars founded delhi.
§ 10th century AD ® Chauhan dynasty
founded.
s 944 – 971 AD ® Simharaja
l Title – Maharajadhiraja
s 971 – 998 AD ® Vigraharaja II
s 1177-1192 AD ® Rai Pithora/ Prithiviraja
III
l 1191 AD ® 1st battle of tarain. He
defeated Mohd. Ghori.
l 1192 AD ® 2nd battle of Panipat,
ghori defeated him.
§ 1090 AD ® Gahadvalas dynasty founded.

Senas of Bengal

(1097-1225 AD)

§ Hindu dynasty
§ Rulers:
s Early rulers about whom very little
information is available:
Ÿ Vira sena
Ÿ Samanta sena (title ® Brahmak-
shatriyan)
Ÿ Hemanta sena
s 1095 – 1158 AD ® Vijaya sena
Ÿ Founder, after deposing the pala
rulers.
Ÿ Title – Maharajadhiraja
Ÿ His prashasti’s:
¬ Vijay Prashasti by Sriharsha
¬ Deopara Prashasti by Umapati
dhara
s 1158 – 1179 AD ® Ballala sena
s 1179 – 1207 AD ® Lakshamana sena
Ÿ Title ® Ariraja-madana-sankara;
Gaureshwara; Paramvaishnava;
Parmeshwara.

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Kashmir Dynasties
7th – 11th Century AD
v 625 AD ® Karkota dynasty
§ Capital – Paraspore/Parihasapura
§ Worshipers of Sun god.
§ Important Rulers:
s 625 AD ® Raja Durlabhavaradhana ®
founder.
s Durlabahaka (son of Durlabha- vardhana)
s 697 – 733 AD ® Lalitaditya/ Muktapida
• Son of Durlabahaka.
• Had a roleplay in construction of
Martand Temple (oldest sun temple)
in Anantnag city (Kashmir).
v 850s AD ® Utpala Dynasty established
§ 855 – 883 AD ® Founder – Avantivarman
§ 883 – 902 AD ® Sankara Varman
§ 902 – 904 AD ® Gopalavarman
§ 904 – 906 AD ® Queen Sugandha
§ 948 – 948 AD ® Sangramadeva
§ 958 – 1003 AD ® Queen Didda
• She is mentioned in the 6th Taranga
of Rajatrangani of Kalhana.
• After her death, the lohara dynasty
took over the area.
The Chola Kingdom
9th – 12th century AD
v 850 AD – 11th century AD ® Imperial/Main Line
Cholas
v 850 – 871 AD ® Vijayalaya chola
§ Founder
§ Feudatories of the Pallavas of Kanchi.
v 871 – 907 AD ® Aditya 1
v 907 – 955 AD ® Parantaka 1
§ Title ® Madurantaka (destroyer of Madurai)
• Maduraikonda (conqueror of Madurai)
v 957 – 973 AD ® Parantaka II/ Sundarchola
v 973 – 985 AD ® Uttam Chola.
v 985 – 1014 AD ® Raja Raja 1/ Arumolivarman
§ Title ® Mummudi choladeva (annexed
northern part of srilanka)
§ Aka ® ulakalanda perumal.
v 1014 – 1044 AD ® Rajendra 1
§ Aka ® vijayrajendra; Pandita chola (scholarly
chola); Mudikonda cholan (crowned chola);
akadaram kondan (conqueror of kadaram).
§ Title ® Gangaikondachola (conqueror of ganga)
(defeated - Mahipala)
v 1044 – 1054 AD ® Rajadhiraja I
v 1054 – 1063 AD ® Rajendradeva II

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The Chola Kingdom
850 – 12th century AD
§ 1063 – 1067 ® Virarajendra
§ 1067 – 1070 AD ® Athirajendra
§ 1070 – 1120 AD ® Kulothunga I
§ 1120 – 1135 AD ® Vikrama chola
§ 1135 – 1150 AD ® Kulothunga II
§ 1163 – 1218 AD ® Kulothunga III
§ 1246 – 1279 AD ® Rajendra IV

Arabic, Ghazani & Gurid invasions.

8th – 12th century AD
§ 712 AD ® Mohd. Bin Qasim invaded
Sindh (Pakistan) and defeated the ruler
Dahar/dahir.

§ 1000 AD ® Ghazani invasions into the

Indian subcontinent ® Total 17 raids in
India.

§ 1175 AD onwards ® invasions by Mohd.

Ghuri/Ghori.

§ 1191 & 1192 AD ® Battle of Tarain 1 & 2

against prithviraj Chauhan.

§ 1194 AD ® Battle of Chandawar between

Mohd. Ghori & Jaychand (Gahadavala
ruler).

§ 1195 – 1205 AD ® conquest of Gujarat,

Bundelkhand, Bengal & Bihar by Ghori.

§ 1205 AD ® revolt of Khokhars.

s Khokhars, a warlike tribe of western
Punjab cut the communications
between Lahore & the ruler Ghuri.
s In 1206 AD when Ghuri was travelling
to Afganistan, he was killed by the
Khokhars.

vvvv

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Later Medieval India Timeline
- By Veer Pratab Sir
Delhi Sultanate
1206 – 1526 AD
1206 - 1290 AD ® Slave/Mameluk
/Illbari Dyanasty
v Rulers:
§ 1206 – 1210 AD ® Founder ® Qutub – ud- din
Aibek
§ 1210 – 1236 AD ® Shams-ud-din Iltutmish
§ 1236 ® Rukn-ud-din Feroze
§ 1236 – 1239 AD ® Razia Sultan
§ 1240 – 1242 AD ® Muiz-ud-din Bahram
§ 1242 –1246 AD ®Ala-ud-din Masud
§ 1246 – 1265 AD ® Nasiruddin Mahmud
§ 1265 – 1286 AD ® Giyasuddin Balban
§ 1287 – 1290 AD ® Kaiqubad
§ March 1290 – June 1290 AD ® Kaymars

Khalji Dynasty
(1290 – 1320 AD)
v Rulers:-
§ 1290 – 1296 AD ® founder ® Jalaluddin
Khalji
§ 1296 – 1316 AD ® Alauddin khalji
s Malik kafur
§ 1316 AD (35 days emperor) ® Shibabuddin
Umar
§ 1316-1320 AD ® Qutubuddin Mubarak shah
Khalji
§ 1320 AD ® Nasiruddin Khusrau shah.
Tughluq Dynasty
v Rulers: (1320 – 1413 AD)
§ 1320 – 1324 AD ® Ghiyasudding Tughlaq
§ 1324 – 1351 AD ® Mohd. Bin Tughlaq
s Foundation of Vijaynagar empire &
Bahamani sultanate.
§ 1351 – 1388 AD ® Firuz shah Tughlaq
§ 1388 -1389 AD ® Ghiyath-ud-din Tughluq
Shah
§ 1389 – 1390 AD ® Abu Bakr Shah
§ 1390 – 1394 AD ® Muhammad Shah
§ 1394 – 1412 AD®Nasir-ud-din Mahmud Shah
Tughluq
s 1398 AD ® Timur invaded India.

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Sayyid Dynasty
1414 – 1451 AD
§ 1414 – 1421 AD ® Khizr khan ® founder
§ 1421 – 1434 AD ® Mubarak shah
§ 1434 – 1445 AD ® Mohd. Shah
§ 1445 – 1451 AD ® Alaudin Alam Shah

Lodi Dynasty
1451 – 1526 AD
§ 1451 – 1489 AD ® founder ® Bahlol Lodi
§ 1489 – 1517 AD ® Sikandar Lodi
§ 1517 – 1526 AD ® Ibrahim Lodi
v 1526 ® 1st Battle of Panipat between Babur &
Ibrahim Lodi in which lodi lost, and hence Mughal
dynasty was established.

Mughal Empire
(1526 – 1857 AD)

§ 1526 – 1530 AD ® Zaheeruddin Mohd. Babur

§ 1530 – 1540 AD & 1555 – 1556 AD ® Humayun
§ 1556 – 1605 AD ® Akbar
§ 1605 – 1627 AD ® Salim/ Jehangir
§ 1628 – 1658 AD ® Shah Jahan
§ 1658 – 1707 AD ® Aurangzeb (Alamgir
/zindapir)
§ 1707 – 1712 AD ® Bahadur Shah I
§ 1712 – 1713 AD ® Jahandar shah
§ 1713 – 1719 AD ® Farruk Shiyar
§ 1719 AD ® Ra ul daula
§ 1719 AD ® Ra ud Darjat
§ 1719 – 1748 AD ® Mohd. Shah Rangeela
s Ahmed shah Abdali invaded many times
during his reign.
§ 1748 – 1754 AD ® Ahmad shah
§ 1754 – 1758 AD ® Alamgir II
§ 1757 AD ® Battle of Plassey
§ 1759 – 1806 AD ® Shah Alam II
§ 1806 – 1837 AD ® Akbar II
§ 1837 – 1857 AD ® Bahadur Shah II vvvv

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